考试英语（精选多篇）

推荐第1篇：考试复习资料(英语)

ⅢPart II Vocabulary and structure (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共计20分)

36.I have absolutely no ____________ for students who get caught cheating in exam.B) sympathy 37.I prefer walking ________ cycling.C) to

38.Can you ___________ me some new books on this subject?B) recommend39 John is the only one of the students who ___________ to France.A) has been

40.She showed a __________ for acting at an early age D) talent

41.We must __________ our attentions __________ efficiency.C) concentrate / on

42.We learn a foreign language in order to __________.C) communicate43.You need a paword to get __________ to the computer system.B) acce

44.You will be informed when the book becomes __________.C) available

45.The room needs ______________.B) cleaning46.Things will get easier as time __________.B) goes by47.The quickest ____________ of travel is by plane.B) means

48.I __________ your problem, but I don’t think I can help you.C) appreciate49.His speech gave(an) __________ into the problem of education B) insight 50.Will you stop __________ me when I’m speaking?D) interrupting

51.They __________ him a very good job, but he turned it down.A) offered

52.Charles thinks money will __________ all his problems.B) solve

53.A diet high in fat may be responsible ____________ several types of cancerC) for54.We __________ a number of difficulties in the first week.A) encountered

55.___________________ the window, we can see a beautiful sight where the ocean meets the sky.C) looking out of

Part IV Complete the following sentences by Translating Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每题1分, 共计5分)（填空题） 56.(我越了解Lucy，我越 ….) like her.

57.(建议你们都努力学习) if you want to pa the exam.58.She treats her students _好像他们是她自己的孩子似的)59.___(那位教授所说的话) had a great effect on us.

60.Would you _ (介意给这位病人让点地方吗？) Part IV Translate the following sentences into Chinese：(英译汉)

61.The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is that we may listen more and talk les.（我们有两只耳朵和一张嘴的原因就是便于我们多听少说！）

62.The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale” and none of the occupations she listed were women’s jobs.（老师告诉她那是一篇“神话”，因为她所列举的工作没有一项是女人

能够做的。）

63.To begin reading, it is recommended that you read some books claified by level of difficulty.（刚开始阅读时，建议读一些按难度水平分类的书籍。）

64.Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their problems that they are in you and your problems.（记住，相对于你和你的问题，和你谈话的人对自己及自身问题的兴趣要高一百倍。）

65.When you leave school, if you don’t go for your drams, no one will do it for you.（你们离开学校之后，如果自己不去追求梦想，那么是没有人会来帮你忙的。） Part V Applied Writing(汉译英)

Directions: Translate the Following Sentences into English 66.对不起，这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。（available）

I’m sorry,those overcoats are not available in your color and size.

67.他梦想成为一名流行歌星。（dream of ）

He dreams of becoming a pop singer.

68.设想处于他的境地， 你就会理解他为什打断你了。 Put yourself in his shoes and you will understand why he interrupted you.69.约翰先生所说的话改变了他一生

What Mr.John said changed the course of his life.70.我应该讲笑话逗了这些孩子吗？

Am I supposed to amuse the children with jokes.

Reading comprehension（阅读练习）（选择题）

One

I wished that I hadn’t opened the old wooden case,我真不该打开那个旧的木箱子.for there was the familiar box with the words ”Acceptance Letters” penciled on it.因为里面有一个我很熟悉的小盒子,上面用铅笔写着“所收信件”.Now the rose fragrance that Mama always wore came faintly toward me and I looked again at Mama’s writer had never become a reality.-----妈妈想当作家的梦想从未成为现实。

Mama never sent her article anywhere, but one day I saw a new light in her eyes.妈妈从未将自己写的东西寄出动过。但有一天我看见妈妈眼里泛着异样目

光。”Children,” she told us, “Your mama is going to be a writer.I want to write stories so that others might feel uplifted.”“孩子们，你们的妈妈将要当作家了！我要写小说，人们对我将会刮目相看。”

Mama gathered her notes, got a copy of Writer’s Market and began writing.妈妈收集了笔记。并买了一本“作家出版行市”。However, before she finished even one

article, Dad left us.然而没等她写完一篇文章，爸爸离世而去。Mama was suddenly responsible for the care and support of her children on her own.妈妈乍一下只得独自一人担当养育我们的重担。She always found time to write us encouraging notes to put into our lunch boxes or leave on our dreers----but never enough time to write her stories.她总是挤出时间写些鼓励我们信扎，放在我们的午餐盒上，或梳妆台上---但她做从来没有时间来写她的小说。

As we children grew up and began to leave home, Mama would have enough time to write.但我们都长大离家了，妈妈总该有时间来写作了吧。But something would

always come up 但事情总是接着来。--- Mama’s brother was in a serious car accident, my sister needed help with her baby.---舅舅遭遇严重的车祸，姐姐又需要人照顾她的宝宝。

Now I reached down into the case and picked up the acceptance box.我伸手从箱子中拿出了妈妈的收信匣。To my surprise, the contents were appreciative letters from

my sister, brother and some other people who were encouraged by my mother’s notes and letters.我感到吃惊的是，里面全是些感谢信。我们兄弟，姊妹和其他的人因受到妈妈的信扎的鼓励而写给妈妈的感谢信。

16.Did mother send her article anywhere?(No, mother didn’t finish her article.)

17.Why was mother suddenly solely responsible for supporting her family?( Because father died.)

18.Why did mother not have enough time to write her stories?( Because mother was always busy looking after the children after Dad died.) 19.What were left in mother’s acceptance box?( Letters from some people who appreciated my mother’s help.)

20.Why did the author say “Mama did fulfill her dream.Mama was a writer.”( Because mother helped and encouraged many people by writing.)Two

Eyes Can Speak 眼睛会说话

Much meaning can be conveyed（传递） clearly by our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.许多意思都能明确地通过眼睛传递，所以人们常说，“眼睛会

说话。”

Have you had such an experience? 你有过这样的经历吗？ On a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long.在公共汽车上，你也许会看着一个陌生人，

但看他（她）的时间不会太长。If he senses that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.如果他（她）意识到你在盯着他（她），他（她）就会感到不自在。

The same is true in daily life.在我们日常生活中也是如此。If you are looked at for longer than neceary, 如果其他人无缘无故的瞧着你很长的时间，you will look

yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you.你就会上下打量自己，看有无什么差错。If nothing is wrong, you will feel angry toward the person staring at you that way.如没什么不对，对别人这样地盯着你，你会感到恼怒。Eyes do speak, right? 眼睛会说话，不是吗？

Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggreive（攻击性的）太长时间看一个人似乎是或粗鲁或有挑衅性的。But things are different when it comes

to looking at the opposite sex.但如果被盯着的是个异性，则不是这样了。If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to avert（移开）his gaze, 如果一个人男人看着一个陌生女人十几秒钟都不愿把目光移开，his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her.他的企图是很明显的，即：他想吸引该女士的注意力，以让她知道他很敬仰她。

However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, 然而在两个人交谈时一般

的目光接触只是说话方时时看着听话方，in order to make sure that the listener is paying attention to what is being said.以使自己确信听话的人在注意听他讲话。As for the listener, he will, to a certain extent, look continuously at the speaker to show him that he is attentive.而听话方呢，他也会不断地看着讲话的人以表明他在注意听。

If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he is trying to dominate（支配）you, you will feel uncomfortable.在交谈时如讲话方一直不停地看着你，

好像他处于一种主动支配地位似的，你也会感到不舒服。

In fact, continuous eye contact is confined（限于„范围）to lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, to show affection that words

cannot expre.实际上长时间地目光直视对方常局限于恋人之间，恋人们将会长时间地相互看着，以表达他们间无法用语言表达的感情。

Evidently, eye contact should be made according to the relationship between the two people and the specific situation.很明显，目光盯着别人是好与否，要根据量之

间的关系及具体的情况而定。

1）According to this paage, a stranger in a bus may feel uncomfortable because（he is being stared at for several minutes） 2）Looking too long at someone seems to be（rude and aggreive）

3）If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds continuously, that means he wishes to （attract her attention）

4）If two persons enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, the relationship between them must be（lovers）

5）According to the paage, which of the following statements is true?（Eye contact should be made according to different relationships and situations.）

Three

Study: Being Fit May Outweigh Being Fat 研究表明身体超重也会健康

If you are over 60, go and take a hike or at least a leisurely walk on a regular basis.如果你已60多岁了，走出去远足旅行，至少有规律地慢步散步。It may help you

live a few more years, even if you are a bit or even much overweight.即使你稍微甚至很超重，这也许会使你多活好多年.Says a study out Wednesday.星期三发表的研究报告称。

This adds to the evidence that there are benefits to being fit even if you’re a little too fat.这也给如此说法提供了证据：即使身体超重锻炼也会有好处的。 “You can’t tell just by looking at someone if they are fit,” says Steven Blair, a profeor in the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina.“我

们不能只凭看外表就判断一个人是否健康。”南卡罗尼拉达大学公共卫生中心的教授史迪文布莱尔说。“You can certainly be fat, even much overweight, and still be fit.” “你可能发胖，甚至很超重，但你仍然是健康的。”

Blair and colleagues studied the aerobic（有氧的） of 2,603 adults, aged 60 and older, and followed

them for 12 years.During that time, there were 450 deaths.布莱尔及其同事就2,063个60及60以上的成年人的有氧运动健康指数，腰围进行过测定。并且跟踪观测了12年，其中450人已去世。

Blair says people who are inactive can get themselves out of “the dangerous low-fit cla” by doing 30 minutes of moderate（适度的）activity, such as walking, at least

five days a week.布莱尔称，那些不爱活动的人如每周至少五天每天30分钟进行适度的活动，比如像步行，也能使自己脱离“危险的不健康群体。”

To be in the highest fitne cla, they probably need to be doing 45 minutes or more of moderate activity five days, 对高度健康的群体的人们，他们需要每周五天，

每天45分钟进行适度的活动，and some of that time should include vigorous（激烈的）activity, he says.并且在这段时间内，有时还应进行激烈的活动。

Timothy Church, director of preventive medicine research at Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, says, “This study provides more evidence that a

key to healthy aging is being physically active, and it’s important at any weight.”迪默斯·恰尔奇，巴吞鲁奇预防医疗中心教授说，“该研究提供了更多的证据，即：高龄人的健康关键是身体要活动---无论体重如何，都很重要。”

1）According to the study, why should people over 60 go and take a hike or at least a leisurely walk on a regular basis? （Because it may help them live longer） 2）Which of the following statements if NOT true? （We can judge whether some one if fit or not by his/her weight） 3）Blair and colleagues studied the following of the 2,063 adults EXCEPT their _____（blood preure）

4）How can inactive people get into the highest fitne cla according to Blair? （By doing 45 minutes or more of moderate activity five days a week.） 5）What if the significance of this study according to Timothy Church? （It provides more evidence to a key to .healthy aging）

Four How poor Are We?

One day a father and his rich family took his son on a trip to the country with the firm purpose of showing him how poor people can be.一天，为了让儿子看看乡下的人们有多穷的，一个有钱的父亲及家人带着儿子去了乡下，They spent a day and a night in the farm of a very poor family.他们在乡下一家很穷的农家呆了一天一宿。 When they got back from their trip the father asked his son, “How was the trip?” 次日回到家里后，父亲问儿子，“这次到乡下去有何感受？”

“Very good Dad!” replied his son.“太好了，爸爸。”儿子回答道。

“Did you see how poor people can be?” the father asked.“你明白了人们多穷吗？”父亲问。

“Yeah!” “是的”

“And what did you learn?” “你知道些什么呢？”

The son answered, “I saw that we have a dog at home, and they have four.“我看见了他们家养着四条狗，而咱家却只有一条。 We have a pool that reaches to the middle of the garden; they have a river that has no end.我看见他们家有一条河，并看不到尽头，我们家的小小的池塘，并且还占到了花园的中央。We have imported lamps in the garden; they have the stars.我们家花园里只有进口的灯，而他们家去有许多的星星 Our garden reaches to the front yard, they have a whole horizon.”我们家的花园都抵到前院，而他们家却拥有平坦的大地。 When the little boy finished, his father was speechle.儿了说完，当爹的无言以对。

His son added, “Thanks Dad for showing me how poor we are!”儿子还补充了一句，“谢谢爸爸让我明白了我们家有多穷。” Our outlook on life depends on the way we look at things.我们对生活的观念决定了我们看待事物的态度。

The most important things in life are your friends, family, health, good humor and a positive attitude towards life.If you have these, then you have everything! 生活中最重要的事情是你的朋友，家人，健康，机智的幽默感以及对生活的积极态度。有拥有了这些，你就拥有了一切。

1）The father took his son to the country because he wanted to（show his son how poor people can be） 2）Where did they spend their day and night?（In the farm of a very poor family.） 3）When the little boy finished, his father was_______（wordle） 4）Our outlook on life depends on the way_______（we look at things） 5）The most important things in life are the following EXCEPT_____（money）Five

Looking back into my childhood, my fondest memories of reading were those moments of half-burying myself underneath a blanket, reading with a flashlight（手电

筒）。回忆童年时阅读的事，我最有趣的记忆是在床上，身子埋在毛毯里打着手电筒读书。Our parents tucked us in（安顿我们睡觉）and the lights were turned off .父母安顿好我们上睡觉关上离去后.Then it was the time when the flashlight would turn on just after I heard mom and dad’s light shut off.只要听见他们屋里的灯关上，便是我们打开手电筒开始读书的时间了。

Bedtime always seemed to come when I was at the climax（高潮）of the story, or right at the end.那时好像总是在睡觉的时刻故事读到了高潮或结尾处。I couldn’t

tell you how many times I have begged my parents to let me stay up, 我正无法告诉你有多少次我央求爸妈让我熬一点夜把事故最精彩处或结尾处读完。 “just till I finish this chapter”.“就让我读完这一章嘛。”They would usually roll their eyes and not let me stay up.他们眼里总是流露出否定的表情，不准我继续读下去。

My mother used to read to me from exciting books.妈妈常常给我们读写很精彩的书。She would always make it sound so interesting, so we wouldn’t want that time

to ever end.她总是让他读的故事听起来很有趣。所以当妈妈给我们读书时，我们真不想她结束。But the thing was, she would only read one chapter a day.而事实上她每天就只读一章。 Finally, when we got tired of that, we would find out where the book was hidden, and read if for ourselves.我们对妈妈的这种做法感到烦恼时，我们就想法找到她藏书的地方，拿起书自己读起来。

Books have always seemed to have an magical（有魔力的）quality where you can got caught up into the story and see yourself there, while the scenes are unfolding

before you.书籍，好像总是有近似于魔力的内涵。你本人也会被带到故事里，而在你的面前，故事里的画卷（情景）决不会卷起。Books will take you to places you will never be able to visit, 书籍能使你结识新朋友，体验新事物。I can’t tell you how many times a book has been an escape for me, some place away from the hustle and bustle（喧器）of today’s busy world.我真对你说不清，书籍有多少次使我摆脱了在这个忙碌无序的世界里的喧器和奔忙。

1）What was the fondest memory in the author’s childhood? （Reading underneath a blanket, with a flashlight.） 2）At bedtime, what did the author beg her parents for? （Letting her stay up to finish her reading）

3）What disappointed the author when her mother read stories to her? （Her mother would only read one chapter a day）

4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the paage? （The author used to ask for the book because her mother didn’t finish the stories.） 5）What magical quality do books have according to the paage? （All of the above）

Six

Many people think that when they become rich and succeful, happine will naturally follow.许多我认为当他们发了财，事业有成了，幸福就自然而然跟着来了。

Let me tell you that nothing is further from the truth.让我告诉你并不是这样。The world is full of very rich people who are as miserable as if they were living in hell.世界上有钱的人比比皆是。而他们之悲惨犹如生活在地狱里。We have read stories about movie stars who committed suicide or a died from drugs.我们读到过关于电影明星自杀，吸毒而死的故事。Quite clearly, money is not the only solution to all problems.非常明显，金钱并不能解决一切问题。

Wealth obtained through dishonest means does not bring happine.靠不诚信的手段获得的金钱并不能带来幸福，快乐。Lottery winnings do not bring happine.彩

票的赢钱也不会给我们带来幸福快乐。Gambling winnings do not bring happine.赌博的赢头也如此。To my mind, the secret to happine lies in your succeful work, 在我看来幸福的秘密在于：你事业成功，in your contribution towards others’ happine and in your wealth you have earned through your own honest effort.在于你对他人的贡献，在于你通过诚实劳动所创造的财富。If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means, you will know that it is ill-earned money.假如你通过不诚信的方式，或靠碰运气赚了钱，这是不正当的钱.If you get you money by taking advantage of others or by hurting others, you will not be happy with it.假如你利用别人或伤害别人而赚钱。这钱对你并不意味着快乐。You will think you are a base（卑鄙的）person.你会觉得自己是一个卑鄙的人。

Long-term happine is based on honesty, productive work, contribution and self-esteem.长久的幸福是建立在诚实，创造性的工作，贡献和自尊。Happine is not

an end; 幸福不是终点。it is a proce.它是一个过程。 It is a continuous proce of honest, 它是一个持续的过程，productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful, worthy person.诚实，创造性的工作为他人做贡献的，让你感觉你是一个有用的，有价值的人。

1）What can you infer from the paage?（Some rich people are not so happy as we thought.） 2）What is the secret to happine according to the author?（Your own effort.）

3）Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to long-term happine?（Earning money） 下列哪一项不是造成长期幸福的因素赚钱的

4）When will you NOT be happy according to the paage?（When you get your money by bringing harm to others.） 5）What is the main idea of paage?（Happine depends on our continuous effort.）

听力填空（填空题） One

How the states in the U.S.Got Their Names

People who visit the United States sometimes wonder how the states got their names.Some of the most 1) interesting names came from American Indian languages.For

example, Illinois was named for the 2) Indians.In their language, Illinois means “Brave Men”.Connecticut means “At the Long River Mouth” in the language of the Indians who 3) used to live there.

Twenty-five of the states have Indian names, but other names were 4) taken from different languages.Georgia and Pennsylvania have names which \\were taken from the

Latin language.Florida and Colorado were named by Spanish people.States like New Hampshire and New Jersey were named for places in 5) England.

The two 6) newest states have names, which did not come from any of those languages.Hawaii got its name from a word in the Hawaiian language.Alaska was named

by the Ruians, which means 7) “homeland”.From whom Alaska was 8) bought in 1867.Two

Where Do Dreams Come From

Do you often dream at night? Most people do.When they 1) wake in the morning they say to themselves, “What a strange dream I had! 2) Wonder what made me dream

that.”

Sometimes, dreams are frightening.Terrible things threaten and 3) run after us, we can’t break away from them.Sometimes, in dreams wishes 4) come true.We can fly

through the air or float from the tops of mountains.At other times, we have 5) trouble in dream.We are lost and cannot find our way home.

In dreams we 6) act very strangely.We do things which we would never do when we are 7) awake.We think and say things we would never think and say.Why are

dreams so strange? Where do dreams 8) come from?Three

How to communicate with younger people? Here are some 1) tips.

Don’t make a young person feel that he or she is, young or 2) stupid, Instead, try to pay attention to what the person is saying and 3) respect what’s on his or her mind.

Try to answer any questions as well as you can.

Sometimes, it is hard trying to be a 4) parent and friend to your child at the same time.It is very important to first be a parent, but that doesn’t mean that you can’t listen

like a friend.

If you want to 5) spend some time with your son or daughter, niece or nephew, simply ask what they might 6) enjoy doing together.You may want to 7) suggest going to

see a movie that may be interesting to both of you, or going to the park, taking a bike ride, having a picnic lunch, etc.Younger people love going to game rooms, but do you? Try to pick something that both of you will be 8) relaxed doing and enjoy together.Four Walking

“Health, like life, is a journey.All you have to do is take the first 1) step.It is well-known that walking is one of the best forms of 2) exercise to help you get and stay fit.

A great number of studies have proven that walking can 3) improve your health by conditioning（调节） your heart and lungs, improving your circulation（循环）, and making your—bones 4) stronger.Besides all the health 5) benefits, walking helps you keep fit, 6) reduce preure, and is suitable for all 7) ages.If you’re ready to stride（迈大步走）forward into better health and fitne, choose one of the walking 8) programs and step out.

对话问答（选择题） One

（1）M: Good morning.I’d like to speak to Mr.Green, please.

W: My dad is not here.I can give you his busine number if you’d like to call him at work.Q: Where is Mr.Green now?(At work)

（2）M: Well now, before we order, should we agree on how we will pay our bill?

W: All right.

Q: Where are the two speakers? (In a restaurant)

（3）M: I wish the bus would come.It’s so cold.Look at the snow.

W: And the wind is biting into my skin like a mad dog.Q: Where are the two speakers? (At a bus stop )

（4）M: Excuse me, Sir.I have just come from China, and I’ve never used a Western Library before.I wonder if you could show me around here.W: I’d like to do that, but I’m very busy now.Could you come back at about 3:30?Q: Where does the conversation probably take place? (In a library) （5）M: Doesn’t this elevator stop on the fifth floor?

W: No, it only stops on the even ones.You can go to the next floor, the sixth floor and then walk down.Q: Where are the two speakers? (In a elevator)

（6）M: Hi, Jerry.This is Lily speaking.There is a law office that’s very interested in you.Can you go for an interview tomorrow? W: Tomorrow? I’ve got to be at college all day tomorrow.How about Wednesday? Q: Where will the man be tomorrow? (At college)

（7）M: Excuse me, Sir.Visiting hours are over now.I’m afraid you must leave.Your father is tired.

W: I’m sorry, nurse.I didn’t hear the bell.I’m leaving right now.Q: Where are the two speakers? (In a hospital)

（8）M: Kate, look! The paengers are coming off the plane, and there is Susan.

W: Which one? Do you mean the tall one with the blue suitcase? Q: Where does the conversation take place? (At an airport) （9）M: Have you decided where you are going to live when you retire?

W: I would like to live in the country, but my life wants to live in the suburbs near our children.Q: where does the man want to live? (In the country)

（10）M: We have a wide selection of alarm clocks.What did you have in mind?

W: I would like one that will waken me with soft music.

Q: Where does the conversation most likely take place? (In a department store)

Two

（1）M: How long will if take you to fix my watch?

W: I’ll call you when it is ready, but if shouldn’t take longer than a week.

Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers? (Customer and repairman) （2）M: Go to bed early and get some rest, Jack.

W: But I have to study.We are going to have a history test tomorrow morning.Q: What does Jack do? (He is a student)

（3）M: Is Aunt Margaret in? I’ve got something important to tell her.

W: Sorry, Mom has gone shopping.She won’t be back until noon.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers? (Cousins)

（4）M: Mr.Smith I’d like to talk to you about my term paper.When will it be convenient?

W: What about 4 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? Q: What is the man? (He is a teacher)

（5）M: I don’t have an appointment, but could I see Mr.Wang for Just a few minutes?

W: I’m very sorry, but he meets people only by appointment.Q: Who is the woman probably? (Mr.Wang’s secretary) （6）M: I heard you got full marks in the math exam.Congratulations!

W: Thanks! I’m sure you also did a good job.

Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers? (A student and his clamate) （7）M: Excuse me, Madam.Does this bus go to Zhongshan Road?

W: Yes, I think so.M: Thank you.W: You’re welcome.

Q: What is the relationship between the speakers? (They’re strangers) （8）M: I think I’m running a temperature.I fell terrible.

W: Well, I’d better examine you right now.Would you take off your overcoat, please? Q: What is the probable relationship between the woman and the man? (Doctor and patient)

（9）M: Honey! We must hurry or we will be late for the party.

W: My dear, I don’t know where my ring is.I should wear it to the party.

Q: What is the probable relationship between the man and the woman? (Husband and wife) （10）M: Have you got a table for two?

W: Yes, Madam.This way, please.

Q: What is the most likely relationship between the speakers? (Waiter and customer)

Three

（1）M: What will you do tomorrow?

W: I’ll do some shopping before I visit my friend.

Q: What will the man do first tomorrow? (Do some shopping) （2）M: Hello, Jane.Can you and Tom come to dinner tomorrow evening?

W: I think so.I don’t think we’re going out.

Q: How does the woman respond? (She agrees to go to dinner) （3）M: Are you coming with me to the museum?

W: I already have my hands full with this report.

Q: What does the man mean? (He is too busy to go along.) （4）M: How about going to see a movie this evening?

W: I’ve caught a bad cold.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation? (The woman will take a rest) （5）M: Will you attend the dinner party on Sunday?

W: I didn’t plan to because I have so much work to do, but on second thoughts, I changed my mind.Q: What will the man do on Sunday? (He will attend the dinner party.)

（6）M: Mike, will you go dancing with me tomorrow night? We need to relax after a week of study.

W: I will do anything but that.

Q: What does the man mean? (He doesn’t like dancing at all)

（7）M: I have to go to cla because I have a test, but if I could, I’d go with you to the movie.

W: That’s too bad.I wish you could come along.Q: Where is the man going? (To cla) （8）M: What are you doing this evening, Emma?

W: I’m going to the cinema with my friend.I want to see a film that I’ve heard a lot about.Q: What is Emma going to do this evening? (She is going to see a movie) （9）M: Are you going to enjoy the concert with me?

W: I’d love to, but there is an exam tomorrow morning.Q: What will the woman do? (To prepare the exam)

（10）M: Are you going to Canada or Mexico during your winter vacation?

W: Well, I don’t like cold weather at all, and Canada is freezing in the winter time.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation? (The man will probably not go to Canada for his vacation)

词汇（填空题）

1） I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.

2） His girlfriend lives in London and I’m sure that was a factor in his decision to move there.3） Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about? 4） He has a very positive attitude about life.

5） Like his father, Tommy chose a career in the Army.

6） The death of his parents had a very serious and long-lasting effect on him.7） Her former husband now lives in Houston.

8） At the height of her career, she ranked second in the world.9） I didn’t think my chances of succe were very good.

10）Athletes from 197 countries compete in the Olympic Games in Atlanta.11）The headmaster handled the situation very well.

12）I don’t want to become a burden to my children when I’m old.13）Are you capable of climbing that tree? 14）I like the challenge of learning new things.15）Our car broke down on the highway.

16）He couldn’t afford the money to go on the trip.17）There are three dining halls on campus.

18）I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.19）Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.

20）A good leader has to be able to identify problems and come up with solutions.21）If you go on like this you’ll end up in prison.22）The temperature went up to 35℃.

23）On average, men are taller than women by several inches.24）My salary is paid directly into my bank account.

25）He has decided to give up racing and devote all his time to his farm in Ireland.

26）By the late 1950s scientists had already accumulated enough evidence to show a clear link between smoking and cancer.27）We strongly believe that education is the most important iue facing the government.28）He broke the law, and now he must face the consequences of his actions.29）Let’s take a taxi, and never mind the expense.

30）The police say there is a $50,000 reward for any information that help them find the killer.

根据中文译句

1）Do your parents mind you leaving home?（介意你离家）

2）Would you mind my closing the window?（介意我关上窗户） 3）Do you mind my (me ) smoking here?（介意我在这儿抽烟）

4）I’m sure he wouldn’t mind you’re your going with us?（介意你同我们一起去） 5）Would you mind making some room for the patient?（介意给这位病人让点地方） 6）We went out in spite of the rain.（尽管下雨）

7）Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much.（尽管他酗酒） 8）In spite of her succe（尽管她成功）, Spencer continued to get depreed.

9）In spite of all these problems（尽管有这样一些问题）, real efforts and progre are being made.10）In spite of his old age（尽管他年事已高）, he still leads an active life.11）She had all her money stolen.（所有的钱被偷了）

12）They are going to have their house painted.（把房子粉刷一下） 13）Tom had his leg broken（把腿摔断了） in a football match yesterday.14）They have had their request refused.（请求遭到拒绝）

15）I’m sorry.My car is not available.I’m having it repaired.（我的汽车正在修理）

推荐第2篇：考试英语作文

Dear Mary,

I hope you would come to visit China soon.The differences between good manners in China and in the West are sometimes great.Chinese people attach importance to good manners.There is no doubt that you should absorb some Chinese culture and know something about good manners in China.

The first I want to tell you is greeting.When you meet someone,you are supposed to stop and nod your head.You must shake your hands and smile all the time.

There are some differences between tipping systems in China and in the West .It’s unneceary to pay tips in China.You don\'t need to get confused.

Talking of table manners,you should say thanks if the host and hoste invite you to the dinners.Becouse of their hospitality,you had better tell them you really can’t eat more when you are full.

In my point of view,if you show your understand and respect,everyone will treat you as their old friends!

Yours,Li Ming

推荐第3篇：英语资格证书考试

1.全国翻译资格水平考试CATTI 人事部与职称评定有关

2.全国外语翻译证书考试NAETI 教育部和北外

从2010年起全国外语翻译证书考试时间由原来的5月和10月的第四个周末调整到5月和11月的第二个周末。2010年的考试时间定为，第一次考试：5月8日和9日，5月8日开考英语一级、二级、三级和四级的笔译，英语四级的口译；日语一级、二级和三级的笔译。5月9日开考英语一级、二级和三级的口译；日语一级、二级和三级的口译。第二次考试：11月13日和14日，11月13日开考英语二级、三级、四级的笔译和英语四级的口译，11月14日开考英语二级和三级的口译。

网上报名时间。第一次考试，网上报名时间：3月1日至28日，考点确认时间：3月25日至3月31日。第二次考试，网上报名时间：8月1日至9月15日，考点确认时间：9月15日至21日。

3.全国英语等级考试 PETS

国英语等级考试（Public English Test System, 简称PETS）是教育部考试中心负责设计并实施的全国性英语水平考试体系。应试者不分年龄、学历、户籍等背景，只要具备一定的英语基础，均可选择适合自己的级别。PETS共有五个级别，各级别都十分重视对考生实际的语言交际能力的考查，均包括笔试和口试两个相对独立的部分。考生可以根据自己的需要分别报考笔试或口试。单项合格者可得到相应的单项合格证书；笔试和口试均合格者，方可获得教育部考试中心颁发的相应级别的合格证书。

PETS-1～4级的考试报名和组织工作由各省省级考试承办机构负责。考试时间为：每年3月开考PETS-1（B）、

1、

2、3级，每年9月开考

1、

2、

3、4级。

4.上海外语口译资格证书

《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》培训与考试项目是中共上海市委组织部、上海市人事局、上海市教育委员会、上海市成人教育委员会等政府部门共同设立的上海市紧缺人才培训工程的高层项目之一。上海市高校浦东继续教育中心接受委托，负责该项目的全部设计、开发、组织培训和考试等工作。由于项目定位正确、质量高、要求严、师资优秀、发展快，赢得了社会较高的信任度，被媒体和社会广大考生称为“求职通行证”、“黄金证书”、“白金证书”等。

（一）英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试

本项目是英语口译岗位资格证书考试项目中的高层次项目，具有大学英语六级和同等英语能力水平的考生可以报考。通过该项目的培训和考试，为国家机关、企事业、公司和涉外单位造就一批能胜任各类涉外项目谈判、高层次会晤、新闻发布会、记者招待会以及国际研讨会的翻译，并为同声翻译人才的培养打好基础。考试形式：以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、译（笔译、口译）等四个方面对考生的语言运用能力进行全面测试。考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合、单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方式。如在第一阶段笔试中，客观试题约占笔试试卷总分的25%，主观试题约占笔试试卷总分的75%。本考试分为两个阶段：

第一阶段综合笔试共分六部分。第一部分：听力；第二部分：阅读（1）；第三部分：翻译（英译汉）；第四部分：听译；第五部分：阅读（2）；第六部分：翻译（汉译英）。每部分考试时间为30分钟，总考试时间为180分钟，中间（即第三部分结束后）休息10分钟。每部分考分分配为50分，六部分总分300分，合格分为180分，第一阶段考试合格的学生方可参加第二阶段的口试。

第二阶段口试共分两部分：口语与口译。考试时间共为25分钟左右。口语部分要求考生就指定题目作五分钟左右的命题发言。考生拿到口语试题后约有五分钟的准备时间。口译分英译汉和汉译英两部分。每部分均要求翻译主题各不相同的两个段落。考生只有在通过笔试和口试两个阶段以后才能获得《上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书》。

考试指定培训教材：

《高级听力教程》（第二版，周国强、杨永平编著，含二盒9盘音带） 《高级阅读教程》（第二版，陈德民编著）

《高级翻译教程》（第二版，孙万彪、王恩铭编著）

《高级口语教程》（第二版，严诚忠、戚之方编著）

《高级口译教程》（第二版，梅德明编著，含2盒共7盘音带）

该套高级口译教程的主编为孙万彪，编委为周国强、严诚忠、梅德明、陈德民。由上海外语教育出版社出版，公开发行。

（二）英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试

具有大学英语四级和同等英语能力水平的考生可以报考。凡获得“上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书”者均具有良好的口语水平和基本口译技能，可从事一般的生活翻译、陪同翻译、涉外导游以及外事接待、外贸业务洽谈等工作。

考试形式：根据口译特点，以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、译（笔译、口译）等四个方面对考生的语言运用能力进行全面测试。考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方式，如在第一阶段笔试中，客观试题约占笔试试卷总分的35%，主观试题约占笔试试卷总分的65%。

本考试分两个阶段：

第一阶段综合笔试共分四部分。第一部分：听力；第二部分：阅读技能；第

三部分：英译汉；第四部分：汉译英。总考试时间为150分钟，其中听力部分为40分钟，阅读技能部分为50分钟，英译汉部分为30分钟，汉译英部分为30分钟。四部分总考分（满分）为250分。其中：听力90分，阅读60分，双译各50分。合格为150分。凡第一阶段合格的考生方可参加第二阶段口试。

第二阶段口试共分两部分：口语与口译。考试时间为25分钟左右。口语部分要求考生就指定题目作五分钟左右的命题发言。考生拿到口语试题后约有五分钟的准备时间。口译分英译汉和汉译英两部分。每部分均要求翻译主题各不相同的两个段落。考生只有在通过笔试和口试两个阶段以后才能获得《上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书》。

考试的指定培训教材：

《中级听力教程》（周国强编著，含音带9盘）

《中级阅读教程》（陈汉生编著）

《中级翻译教程》（孙万彪、冯慎宇编著）

《中级口语教程》（严诚忠、朱妙南编著）

《中级口译教程》（梅德明编著，含音带6盘）

该套“英语中级口译岗位资格证书”培训教材由孙万彪任主编，编委有周国强、严诚忠、梅德明、陈汉生，由上海外语教育出版社出版，公开发行。

（三）英语口译基础能力证书考试

为提高考生英语口译能力而开发的配套新项目，也是为达到英语中高级口译岗位资格证书考试的要求增加一个台阶。

该项目的主要对象是具有高中英语以上水平、但与英语中级口译要求有一定距离者。比较适合大学低年级学生、高职校学生、高中生、三校生和具有高中英语以上水平的其他人员报考。

该项目2002年10月进行了试点考试。2003年始全面推开，每年4月中旬和10月中旬举行考试。考试分为笔试和口试两部分。笔试以听力为主，包括听写、听力理解和听译，考试时间45分钟；口试包括口语和口译两部分，共25分钟，笔试加口试总共考试时间为70分钟，一天内完成。笔试和口试的考分分别为100分，两项总和满分为200分，合格为120分。合格者可获得由上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试委员会印制的“上海市英语口译基础能力考试合格证书”。

考试的指定培训教材：

《听力教程》以齐伟钧主编的《中级英语听力教程》为代用教材，由上海海文音像出版社出版

《口语教程》（试用本）由英语口译基础能力证书教材编写组编著

《口译教程》（试用本）由英语口译基础能力证书教材编写组编著

《口语教程》（试用本）、《口译教程》（试用本）由上海外国语大学成教院教材科内部发行

（四）日语口译岗位资格证书考试

具有相当日本语能力考试二级水平的考生可以报考。

凡获得《上海市日语口译岗位资格证书》者具有良好的日语口语水平和基本口译技能，可从事一般的生活翻译、陪同翻译、涉外导游以及外事接待、外贸业务洽谈等工作。

考试形式：以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、写、译（笔译、口译）五个方面对考生语言应用能力进行全面测试。考试采取单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的形式。

本考试分为两阶段：

第一阶段综合笔试。分为四部分：第一部分听力，40分钟；第二部分日语阅读技能，50分钟；第三部分日译汉，30分钟；第四部分汉译日，30分钟。四部分共需时150分钟，考分满分为200分。合格120分。

第二阶段口试，包括口语和口译两部分。考试时间20分钟左右。 考试指定培训教材：

《听力教程》陆静华编著

《阅读教程》周道宏、瞿晓华编著

《翻译教程》张鸿成编著

《口语教程》陆国华、黄秋萍编著

《口译教程》钱力奋编著

以上教材由上海外语教育出版社出版。

推荐第4篇：英语四级考试

首先是要切忌单纯地背单词。往往在四级考试之前，许多同学会日日夜夜捧着一本词汇手册猛背，争取要在最后的时间中记住更多的单词。其实这是一个误区。背单词增大词汇量是件好事，但单纯得记单词就不可取了。俗话说，词不离句。意思就是说要把单词放到句子中去理解、去分析。一个单词特别是动词只有在句子中才能显示其正确的用法，而只有懂得明白了一个单词的真正用法才算对其有了掌握。若是脱离句子、脱离词组而单纯地去记一个单词的中文和拼写，往往只会是事半功倍。所以与其日日夜夜记一些很生僻的单词，不如多记一些常用的词组及句型。在词组和句子中对单词各个击破。另外记单词还要有联系地去记，而不能孤立地去记。比如，记一个单词要同时联想到它的同义词，近义词和反义词，每每记一个单词时都将这一系列与其有关的单词在脑海中过一遍，这样词汇量就会像滚雪球那样越来越大，且不容易前记后忘。

再有，要在最后的时间段里进行广泛地阅读，不断提高阅读的速度、技巧和效率，熟练掌握阅读科学的方法。纵所周知，阅读是四级考试中所占比例最大的一部分，那么我们该怎样将其把握好呢？这就需要我们平时进行广泛地阅读，坚持阅读，在不断的阅读过程中掌握一定的方法。阅读的内容可广泛地涉及到时事，科技，文化，风土人情等。具体阅读的方法在很多相关的辅导书上都有介绍，在此不再赘述。总之，英语阅读很重要，广大 同学要予以足够的重视。

再有，英语作文也是四级考试中很重要的一部分，而要提高这一部分的分值唯一的方法就是多写多练笔。笔者建议广大同学可以在最后的复习阶段做到每天写一篇，写作的内容可以是近期的热门话题。在写作的过程中发现不足，不断改进。

还有很重要的一点就是要坚持朗读。其实朗读带给我们的帮助不仅仅是提高语感，增强口语。还有就是它同样可以帮助我们提高听力。边读边听，听读结合就能收到单纯地练习听力所得不到的效果。

最后谈谈参考书的问题。现在市场上的英语四级辅导书可谓良莠不齐，若是选书不当，往往会起到相反的效果，误人子弟。笔者不太建议广大同学做太多的习题，买太多的辅导书，只需在考前有选择性地做几套历年的试题作为热身即可。因为历年的试题有其他模拟题所没有的规范性和权威性。

总之，掌握良好的复习方法，怀着一种平和的心态去参加考试，就一定能顺利地通过英语四级考试

推荐第5篇：英语四级考试

无须复习，只要十天英语四级就能过！！！方法让你喷血！！牛人总结英语四级考试经验：

无须复习，只要十天英语四级就能过！！！方法让你喷血！！ 怕以后找不到!!! 无须复习，只要十天英语四级就能过！！！方法让你喷血！！ 怕以后找不到!!!

一、听力，有三种题型，dialogue(十个对话)，paage(三个短文)，compound dictation(复合式听写，也就是传说中的段子题)，第一种每年必考，后两种逐年交替，其中考paage的次数相对较多。

最容易得分的是dialogue和paage，只要记住一个超级技巧即可：对话所述事情总是向不好的方面发展。举几个例子：比如对话里问教授的讲座lecture难不难，记住一定难，老师的作业aignment多不多，一定多，男士发出的邀请，女士会答应吗，永远不会，永远是一个傻哥们发出邀请，邀请的对象是Mary，问我们游泳好吗，滑冰好吗，跳舞好吗，吃饭好吗，Mary的回答永远是，我非常的想去，but不去，四级考了十几年了，Mary从来没有去过，今年照样不会。所以大家记住，只要是对话，必然会发生意外的事情，再举个例子，两个选项，A火车准时，B火车晚点如果你是出题老师，你怎么设置对话，当然是晚点了，准时有什么好说的，总不能两个神经病，或者是两人刚谈恋爱，来到车站，没话找话，男的说，哇，火车准时了，女的说，咿！还真准时了耶！所以准时是不可能的，不好的事情一般都是最后的答案！对于compound dictation，上学期偶运气好没有考这个，但是偶觉得这种题确实比较难，只能竖直耳朵专心听了，即使听不懂，也要根据上下文瞎猜一个，空着肯定没分，瞎猜说不定老师看错了还会给你一分！

我想补充的是，千万不要听历年真题，不管是磁带还是MP3，这些只会让你觉得更烦，偶当时就只是在偶mp3里面存了一些BACK STREET BOY的as long as you love me，I PROMISE YOU 等和Mariah carey的Always Be My Baby等等，当偶困了的时候就在自习室里假寐一会儿，听歌养神！

二、阅读，这是我们应考的重点，阅读题得分的高低直接影响到你是否能过，在这里我针对每种题型谈一谈:

㈠ 事实细节题，据偶的观察，每年必考地方是列举处，即有first，sceond，in addition……的地方，还有举例与打比方的地方，即有as，such ，for instance等出现的地方，有几个应考规律，大家记住:

1)选项中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案，而同义词替换的是正确答案，

2)选项中表达意义较具体，也就是句子较长的一般不是答案而概括性的，抽象的是答案，

3)选项中有绝对语气词的比如must，never，merely等不是答案而有不十分肯定语气词的是正确答案，比如could，might，poible等。

㈡ 词义及语义判断题，常考有指代上下问语义功能的名词和一词多义的词组，另外复杂句由于其句子之间的关系复杂，也常成为考查理解能力的一种手段，大家只要记住一个规律即可，那就是选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案

㈢ 推理判断题，有如下几个技巧:

1)若要求对某段内容进行推论，那么就只看题干要求作答的那一段，

2)选项中采用试探性，不十分绝对语气词的比如tend to ，offten等一般是答案，

3)符合常识逻辑的一般是答案，比方说为什么中国比较穷，是因为人口众多，为什么美国人很胖，是因为他们吃的肯德基，麦当劳太多了。

㈣ 主旨大意题和观点态度题，这两种相对都比较难，大家的得分都不是很高，所以即使你做的不好也别太介意。这两道题，偶当时是在十分紧迫的情况下，只读了首尾段，然后迅速选择的，其实最后效果还不错，阅读考了二百多分！

三、词汇

对于这种题，当你看到偶的博客以后，回去赶紧扔掉那些什么词汇串联记忆，星火记忆，黑白记忆，什么家谱式记忆，连环记忆……之类的书吧，或者送人，或者保存好，来年卖给不懂事的大一新生们，要不就拿去垫桌角，方方正正的多好啊！偶认为背单词是一种投入和产出极不成比例的做法，极其愚昧和迷信！偶当年是这样做的，考前两天(一定不要太早，否则还会忘掉)，浏览了一下课本后面的四级词组，考试时，只要选项里有出现课本上的单词或词组，那么不要犹豫，选定她！偶还想提醒大家，千万不要在30个词汇题上浪费太多的时间，要知道每个题才0。5分啊，而阅读呢，一个2分，把时间节省出来做阅读吧！偶当时用偶的方法再加上1/4蒙题的概率，最后综合项(包括完形填空)考了一百多分。

四、完形填空题和简短回答题

这两个题也是逐年交替，其中前者出现的机会远远大于后者，如果你遇到的是完形填空题，你应该庆幸，整个四级考试中，数她最简单了，偶当时压根儿就没有看题目一眼，直到考试结束铃响了，偶才开始拿着机读卡瞎蒙，偶当时坐在最后一排，当收卷子的女老师走到偶跟前时，偶还有五道题没有涂卡，偶深情地对她说，天气很热，您也很累了吧，她笑着对偶说，谢谢，还行。在这一瞬间，偶把所有的题都涂完了。大家参加过高考的人都知道，做一个完形填空题花的时间可能超过两道阅读题，但是得分呢？相信大家都心中有数。幸亏四级考试中此题每个才0。5分，即使真正的高手在这个题上也不会超过你五分的，但是花的时间却是你的30倍左右(偶当时做这个题前后大概只用了18秒)。偶一直认为，对于完形填空，命题者的真正意图不是考查你的知识水平，而是考查你是否会合理安排时间！

如果你不幸遇到了简短回答题，说实话，偶也没有好办法，这种题虽说千年难遇一次，但是偶认为这是四级考试中最有水平，最不好应对的题，出题人一定来自天外星球！遇到这种题，如果你有兴趣，那就试一下，如果实在不会做，那么你就认倒霉吧！在大学里有一句话说的好：一生中，谁没有几次踩到大便的时候！

五、写作

偶认为这是最容易应对而且也是最容得分的题！

只需考前花9秒种，即有可能取得9分(满分100分制)以上的好成绩。偶当时只是在开考前熟记了两个比较有难度的经典句型，考试时想办法在在首句和结尾处各用了一个，然后剩余部分，或者自由发挥，或者写几段偶喜欢的英文歌词(注意不是汉语拼音的)，或者写一下李阳疯狂英语里的搞笑句子。

你不要怀疑偶的做法，现在偶给大家分析一下此法可行的原因：判卷时，每个老师桌子上都会有一大叠卷子，远远超过你高考时的复习资料，你想，只要是个人，谁会有耐心仔细看那么多的英语文章，再加上一般判卷发生在大夏天，天气闷热，心情烦躁，每天关在小屋里看偶们这些无聊低级的文章，不许上网，不许QQ，不让开MSN，更不可能写博客，好人也会被折磨疯的。所以他们判卷时，一般只看开头和收尾句，再大体看一下字数够不够，有的正在谈恋爱的老师，心情比较好，还会看有没有错误的单词，为了防止这种情况，我提醒大家，我们的目标不是写一篇惊世骇俗的文章，而是尽量在三十分种内不说一句错话，不写一个错单词。一句话，我们的目标就是——没有蛀牙！！再有，写短文时，最好用黑色钢笔，而不要用其他颜色的，特别是圆珠笔，另外，千万要注意书面整齐，据说，判卷老师大都是近世眼，对于黑色他们更为敏感，更习惯。书写也是，越整洁，他看得越清晰，心情就越好，偶们的分也就越高！偶当时做完此题，共用了八分钟，但是偶的写作成绩却是八十分(满分

710分制)！

一、引出开头

1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）

2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus.==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）

3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）

4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）

5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）

6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……） 7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）

8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）

二、表达不同观点

1：People\'s views on……vary from person to person.Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……） 2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）

3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）

4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）

三、表示结尾

1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）

2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）

3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）

4：Hence/Therefore, we\'d better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）

5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）

6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）

四、提出建议

1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）

2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）

3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is eential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么

事，很重要的是……）

4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）

5：Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）

五、预示后果

1：Obviously，if we don\'t control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）

2：No doubt, unle we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）

3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）

六、表示论证

1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)

2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）

3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）

4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……） 5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）

七、给出原因

1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）

2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……

3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……

4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。

八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法

1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……

2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……

3;It is obvious that……很显然……

4：It may be true that……but it doesn\'t mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着…… 5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn\'t ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……

6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……

九、表示好处和坏处

1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势

2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处

3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处

十、表示重要、方便、可能

1：It is important(neceary/difficult/convenient/poible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是…… 2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施

1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施

2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难

3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……

4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难

十二、显示变化

1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化

2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化

3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…

4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15% 十

三、表明事实现状

1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……

2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……

3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.4:be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）

十四、进行比较

1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……

2;I prefer to readrather than watch TV.十五、常用英语谚语

1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子

3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马

4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半

5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊

6：A mi is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里

7：Failure is the mother of succe.失败是成功之母

8:Industry is the parent of succe.勤奋是成功之母

9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老

10:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量

11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人

推荐第6篇：英语教学法考试

1． In the past century, language teaching and learning practice has been influenced

by three different views on language.What are they? What is their main idea of language?

1) Structural view: Language is a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: phonology, morphology, lexicology and syntacx.To learn a language is to learn its vocabulary and structural rules.

2) Functional view: Language is a linguistic system as well as a means for doing things.Learners learn a language in order to be able to do things with it (use it).To perform functions, learners need to know how to combine the grammatical rules and the vocabulary to expre notions that perform the functions

3) Interactional view: Language is a communicative tool to build up and maintain social relations between people.Learners need to know the rules of a language and where, when and how it is appropriate to use them.

2． List different views on language learning.

Behaviorist theoryCognitive theoryConstructivist theorySocio-constructivist theory 3． What are the qualities of a good language teacher?

ethic devotion, profeional quality and personal styles.

How can one become a good language teacher?

Wallace‟s Reflective model

Stage 1: language development Stage 2: learning, practice, reflectiongoal:development of profeional

1).learn from others\' experience

2).learn received knowledge

3).learn from one\'s own experience

pseudo practice and The real claroom teaching

4． What is communicative competence?

Communicative competence include both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations .Five components of communicative competence:Linguistic competence, Pragmatic competence , Discourse competence, Strategic competence, Fluency

5． What is CLT? Comment on CLT.

Communicative Language Teaching is an approach to teaching of foreign language that emphasize interaction as both the means and ultimate goal of learning a language.It is also referred to as \"communicative approach to the teaching of foreign\" or simply the \"communicative approach\".

6． What is TBLT? Comment on TBLT.

Task-based Language Teaching， TBLT is a further development of CLT.It shares the same belief in the use of language in real life, but strees the importance to combine form-focused teaching with communication-focused teaching。

Task is meant the hundred and one things people do in everyday life,at work.at play and in between.4 component:a purpose,a context,a proce,a product.

7． What are the limitations of CLT & TBLT under the Chinese foreign language setting? Problems with CLT :

1.The very first and forceful argument is whether it is culturally appropriate

2.The second problem of CLT relate to the design the syllabus for teaching purpose in the

claroom.

3.The third problem is that whether such an approach is suitable for all age level of learners or all competence level of learners.

Constraints of TBLT

The first is it may not be effective for presenting new language items

The second constraint is Time as teachers have to prepare task-based activities very carefully.

The third is the culture of learning

The forth is Level of difficulty

8． Design a teaching plan by adopting CLT.

9． Design a teaching Plan by adopting TBLT.

10． The main components of the English teaching objectives in the National English Curriculum.The overall language ability required in the 2001 National English Curriculum includes the following aspects language knowledge, language skills, learning strategies, affects and cultural understanding.

11． What is a leen plan? Why is it important?

A leon plan is a framework of a leon in which teachers make advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it

Proper leon plan is eential for both novice and experienced teachers.Language teachers benefit from leon planning in a number of ways.

1.Makes teachers aware of the aims and language contents of the leon, so as to plan the activities and choose the techniques accordingly;

2.Helps teachers distinguish the various stages of a leon and see the relationship between them so that the activities of different difficulty levels can be arranged properly and the leon can move smoothly from one stage to another;

3.Gives teachers the opportunity to anticipate potential problems so that they can be prepared;

4.4.Gives teachers, esp.novice ones, confidence in cla;

5.Raises teachers‟ awarene of the teaching aids needed;

11.List the principles for good leon planning.

1.Aim: 2.Variety:3.Flexibility 4.Learnability 5.Linkage

12． What is bottom-up model and top-down model? How to apply them to language learning? Bottom-up model Reading follows a linear proce from the recognition of letters to words, to phrases, to sentences, to paragraphs, and then to the meaning of the whole text.2.Top-down model One‟s background knowledge plays a more important role than new words and structures in reading comprehension.Reading is „a psycholinguistic gueing game‟13． List the principles for teaching speaking.

1)Balancing accuracy-based with fluency-based practices 2)Contextualizing practice

3)Personalizing practice 4)Building up confidence 3)Maximizing meaningful interactions

5)Helping develop speaking strategies 6)Making the best use of claroom learning environment to provide sufficient language input and practice for students (159)

14． List the principles and models for teaching reading.

Principles for teaching reading (184) 1.The selected texts and attached tasks should be acceible to the .2.Tasks should be clearly given in advance.3.Tasks should be designed

to encourage selective and intelligent reading for the main meaning rather than ‟ understanding of trivial details.4.Tasks should help develop ‟ reading skills rather than test their reading comprehension.5.The teacher should help develop reading strategies and reading ability in general.6.The teacher should provide enough guidance and aistance at the beginning but gradually withdraw guidance as progre.

Models for teaching reading 1.Bottom-up model 2.Top-down model3.Interactive model

15． What is the communicative approach to writing? What is the proce

approach to writing? Try to comment on them.

Ss are motivated by authentic writing tasks that have some communicative elements.With different audiences and different purposes, the writing piece could vary greatly.Writing activities can be “writing for learning”, “writing for communication” and somewhere between.

The „proce approach‟（过程研究法is defined as \'an approach to the teaching of writing which strees the creativity of the individual writer, and which pays attention to the development of good writing practices rather than the imitation of models\'.

16.What is the simple integration and what is the complex integration?

Simple integration: integration within the same medium (either oral or written), from receptive to productive skills

Complex integration: constructing a series of activities that use a variety of skills

Why integrate the four skills?

When we communicate, we often use more than a single language skill.What skills do we need in our daily communication? Integrating the skills means that we are working at the level of realistic communication, which is the aim of communicative approach and an integral part of eential conditions for language learning.

16． What are the limitations of integrating the skills?

Benefit: help the development of ‟ communicative competence;

Limitations: 1.no separate focus on individual aspects of vocabulary, grammar and skills

2.Integration can be demanding of the teacher.3.The problem of designing suitable materials that take into account ‟ different skill levels.

17． Design a 45-minute teaching plan for any type of leon, such as listening, speaking, reading,

and writing.

题型

1.10个选择题，20分

2.10个填空题，20分

3.简答题，3个，15分

4.写教案。45分

推荐第7篇：驾驶考试英语

1.Good morning sir/madam.早晨好！先生/女士

2.Good afternoon.午安

3.How are you? 你好吗？

4． Do you know English？你懂英语吗？

5． I don’t know English，我不懂英语.

6． I can speak a little English．我会讲一点英语。

7． please speak slowly．请慢慢讲。

8． would you mind speaking louder please，请说大声些。

9． Do you wear glaes？你有戴眼镜吗？

10． I wear contact lenses．我戴隐形眼镜

11． Do you live at the same addre？你的地址没有改吗？

12． Do you have any medical problems？你的健康有问题吗？

13． Did you have a licence before？你以前有车牌吗？

14． Where did you get your driver’s licence？你有那里考取车牌？

l5． In Hong Kong， I’ve had it since l987．在香港1987年.

16． Have you ever been suspended from driving？你的车牌曾否被吊销过？

17． You must obey all the rules and traffic signs．你要遵守所有交通规例及路牌。

18． Do you have any questions？你有什么问题吗？

19． please sign your name here。请在这里签名。

20． Are you ready now？你可以开始吗？

21． Turn on the engine(car)．打火。

22． Let’s go.现在开始

23． Right turn 右转

24． Left turn 左转

25． Go straight／Keep going straight 直驶

26． First street right turn /left turn第一条街右转／左转

27． Traffic light right turn /left turn交通灯右转／左转

28． stop sign， make a right turn/left turn 停牌右转／左转

29． Stay in this lane 保持在这条线行驶

30． Second street 第二条街

31． Turn on the headlights 开车头灯

32． Turn on the wind shield wiper 开雨刮器

33． Right of way 优先权

34． stop the car here 在这里停车

35． Pull over to the curb 靠路边停车

36． Slow down 慢驶

37． Three point turn 三点式转（窄路掉头）

38． Parallel parking平衡泊车

39． Up hill parking 上斜坡泊车

40． Down hill parking下斜坡泊车

41． Back up 倒后退

42． Back into this driveway 倒后驶入车路

43． Too c1ose 驶得太近

44． Too slow 太慢

45． Too fast 太快

46． Speed up 加速行驶

47． Give a signal 打灯号

48． Cancel your signal 熄灯号

49． Try again 再做一次

50． Watch for pedestrians 小心行人

51． Take it easy／Relax please 请不要紧张

52． More gas 加油

53． Follow car 跟著那车

54． Go back to the test centre 驶回考试场

55． Entrance 入口

56． Exit 出口

57． Intersection 十字路口

58． Put on your seat belt 放安全带

59． Turn on the heater／air conditioner 开暖勿冷气

60． Parking brake 手掣

61． Head in parking／Drive in 车头入泊车

62， Back in parking 退后泊车

63． Tum off the engine 熄掉汽车

64． You fai1ed 你不合格

65． Do you have any identification 你有什麽证件？

66． You paed 你合格

67． Try again 下次再试

该文章转载自无忧考网：http://www.51test.net/show.asp?id=410374&Page=2

该文章转载自无忧考网：http://www.51test.net/show.asp?id=410374&Page=1

推荐第8篇：英语四级考试

倡议书模板

Dear _fellow students_,

⑴ I am writing this letter to call on __you__ to _participate in the blood donation without repayment_.⑵In fact,_it is the duty of everyone in the society_.

(3)Probably some of you _are concerned for the physical fitne if some blood is gone, but your fearswere unneceary_.(4) On one hand, _donating a little blood is not harmful to your health_.(5) On the other hand, _donating a certain amount of blood helps promote metabolism_.(6) So it is high time_you volunteered in serving the society_.

(7) If you are willing to __contribute to the noble cause_, please _go to the blood donation center in our school hospital which will be open at every

weekend from now on__.(8) Join us in the action and extend _the case__into a spirit that dares any poible difficulties.

(your kindne and generosity are really appreciated)

Thank you.

Yours sincerely,

ⅩⅩ

推荐第9篇：博士生考试英语

考博英语范文35篇

博士生入学英语考试协作部分试题说明

根据教育部颁布的《研究生英语教学大纲》（以下简称大纲《大纲》的要求：“非英语专业博士研究生英语入学水平原则上应达到或高于硕士生的通过水平。”

《大纲》中对硕士生的写作要求是“掌握基本写作技能（如文章结构、段落展开和起承转合等），能按具体要求，在一小时内写出250词左右的短文，正确表达思想，语意连贯，无重大语言错误。” 第一部分

写作文的要求，评分标准及考试中普遍存在的问题 一

考试要求

1．文章内容切题。审题准确,不跑题。

2．表达清楚。语言简洁、准确、说理清楚,读者能从作文内容清楚理解作者写作意图。

3．意义连贯。 文字连贯、层次分明、意义表达完整。要使文章意义连贯必须具有一定的技能，包括较强的语感，遣词造句能力和文章谋篇布局的组织能力；

4．语言规范。符合英语表达的习惯、语法错误较少、语言基本功扎实，最终避免中式英语。

二

作文的评分标准及样卷介绍

14 分: 内容符合要求, 包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容;语言流畅;层次分明,句式有变化。词汇丰富,句子结构和用词准确,文章长度符合要求。

11分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容；文字连贯，句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误，文章长度符合要求。

8分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中多数内容；基本清楚表达的主题的内涵；句子结构和用词有少量错误，个别是大错。文章长度符合要求。

5 分： 内容基本切题，基本表达了标题或提纲中的内容；文字连贯，语言可以理解，但有较多的结构和用词错误，且大错较多。文章长度基本符合要求。

2 分： 基本切题，但语句支离破碎，只有少数句子可以理解。

0 分： 文不切题。只将预先背诵的某篇文章默写下来，或语句混乱，无法理解。

附：14 分样卷

Topic：With her entry into WTO, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, and in particular, for higher- level talents.To face this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate(postgraduate) education system.State your opinion aobut this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint.With China’s entry into WTO, she is facing a lot of chances and challenges in many aspects.As far as talents are concerned, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, especially for higher-level talents.In order to adapt this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate education system.

In my opinion, we must make some reform and adjustment in graduate education system in many aspects as follows.First of all, from the view of the government, it must adjust its policy of using talents, especially higher-level talents.For example, it may provide many privileges for them.

Secondly, for the viewpoint of the universities, they should adjust their constructure of curriculum.They should pay more attention to the cultivation of graduate’s capability.They should take effective measures to direct their educational goal from exam-oriented education to education for all-round development.Finally, as far as personnel is concerned, a student should pay more attention to the learning of all kinds of knowledge to meet the needs of society.

In a word, it is high time that we reformed the graduate education system.If we do not make some changes in the graduate education system, we may be failure in the international competition.So we must reform our graduate education system.(219 1

words)

点评： 该文紧扣主题，结构严谨，内容充实，语言流畅，句式变化多样。虽有个别小错，但英语表达能力较强，长度符合要求。

万能框架

As is implied in the table (or cartoon) and well known to all of us, … Take … in the table(cartoon) for example, it’s … for the … to… But when…

On the other hand, there do exist some… that… They are making all poible means to … and trying their best to… Compared with what those… , It’s a pity that… And what’s more, with the deepening and furthering of our country’s opening and reforming, more… are allowed to… With China entering the WTO, … are also permitted to … If still blind to this, the … is sure to … So, it’s urgent and eential for … to analyze… more rationally and macroscopically.It must keep in mind that … should never be unheard.

Although the condition is unsatisfactory now, with the awarene of the …in the table (or cartoon) and all the society efforts, improvement and an even brighter future are not only poible but also inevitable.

三

历年考试中存在的典型问题分析 1．

不会审题，偏离主题。

2．

汉语思维，逐字翻译。常见考生用汉语构思文章，同时将汉语句子硬译成英语。 3．

用词搭配不当。

4．

词汇量小，表达困难，拼写错误。

5．

句法逻辑关系混乱。例如：Our English cla often told stories.正确的应是: Stories are often told on our English cla.

6．不会用关联词转承上下句和段落。关联词即过渡词，使用过渡词，可使上下句子和段落合理衔接，承上启下，使表达合乎逻辑，常见过渡词如as far as, however, well, though, in spite of 。 7．

语法错误。 主要表现为：

（1）

分不清及物与不及物动词，例如：rise， raise； hear, listen （2）

被动语态和主动语态的误用,例如: interesting和 interested （3）

词类混淆,将动词或形容词误用作名词,将名词或动词误用作形容词,例如: benefit 和beneficial; difficult和 difficulty; pleasure 和pleased等。 （4）

混淆可数名词和不可数名词，例如： help，practice等。 （5）

冠词、情态动词、介词、代词等方面的错误，例如： a English book, should did, must done 等。

四．如何写出漂亮的文章

文章要内容切题，表达清楚，意思连贯，语言比较规范。这就要求考生在写作时，把握如下方面： 1．

统一性（Unity）

内容切题，实际上就是要求文章统一性。所谓统一性，就是指短文必须围绕着主题扩展，不能多中心。统一性表现在句子、段落和篇章三个层次上。我们写汉语文章的要求是首先不能跑题，实际上就是对统一性的要求。 2．

连贯性 (Coherence) 指句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间的衔接要自然通畅，主要体现在文章的逻辑发展顺序和过渡词语的运用上。 1）

逻辑顺序

按照时间先后，或空间位置的相互关系，我们可以写出眉目清晰、符合逻辑的段落或文章。叙述文体多采用时间顺序，描写文体中空间顺序更常见。高潮形成系指按照其重要性或严重性安排各个发展点（指段落）或发展段（指文章）的顺序，这种语篇发展方法在描写、叙述、说明和议论文中均常出现。英语语篇的逻辑顺序安排一般是先谈最次要的内容， 2

继而谈较为重要的内容，最后再谈最重要的内容，从而形成文章高潮。 2）

过渡词语的运用—— 语篇的外在连贯手段

有时，单靠逻辑上的连贯对英语语篇来说是很不够的，因而过渡词语的运用必不可少。汉语的连贯属于“意合”，英语的连贯属“形合”，而借助过渡词语取得语篇的连贯是形合法最突出的特点。所以，在英语文章内，诸如等过渡词语特别多。它们的运用挑明了句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间的关系，使文章更加显得连贯。由于受汉语“意合”的影响，中国学生常忽略过渡词语的运用。所以中国学生在进行英语写作时必须对此给以足够的重视。、

3．

语言规范

语言的规范涉及面广。小至遣词造句，大到语篇结构，无不体现语言使用的质量。根据近年博士生入学英语考试的作文试卷统计，许多考生未熟练掌握造句技能甚至不能保证单词拼写正确、句子无重大语法错误。因此要多读多看英语报刊和原著，从中学习语言用法，没有仔细阅读过、理解过的东西千万不要在作文中使用，切忌中国式英语。、、

第二部分 35 篇范文

1.

Television Program and Their Effect on children Television programs regularly entertain, educate, effect and even frighten the majority of our children.Most children are allowed to watch whatever program is on, with little thought on the effect that particular show will have on a child.Most programs can be claed as beneficial or harmful, according to what effect the program might have on a child.The beneficial television programs are mainly thouse that educate the young.There are often specials on animal life.A few regular children’s programs develop the child’s interest in school-type learning by streing numbers and the alphablt, and that encourages him or her to be creative.The beneficial commercials, such as those on anti-smoking, anti-litter, and health, should be included in this category. On the opposite side are the shows, which are generally harmful to children.Many commercials, especially those sponsoring the children’s programs, are deliberately written to create a desire for an unneceary product such as sugar coated cereals and candy.All adult programs that include violence or sex scenes can at best fill a child’s mind with confusing or misleading ideas, and could poib ly harden the child to violence. Thoughtful parents will definitely not allow their children to view the bad programs.A child’s viewing time should be limited to watching educationlly benefical programs.

2.How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities

With the development of modern industryu, more and more people are flowing into big cities.Accordingly, the housing problem in big cities is becoming more and more serious.

People have offered many solutions to this problem.I think building satellite cities in the suburbs is more practical.The fresh air and beautiful secnery in the suburbs will be appealing to the city citizens, who suffer from air pollution, noises, etc.in the overcrowded city.With more people leaving the city, more space will be available for those remaining.The housinmg problem in big cities will thus be solved.

3.―The younger generaton knows best‖

Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were.The same comments is made from generation to generation and it is always true.It has never been truer than ti is today.The young are better educated.They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom.They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents.They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideas of their elders.Events, which the older generation remembers vividly, are nothing more than past history.This is as it should be.Every new generation is different from the one preceded it.Today the difference is very marked indeed. 3

The old always aume thaty they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer.They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened.And this precisely what the young are doing.They are questioning the aumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency.They take leave to doubt that the older generation has created the best of all poible worlds.What they reject more than anything is conformity.Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solven their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obseed with mean ambitions and the desire to ama more and more material poeions? Can anything be right with the rat —race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that is important in life? There are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly.Their record over the past forty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotle.Traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guilance.Today, the situation might reversed.The old—if they are prepared to admit it — could learn a thing or two from their children.One of the biggest leons they could learn is that enjoyment is not ―sinful‖.Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life.It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure to shed restricting inhibitions.It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future.This emphasis on the present is only to be expreed because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation.This is their glorious heritage.Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it ?

4.Public Transportation

As part of domestic modernization, public transportation needs to be developed urgently in China.I can illustrate some examples.There does not only exist serious traffic jams but also crowded buses, underground and railways.Commuters find it hard to get to work on time due to overcrowded buses or tubes.Travelers could hardly get on buses in big cities during weedends owing to fewer buses and more people.When Spring Festival is drawing near, there is much greater –reure on public transportation since it has to deal with a large number of travelers rushing home.And travelers need special arrangements to go home.In a word, public transportation has become bottleneck to the advanc of Chinese economy. To solve the above-mentioned problems, the departments concerned should carry out the following steps: to build more roads, highways or railways and to add buses or trains to the original lines.But ther funds have to be raised both from the government and the public. There are three sources for fund raising.One is to raise the fares for all kinds of all transportation vehicles.Another is to increase the prices for various vehicles on sale.The third is to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oil in addtion to the governmental funds.If all this money to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oiil in addtion to the governmental funds.If all this money collected is used to improve transportation services, the situation will be bettered and favorable.

The third step to take is to introduce new technology in order to raise the efficiency of vehicles.For instance, the speed of trains can be increased as much as two times so that two times as many people can be held.In this way, the preure on public transportation can be dramatically alleviated.So in a word, we need to introduce new technology to raise the speed of vehicles while having built even wider roads and added more efficient trains and huses.

5.Human Education

The other day, a profeor from Peking University gave a lecture ―Chinese Intellectuals and Written Cultural Text‖.In his lecture, he held that Chinese intellectuals have lost the written cultural text since the May 4th movement.His opinion set us 4

thinking that the lo of traditional humane education resulted in a crisis of cultural education.

With the rapid development of economy, the living standard of the Chinese people has improved a lot in terms of material wealth.In a period when economics take priority, people pay more aned more attention to profit.At present, moneymaking and pleasure seeking are becoming a popular fashion.On the other hand, there appears a barren field of spirit in today’s society.It has become unexpectedly hard to rebuild the paradise of traditional culture.Ideological confusion, moral decline and a chaotic cultural market, all this shows that it is the high time to have something done in order to tackle the problem of cultural orientation.Our times call for an ideal humane education.It is unwise to discard traditional Chinese culture as a whole.Some of the elements of this culture can be made use of in the reconstruction of our spiritual civilizaiton directly or wit5h some adaptation.Our attitude towards tradition should be ―discarding the dro and selecting the eence‖.The humane education of the past can serve as a supplement to our Marxist education.It should start from primary school.In this way, our children will get educated so as to be poeed of a perfect personality.The national morale will be deeply rooted in people’s mind, and will help push forward the growth of economy.

To sum up, we can find it badly neceary to build up an ideal humane education.We should find an efficient way to develop our humane education and dig out5 more resources form traditional Chinese culture.

6.Criticism on Television A lot of people believe that television has a harmful effect on chldren.A few years ago, the same criticisms were made of the cinema.But although child psychoilogists have spent a great deal of time studying his problem, there is not much evidence that television brings about teenager’s crimes.

For people in the modern worlds share the views of parents a hundred years ago.In those days, writers for children carefully avoided any reference to sex in their books, but had not inhibitions about including scenes of violence. The evidence collected suggests, however, that neither the subject, nor the action in itself frightens children.The context in which cruely or violence occurs is much more important. A good guide to what is psychologically healthy for a small child is therefore provided by a television series in which a boy and a girl are supposed to be exploring distant planets with their parents.In each story, they encounter strange monsters and find themselves in dangerous situations but the parents are reauring and sensible, as a child’s paprents should be in real life.There is an adult character who is a coward and liar, but both the children are brave and , of course, every story ends happily. In my view, children should be exposed to the problems of real life as soon as poible, but they cannont help seeing these through news programs.When they are being entertained, the healthiest atmosphere is one which the hero and heroine are children like themselves who behave naturally and confidently in any situation.

7.The ony thing people are interesed in today is earing more money

Once upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man.They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get married.The young people’s parents shook their heads.―You can’t get married yet.‖ They said.Wait till you get a good job with good prospects.So the young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married.They were still poor, of course, they didn’t have a house to live in or any furniture, but that did’t matter.They young man had a good job with good prospects, so large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car.The couple lived happily ever after paying off debts for the rest of their lves.And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earlist years to be acquistive.Our poeions, yours and mine are clearly labeled from early childhood.When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surpise us to discover that succe is measured in terms of the money you earn.We spend the whole of ourlives keeping up with our neighbors, the Joneses.If we buy a new television set , Jones is bound to buy a bigger and better one.If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go one 5

better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself.The most amusing thing about this game is that Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them are spending borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc. It is not only affluent societies that people are obseed with the idea of making more money.Consumer goods are desirable everywhere and modern industry deliberately sets out to create new markets.Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever.The wheels of industry must be kept turning.Built-in obsolescence provides the means; goods are made to be discarded.Cars get tinnier and tinnier.You no sooner acquire this year’s model than you are thinking about its replacement.

This materialistic outlook has seriously influenced education.Fewer and fewer young people these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake.Every course of studies must lead somewhere.i.e.to a bigger wage packet.The demand for skilled personnel for exceeds the supply and big companies compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies.Tempting salaries and ―fringe benefits‖ are offered to them.Recruiting tactics of this kind have led to the brain drain, the proce by which highly skilled people offer their services to the highest bidder.The wealthier nations deprive their poorer neighbors of their most able citizens.While Mammon is worshipped as never before, the rich get richers and the poor, poorer.

8.Communication and Language

One of the first things we think about when we hear the word communication language.There are thousands of languages spoken around the world today.In fact, linguistis say that there may be as many as 10000.

Speaking with others is an important means of communication, but we can also communicate without using words, that is by nonverbal communication.Nonverbal communication includes voice quality, eyes movement, facial expreion and body movements such as gestures and change in body position.But many people do not realize that everyone uses nonverbal communication.Sometimes, we ―say‖ more with our face and gestures that we do with our voices.

Books, magazines, newspapers, radio, television, are other means of communication.Today we can also communicate over long distance with the help of communications satellites.Some scientists say that soon machines will be developed for sending meage through the earth.The technology neceary to build these machines is very complex.But the language we speak every day is much more complex than the most modern communication technology.

9.Cooperation Goes with Competition

In our times, cooperation and competition spread over the world.Both of them speed up the wheel of economy and enrich the intelligence of mankind.It is poible to accomplish a complicated program by only one person now.As we know, the more cooperation a company depends on, the more efficient it will become in busine.Furthermore, we can’t avoid competition in our exchanges.From time to time, we compare ourselves with others, expecting to catch up with others.This is the spirit of competition, by which we pursue the highest goal.It is only by competition in the market that a company can raise its reputation.Were it not for competition, say, all of us would not enjoy what we have achieved.

10.The Rise of Intellectual Property Protection

Intellectural property scarcely existed in the vocabularies of academic researchers and administrators even 15 years ago.Now it is an ever-present part of discuions on research policies and directions.This new importance of intellectual property in academia reflects a changing view on ther relationships of research at universities to the surrounding society.Until recently, research at universities has been relatively isolated from demands of economic utility,and education of graduate students has emphasized a career in academic research as the final goal.Now almost all research universities in the United States have technology licensing operations.The number of U.S.patents granted to American universities in a year rose from about 300 in 1980 to almost 2000 in 1995.The direct economic impact of 6

technology licensing on the universities themselves has been relatively small.In contrast, the impact of university technology transfer on the local and national economies has been substantial, and leads to the concusion that the Licensing Act () is one of the most succeful pieces of economic development in recent history.It has been estimated that more than 200000 jobs have been created in the United States in product development and manufacturing of products from university licenses, with the number increasing fairly rapidly as the licenses mature.

Intellectual property terms have become vitally important.The company wants to be aured that it can use the results of the research-and that these results will not be available to their competitors.But most universities insist that transfer of research results is key to their identity and miion and will not agree to keep the project results secret.The key to resolving this dilemman is to grant patents: the university will publish the results, but will first agree to file patents that will protect the company’s privilege in the commercial market place.11.Generation Gap

Despite various improvements in all aspects of social life, the generation gap between the grown-up and the young remains unbridged.Instead, it grows wider apart.Nowadays, the youths do not blindly follow what their elder say.Owing to widespread edcuation, the influence of western civilization, to certain extent, gives them a new code of philosophy, which is completely different from that of their elders.An invisible cold wall thus appears between the two generations. Modern youths are trying to be more revolutionary.They have their own interpretation fro different matters; they also have their own ideals.Their reluctance to learn old teaching and sayings becomes the constant friction between the two generations.They always introduce new changes.However, the old people, wedded to everything of the past, are hostile to changes and the generation gap becomes wider and wider.

After all, the young generation, like the old one, is made of flesh and blood.The young also need respect and they also have skills and good ideas.In order to narrow the gap, both groups should try to understand each other.Most probably, these suggestions may help to solve the problem.

12.Should Men and Women Be Equal?

Should men and women be equal? This is a question much talked about by many people.Some hold the opinion that men are superiro to women in many ways.For one thing, many a job men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough; and for another, most of the word-famous scientists or statemen are found to be males.Moreover, the whole human society seems to have all along been dominated by men only.Isn’t it evident enough to show that men are a lot stronger than women? Hence, the former should enjoy more rights than the latter.

Other people, however, think quite differently on this question.They firmly believe that men and women are born equal.And women are certainly as talented as men if they are given equal opportunities of education.Isn’t it a fact known to us all that women have been working side by side with men in China and elsewhere in the wordl? Like their men folks, they have been distinguishing themselves not only in research institutions, but in government bodies and other organizations as well.Personally, I am firmly standing on the side of those women’s rights defenders.Since men and women are playing an equally important role in all human activities, why should not they be on an equal footing? Furthermore, from time immemorial, there have been two sex groups, namely, men and women.Our Human society could definitely not have existed or advanced without either of them.Is it wonder that men and women ought to be equal and enjoy equal rights accordingly?

13.Computer and Man

It is believed that the computer can do almost every thing.At the time the computer was invented, scientists, carried away by its calculating speed, felt that they had created a miracle.It 7

Was gradually used not noly in mathematics,physics,chemisry and astronomy, but in places like the library, hospital and military army to replace the work of man.For the work of man.For this reason, the computer was entiled ―Electronic Brain‖ in terms of appreciation.

Can man be controlled by computers? The answer is negative.Although a computer works much faster and accurately than man , a fact is undeniable; it is designed, manufactured and programmed by man, and therefore by human beings.Of course, science fictions have made up many fascinating stories about a computer, or rather robot,who conquers man and the earth, even the whole universe; however, they are only unrealistic imaginatio.A horse helps man a lot runs much faster than we, but it is only a slave.

The future for the computer is very promising.With the help of it, we can do things that could not be done before.Conquering the universe, discovering new things, explaining mysteruiys phenomena puzzling us at present are all made poible by computer.

14.what kind of life to live-realistic or romantic ?

There has always been an argument between the young and the old about what kind of life to live-realistic or romantic.Young people tend to think real think that real lofe is as dramatic and fascimating as it is in the novels and movies while more experiened adults think this naïve daydream is certain to be broken by later experiences and everyone should learn to get used to the dull routine of his everydy life.

However, there are some inadequacies in the opinions on the part of both sides.Life will be unimaginable if everything we do is only for realistic purpose, and the same is true if what we do everyday is just to enjoy ourselves.So it’s not difficult for us to see that neither way can ensure a happy life.

In my opinion, a real happy lofe can never be separated from either of the two ways.On the one hand, let’s enjoy life-enjoy the excitement of sports.On the other, let’s not forget our work.Happy life can never go without hard work.

15.Fast Food

Fast food is becoming more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers.Today, it\'s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First, it is very convenient and saves a lot of time.The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal--saving time, and fast food well serves this purpose.You just go into a fast food restaurant, order your food, and your food is ready in no time.You can either eat it there or take it away.Second, its popularity is also attributed to the clean and comfortable environment of fast food restaurants, the excellent ervice, and the guaranteed quality of food.

However, in terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.It usually does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value.Thus, doctors suggest that people, especially children, eat fast food as little as poible.Although cooking at home is time-consuming and the following washing-up tiresome, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while.

16.

On the Attitude towards Fighting against Criminals Today crime rate in our cities seems to be rising.Thefts, robberies, and murders are reported to take place even in the broad daylight.

Facing crime tide, people may take different attitudes.Some feel frightened and prefer to turn a blind eye to the criminals.Others are resolute and dare to run risk at the cost of their lives in fighting with the criminals.They take it as their duty to protect the social law and order.As for me, I take the attitude of the latter.To ensure the social security and protect people’s safety, I may have some suggestions to make.First of all, the government should always keep a continuous law education among the people, especially, in the younger generations.Secondly, criminals 8

should be punished severely.And finally, it is imperative to set up a public foundation system to award those who set merits in fighting criminals.

17.Parents are too permiive with their children nowadays Few people would defend the Victorian attitude to children,but if you were a parent in those days, at least you knew where you stood: children were to be seen and not heard.Freud and company did away eith all that and patents have been bewildered ever since.The child’s happine is all-important, the psychologist say, but what about the parents’ happine?Parents suffer constantlu from fesar and guilt while their children gaily romp about pulling the place apsrt.A good old-fashioned spanking is out of the question: no modern childrearing manual would permit such barbarity.The trouble is you are not allowed even to shout.Who knows what deep psychological wounds you might inflict? The poor child may never recover from the dreadful traumatic experience.So it is that parents bend over backwards to avoid giving theie children complexes which a hundred years ago hadn’t evern been heard of.Certainlu a child needs love, and a lot of it.But the exceive permiivene of modern parents is surely doing more harm than good.Psychologists have succeeded in undermining parents’ confidence in their own authority.And it hasn’t taken children long to get wind of the fact.In addition to the great modern claic on chidcare, there countle articles in magazines and newspapers.With so much un solicited advice flying about, mum and dad just don’t know what to do any more.In the end, they do nothing at all.So, from ear;y childhood, the kids are in charge and parents’ lives are regulates according to the needs of their offspring.When the little dears develop into teenagers, they take complete control.Lax authority over the years makes adolescent rebellion against parents all the more violent.If the young people are going to have a party, for instance, parents are asked to leave the house.Their presence merely spoils the fun, what else can the poor parents do but obey? Children are hardly creatures(far hardier than the psychologists would have us believe) and most of them survive the harmful influence of extreme permiivene htat is the normal condition in the modern household.But a great many do not.The spread of juvenile delinquency in our won age is largely due to parental laxity.Mother, believing that little Johny cvan look after himself, is not at home when he returns from school; so little Johnny roams the streets.The dividing –line between permiivene and sheer negligence is very fine indeed.

The psychologists have much to answer for.They should keep their moths shut and let parents get on with the job.And if children are knocked about a little bit in the proce, it may not really matter too much.At least this will help them to develop vigorous views of their own and give them something po9sitive to react against.Perhaps there’s some truth in the idea that children who’s had a surfeit of happine in their childhood emerge like stodgy puddings and fail to make a succe of life.

18.Adveriser Perform A Useful Service to The Community

Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why thery’re always coming in for criticism.Their critics smm to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around.―It’s iniquitous,‖ they say, ―that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that ) should be absorb millions of pounds each year.It only goes to show much profit the big companies are making.Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.‖

The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create ma markets for products.It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap.But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read.Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about.Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding perfromance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advetisments, but this claim may be seriously doubted, it is hardly poible not to read advertisments these days.And what fun they often are too ! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements.Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway bye-laws while waiting for a train? Would 9

you like to read only closely-printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily reation to calamities.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets.Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue.The fact that we pay so little fro our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers.Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price ! Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ―small ads.‖ Which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine.What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns.For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ―hatch, match and dispatch‖ columns; but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or agony column.No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nautre.It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is !

19.Only Stricter Traffic Laws Can Prevent Accidents

From the health pointg of view we are living in a marvelous age.We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases.A large number of once fatal illnees can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery.It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases.The expectation of life has increased enormously.But though the poibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witne the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads Men versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly mutilated each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personlity.Ther is no doubt that the motor-car ofter brings out a man’s very worst qualities.People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering wheel.They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggreive, willful as two-year olds and utterly selfish.All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jeaslousies seem to be brought to the serface by the act of driving.The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behavior.Everything, is done for his convenience.Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the ma annual slaughter becomes nothing more than statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.Is high time a world code were created to reduce this sensele waste fo human life.With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough.A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate.Her are a few examples of some of the things that might be done.The driving test should be stadardized and made far more difficult than it is; all drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety.Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability.Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter.Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads.Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA.All advertising streing power and performance should be banned.These measures may sound inordinately harsh, but surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life.After all, the world is for human beings, not motorcars.

20.Population Control Progre in science and the improvement of living conditions have led to the rapid growth of world population.Modern medicine, 10

for example, has made it poible for babies to grow up healthily and for people to live longer.With improved living conditions particularly in the countryside, people tend to have larger families.As a result, the world population has increased so rapidly that it has now exceeded 6 billion. But the overgrowth of population presents a threat to the existence of food supplies and shelter space.However, the limited productivity and scarce world resources can hardly meet the needs of the ever-increasing population.Thus, in the long run, the overgrowth of the world population will only harm mankind. To guarantee the steady development of human society, mankind must realize the consequences resulting from a fast population growth and carry out a family planning program.Only by adopting effective meausres, can human society develop steadily and have a bright future.

21．Part-time Jobs for College Students Nowadays, many college boys and girls take part-time jobs in their spare time.Some are employed by the companies near the campus, working as office clerks or computer programmers.Others have become salespersons for the commercial businees.Foreign language students may serve as interpreters or translators where international cooperation is carried out.Or they may become tour guides for travel agencies.Also, it is a common practice for girl students to become governees helping children with their school work in their homes.Many people, including some profeors and parents, make no secret of their disapproval of this.On the one hand, they argue that academic pursuit is the main task for college students and that taking part-time jobs distracts their attention and consumes a lot of energy needed.On the other hand, profeors and parents tend to believe that college boys and girls need to further cultivate their personality and develop their sense of responsibility before they can be ready for any serious jobs.But in my opinion, every coin has two sides.It is true that the students’ major task is to study.It is also true that taking part-time jobs will take a lot of time and energy.However, if the students can learn to arrange their time properly, the profeors and parents might as well be relieved from all their worries.As many students take jobs related to their fields of study, they can gain some first-hand experience instead of being distracted from their study.Moreover, treated as full adults on their part-time jobs, they will develop their sense of responsibility very soon.When they finally graduate, they will find themselves in a more agreeable social environment.(280w)

22.Private Cars A few years ago, having a private car might be a wild dream to many Chinese families.But today, you can see the number of private cars running along the road and street is increasing rapidly.Statistics show that one in every six families in big cities has a car.Some people say that it is good because the number of car ownerships indicates a country’s auto industry, which in turn shows the country’s general economic development.The fact that more and more people can afford a car demonstrates that people in China enjoy a higher standard of living than they did before.Besides, a private car also adds a new dimension to a family’s work, daily life and leisure activities.

Other people think differently.They argue that having private cars may not necearily mean a more advanced society.It may bring about more stre, instead.More cars would consume more petroleum, produce more air pollution, and thus aggravate the already serious environmental problems.What’s more, another problem remains yet to be solved.Road conditions being what they are esp.in urban areas, accidents become a common occurrence, resulting in thousands of deaths per year.No wonder cars have been considered as the number one deadly weapon in the modern world.I find some truth in both of the arguments mentioned above.I feel it a personal choice to buy a private car.If you can afford it and you really need it to get around, having a car is fine.But remember, try to use environment-friendly type of gasoline and take special care while driving.If you don’t have much need for cars in your work and life, there is no need to follow fashion or keep up with the Jones.Remember, when you cycle, you are living a healthy life and at the same time contributing to our environment protection. 11

23．What Have We Learned from SARS? In the spring of the year 2003, China has been afflicted with and succefully withstood SARS.The epidemic is now ebbing away.But we should never forget what we have gone through.What’s more important, we should learn a great deal from this experience.

First, we understand that in the face of danger, we should fight bravely instead of shrinking away from responsibilities.Doctors and nurses have set shining examples for us.They plunged into their work without considering their own safety.Second, we have realized that diseases will yield not only to medical treatment but also to people’s will power.We are so determined in our final succe that nothing can stop us from our effort.SARS has no way to go because everyone in the country is guarding against it.Third, we should try to get rid of unhealthy habits.Such behaviors as spitting on the ground and throwing rubbish everywhere are something we should be ashamed of.It’s important that everyone in society develop a good awarene of public sanitation.We should keep our living surroundings clean and healthy just as we do with our own homes.Fourth, we should enforce strict laws to punish those who capture, smuggle and eat rare wild animals.These people not only endanger the animal world by killing but also endanger the human society by bringing in odd diseases.Most important is that we should have an efficient and effective system to deal with outbreak of epidemics.It is a promising sign that our government has already come up with some laws and regulations in this respect.The leon from SARS epidemic has gradually sunk in.To China, it means much more than the lo of over 1000 precious lives.How we respond to it sends a meage to the world: China has been actively and effectively combating SARS and China will still be a safe place to live in and an attractive place for travelers and investors.

24.Fast Food

Fast food is becoming more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers.Today, it\'s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First, it is very convenient and saves a lot of time.The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal--saving time, and fast food well serves this purpose.You just go into a fast food restaurant, order your food, and your food is ready in no time.You can either eat it there or take it away.Second, its popularity is also attributed to the clean and comfortable environment of fast food restaurants, the excellent ervice, and the guaranteed quality of food.

However, in terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.It usually does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value.Thus, doctors suggest that people, especially children, eat fast food as little as poible.Although cooking at home is time-consuming and the following washing-up tiresome, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while

25.My Idea on How for Beijing to Prepare the 2008 World Olympic Games As a young student (cadre, engineer, technician), I am an active citizen in greeting the 2008 World Olympic Games.As its host, Beijing is now busy in propagating for its advent.

Since it is the first time for Beijing to host such a world gathering, we are naturally short of experience.And since it involves so many aspects, the whole nation should be mobilized to participate in actively.In facing the task, I have got some suggestions for its succe: 1.Tours should be organized to go over the places such games have been held before to learn their positive experience; 2.Architectural qualities and financial contributions should be streed to promote its succe; 3.Careful calculations of costs and expenditures has to be done so as to avoid waste.Though I am just a small potato, I wish my suggestion would win t due attention from the authorities concerned . 12

26.On University Tuition System a in China Tuition system has become one of the hottest topics in China since it was put into effect.Different people have different opinions on it.Some people think that there is no university in the world which is open to students without tuition.As far as China is concerned, it is a developing country with the largest population in the world.The government is unable to allocate enough funds to pay for various teaching facilities and many different kinds of expenses.One of the ways to relieve the problem is for students to pay tuition.The money raised in this way can be used to improve the conditions for running schools.

Others, however, are opposed to the tuition system.They argue that the living standard of the Chinese people, especially of those in the poor rural areas, is still low, compared with that in the Western World.The university tuition will certainly add to the already heavy burden of the parents, who live on their salaries or wages.Moreover, tuition may become an obstacle to the development of China\'s higher education.This is because it hinders some talented people from entering the university just on account of their poverty.

27.What Would Happen if No Attention Paid to The Environmental Protection With the development of our society, people want more convenience and comfort.Some European countries such as Switzerland and Sweden can be taken as good examples.

However, our environment has been seriously polluted.Many factories or farmlands not only polluted themselves but also bring about pollution to the whole society.Sewage water, poisonous gases and waste mineral material are now destroying our environment.Facing the situation, I think, we must be aware of the long-lasting consequences of our actions.Strict laws must be imposed to punish those who pollute the environment.What is more important is for everybody to realize that only when we have a clean environment can we develop our economy in a healthy and sustainable manner for the future generations.

28.Women Should Be Let To Play A More Important Role In Our State Affairs Women\'s social status has greatly changed since liberation.In spite of this, there still exists inequality between men and women in many ways.For example, we have many more men leaders in our government organs, factories and schools.No real equality can also be seen in the family.It is still often heard, \"after all, women are women, they are not comparable to men\".

To win real equality, we should do at least the following: First, let all girls go to school and receive regular education.Second, equal pay for equal work must be made a law and principle to obey.Third, up-bringing children should be regarded as a contribution to the whole society.Last of all women scholars and political leaders should be let to play more decisive roles ..

29.The Role of Migrant Workers

Migrant workers have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities.They leave their home-land for better chances.Some want to change their destiny, some want to make a fortune.Whatever the purposes they cherished when millions of them streamed into big cities, they have promoted the development of cities.

Most of the migrant workers are hard working and unafraid of hardships.They take up the dirtiest, the most strenuous or dangerous jobs which city laborers are unwilling to do.With lots of building they have set up and streets they have kept clean, they have helped modernize and beautify cities.Not only have they become the main work force in the construction sector, they also have helped liberate city women from heavy housework chores by taking care of the babies, cleaning houses or providing any other services citizens need.

Although some of the citizens complain about the increasing number of the problems such as theft, robbery a few of migrant 13

workers have committed, most of the citizens agree that their contribution is obvious, and with better management, their role in the construction of cities will definitely be greater.

30.The Effect of Decoding the Human Body The Human Genome Project will revolutionize the detection, prevention and treatment of conditions of certain diseases.Genes help early detection of diseases and fix health problems, not just to predict them.Genetic medicines will be aimed at the causes of disease rather than the symptoms and doctors will start prescribing different treatments for different patients, depending on their genetic profiles.Many potential diseases will be cured before they arise.But decoding the book of life poses moral dilemmas.It threatens to undermine privacy and bring on genetic discrimination in marriage, insurance and employment.With knowledge of our genetic code, those who have got certain undesirable genes may be discriminated when choosing their spouses.If genetic tests predict mental dullne, short stature or other undesirable traits before babies are born, the society may look down upon children whose parents let them be born , the society may look down upon children whose parents let them be born with those traits.Employers may take your genetic profile before they offer you a job.In my opinion, the completion of the Human Genome Project is a great breakthrough in human history.It will change the way we live and even the way we think about who we are to prevent genetic discrimination, in insurance and in employment based on genetic tests.

31.The Orientation of China\'s Cro-Century Economic Reform The economic reform in the past 20 years has brought us tremendous changes in every way.China ranks No 9th according to its GNP in the world.

Neverthele, we are still facing serious challenges.A too large population and lower educational level still prevent us from more succeful development.So, we should ask ourselves what we should do to promote our reform more fruitfully.

To this problem, my answer is to strengthen the reform of our education and economic management to improve the qualities of our young people and our material products after joining WTO.At the same time we have to establish better laws of labor or distribution systems to arouse people\'s working enthusiasm.

32.The Information Age and the Best Way to Use Information It is often said that ours is the information age.\'Computers are playing a more and more important role in modern society.They are already widely used in industry and in universities to do extremely comp1icated work in all branches of learning.They can solve the most complex mathematical problems or put thousands of unrelated facts in order.Because they work accurately and at high speeds, they save research workers years of hard work.They play a key role in automation.Besides, they have found applications in busine, transportation, education and other fields.Computers have brought important social consequences.Computers are also entering ordinary families.As computers are being made small, cheap , and at the same time easy to use, more people buy computers for their homes.We use computers to control the work of washing machines, TV sets, electrical cookers and other electrical appliances.We use computers to proce and store all kinds of information.We also use computers to entertain ourselves by playing games on them.There is no limit to the application of computers in our lives.Despite all the advantages t computers can never take the place of human brains.Although computers work much faster and much more accurately than human beings, they can not ―think\".They need detailed instructions from human beings in order to be ab1e to operate.They can never lead independent lives, or ―rule the world‖ or \"rule the would \"by making decisions of their own.No matter how capable they are, they are our servants, not our 14

masters.

33.Why Governmental Workers also Have to Go abroad? More and more people want to go abroad for academic advancement or busine exchanges.So do the government leaders and middle-level governmental workers to improve their public services.

Some people, however, keep an critical eye in this problem, saying this is \"a kind of making a tour on public money\".Others say it is a kind of extra pay for their over-service.I don\'t agree with them because they fail to see the importance to be open and progreive in running governmental affairs by exchanging and learning experience from the outside world.\"Seeing is believing\" can be very useful for the governmental workers to improve their own work.And in many cases, it can even bring about a major change in their working style.

34.The Problem in Using Water Water is indispensable to life.It is used for drinking and washing every day.We also need water in great quantity in industry and agriculture.However, not everyone is aware of the importance of water.They tend to think since there is plenty of water, it does not matter if we waste a little of it.They don’t know or they don’t want to know that water shortage has become more and more and serious in many cities, even in Beijing.If blind consumption of water is allowed to continue, the problem will become worse and worse.In order to cope with the shortage of water, the government has to take more effective measures.On the one hand, fines are to be imposed on those factories units that use water lavishly.On the other hand, the government should carry on intensive education among the people.For us ourselves, we should economize on water conscientiously.

35.Compare with the domestic hen and the duck The domestic hen and the duck both belong to the bird category.They have some features in common such as wings, feet, beak, flight, nest, migration, food and eggs.

The domestic hen has short wings which it rarely uses because it has a heavy body and lives on the ground.It is clumsy in flight and can cover only short distances.Its feet are designed for scratching the ground to find seeds and worms.It will also eat almost any other kind of food.Hens nest on the ground.They have been bred for egg production and can lay up to 300 eggs a year.A duck has webbed feet so that it can swim easily and walk on soft ground.It has a long, flat beak which it uses to search for food in river and pond mud.It has powerful wings which enable it to fly long distances.It nests in gra at water’s edge.Ducks migrate long distances.A duck lays 5 to 12 eggs at a time and may lay twice a year.In conclusion, although there are something different among these two birds, the basic features are quite similar. 一)比较

表示优点与缺点的词汇

disadvantage/ weakne/ limitation/ defect/ drawback advantage/ strength / merit / strong point 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...3.For all its limitations, it has its strengths.4.A bears some resemblances to B. 15

5.However, the same is not applicable to B.6. A and B differ in several ways.7.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.8.People used to think ..., but things are different now.9.The same is true of B.10.It is true that A ..., but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...二)原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in ...largely results from the fact that...6.We may blame ...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that ...One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...Perhaps the primary factor is that … But the fundamental cause is that ...三)后果

1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is ...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...四)批驳

1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6) It makes no sense to argue for ...7) Too much stre placed on ...may lead to ...8) Such a statement mainly rests on the aumption that ...9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...五)举例

1) A good case in point is ...2) As an illustration, we may take ...3) Such examples might be given easily.4) ...is often cited as an example.六)证明

1) No one can deny the fact that ...2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...4) Recent studies indicate that ... 16

5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...七)开篇

1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4) Recently the iue has aroused great concern among ...5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...6) Never in our history has the idea that ...been so popular.7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...8) According to a recent survey, ...9) With the rapid development of ..., ...八)结尾

1) From what has been discued above, we can draw the conclusion that ...2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to… 3) It is neceary that steps should be taken to ...4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned iue, more problems will crop up.8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ...10) Taking all these into account, we ...11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear... 写作绝招

开头万能公式

1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言

有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！

原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？

经典句型：

As the proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）

更多经典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that„ 2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计

原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。

原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.

看起来这个数字文绉绉的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：

Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。

Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型： 结尾万能公式

1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论

说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politene and respect for others.

如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！

更多过渡短语：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that„, Therefore, we can find that„ 2． 结尾万能公式二：如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？

更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“七项基本原则”

一、长短句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：

As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！

强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主题句原则

国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！

特别提示：隐藏主题句可是要冒险的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your leons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点„ 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）

4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）

8）most important of all, moreover, finally

9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）

10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）

建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！

四、短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其

一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其

二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.

I want it.

可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.

这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。再比如：

走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room

所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！

六、多变句式原则

1）加法（串联）

都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：

I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.

如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：

Not only is the fur coat soft, but it is also warm.

其它的短语可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2）转折（拐弯抹角）

批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

The coat was thin, but it was warm. 19

更多的短语：

despite that, still, however, neverthele, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友„可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！

The snow began to fall, so we went home.

更多短语：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）

有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。

举例：This is what I can do.

Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：

When to go, Why he goes away„

5）附加（多此一举）

如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6）排比（排山倒海句）

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.

We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑战极限原则

既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！ 文章主体段落三大杀手锏

一、举实例

思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every poible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actre to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they film him or her.

更多句型：

To take „ as an example, One example is„, Another example is„, for example

二、做比较

方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；

世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语：

相似的比较：

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比较：

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, neverthele, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with „, „

三、换言之

没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。

实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!

I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.

I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.

或者上面我们举过的例子：

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.

因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.

更多短语：

in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply The tips are great help for beginners such as myself.I have seen a small book called \"The Element of Style\", which deals with various frequent mistakes in English writing.It might be worth of recommending to anyone who is interested in good writing skills.What I learned from the book is that good English is simple, but not dull.

一、先想先写最后做: 1.做研究之前，必须想清楚：结果能不能发表？发表在哪里？

2.先把文章大框写好，空出数据，等做完实验填完空就可以发了；正所谓心中有沟壑！ 3.在未搞清“写什么、发哪里、自己研究与同类研究有何出色之处”之前，就不要动手做！ 4.继续去看文献，去想；想不清楚就做还不如不做！

5.要想这样做，就得先看文献！要知道如何把文章架起来、要知道别人是如何讨论的、要知道自己的数据是不是说明了与别人不同的东东或别人没有做过„„这个过程就是阅读文献及思考的过程，这些搞清楚了，写就简单了！ 6.要是先做事，做完发现别人做过，或无法用理论来解释，岂不是冤大头？

二、如何科学选题:

1.课题选择和国际接轨。想在国际核心期刊发表文献，就必须了解国际研究动态，选择与国际学术研究合拍的课题。由于多方面因素的影响，我国科学研究选题与国际先进水平还有一定距离。我国一家权威科研机构不久前在国内挑选了许多前沿领域的研究课题，准备参与国际合作，但到美国后发现近三分之二的课题已经不属前沿，在美国很少有人研究。在高校，一些教师治学严谨、基础扎实，但科研成果不突出，重要原因就是不重视有关领域学术动态，不能选得合适的课题。

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2.课题要有可发展性。课题可发展性对高水平论文的持续产出具有极大作用。中国科技大学范洪义另辟蹊径，发展了诺贝尔奖得主狄拉克(Dirac)奠定的量子论的符号法，系统地建立了“有序算符内的积分理论”，1998年有24篇论文被SCI收录；他对自己论文高产的解释是，研究“具有开创性，突破一点以后就可以向纵深发展，使研究工作自成系列、成面成片”。我院被SCI收录论文最多的杨新民老师从事凸性理论研究，该理论兴起于 20世纪70年代，90年代进入高峰。作为新兴研究领域，该理论本身有许多尚待研究之处，同时该理论也可用来解决最优化方面的问题。反之，有人由于所接触的问题已处于该研究分支的末端，即使在该点上有所突破，也难持续发展。

3.借助工具选题：①查阅有关领域的检索工具，这些工具各高校都有；②了解SCI收录期刊所反映的科技动态，ISI期刊信息可从http://www.daodoc.com查获，也可从SCI印刷版每期Ａ、Ｄ分册的来源出版物目录(Lists of Source Publications)查找，还可从ISI引用期刊报告 (Journal Citation Reports，简称JCR)了解期刊信息，该文献有印刷版、网络版(JCR on the Web)和光盘版 (JCR on CD-ROM)；③利用ISI提供的选题工具帮助，例如，能对正在开展的工作进行量化分析以保证用户科学研究同科学发展趋向一致的(Eential Science Indicators)，介绍有关最杰出人物研究状况、有关领域研究热点和发展趋向的(ISI Highly Cited.com)；④利用网上数据库了解国际学术研究动态及有关资料。只要有心参与国际学术竞争，选择与国际学术研究接轨的课题并不存在难以克服的障碍。

三、如何获得好的idea 无论是临床还是基础科研，最关键的是idea，idea的出台决定了科研水平和档次。高水平的科学家一听你的科研课题和方向，就能判断你科研水平。因此，获得好的idea是至关重要的。

1.优秀科学家要具备敏锐的科研嗅觉，而这种敏锐性是经过长期的思考和实践获得的。通过几天或半个月的苦思苦想得到了一个自以为很好的idea，很可能是别人十几年前就做过的工作。但新手上路时重复一些经典实验以获得经验是很正常的。此外，科研要注重质量，千万不要为单纯地追求数量而令懂行的人嘲笑。如何获得idea呢？ A.大量地、仔细地阅读文献，多听学术报告、多与同行探讨，从中获得启示，不能急于求成。 B.总结感兴趣领域内尚未探讨过但很有意义的课题；

C.总结争论性很强的问题，反复比较研究方法和结论，从中发现切入点； D.善于抓住科研过程中遇到的难以解释的问题，往往会成为思维的闪光点； E.细致地拟定方案，论证可行性。

2.获得idea的两种途径：传统途径就是先阅读大量科研论文，弄清目前的研究现状和要解决的问题等；非传统的途径是自己先冥思苦想一段时间，有了自己的idea后再去查文献。这样不会让以往的研究限制你的思维，不失为一个很好的方法。别人没作过的东西，也许不是因为别人没想到，而是因为没有意义或者没有可能性。 3.获得良好idea的基础前提：

A.在科研前必须弥补基础知识，这是看懂文献的基础。

B.广泛阅读文献是支撑。硕士至少查阅600篇，粗看300篇，细看100篇，研读50篇。博士至少再多一倍，并始终关注国际动态。

C.学会阅读文献，读懂文章。建议先review再article，先中后英；看10－20篇review后看研究性论文。拿到一篇研究性论文，先看标题，立即停住，问自己几个问题：(1)想想别人这文章是怎么做的(可参考材料方法)？会做哪些内容来说明其标题？(2)明白他为什么要做这个吗？(3)如文章是近半年内发表的，该文章解决了什么问题？引出了什么问题(结合你看的综述)？接下来仔细看摘要，就知道你的想法是否与别人吻合？(4)看完实验结果，再思考有什么地方不完善？有没有深入或拓展到底？一般来说，SCI-3分以下的文章只可能做了一部分机理，下面肯定有东西可做，关键是你自己要思考，去发现。

4.长期作战持之以恒。做好上面所述要求肯定会有所谓idea，但过程艰辛，需长时间磨练，需要patience和paion。有天赋的人能考上海中科院生命科学院，北京中科院那几个所，北大、清华。耐心干5年，这些地方正为中国带来更多本土nature、science文章。

四、博士如何出牛文章？

1.几点忠告：多看paper没有坏处；多找非老板的其他人，如其他教授，postdoc，前辈师兄等讨论，借鸡下蛋；可以动手的东西容易上手，比如软件等；找机会去开会，认认牛人，不发paper，做做volunteer，或者参加phd symposium之类。五主动参加seminar，自己讲几次看过的paper，最好自己组织一个topic拉几个师兄弟和postdoc参加，注意找几本教科 22

书看看，打好基础。 2.如何获得IDEA: A.需对研究的领域有一个全局性了解，按老板的话说是要有bird eye。

B.要有bird eye，需比较全面地阅读本领域文章。读文章要其idea，总结成一句话，并用卡片记录好，分类整理。如果把别人文章的idea总结成一句话，就容易理解它的本质，也好作变化。

C.读了很多文章后，可以写一个special study，将读过的本领域东西系统总结在一起，相当于你的综合理解，也就是bird eye看到的东西了。以后翻阅起来也相当方便。

D.用心分析别人的idea，任何一个idea都有weakne；想办法解决它，那就成自己idea。最好的办法就是看大牛的paper，无论他有多牛，他的文章总是在说一个方面，总有其他东西没有包括进去，把他的文章认真精读了，总会发现漏洞和不足或不全面之处，然后你就知道怎么做了。记住：每篇文章几乎都有没有考虑完全的东西。

E.时不时阅读更广泛领域的东西，扩大bird eye范围，对领域外的感兴趣的文章进行copy收藏，这个叫walk around a little bit，很多领域外的东西可以借鉴、学科交叉从而产生new idea。

F.经常跟牛人、博士后或高年级博士等有思想的人(最好不是相同专业，而是相关专业或交叉学科)讨论，也容易出idea。再有就是，关注其他专业的书籍、杂志等信息，从中获取交叉创新idea 考博英语作文模板

（1） 不同观点列举型（选择型）

There is a widespread concern over the iue that __作文题目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 观点一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the iue that)___作文题目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___优点一______.And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, \"every coin has two sides\", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺点一______.In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.（3） 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the iue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途径一______.In addition, another way contributing to succe of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.（4） 谚语警句性议论文

It is well know to us that the proverb: \" ___谚语_______\" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____谚语的含义_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.( also theoretically ) 23

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.（5）图表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.作文常见的开头形式大致有以下几种： 1．开门见山，揭示主题

文章一开头，，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎样度假)的开头是： I Spent my last vacation happily．

下面是题为\"Honesty\"(谈诚实)一文中的开头：

Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a \"liar\"，and is looked upon by honest people． 2．交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头

在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如\"A Trip to Jinshan\" (去金山旅游)的开头：

The day before yesterday my cla went on a bus trip to Jinshan.The bus ride there took three hours.The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.3.回忆性的开头

用回忆的方法来开头。例如\"A Trip to the Taishan Mountain\"(泰山游)的开头是： I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.4．概括性的开头

即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“The Happine of Reading Books”(读书的快乐)的开头： People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.5．介绍环境式的开头

即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“An Accident”(一场事故)的开头是: It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.6．交待写作目的的开头。

在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁，批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如 \"Pollution Control\" (控制污染)的开头：

In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.英语作文的文章的正文

文章的正文是由若干段落组成的，段落通常由几个或者更多的句子组成，有时候一个句子也能成段。

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文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索，具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。文章不论长短，每个段落都必须为主题服务。像说明文和议论文这一类的文章，一个主题还常分成几个小主题，每个小主题要用一个段落处理，另起一段时，应是一层新的意思。每一段的开头，要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句，这样可使文章条理化，易于阅读，便于读者抓住主题。段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证，为中心思想服务。句子之间应衔结自然，有条不紊，而且还要合乎逻辑，段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子；英语写作比较重视主题句的作用，缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位，但对初学者来说，以放在段首为好。见下列这篇题为\"How to Be a Good Student\" (怎样做个好学生)的文章：

We students are the builders and masters of the country.It is important for us to know how to be a good student.A good student, I think, should be diligent in his studies.The more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge.Without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.To take care of one\'s own body is another important thing for good student to do.Anyone, who hasn\'t got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge.There was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but neglected his health.No sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health.From this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.Lastly, to cultivate one\'s own virtue is most important.Virtue is the eence of a noble and good character.It will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.When learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society.We should draw leons from this.这篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主题，第

二、第三和第四段则是文章的正文，每—段的第一句即是段落的主题句，它们既支持了文章中心的观点和思想，同时又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中，其余的句子都围绕主题句所表示的中心展开，同时句子间的衔结也很自然；各层的意思都很连贯。

分段是文章组织上重要的一步，但如果写的题目范围很小，那就无须再将题目分成小的主题，并分入各个段落去阐述了。像一篇简短的评论；某一事情的简短记载，某一个想法的说明，对一个人物或一件事情的简要叙述或说明等，就可以只用一个段落来表现主题。

在记叙文中，段的结构有时可以很简单，不需要有主题句，叙事一气呵成，中途没有停顿。段与段之所以分开，只是为了起修辞作用，以便把某一细节置于显著的地位。

某些测试用的表达题，在题目中就已经说明只需要根据。所给的提示写一个段落，而不是一篇文章。对于这一类的写作试题，就可以予以简洁的处理，并不是非要扩充成一篇有头有尾的完整文章。

下面这篇题为“Weekend Homework”(谈周末作业)的短文，就是用一个段落来论述问题和表达观点的。

Usually Saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework.Six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests.I think weekend homework should not be given.With homework arranged for Saturday night and the whole of Sunday, when can he find time to help around the house, play a game of football or see a good film, or just relax? In fact weekend homework is usually put off until Sunday night.As a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results.If there were no homework on weekends, students would go to school on Monday well rested, willing to work.Teachers, don\'t you agree? 英语作文的文章的结尾

文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容，进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想，使文章意义表达得更加深刻。 文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的，常见的有以下几种： 1．首尾呼应，画龙点睛

在文章的结尾，把含义较深的话放在末尾，以点明主题，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的效果。如\"I Cannot Forget Her\" (我忘不了她)的结尾：

After her death, I felt as if something were miing in my life.I was sad over her paing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.2．重复主题句

结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我爱家乡)的结尾：

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I love my home town, and I love its people.They too have changed.They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.3.自然结尾

随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾：

I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more.Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun.We returned home very late.4．含蓄性的结尾

用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾：

Evening came before we realized it.We put down our sickles and looked at each other.Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.5．用反问结尾

虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，并具有特别的强调作用，引起读者深思。如 \"Should We Learn to Do Housework?\" (我们要不要学做家务?) 的结尾。

Everyone should learn to do housework.Don\'t you agree, boys and girls? 6．指明方向，激励读者

结尾表示对将来的展望，或期待读者投入行动。如“Let\'s Go in for Sports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾：

As we have said above, sports can be of great value.They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter.A sound mind is in a sound body.Let\'s go in for sports.文章的结尾没有一定的模式，可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是，一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法；但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整

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推荐第10篇：英语三级考试

关于做好2013年内蒙古自治区高等学校英语应用能力考试考务工作的通知

自治区高等学校英语应用能力考试各考点：

2013年内蒙古自治区高等学校英语应用能力考试将于6月16日15：00—17：00举行。按照国

家及自治区教育考试的有关规定及操作规程，各考点要加强领导，周密安排，强化培训，精

心组织，严格管理，规范操作，确保考试安全、有序、平稳、顺利进行。现将有关事项通知

如下：

一、切实做好试题和答题卡的安全保密工作

安全保密是教育考试的生命线，试题和答题卡的安全保密是考试工作的重中之重，一定要实

行“一把手”工程，各高校校长（院长）为第一责任人，对本考点的安全保密工作负总责。

在试题和答题卡的交接、运送、保管等环节严格按照《国家教育考试考务安全保密工作规定》

的有关要求执行，具体要求如下：

（一）试卷保密室从试题到达之日起，必须安排包括两名武警(或公安人员)在内的四人以上

值班人员昼夜值班，每天24小时开启视频监控设备，保证监控全覆盖、无死角，不间断实时

和全程录像，并实行每六小时回放制度。

（二）按要求认真履行试题和答题卡分发、回收的交接签字手续，做好每天的值班记录，将

每天的记录情况存档备查。分发试题和答题卡时必须提醒领取人员检查试题和答题卡的密封

情况，无异常情况方可领取。考试结束后，试题、答题卡（含缺考和空白试题、答题卡）分

别按顺序装入原袋并进行密封。

（三）考试期间发现试题有缺页、漏印、印刷模糊等问题，考点可按有关规定启用备用试题

（答题卡，下同）。同时应将启用备用试题的情况形成书面材料，经监考员、考点主考签字

确认后，上报自治区教育招生考试中心。

二、加强考点考场管理，切实做好各类工作人员培训工作

（一）考务工作手册的制定要坚持务实管用、方便指导考试工作的原则，做到任务分工明确，

责任落实到人。考务工作手册应包括的主要内容有：考试工作领导小组成员名单及分工，应

急预案，试卷保密室值班人员、分管领导及联系电话，各考点主考、副主考、监控室系统管

理员、纪检人员等名单以及相关的文字材料与文件等。

（二）各考点要认真组织本考点工作人员进行考前培训,组织所有考试工作人员认真学习新

修订的《内蒙古自治区教育考试考点考场设置管理办法》(内教招考综〔2013〕 9号)等有关

考试规章制度和文件精神。在培训过程中,对与以往相比有变化的工作内容及要求等，要重

点进行学习领会,切实做到所有考试工作人员都熟悉掌握当次考试的有关规定及要求。

（三）各考点要按照《内蒙古自治区教育考试考点考场设置管理办法》等规定要求统一布置。

必须在入口处悬挂“2013年自治区高等学校英语应用能力考试×××考点”红底白字横幅，

并在醒目位置张贴考场分布示意图。宣传标语、警戒线及公示栏等要一应俱全。所有考场均

统一在门口张贴考场编号等标志，黑板上张贴《考生考试规则》、《国家教育考试违规处理办

法》（摘录）、《监考员守则》，书写监考员姓名，考试科目及时间，自治区及考点的举报电话

等。考场内适当的醒目位置书写或张贴半米见方的考场编号标志，且在前方摄像头监控覆盖

范围内。考点考场布置完毕要有专人统一在非考试时间进行检查验收。

（四）各考点必须

做到全封闭管理，严把“入口”关。进入考点必须查验证件。工作人员要严格按照《考点工

作人员守则》相关规定进入，考生凭二代居民身份证、准考证及学生证进入；考生进入考场

前，监考员必须用金属探测仪贴身检查；考试期间，无论是上厕所还是其它事由，考生若离

开考场一律不得再返回考场。

（五）各考点要加大对各考点考风考纪的管理力度。要充分发挥标准化考场的作用，切实保障金属探测仪、手机屏蔽仪及视频监控设备的正常有效使用，切实增强反作弊预防和侦查能力，通过利用现代化技术手段，加强对考点及考场违规违纪行为的严密监控，做到预防有力、发现及时、处理得当。要充分发挥监考员的职能作用，对于那些不履行职责、玩忽职守的监考员要当场撤换并严肃处理。要特别加大对替考和利用无线电通信工具作弊行为的防范和检查力度。

（六）加强考点监控室的管理。视频监考员、系统管理员、纪检人员、武警战士必须配备齐全，同时要杜绝无关人员进入监控室。

（七）本次考试分A、B卷，考生座位号是奇数的应持有A卷，座位号是偶数的应持有B卷，各考点重点要强化对监考人员的培训教育，坚决杜绝试题、答题卡错发（装）、漏发（装）及《考场记事卡》错涂（漏涂）等错误的出现。

三、领送试题（答题卡）的时间、地点及要求

（一）2013年上半年领取试题（答题卡）时间地点安排如下：6月13日上午开始呼和浩特市、乌兰察布市、包头市、鄂尔多斯市、巴彦淖尔市驻地高校考点在自治区教育招生考试中心领取试题（答题卡），驻其它盟市高校考点的试题（答题卡）将于6月7日通过机要方式分别邮寄，有关考点收到机要（试题、答题卡）后，要及时反馈信息，自治区教育招生考试中心联系人：段志，电话：0471—326110

2、13015013766。

（二）6月17日，各考点需将试卷答题卡及已启封但未使用的备用试题和未启用的备用试题送交或以机要方式邮寄自治区教育招生考试中心，地址：呼和浩特市乌兰察布东街甲81号，邮编：010011。

（三）领送试题（答题卡）人员必须有武警(或公安人员)和本考点在职工作人员(至少2人以上)，并用密封性能完好的专车装运试题（答题卡），严禁领送试题（答题卡）的车辆搭载无关人员或物品。

四、加强协调配合和监督指导

（一）各考点要加强与公安、无线电管理等部门的沟通协调，主动争取其对考试工作的重视和参与，特别是在严肃考风考纪、净化考试环境方面，要在考点内部以及考点内部与外部之间努力形成多部门联合协作、齐抓共管的运行机制，共同创造和维护良好的考试环境。

（二）考试期间，自治区教育招生考试中心将继续派出巡视评估人员，对各考点考试的组织管理及考风考纪情况进行监督指导和巡视评估。各考点要做好协调配合工作，考前，要向巡视员汇报组织准备等工作情况，考试结束后还要与巡视员进行交换意见，并协助巡视员做好各考点监控录像资料的拷贝工作。

五、其它

实行日报告制度。试题从进入考点保密室起至答卷送交自治区教育招生考试中心为止（或发出机要为止），各考点每天在17：30之前通过RTX系统的“英语四六级考试”群组向自治区教育招生考生中心报告当天试卷安全保密情况及考试情况。考试期间，自治区教育招生考试中心值班电话:0471—32618

14、186048888

13、18604888825；举报电话0471—3261805。注意：英语应用能力AB级考试题型：听力、词汇、阅读、翻译、写作；英语B级又被称为大学英语二级，考核大纲1~2级共2500个词汇；英语A级被称为大学英语三级，考核大纲1~3级共3500个词汇。高等学校英语应用能力考试A级历年真题详解(光盘版)

高等学校英语应用能力考试说明

高等学校英语应用能力考试 (简称PRETCO)是由教育部批准成立的高

等学校英语应用能力考试委员会设计、供高职高专院校和成人高专院校学生自愿参加的标准化考试。也是由教育部高等教育司委托全国高职高专英语课程教学指导委员会和全国高等学校英语应用能力考试委员组织进行的国家级考试。本门考试主要考核考生实际应用英语进行日常和业务涉外交际的能力，旨在促进高职高专英语教学向培养高等应用技术型人才的方向进行改革；同时为用人单位提供对高职高专毕业生英语水平的评价标准，以提高其进入人才市场的竞争力。高等学校英语应用能力考试于1998年经高教司批准向部分省、市、自治区推荐试行，2000年正式实施。发展至今，本门考试己为20余省、市、自治区采用，起到了推动高职高专英语课程以“实用为主，应用为目的”的教学改革的目的，并逐渐为人才市场所认可。考试时间：

笔试：每年举行两次，即6月份和12月份/1月份。

口试（试行）：每年暂定一次，即10月份。

考试形式：笔试和听力测试120分钟；口语考试15分钟。考试对象： 高职高专学校修完公共英语课程的在校学生。考点设置： 各高职高专学校。

报名

1）报名资格

（1）高职高专和成人高专院校修完英语课程《基本要求》A级或B级规定内容的学生均可自愿报名。

（2）考生可根据本校规定报考A级或B级。

（3）毕业生离校后不能再参加考试。

（4）凡己取得A级或B级考试合格证书者，不得再报名参加同一级考试。

2）报名方法

（1）以考点（即考生所在院校）为单位自愿参加，集体报名。考点不接受非考点所在院校的考生报名。

考试报名地点：各高职高专学校。

考试合格证书：由国家考委会统一发给 A、B级合格证书或口语合格证书。

考试报名费标准：笔试16元，口语考试35元。(此报名费仅做参考，具体参照具体考点而定。)

考试参考资料：

一、教育部公布的《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》；

二、教育部公布的《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲》；

三、国家考委会公布的《高等学校英语应用能力口语考试大纲》；

四、全国高职高专英语课程教学指导委员会组织编写的《新编实用英语》

教材等。

第11篇：英语三级考试

2013年自考英语考试介绍

考试介绍

·高等教育自学考试是一种对自学者进行以学历考试为主的国家考试，是个人自学、社会助学和国家考试相结合的新型的开放式的社会化教育形式。

·自学考试由国家授权的权威考试机构管理实施。在各级政府和教育行政部门领导下，从国家到地方有一个组织完整、运转协调的管理系统和工作系统，有一套科学严密的考试办法，因此，它能保证国家考试的科学性、严密性和权威性，能通过国家考试有效地促进和指导广泛的个人自学和社会助学，并严格地检验应考者的知识水平和能力水平，具有覆盖全国的规模和巨大的容量。

·自学考试分为专科和本科两个层次，英语是自学考试每个层次每个专业必考的公共课，专科层次考英语

（一），本科层次考自考英语

（二），为全国统一大纲、统一考试、统一教材。

·高等教育自学考试是一种对自学者进行以学历考试为主的国家考试，是个人自学、社会助学和国家考试相结合的新型的开放式的社会化教育形式。

·免考资格

提醒：申请免考需要准备的材料(各地不同仅供参考)

·要求免考部分课程的考生，应在规定的报名时间内向所在的市、县（区）自学考试办公室（以下简称考办）提出申请，填写《课程免考申请表》一份，并提供下列材料。

·

1、原毕业学校或自学考试毕业证原件及复印件一份。

·

2、当年普通高校的应届本科或专科毕业生（最后一学年）可提供学校教务处证明（原件一份）。

·

3、原毕业学校的学籍卡复印件一份，并加盖学校教务处公章（红印）；或者将本人人事档案中的学籍卡复印一份，并加盖本人人事关系主管单位的组织、人事部门的公章（红印）。

·

4、学籍卡应含有每学期所学的课程、学分、学时、考试类型、考试成绩等内容。学籍卡上如有更改记录，应由原毕业学校教务处在复印件上更正之处加盖公章（红印），并由经办人签名。

·

5、自学考试毕业生只需提供本人《毕业生登记表》中成绩栏部分的复印件一份即可。

报考条件

1.凡热爱祖国、拥护四项基本原则，遵纪守法且具有本省正式户籍的公民，不受年龄、职业、学历的限制，均可在户籍所在地报名并参加考试。在外地长期工作或居住的人员(含外省在我省长期工作的人员)，也可就近报名参加考试。

·2.经国家教育部正式批准或备案的各类高等学校的专科毕业生，可填写报考本科段资格审批表，申请直接报考本科段。

·自学考生专、本科段可同时兼报，但在领取本科毕业证书前必须先获取专科毕业证书。

·考生报考实践性学习环节的考核，考核所涉课程的理论考试必须全部合格。毕业论文、毕业设计、毕业考核等，须在理论考试全部合格后才能报考。

·提倡在职人员按照学用一致、理论与实践相结合的原则选择报考专业。对某些行业性较强的专业(如公安管理、邮电管理工程(本)、医学类专业等)将根据专业考试计划的要求限制报考对象。

·提示:各地对考试报考资格会有些许差异,请欲报考的考生详细咨询当地人事考试中心。

试卷结构

·英语 （ 一 ）（ 二 ） 在语法要求上没有太大的区别 .英语 （ 二 ） 主要是词汇和阅读理解能力的加深。 ·试卷结构:

·单选 10 分 语法 词汇

·完型填空 10 分 语法 词汇

·阅读 3 篇 30 分

·单词 20 个 10 分

·语法填空 10 分

·中译英 5 句 15 分

·英译中 一段 15 分

报名时间

学位申请

·

1、高等教育自学考试本科毕业生符合学士学位审批条件， 于发毕业证的同时向当地教育考试院或自学考试办公室提出申请，填写学士学位评定表一式2份，交近期2寸免冠照片一张。

·

2、市考试院或自考办对申请人档案材料(包括本科毕业生鉴定表、毕业论文原件及论文成绩单)和毕业生填写的学士学位评定表进行审定，无误后，于3月底报省考试院。

·

3、省考试院整理汇总各市地申报的学士学位材料，进行初审，初审合格者将考生档案材料与学土学位名册于每年4月推荐给有授予权的主考学校。

·

4、主考学校学士学位主管部门和学术委员会按要求对申请学位者逐个评审，评审合格，授予学士学位，未通过者不再补授。

合格标准

·2012年自考英语考试成绩合格标准为60分（满分100分）

成绩查询

2013年4月自考英语考试成绩查询时间于5月份开始。查看2013年4月自考英语考试成绩查询时间汇总 毕业手续

·考生根据专业考试计划自己判断并申请毕业，市自考办不负责通知考生办理毕业手续。

·凡符合毕业条件的考生，在规定的时间内(上半年6 月上旬，下半年12月上旬，具体时间以当地自考办安排为准)持《准考证》、《身份证》、全部《课程合格证》，办理本科毕业证者还须持有专科及以上毕业证原件，到所在市自考办申请办理毕业证书，经市自考办初审符合条件者，打印考生基本信息单，交考生核对签字，并发给《高等教育自学考试毕业生思想品德鉴定表》。在职人员由考生所在单位的人事(劳资)部门的负责人写出评语，加盖单位公章;非在职人员由乡政府或街道办事处审核并写出评语，加盖公章。

·经市自考办、主考院校、省自考委三级审核后，符合条件者，发给毕业证书及毕业生档案。

第12篇：英语教学法考试题型

Part I.Definitions 定义

Part II.Choose the best choice单选

Part III.Multiple choices多选

Part IV.Decide the following sentence true [T] or false [F] 正误判断 Part V.Problems and solutions 教学事件问题和解决方法 Part VI.Answering the following questions 回答问题

Part VII.Leon Planning 教案设计

第13篇：英语二考试大纲

首先变化在于：

第一，词汇题删掉了。

第二，翻译题分值由20分变为15分。形式是一样的，仍然是短文翻译，但是短文的字数减为150词，比原来短3行。

第三，增加了新阅读10分，新阅读可能会有3个题型：7选5段落填空，段落小标题，对错判断题。

第四，增加了小作文。形式可能会是：有信函letter，报告report，备忘memo，摘要abstract。 第五，作文是25分，分为A节和B节。A节是新加入的作文形式，10分。B节是沿用原来的作文形式。

第六，大的方向变化还有一点，旧大纲里词汇是5800，而现在大纲的词汇去掉了300词商务词汇，大纲的词汇只有5500。

首先，新加入的阅读题是新大纲的焦点，这对我们的考试会有什么影响？词汇换成了阅读的B节，词汇题与新阅读题到底哪个得分更容易呢？从以往的经验上看，词汇的得分一直很稳定，一般是5到6分，虽然不多，可是至少还在。而变成了新阅读题后，得分就没有底了，这极大地增大了考生的负担。以前备考词汇题，我们的复习没有负担。我们的思路是，对词汇题不理不睬，你特意复习这个词汇，成效是不高的。你的成绩只能是从你平时的积累来的。然而这道新阅读题型，你不理不睬是不行的， 到考场是得不了分的。这个变化提高我们今年考试的难度。

其次写作，增加了新的作文，分值来源于翻译的分数。这个就造成了我们3小时的考试时间可能会有一点紧张，毕竟你要写两篇文章。从这个量上面来看，新的试卷要比老的试卷难度更大。从分数线来看，你们不要在意；从难度上，这个难度提高很大。

接下来，我们看一下具体的变化点：

一、新阅读。

大纲里指定新阅读有三种题，即三种题型选考一种。选择权不在我们手中，而在出题人手中，具体的考试题型只能在1月9号才知道。

题型1：大完型7选5。

要求跟小完型是一样的。一篇文章，里面有5个空，选项是7个段，从这7个选项段里，选出5个填入文章空中。小完型是填词，而大完型至少是一个句子，甚至是一个段落。那这样以来，文章的长度会比去年的阅读文章长度长一倍，原来的是500词，而现在的文章至少应在700词。这就要求我们的阅读方式必须发生变化，否则是读不完的。

大完型在我们国内PETS5（公共英语5）和普研（从2005年开始考了4次）已经出现过多次。以普研为例，普研大纲自2005年改革后，大纲指定的新题型有4种，除去大完型外，还有3种其他形式的新题型，但是5年中有4年就是在考“大完型”。因此，我们也要对大完型相当小心。

题型2：段落小标题。

一篇文章上面会有7个选项，这7个选项是7个小标题，后面的文章至少有6个段落。第1段落不出题，接下来的段落是完整的，你需要从前面的7个选项中为这接下来的每个段落选择一个小标题。

分析大完型与段落小标题这两种题型的区别。大完型是原文里面有的，出题人只是把一些段落从文章里拿出来，打出来后做成题的选项。与大完型相比，段落的小标题是原文中没有的，都是出题人自己设计出来的。本质上，这道题是在考段落的主旨，或者说是小结。

如果这道题出现在了试卷上，那就会对旧阅读试卷产生一个重大的影响。在以前我们的旧试

卷中，阅读题是不考段落的主旨题的。旧阅读里的段落考题，有3种题型：其一，信息分布，根据某段请选择正确的选择，是考句子的题。其二，考上下句的词，确定某个词或句子的含义，或者考例子，这也是考句子的题。其三，考段落的主旨。而有了新阅读的段落小标题后，旧的阅读题里就不会再考段落的主旨题。这就意味着，旧的阅读抓细节抓得更多。 题型3：对错判断题。（TRUE or FALSE）

在一个文章后，会有5个陈述句。这个陈述有可能是一句话，也有可能是两句话，但不会是一个段落。你需要根据文章来判断5个陈述的对错。

这样的题在普研里是没有的。

这道题好不好做呢？

这道题考查的是句子，这5个陈述是与文章中的某个句子相配的，而不是跟整个大段落相配的。这道题的本质就是考查对文章某句话的改写，让你判断这句话是正确的改写还是错误的改写。难度在于，你怎么从文章中找到与陈述相配的句子，这是最难的。

这道题是来自于雅思的阅读题，但难度比雅思低。雅思里除了TURE和FALSE外，还有一个NOT GIVEN。NOT GIVEN把TURE和FALSE的界限弄模糊了。

但是我担心， 前两种题是考研里一直考的。而这道对错题，是普研没有考过的。如果出题人想把MBA出得有特色一点，避免与普研卷相同，那么这道对错题出现的机率将会很大。如果我是出题人，我就选这道题，难度不高，而且又与普研不同，很合适MBA新试卷。

但我们还要考虑到，对错判断题会对机器阅卷造成很大的麻烦。机器阅卷的程序都是ABCD四选一，这次改为T/F对错，就需要对机器程序做重大改革，这会很麻烦的。

以前我们也有过命题改革，曾经有一次改革后要加入听力命题。但宣布后，发现命题的操作非常困难，就把普研的听力题直接拿过来用了！更可笑的时候发现，我们的考生根本不接受这样的考题，这样的考题不是一般的考试，而是考听写，要写出来句子的。所以我们02的考生，都把耳机挂在了脖子上。这样的抗议产生了一个结果，就是听力题不计入结果。

因此，这次的改革，出题人也可能会考试到试题阅卷的操作难度，有可能会选择大完型。因此，大完型和对错题是我们准备的重点题型。从下次课开始，我会重点讲解新的三个题型。

二、新写作10分。

有信函letter，报告report，备忘memo，摘要abstract。这个比阅读还麻烦，作文，我们会有足够的模板对付它。但是这样的四选一，就造成了我们备考的麻烦。

如果他们有惰性的话，那就时考信函。普研自从2005年改革后，虽然也有信函、报告、备忘、摘要、便条，但普研一直是考了5年的信函。如果MBA不想多做改变，那就会像普研一样考信函、如果MBA想改，有可能会考摘要abstract。其他的报告、备忘的操作性太差，如果要写，那么报告会可能是“调查报告”。

信函有3种：社会交往信函，比如：祝贺信。公务函，比如，询问信。

社会交往信函，受制于文章形式，没有多少内容可写，不满足80到100字的要求，出题的可能性小。

而公务信函就有很大的可能要出题。形式主要有：询问信、建议信、求职信、推荐信、邀请信、投诉信、辞职信、感谢信、道歉信。

在备考中，要重点准备这9种形式的信。每封信是6个句子左右，每种信函，你至少要准备3个句子。信函考试的是说话的方式，这是一种交流，必须要考虑到收信人与你的关系。你能否礼貌地说话，是考试的重点。

以询问信为例，第一段，开门见山地说出写信的理由。第二段，询问的信息，这是出题人在题中已经给定的，但是不能直接问。如果某人考清华大学，要求写信问一下分数及学费。能

直接问：你们学校得多少分？你们要收多少钱？这样问，直接被扣分，没礼貌！礼貌的问，是陈述的语气，“I’m wondering„..”。第三段，是感谢，同时要求别人回信。不能短短说thank you。

但是询问信中，只有第二部分，询问的信息是变化的，其他的理由、感谢、要求回信，都是固定的模板。这些模板需要背，只不过你要背的是9种作文形式的模板。

除了公务信函外，还有摘要（80到100词）是我们重点备考的对象。摘要的题型是出题人给出一篇汉语文章，然后考生要写出80到100字的英文摘要。一篇汉语文章比起英语文章，好处在于至少你能读得懂，而且能顺利地找到文章的重点句子。英文的摘要是一边读一边抄，中文的摘要是一边读一边翻。为了避开我们抄，出题人摒弃了从英文写英文摘要，就采用了从中文写英文摘要的模式。我们通过汉语文章选出来重要句子后，要把这些重要句子翻译成英语文章，就是摘要。唯一的难是，汉翻英会难度高一些。不过大家想想，MBA的作文，不就是在汉翻英吗？旧试卷里我们在写作文时，是给自己定了一篇汉语文章，然后翻译成文章。唯一不同的是，现在摘要的翻译是别人给定了一篇汉语，然后要求你翻译成文章。这样难度就增加大了。

总的来说，阅读里三选一，写作里二选一。新增加了5个项目。考试的难度大大地增加了。但考生在备考计划中，不要改变你的复习计划，毕竟旧阅读40分和旧翻译15分、旧作文15文这一共70分的知识是没有变化的。

我们对比下新旧大纲的题型和分值。

旧试卷里的分值分布是：

词汇题15分。

完型题10分。

阅读40分。

翻译20分。

作文15分。

新试卷的分值分布是：

英语知识应用（即完型题）10分。

阅读题50分，含旧阅读40分和新阅读10分。

翻译15分。

小作文10分。

大作文15分。

第14篇：英语四六级考试特点

2014年英语四六级考试特点 全国大学英语四六级考试委员会近日宣布，将从今年12月考次起，对四六级考试的题型和结构作局部调整：原来的“完形填空”被取消，而“汉译英”从单句翻译改为段落翻译，而且增加了10个分值。

此次调整主要有四个变化。一是原来的复合式听写改为单词及词组听写，短文长度及难度不变。要求考生在听懂短文的基础上，用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。短文播放三遍。二是原来的快速阅读理解改为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。三是原来的五个单句汉译英改为一整个段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字、六级长度为180-200个汉字，而且分值从原来的5分提高到15分。四是原来的完形填空题被取消。

第15篇：初一考试英语作文

I like sports such as races, the high jump and the long jump very much.I get up early to run for half an hour every day to make me strong.I took the third place in the 800-metre race in our school sports meet last year.Our school will hold a sports next month.I’d like to be in the 800-metre race and the 1000-metre race.I will train hard from today on and try my best to win the 800-metre race.

第16篇：大学英语三级考试

2006年1月浙江省大学英语三级考试

Part II Vocabulary

21.The couple are unable to have children of their own, so they decided to _____ a daughter.

A、adoptB、adjustC、adaptD、appoint

22.I find this book of great _____ in helping me get along well with others.

A、wealthB、priceC、usefulneD、value

23.I’m sure I have seen that man before but I can’t _____ where.

A、remindB、retellC、recallD、recognize

24.Convenience foods which are ready for cooking are _____ in grocery stores.

A、availableB、capableC、acceptableD、probable

25.They had a heated discuion on the topic but came to no _____.

A、endB、ideaC、resultD、conclusion

26.In the past few years the school has _____ a lot of money improving the teaching equipment.

A、costB、paidC、spentD、taken

27.The school bus got out of ____ on the way to school this morning, so all the students were late.

A、wokB、functionC、powerD、order

28.Road safety should be taught to young children to _____ road accident.

A、avoidB、refuseC、denyD、ignore

29.It is difficult to _____ what the long-term effects of the reform will be.

A、investigateB、informC、broadcastD、predict

30.His _____ novel is more interesting than any other novels he’s ever written.

A、firstB、latestC、formerD、later

31.It’s time for us to take measures to stop water _____ as it is getting more and more serious.

A、conditionB、pollutionC、standardD、population

32.Jack invited me to his birthday party but I didn’t _____ his invitation.

A、acceptB、receiveC、answerD、reply

33.We don’t think anyone can _____ us with being irresponsible for the students.

A、chargeB、accuseC、scoldD、blame

34.To my horror, I found my drinking was starting to have a _____ effect on my work.

A、harmleB、negativeC、uniqueD、positive

35.I don’t want to get _____ in the argument about whom to blame.

A、interestedB、involvedC、absorbedD、focused

36.Wearing a bright-colored silk dre, she _____ in the crowed.

A、stood outB、stood upC、stood forD、stood by

37.– Mr.Smith hasn’t got married, has he? – Yes, he has._____, he has a daughter already.

A、As a matter of factB、As a ruleC、InsteadD、However

38._____, the floor is wet.We have just cleaned it.

A、Look aroundB、Look backC、Look outD、Look down.

39.– Would you do me a favor and take me the box upstairs? – _____.

A、My pleasureB、Never mindC、With pleasureD、I’m glad to hear that

40.Henry tried many times to _____ smoking but failed.

A、give outB、give inC、give offD、give up

Part III Structure

41.I can’t stand him.He always talks as if he _____ everything.

A、knowB、has knownC、knewD、had known

42.I’m sorry, but there are _____ for Sunday’s concert.

A、no tickets availableB、not tickets available

C、no available ticketsD、not available tickets

43.All flights _____ because of the terrible weather, the Smiths had to go back to the hotel.

A、had been canceledB、being canceledC、having been canceledD、were canceled

44._____ for your lazine, you could have paed the entrance examination.

A、If it were notB、Had it not beenC、Weren’t itD、If it had been not

45.Once upon a time, _____ known by the name of Rip Van Winkle.

A、a man lived thereB、there lived a manC、lived there a manD、lived a man

46.He said that he would take part in the oral English contest, _____ is most unusual for him.

A、thisB、itC、thatD、which

47.– Do you want to see my driver’s license or my paport? – Oh, _____.

A、either one will doB、either does wellC、all will doD、each will be fine

48.A language lab with 40 computers _____ to the middle school as a gift.

A、was givenB、would have givenC、were givenD、had given

49.He _____ to have the examination yesterday evening, but he went to the concert instead.

A、would comeB、must have comeC、need comeD、should have come

50.Linda _____ an eay about customs in China last week and I wonder if she has finished it.

A、wroteB、has writtenC、was writingD、had written

51.Is this the washing-machine that you want _____?

A、to have been repairedB、is repairedC、to be repairedD、will be repaired

52.I don’t think you have met him before, _____?

A、don’t IB、haven’t youC、do ID、have you

53.The foreign languages school has a large collection of books, _____ are in English.

A、many of themB、many onesC、many of whichD、many books

54.Do you think _____ poible to master a foreign language within two months?

A、thisB、itC、thatD、which

55.It was in this factory _____ “West Lake” sewing machines were made.

A、whereB、thatC、in whichD、there

56.– David speaks English very well.– _____.

A、So he does, and so do youB、So does he, and so you do

C、So he does, and so you doD、So does he, and so do you

57.The wooden house is still in excellent condition _____ it was built over 100 years a

A、sinceB、becauseC、despiteD、though

58.I am strongly against his proposal that the plan _____.

A、be cancelledB、will be cancelledC、to be cancelledD、shall be cancelled

59._____ I want to know is how long it will take to finish the building.

A、ThatB、WhichC、WhatD、Whether

60.The project _____ by the end of 2004 has benefited 100,000 people in the city.

A、completedB、being completed C、having been completedD、to be completed

Part IV Reading Comprehension

Paage One

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following paage:

Why don’t birds get lost on their long migratory (迁徙的) flight? Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years.Now they are beginning to fill in the blanks.

Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours.But what about birds that fly mainly by night? Tests with artificial (人造的) stars have proved conclusively that certain night-flying birds are able to follow stars in their long-distance flights.

One such bird – a warbler – had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky.Yet it showed an inborn ability to use stars for guidance.The bird’s cage was laced under an artificial star-filled sky at migration time.The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins.Any change in the position of the artificial stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.

Scientists think that warblers, when flying in daylight, use the sun for guidance.But stars are apparently their main means of directed flight in the night.What do they do when stars are hidden by clouds? Apparently, they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines and river courses.But when it is too dark to see these, the warblers circle helplely, unable to find their way.

61.Which of the following is NOT true about migratory bird’s flight?

A、Some birds fly mainly by day.B、Some birds fly mainly by night.

C、Birds like to fly during daylight hours.D、Birds depend on the sun or stars to guide them.

62.What do we know about the experimental warbler?

A、It was set free for the experiment.B、It had never flown freely outdoors.

C、It had never been placed under the sun.D、It had lost its way in its daylight flight.

63.What do we know about warblers as a whole?

A、They do not have intelligence.

B、They tend to take the same route as other birds.

C、They do not need to learn to fly in the right way.

D、They cannot sense changes in the position of the moon.

64.What does the paage say about warblers’ sense of direction?

A、They get lost under star-filled sky.B、They lose their way when it is too dark.

C、They are not able to see clearly at night.D、They usually depend on clouds for direction.

65.What does “fill in the blanks” in the first paragraph mean?

A、“to do the exercise”B、“to take the test”

C、“to know the right words”D、“to know the answer”

Paage Two

Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following paage:

How men first learned to invent words is unknown.All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to expre thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down.Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.

The power of words, then, lies in their aociations – the things they bring up before our minds.Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the happy and sad events of our past; the more we read and learn, the larger the number of words that mean something to us becomes.

Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also expre these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to out minds and feelings.This attractive use of words is what we call literary style.Above all, the real poet is a master of words.He can expre his meaning in words which sing like

music, and, by their position and aociation, can move men to tears.We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them correctly, or they will make our speech dull and silly.

66.Which of the following did men invent first?

A、WordsB、SoundsC、SignsD、Letters

67.Why did men invent language?

A、To be different form animals.B、To make their ideas known to others.

C、To make nice sounds for others to hear.D、To have something to write down with.

68.Which of the following is true of words according to the paage?

A、Their power is beyond imagination.

B、They last longer than signs or sounds.

C、They remind people of their past experience.

D、They enable people to live longer and read more.

69.Why does the author mention “poet” in the last paragraph?

A、A poet is full of great thoughts and feelings.

B、A poet is an example of good language users.

C、A poet tells of the glad and sad events of his past.

D、A poet knows more sounds and words than others.

70.What is the best title of the paage?

A、Language and Its Use.B、Language and Human Experience.

C、Poet: A Master of Words.D、How Language Came into Being.

Paage Three

Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following paage:

In the 1800s, trains roared into stations.They were symbols of progre and expansion.They played as much of a role in America’s history as presidents and generals.

The first American railroads were built in the late 1820’s.The early railroads provided cheap transportation for shippers and travelers.To encourage the railroads to expand into unsettled land, President Millard Fillmore signed a series of landgrant acts (土地拨赠法案) in the 1850’s.These acts gave the railroad companies ownership of land that ran along the railways.In return for the land, the railroads carried government traffic at reduced rates.The railroad companies sold much of their land to farmers and cattlemen, who then shipped their goods on the trains.

The importance of the railroads became clear during the Civil War.During the war, trains carried troops, arms, and supplies.One reason that the North won the war is that it had more use of the railroads.

Between 1865 and 1900, railroads grew rapidly.The first transcontinental (跨越全洲的) route was completed in 1869.This track made easier for pioneers to cro the Rocky Mountains and settle the West.And the railroads brought new people to the West even before the trains started running.Thousands of Chinese and Irish laborers helped to lay down the tracks.

71.When were the first American railroads built according to the paage?

A、Around 1800.B、Around 1830.C、Around 1860.D、Around 1890.

72.Which of the following is NOT a result of the landgrant acts of the 1850’s?

A、The railroads expanded into unsettled lands.

B、Farmer and settlers received land for free.

C、The government could pay le for its railroad use.

D、Farmers and cattlemen bought land form the railroads.73.What was one of the reasons that the South was defeated in the Civil War?

A、The South was short of military supplies.

B、Only the North owned railroads and trains.

C、The South failed to make good use of railroads.

D、The North used railroads to attack the Southern army.

74.Which of the following best exprees the main idea of the paage?

A、Railroads grew rapidly between 1865 and 1900.

B、Railroad construction created a lot of jobs.

C、Trains carried Chinese and Irish laborers to the West.

D、The first railroad that reached the West was completed in 1866’s.

75.Which of the following best exprees the main idea of the paage?

A、Railroads grew rapidly between 1865 and 1900.

B、Railroads played an important role in American history.

C、Trains helped pioneers to cro the Rocky Mountains.

D、Trains controlled American economy in the 19th century.

Part VI Translation from Chinese into English

81.只要你们降价5%，我们就打算向你们大量定货。

82.孩子们喜欢言行一致的父母。

83.通过社会实践，我们可以学到许多书本上学不到的东西。

84.据报道美国总统将于明年二月访问中国。

85.– 我能不能把你的书带回家，明天还给你？– 行。

Keys

21.A 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.D 30.B 31.B 32.A 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.

A 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.D 41.C 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.B 46.D 47.A 48.A 49.D 50.C 51.C

52.D 53.C 54.B 55.B 56.A 57.D 58.A 59.C 60.A 61.C 62.B 63.C 64.B 65.D66.B 67.

B 68.C 69.B 70.A71.B 72.B 73.C 74.C 75.B 81.We are going to place large orders with you if you reduce your price by 5%.82.Kids like parents whose words are in accordance with their deeds.83.Through social practice we can learn a lot which can not be got from books.84.It is reported that the U.S.President will visit China next February.85.-- Can I take your book home and return it to you tomorrow?-- Ok.

2006年1月浙江省大学英语三级考试试卷答案 Part I Listening Comprehension

Part II Vocabulary

21.A22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.D28.A29.D30.B31.B32.A33.A34.

B35.B36.A37.A38.C39.C40.D

Part III Structure

41.C42.A43.C44.B45.B46.D47.A48.A49.D50.C51.C52.D53.C54.

B55.B56.A57.D58.A59.C60.A

Part IV Reading Comprehension

keys: 61.C62.B63.C64.B65.D

keys: 66.B67.B68.C69.B70.A

keys: 71.B72.B73.C74.C75.B

Part V Translation from English into Chinese

76.Still, there is much parents can do to help their kids develop and enjoy a lifelong interest in reading.your answer:

key:然而，父母们可以做许多事来帮助孩子们发展和享受终生的阅读兴趣。

77.Until you discover what your child likes to read, select books that you loved when you were small and new stories that strike your imagination.

your answer:

key:直到你发现你的孩子喜欢读什么，在这之前就选一些你小时候爱看的书或一些能激起你想象的新故事。

78.To get your child hooked on reading, set aside a regular time each day to enjoy a book together.your answer:

key:为了让你的孩子对阅读着迷，每天留出固定的时间和他一起读一本书。

79.If you don’t seem to be enjoying yourself, you’re sending a meage that reading isn’t much fun.your answer:

key:如果你看上去并未在享受阅读的乐趣，那么你就在发出一个信息：阅读不是很有趣。

80.When you go out shopping and your child asks for something, buy a book.They’re cheaper than toys and a far better investment in your child’s future.

your answer:

key:当你出去购物，你的孩子要求买些东西时，就买本书。书比玩具便宜，也是对你孩子将来更好的投资。 Part VI Translation from Chinese into English

81.只要你们降价5%，我们就打算向你们大量定货。

your answer:

key:We are going to place large orders with you if you reduce your price by 5%.

82.孩子们喜欢言行一致的父母。

your answer:

key:Kids like parents whose words are in accordance with their deeds.

83.通过社会实践，我们可以学到许多书本上学不到的东西。

your answer:

key:Through social practice we can learn a lot which can not be got from books.

84.据报道美国总统将于明年二月访问中国。

your answer:

key:It is reported that the U.S.President will visit China next February.

85.– 我能不能把你的书带回家，明天还给你？– 行。

your answer:

key:-- Can I take your book home and return it to you tomorrow?-- Ok.

第17篇：英语四级考试箴言

英语四级考试箴言：每天VOA慢速英语40分钟的精听外加随时随地的泛听，让你得听力之天下；对于阅读，真题训练，提高实力比做题技巧更靠谱；关于写作，体会作文模板之思维方式、结构体例较之背诵满分作文让你更有内容可写。具体来说：

听力：听力是中国学生英语考试的备考弱项。所以才有了“得听力者得天下”的说法。对于提高听力的方法，我认为对于四级来说，就是听VOA的慢速英语。一是里面的每篇文章都有适度的时间，和四级听力中的长对话什么的长度差不多，不会让你听着听着产生疲劳感，从而大大影响听力的效率和效果。二是里面的口音发音清晰，给你的单词库中的读音以正确的引导，也降低了听的难度。就像普通话听起来总比地方方言要省事许多，也更易于日常交流一个道理。确定了合适的听力材料之后，要做的就是频繁地听了，一天里我认为起码要保持40分钟的听力时间，这种时间是用来精听的，但不建议一次就听那么久，早上听20分钟，晚上听20分钟是更为可取的办法。除了精听之外，泛听也是必不可少的，因为泛听可以让你熟悉英语的发音环境，这样在考试的时候，你一听到英语，就不会觉得有种陌生感，这也有助于打消考试的紧张情绪。从自习室到宿舍的路上，或者坐公交车的时候，泛听是打发寂寞感和无聊情绪的不二法宝。

阅读：对于阅读，老师教了不少技巧性知识，比如选项相似的二者必考，选项相反的二者必考，在推断题中讲的太具体的必然不是正确答案之类的。但是我选用的是最古老最没有技术含量的方法——练习。我从10月下旬开始做题。把近几年的真题每隔一天练一次，刚开始错的惨不忍睹，后来就开始有了做题的感觉。我觉得技巧永远是辅助性的，实力才是最重要的。

写作：我只有两个感触，一：模板不是万能的，没有模板是万万不能的。因为模板可以教给你一种思维方式，让你有条理的规划你的行文架构。虽然这次的四级作文题目让人有了“膝盖中了一箭”的感觉，而且我也没有背什么模板，但是单纯看看老师给出的模板，你就可以看出来四级作文更偏爱怎样的文章结构。二：思维方法比单纯背诵满分作文更重要。拿到一个题目，如果说文章结构是骨骼，那么文章中对分论点的具体展开就是血肉。有了良好的思维方法，当你拿到一个题目时，就知道如何分析才能有力地支撑你的论点，知道从哪个方面考虑可以让文章的论述得到更好的展开。

第18篇：英语四级考试技巧

英语四级考试答题方法与技巧

英语四六级考试的题型与分值比例：听力（35%）、阅读（35%）、写作与翻译（20%）和完形填空（10%）

考试时间安排：四级考试是8:45入场，9:00开始考试，监考老师发卷，9:10开始正式答卷，9:10-9:40是写作时间，9:40-9:55是快速阅读时间，然后监考老师收卷一，10：00开始放听力，听力时间是10:00-10:35,10:35-11:20是剩余两篇精要阅读、一篇15选

10、一篇完形填空和5个翻译题的时间（其中包括涂卡时间），11:20监考老师收卷二，考试结束。

以上是考试时间安排，那么我们怎么来利用这些现有的时间答题是非常关键的，首先说一下作文，它一般是给定一个题目，然后给出一部分汉语要求，最后要求你在30分钟内写一篇120词的文章，写作的时间最好在20-25分钟之间，过早地写完或者过晚都不好，因为在写作的时间里只允许写作文，不允许做其它的题目，早写完剩余的时间就浪费啦，25分钟写完剩下5分钟查漏补缺的安排比较合理。 写作技巧：首先要字迹工整，不要求有好的英语书法，但是必须一笔一划字迹清晰，最好不要写连笔字，以上是写作最基本的要求。接下来是如何写作，我们一般采用三段式作文的写法，一般是按照提出问题、分析问题、和解决问题的思路。下面我们拿2011年6月份英语四级作文范文为例：

Doing Shopping Online

With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing.Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done.You don’t even have to step out of the room.It seems all easy and quick.

However, people’s opinions vary on this trend.Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving.With plentiful selection options, they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient.Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts.

In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts.In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so we’d better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying.In addition, we should also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account information.文章点评：这是一篇“中等偏上”的作文。 本文先对网购热潮进行简介，引出全篇（提出问题）；接着对网络购物的正反两方面进行对比（分析问题）；最后提出自己的看法结束全篇（解决问题）。整体看思路清晰，逻辑严密，行文流畅，用语较为地道。

我们在写作的时候，可以利用这种范文的格式，考试的时候可以套用一下这种格式，这种文章在四级考试中一般会得到中等偏上的成绩，如果想得到更好的成绩就必须靠你自己的积累啦，比如说让自己的文章更具亮点，你可以利用一些好的句型，比如倒装句、定语从句、虚拟语气等。为了能更好的套用这种范文的格式，这就要求我们在平时的时候多积累一些好的文章，好的句型，我们可以多背几篇范文，这样我们在写作的时候就可以有的放矢。

作文的评分：作文的评分是按档次评分，老师一般会根据第一印象划分作文的档次，这就要求我们在自己文章中的段首句和主要地方露出自己的亮点，并且减少语言错误，这样对我们的得分是非常有利的。 快速阅读：快速阅读的文章篇幅很长，但是它有一个特点，文章后面题目的顺序与文章的顺序是一样的，那么我们就可以利用它来答题，我们不需要读整篇文章，因为快速阅读中没有概括性题目，我们只需要读题目，然后到文章中找答案，这样即可以节省时间，答题正确率也会提高，快速阅读后面问题的题型每年都可能不一样，有时候是十个选择题，有时候是七个选择和三个填空，但是答题要领是一样的。快速阅读在阅读中占71分，即总分的10%，这一部分非常重要，因为快速阅读没有语言难点，有的仅仅是篇幅比较长，只要我们耐心，抓住重点就能在很快的时间里完成这一部分题目，这就需要我们多练习做快速阅读，并且要限时做，做完之后对照答案分析错误原因； 我们平时练习的是应该学会怎么样快读，我们要浏览段首句，学会看小标题，这样在做后面题的时候就可以更快地找到题目所在的位置，然后再细心找到答案，这部分最重要的是审题，并且不要因为篇幅长而急躁。

听力理解答题技巧：听力要求我们在听的时候必须集中注意力，一旦走神，有些题就听不到啦，因为听力除了最后一篇文章其他的题目都只读一遍。

听力平时复习：由于听力占得比重比较大（35%），所以我们必须要

提高自己听力水平，这样才能立于不败之地。听力就是要多听，我们没有必要去额外的买听力材料，一般同学们都会买四六级真题，听真题就行，但是听也是有技巧的，不要一味的盲听，我们要听关键词，听关键句子，比如说时间、地点等，这都是常考的地方，只要是对自己有帮助的方法，可以自己找听力的感觉。四级考试的听力时间应该在十点钟，就是在收了卷一之后，收卷一之后我们有几分钟的时间来审听力题，审题非常的重要，在这一段时间里我们要尽可能多的浏览听力题，而不是做后面的题，浏览要有方向的浏览，不需要细读，只需要知道这道题的方向，到听的时候就可以做到心中有数，然后就着重去听要考的内容，这也需要自己平时多做练习，平时练习的时候可以先分题型练习，然后慢慢地做整套题，慢慢的听得多了,就会有所收获。还有就是最后一道听力填空题。有些同学往往把这道题放弃啦，这是非常错误的一件事，因为这道题没有语言难点，有的仅仅是句子比较长，我们可以听大致的意思，然后自己组织语言也是可以的，因为这道题的分值比较大，往往写上贴边上的句子也能得分，而单词填空的时候我们一定要注意单词的形式，不要自己明明听到了而写的时候单词形式是错误的，这样的失误不要出现，听听力的时候我们要多动笔， 把有用的东西记下来。

十五选十：这道题目的难度不大，只要我们能够分清所需词汇的词性，然后根据文章对号入座就可以啦，这要求我们在平时多记一些单词，分清单词的形式和词性，然后去做一些练习题，这样在考试的时候我们就可以轻松应对啦。

精要阅读：精要阅读是四级考试中的重中之重，因为他只有两篇文章10个小题，却占考试总分的20%，所以这两篇阅读理解需要我们去精读，精做，必须要保证正确率，首先我们平时要积累一定的词汇量，这对我们阅读是非常有帮助的，怎么积累呢？我们平时就可以做阅读来积累自己的词汇量，做阅读的时候，把自己不会的单词记下来，查出意思及词性，然后背下来，因为阅读理解中的词汇都是重点词，高频词，这样会省掉一部分我们背单词书的烦恼，还可以培养自己的阅读能力；平时我们要限时做练习，保证正确率。阅读首先要注意审题，因为阅读理解是精读部分，里面往往有细节问题，这就需要我们细心并且耐心的读，因为这部分分值比较大，所以多花些时间在这上面也是值得的，做题的时候有的题我们可以用排除法，去掉错误的，就能得到正确答案，这部分我们在平时练习的时候一定要注意总结，只有总结才能提高。

完形填空：完形填空做的时候有很多技巧，题目中会有固定搭配，固定的短语，常用情态动词的使用，也有上下文的连接，还有转折词语的使用等，平时我们要多做练习，找不到答案的时候不要急躁，顺着文章往下读，也许答案就在后面，然后积累一些常用的短语，考试的时候可能会用到。对于这部分题目的做题方法很简单，可以用排除法，根据上下文填空，也可以根据词语的词性和形式进行判断。 翻译句子：这部分就是平时对短语的积累。

答题顺序安排：听力之前按顺序来，之后可以自己安排，一般来说是精要阅读——完形填空——十五选十——翻译句子，别的不重要，我个人认为精要阅读要放在第一位，这个自己可以去试一下，看看哪种做题顺序更适合自己。

最后祝愿大家顺利通过四级考试！

第19篇：英语A级考试作文

作文一：假设您是某公司销售部经理David Wang,给总经理写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.本人参加了美国纽约电子产品展览会，为期一周； 2.本公司设了3个展台，产品深受客户欢迎； 3.有5家美国公司与我们签订了销售合同； 4.我们的产品在美国市场一定会有良好的前景； 5.客户希望我们能够提供优质售后服务。 Dear General Manager，

First of all，I would thank you for giving me the chance to take part in the 11th New York Electronic Product Fair.During the seven days，my colleagues and I learned a lot。

On the fair，we company set up three exhibition stands。And the products were popular among many customers。Having signed the sales contracts with altogether five American companies，we were confidently and positively looking forward to the good prospect of our products in the U.S market。In addition to the appreciation to the good quality of our products，the customers also hope we can provide excellent aftersales services。

We well give you detailed report next Thursday。 Best regards。

Sincerely yours，

David Wang Manager of Sales Department

作文二：说明：假设你是某公司人事部职员王林，为安排一次职工的假期旅行，向某旅行社写信询问有关事宜。

内容：1．询问旅游信息(如：线路、价格、折扣等)； 2．告诉对方参加旅游的人数和时间安排； 3．索要相关的资料，特别是行程安排； 4．告之联系方式。

Words for reference： Travel Agency 旅行社

Dear Sir Or Madam，

I\'m Wang Lin，an HR staff from×× company.We are going to arrange our staff to have a traveling vocation next month．There are 30 people for one week．Would you please send me some related information，such as the traveling route，price，discount，especially the schedule arrangement．

I am looking forward to hearing from you soon．

your sincely，

Wang Lin 作文三：假设你是某公司的员工Susan Waters，根据下列内容给公司人事部经理Ms.Bush写一封辞职信。

写信日期：2010年12月19日 内容：1.表示要辞职；2.解释辞职的原因（自拟）；3.告知离职的时间（一个月后）；4.对于在工作期间所得到的指导和帮助表示感谢。 辞职 resign v./ resignation n.

Dec.19, 2010 Dear Ms.Bush, I’m writing to resign my job in this company.It’s a pity that I have to leave the company, but I have accepted a position that is more suitable to my career objective in another company.I plan to leave the company one month later, so please make my resignation effective before Jan.20, 2011.And I will turn over my job to my college this month.I do appreciate the guidance and help that I have gained in this compoany.The working experience and good relationships with my colleges here will be a valued part of my life.Best wishes to you and the company.

Sincerely yours, Susan Waters

作文四：说明：根据下面中文信息写一封询问信。 发信人：Mark Zhang 收信人：Mr.Smith 发信日期：2009年12月22日

内容：1.Mark在最近的广交会上认识了Smith先生；

2.Mark对Smith先生所在公司展出的新款手机很感兴趣；

3.询问产品的详细信息，包括产品的规格、颜色、价格和功能等； 4.说明该款手机市场销售前景看好；

5.希望和对方建立长远的上午关系。广交会 Guangzhou Trade 规格 specifications

Fair Dear Mr.Smith, I\'m Mark Zhang.I met you for the first time during Guangzhou Trade Fair recently.I\'m interested in your new mobile.Could you please give me some information about the new product that produced by your firm? Please tell me the specifications as well as the color about the mobile.Also I hope you can tell something about the price and functions.I\'m confident in the market situation of your new product. I hope we can have a nice and lasting cooperation.

yours,sincerely

Zhang 作文五：

邀请人：王力 被邀请人：John Smith 内容：王力及其妻子邀请John Smith夫妇来家中参加儿子一岁生日宴。时间定于6月10号下午七点在皇家饭店举行。

回复：Smith回复自己将于近日回国处理公司要事，不能前往，表示歉意。

June 4th，2010 Dear Wang：

Thanks too much for inviting us to join your son’s birthday party.I have seen the lovely baby before and it is worth celebrating for him and your happy family.But I regret that I cannot go to the party at that time.You know our company has a branch in America and it has something serious happened which needs my immediate decision.Thus I should go back as soon as poible.I am really sorry for my absence.Hope you will have a wonderful party and a good time.

Sincerely， John Smith

作文六：假设你是一个医疗设备公司的经理。你收到一家代理公司的经理Peter Smith先生的信。他想了解你公司的情况，你写信向他介绍并表示希望他能作为你公司的代理。

公司名称：广安医疗设备有限公司

成立年份：1980年公司总部地址：中国神州市主要产品：医疗测试设备雇员人数：1000名，其中120人从事研究与开发销售市场：大部分产品销往东南亚和南美。

医疗测试设备medical testing equipment 总部headquarters从事engage in 东南亚Southeast Asia代理agent

June 20th, 2010 Dear Mr.Smith, Thank you very much for your interest in our company and products.Our company, Guang’an Medical Equipment Corporation by name, was established in 1980.Its headquarters is located in Shenzhou China, which mainly produces medical testing equipment.Now, the company has 1 000 employees, 120 of whom are engaged in the research and development of the products.And most of our products are exported to Southeast Asia and South America.I am looking forward to having you as our agent, and if poible, we will stick together to seek common development.

Sincerely yours, Bill Johnson

作文七：[说明] 请给经理写一份电子邮件，要求购买电脑和打印机(printer)。

[内容] 因为现有电脑和打印机已使用五年以上，经常出现故障，影响工作；此外，3名新员工也需要电脑。总计需购买电脑8台、打印机1台，需要人民币约5万元。 Dear manager, I am writing for a purchase request of some computers and a printer for the following reasons. First, the computers and the printer we are using in the office have been used for more than 5 years.They are so overused that they often break down and bring us a lot of trouble when we are working.Second, we have 3 new employees this month, and they also need computers for daily tasks. What we need to buy now are 8 computers and 1 printer, which will cost about 50,000 Yuan totally. Thank you for considering this request and I am looking forward to your reply. Best regards.

Sincerely yours,

Wendy

作文八：发件人:路静 发件人e-mail 地址:lujing@126.com 收件人:李路收件人e-mail 地址:lilu77@hotmail.com 发件日期:2008年4月15日

主题:预约—— 预定5月20日到北京出差,希望到时可以到李路公司拜访她.计划在京停留一周,希望李路可以安排合适时间与她会面,不胜感激.并表示很期待与她的会面.From: lujing@ 126.com To: lilu77 @ hotmail.com Subject: Appointment in Advance Date: April 15th, 2008 Dear Li lu, We had not seen each other since we graduated from the University since 2006.I am scheduled to visit Beijing on busine on April 20th, and wish to call on you at your office. I will be staying in Beijing for about a week.It would be appreciated very much if you would like to arrange to meet with me at your convenience.I think we will have many things to tell each other. Thank you in advance for your kindne.I am looking forward to meeting you in Beijing soon.

Sincerely, yours

Lu Jing 作文九：

假定你是李明，给北京市奥组委写一份申请函，申请做一名奥运会的志愿者。 写信日期:2007年12月23日

申请函需要包括:1.个人信息（年龄、性别、特长、外语能力、社会活动经历等) 2.担任志愿者的理由

3.希望担当的志愿者工作（如导游、翻译或接待服务等） 4.联系方式。

志愿者: volunteer 奥运会:the Olympic Game

Application Letter To: Beijing Organization Committee for Olympic Games Form:LiMing

December 23,2007 I am writing to apply as a qualified Olympic Volunteer.I am greatly interested in the \"Olympic Volunteer Recruitment\". I am twenty years old , male.As I Major in English ,my fluency in both Mandarin and English guarantees that I will meet the language requirement for many kinds of volunteer positions , such as English guider, interpreter and consultants, etc.What\'s more , I have been an enthusiastic participant in many international exchange programs , which are reflected in my attached resume.Therefore , I believe my communication skills make me qualified for such a post. I am looking forward an interview .Please contact me at 1234567.

Yours sincerely, Liming

作文十：说明：以院学生会名义通知全体学生会干事于本周四晚上6：30在学院会议室开会，讨论学院毕业晚会的相关事宜，请准时出席。通知时间为2008年11月24日。

Notice December 24 All the Director-General of Student Union ①are requested to be on time in the college conference room at 6:30 this Thursday evening to discu the ②College Graduation Party.

Student Union

作文十一：

说明:假如你是Jenny Wang， 给某手机专卖店写一封投诉信。 写信日期:2012年6月17日

内容:1.今年五月初在你商店购买了一款新型手机 2.手机使用不到一个星期就出现故障

3.已经维修了两次，仍然不能正常使用

4.要求调换 注:手机型号、价格、具体故障自拟 退货: refund 调换: replace(ment) Dear sir , I bought a late-model phone,Iphoe 4s,in your store in early May this year.I paid 4999 yuan for it,which is a large sum of money to me.However,there was something wrong with the phone after being used for no more than a week.Sometimes I can\'t receive calls when other call me,which has serious effects on my work.I have had it repaired twice,but it still doesn\'t work in order.So I strongly ask forreplacing it or refunding.Please consider it . I am looking forward for your reply. Best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Aad

作文十二：说明:请以王华的名义向商店经理写一封投诉信。 内容如下: 投诉人:王华

投诉对象:第一百货公司 投诉商品:SQ200手机

投诉原因:不能拍照，不能收发短信，…… 投诉要求:退货或更换 提出希望:及早回复

写信日期:2008年12月21日

December 21，2008 Dear Manager, I am writing to complain about the SQ200 mobile phone,which I bought in No.1 Department Store yesterday.I\'m sorry to tell you that the cell phone doesn\'t work when I try to take photos and send text meages.What\'s worse, it automatically turns off sometimes.I really appreciate it if you can refund me or replace it for me .I\'m looking forward to your early reply. Sincerelyyours,

Wang Hua

第20篇：英语三级考试英译汉

英译汉

A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used.

那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 All that glitters is not gold.闪光的东西，未必都是金子。

Apples here like water and sunshine.这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。

As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。

Bill hit his car into a wall last night.昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。

Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up.历史每重演一次，代价就增加一分。

Give us a few more minutes to decide 再给我们一点时间来做决定

He has sympathy for all poor people 他对所有的穷人有一颗同情心

He has taught English in this university ever since he moved to this city．自从移居到这座城市以来，他就一直在这所大学教英语。

I am wondering who broke the window 我想知道是谁打坏了窗户。

I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang.我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。

If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause.如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。 In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。 In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’ test papers.外语系用阅卷机给学生批卷。

In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one.像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到。

John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant.尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。 Please give this book to whoever comes first.请把这本书给最先来的人。

Please move your chair to the window 请把你的椅子移动到窗口

Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years.泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。

The girls are busy making preparations for the weekend party 女孩们正忙于准备周末的聚会

The more paions we have, the more happine we are likely to experience.我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。

The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, etc.大气中的气体、水、岩石等都是无机物中最普通的实例。 The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening, reading and writing.老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写。

There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction.由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。

This place has plentiful material resources.这个地方有丰富的物质资源。

Though it was late, they kept on working.尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。

Tom（人名有可能变化或Fred）was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the cla.汤姆是一个学习十分用功的学生，以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。

Transistors are small in size and light in weight.晶体管的体积小，重量轻。

Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics.各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。 Wang Li’s（人名有可能变化） father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。 Who\'s going to answer the telephone?/Who\'s going to answer the door? 谁去接电话？/谁去开门？ Would you please help me with this heavy box? 你能帮我拾一下这个很沉的箱子吗？

You needn’t go there anymore.He already knows about it.你不必去了，他已经知道那件事

Do you think students should do a part-time job?你认为学生应该做兼职吗？

I think the picture shows us how fruits is neceary to life.我想这幅图是告诉我们水果是生活中不可缺的。

《考试英语.doc》

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