推荐第1篇：英语高级写作教案
英语高级写作课程教案
学期：2012 — 2013学年第2学期 学时：32 学分：2 授课对象：外国语学院10级英语专业学生 教
材：《写作教程 第四册》，2007，
上海外语教育出版社 任课教师：宇文静 陈琳
1．课程成果：
通过本课程的学习，学生能够初步掌握科学研究的基本方法和能力，巩固和加深所学的基本理论和技能，了解英语论文写作的有关知识、技巧、和策略，选择和确定适当的论文题目，初拟论文提纲。
2．教学方法：
课堂讲授，举例，演示
3．课程考核：
课程成绩（100%）=平时考核（100%）+期末考试（0%）平时考核 100分=100分+0分
1.平时成绩：100分折合为总成绩的100% 注： 100分： 作业8次中取5次，每次20分；
0分： 随机抽查5次出勤，不计分，3次无故缺勤者取消其成
绩。
2．期末成绩：无 3．考试方式：大作业
1 Lecture 1: Introduction to Thesis Writing (Unit 1)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Understand the aim of the course 2.Grasp generally some information about graduation thesis 3.Understand what constitutes a good topic for research
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
1.Principles and Requirements of Graduation Thesis 2.Components of Graduation Thesis 3.Steps of Graduation Thesis Writing
四、教学内容
Introduction to Graduation Thesis 1 What is a thesis?
It is a research paper composed by a college student when he/she has finished college study with the help of his /her supervisor, which is also called graduation thesis.2 Significance of thesis writing a.Institutional purpose: b.
Personal purposes: 3 Scales of thesis writing Literature, Translation, Linguistics, TEFL, Cro-Culture, Other social science ( e.g.Busine English, EST, etc.) 4 Evaluation of a thesis Letter grade ( A.B.C.D.F) is based on its content, structure, language and format.Apart from that, oral defense also counts in many colleges, and so does it in our institute. 5 Principles of thesis writing Learning Principle; Independence Principle; Scientific Principle; Scholarly Principle; Creative Principle; Norm Principle.6 Requirements of thesis writing Length; Format; Content; Book binding and layout.7 Steps of Graduation Thesis Writing Choose a topic, collect and organize materials, compose the first draft, revise the draft and finalize it.
五、作业
Read Unit 2 after cla..
Lecture 2: Choosing a Topic for a Thesis (Unit 2)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know what steps to follow when choosing a topic 2.Learn how to improve topics that have problems
2
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Know how to work out an effective research topic.
四、教学内容
1.Principles for choosing a thesis topic Significance (Importance) and Interest; Manageability/Practicality; Flexibility 2.What topics should be avoided? 3.Proce of choosing a topic Decide on the subject area---------Choose a topic---------Focus into a question---------Design a title 3.1 Subject areas: literature, linguistics, translation, TEFL, cro-culture and other subject areas 3.2 Finding a Research Problem 3.3 Design a title 4.Exercise 1: literary criticism /comparative study Exercise 2: revise the following topics
五、作业
Search for as many thesis titles as poible to get the idea of title designing and design your own title..
Lecture 3: Collecting & Organizing Material (Unit 3)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Learn how to find and evaluate the sources 2.Learn how to document the sources .
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Choose proper material; write a thesis statement.
四、教学内容
1 Major sources of related literature 2 Guidelines for choosing proper materials 3 Documenting material 4 Reading in depth Exercise : Analyze the different parts of the following thesis statement.
五、作业
Read the textbook Unit 3 and create your working bibliography, using APA style.
3 Lecture 4: Outlining a Thesis (Unit 6)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know the format of an outline 2 Be familiar with the types of outline 3 Grasp how to construct an outline.
二、学时安排
2 hours
三、重点难点
1 The format of an outline 2 How to construct an outline .
四、教学内容
1 What is an outline? 2 The Benefits of an Outline 3 Proce of constructing a thesis 4 Types of the outline 5 Formats of the outline 6 Conventions and contents of outlines 7 Principles for Structuring an outline Exercise: Outlining the following thesis
五、作业
Based on your topic and thesis statement, with the accumulation of related material, please construct your own outline.
Lecture 5: Introduction Writing (Unit 7)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Master the elements of the Introduction chapter of a thesis.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Understand and know how to compose the Introduction chapter.
四、教学内容
Components of the Introduction Chapter: Introduction Background of the study
The profeional significance of the study Overview (structure) of the thesis Exercise:
Find the problems in the Introduction chapter of the thesis at hand.
五、作业
Finish the introduction chapter for your thesis.
Lecture 6: Literature Review (Unit 7)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know what are included in a literature review 2 Know how to compose a literature review .
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master how to organize a literature review and how to summarize and paraphrase.
四、教学内容
What is a Literature Review? Procedure for Writing a Literature Review Exercises:
1: Find a focus for the following titles 2: Write a Summary
五、作业
Write a literature review briefly.
Lecture 7: Quotation (Unit 8)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Master the way of quotation.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Different quotation formats for different material.
四、教学内容
Differences between quotation and citation Types of quotation: direct and indirect Quotation of different material: Poetry, drama, etc.Exercise:
Revise each of the following sentences, deleting quotation marks used inappropriately, moving those placed incorrectly, and using more formal languages.
五、作业
Remember the format of quotation.
5 Lecture 8: Citation (Unit 8)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Master the way of citation.
二、学时安排
2 hours
三、重点难点
Different citation formats for different material.
四、教学内容
Purposes of documentation Types of citation: In-text Citation and References Formats of In-text Citation: MLA, APA, Chicago Manual style
五、作业
Remember the APA format of citation.
Lecture 9: Methodology (Unit 4)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know how to conduct a research in a linguistic thesis 2.Know how to write the methodology part in a linguistic thesis 3.Know how to write a good findings and discuion
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master how to conduct a research in a linguistic thesis.
四、教学内容
Definition of Methodology Methodology in a thesis on linguistics 1.Components 2.Organization
3.How to carry out research 4.Findings and Discuion Exercise: Analyze samples: What research tools are used? How?
五、作业
Learn SPSS after cla: SPSS教程 .
6 Lecture 10: Methodology (Unit 4)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know how to design a good questionnaire; 2.Master the methods to interpret a work of literature.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master questionnaire design and how to interpret a work of literature.
四、教学内容
Questionnaire design 1.Criteria for a good questionnaire 2.Steps for questionnaire design 3.Exercise: Proce the following data Methodology in a Literary Thesis 1.Methods: explication(解读), analysis, comparison and contrast 2.Literature Criticism:
五、作业
Design a questionnaire to collect opinions of the second- year Non-English majors on their L2 learning strategies.中国非英语专业大二学生英语学习策略
Lecture 11: Conclusion, Abstract & Acknowledgements (Unit 7)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
1.Know how to write the Conclusion of a thesis 2.Know how to write the Abstract of a thesis 3 Know how to draft Acknowledgement.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master Conclusion writing and Abstract writing.
四、教学内容
Conclusion Writing 1.Restatement 2.Summary 3.Future research direction Abstract Writing 1 Types of Abstract: descriptive and informative
7 2.Requirements 3 Key Words Acknowledgements 1.Purposes 2.Requirements Exercise: Read the following abstracts and then discu the merits and defects of the abstracts.
五、作业
Choose key words for your thesis.
Lecture 12: Format-Listing Sources (Unit 8)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Know how to document sources at the end of the thesis.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master the use of punctuations and italicization.
四、教学内容
Basic rules for bibliographic citation 1.Authors 2.Books 3.Author with an editor 4.Author with an translator 5.Work in an anthology 6.Magazines 7.Encyclopedia or dictionary entry 8.Electronic sources 9.Notes: Chinese references Exercise: Create the Reference entry with the given information
五、作业
Design your own references.
Lecture 13: Format and Mechanics (Unit 8)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Know some rules of format and mechanics.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master Contents format and Page number format.
四、教学内容 Format 1 Contents 2 Tables and figures 3 Page numbers Mechanics 1 Capitalization 2 Abbreviations 3 Italicizing and underlining 4 Numbers 5 Tables and Figures Exercise Find out the problems of the following Contents
五、作业
根据以下论文内容，加页码并自动生成目录
Lecture 14: Language Style (Additional Material)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Know the characteristics of thesis language.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master diction and voice.
四、教学内容 Diction: formal Tone: Judgment: careful and impartial basic tone: rational, impersonal and unemotional Voice: third-person pronouns (he, she, they or it)—subjects of sentences Economy: write concisely and straightforwardly Use of Tenses: 1.Literature 2.Theory or philosophy 3.Research results 4.Review of literature Unbiased language Constructing paragraphs a paragraph—a single unit declare a point—offer support for the point
9 A topic sentence—a tiny thesis statement Exercise: Find out the problems of these sentences.
五、作业
Revise your introduction and literature review parts.
Lecture 15: Summary (Unit 9)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Get a systematic idea of thesis writing.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点
Master the requirements of structure, language and format.
四、教学内容
Title: informative, revealing Abstract: should contain the following elements Research topic, research purpose, research methods, research results, implications, conclusion.Key words: high frequency in the thesis, focus of the thesis, 3-5 words Introduction: a.Background of the study
b.The profeional significance of the study c.Overview (structure) of the thesis Literature Review: Cover the basic categories • Introduction: central theme or organizational pattern • Body: Organize sources chronologically, thematically, or methodologically • Conclusions/Recommendations: Discu what you have drawn from reviewing literature so far.Where might the discuion proceed? Methodology:
what (tool/instrument); Who(subjects); How(data collection, procedures) Findings: Data presentation & data description Discuion:
Supplying meaning to statistics, tables, charts, etc.
Making comments that are relevant to the research intention/purpose Conclusion:
Restate the research purpose, some background information, etc; Summarize research design, results, interpretation and implication, etc; Suggest future research direction by pointing out limitations of the study and tentative proposals for future research.Acknowledgements:
a.confined to one page, immediately after the Conclusion b.language: sincere, brief, proper
10 c.Order: More important-le important; Individual – collective References:
英文参考文献基本格式：
期刊： 作者. 文章名.（需用引号，且引在“.”之外）期刊名（斜体）.第几期（年代）：页码.专著： 作者.文献题名（斜体）.出版地：出版社, 出版年.
中文参考文献基本格式：
专著：主要责任者.文献题名[文献类型标识].出版地：出版社,出版年 期刊：主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名,出版年(期)：页码.language:
formal, objective, concise, proper Contents: 自动生成目录，注意页码及字号。
Tables and figures: 注意标题书写，Tables两边不封。
Page numbers: 正文前和正文的页码不同，前者小写罗马数字，后者小写阿拉伯数字，需用分隔符。
Exercise: Evaluate the two sample papers on page 154-215
五、作业
Review what we have learned.
Lecture 16: Oral Defense (Additional Material)
一、课程成果（Outcome）
Know how to give a good oral defense.
二、学时安排 2 hours
三、重点难点 PPT design.
四、教学内容
Introduction to Oral Defense Purpose: examine whether the researcher understand and master the research and the thesis. Components: Presentation + defense Requirements: design PPT; Presentation 10minutes; defense 10minutes. Prepare for the oral defense 1.Circulate the thesis to the other committee members.2.Be familiar with the structure, contents, research method, major findings and major arguments.3.Explain the thesis briefly.4.Prepare in ppt format.Your focus: topic, research method, findings.Support the argument with clear, brief examples.5.Presuppose questions and prepare answers in advance.6.Committee members make comments or suggestions; you need not have to defense.Respond politely with gratitude.
11 Tips during oral defense: 1.Properly dreed 2.Keep confident 3.Bring with you a pen and paper; thesis better 4.Be polite; show gratitude 5.Ask for the question again or make sure the question if you do not hear clearly about it.6.Don’t argue with teachers but explain your idea with proofs.7.Pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation and try to make you easily understood.8.Make your answer concise and to the point.Exercise: Analyze some samples.
五、作业
Review what has been learned in this cla.
推荐第2篇：英语作文高级写作素材
英语作文高级写作素材—背诵，日积月累，灵活运用
1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2.The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant aociations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3.No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4.People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
范文背诵：Smoking Is Harmful
According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.Many young boys and girls have the habit of smoking, though they are middle school students
As we all know, smoking does great harm to human beings.More and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is.But they are never bored with it.Some people think it is a kind of fashion, some think it is of great fun and others think that smoking can refresh themselves.
Smoking causes many illnees.A lot of people always cough because of smoking.The most serious illne caused by smoking is lung cancer.Meanwhile smoking is a waste of money.Besides, carele smokers may cause dangerous fires.
In order to keep healthy, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking.Please stop smoking at once.
据说，中国有一半人在吸烟。许多男孩和女孩都有吸烟的习惯，尽管他们还是中学生。 众所周知，吸烟对人身体有害。越来越多的人们认识到这个问题的严重性，但他们仍然乐此不疲。一些人认为抽烟是一种时尚，一些人认为抽烟很有趣，还有一些人认为吸烟可以提神。
吸烟能导致很多疾病。由于吸烟，一些人一直在咳嗽。肺癌是吸烟导致的最严重的疾病。同时，吸烟很浪费金钱。除此而外，粗心的烟民还可能引起火灾。
为了保证人们的身体健康，我们应当改掉吸烟的坏习惯。请立即停止吸烟吧。
推荐第3篇：英语写作130个高级形容词
130個高級形容詞
口語運用頻率較高的130個高級形容詞。對於這一類的單詞要求就是會讀，發音就非常正確；意思一定弄懂，能夠熟練自然地運用在日常口語會話中，一定是要能blurt out脫口而出！
1． fantastic 奇异的，很棒的 2． amazing 惊人的，很棒的 3． absurd 荒谬的
4． unbelievable 难以置信的 5． intelligent 聪明的 6． annoyed 惹恼怒的 7． gorgeous 华丽的，豪华漂亮的
8． brilliant 辉煌的，卓越的 9． monotonous 千篇1律的 10． doleful 无聊的 11． stringent 严格的 12． efficient 高效的
13． outstanding 杰出的 14． adventurous 爱冒险的
15． impatient 没耐心的 16． practical 实际的 17． romantic 浪漫的 18． deliberate 故意的 19． ambitious 有雄心壮志的 20． organized 做事有条理的 21． reserved 矜持的，寡言内
向的
22． sociable 好社交的 23． talkative 爱说话的，唧唧喳喳的
24． unusable 于众不同 25． avid 贪婪渴望的 26． greedy 贪婪的
27． understanding 善解人意的
28． dedicated 专注的，献身的 29． incurable 无可救药的 30． pretty shy 非常害羞的 31． outgoing 外向的
1 32． disorganized 有条理的 33． frank 坦白的，
34． generous 慷慨的，大方的 35． tolerant 容忍的，宽容的 36． inexperienced 无经验的 37． mischievous 恶作剧的，淘气顽皮的
38． sensitive 敏感的 39． sensible 明智的，有判断力的
40． emotional 富有情感的，易动感情的
41． sentimental 伤感的 42． responsible 有责任感的 43． innocent 天真的无辜的 44． supportive 能给予帮助和支持的
45． paive 被动的 46． costive 小气的 47． stingy 小气吝啬的 48． malignant 恶意的 49． vigilant 警惕的
50． omnipotent 全能的， 万能的
51． fierce 凶猛的，残忍的 52．
severe
严重的
(SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome）
53． intriguing 有趣的，迷人的 54． retarded 反应迟钝的 55． discreet 谨慎小心的 56． discreditable 丢脸的 57． thrifty 节俭的
58． furtive 偷偷摸摸的，鬼鬼祟祟的
59． shabby 破烂的，褴褛的 60． aertive 过分自信的 61． tangible 切实的
62． tempting 诱惑人的，吸引人的
63． tiring 疲劳的，累人的 64． cynical 玩世不恭的，愤世嫉俗的
65． notorious 臭名昭著的
2
83． spontaneous 自发的，自66． applicable 能应用的，适当的
67． agitated 激动的，不安的 68． boldly 大胆的，显露的 69． eminent 杰出的，显赫的 70． dry 无味的，干巴巴的（这个简单的单词但有生动的用法） 71． doleful 无趣的，郁闷的 72． unavoidable 不可避免的 73． inevitable 不可避免的 74． dignified 尊严的，庄重的 75． indispensable 非常重要的，无可替代的
76． cunning 狡猾的，精明的 77． revealable 暴露的，显露的
78． flashy 光鲜的
79． impreive 印象深刻的 80． rational 有道理的 81． reasonable 有道理的 82． miserable 可悲的，悲惨的
然的
84． diligent 勤奋刻苦的 85． industrious 勤奋刻苦的 86． studious 勤奋刻苦的 87． indolent 懒惰的
88． cosmopolitan 国际化的（多用于形容大都市） 89． radiant 容光焕发的 90． versatile 多才多艺的 91． canny 精明的 92． cautious 小心谨慎的 93． discreet 小心谨慎的 94． immortal 永垂不朽的 95． extravagant 挥霍的 96． idle 空闲的，懒惰的 97． abstemious 有节制的，节约的
98． frugal 节俭的
99． wholehearted 全心全意的 100． competent 有能力的，胜任的
3 101． sympathetic 同情的 102． compaionate 富有同情心的
103． eccentric 古怪的 104． interpersonal 人际关系的
105． introversive 内向的 106． cozy 舒适惬意的 107． lax 轻松的，松弛的 108． conceited 自以为是的 109． extraordinary 不寻常的 110． vernal 春天的，和煦的 111． futile 徒劳的，无用的 112． crooked 弯曲的 113． timorous 胆小，腼腆的 114． harsh 苛刻的 115． consecutive 连贯的 116． anti clockwise逆时针的 117． clockwise 顺时针的 118． dreaded 可怕的 119． instinctive 天生的，本能的
120． bleak 阴冷的 121． brisk 轻快活泼的 122． caustic 尖酸刻薄的 123． brittle 易碎的
124． unceasing 永不停息的 125． climatic 顶点的，高潮的 126． clumsy 笨手笨脚的 127． considerate 体贴的，为他人考虑周到的
128． coherent 一致的，连贯的 129． incredible 难以置信的 130． constant 连续的，持续的
推荐第4篇：英语写作常用高级词汇
英语写作常用高级词汇
常见得分词汇替换表
（冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用后面的词去替换前面）
We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more: increasingly,
Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundle,
Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, exceively, exceedingly, tangibly, impreively, shockingly,
Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent,
Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic,
Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important: significant, eential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible,
Say, Believe，think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, aume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude,
Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover,
Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged that, It can never be denied,
it is undeniable that，It goes without saying that，It is self evident that，It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that，It comforts one to know that„
常见替代词汇解释
1.accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 2.
adequate: “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。
3.
advance: 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progre。 4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。
5.
cannot afford to: “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 6.
be alert to something: “对„保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 7.
alternative: “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that„ 相当于in addition（除此之外）。
8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。
9.
approach / channel: “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等。
10. approve of something: “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。
11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。
12. ban / prohibit something: “禁止，杜绝”，表达这个含义时尽量不要使用stop。
13. barrier / obstacle / impediment: “障碍、阻碍”，名词，在写作考试中经常被用到。 14. capital / fund: 解决社会问题时一般都会提到需要投资，可以用到这两个单词，替代money。
Finance 金融 financial 15. challenging: “困难，有难度”，用来替代difficult。
16. in such circumstances: “在这类情况下”，写作时用于总结某个内容。
17. considerable: “相当大，相当多的”，非常常用的修饰语，比如considerable changes就是相当大的变化。
18. in contrast: “相反”，用来替代我们经常使用的on the contrary，on the other hand。 19. conversely: “相反地”，也可以用来替代on the contrary，on the other hand。
20. copy / repeat one’s experience / succe: “借鉴别人的经验，成功经验”。
21. critical: “至关重要的”，用于替代已经被用滥的important。
22. currently: “目前”，用来替代now，nowadays。
23. damage: 作为名词，含义是“损失、损失金额”，动词“损坏”的搭配能力非常强，和表示物品或抽象概念的词都可以放在一起使用，因此可以用来替代destroy。
24. decline: “衰退”，表示数字下降得比较缓慢，在图表作文中根据图表曲线的实际情况使用，替代我们使用的普通单词decrease。
25. defect: “缺点，不足”，用来替代“shortcoming”。
26. demonstrate / illustrate: “说明，表明”，用在图表作文中替代show，reveal等单词。
27. depict / portray: “描述，描绘”，在漫画作文中替代describe。
28. deteriorate: “恶化”，用于替代get bad或get worse。
29. devise: “设计，指定”，后面可以接表示方法手段的内容。
30. discard / abandon: “放弃，抛弃”，用于表达放弃消极想法或做法。
31. dispute: “争端，冲突”，用来替代problem，argument。
32. drop: “下降”，用来替代decrease。这个词表示下降比较快，如果再用修饰语，应当是sharply，dramatically，drastically。这三个单词一般都用在消极的单词上。 积极的用greatly。
33. eliminate: “消除”，用于写作与社会消极问题有关的文章。
34. emerge as: “逐渐崛起并成为”，这个词组虽然很短，但是含义非常复杂，可以用在文章的开头，表达某种事物或社会现象从无到有，并迅速传播。比如 Internet has emerged as an indispensable channel for people to exchange information。
35. employ: “采纳，采用”，与表示“观点，方法，政策，法令”等英语单词搭配使用，用来替代adopt。
36. enforce: “执行”法律法规，通常用于作文结束部分，对某个社会问题提出解决办法时使用。
37. eential: “至关重要，核心的”，形容词，用来替代important。
38. It is generally established that: “众所周知，公认”。
39.when the situation is reversed: “相反”，用来替代on the contrary。
40. exceive: “过度的”，这个词在表达消极概念时都可以做修饰语，副词形式exceively，比如tap“开发”，就可以说tap something exceively。
41. exchange: 这个词才是文化，教育等方面的“交流”，而不是communication。
42. expand: “扩大”，后面接影响，范围一类的词汇。
43. facet / factor: “方面，因素”，写作时尽量避免使用element，这个词中国人用得不是很好，aspect因为用的人较多，也可以避免。
44. fail to do: “没有能够”，可以适当替换带有cannot的句子。
45. frequently: “经常”，替代often，表示发生频率很高。
46. fresh / novel: “新的”，比如fresh idea等，都可以用来替代我们经常使用的new。
47. fulfill: “完成，取得”，记住以下词组，fulfill the task, fulfill the dream, fulfill the role。
48. give priority to something: “重视，优先考虑”。
49. give rise to something: “引发，导致„的出现”，积极消极概念都可以使用。
50. given that: “由于„原因”，可以用在句子的开始位置，后面接完整的句子，相当于 because。 51. greatly / remarkably: “非常，相当”，作为褒义词，可以用在表示上升、前进、发展等积极含义的单词前面加强程度。
52. guard against: “留心、警惕”，后面使用名词型结构。
53. household: “家庭”，这个词偏重的家庭生活中的设备，物质概念，因此，比如计算机，汽车等设备进入家庭，就应当用enter the household，而不是我们用的home或family。生活垃圾也可以表达为household wastes。
54. be ignorant about something: “对„没有引起足够重视”，表示没有意识到。
55. incidence: “不良事件”，比如incidence of pollution，incidence of fake commodity等等，表示出现上述不良情况。
56. increasingly: “越来越”，副词，可以用在动词和形容词前面，加深程度。
57. indispensable: “不可缺少的，必须的”，写作时可以用来做很多名词的修饰语。 58. individualistic / selfish / self-centered: 都是“自私的”含义，可以交替使用。 59. inspire / stimulate: “鼓励”，替代encourage。
60. for instance: “例如”，虽然这个词组我们经常见到，但很少有人在写作文时用它来替代for example。
61.
instruct: “教育”，名词形式为instruction，同educate，education交替使用。 62.
intend to do: “计划，打算”，可以替代be going to等词组，表达做事的意愿。
63.
make investment into: “投资，投入”，投资是解决社会问题的一个核心方式，因此这个词组在英语写作中经常会用到。
64.
iue: “问题”，中性词，我们平常使用的problem是贬义词，因此比如网络问题等词组都应当用iue来表达。
65.
launch a campaign to do something: “大力开展„活动”。
66.
maintain: “一贯认为，坚持认为”，一般写成somebody maintains that，后面使用完整的句子，用来替代think, believe。
67.
major: “主要的”，用来替代main。
68.
major / primary concern: “主要关注点”，名词， 要说something is somebody’s major concern。
69.
misleading: “误导的，错误的”，替代wrong。
70.
observe: “遵守”，后面接名词，如法律法规等。
71.
be out of / be short of: “耗尽”/“短缺”，用来替代lack，同时提醒大家lack这个词的动词形式在英语中使用的很少。
72.
outlook: “前景，未来”，用来替代future。当然，如果用future，就可以加个修饰语，比如foreseeable future等等。
73.
plummet / slump: “急剧下降”，图表作文中使用较多。
74.
popularize: “推广，普及”，很常用的单词，后面接知识，道理，方法，法律法规等。 75.
poe: “拥有”，用于替代have，既可以表示拥有具体事物，也可以说拥有抽象品质、特征等。
76.
poverty-stricken: “贫困的，低收入的”，替代poor。
77.
practice: “（广泛，大范围）的从事”，常与laws and regulations, policy或其他类似范畴的单词连用，用来替代carry out。
78.
profit: “好处”，这个词本来是指经济上的利润，但现在可以用来替代benefit，表示广义的好处。
79.
progre: “发展，进步”，可以同advance交替使用，以避免重复，并可以替代development。 80.
a range of / a series of / a string of: “一系列”，特别是后两个单词通常都可以用在消极概念前边，可以用作修饰语，增加文章长度。
81.
relieve: “减轻，缓解”，用于消极概念前，
词组为relieve somebody of something“消除某人的„。
82.
soar: “迅速上升”，用于图表作文。
推荐第5篇：英语写作高级词汇[1]
相信大家都有这样的感受，明明是背了很多的单词，可写作文时，总是用一些高中或小学的词汇(又称垃圾词汇)。为了更好的克服这样的情况，我总结了一些常用的替代语，希望对大家有所帮助：
垃圾词汇1：help
典型例句：I’ll help you.
替代语：accommodate
E.g: I’ll endeavor to accommodate you.
垃圾词汇2：helpful
典型例句：Sth is helpful (to sb)
替代语：conducive
E.g: Sth is conducive to sb
鉴于有些作文多关于道德和品格塑造，再给出两个有用的短语：
time-honored时代赋予的
do credit to our forbears继承先辈的优秀传统
垃圾词汇3：show
典型例句：as it shows in the picture
替代语：betray
垃圾词汇4：think
典型例句：I think ---- ----
替代语：deem
垃圾词汇5：ugly
典型例句：xxx is ugly
替代语：hideous
垃圾词汇6：by the way
典型例句：by the way,....
替代语：incidentally,....
垃圾词汇7：because
典型例句：xxx because xxx
替代语：in that/in as much as
垃圾词汇8：consider
典型例句：We must consider xxx
替代语：allow for
E.g.: We must allow for xxx
垃圾词汇9：much
典型例句：There has been a much increase in the world population
替代语：There has been a drastic increase in the -----
垃圾词汇10：about
典型例句：It is about 250 times of that
替代语：It is approximately ---
垃圾词汇11：buy
替代语：purchase
一、…the + -est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen( known/heard/had/read, etc) QYK英语作文网…the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。QYK英语作文网Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.QYK英语作文网
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*
二、Nothing is + -er than to + V ；Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V QYK英语作文网例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.QYK英语作文网
没有比接受教育更重要的事。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*
三、…cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.（再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。）例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.QYK英语作文网
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 *
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的……） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.QYK英语作文网不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 *
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子…… （全世界都知道……）例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.QYK英语作文网全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 *
六、There is no doubt that + 句子……（毫无疑问的……） QYK英语作文网
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.QYK英语作文网毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
七、An advantage of …is that + 句子 （……的优点是……） QYK英语作文网
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won\'t create (produce) any pollution.QYK英语作文网
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子…… is that + 句子 （……的原因是……） QYK英语作文网
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 *
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子…… （如此……以致于……） 例句：So precious is time that we can\'t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~ （虽然……） QYK英语作文网
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.（by no means = in no way = on no account =at no time = in no case = in no sense = under no circumstances = not ...in the least 一点也不）QYK英语作文网
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 十
一、The + -er + S + V, …the + -er + S + V…QYK英语作文网
The + more + Adj + S + V, …the + more + Adj + S + V …（愈……愈……） 例句：The harder you work, the more progre you make.QYK英语作文网
你愈努力，你愈进步。 QYK英语作文网
The more books we read, the more learned we become.QYK英语作文网
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 十
二、By +Ving, …can…（借着...，..能够..） 例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.QYK英语作文网
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 *十
三、…enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （……使……能够……） 例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.QYK英语作文网
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 *十
四、On no account can we + V…（我们绝对不能……） 例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.QYK英语作文网
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 十
五、It is time + S + 过去式 （该是……的时候了） 例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.QYK英语作文网
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 十
六、Those who…（……的人……） 例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.QYK英语作文网
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。 *十
七、There is no one but…（没有人不……） 例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.QYK英语作文网
没有人不渴望上大学。 *十
八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不……） 例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.QYK英语作文网
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。 *十
九、It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的） It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的） QYK英语作文网
It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的） 例句： It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.QYK英语作文网
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。 二
十、That is the reason why…（那就是……的原因） 例句：Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don\'t like it.QYK英语作文网
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。 二十
一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式（过去……年来，……一直……） 例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.QYK英语作文网
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。 二十
二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。 例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.QYK英语作文网
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。 *二十
三、It pays to + V…（……是值得的。） 例句：It pays to help others.QYK英语作文网
帮助别人是值得的。 二十
四、be based on （以……为基础） 例句：The progre of the society is based on harmony.QYK英语作文网
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 QYK英语作文网
*二十
五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的） 例句：We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.QYK英语作文网
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 *二十
六、bring home to + 人 + 事 （让……明白……事） 例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.QYK英语作文网
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。 *二十
七、be closely related to…（与……息息相关） 例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.QYK英语作文网
做运动与健康息息相关。 *二十
八、Get into the habit of + Ving QYK英语作文网
= make it a rule to + V （养成……的习惯） 例句：We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。 二十
九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, …（因为……） QYK英语作文网
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.QYK英语作文网
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*三
十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!QYK英语作文网
= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么……！） QYK英语作文网
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! QYK英语作文网
How important a thing it is to keep our promise! QYK英语作文网
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！ QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*三十
一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意） QYK英语作文网
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.QYK英语作文网
我们的交通状况令人不满意。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*三十
二、Have a great influence on…（对……有很大的影响） QYK英语作文网
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.QYK英语作文网
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
三十
三、do good to （对……有益），do harm to （对……有害） QYK英语作文网
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。 QYK英语作文网
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*三十
四、Pose a great threat to…（对……造成一大威胁） QYK英语作文网
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.QYK英语作文网
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。 QYK英语作文网
QYK英语作文网
*三十
五、do one\'s utmost to + V = do one\'s best （尽全力去...） QYK英语作文网
例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.QYK英语作文网我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
推荐第6篇：《高级英语阅读与写作》教学大纲
福州外语外贸学院
《高级英语阅读与写作》本科专业课程教学大纲
一、课程基本信息
课程名称：高级英语阅读与写作 课程类别：专业基础课程 学时：
184
学分：12
二、教学目的及要求
目的：有意识地通过阅读与赏析不同文体的范文，在巩固和提高学生英语语言技巧的基础上，着重培养学生驾驭英语语言文学知识和对英语作品的独立欣赏能力，对英语短文的语言结构及文学作品的鉴赏能力。让学生充分领会英语谴词造句、组句成段、连段成章的一般规律，同时接受地道的英语精湛文笔的熏陶。而后从模仿入手，通过不断反复实践，进一步巩固和提高学生的英语语言技能。并且通过写作练习，激发学生自觉扩大阅读面的热情，逐步培养学生的英语语感，提高学生灵活运用英语的书面表达能力以及组织英语篇章的构思能力，使阅读与写作互为促进，相得益彰，尽快提高英语的写作水平。
要求：1）在45分钟内完成400字左右的英语说明文或议论文一篇；2）掌握学术论文写作的基本原则，为撰写5000字左右的本科毕业论文做好准备。
三、教学内容
1.三年级上学期教学内容：
教学内容包括课文教学、写作技巧介绍和学生习作三部分。
课文教学：从《英语》第五册和第六册精选8篇说明文和议论文，其中最后一篇为备用课文，根据上学期的实际周数灵活增减。
1) What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Can Not （第5册第5课） 2) Americans and the Land （第5册第6课） 3) Small Kicks in Superland （第5册第8课） 4) Appetite （第5册第9课）
5) What Is It Like to Be Poor （第5册第10课） 6) Befriending （第5册第11课）
7) She’s an Unwilling Tool of Middlecladom （第5册第16课） 8) Sexism in School （第6册第1课）
写作教学：系统地讲解《北大英文写作教程》的第一部分
Part I Eential Techniques of Exposition Writing (英文写作的基本技法) 1) Recognize the Importance of Exposition writing （文体与遣词） 2) Remember Rules for Good Sentences and Phrases （句段写作） 3) Use Transition Words and Phrases （转换与连接）
4) Understand the “Building Blocks” Writing Types （写作模式） 5) Use Critical Thinking in Reading and Writing （批评性思维的运用）
2.
3.
6)
7) Have a Strong Thesis Statement （主题句写作）
8) Select the Internal Structure of the Eay （内在结构的选择） 9) Follow the Steps of the Writing Proce （写作的步骤） 10) Follow Rules for Document Structure （规范结构的原则） 学生习作
学习每篇课文之后，教师布置学生完成400字的习作一篇，全学期平时习作六篇，期考一篇。作文题目由教师根据大学生感兴趣和关注的问题命题，教师在批改完每次作文后安排一次课堂讲评。经过本学期的学习，期望学生理解中英文写作的异同点，在句段写作，主题句写作，转换与连接，文章的结构方面有所提高。 三年级下学期教学内容：
课文教学：从《英语》第六册和第七册精选7篇说明文和议论文： 1) The Power of Habit （第6册第3课）
2) Language Teaching and Learning （第6册第5课） 3) Apology to the Future（第6册第6课） 4) Money Madne （第6册第9课）
5) The Declaration of Independence （第6册第13课）
6) Vices and Pleasures: The View from Eighty （第7册第8课） 7) The Higher Meaning of Marlboro Cigarettes （第7册第19课） 写作教学：系统地讲解《北大英文写作教程》的第二部分
Part II Eential Components of Exposition Writing （英语文章的基本要素） 1) A Meaningful Title （有意义的标题） 2) Document Structure （规范的结构）
3) A Focused Introduction Section （如何开头） 4) A Thorough Development Section （如何展开） 5) A Summarizing Conclusion Section （如何结尾） 6) A Reference List （引文格式） 学生习作
学习每篇课文之后，教师布置学生完成400字的习作一篇，全学期平时习作五至六篇（根据下学期的具体周数确定）期考一篇。作文题目由教师根据大学生感兴趣和关注的问题进行命题，教师在批改完每次作文后安排一次课堂讲评。经过本学期的学习，期望学生懂得如何为文章写标题，懂得如何开头、展开、结尾，并规范引文格式，在上述几个方面都得到提高。
四年级上学期教学内容：
课文教学：从《英语》第七册和第八册精选7篇说明文和议论文： 1) Do We Need Family? （第7册第10课）
2) Women Are the Prisoners of Their Sex （第7册第11课） 3) Is America Falling Apart? （第7册第12课） 4) Community and Competition （第8册第2课）
5) On the Impact of the Computer on Society （第8册第3课） 6) Home Is Where to Learn How to Hate （第8册第7课） 7) The Nature of Literature （第8册第10课）
写作教学：系统地讲解《高级英文写作教程：论文写作》 1) Unit 1 Stages of Writing an Academic Paper （论文写作的步骤） Short Academic Paper Stage One （论文写作第一阶段） 2) Unit 2 Choosing and Limiting a Topic （选题和确定题目的范围） Short Academic Paper Stage Two （论文写作第二阶段） 3) Unit 3 Reading for Information （阅读收集信息）
Short Academic Paper Stage Three （论文写作第三阶段） 4) Unit 4 Taking Notes （作笔记）
Short Academic Paper Stage Four （论文写作第四阶段） 5) Unit 5 Thesis Statement （论点主题句写作）
Short Academic Paper Stage Five （论文写作第五阶段） 6) Unit 6 Introduction and Conclusion （引言和结论）
Short Academic Paper Stage Six （论文写作第六阶段） 7) Unit 7 Synthesizing Information （综合信息）
Short Academic Paper Stage Seven （论文写作第七阶段） 8) Unit 8 Compiling a Bibliography （编写参考书目）
Short Academic Paper Stage Eight （论文写作第八阶段）
学生习作
学习每篇课文之后，教师布置学生完成400字的习作一篇，全学期平时习作六篇，期考一篇。作文题目由教师根据大学生感兴趣和关注的问题命题，教师在批改完每次作文后安排一次课堂讲评。期望通过本续期的学习，学生能在英语写作速度和技巧方面有更大得提高，并做好毕业论文写作的前期准备工作，如选题和查询参考资料。
四、教材
1.师范院校英语专业用《英语》 5-8册 （黄源深主编，上海外语教育出版社） 该教材获国家教委第三届高等学校优秀教材一等奖。
2.《北大英文写作教程》 (Diane M.Coffman编著，北京大学出版社)
五、主要参考资料
1.英语语体和文体要略 （秦秀白 编著， 上海外语教育出版社） 2.英语文体学引论 （王佐良 丁往道 主编 外语教学与研究出版社）
六、成绩评定
1.平时课堂讨论
20% 2.平时作业
40% 3.期末考试
40%
推荐第7篇：大学英语写作高级句型.doc.
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discuion/ debate
10.有争议性的问题 a controversial iue
11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…
13.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20.…也不例外 …be no exception
21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in / account for
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33.对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blamele / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
40.应当承认 Admittedly,
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progre
50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this iue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56.…必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益.Interest in the long run
60…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，弃其糟粕 Take the eence and discard the dregs.
63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.
67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68.有利有弊 every coin has its two sides.
69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person.
70.重视 attach great importance to…
71.社会地位 social status
72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
76.提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stre/ burden
79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.
80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary.
82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progre
86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
推荐第8篇：高级写作作文
.Science Reveals Why We Brag So Much
人爱“显摆”为哪般？
The Deer Park
During the sunset,the horizon is full of gold in the west and there is a flourishingly green world everywhere on the land.What a marvellous and grand scenery is!Strolling with my friend in the Jiangxi Normal University,we visited the Deer Park where I have never been to.
The green lawn and groves are decorating the enchanting campus every corner.With a few visitors,the surroundings is not very noise,we gradually indulge in the magical world and splendid landscape.
The Deer Park is located in the waters between the Goose Lake and Yao River,which likes a precious stone inlayed in this area.The little sika deer walk at ease lightheartedne back and forth,eating some gra ever and agah, looking up at far and they would cry sometimes,it seems that they are calling something.And not far away,some white geese are paddling each other,some are skywardsing through curved necks,others are staring at reflections in the water,as if itself rambling underthe azure sky and white clouds to look for that used to fly free.To take a broad view there are two pairs of wild migratory geese.One pair lean on each other in the haystack to have a good rest,the other pair slowly cruise in the water they seem to
Taking a break help your Relationship
“分开一段时间”让关系更加紧密
.College is not for everyone
大学不适合每个人
be very quiet.Not know what is in the memory of happy about migration with partners at a autumn.The happiest to be wild ducks, floating in the water in a short while,or not a shadow in sight,then chasing each other playing and vitality,absolutely find pleasure in it.On the seven kilometers of the Yao river their figures are everywhere.The birds\' songs, so pleasant to the ears,coming from the green thicket,and some lovers pa by the animal paradise once in a while or stand still, drinking in the beautiful view.The four fairytale log cabin are their idyllic world,where they live.
Looking up to the sky,the sun is so red that it looks like blood,also dying the floating white clouds to red.The Deer Park is still green and luxuriant,the sika deer,white geese,wild geese and ducks,the flying birds and pedestrian,they all seem to live in their own world but also live in the same one world.
Gap year, finally comes！
你我迟到的间隔年！
推荐第9篇：高级写作作文
The Shortages of Package Tour
I am a traveling fanatic.I love to go on a package tour on holiday, like summer or winter holiday.What’s more, even the weekends.While I love traveling as much as ever, the inconvenience of going out, the behavior of some tourists, and the expensive fee of package tour are reasons for me to wait and go traveling by myself.
To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the inconvenience of going out.Since I joined a package tour, I had to stay with lots of people which I was not familiar with.Though the bus only had a maximum capacity of 35 people, the travel agency crammed 40 of us into the bus.Therefore, I always shared my seat with other tourists.Because I’m a bad-sailor, so when I sat at the back of the car, I often felt uncomfortable.As a result of these me things, I lost my good mood and had no mind to see the charming and excellent scenery.
Second, many of the other tourists are even more a problem than the inconvenience of going out.Little kids ran there and here, usually playing water by the river.Parents need go to warn them with loudly shouting.Teenagers loved to climb and took photos everywhere without caring of danger.So our tour guide was busy warning tourists and getting them together instead of introducing the attractions to us.Sometimes I had no idea about the story of the spot, but my tour guide was so busy on the busine I just told.Puzzled as I was, I had to follow my team in case that
I got lost.It was really annoying.
Finally, the expensive fee of a package tour also let me have another thought.The fee of the package tour is often three times of the price of traveling by yourself.For example, when I worked in a restaurant in a spot, I learned that the tour guide often earned money with their secret dealing with the bo of the restaurant y.If your package tour team had a lunch which organized by the agency, the tour guide often took away 30% or 40% of the fee of the total expense on the lunch.I thought I have been cheated for many times and decided not to go on a package tour any more.
Now I often go traveling by myself or with my friends, it’s cheaper and enjoyable.Not troubled by others, I can put myself in the beautiful scenery and enjoy the joyful our nature creating.So I will continue this way to travel to everywhere I want to go and enjoy.
推荐第10篇：高考英语写作常见的高级词汇
啊高考英语写作常见的高级词汇
老师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇，供同学们参考。
1．occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in reading.→
He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look for They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinary I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting.→
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sit On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换should He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thank Thank you very much for you help.→
We appreciate your help very much./ Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 true I don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research.→
On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because of He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/read After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby ① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming).Do you have any plans? ② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discover The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop, we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think of Jack is very clever.He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.19．be of + n.替换adj. The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention The profeor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do I could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usually More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily gueed.23．lest替换so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.→
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth./ be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much.→
I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very ① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换help Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio? 29．the other day替换a few days ago The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.
30．in the course of替换during In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换most The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up of Our cla consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken ① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired). ② My shoes are worn out (broken).Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换 happen What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35．attend to替换look after 36．on condition that替换as long as 37．neverthele替换however 38．expre one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many 41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some 43．meanwhile替换at the same time 44．get to one’s feet替换stand up 45．beneath替换under 46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47．for instance替换for example 48．seldom替换not often 49．wealthy替换 rich 50．amazing替换surprising 51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
第11篇：英语作文高级写作素材—背诵,日积月累,灵活运用
写作中需要注意的问题
1.整体要求
了解短文写作的内容及要求 把握好写作步骤
写作时要注意“三忌” 形式上要一致
避免犯小的笔误（语法，拼写） 书写规范，工整
2.形式上的一致也是运用英语进行表达时需要十分注意的 a.主谓一致
b.人称、指代要一致 c.平行(对称)关系要一致
d.时态（语态）的起点要一致 3.书面表达注意衔接与连贯
表示转折关系的词：but, while, however, yet, ratherthan, not … but, whereas,…
表示选择关系的词：or, either…or, …
表示原因，结果关系的词：for, thus, because, since,… 表示并列关系：not only … but also, and, both … and,as well as.neither… nor.., …
表示时间关系的词：when, while, as, before, after, ….表示目的的词：for this purpose, so that, in order that, … 表示让步关系的词：although, though, even though/ if …
表示条件的词：if, unle, as/ so long as,…
写好主题句：
一.主题句在段落中常出现的位置由两种。
1.段落开端: 后面的句子提供支持信息或论证。
2.段落结尾：前面提供细节的支持句，最后用一句总结性的主题句来概括。二.写好段落主题句的三原则
1.概括全段主要内容，既不能以偏概全，也不能随意扩大范围 2.有体现中心思想的关键词或短语。
3.以简洁明了的句子为主，避免为追求使用复杂结构而导致理解错误或主题不鲜明的句子。
写好段落扩展句
扩展句是主题句的具体例证或有力支持。写好扩展句要注意以下三点:
1.扩展句要紧扣文章中心和主题句的内容。扩展句是主题句的补充和支持。 2.扩展句的层次很重要。一个主题句可以从以下几方面展开，每一个方面就是一个扩展句。这些扩展句只有按照时间，空间，因果等逻辑顺序展开，文章才能层次分明，条理清晰。
3.关联词对扩展句来说很重要。汉语注意思想相联，英文强调 形式相联。从属于一个主题句的几个扩展句不能简单地堆砌 在一起了事，而要用丰富多采的连词连接起来。
写好结尾句
结尾句要紧扣段落主题，有要有所扩展。 结尾句要力求简洁有力，意味隽永。 结尾句可以借鉴一下几种方法： 1.总结法
2.引用法 引用名人名言是使作文大放异彩的好方法。 3.反问法
英语作文高级写作素材—背诵，日积月累，灵活运用
1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2.The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant aociations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 3.No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 4.People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
范文背诵：Smoking Is Harmful
According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.Many young boys and girls have the habit of smoking, though they are middle school students
As we all know, smoking does great harm to human beings.More and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is.But they are never bored with it.Some people think it is a kind of fashion, some think it is of great fun and others think that smoking can refresh themselves.
Smoking causes many illnees.A lot of people always cough because of smoking.The most serious illne caused by smoking is lung cancer.Meanwhile smoking is a waste of money.Besides, carele smokers may cause dangerous fires.
In order to keep healthy, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking.Please stop smoking at once.
据说，中国有一半人在吸烟。许多男孩和女孩都有吸烟的习惯，尽管他们还是中学生。
众所周知，吸烟对人身体有害。越来越多的人们认识到这个问题的严重性，但他们仍然乐此不疲。一些人认为抽烟是一种时尚，一些人认为抽烟很有趣，还有一些人认为吸烟可以提神。
吸烟能导致很多疾病。由于吸烟，一些人一直在咳嗽。肺癌是吸烟导
致的最严重的疾病。同时，吸烟很浪费金钱。除此而外，粗心的烟民还可能引起火灾。
为了保证人们的身体健康，我们应当改掉吸烟的坏习惯。请立即停止吸烟吧。
第12篇：高考英语作文写作常用的高级句型
例如：As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power. 提高英语写作分数的词组
1.人们普遍认为 It is universally acknowledged that /It is commonly recognized that…
that
knowledge is power.
=It is universally acknowledged 2.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
2.There is no doubt that +从句 (毫无疑问的……)， 3.不可否认There is no denying that…
4.迫不及待地做某事sb can’t wait to do sth /can hardly wait to do sth
例如：
There is no doubt that he came late.
毫无疑问，他来晚了。
5.当谈及某事时
When it comes to sth,
2.There is no denying that +….(不可否认的……)， 6.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…
7.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
8.正如谚语所说
As the proverb goes，
10.对…观点因人而异 views on … vary from person to person.
11.在一定程度上 to some degree / in some way
12.持有某观点 hold the view that……
13.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
14.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
15.随着经济的快速发展
with the rapid development of economy 16..结果 As a result 17..缓解压力relieve stre 18.相反 on the contrary 19.热烈的讨论/ 争论
a heated discuion/ debate 20.完全不同的观点
a totally different argument 21.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to… 22..代替
replace/ take the place of/ in place of 23..把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
24.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
25.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
26.对…产生有利/不利的影响have positive/ negative effects on…
27..对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to 28..采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth 29.导致，引起 lead to/ contribute to 31获得知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 32.做出一切努力去做 make every effort to do sth33.对…有益 be beneficial to…
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 35.重视 attach great importance to…
36.致力于/ 投身于 be devoted to…
37.很重要/很有价值/有益处be of great significance/importance/value/benefit
38.满足需求 satisfy/ meet one’s needs / the needs of…
39. 因特网 the Internet
40.更糟糕的是 What’s worse,
高考英语作文写作常用的高级句型
1.It is universally acknowledged that +从句 (全世界都知道……)，
As is known to us/As we all know, ….(众所周知，……)。
There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased
the production.不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。 3.It is/ was ….that… (强调句型), 例如：It was on the desk that you put your book.你把书放桌子上了。 4.It was not until recently that….( 直到最近, ……) ， 解决。例如：
It was not until recently that the problem was solved.直到最近这个问题才被5.(It is) No wonder that....(难怪……)， 例如：No wonder that he fell asleep in cla.难怪他在课堂上睡着了。
7.Only + 状语， 主句部分倒装 例如：Only then could the work of reconstruction begin.直到那时，重建工作才开始。 8．So + 形容词 + be + 主语+ that + 从句 (如此……以致于……)，倒装句 不起浪费它。例如：So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经9.形容词+ as +主语+ be，主语+ 谓语(虽然、尽管……)，倒装句 例如：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
10.The + 比较级 +主语+谓语， the +比较级+主语+谓语(越……越……)
The harder you work, the more progre you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
The more, the better.越多越好。
11 .It is time + 主语 + 过去式 (该是……的时候了)
使用了虚拟语气
It is time they were taught a leon.他们该接受教训了
注意：此句型可以转化为简单句句型：It is time for sth./for sb to do….例如： It is time for lunch.该吃午饭了。
12.There is no need for sb to do sth.\\ for sth.(某人没有必要做……)，
There is no need for you to bring more food.不需你拿来更多的食物了。 13.By doing…，主语can ….(通过做……，……能够……)，
康。By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
通过做运动，我们能够始终保持健14.Franklky speaking /To be frank/ To tell the truth, ….(坦率地说，老实说, ……) ,
例如choice.: To be frank/ To tell the truth, whether you like it or not, you have no other 15.It is obvious/clear that + 以有不同变化
从句 (…是明显的) 此句型中it是形式主语，其后谓语可例如：It is obvious that knowledge plays an important role in our life. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。
It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of succe but hard work.
一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。 16.I am deeply convinced that….我深信/确信…… 17.No matter + wh-从句，…,
No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it .不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它
No matter what he asks you to do, please refuse him.不管他让你做什么，请拒绝他。注意：此句型一般可以改为疑问词+ever引导的从句，+主句， Whatever he asks you to do, please refuse him.19.主语 + spare no effort/make every effort /do one’s best to do….(尽全力去……)，
We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
20.For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式….(过去……年来，……一直……) 例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 21,主语+ be closely related to ….(与……息息相关)，
例如：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。 22.主语+ get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V (养成……的习惯)，
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。 23.主语 + do good/ harm to sth..(对……有益/有害)，
例如：Reading does good to our mind. Overwork does harm to health.
24.主语 + have a great influence on sth.(对……有很大的影响)，
Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 25.would rather do…than do…(宁愿……而不……), I would rather walk home than take a crowded bus.
26.had / read,etc)
主语+ is + the +形容词最高级+名词+(that)+主语+ have ever + seen(known / heard /
Liu Yifei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen in my life. 注意，比较级的否定句也可以用来表达最高级的意思，
例如：I have never seen a more beautiful girl than Liu Yifei in my life. 在我生活中我从来没见过比刘亦菲更美的女孩。
Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。27 .it took sb some time to do….(花sb 多少时间来做……), As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.
犯错了。It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake.
过了很久，他们才意识到28.spend as much time as he can doing sth.(花尽可能多的时间做某事)，
例如：He spent as much time as he could remembering new words.他花了尽可能多时间记新单词。
29.We will be succeful as long as we….(只要我们……，我们就会成功的) ，例如：
We will be succeful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。 30.It is usele/ no good / no use doing sth.(做……是没有用的) , 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
31.The reason why + 从句 is that + 从句 (……的原因是……)，例如：
The reason why the river is polluted is that the factory has poured much waste into it.这条河受污染的原因是那家工厂向里倾到了很多垃圾。 32 .It will (not) + 时间段 + before…(……需要很长时间),
It will be a long time before everything returns to normal.一切恢复正常需要很长时间。
第13篇：高考英语写作常用的50种高级句型
高考英语写作常用的50种高级句型
推荐常用的50种高级句型，请仔细体会其精妙之处并学以致用：
1) 主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of „ too much.（再怎么强调„„的重要性也不为过。）例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
2）There is no need for sb to do sth.\ for sth.（某人没有必要做„„），例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。
3）By +doing„，主语can „.（借着„„，„„能够„„），例如：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
4) „ enable + sb.+ to + do„.（„„使„„能够„„），例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
5) On no account can we + do„.（我们绝对不能„„），例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
6) What will happen to sb.? (某人将会怎样？), 例如：What will happen to the orphan? 那个孤儿将会怎样？
7）For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式„.(过去„„年来，„„一直„„)例如：
For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
8）It pays to + do„.（„„是值得的。）例如：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。
9）主语+ be based on„.（以„„为基础），例如：The progre of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
10）主语 + do one’s best to do„（.尽全力去„„），例如：We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标
注意：“尽全力”在英语中有不同表达，例如：We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
11）主语+ be closely related to „.（与„„息息相关）， 例如：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
12) 主语+ get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V （养成„„的习惯），例如：We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
1
Owing to/Thanks to sth„ （因为„„），例如：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
13）What a + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + be！= How +形容词+ a +名词+ be！（多么„„！），例如： What an important thing it is to keep our promise！= How important a thing it is to keep our promise！遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
14）主语 + do good/ harm to sth..（对„„有益/有害），例如：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
15）主语 + have a great influence on sth.（对„„有很大的影响），例如：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
16) nothing can prevent us from doing„.(没有事情能够阻挡我们做„„), 例如：All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。
17) Upon / On doing„, „.(一„„就„„.) ，例如：Upon / On hearing of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn’t say a word.一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。
注意：此句型一般可以改为如下复合句句型，例如：As soon as he heard of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he „.
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.他刚来，她就开始抱怨。
No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain.他刚来，就下雨了。
18)
would rather do„than do„(宁愿„„而不„„), 例如：I would rather walk home than take a crowded bus.我宁愿步行回家也不愿做拥挤的公交车。
注意：此句型可以改为prefer to do„rather than do„句型，例如：
I prefer to stay at home rather than see the awful film with him.我宁愿呆在家也不愿意和他去看那部恐怖电影。
19)
only + 状语， 主句部分倒装
例如：Only then could the work of reconstruction begin.直到那时，重建工作才开始。
20)
be worth doing (值得做)，例如：The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。
21）Owing to/Thanks to sth, „.（因为„„），例如：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
2 以下为复合句高级句型：
1）主语+ is + the +形容词最高级+名词+（that）+主语+ have ever + seen（known / heard / had / read,etc）例如：Liu Yifei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen in my life.刘亦菲是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr.Liu is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.刘老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
注意，比较级也可以用来表达最高级的意思， 例如：I have never seen a more beautiful girl than Liu Yifei in my life.在我生活中我从来没见过比刘亦菲更美的女孩。Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
2）There is no denying that + S + V„.（不可否认的„„），例如：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production.不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。
3）It is universally acknowledged that +从句（全世界都知道„„），例如：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
注意，全世界都知道还可以改为以下句型：As is known to us/As we all know, „.(众所周知，„„)。例如：As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
4）There is no doubt that +从句（毫无疑问的„„），例如：There is no doubt that he came late.毫无疑问，他来晚了。There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.毫无疑问，你有困难时，会得到别人的帮助。
5）(It is) No wonder that....（难怪„„），例如：No wonder that he fell asleep in cla.难怪他在课堂上睡着了。
6）So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 从句 （如此„„以致于„„），例如：So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
7）形容词+ as +主语+ be，主语+ 谓语（虽然„„），例如：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
8）The + 比较级 +主语+谓语， the +比较级+主语+谓语（愈„„愈„„），例如：The harder you work, the more progre you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。The more, the better.越多越好。
9）It is time + 主语 + 过去式 （该是„„的时候了）例如：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题
3 的时候了。
注意：此句型可以转化为简单句句型：It is time for sth./for sb to do„.例如：
It is time for lunch.该吃午饭了。
It is time they were taught a leon.他们该接受教训了
10）Those who„.（„„的人„„），例如：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
注意：此句型还可以转化为one/a person who„, 例如：
As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.俗话说，世上无难事，只怕有心人。In a certain sense, a succeful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.在某种情况下，一个成功的科学家就是一个绝不满足于自己已取得的成就的人。
11）To be frank/ To tell the truth, „.(老实说, „„) , 例如: To be frank/ To tell the truth, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.老实说，不论你喜不喜欢，你别无选择。
12）it took him a year to do„.( 他用了1年的时间来做„„), 例如：As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为止我们所知道的是，他用了1年的时间来写这本书。It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake.过了很久，他们才意识到犯错了。
13）spent as much time as he could doing sth.（花尽可能的时间做某事），例如：He spent as much time as he could remembering new words.他花了尽可能多时间记新单词。
14）Since + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + 现在完成式，例如：Since he went to senior high school， he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
15）An advantage of„ is that + 句子 （„„的优点是„„），例如：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create （produce） any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
16) It was not until recently that„.( 直到最近, „„) ，例如：It was not until recently that the problem was solved.直到最近这个问题才被解决。
17) We will be succeful as long as we„.(只要我们„„，我们就会成功的) ，例如：
We will be succeful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。
4 18) No matter + wh-从句，„, 例如：No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。No matter what he asks you to do, please refuse him.不管他让你做什么，请拒绝他。注意：此句型一般可以改为疑问词+ever引导的从句，+主句，例如：Whatever he asks you to do, please refuse him.
19）It’s usele/ no good / no use doing sth.(做„„是没有用的) , 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
20）It’s + a shame / nice/ kind + to do （做.....真惭愧/好），例如：It’s a shame to lose the match. 输了比赛，真惭愧！It’s nice of you to tell me the truth.你太好了，告诉我真相。It’s your turn to look after the young trees.该你照顾这些小树了。
21）It is obvious/clear that + 从句 （„是明显的），例如：It is obvious that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
注意：此句型中it是形式主语，其后谓语可以有不同变化。例如：
It’s certain that he will win the election. 他肯定会赢得选举。
It is true that we must make our greater efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.是真的，我们要作出更大的努力，不然/否则，我们不能赶上发达国家。
It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。
It’s hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说。
It is a common saying that where there is a will ,there is a way.俗话说，有志者，事竟成。
It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population.一定要指出的是国家基本政策之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制人口增长。
It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of succe but hard work.一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。
It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we cannot overcome.从这里可看出，世上没有克服不了的困难。
It has been proved that his theory is right.已经证明，他的理论是对的。
22）It is/ was „.that„ (强调句型), 例如：It was on the desk that you put your book.你把书放桌子上了。It was the doctor that inquired what had happened.医生询问了发生的事情。
5 23）I don’t think / feel/ suppose that„ (否定前移)，例如：
I don’t think that we shall finish it on time.我认为我们不能按时完成（工作）。
24）The reason why + 从句 is that + 从句 （„„的原因是„„），例如：
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
The reason why the river is polluted is that the factory has poured much waste into it.这条河受污染的原因是那家工厂向里倾到了很多垃圾。
注意：表示原因还可用以下句型。请比较：That is the reason why „.（那就是„„的原因），例如：Summer is very hot.That is the reason why I don’t like it.夏天很热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
25）It will (not) + 时间段 + before„(„„需要很长时间), 例如：It will be a long time before everything returns to normal.一切恢复正常需要很长时间。
26) I think / feel/ find it + important/ our duty + to do„ (我发觉做„„重要/是我的责任),例如：I feel it our duty to help the old.我觉得帮助老人是我们的职责。
6 高考英语写作高级过渡语
0 推荐中学阶段应该掌握的高级过渡语以及高考书面表达范文中出现的经典例子总结如下：
1、表起始的过渡语有to begin with, according to, so far, as far as等。例如：
1) As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.
2、表时间的过渡语有first/firstly, in the meantime, at the same time, for the first time, ever since, while, shortly after, the next moment, nowadays, at present, before long, in the future等。例如：
2) After that I went to No.8 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer.
3) Firstly, the technology of ...secondly, people’s income has...Thirdly, mobile phones are....3、表空间的过渡语有on the right/ left, to the right/ left of, on one side of...on the other side of ..., at the foot/ top/ end of, in the middle/ center of等。例如：
4) On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.
4、表因果的过渡语有thanks to, thus, therefore, as a result(of...), with the help of..., owe ...to...等。例如：
5) The company has a succeful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.
6) As a result, many of us succeeded in paing the College Entrance Examinations.
5、表转折的过渡语有on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ...for another, on the contrary, except for, in spite of, otherwise, after all, in fact等。例如：
7) I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.
8) It is hard work; I enjoy it though.
9) Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.
6、表例证和列举的过渡语有that is to say, as a matter of fact, namely, for instance, take...as an example, such as, that is , like, as follows, in other words, and so on等。例如：
10) As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
7 11) There is one more topic to discu, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
12) A particular example for this is...
7、表并列的过渡语有as well as, not only...but (also), including等。例如：
13).Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.
14).All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
15).He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.
16).E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
8、表推进的过渡语有what’s more, further more, on one hand,...one the other hand..., in addition to, moreover, worse still, to make matters worse, but for等。例如：
17).The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still, it is in a bad location.
18).I used to have to work even at weekends doing endle homework and attending claes as well.
20).Another equally important aspect is...
21).A is but one of the many effects.Another is...
22).Besides, other reasons are...
9、表强调的过渡语有：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.., not at all等。例如：
23).Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
24).What in the world/on earth are you doing?
10、表总结用语有：in short; In summary, briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all等。例如：
25).Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.
26).In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.
8
高考英语写作常用的开头模板
0 推荐一般来讲，高考书面表达属指导性写作，开头宜开门见山，直奔主题，也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。范文：
Although there is still much debate over whether the plan of reducing students’ learning load should be carried out, it has indeed brought us many pleasant changes.
下面，请参阅以下几种常用的开头模板：
１.议论文：
1)
Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages．
2)
Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.
3)
When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience.However...
4)
Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.
5)
As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.
6)
Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.
2.书信或留言条：
7)
I am writing to you to apply for admiion to your university as….
8)
I am writing for more information about….
9)
I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...
10)
Thank you for your letter of asking about….
11)
How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.
12)
How nice to hear from you again.
13)
Nice to read your e-mail today.I notice that ….
9
14)
I’m going out shopping, and ….
3.口头通知或介绍情况：
15)
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please.I have an announcement to make.
16)
Attention, please.I have something important to tell you.
17)
Mr.Green, Welcome to our school.To begin with, let me introduce Mr.Wang to you.
4.演讲稿：
18)
Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balanced Diet and Health.
19)
Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.
20)
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.Welcome to this year’s English competition.The topic is ….
5.记叙文
21)
On May 18, 2009 the opening ceremony of the 19th National Book Fair was held in ….
22)
April 12th is memorable because….
23)
What an interesting picture!
24)
Last weekend I had a interview with….
25)
On May Day, Li Hua and Liu Jialin, students from Cla Three, Grade Two, went to ….
One day, on my way to school by bus, I ….10
经典写作模板荟萃
考生应提前掌握一些经典的写作模板，以便在写作时有章可循，快速成文。请仔细体会以下模版的优点并进行套用练习。
经典写作模板1
此模板适用于对比观点题型。其思路是论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。比如”失败是坏事还是好事”，”少看电视多看书还是多看电视少看书”。此类文章的基本结构就是：先提出某问题有两种不同观点，先讨论第一个观点，然后讨论相反的观点，最后给出自己的看法。参考模式如下：
Recently, we have had a discuion about ________ (主题).There are two opposite opinions about it.Those who favour the idea think／Some students hold their view for the reason／Some students agree to the point that ________ (支持A的理由一).What is more, ________ (理由二).Moreover, ________ (理由三).
On the other hand, the majority of people believe that／Those who are against the idea think／Others prefer to do„ Firstly, ________ (支持B的理由一).Secondly (Besides), ________
(理由二).Thirdly (Finally), ________ (理由三).
Personally／From my point of view／I think________ (我的观点).The reason is that ________ (原因).As a matter fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is sorely a wise choice.
模板范文鉴赏：
Recently, we have had a discuion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.There are two opposite opinions about it.60 percent of the students support the point that fee should be charged for parks, because they need money to pay gardeners and other workers.Moreover, buying plants and young trees also need a lot of money.
On the other hand, 40％disagree.In their opinion, people need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away.Besides, it will become neceary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of the city.
Personally, I think an entrance fee should be charged for parks.However, fees should be charged low.
11
经典写作模板2
此模板同样适用于对比观点题型。其思路是首先给出一个观点，说明持该观点者的理由；然后说明自己反对该观点，并列举几点理由。参考模式如下：
Some people believe that ________ (观点一).For example, they think ________ (举例说明).And it will bring them ________ (为他们带来的好处／坏处).
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point／its disadvantages are far more than its advantages.For one thing, ________ (反对理由之一).For another thing, ________ (反对的理南之二).
From all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ________ (我对文章所讨论主题的看法).
模板范文鉴赏：
Some students believe that cheating in the examination is reasonable.For example, they think they have too many examinations, which are too difficult for them.And if they cheat in the examination, they will get better results to please their parents and teachers.
In my opinion, this reason can never be the point.For one thing, it breaks the rules of schools t0 cheat in the examination.For another thing, we students should be honest and try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in the examination.What’s more, we should improve our learning methods and get well prepared for the examinations.
From all what l have said.I agree to the thought students should be forbidden to cheat in the examination.
经典写作模板3
此模板适用于阐述主题题型，其思路是从一句话或一个主题出发, 按照提纲的要求进行论述。其基本结构就是：第一段阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义；第二段分析并举例使其更充实；最后表明自己的立场。参考模式如下：
The good saying________ (名言或谚语) reminds us that________ (释义).Indeed, we can learn many things from it.
First of all, ________ (理由一).For example, ________ (举例说明).Secondly, ________ (理由二).Another case is that ________ (举例说明).Furthermore, ________ (理由三).
In my opinion, ________ (我的观点).In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying________ (这句名言或谚语).If you understand it arid apply it to your study or work, you’11 necearily benefit a lot from it.
12
模板范文鉴赏：
It is said that we are what we eat.So it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits.However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students, which will surely do harm to our health.
To keep tit, first of all, we should have healthy diets.For example, we can often eat proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food.Secondly, we’d better have meals regularly.
In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying we are what we eat.If you understand it and apply it to your life, you’11 surely benefit a lot from it.
经典写作模板4
此模板适用于如何解决问题。本模板的思路就是要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径。基本结构是：1.问题现状和严重性；2.怎样解决(不同解决方案的优缺点)；3.我对解决该问题很有信心。参考模式如下：
In recent years, we have to face a problem that________ (某种问题), which is becoming more and more _______(说明问题现状).As we all know, it is important for us ________ (说明解决问题的重要性).
We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing, ________ (解决方法一).For another, ________ (解决方法二).Finally, ________ (解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that ________ (我的解决方法).Consequently, I’m confident that ________ (对解决该问题很有信心).
模板范文鉴赏：
In recent years, we have to face a problem that many students have poor eyesight.The situation is becoming more and more serious.As we all know, it is important for everyone to keep good eyesight.
We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the problem.For one thing, don’t keep your eyes working for a long time.You’d better have a rest after you have studied an hour or so.For another, take good care of our eyes.Don’t read in the sun or in a poor light.Don’t read in bed or on a moving bus.Finally, do eye exercises every day.It will also help you keep good eyesight.
Personally, I believe only if you obey the rules above can you prevent your eyesight from
13 becoming short-sighted.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us.
经典写作模板5
此模板适用于说明利弊题型。其思路是先说明一下现状，再对比两种情况的利弊，有时也可单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后要表明自己的态度(或对事物的前景提出预测)。文章的基本结构是：1.说明现状；2.优缺点比较(或一方面)；3.你对现状(或前景)的看法。参考模式如下：
Nowadays many people prefer to do ________ (某种行为).Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First, ________ (优点之一).Besides, ________ (优点之二).
But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that ________ (一个缺点).To make matters worse, ________ (第二个缺点).
Through the above analysis, I think we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only in this way, ________ (对前景的预测).As for me, I would like to ________ (我的看法).
模板范文鉴赏：
Nowadays many youngsters prefer to go online in their spare time.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows: first, through the Internet, they can gain new knowledge and the latest news at home and abroad.Besides, network offers them a convenient way to communicate with each other.The Internet makes their life outside cla colorful.
But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that some students prefer to play computer games instead of studying their leons.To make matters worse, there are some students who are often absent from school for days.
Through the above analysis, I think we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only in this way, we can make full use of it.As for me, I would like to go online in my spare time.
经典写作模板 6
此模板适用于社会现象式议论文，其思路是先列出一个具体的社会问题或者现象；然后分析产生的原因和产生的影响；然后提出解决办法；最后预测前景。参考模式如下：
模板：
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social／economic／environmental problem.________ (一个具体的社会问题或者现象) has increasingly become a common concern of the
14 public.According to a survey, ________ (说明这种现象的情况或者举一个例子).
There are a couple of reasons behind this problem／phenomenon.For one thing, ________ (理由一)；for another, ________ (理由二).What is more, ________ (理由三).
Based on the above discuions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ________ (作出某种反应).
模板范文鉴赏：
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon---- with the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.
There are a couple of reasons behind this phenomenon.For one thing, compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting.They can give not only pictures but also sound and animation.For another, there are many websites online which offer varieties of cards for you to choose from.What is more, with the popularity of the e-cards, le paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment.
Based on the above discuions, I can easily forecast that sending greetings by using e-cards will be accepted by more and more people, not only the young ones.
经典写作模板7
此模板适用于图表作文，其思路是先叙述图表内容，再分析具体原因，最后，表明自己的看法或解决方法。参考模式如下：
As is shown／indicated by the figure／percentage / rate in the table／graph／picture／chart, ________ (作文题目的议题) has changed / gone up／increased／drops greatly / significantly／steadily.In ________ (具体时间一) the figure／percentage / rate of ________ (作文题目的议题) was _______ (数据一), while in in ________ (具体时间二) its figure／percentage / rate is _______ (数据二) now.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for this changes / result.On the one hand, ________ (理由一).On the other hand, it is due to the fact that ________(理由二).In addition, ________ (理由三) is responsible for ________.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that ________(我的看法).
也可以套用以下模板：
According to a recent survey, ________ (指出一种现象).A report says that _______ (进一步详
15 细说明).
There are chiefly two / three reasons for it.Firstly, ________ (第一个原冈); secondly, ________ (第二个原因).Apart from the above reasons, ________ (第三个原因)。
By doing ________ (上文涉及之事), ________ (将有什么样的好处或坏处出现).What’s more, (介绍另一个方面的意义).
模板范文鉴赏1：
As is shown in the chart, the ownership of houses in a big city in China has changed greatly in the past ten years.In 1995, 75％of the houses were state-owned.In 2000, the rate of state-owned houses to private ones was 3 to 2, while so far 80％of houses have been private.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for the changes.On the one hand, since 1995, the people’s living standards have been improving.Most of them can afford to buy the houses.On the other hand, the changes are due to the fact that most people do not save a lot of money in the bank for their children like the ideas that parents held in the past.They want to have their own home and enjoy life.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that such changes have had a great effect on the development of society.It does good to both the citizens and the government.
模板范文鉴赏2：
According to a recent survey, there have been more road accidents in our city with the increase of the number of private cars in recent years.A police report says that 387 road accidents happened in 2007.With an economic lo of over 5 million Yuan, 25 people were killed and 189 injured in these accidents, which made up nearly a third of all accidents.What’s more, road accidents tend to increase.
There are chiefly two reasons for it.Firstly, most accidents are caused by driving against traffic regulations or by carele driving.Secondly, some pedestrians also disobey traffic rules.
By warning people of the danger on the road and enforcing the regulations strictly, a11 people will be safer to walk or drive on the road.
经典写作模板8
此模板适用于原因说明文，其思路是首先提出论题，并进一步说明现状。然后分析具体原因，最后，说明解决方法并展望未来。参考模式如下：
These days we often hear that ________ (提出论题).It is common that ________ (说明现状).
As we know, ________ (大家熟知的一个事实).For one thing, ________ (理由一)；for another, ________ (理由二).What is more, since ________ (理由三), it is natural that ________ (引起的后果).
In my opinion, we should ________ (解决方法) to improve the present situation.I do believe everything will be better in the future.
模板范文鉴赏：
These days we often hear that teachers argue that it is quite neceary that listening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination.It is common that most schools don’t practise listening English at a11, and I am worried about it.
As we know, in the study of English, listening is very important.For one thing, listening, speaking, reading and writing are the four basic parts of learning a foreign language.Without listening, we can’t get along well with the others.For another, the English examination itself wouldn’t be complete if there weren’t listening test in it.It can’t reflect the overall ability of the students in learning a foreign language.What is more, when communicating with foreigners, we can’t expre ourselves freely if we can’t understand what they say.
In my opinion, we should take advantage of every chance to practise listening and speaking to improve the present situation.I do believe everything will be better in the future.
17 提高英语写作分数的33个词组
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that„
6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that„/ There is no denying that„/ 9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discuion/ debate
10.有争议性的问题 a controversial iue
11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12.一些人 „而另外一些人 „ Some people„ while others„
13.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14.就„达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on„
15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in„
18.对„必不可少 be indispensable to „
19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20.„也不例外 „be no exception
21.对„产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on„
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33.对„有益 be beneficial / conducive to„
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for„
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blamele / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to„
18 高考英语常见高级词汇汇总
1．occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→ An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in reading.→ He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look for They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinary I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting.→ The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sit On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换should He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thank Thank you very much for you help.→
We appreciate your help very much./ Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 true I don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research.→ On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because of He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/read After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→ Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby ① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming).Do you have any plans? ② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discover The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→ The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop, we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball ( had a good
19 time ).17．come up with替换think of Jack is very clever.He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.(2004天津卷) 19．be of + n.替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention The profeor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do I could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usually More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily gueed.23．lest替换so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.→ I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth./ be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much.→ I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps
26．more than替换very ① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→ I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换help Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio? 29．the other day替换a few days ago The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.30．in the course of替换during In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换most The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up of Our cla consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken ① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken).Please buy me a new pair. 20 34．become of替换 happen What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35．attend to替换look after 36．on condition that替换as long as 37．neverthele替换however 38．expre one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many 41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some 43．meanwhile替换at the same time 44．get to one’s feet替换stand up 45．beneath替换under 46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47．for instance替换for example 48．seldom替换not often 49．wealthy替换 rich 50．amazing替换surprising 51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
高考英语常用连词汇总
（1），表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either„or„, neither„nor„, or, as well as, and, both„and„.（2），表因果关系的连接词：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to等。 （3），表时间顺序的连接词：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first time, the minute.（4），表转折关系的连接词：yet, and yet, but, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time等。 （5），表解释说明的连接词：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for example, for instance, and so on, etc, and the like, and what not等。 （6），表递进关系的连接词：not only„but (also), what’s more, what’s worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。 （7），表总结的连接词：in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等 1)表层次: first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides and equally important too moreover besides in addtion finally 2)表转折； by contrast although though yet
21 at the same time but despitethe fact that even so in contrast neverthele even though for all that notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of on the other hand otherwise instead still regardle 3)表因果； therfore consequently because of for the reason thus hence due to owing to so accordingly thanks to on this account since as on that account in this way for as a result as a consequence 4）表让步： still neverthele conceion granted naturally in spite of all the same of course despite even so after all 5)表递近： furthermore moreover likewise what is more besides also not only...but also...too in addtion 6)表举例： for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point 7)表解释： as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words 8)表总结： in summary in a word thus as has been said in brief in conclusion altogether in other words to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms indeed in short in particular that is in other words of course on the whole to put it differently namely in all therefore to summarize 1.对等连接词and可连接两个动词，意思是"而且，并且"。 Hey, a pet shop.Let's go in and have a look.嘿，宠物商店。进去看看。
2.对等连接词and可连接两个名词或代名词；"和"。 My friend and I want to buy a pet.我的朋友和我想买个宠物。
3.连接词after连接子句，意思是"在„之后"。Why don't we do it after we have finished shopping? 我们为什么不买完东西后再去？
4.连接词before连接子句，意思是"在„之前"。No, I have to buy a pet before you use up all the money.不，我得在你把钱花完之前买个宠物。
5.连接词for连接表原因的子句；"因为„"。
I think this way, for I had the similar experience before.我这么想，因为我以前有过相似的经历。
6.连接词therefore连接表结果的句子，"所以„"；that连接形容词子句。 Therefore, this time I must buy things that I like first.所以，这次我必须先买我喜欢的东西。
7.连接词if连接表示假设的子句，"如果„"。
22 Ok, I'll go with you if you promise not to use up all the money.好吧，如果你保证不把钱花光我就和你去。
8.连接词but连接表示转折的句子，意思是"但是„；而„"。 A cat? But we've already got one.猫？但我们已经有一只了。
9.连接词because连接表示原因的句子，意思是"因为„"。
You have to buy the two together, because this one is that one's interpreter.不行，你得两只一起买,因为这只是那只的翻译。
10.连接词neither„nor连接两代名词，意思是"既不...也不..."。Neither he nor I like a dog.他和我都不喜欢狗。
11.连接词why连接名词子句，意思是"为何„"。I wonder why you think this way.搞不懂你为何这么想。
12.连接词whether连接名词子句，意思是"是否"。I wonder whether you can help us.不知道你是否能帮我们。
13.what连接名词子句，相当于all that。 Ha, parrots! This is what I want.哈，鹦鹉！这是我要的东西。
近年高考英语完型填空常考词汇
动词类： 1“看”
look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of看见/stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看 Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV 2“说”
telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容
talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth诉说的内容
speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语
Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 Bargain讨价还价
chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discu 讨论debate辩论
23 figure 指出 declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨
3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵 4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 expre表达 question审问 5“答” answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复
6 “听” listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到
7“写” dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画 take down/write down写下，记下
8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛，挑 （无方向性） fetch拿来拿去 lift举
Put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推
9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠 10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻击
11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇 12“送” send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行 13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠 /embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in one’s arms 14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲
15“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠
16“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进 17“睡/休息” lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest 18“笑” smile 微笑（不出声） laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing 19“哭” cry shed tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找过程 find ---volleyball/soccer/ 26衣服 clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数； cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27事件 incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故
形容词类： 1人的各种感受
乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused 悲 sad unhappy painful bitter平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful 烦 bother bored be fed up with 震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed 怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid 失望 desperate disappointed hopele be depreed 满意 be satisfied with /be content to do 生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage 2 表程度的副词类
narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite Accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by far Farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus
24 2012年高考英语必背的短语（源自网络）
1.a big headache令人头痛的事情 2.a fraction of 一部分 3.a matter of concern 焦点 4.a series of 一系列,一连串 above all 首先,尤其是 5.absent from不在,缺席 6.abundant in富于 7.account for 解释 8.accuse sb.of sth.控告 9.add to增加（add up to） 10.after all 毕竟,究竟 11.agree with同意
12.ahead of time / schedule提前
13.ahead of 在...之前（ahead of time 提前） 14.alien to与...相反 15.all at once 突然,同时 16.all but 几乎;除了...都 17.all of a sudden 突然
18.all over again 再一次,重新 19.all over 遍及
20.all right 令人满意的;可以 21.all the same 仍然,照样的 22.all the time 一直,始终
23.angry with sb.at/about sth.生气,愤怒 24.anxious about/for忧虑,担心 25.anything but 根本不 26.apart from 除...外(有/无) 27.appeal to 吸引，申诉，请求 28.applicable to适用于 29.apply to适用
30.appropriate for/to适当,合适 31.approximate to近似,接近32.apt at聪明,善于 33.apt to易于
34.around the clock夜以继日 35.as a matter of fact 实际上 36.as a result(of) 因此,由于 37.as a rule 通常,照例
38.as far as ...be concerned 就...而言 39.as far as 远至,到...程度 40.as follows 如下 41.as for 至于,关于
25 42.as good as 和...几乎一样 43.as if 好像,防腐
44.as regards 关于,至于 45.as to 至于,关于
46.as usual 像平常一样,照例 47.as well as 除...外(也),即...又 48.as well 同样,也,还 49.ashamed of羞愧,害臊 50.aside from 除...外(还有) 51.ask for the moon异想天开 52.at a lo 茫然,不知所措 53.at a time 一次,每次
54.at all costs 不惜一切代价
55.at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 56.at all times 随时,总是 57.at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 58.at any rate 无论如何,至少 59.at best 充其量,至多
60.at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 61.at first 最初,起先
62.at hand 在手边,在附近63.at heart 内心里,本质上 64.at home 在家,在国内 65.at intervals 不时,每隔...66.at large 大多数,未被捕获的 67.at last 终于 68.at least 至少
69.at length 最终,终于 70.at most 至多,不超过 71.at no time 从不,决不
72.at one time 曾经,一度;同时 73.at present 目前,现在
74.at someone's disposal 任...处理 75.at the cost of 以...为代价 76.at the mercy of 任凭...摆布 77.at the moment 此刻,目前 78.at this rate 照此速度 79.at times 有时,间或 80.aware of意识到
81.back and forth 来回地,反复地 82.back of 在...后面 83.back up后备,支援 84.bare of几乎没有,缺乏 85.be able to do能够
26 86.be around差不多
87.be available to sb.可用,可供 88.be bound to一定
89.be capable of doing能够
90.be concerned with 关心„，涉足„ 91.be dying to渴望
92.be fed up with受够了be tired of 93.be in hospital 住院
94.be in season 上市的/in peak season旺季 95.be in the mood to do sth.想做 96.be preed for time时间不够 97.be tied up with忙于
98.be under the weather 身体不好 99.beat around the bush 拐弯没角 100.beat the crowd 避开人群 101.before long 不久以后 102.behind schedule 误点
103.bent on sth.下定决心做„ 104.beside point 离题的,不相干的
105.beyond one's ability超越某人的能力 106.beyond question 毫无疑问 107.book on reserve 须留的图书 108.booked up 订完了 109.bound for开往 110.break down抛锚 111.break though突破
112.break up with和某人分手 be through with / be finished with 113.bring about 使„发生
114.bring someone up to date帮某人赶上 help someone catch up 115.by accident 偶然 116.by air 通过航空途径
117.by all means 尽一切办法,务必 118.by and by 不久,迟早 119.by chance 偶然,碰巧 120.by far 最,...得多
121.by hand 用手,用体力 122.by itself 自动地,独自地 123.by means of 用,依靠
124.by mistake 错误地,无意地 125.by no means 决不,并没有 126.by oneself 单独地,独自地 127.by reason of 由于
27 128.by the way 顺便说说 129.by virtue of 借助,由于
130.by way of 经由,通过...方法 131.call off取消
132.call on号召,邀请,点某人的名,拜访 133.capable of能够
134.careful of/about/with小心,注意 135.certain of /about确信,肯定 136.chair a meeting 主持会议 137.charge sb.with sth.控告 138.clear of没有,不接触 139.clever at善于 140.close to接近,亲近
141.come in contact with 与„取得联系 142.come out of sth.alive大难不死 143.come up (with)提出,拿出 144.comparable to/with比作/比较 145.conscious of察觉到,意识到 146.consequent on随之而来
147.considerate towards体谅,体贴 148.contemporary with与...同时代 149.content with满足于 150.contrary to违反
151.adequate a.适当地；足够
152.adhere vi.粘附,附着；遵守,坚持 153.ban vt.取缔,禁止 154.capture vt.俘虏,捕获
155.valid a.有效的,有根据的；正当的 156.valley n.山谷,峡谷
157.consistent a.坚固定；一致的,始终如一的 158.continuous a.继续的,连续（不断）的 159.continual a.不断地,频繁的 160.explode v.爆炸；爆发；激增 161.exploit v.剥削；利用,开采 162.explore v.勘探
163.explosion n.爆炸；爆发；激增
164.explosive a.爆炸的；极易引起争论的 165.remote a.遥远的,偏僻的 166.removal n.除去,消除 167.render vt.使得,致使
167.render vt.呈递, 归还, 着色, 汇报, 致使, 放弃, 表演, 实施vi.给予补偿n.交纳, 粉刷, 打底 168.precaution n.预防,防备,警惕 169.idle a.懒散的,无所事事的
28 170.identify vt.认出,鉴定
171.identify n.身份；个性,特性 172.poverty n.贫穷
173.resistant a.(to)抵抗的,抗...的,耐...的 174.resolve vt.解决；决定,决意 175.barrel n.桶
176.bargain n.便宜货 vi.讨价还价 177.coarse a.粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的 178.coach n.教练；长途公共汽车 179.code n.准则,法规,密码 180.coil n.线圈 v.卷,盘绕 181.adult n.成年人
182.advertise v.为...做广告 183.advertisement n.广告 184.agency n.代理商,经销商
185.focus v.（使）聚集 n.焦点,中心,聚焦 186.forbid vt.不许,禁止 187.debate n./v.辩论,争论 188.debt n.欠债 189.decade n.十年
190.enclose vt.围住；把...装入信封 191.encounter vt./n.遭遇,遭到 192.globe n.地球,世界；地球仪 193.global a.全球的；总的 194.scan vt.细看；扫描；浏览 195.scandal n.丑事,丑闻
196.significance n.意义；重要性 197.subsequent a.随后的,后来的 198.virtue n.美德,优点
199.virtual a.实际上的,事实上的
200.orient vt.使适应,(to,toward)使朝向 n.东方 201.portion n.一部分
202.target n.目标,靶子 vt.瞄准 203.portable a.手提式的
204.decline v.拒绝,谢绝；下降 205.illusion n.错觉
206.likelihood n.可能,可能性 207.stripe n.条纹
208.emphasize vt.强调,着重 209.emotion n.情感,感情
210.emotional a.感情的,情绪（上）的 211.awful a.极坏的,威严的,可怕的 212.awkward a.笨拙的,棘手的 213.clue n.线索,提示
29 214.collision n.碰撞,冲突 215.device n.装置,设备
216.devise vt.发明,策划,想出 217.inevitable a.不可避免的 218.naval a.海军的 219.navigation n.航行
220.neceity n.必需品；必要性 221.previous a.先,前,以前的
222.provision n.[pl.]给养,口粮；准备,设备,装置 223.pursue vt.追逐；追求；从事,进行 224.stale a.不新鲜的,陈腐的 225.substitute n.代用品 vt.代替 226.deserve vt.应受,应得,值得 227.discrimination n.歧视；辨别力 228.profeional a.职业的,专门的 229.secure a.安全的,可靠的 230.security n.安全,保障 231.scratch v./n.抓,搔,扒
232.talent n.才能,天资；人才 233.insurance n.保险,保险费 234.insure vt.给...保险,保证,确保 235.neverthele ad.仍然,然而,不过 236.neutral a.中立的,中性的
237.spot n.地点；斑点 vt.认出,发现；玷污 238.spray v.喷,（使）溅散
239.medium a.中等的,适中的 n.媒介物,新闻媒介 240.media n.新闻传媒
241.auxiliary a.辅助的,备用的 242.automatic a.自动的 243.compete vi.竞争,比赛
244.competent a.有能力的,能胜任的 245.competition n.竞争,比赛 246.distribute vt.分发 247.disturb vt.打搅,妨碍 248.infer v.推论,推断
249.integrate v.（使）成为一体,（使）合并 250.moist a.潮湿
251.hold out for sth.坚持要求 251.moisture n.潮湿
252.promote vt.促进；提升 253.region n.地区；范围；幅度 254.register v./n.登记,注册 255.stable a.稳定的
256.sophisticated a.老于世故的,老练的；很复杂的
30 257.splendid a.极好的,壮丽的,辉煌的 258.cancel vt.取消,废除
259.variable a.易变的,可变的 260.prospect n.前景,前途；景象 261.prosperity n.兴旺,繁荣
262.aspect n.方面；朝向；面貌
263.cope vi.(with)（成功地）应付,处理 264.core n.果心,核心
265.maintain vt.维持,保持；坚持,主张 266.mainland n.大陆
267.discipline n.纪律；惩罚；学科
268.domestic a.本国的,国内的；家用的；家庭的 269.constant a.不变的,恒定的 n.常数 270.cliff n.悬崖,峭壁
271.authority n.权威；当局 272.audio a.听觉 273.attitude n.态度
274.community n.社区,社会
275.commit vt.犯（错误,罪行等）,干（坏事等） 276.comment n./vt.评论 277.distinguish vt.区分,辨别
278.distre n.痛苦,悲伤 vt.使痛苦
279.facility n.[pl.] 设备,设施；便利,方便 280.faculty n.能力,技能;系,学科/院;全体教员 281.mixture n.混合,混合物 282.mood n.心情,情绪；语气 283.moral a.道德上的,有道德的 284.prominent a.突出的 285.substance n.物质；实质
286.substantial a.可观的；牢固的；实质的 287.prompt vt.促使 a.敏捷的,及时的 288.vivid a.生动的
289.vocabulary n.词汇（量）；词汇表
290.venture n.风险投资,风险项目 v.冒险；取于 291.version n.版本,译本；说法 292.waist n.腰,腰部 293.weld v./n.焊接 294.yawn vi.打哈欠
295.yield vi.(to)屈服于；让出,放弃 n.产量 296.zone n.地区,区域 297.strategy n.战略,策略
298.strategic a.战略（上）的,关键的 299.tense a.紧张的 v.拉紧 n.时态 300.tension n.紧张（状态）,张力
31 301.avenue n.林荫道,大街
302.available a.现成可用的；可得到的 303.comparable a.(with,to)可比较的,类似的 304.comparative a.比较的,相对的 305.dash vi.猛冲,飞奔 306.data n.数据,资料 307.dive vi.跳水,潜水
308.diverse a.不同的,多种多样的 309.entitle vt.给...权利,给...资格 310.regulate vt.管理,调节
311.release vt./n.释放,排放；解释解脱 312.exaggerate v.夸大,夸张 313.evil a.邪恶的,坏的
314.shrink vi.起皱,收缩；退缩 315.subtract v.减（去） 316.suburb n.市郊 317.subway n.地铁
318.survey n./vt.调查,勘测 319.wealthy a.富裕的 320.adjust v.调整,调节
321.attach vt.系,贴；使附属
322.profit n.利润,益处；v.有益于,有利于 323.profitable a.有利可图的 324.slope n.斜坡,斜面 325.reinforce vt.增强,加强 326.reject vt.拒绝
327.fatal a.致命的；重大的 328.fate n.命运
329.humble a.谦逊的；谦虚的 330.illegal a.不合法的,非法的
331.award vt.授予,判给 n.奖品,奖金 332.aware a.意识到
333.column n.柱,圆柱；栏,专栏 334.comedy n.喜剧
335.dumb a.哑的；沉默的 336.dump vt.倾卸,倾倒 337.deaf a.聋的；不愿听的 338.decorate vt.装饰,装璜
339.principal a.最重要的 n.负责人,校长 340.principle n.原则,原理 341.prior a.优先的,在前的 342.priority n.优先,重点 343.prohibit vt.禁止,不准
344.remarkable a.值得注意的,异常的,非凡的
32 345.remedy n./vt.补救,医治,治疗 346.repetition n.重复,反复 347.vain a.徒劳的,无效的
348.undertake vt.承担,着手做；同意,答应 349.unique a.唯一的,独特的 350.obstacle n.障碍（物）,妨碍 351.odd a.奇特的,古怪的；奇数的 352.omit vt.省略
353.opponent n.敌手,对手 354.opportunity n.机会,时机 355.orchestra n.管弦乐队 356.semester n.学期；半年 357.semiconductor n.半导体 358.seminar n.研讨会
359.terminal a.末端的,极限的 n.终点 360.territory n.领土
361.approximate a.大概的,大约 v.近似 362.arbitrary a.随意的,未断的 363.architect n.建筑师 364.architecture n.建筑学 365.biology n.生物学
366.geography n.地理（学） 367.geology n.地质学
368.geometry n.几何（学） 369.arithmetic n.算术 370.algebra n.代数
371.entertainment n.娱乐；招待,款待 372.enthusiasm n.热情,热心
373.entry n.进入,入口处；参赛的人（或物） 374.environment n.环境 375.episode n.插曲,片段 376.equation n.方程（式） 377.restrain vt.阻止,抑制 378.restraint n.抑制,限制
379.resume v.（中断后）重新开始 380.severe a.严重的 381.sexual a.性的
382.simplicity n.简单；朴素 383.simplify vt.简化 384.sorrow n.悲哀,悲痛
385.stuff n.原料,材料 vt.填进,塞满 386.temporary a.暂时的,临时的 387.temptation n.诱惑,引诱 388.terror n.恐怖
33 389.thrust v.挤,推,插 390.treaty n.条约,协定
391.arise vi.产生,出现,发生；起身 392.arouse vt.引起,激起；唤醒 393.burden n.重担,负荷 394.bureau n.局,办事处
395.marvelous a.奇迹般的,惊人的 396.maive a.大的,大量的,大块的 397.mature a.成熟的
398.maximum a.最高的,最大的 399.minimum a.最低的,最小的 400.nonsense n.胡说,冒失的行动 401.nuclear a.核子的,核能的 402.nucleus n.核
403.retail n./v./ad.零售 404.retain vt.保留,保持 405.restrict vt.限制,约束
406.sponsor n.发起者,主办者 vt.发起,主办,资助 407.spur n./vt.刺激,激励 408.triumph n.胜利,成功 409.tuition n.学费
410.twist vt.使缠绕；转动；扭歪 411.undergraduate n.大学肄业生
412.universal a.普遍的,通用的；宇宙的 413.universe n.宇宙
414.via prep.经由,经过,通过 415.vibrate v.振动,摇摆 416.virus n.病毒
417.voluntary a.自愿的
418.volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿（做） 419.vote v.选举 n.选票
420.wagon n.四轮马车,铁路货车 421.appoint vt.任命,委派
422.approach v.靠近,接近n.途径,方式 423.appropriate a.适当的 424.bunch n.群,伙；束,串
425.bundle n.捆,包,束 vt.收集,归拢 426.ceremony n.典礼,仪式 427.chaos n.混乱,紊乱
428.discount n.（价格）折扣 429.display n./vt.陈列,展览
430.equivalent a.相等的 a.相等物 431.erect a.竖直的 v.建造,竖立 432.fax n./vt.传真
34 433.fertile a.肥沃的；多产的 434.fertilizer n.肥料 435.grateful a.感激的 436.gratitude n.感激 437.horror n.恐怖 438.horrible a.可怕的
439.Internet n.国际互联网,因特网 440.interpret v.翻译,解释
441.interpretation n.解释,说明 442.jungle n.丛林,密林
443.knot n.结 vt.把...打成结 444.leak v.漏,渗出 445.lean vi.倾斜,倚,靠 446.leap vi.跳跃 447.modify vt.修改 448.nylon n.尼龙 449.onion n.洋葱 450.powder n.粉末
451.applicable a.可应用的,适当的 452.applicant n.申请人 453.breadth n.宽度
454.conservation n.保存,保护 455.conservative a.保守的
456.parallel n.平行线；可相比拟的事物457.paion n.激情,热情 458.paive a.被动的,消极的 459.pat v./n.轻拍,轻打 460.peak n.山峰,顶点 461.phenomenon n.现象
462.reluctant a.不情愿的,勉强的 463.rely vi.(on ,upon)依赖,指望 464.relevant a.有关的,切题的 465.reliable a.可靠的
466.relief n.轻松,宽慰；减轻 467.reputation n.名气,声誉 468.rescue vt./n.营救
469.triangle n.三角（形） 470.sequence n.连续；顺序 471.shallow a.浅的 472.shiver vi/n.发抖 473.shrug v./n.耸肩 474.signature n.签名
475.sincere a.诚挚的,真诚的 476.utility n.功用,效用
35
477.utilize vt.利用
478.utter vt.说出 a.完全的,彻底的 479.variation n.变化,变动 480.vehicle n.交通工具,车辆 481.applause n.鼓掌,掌声 482.appliance n.器具,器械
483.consent n.准许,同意 vi (to)准许,同意 484.conquer vt.征服 485.defect n.缺点,缺陷
486.delicate a.易碎的；娇弱的；精美的 487.evolve v.演变
488.evolution n.演变,进化 489.frown v./n.皱眉 490.frustrate vt.使沮丧 491.guarantee vt./n.保证
492.guilty a.内疚的；有罪的 493.jealous a.妒忌的 494.jeans n.牛仔裤 495.liquor n.酒,烈性酒 496.liter/litre n.升 497.modest a.谦虚道 498.molecule n.分子
499.orbit n.轨道 v.（绕...）作轨道运行 500.participate v.(in)参与,参加 501.particle n.微粒
502.particularly ad.特别,尤其 503.respond vi.回答,答复；反应 504.response n.回答,答复；反应 505.sensible a.明智的
506.sensitive a.敏感到,灵敏的 507.tremble vi.颤抖
508.tremendous a.巨大的；精彩的 509.trend n.趋向,倾向 510.trial n.审讯；试验
511.apparent a.显然的,明白的 512.appetite n.胃口；欲望
513.deposit n.存款,定金 v.存放,储蓄 514.deputy n.副职,代表
515.derive vt.取得,得到；(from)起源于 516.descend v.下来,下降 517.miile n.导弹
518.miion n.使命；代表团 519.mist n.薄雾
520.noticeable a.显而易见到
36 521.notify vt.通知,告知
522.notion n.概念；意图,想法 523.resemble vt.像,类似于 524.reveal vt.揭露
525.revenue n.收入,岁入；税收 526.shelter n.掩蔽处；住所
527.shield n.防护物,盾 vt.保护,防护 528.vital a.重要的；致命的,生命的 529.vitally ad.极度,非常；致命地 530.urban a.城市的 531.urge vt.鼓励,激励
532.urgent a.急迫的,紧急得 533.usage n.使用,用法 534.violence n.强力,暴力 535.violent a.强暴的 536.violet a.紫色的 537.weed n.杂草,野草 538.welfare n.福利
539.whatsoever ad.（用于否定句）任何 540.whereas conj.然而,但是,尽管 541.eential a.必不可少的；本质的 542.estimate n./vt.估计,估量 543.evaluate vt.评估,评价 544.exceed vt.超过,越出
545.exceedingly ad.非常,极其 546.exclaim v.呼喊,大声说
547.exclude vt.把...排斥在外,不包括 548.exclusive a.读有的,排他的 549.excursion n.远足 550.flash vi.闪光,闪耀
551.flee vi.逃走
552.flexible a.易弯曲的
553.flock n.羊群,（鸟兽等）一群；一伙人 554.hardware n.五金器具 555.harmony n.和谐,融洽 556.haste n.急速,急忙 557.hatred n.憎恶,憎恨 558.incident n.事件,事变 559.index n.索引,标志 560.infant n.婴儿 561.infect v.传染
562.inferior a.劣等的,次的,下级的 563.infinite a.无限的
37 564.ingredient n.组成部分 565.inhabitant n.居民 566.jail n.监狱
567.jam n.果酱；拥挤,堵塞 568.jewel n.宝石
569.joint a.连接的；共同的
570.junior a.年少的；资历较浅的 571.laser n.激光
572.launch vt.发动,发起 573.luxury n.奢侈；奢侈品 574.magnet n.磁铁,磁体 575.male a.男性的,雄的 576.female a.女性的,雌的
577.manual a.用手的,手工做的 n.手册 578.manufacture vt./n.制造,加工 579.marine a.海的；海产的 580.mutual a.相互的 581.naked a.裸露的
582.negative a.否定的,消极的 583.neglect vt.忽视,忽略 584.origin n.起源,出身
585.oval a.椭圆形的 n.椭圆形 586.outset n.开始,开端
587.presumably ad.大概,可能 588.prevail vi.流行,盛行 589.quit v.停止
590.quotation n.引文,引语 591.recreation n.娱乐活动
592.recruit vt.招募,吸收（新成员） 593.rival n.竞争对手,敌手 594.shuttle n.梭子；航天飞机 595.skim vt.搬（去）,掠过；浏览 596.sketch n.草图；梗概 597.slender a.苗条的,修长的 598.theme n.主题 599.textile n.纺织品
600.tropical a.热带的,炎热的 601.kneel vi.跪 602.label n.标签
604.mere a.仅仅的,只不过的；纯粹的 605.nuisance n.令人讨厌的东西（或人）606.numerous a.众多的,许多的 608.pants [pl.] n.长裤；内裤 609.partial a.部分的
38
610.paport n.护照
611.prescribe vt.开药,吩咐采用...疗法 612.primitive a.原始的,早期的 613.ridge n.脊,山脊,埂
614.ridiculous a.可笑的,荒漠的 615.rigid a.严格的；僵硬的 616.withstand vt.经受,承受
617.witne n.目击者；证据 vt.注意到；证明 618.withdraw v.收回,撤销 619.slippery a.滑的 620.smash vt.粉碎,打烂
621.snap n./vt.折断,拉断；快照 622.software n.软件 623.solar a.太阳的
624.lunar a.月的,月球的 625.submerge vi.潜入水中 626.submit vi.(to)屈服,听从 627.timber n.木材,原木
628.tiue n.组织；薄纱,手巾纸 629.title n.题目,标题 630.tone n.语气,音调 631.drift vi.漂,漂流 632.drip n.滴
633.durable a.耐用的,持久的 634.duration n.持续,持续期间 635.dusk n.黄昏,薄暮 636.leather n.皮革
637.legislation n.法律,法规；立法 638.leisure n.闲暇；悠闲 639.loose a.松的,宽松的 640.loosen v.解开,放松
641.earnest a.认真的,诚挚的 642.earthquake n.地震 643.echo n.回音,回声
644.elaborate a.精心设计的,复杂的
645.elastic n.橡皮圈（带） a.有弹性的 646.elbow n.肘 647.electron n.电子 648.volcano n.火山
649.volume n.卷,册；体积,容量 650.fatigue n.疲劳,劳累
651.faulty a.有错误的,有缺点的
652.favorable a.称赞道；有利的,顺利的
653.favorite a.特别受喜欢的 n.喜爱的人或物
39 654.gallery n.画廊 655.gallon n.加仑 656.gap n.间隔,差距 657.garbage n.垃圾,废物 658.gaze v.凝视,注视 659.gear n.齿轮,传动装置 660.gene n.基因
661.lest conj.唯恐,免得
662.liable a.可能的,大概的； (to)易于...的 663.liberal a.自由得 664.liberty n.自由
665.license /license n.许可证,执照 666.moisture n.潮湿
667.motivate vt.激励,激发 668.motive n.动机,目的
669.generate vt.生成,产生（光、热、电等） 670.genius n.天才,天赋 671.genuine a.真的,真诚的 672.gasoline n.汽油 673.germ n.微生物,细菌 674.gesture n.姿势,手势
675.giant a.巨大的 n.巨人,巨物 676.glimpse n.一瞥,一看 677.glory n.光荣,荣誉
678.glorious n.光荣的,极好的 679.golf n.高尔夫球运动 680.hydrogen n.氢 681.oxygen n.氧
682.hostile a.敌对的,敌意大 683.household n.家庭,户 684.hook n.钩
685.holy a.神圣地,圣洁的 686.hint n.暗示,示意 687.hesitate v.犹豫
688.highlight vt.强调,突出
689.hence ad.因此,所以；今后,从此 690.herd n.兽群,牧群
40 高考英语50个必备精选句型
1、as 句型：
(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照„„；正如„„” 例：We do farm work as the old peasant teaches us.As (it is) in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2) as＋形容词／副词原级＋（a ／an）＋名词＋as ; 否定式：not as/so --- as 例：He is as good a player as his sister． 他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。
(3) such + n.+ as to do 如此„„以致于„„ 例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。 (4) so + adj./adv.+ as to do sth 如此„„以致于„„ 例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such --- as---象„„之类的„„ （接名词或定语从句） 例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。
(6) the same ＋名词＋as 和„„一样的„„ （接名词或定语从句） 例：He is not the same man as he used to be 他不是从前的那样子了。 (7) as 引导非限制性定语从句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。 (8)引导时间状语从句。与while意义相近
例：We get wiser as we get older.随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。 (9) 引导原因状语从句，与because的用法相近例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。 (10) 引导让步状语从句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。
2、prefer 句型： (1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home.我宁愿呆在家里。 (2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence.我喜欢打防守。 (3) prefer sb to do sth 例：Would you prefer me to stay?你愿意我留下来吗？
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth„„宁愿„...而不愿.„".例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
41 例：I prefer watching football to playing it.我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。
(6) prefer sth to sth 例：I prefer tea to coffee.我要茶不要咖啡。
3、when 句型： (1) be doing sth ---- when --- 例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。 (2) be about to do sth --- when --- 例：We were about to start when it began to rain.我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。
(3) had not done sth --- when ---/ hardly --- when --- 例： He had not fallen asleep when the telephone rang.他刚要入睡电话就响了。 (4) had just done ---- when --- 例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。
4、seem 句型： (1) It +seems + that从句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.看来好像每个人都很满意。 (2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right.我看她是对的， (3) There seems to be ---- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain.看上去要有一场大雨。
(4) It seems as if ---- 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to cla.看样子她不能来上课了。
5、表示“相差„„；增加了„„；增加到„„”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches.她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.我们之间相差一岁。 (3)She is three years old than I她比我大三岁。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.他们把价格上涨了50%
6、what 引导的名词性从句 (1) what 引导主语从句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡.[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的] (2) what 引导宾语从句
例：We can learn what we do not know.我们能学会我们不懂的东西。 (3) what 引导表语从句
例：That is what I want.那正是我所要的。 (4) what 引导同位语从句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.我不知道他们正在谈论什么.
7、too句型： (1) too...to do sth．
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians．
42 （＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．） 政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。 (2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.我要回到家里就非常高兴。 (3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me.我穿这双鞋太小了。 (4) too + adj + a + n.例：This is too difficult a text for me.这篇课文对我来说太难了。 (5)can't „ too +形容词无论„„也不为过
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过
8、where句型：
(1) where 引导的定语从句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.这就是他去年住过的房子。 (2) where 引导的状语从句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way．有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find．他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。 I will go where I want to go．我要去我想去的地方。 (3) where引导的表语从句
例：This is where you are wrong.这正是你错的地方。 注：引导状语从句的where= 介词+the place where （定语从句）例：Go where(ver) you are most needed.到最需要你的地方去
9、wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth希望某人现在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.我希望和你一样强壮。 (2) wish that sb had done sth希望某人过去做某事
例： I wish you had told me earlier要是你早点告诉我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth希望某人将来做某事例：I wish you would succeed this time.我希望你这次会成功
10、would rather 句型：
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做„„而不愿做„„ 例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。
(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.我宁愿过去接受他的意见。 (3) would rather sb had done sth宁愿某人过去做过某事 例：I would rather I had paed the examination last week.我真希望通过上星期的考试
(4) would rather sb did sth宁愿某人现在或将来做某事
例： Who would you rather went with you? 你宁愿谁和你一起去？
43
11、before 句型：
(1) before sb can/ could „ 某人还没来得及„„
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me． 我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸
(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间„„
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.他还有四年时间变毕业了。 (3) had done some timebefore（才„„）
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。
(4)had not done --- before ---不到„„就„„ 例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。
(5) It was not +一段时间+ before不多久就„„
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.还没到两年他们离开了那国家。
12、强调句型：
(1) It is ／was ＋被强调部分＋that（who）...例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday． 是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...例：Was it your brother that you met in the street? 在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗？
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? 明天你究竟怎样去看望她？
(4) do +谓语动词（强调谓语）例：They do know the place well.他们的确很熟悉那个地方
13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型：
(1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.例：You should like to have written to your mother.你本应当给你母亲写信。
(2) was / were going to do sth.（用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么） 例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。
(3) was / were going to have done sth.表示未完成原来的计划和安排 例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time.Lily 原打算清理她的卧室，但她没时间。
(4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish ...常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式； 或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望 例：She had supposed him to be very rich.她原以为他很有钱。 (5) wish that „had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望．
例：I wish he had been here yesterday.要是他昨天在这儿就好了。
(6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时，
44 表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情．
14、倍数句型：
(1)倍数＋比较级＋than...，
例：The room is twice larger than that one．这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark.(2)倍数＋as＋原级＋as...，
例：The room is three times as large as that one． 这个房间是那个房间的三倍。
(3)倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of...例：The room is three times the size of that one．这个房间是那个房间的3倍大 should have done =ought to have done本应该做而没做
15、It is ------ that ---- 句型 (1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is a fact/an honour ---that+陈述语气从句
例：It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转是事实。
It is a pity/shame/no wonder that+ 虚拟语气从句
例：It is a pity that he should not come.他若不来可真是遗憾。 (2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural/important/neceary/strange that + 虚拟语气从句
例：It is important that enough money be collected to fund the project.重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。 It is obvious/apparent/clear that+ 陈述语气从句 例：It is clear that she doesn't like the dre at all.这很清楚她一点儿也不喜欢这条裙子。 (3) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is generally/commonly believed /accepted/thought/heldthat ...+陈述语气从句
例：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
It is suggested/ordered/desired/requested/decided that +虚拟语气从句 例句：It is suggested that we should hold a meeting next week.建议我们下周开上会。
would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做 could have done = 本可以做某事而没做
might have done本可以做而没做例：They ought to have apologized.他们本该道歉的。
16、It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 (1) It seems that 例：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.看来Alice根本就不准备来参加聚会了。 (2) It happened that...„„很偶然.
45 例：It happened that I won the football lottery last week.我上星期偶然中了足彩 (3) It occurred to sb that...例句：It suddenly occurred to me thatI knew how to solve that problem.我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题.(4) It appears that....例： It appears that Tom might change his mind.看来汤姆会改变主意
17、比较句型： (1)原级比较：
例：English is not so difficult a subject as Ruia.英语不是和像俄语一样难的科目。 Their bones are not as thick as adults’.他们的骨头和成年人的不一样厚。 (2)一方超过另一方：
例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year.今年的气候比上一年的气候要热得多。 (3)一方不如另一方：
例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings le secure than they had been before.修复工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。 (4) The + -er + S + V, --- the + -er + S + V --- The + more + Adj + S + V, --- the + more + Adj + S + V --- （愈...愈...）
例：The harder you work, the more progre you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 (5) more„.than„与其说„倒不如说 例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent.与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋。
(6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+as 例：I am no better at English than you.我的英语不比你好。 (7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词 例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that of Father Christmas.(8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。
例：I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live near my Mom's.与南京相比我更喜欢在北京有一套公寓，因为我想跟我妈妈住一起。 (9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。 例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country.这儿的工资比我们国家的高。
(10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词 例：Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do.汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题，事实上比手机造成的问题更严重
46
18、感叹句型：
(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V! 例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! 信守我们的诺言是多么的重要啊！ (2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守诺言是多么重要的事！ (3) How + S + V! 例句：How I want to go to Beijing.我多么想去北京啊！
19、表法猜测的句型：
(1) must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式：can't have done 例：She must have come here last night.她一定是昨晚来的。 She can't have gone there她不可能到那儿去。
(2) may have done sth可能做过某事否定形式：may not have done 例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.Philip 可能在这次车祸中伤得很严重。
(3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done 例：She might have known what the bottle contained.她或许知道这个瓶子里装的是什么。
(4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事
否定形式：should not have done 例：She should have arrived in her office by now.她此刻估计已经到达办公室了。
20、动词不定式常用句型：
(1) It takes / took / will take sb.some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English.为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练.(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth 例：Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from the Union.林肯说南方脱离联邦是不对的。 It was carele of Tom to break the cup.(3) Sb.have / has / had no choice but to do...某人除了做„„别无选择.例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd mied the last bus.由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择.(4) It's not /just like sb.to do sth.„„的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.例：lt's not like Jim to be late for cla.He regards time as the most important thing in life.上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的.(5) ...．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth．
例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.． (6) It pays to + V --- （...是值得的。）
47 例句：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。
(7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth 例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。 (8) do all he could to do sth do what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth 例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland.他们在尽最大努力去帮助祖国。
(9) It is hard to imagine/ say „很难想象/说„„
例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。
It's hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说
21、动名词常用句型：
(1)...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth.(有困难做某事) 例：People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.来自那两个国家的人们在相互理解上是没有困难的。 (2) upon/on doing sth, 一„„就„„
例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that hecouldn't say a word.一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。 (3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.解决这个社会问题毫无困难。
(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth 例：There is no need in sending such expensive present.没有必要送这样贵重的礼物。
(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth 例：They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.他们说孩子们花太多的时间在闲聊和玩游戏上，而不是集中在学习上。 (6) It's no use / good/ worth doing sth 例：It’s no use talking with him.He won’t listen to you.跟他谈没用，他不会听你的。
(7) It's a waste of time/money/energy doing例：It's a waste of time watching TV programme as this
22、as if/though 句型：
例：He spoke to me as if I were deaf.他那样给我说话，就像我是聋子似的。
The new students talked as though they had been friends for years.新来的学生们说话很亲热，就像多年的老朋友似的。
23、‘IF’虚拟条件句
48 (1) 与过去事实相反
例：If the man had pointed with his first finger while he was in Brunei, everyone would have thought that he was very rude.在Brunei，如果那人用第一个手指指着的话，那人人都会认为他很不礼貌。 (2) 与现在事实相反
例：If I were in your position, I would call the police immediately.如果我处在你的位置，我会立即打电话给**。 (3) 与将来事实相反
例：If I had (should have) time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.如果我明天有空的话，我当然会帮助你的。 (4) 虚拟条件句中的倒装：
例：Should it rain, the crops would grow better.如果天下雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。
Were I your father, I would not give you the money.如果我是你父亲的话，我就不会给你那钱了。
Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk如果不是那船长的话，那船就会沉没了
24、Not --- until 句型
(1) 陈述句 not --- until --- 直到„„才
例：Last night I didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock.昨晚我11点钟才睡觉。 (2) 强调句It wasn't until„that...直到„„才„„.例：It wasn't until yesterday that I got your letter.我直到昨天才收到你的来信.(3) 倒装句 Not until...did...直到„„才„„.例：Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我开始工作,我才意识到我已蹉跎了很多岁月
25、since 句型：
(1) Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
(2) It is +--- + since +持续性谓语动词（表否定）
例：It is three years since she lived here.她已三年不住这儿了。
(3) It is + --- + since S + 瞬间谓语动词（表肯定）例：It is years since I stopped smoking）．我戒烟已经数年了
26、If only...! 真希望„„!若是„„那该多好啊! (1) 谓语动词用过去式表现在：如：
例：If only I knew his name! 要是我知道他的名字就好了。 (2) 谓语动词用过去完成时表过去：如：
例：If only we had followed your advice! 我们要是采纳你的意见就好了。 (3) 谓语动词用could/would表将来：如：
例：If only I could see him again! 要是我能再看到他多好啊！ If only she would accept my invitation!
49 要是她接受我的邀请该多好啊！
27、让步状语从句：
(1) Adj./n./adv.+ as/ though+ Subject（主词）+ be, S + V--- （虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 (2) No matter what等特殊疑问词...„无论什么„„.例句：No matter what happens, I'll always stand by you.不论发生什么事,我都永远支持你.(3) However + adj/adv + S + V,尽管„„
例：You won't be able to do it alone, however much you try.不论你多努力，你一个人也做不来。
(4) whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever + S + V，无论什么/哪里„„
例：Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 (5) whether… or not
例：Whether you like it or not, you'll have to do it.不管你喜欢不喜欢，你必须做这件事。 (6) even if/though 例：Even if/Even though the exercise is very difficult, you must do it.即使那练习很难，你都必须做。
28、违反常规的冠词位置句型： (1) so/as/that/too/how +adj.+ a/an + n.例：He is as good a student as you.他和你一样是个好学生。
This is too difficult a problem for me.对我来说这是一个太难的问题。 You can hardly imagine how clever a boy he is.你几乎想象不到那孩子有多聪明。
(2) quite/rather/what/such/many + a/an + (adj) +n 例：She sang quite a beautiful song.她的歌唱得很漂亮。 He was such a fool as to believe what she said.他是这样的一个笨蛋以致于相信了她说的话。 (3) all/both/half/twice the + n 例：All the students in her cla like her very much.她班上所有的学生都喜欢她。
29、表示最高级的句型：
(1) Nothing is + --- er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
(2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原级＋as 例：Nobody is so blind as those who will not see.没有人像那些视而不见的人如此的瞎了。 (3) 比较级＋than + any other +名词单数 比较级＋than +anything(anyone)else 50
第14篇：雅思写作高级句型
句型1：
前进类（用来论证好的方面） 1 profit from
People the world over can profit from the advancement in motorized flight.★2 A is an indispensable part of B.
Advertising has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting pro-found influence on the way we live, work, play and learn.★★3 something plays a pivotal role in…
It is universally acknowledged that education plays a pivotal role in individual succe.★★4 enable somebody to do something
Cultural aimilation enables newly-arrived immigrants to get ahead in the new society succefully.
5 get accustomed to something
New immigrants must get accustomed to the local culture to succeed. 6 Someone can utilize something
In this day and age, many individuals can utilize the Internet via computers or mobile phones.
★7 something is in the best interests of someone (最符合某人的利益) Preserving the endangered animals is in the best interests of humanity.8 contribute to…
Various factors contributed to his downfall
Students should not only learn academic knowledge but also do volunteer work in com-munities, thereby making contribution to their cities.9 something consolidates its status as the …
English has been consolidating its status as the dominant language in the world.倒退类（用来论证负面的方面） 1 …is attended by … (伴随着)
The staggering advancement of technology is attended by severe pollution of the ecosys-tem.
2 The more…the more…
The more vehicles on the roads; the more traffic congestion to occur.★3 A can be attributed to B
The proliferation of traffic accidents can be in large measure attributed to the traffic law not being stringent\\strict enough.★4 be afflicted with
In present-day society, a host of countries are afflicted with chronic poverty.5 deprive someone of something
Modern cities deprive city-dwellers of fresh air and the comfortable pace of life.6 something impels somebody to do …
Peer preure often impels youngsters to spend exceively on fancy clothes and acceo-ries （饰品）.
★7 A has rendered B + 形容词或者名词，
We must ensure that technological innovations will not render us slaves to high technolo-gy.
The fast-paced way of life has rendered many people alienated from one another.
8 A recent study conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences revealed that …(如果是教育问题用UNESCO,如果犯罪问题可以用the Chinese Ministry of Justice ,交通问题可以用the Chinese Ministry of Transportation,建筑问题可以用the Chinese Ministry of Con-struction,环境问题可以用HSUS and Greenpeace )
A recent study conducted by HSUS and Greenpeace suggested that there were over one million mammals（哺乳动物） in lab cages（笼子） today.一个数据就说明了人类现在虐待动物的情况有多么严重。当然，请注意这里的数据编得不能太夸张，否则考官就会怀疑数据的真实性了。 9 be addicted to something
In present-day society, many individuals are addicted to / preoccupied with various forms of gambling.
10 something is the root cause of…
The population explosion is the root cause of water scarcity.
★★11 be confronted with something In contemporary society , we are confronted with a plethora（过剩） of violent and pornographic TV shows.★★12 pose a threat to …
In the contemporary society, the proliferation of non-biodegradable （不可降解的） rubbish poses a threat to humanity.
13 be inundated with something （充满）
The media are inundated with detailed crime coverage.14 If,,,, something will ensue.（伴随）
If parents neglect their offspring, lack of discipline and respect will ensue.
15With the incidence（发生率） of…hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.
With the incidence of driving offenses hovering at high levels, many have become dis-turbed and alarmed.
★★16 something is unwarranted （不可接受的）
Experimenting upon lab animals without trying to alleviate their pain is unwarranted.17 at the expense of…
We should not develop economy at the expense of the environment. 中间类
1 support (支持)/ oppose（反对） …on the grounds that…（鉴于）
Some oppose animal experimentation on the grounds that it is barbarous and inhumane.2 exert beneficial / detrimental / profound influence on something.
In this day and age, globalization is exerting profound impact on the way we work, live, play and learn.
3 A prevail over / outweigh / outbalance B.
The advantages of punishment for driving offenders prevail over its disadvantages.4 A create / bring about / generate / breed / engender / spawn / induce B.
Technological innovations have brought about profound changes to the political, economic and cultural fields.
5 A is a key determinant of B.
In an individual’s career, tenacity（不屈不挠） is a key determinant of succe.★6 It is manifest that…或者It is universally acknowledged that… Undeniably,..
It is manifest that globalization can bring numerous benefits to the lives of people in the Third-World countries.
7 It is standard practice for someone to do something
In contemporary China, it is standard practice for Chinese youths to choose Hollywood blockbusters over domestic films. 8 A is best characterized by …
A fine journalist is best characterized by discipline, determination and penetrating obser-vations.
9 A constitutes…（由…所组成）
Animal experimentation, in some cases, constitutes cruel abuse of test animals.★10 someone would be well-advised to do something （做…事情是对的） Parents would be well-advised if they spend more time with their offspring.解决类
★★1 give priority to something
The government should give priority to the optimization(最优化)of its financial resources.2 dedicate A to B
The government should dedicate more money to the alleviation of chronic poverty.3 be likely to fall prey to / be vulnerable to(很易于….)
Without proper parental guidance, children are very vulnerable to the violent or porno-graphic content on TV shows.
4 something should be condemned rather than condoned.
Indiscriminate(不加区别的) copying of traditional architectural style today should be con-demned rather than condoned.
5 it is imperative / crucial / key / eential that…或者something is of paramount / over-riding importance.
To the newly-arrived immigrants, it is imperative that they adapt to the local culture promptly(及时的).
6 something requires / neceitates / calls for …
The severe ecological problem requires / neceitates / calls for joint effort of all the na-tions on the globe.
7 distinguish between A and B
Many youngsters lack the capacity to distinguish between right and wrong.
• Topic one
• to cultivate one\'s independence 培养独立性
• to develop a strong sense of responsibility 培养强烈的责任感 • to foster a sense of competition and cooperation 培养竞争和合作感 • be neceary to sth 对...是必要的
• in one\'s future career/development 在未来的事业发展中
• to enhance one\'s social awarene/consciousne/realization 提高人们的社会意识
• to become more socially adaptable 更具社会适应性 • to keep pace with the outside world 跟上外面世界的步伐 • to build up/ establish one\'s confidence 建立自信
• offer somebody a sense of achievement/ accomplishment 给与成就感 • to actualize/realize one\'s value and capability 实现价值与能力 • to make money/earn money 挣钱
• to form a good habit of frugality/thrift 养成勤俭的习惯 • to provide a chance/opportunity for sb 提供机会 • to apply A into B 把A应用到B 中 • to apply for sth 申请
• in return/in reward 作为回报
• obtain/acquire/reap/gain/attain 获取 • cooperate and compromise 合作与妥协
• to master interpersonal skills 掌握人际关系技巧
• to ease/leen/relieve financial strain/burden 缓解经济压力和负担
• to enjoy a more colorful and interesting campus life 享受多彩和有趣的校园生活 • to widen one\'s horizon 拓宽视野 • to shape one\'s character 塑造性格
• to exert a negative/adverse impact on one\'s study and life 对学习很生活产生负面的影响
• to have a positive influence on sth/sb对学习很生活产生正面的影响 • take up/occupy one’s space and time 占用时间和空间 • the sole task/ the main task 主要任务
• to make the best of/ to make full use of/ to take the advantage of 充分利用 • be eential to/be fundamental to/ be basic to 对...是很根本的
• be mature and rational/be immature and irrational 成熟和理性的/或相反 • be vulnerable to/ be exposed to 对...是敏感的/暴露在...• social evils 社会罪恶
• to go astray/be led into traps/to become lost sheep/to fall down the slippery slope 误入歧途
• to tell/distinguish/differentiate right from wrong 明辨是非 • distinguished and outstanding 特点鲜明的 • It is unavoidable that …是不可避免的
• to become money-oriented/money-pursuing/money worship 变成拜金主义 • be spiritually contaminated/poisoned/polluted 精神污染 • the bulging pockets 鼓鼓的钱包
• to lead sb to the false conception that/to make sb get wrong ideas about/to make sb misunderstand that 使人误解 • It is no use doing sth 做...没有用
• to raise /revoke/arouse doubt about the neceity/feasibility of sth 质疑...的有用性
• at the cost/price of 以...为代价
• demonstrate/illustrate/display one\'s ability in sth 展示在...的能力 • distract one\'s attention to sth 使人分心
• to keep/strike a good balance between A and B 保持A和B之间的平衡 • lag behind 落后
• give priority to sth/ attach importance to sth/ lay emphasis on sth 优先...• up side/down side merit/demerit 优点和缺点
• Topic two
•
• to shoulder/aume the responsibility 承担责任 • be blamed partially for sth 为...负部分的责任 • the bad behaviors of sb 某人的不齿行为
• refrain sb from sth/ prevent sb from sth 限制...做某事 • be badly spoiled 被惯坏 • pave the way for 为...铺平道路
• in terms of /as…as be concerned 就...而言 • the legitimate guardians 立法监督 • be duty-bound to do sth 有责任做...
• to give proper guidance/instructions to sb 适度的引导 • to urge/spur/activate sb to do sth 引导...做
• to strengthen/consolidate the supervision over sb/sth 加强对…的监督 • remind sb of sth/remind sb to do sth 提醒...某事
• the importance and seriousne of sth ...的严重性和重要性 • one\'s mischief and misconduct 某人的不正当行为 • attribute to /result from/owe to 归功于...
• contribute to /result in/bring about/cause/lead to/give rise to 导致… • laxity/negligence/exceive permiivene 松懈 • be closely linked/aociated with 和...有紧密的联系 • specialize in sth 专注于...• consequently/ as result 因此 • resort to/ turn to sth 求助于...• corporal punishment 体罚...
• one’s psychological development 心理发育
• to bear heavy psychological burden/strain 承受巨大的心理压力 • to add to the mental strain to sb 带来心理压力
• to cause the estrangement/isolation/alienation between A and B 导致A和B之间的疏远
• to worsen/exacerbate/deteriorate the relationship 恶化关系 • to damage/ruin the harmony of/ harmonious life 破坏和谐的生活
• to undermine the social stability 破坏社会的稳定性 • shield/shade/roof sb from sth 蒙蔽...
• to develop a correct sense of sth 培养...的正确感
• under such circumstance/in such situation 在...的情况下 • be unbridled/untied 团结的
• take A into account/consideration 把A考虑进去 • give A some more consideration/more thought 关注A • account for/ explain 负责
• be conducive/beneficial to 有益的
• to bridge the gap between 弥补...之间的代沟 • moral training道德训练
• the thorny problem 棘手的问题 • be upright and just 公正的 •
• Topic Three
•
• famous people/celebrity 名人 • public figures 公众人物
• to come under intense scrutiny/supervision 在...的严密监督之下 • pay for sth 付出代价
• to enrich one\'s leisure time/recreation/entertainment 丰富业余生活
• to become an indispensable/unalienable part of life 成为生活中不可缺少的一部分
• to have the right to do 有权做...• be curious about 对...很好奇 • the nature of people 人的本性 • decent manners 正派的行为 • eliminate/get rid of sth 摆脱…
• as far/much as poible/ to the full 至多...
• be of great importance/ significance to sth 意义重大 • bring the free publicity/propaganda 为...带来知命度
• to make/create/fabricate affairs to draw/attact/grab public attention 编造事实来吸引公众的注意力
• to increase/improve/enhance one\'s popularity 提高知命度 • keen/fierce/intense/acute/vital competition 激烈的竞争 • compete for sth 为...而竞争 • make profit/revenue/income 盈利 • be satisfied with 对...感到满意
• be attractive and entertaining 有吸引力很娱乐性的 • to protect one\'s privacy 保护隐私 • to deprive sb of sth 剥夺...的权力
• the sensational coverage/report 轰动的报道 • to lead sb in constant danger 使...陷入危险中 • It is reported that 据报道
• be misleading and confusing 误导和令人迷惑的
• to produce profound negative impact on the growth of children 对儿童的成长产生负面的影响 • be equal to 等同于...• personal aault 个人攻击
• be harmful/detrimental/poisonous/pernicious to 对...是有害的
• interrupt/interfere/intervene/disturb the normal life of sb 破坏...的正常生活 • to slander/libel/insult/defame one\'s rivals/opponents viciously 诽谤竞争对手 • to violate/break the game rules 违反游戏规则 • be instructive and meaningful to 有指导性和有意义的 • the sensele and dull report 无聊很没有意义的报道 • focus on/concentrate on sth 关注...• artistic talent 艺术天分 • autograph hound/dog packs
• be hauled/pushed into the spotlight 成为焦点 • to behave oneself 行为检点
• by illegal/unlawful means 不合法的方式 • glamorous and charming 有魅力的 • the goip column 八卦专栏 • ma media 大众媒体
• on the condition that/provided/if 以...为条件 • scandal sheet 丑闻
• to sneak secret shots of sb 窃听...的秘密
• to splash/over-promote/boast/over-publicize sth 吹嘘.../过分宣扬 • to tail celebrity 监视名人
• under supervision/observation/scrutiny 在...监督下 • with the permiion/consent of sth 征得...的同意 • written defamation 书面诽谤 •
• Topic four
•
• the combination of one\'s capabilities and arduous efforts 能力与巨大的努力相结合
• theoretical study 理论学习
• one\'s endeavor and arduous efforts ...的巨大努力 • count more/be more important 十分重要 • integrated factors 综合因素 • the exploitation of sth 开发...• the decisive/determinant factor • the cultivation of sth
• to provide much solid evidence 提供充分的证据 • to play a crucial role in sth 发挥了重要作用 • to prepare oneself for sth 为...做好准备
• to handle human relationship tactfully 灵巧地处理人际关系 • to endure/tolerate preure 忍受压力
• to defy frustration optimistically 乐观地挑战失败
• to render/offer/give sb a comparatively systematic and comprehensive knowledge and various skills 带来相对系统和全面的了解 • to lay a solid foundation 打下坚实的基础 • benefit from 从中获益
• be handed down from ancestors 从祖先传承下来
• draw leon from the failure of our predeceors 从失败中吸取教训 • to avoid detour 避免走弯路
• to distinguish/establish oneself in society 在社会中立足 • achievement and accomplishment 成就
• with the advent/coming/appearance of 随着...来临 • a sound academic background 出色的学术背景 • to communicate and cooperate with sb 交流与合作 • to acquire the interpersonal skills 获得人际技巧 • a miniature society 社会缩影 • comprehensive quality 综合素质
• EQ/emotional-quotient IQ/intelligence-quotient 情商和智商 • era of knowledge-based economy 知识经济的年代 • ivory tower 象牙塔 • give the way to 让位于…
• self-betterment/self-realization/self-actualization 自我完善 • strive for sth 努力...•
• Topic Five
•
• duty and obligation 责任与义务
• to heal the wounded and rescue the dying 救死扶伤 • to have plastic surgery operations 进行整容手术 • to promote vocational ethics 提高职业道德 • be entitled the right of 有...的权力 • It is suggested that 有人建议 • desire for/long for 渴望 • It is desirable that 渴望
• bear the fact in mind that 记住 • be bent on profit 追求利润
• to bring disgrace/flaw/stain /shame/to their lofty occupation 为崇高的职业带来耻辱
• to be competent and responsible 有能力有责任感 • devote/exert/commit oneself to 奉献
• bring one\'s strong point into full play 充分发挥 • to belong to 属于
• to cure the sick/to soothe/relieve the pain 治疗/安抚...
• be sad and pitiful 伤心遗憾的
• to lose compaion/sympathy 没有同情心 • to deserve sth/be worth doing 值得做 • to stre/emphasize sth 强调...• to make both ends meet 收支相抵
• to throw oneself into/devote oneself to/dedicate oneself to 投入到...• to talk in a big way/count 说大话
• to cater to/satisfy/meet/appease/suffice the need of 迎合或者满足 • earn good money/make fortune 赚大钱
• to put one\'s heart into one\'s work/ to keep one\'s mind on one\'s work 投入到工作中
• cure sb of sth 治疗
• to line one’s pocket/be gainful 有收获的
• to sully/tarnish/humiliate/flaw/stain/discredit 消除耻辱 • read one’s mentality 读懂...的心态 • beyond reproach/blamele 无法指责 • be in deep agony 极度痛苦
• give scope to one’s special skills 有发挥特殊才能的空间 • unshirkable responsibility 无法逃避的责任 • occupation moral 职业道德 • self-seeking/selfish 自私的
• sacred and lofty profeion/occupation/cause 高尚的职业
1) It deserves /merits our attention that
(2) Notably / Noticeably ,
It is noticeable/ notable/manifest / evident that
(3) It is advisable/ suggested that+学生应该需要学习音乐和体育，
(4) It is a well-established fact that +句子 ,
It is universally acknowledged that + 句子
(5)Ample / rich /countle evidence propels me to consider that +句子
(6)Both empirical experience and
Academic knowledge enables me to argue that
(7)It is far from inconceivable / incomprehensible that+句子
(8) The role of sth cannot be underemphasized/ignored / overlooked.( 总结句) 什么的作用是不容小视/忽略/忽视。
The role of practical subjects, such as marketing and creative writing, cannot be underemphasized.
(9)With the help of sb / sth , +句子.Without xxxx, sb would never, never have done sth (重要性)
With the help of mobile phones, businemen can easily communicate with clients around the world.Without these technological gadgets, they will never, never have reaped so much material wealth
借助于xxxx的帮助，某人能怎么样
With the help of study about history, many students are able to sharpen their analysis skill.Without it, students would never have achieved a superb leap in academic ability.
公式一： 主语从句
公式：It is ……that +原本已经写好的句子
具体内容：
It is undeniable that +原本句子 无可否认的是
It is fair to say that +原本句子 很合理的是
It is no exaggeration to say that+原本句子 毫不夸张的说
It is worth mentioning that+原本句子 值得提到的是
It must be streed out that +原本句子 必须着重指出是
It must be admitted that +原本句子 应该承认的是
用法： 就放在原本写好的简单句前面就可以了。
情景：发现构思出的句子又短又没有亮点，果断变成主语从句，在原本简单句前面加上It…that结构就可以了。这些句型如此万能，以至于可以添加在文章中60%的句子前面，因为只要是作者写出的句子内容，基本上都可以说是“值得提到的”“得承认的”“毫不夸张的”。
公式二： 状语前置句
公式：状语前置+逗号+原本句子
具体内容：
More importantly, 句子 (更重要的是)
To be more specific, 句子 (更具体来说)
In this sense, 句子 (从这个意义来说)
Accordingly, 句子 (因此)
Admittedly, 句子 (得承认的是)
用法：把原本写好的句子前面加上以上的状语成分，再打一个逗号即可。
情景：其中表达2，3，5均是万能表达，可以加在文章中超过60%的句子前面，因为写作的基本规律就是一句解释一句，进行具体化处理，同时从内容上，都是“得承认的”。表达1是替代 Further more的绝妙表达，可以表示递进。表达5是极好的替代“so”的引出结果的表达。 公式三： 被动句
公式：原本宾语+be+过去分词形式+(by+原本主语)
用法：原本句子中的主语和宾语位置调换，动词变成be+过去分词形式，原本主语前面加上by即可。
情景：这是最简单的一个公式，但也是最容易被忽略的一种技巧。英文习惯用被动语态，中文更喜用主动语态。被动句是通向英文地道性的极好表达。改变思维定式，由“我们应该采取有效的行动”转换为“有效的行动应该被我们所采取“语言的地道性就会瞬间提升。
下面我们来实战演练，用这三个公式针对下方段落进行三次升级。
原本段落：
Computer cannot interact with students.It cannot recognize the unexpected performance of a student because of its technical restraints.Computer makes all education into a type of vocational training。
利用三大公式升级后的段落：
It is undeniable that (主语从句)computer cannot interact with students.To be more specific(状语前置)， the unexpected performance of a student cannot be recognized(被动语态) by the computer because of its technical restraints.Accordingly(状语前置)， it is fair to say that(主语从句) computer makes all education into a type of vocational training。
第15篇：高中英语写作高级句型
高中作文常见的高级句型
在高中英语中，作文起着举足轻重的作用，特别是在广东省的英语高考中，作文所占分值40分（基础写作15分，任务型写作25分）。但这一部分往往是学生们最头痛的部分，绞尽脑汁也想不出所学的高级表达及句型，因此，在此归纳出一些适用于高考写作的常见的高级表达及句型。（友情提醒：书写工整在一定程度上有助于提高作文分数）
高级固定句型：
There is no doubt that…(万能句型) 例：There is no doubt that we should struggle for the future rather than regret for the past.2
not only can we … but also we can….例：Not only can a beautiful smile make our happy ,but aslo it enables others to feel delighted。 3 In order to cope with problem ,we need to…
4 It is very important for us to … we need to do our best … 5 It is indeed the most memorable event of my life 6 Is accustomed to ….Is neceary to….7 It is our duty to …
8 Only in this way can we….9 The meeting , which will take place next week ,is in memory of ancestor’s arrival.in the village one hundred years ago.10 It goes without saying ….毫无疑问说….11 From my point of view ,we should take the following measures to cope with the problem shown in the picture 12 表顺序的 First of all; Besides this; Furthermore/What’s more; Last but not least.13 As far as I’m concerned...14 5% of students communicate with….15 It is no exaggeration to say that ….毫无夸大的说…..
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impoible to fix it without the right spare parts.③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot. 2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.
② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句
① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.
② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.
◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endle homework and attending claes as well.
② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. ③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆ with结构
① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.
② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. ◆ 倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building.→
East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→
Tired as we are, we are happy.
③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.
④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.! ◆ 被动语态
① Opinions are divided on the question.② All claes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. ③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆ 巧妙的改写 （1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom paed the exam last week.→ No one but Tom paed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置
① However, they suggest fees should be charged low.→
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.
② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese.→
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→ Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头
① 用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we\'ve learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.
② 用非谓语动词形式开头
ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest. ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好） ◆ 相关过渡语 表示强调的连接词
still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially.Obviously, clearly.表示比较的连接词
like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表示对比的连接词
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, neverthele, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表示列举的连接词
for example, for instance, such as, take ...for example.Except (for), to illustrate.表示时间的连接词
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.表示顺序的连接词
first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表示可能的连接词 probably, perhaps.用于解释的连接词
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表示递进的连接词
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表示让步的连接词
although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, ,whatever may happen.表示转折的连接词
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas 表示原因的连接词
for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表示结果的连接词
as a result, thus , so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.用于总结的连接词
on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他类型连接词
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,
第16篇：高级商务英语写作问卷
调查问卷
同学你好！非常感谢百忙之中抽空填写这份调查问卷，这是一份纯学术的调查问卷，主要是为了解虹远楼自习室的使用情况。本问卷采用匿名的方式作答，填写的答案将不会披露给您本人以外的任何个人和企业，仅作学术研究的分析之用，请您根据自己的实际情况回答。谢谢配合!
第一部分：基本资料
所在年级：□大一□大二□大三□大四□研究生
第二部分：问卷部分
1、在填写问卷之前，知道虹远楼设有自习室么?
□知道□不知道
2、如果知道虹远楼设有自习室，知道自习室地点和开放时间么？
□知道□不知道
3、如果有可能实现，你希望虹远自习室开放到几点？
□10点□11点 □12点□通宵
4、你去虹远自习室上自习的频率多高？
□每周都去□每月都去 □每学期去□没去过
5、请选择对虹远楼自习室温度的评价？
□温度适宜□冬天过热，其他时候合适□夏天过热，其他时候合适
□冬天夏天都热□其他
6、你觉得自习室座位设置充足么？
□充足□基本充足，有时没有作为 □不太充足，经常没有座位
□很不充足，几乎每一次都没有座位
7、你觉得虹远楼自习室桌椅质量如何？
□很好□可以接受 □不是很舒服□很差，不愿意去自习室
8、你对虹远楼自习室的改进建议是什么？
第17篇：德语高级写作总结
Schriftlicher Ausdruck(写作) ✣一.论证文。。 Redemittel: 1.提出论点：Erörtern(Erörterung) Ihre These lautet,…. Sie Stellen die Behauptung auf, da….Sie stellen die These auf,....2.给出论据 :Argumentieren(das Argument ,-e) Ihr stärkste Argument ist...Vor allem meinen sie....Sie begründen ihre Meinung mit...Eines ihrer Argumente ist....Als ein Argument nennen die Vertreter dieser Meinung,da...Vor allem meinen Vertreter dieser Gruppe,....3.对论据进行论证：Erläutern(Erläuterung) Debattieren(die Debatte ,-n) Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......4.举例：Beispiele nennen Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..✣
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✣ 一话题（以给出论点） 1.第一段：引出问题
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✣ 二：单向论证某 2.第二段：通过两到三个论据论证
➜论据➜论证➜ 举例
➜论据➜论证➜举例 3.第三段：提出自己观点，总结
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1.第一段( Einleitung) Redemittel: 1.1 话题起因（der Anla）
Seit einiger Zeit wird es diskutier,......Viele Zeitungen berichten seit Tagen über.../darüber,da...Profeoren machen seit langer Zeit darauf aufmerksam,da...Nach einer Statitik von......Schon lange fragen sich die Menschen,ob....Neueste wienschaftliche Forschungen haben gezeigt,da...1.2 问题所在（das Problem） 1.即 Anla 后面紧接的部分
2.如Anla 本身已是完整句子，则另起一句 Es geht um die Frage,warum/ob/Sollen....Daraus entsteht die Frage, warum/ob/Sollen...So ist die Frage zu diskutieren, warum/ob/Sollen...Deshalb mu man sich fragen, warum/ob/Sollen...In diser Situation stellt sich die Frage,ob.....Dies führt zu der Frage,ob....1.3 提出问题（Problemfrage） warum/ob/Sollen...
Achtung:第一段不能出现主观词汇，应以提问方式提出泛指的第三人称的观点。 2.提出论据(Achtung:至少需要两到三个论据，其顺序依次从最重要的到最不重要的) 2.1.1第一个论据（das erste Argument）/ Stärkstes Argument Redemittel
Ihr stärkste Argument ist...Vor allem meinen sie....Sie begründen ihre Meinung vor allem mit...Eines ihrer Argumente ist vor allem....Als das wichtigste Argument nennen die Vertreter dieser Meinung,da...Vor allem meinen die Vertreter...Das stärkste Argument zu beobachten ist aber,da...Am wichtigsten für sie ist....2.1.2第一个针对论据的论证（原因）（der erste Grund）
Achtung:论证需具备普遍型，可以为事实，数据，大众化的经验，科学调查，实践结果，社会准则或法律） 即：针对论据进行进一步的补充说明。.Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil...... 2.1.3举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..2.2.1第二个论据(schwächstes Argument) Ein weiteres Argument ist...Als ein weiteres Argument nennen sie,da...Zwitens,so argumentieren sie,.....2.2.2针对第二个论据进行论证 即进一步说明论据 Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......2.2.3 举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..2.3.1第三个论据
Nicht zu letzt sagen sie auch noch,da...Als das letzte Argument nennen sie,da....Das schwächste Argument ist...2.3.2 针对第三个论据进行说明 即进一步补充说明 Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......2.3.3举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..3.提出自己的观点并总结 Redemittel Ich selbst bin auch der Meinung,da.....Meiner Meinung nach soll....Ich vertrete den Standpunkt,da...Ich stehe auf dem Standpunkt,da...❀
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辩证式论证（正反论证） 1.引出问题
2.说出论点➜ 与自己相反的论点➜最重要的论据➜论证➜举例
➜次要论据➜论证➜举例
➜最不重要论据➜论证➜举例
➜ 与自己相同的观点➜最不重要的论据➜论证➜举例
➜次要的论据➜论证➜举例
➜最重要的论据➜论证➜举例 3.总结后引出自己的想法
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2.1.1表达与自己的观点相反的论点(以反对为自己的观点为例) Redemittel Viele sind dafür,da.....Viele sprechen sich dafür,da....Manche befürworten,da....2.1.2 支持与自己相反观点的最重要的论据 Redemittel Ihr stärkste Argument ist...Vor allem meinen sie....Sie begründen ihre Meinung vor allem mit...
✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜1引出问题 同 Eines ihrer Argumente ist vor allem....Als das wichtigste Argument nennen die Vertreter dieser Meinung,da...Vor allem meinen die Vertreter...Das stärkste Argument zu beobachten ist aber,da...Am wichtigsten für sie ist....2.1.3针对第一个论据进行说明 即进一步补充说明 Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......2.1.4举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..2.2.1表达与自己相反的观点的次要论据 Redemittel Ein weiteres Argument ist...Als ein weiteres Argument nennen die Befürworter,da...Zwitens,so argumentieren sie,.....2.2.2针对第二个论据进行说明 即进一步补充说明 Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......2.2.3举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..2.3.1表达与自己相反的观点的第三个论据 Redemittel Nicht zu letzt sagen die Pro-Gruppe auch noch,da...Als das letzte Argument nennen sie,da....Das schwächste Argument ist...2.3.2针对第三个论据进行说明 即进一步补充说明 Sie erläutern....Dies kann man daran sehen,da...Denn..../Weil......2.3.3举例 Beispielsweise...Zum Beispiel Ein Beispiel dafür ist..3..表达与自己相同观点的论点(注意对比性) 关于对比(Vergleiche) Redemittel Im Vergleich zu...Verglichen zu...Im Gegensatz zu...ist...Anders als...,ist...3.1表达与自己相同的论点 Redemittel Im Gegensatz zu den Befürwortern behaupten die Gegner,da...3.2.1表达与自己观点相同的最不重要得论据 3.2.2针对上面的论证 3.2.3举例
3.3.1表达与自己观点相同的次要论据 3.3.2针对上面的论证 3.3.3举例
3.4.1表达与自己观点相同的最重要的论据（最好过渡） Redemittel Diese zwei Argumente sind schon schwerwiegend.Noch stärker zu beachten ist aber,da....3.4.2针对上面的论证 3.4.3举例 4.总结（需过渡） Redemittel Nachdem die Pro- und Contra-Meinung gegenübergestellt wurden,würde ich sagen,da.....Zusammenfaend kann ich sagen,da...✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜
✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✜ ✣四 Grafik beschreiben（描述表格）（简单篇） 时态：一般现在时+一般过去时
描述现在的用一般现在时，如总结。描述表格中的在过去发生的事则用一般过去时，有时甚至会出现一句话中一半是现在时一半是过去时。 开头➜（过渡）➜重点描述表格 ➜结尾 1.开头(Einleitung) 1.1
第18篇：65个高级写作句型
65个高级写作句型，让高考英语作文瞬间升级！
2016.1.28来源：高中学习资料库
一、表达个人观点句型
1.As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.就我而言，在某种程度上我同意后者的观点。
2.As far as I am concerned, I am really/completely in favor of the test/policy.就我而言，我真的/完全支持这场测试/这个政策。
3.In conclusion/a word, I believe that… 总之，我相信......
4.There is some truth in both arguments, but I think the disadvantages of…outweigh its advantages.这两种观点都有一定的道理，但我认为……的缺点超过了它的优点。
5.In my opinion/view, we should...在我看来，我们应该......
6.As for me, I… 至于我，我......7.As I see it, … 正如我看到的，......
8.From my point of view, ….在我看来，......9.Personally, I think… 我个人认为......
1 10.My view is that… 我的观点是......11.I think/consider… 我认为/考虑......
12.I take/hold a negative/positive view of… 我对......采取/保持消极的/积极的看法。
二、原因分析型常用句型13.There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones...有一些原因，但总的来说，归结为三大原因。
14.There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.有很多因素可以解释...…，但以下是最典型的因素。
15.Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.许多方法可以有助于解决这个问题，但以下的可能是最有效的
16.Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般而言，优势可以列举如下。
17.The reasons are as follows.其原因如下。
三、因果推理常用句型
18.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.因为我们读了这本书，我们学到了很多。
19.If we read the book, we will learn a lot.如果我们读这本书，我们就会学到很多。
2 20.We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.我们读了这本书，因此/因为这个原因/，因为这，我们学到了很多
21.As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.由于读了这本书，我们学到了很多。
22.The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.超重的原因是吃太多了
23.Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.超重是由于吃得太多而引起的。
24.The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.吃太多的影响/结果是超重。
25.Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.吃太多导致/导致超重
四、举例型常用句型26.Here is one more example.这里还有一个例子。
27.Take … for example.以……为例。
28.The same is true of… ......同样是真实的。
29.This offers a typical instance of...这提供了一个关于......典型的实例。
30.We may quote a common example of… 我们可以引用一个关于......共同的例子。
31.Just think of… 仅仅想到想到......
五、结合全文归纳总结句型
32.From what has been discued above, we may safely draw the conclusion that… 通过上面的讨论，我们可以得出结论......
33.Taking into account all the factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that… 考虑到所有的因素，我们可以得出结论......
34.Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusion that… 从所提供的所有证据来看，我们可以得出结论......
35.All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that… 所有的证据都支持可靠的结论......
36.From what is mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that… 从上面提到的，我们可以得出这样的结论......
37.To sum up/draw a conclusion, we find that… 为了总结/得出结论，我们发现......
38.In short/brief/a word/conclusion/sum/, it is… 简而言之/总之，这是......
39.Therefore/Thus/Then, it can be inferred/concluded/deduced that...因此，可以推断出......40.From/Through/According to what has been discued above, we can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that….从/通过/根据上面的讨论，我们可以得出结论……
4 41.It is believed that… 被认为......
六、议论文常用句型42.It is a fact that… .…..是一个事实 43.It is well-known that… 众所周知…… 44.There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问…… 45.I think that...我认为......
46.Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer… 与流行的想法相反，我更喜欢......
47.Some people say/believe/claim that… 有人说/相信/声称......
48.It is generally believed that… 人们普遍认为......49.It is widely accepted that… ......是被广泛接受的 50.It is argued/held that… 有人认为......
51.While it is commonly believed that…, I believe… 虽然人们普遍认为……，我相信......
52.It can be concluded that...可以得出结论
53.People’s views vary from person to person.人们的观点因人而异。
七、图表型常用句型
54.The table/diagram/bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram/curve graph /column chart shows/illustrates/reveals/describes/depicts/reflects that/how… ......表显示出/ 反映出......
55.The graph provides some interesting data regarding… 这张图表提供了一些关于......的有趣的数据。
56.The data/statistics/figures can be interpreted as follows.数据/统计/数据可以解释如下。
57.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that… 数据/统计/数据使我们得出这样的结论。
58.As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table, … 如图/图表/表格中所示/显示/展示，......
59.It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/diagram/figures that… 从表/图/图中看......是清楚的/明显的。
60.The vertical/horizontal axis stands for… 垂直/水平轴代表......
61.There was rapid/noticeable/great/sharp/steep/remarkable/slow/slight/gradual rise/increase/decrease/fall/decline/drop/change in development in … 在......的发展中有迅速/明显/大/急剧/显著/缓慢//轻微/逐渐的上升/增加/减少/下降/下降/下降/变化。
6 62.The percentage remained steady/stable.百分比保持你定。
63.The figures stayed the same.这些数字保持不变。 64.The figures bottomed out/peaked at… 这些数字在......降到最低/升到最高
65.The figures reached the bottom/a peak/a plateau during… 这些数字在......期间降到最低/达到顶峰/处于稳定水平。
学习中，很多同学都会有这样的体会，很多考题明明老师讲过、自己也做过，甚至还考过，但是最终答题的时候还是出现错误，其实，在这些错题背后，隐藏着我们学习过程中所产生的漏洞，只有总结失败原因，才能够更好的接近成功，所以整理错题集是非常不错的一种方法。
常见的“错题集”有三种类型：
一是订正型，即将所有做错题的题目都抄下来，并做出订正;
二是汇总型，将所有做错题目按课本的章节的顺序进行分类整理;
三是纠错型，即将所有做错的题目按错误的原因进行分类整理。
新型的“错题集”——活页型错题集，其整理步骤为：
1 分类整理。
将所有的错题分类整理，分清错误的原因：概念模糊类、粗心大意类、顾此失彼类、图型类、技巧类、新概念类、数学思想类等等，并将各题注明属于某一章某一节，这样分类的优点在于既能按错因查找，又能按各章节易错知识点查找，给今后的复习带来简便，另外也简化了“错题集”，整理时同一类型问题可只记录典型的问题，不一定每个错题都记。
2 记录方法。
老师试卷评讲时，要注意老师对错题的分析讲解，该题的引入语、解题的切入口、思路突破方法、解题的技巧、规范步骤及小结等等。并在该错题的一边注释，写出自己解题时的思维过程，暴露出自己思维章碍产生的原因及根源的分析。这种记述方法开始时可能觉得较困难或写不出，不必强行要求自己，初始阶段可先用自己的语言写出小结即可，总结得多了，自然会有心得体会，渐渐认清思维的种种章碍(即错误原因)。
3 必要的补充。
前面的工作仅是一个开始，最重要的工作还在后面，对“错题集”中的错题，不一定说订正得非常完美了，就证明你这一知识的漏洞就已经弥补好了。对于每一个错题，还必须要
7 查找资料或课本，找出与之相同或相关的题型，并作出解答。如果没有困难，说明这一知识点，你可能已经掌握了，如果还是不能解决，则对于这一问题的处理还要再深入一点。因为在下一次测试中，在这一问题上，你可能还要犯同样的错误。
4 错题改编。
这一工作的难度较大，解题经验丰富的同学可能做起来比较顺利。因为每道试题都是老师编出来的，既然老师能编，我们作为学生的，当然要能学会如何去改，这是弥补知识漏洞的最佳的方法。初始阶段，同学们只需对题目条件做一点改动。
5 活页装订。
将“错题集”按自己的风格，编号页码，进行装订，由于每页不固定，故每次查阅时还可及时更换或补充。在整理错题集时，一定要有恒心和毅力，不能为完成差事而高花架子，整理时不要在乎时间的多少，对于相关错误知识点的整理与总结，虽然工作繁杂，但其作用决不仅仅是明白了一道错题是怎样求解这么简单，更重要的是通过整理“错题集”，你将掌握哪些知识点在将来的学习中会犯错误，真正做到“吃一长一智”。
一本好的“错题集”就是自己知识漏洞的题典，平时要注意及时整理与总结，在数学复习时“错题集”就是你最重要的复习资料，最初复习时一定要多回头看，以后隔一段时间可以加长一点，就能够起到很好的复习效果。虽然每位同学的“错题集”不尽相同，但其他同学的“错题集”中的优点是可以借鉴的，故同学们平时也要注意相互之间的交流。
【我为什么犯错】
元支我一直认为自己能够在高考中取得好成绩，是因为我对学习中所犯错误的高度重视。我有好几本错题集，只要是犯过的错误都被我认认真真记载下来，以备总结经验教训。
按照我的理解，错题不外分三种类型：第一种是特别愚蠢的错误、特别简单的错误，例如在粗心大意的时候把1+1算成3;第二种就是面对难度较大的题目所犯的错误，拿到题目一点思路都没有，不知道解题该从何下手，但是一看答案却恍然大悟;第三种就是题目难度中等，按道理有能力做对，但是却做错了。
掌握了自己犯错的类型，我就为防范错误做好准备。我比较重视一些概念上的错误，我仔细分析过我的试卷，可以说一半以上的错误都是因为审题不清造成的。每个经历过高考的人都知道，高考中审题特别重要。因此在复习中遇到自己所犯的错误，首先分析是否由于审题不清造成，如果是，就要找出这种诱使你审题不清的小陷阱，熟悉之后就不容易掉进去了。
【绝不一错再错】
对于学习中的错误，我有一个心得，绝不能一错再错!我把错题记下来后，会非常认真地对待。对待错题的态度和方法不同，学习效果会有很大的差别。如果只是把错题在试卷上标注，复习时随手翻看试卷，这种方法看上去节省时间，但是我觉得拿着一大沓试卷翻看错误，注意力会被分散，复习的效果就会大打折扣。
因此，把犯过的错误写在本子上是一个切实可行的好办法，一方面便于集中查阅自己犯过的错误，另一方面便于翻看。把错题集中记录到一个本子上，看到曾经出现过的问题，同 8 时翻看课本里面相应的内容，这样边记边看效果会更显著。由于每一科学习的好坏程度不一样，所犯的错误肯定不同，这一点在我的错题集上也会有所反映，记载下来的错误越多，说明我对这一科的掌握还存在很大的不足，也需要投入更多的精力。在高三复习化学时，由于我底子不厚实，而化学的概念又比较多，所以在我的错题集里记录下来的错题比别的学科要多一些。通过错题集，我及时调整了复习计划，加大了复习化学的力度，使高考化学成绩有了很明显的提高。临近高考的时候，我把我的几个错题本集中在一起看，每个学科的错误都被我重新集中扫视了一遍，每一次错误都被我牢牢记在心里，并且以最佳状态做好了防范。
做错题集之初，可能看不到立竿见影的效果，但是坚持防范错误，一边记忆，一边翻阅课本，找准出错的原因，规避从前的错误，强化正确的知识，在潜移默化中培养一种良好的思维方式，对真正掌握知识大有裨益。
【及时改错，不让错误陪我过夜】
【及对于错题，我是一个绝对的急性子，如果知道有什么错误，我不会把它放到第二天再去解决。在及时改错的时候，我注意做到：一是不绕过，二是不拖拉，三是分析总结。不绕过，就是正视自己的错误，不讳疾忌医，不为自己的错误找借口，搞不懂的知识就勇敢承认自己的缺陷，绝不不懂装懂，害羞胆怯地自欺欺人。不拖拉，意思是遇到错题，当场解决，不要隔一段时间再去解决，因为经过一段时间的间隔，很可能造成遗忘，让你想不起自己当初是怎样犯的错。因此及时改错很有必要。分析总结，就是对于每一个错题都要经过认认真真的分析，研究出错的原因，找准致错的症结，同时及时进行改错，避免再次犯错。
第19篇：高级英语丘吉尔
Exercises for Unit 5
Cla __________ No._________ Name ________________
Ⅰ.Multiple-choice 1.He said that everyone should turn their backs _____ a craving for fame and prestige.A.for B.down C.up D.on 2.Hitler was however wrong and we should ______ to help Ruia.A.make all out B.make out all C.go all out D.go out all 3.In June 1941 Hitler suddenly ______ an attack on Ruia.A.launched B.exerted C.developed D.created 4.I see the Ruian soldiers standing on the ________ of their native land, guarding the fields.A.threshold B.frontiers C.entrance D.gate 5.The subjugation of the western Hemisphere______ his will… A.to B.in C.according to D.against 6.When I awoke on the morning of Sunday, the news was brought ______ me ______Hitler’s invasion of Ruia.A.for…of B.to…on C.to… of D.for… on 7.Hitler was wrong and we should ______ to help Ruia.A.go out all B.go all out C.make out all D.make all out 8.Winant said the same would be true ______the U.S.A.A.with B.of C.for D.to 9.The Nazi regime is devoid ______ all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.A.of B.away C.from D.for 10.We shall ______ all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it.A.appeal to B.appeal for C.appeal with D.appeal of 11.This is no time to moralize ______ the follies of countries which have allowed themselves to be struck down one by one.A.to
B.on C.by D.in 12.In June 1941 Hitler suddenly launched an attack ______ Ruia.A.for
B.to C.on D.against
II.Proof-reading 1.I suppose they will be rounded out in hordes.
2.We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him on the air.
3.The Iraqis are counting in enlisting the support of the world. 4.On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind of his tyranny.
5.If you do not commit the crime, you don’t have to go all out to concealing the evidence.
III.Please identify the figures of speech used in the following sentences.1.After the failure of his last novel his reputation stands on slippery grounds.______ 2.I see also the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.______ 3.Let us learn the leon already taught by such cruel experience.__________ 4.But can you doubt what our policy will be? _____________ 5.We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, ...______________ 6.We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.__________ 7.…with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Pruian officers…__________
IV.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expreions in its proper form.Each word or expreion is to be used only once.
be true of, count on, devoid of, fresh from, in due course,
iue,
round up, thereby, to that effect
1.The great___________________ today is whether there will be war or peace.2.The sheepdog____________________ the sheep and drove them through the gate.3.Our team is ________________________ you to win the match, Joe.4.As _____________________ \"due to\", \"prior to\" can never begin a sentence.5.He finished first in the race, _________ winning the championship for his school.6.She called him a villain or words_________________________.7.Sound waves can not travel through a space_____________________ air.8.These are eggs______________________ the hen, not preserved ones.9.I will answer all your questions______________________.
V.Translation 1.Chinese to English Translation.1) 他真是个好人，经常在我妈妈面前说我的好话。(reference)
2) 过去的一切——我们曾经的承诺，曾有过的快乐，都烟消云散了。(flash)
3) 我记不得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。(effect)
第20篇：高级英语复习
Death of a pig
1.It is tragedy enacted on most farms with perfect fidelity to the original script.The murder, being premeditated, is in the first degree but is quick and skillful, and the smoked bacon and ham provide a ceremonial ending whose fitne is seldom questioned.
2.A pig couldn’t ask for anything better-or none has, at any rate.
3.…and when a pig (or a child) refuses supper a chill wave of fear runs through any household, or ice-household.
4.you could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting the gra along the fence as he wobbled and stumbled about, his stethoscope dangling-a happy quack, writing his villainous prescriptions and grinning his corrosive grin.
5.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happine was complete, and he managed to squeeze his enormous body between the two lowest rails of the yard and then aumed full charge of the irrigation.
6.…ours was a businelike proceion, with Fred, the dishonorable pallbearer, staggering along in the rear, his preserve bereavement showing in every seam in his face; and the post-mortem performed handily and swiftly right at the edge of the grave, so that the inwards that had caused the pig’s death precede him into the ground and he lay at last resting squarely on the cause of his undoing.
7...and the premature expiration of a pig is, I soon discovered, a departure which the community marks solemnly on its calendar, a sorrow in which it feels fully involved.
8.I have written this account in penitence and in grief, as a man who failed to raise his pig, and to explain my deviation from the claic course of so many raised pigs.
9.The graves in the woods is unmarked, but Fred can direst the mourner to it unerringly and with immense good will, and I know he and I shall often revisit it, singly and together, in seasons of reflection and despair, on flagle memorial days of our own choosing.
翻译
10.He stood his ground, sucking slightly at the residue of oil; a few drops leaked out of his lips while his wicked eyes, shaded by their coy little lashes, turned on me in his disgust and hatred.
它站稳身子，轻轻最了最残留的蓖麻油：有几滴蓖麻油从它唇上滴下来，它狡黠的双眼转向我，在纤细的睫毛遮挡下，充满了厌恶与怨恨。
11.we had been having an unreasonable spell of weather –hot, close days, with the fog shutting in every night, scaling for a few hours in mid-day, then creeping back again at dark, drifting in first over the trees on the point, then suddenly blowing acro the field, blotting out theworld and taking poeion of houses, men, and animals.
一段时间以来，气候始终很怪异—白天又闷又热，夜晚雾气沉沉，中午前后有几个小时雾气散开，随后又随夜幕潜入，它先是浮动在树梢上，募地就吹向原野，笼罩世界，吞噬了房舍，人和畜生。
12.with very small, timid pigs, weanlings, this ruse is often quite succeful and will encourage them to eat; but with a large, sick pig the ruse is sensele and the sound I made must have made him feel, if anything, more miserable.
这个把戏，对那些羞怯的小猪，刚断奶的幼崽很管用，往往就能鼓动它们进食，但对一头病中的大猪，却毫无意义。我的啧啧声，如果还有作用，怕也只是让它觉得更加悲惨。
13.from the lustine of a healthy pig man derives a feeling of personal lustine; the stuff that goes into the trough and is received with such enthusiasm is am earnest of some later feast of his own, and when this suddenly comes to an end and the food lies stale and untouched, souring in the sun, the pig’s imbalance becomes the man’s, vicariously, and life seems insecure, displaced, transitory.健康的猪精神气儿十足，人能从中感觉到自己的健旺，倒入食槽的饲料给它开心地吃干净，预示着自己今后的盛宴也有了着落，一旦这一切突然停滞，饲料放在那里变了味儿，原封不动地在太阳下馊掉，猪的失调就转换成了人的失调，生活似乎从此变得捉摸不定，紊乱无着，让人难以把握。
14.The pig’s lot and mine were inextricably bound now, as though the rubber tube were the silver cord.From then until the time of his death I held the pig steadily in the bowl of my mind; the task of trying to deliver him from his misery became a strong obseion.His suffering soon became the embodiment of all earthly wretchedne.
现在这头猪的命运与我的命运紧紧地联系在一起，就像胶皮管与胶带纠缠在一起。从这一刻开始直到它死，我心中再也抛不开它，我魔怔了一般，只想如何来解除它的痛苦。它的不幸很快成了世界一切苦难的象征。
15.The awakening had been violent and I minded it all the more because I knew that what could be true of my pig could be true also of the rest of my tidy world.I tried to put this distasteful idea from me, but it kept recurring.
此番觉醒来势迅猛，想到发生在猪身上的事，同样也会发生在我那本来有条有理的小天地的其他地方，更令我难以释怀。我努力打消这种讨厌的想法，但它去而复来。
16.…all of us working in darkne and in comfort, working with the instinctive
teamwork induced by emergency conditions, the pig unprotesting, the house shadowy, protesting, intimate.
大家都在暗夜中安祥地忙碌，突发事件激发了我们本能的协作精神，猪不吵不闹，房舍隐在朦胧中，警醒而又亲切。
17.everything about this last scene seemed overwritten-dismal sky, the shabby
woods, the imminence of rain, the worm (legendary bedfellow of the dead), the apple (conventional garnish of a pig)
这最后一幕的每件事。似乎都给人写滥了—灰暗的天空，荒凉的丛林，迫近的阴雨，蚯蚓（传说中与尸体作伴的），苹果（烤猪是常用作点缀的）
Inaugural Addre
1.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human
poverty and all forms of human life.
2.… unwilling to witne or permit the slow undoing of those human rights…
3.to those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the
bonds of ma misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves…
4.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.
5.and let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master
of its own house.
6.…before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all
humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.
7.…yet both racing to alter the uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of
mankind’s final war.
8.…civility is not a sign of weakne, and sincerity is always subject to proof.
9.let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors
10.…each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its
national loyalty.
翻译
11.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of
freedom-symbolizing an end as well as beginning- signifying renewal as well as change.
12.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided ,
there is little we can do-for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and
split asunder.
13.…one form of colonial control shall not have paed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.
14.…and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.
15...we renew our pledge of support- to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective- to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak- and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
16.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.
17.Let us never negotiate out of fear.But let us never fear to negotiate.
我们不会由于恐惧而去谈判：但是我们永远不畏惧谈判。
18.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungles of suspicion.如果小小的一点合作能驱散深深的猜疑。
19.In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final succe and failure of our course.
同胞们，我们事业的最终成败不是掌握在我的手中，而是掌握在你们手中。
20.Ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your country.不要问你的国家能为你做什么-首先要问你能为你的国家做什么
A Rose for Emily
1.But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood;
2.Not that Mi Emily would have accepted charity.
3.”just-as if a man- any man- could keep a kitchen properly,” the ladies said…
What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man, any man, could keep a kitchen properly.
4 It was another link between the gro, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.
The Griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them.They belonged to two entirely different worlds.However, the complaints about smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled Mi Emily to deal with the outside world.
5 The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in diffident deprecation
The next day the mayor received two more complaints.One of them was from a man who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way.
6.People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were.
People in the town fell that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important
than they really deserved to be.The fact that Mi Emily’s great-aunt, old lady Wyatt, had gone crazy had to do with this blind, exceive self-importance.
7.Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or le.
Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny le.Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town.
8.But there were still others, older people, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblee oblige-without calling it noblee oblige.
9.We were glad because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Mi Emily had ever been.
10..…and the very old men…confusing time with its mathematical progreion, as the old do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but, instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years.
翻译
11.When Mi Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old man-servant--a combined gardener and cook--had seen in at least ten years.=
12.And now Mi Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bemused cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and Confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson.
13.Alive, Mi Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town.
埃米莉在世时，一直是传统的化身，履行责任和给予关照的对象，这是全镇人沿袭下来的一种义务…
14.They were admitted by the old Negro into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow.
接待他们的是那个黑人男仆，他们来到阴暗的门厅，厅里的楼梯通往光线更加一男的楼上
15… and when they sat down, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with slow motes in the single sunray
他们落座时，一股细细的灰尘在大腿周围慢慢扬起，在射进的唯一一缕阳光中，与尘粒一起缓缓地旋转着。
16.Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why what would have been merely plumpne in another was obesity in her.
因为她的骨架小，换了别人只是有点富态，而到她身上就显得肥胖了。
17.So the next night, after midnight, four men croed Mi Emily\'s lawn and slunk about the house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoulder.
18.They had not even been represented at the funeral.
19.Mi Emily just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye, until he looked away and went and got the arsenic and wrapped it up.
20.Now and then we would see her in one of the downstairs windows--she had evidently shut up the top floor of the house--like the carven torso of an idol in a niche, looking or not looking at us, we could never tell which.
