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自考本科英语作文范文(精选多篇)

发布时间:2022-08-08 15:03:07 来源:其他范文 收藏本文 下载本文 手机版

推荐第1篇:英语本科自考教材

英语专业(本科)指定用书

1.高级英语

《高级英语自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《高级英语》 王家湘 张中载主编 外语教学与研究出版社

2.现代语言学

《现代语言学自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《现代语言学》 何兆雄主编 外语教学与研究出版社

3.旅游英语选读

《旅游英语选读自学考试大纲》 高等教育出版社 《旅游英语选读》 修月祯主编 高等教育出版社

4.外语教学法

《外语教学法自学考试大纲》 高等教育出版社 《外语教学法》舒白梅主编 高等教育出版社

5.英语写作

《英语写作自学考试大纲》 辽宁大学出版社 《英语写作》 杨俊峰主编 辽宁大学出版社

6、英语翻译

《英语翻译自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《英语翻译教程》 庄绎传主编 外语教学与研究出版社

7、英语语法

《英语语法自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《现代英语语法》 李基安主编 外语教学与研究出版社

8、第二外语(日、俄、法语任选一种)

日语:《日语》 日本光林图书出版株式会社合作编写 人民教育出版社

俄语:《俄语初级教程(修订本)》中国人民大学俄语教研室编 中国人民大学出版社

法语:《大学法语简明教程》 薛建成主编 外语教学与研究出版社

9、英语词汇学

《英语词汇学自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《英语词汇学》 张维友主编 外语教学与研究出版社

10、外贸函电

《外贸函电自学考试大纲》 中国人民大学出版社 《外贸函电》 诸葛霖主编 中国人民大学出版社

11、英美文学选读

《英美文学选读自学考试大纲》 外语教学与研究出版社 《英美文学选读》 张伯香主编 外语教学与研究出版社

推荐第2篇:自考本科英语论文答辩稿

论文答辩稿

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen: I am Kelly.My supervisor is Mr.Hu.My paper’s title is A study of junior Middle school’s English teaching strategies.Now, I introduce my paper.First, the cause of study In order to succefully purse the goal of teaching students how to learn, it is useful to understand the learning proce.Language teachers and researchers found that some learners seem to be more succeful than others in their learning in spite of being exposed to the same teaching methods and learning environment.Learning strategies can be defined as behaviors of a learner that are intended to influence how the learners proce information.Some famous scholars in our country have written several theses on the topic of EFL or ESL learning strategies, but most of the studies are at college level.Several scholars in Zhejiang Normal University are doing investigation about learning strategies in high school in Hangzhou now; their focuses are at senior high school level.Few studies in junior high schools have been done until now.I write my paper in order to make some contribution to EFL learning and teaching in junior high schools in China.Second, Statement of Objectives 1) To improve the EFL learning in junior high schools in China; 2) To make junior high school EFL teachers turn their attention to learners’ individual variations in foreign language learning; 3) To help junior high school learners be able to know the goal of EFL learning by themselves; 4) To make junior high school learners get to know how to learn; 5) To help junior high school learners gain the ability of learning by themselves and lay a foundation for life-long learning.Third, Definition of Terms 1) Learning strategies Learning strategies can be defined as behaviors of a learner that are intended to influence how the learner procees information.(Mayer, 1998) 2) Language learning strategies Language learning strategies are behaviors or actions which learners use to make language learning more succeful, self-directed and enjoyable.(Oxford, 1990) Fourth, Claification of learning strategies Cognitive strategies Cognitive strategies are thought proce used directly in learning which enable learners to deal with the information presented in tasks and materials by working on it in different ways.Socio-affective strategies Socio-affective strategies represent a broad grouping that involves either interaction with another person or ideational control effect.Socio-affective strategies concern the ways in which learners elect to interact with other learners and native speakers.(Eills, 1994) By interacting with one another students can improve their acquisition of academic knowledge and skills.This type of learning appears to foster two potent activities: active proceing of the information and cro modeling/imitation. Resources strategies Resources strategy is that student make use of library, computer networks, radio, television and other resources effectively,which can get more extensive information in English, expanding the knowledge.It is one very important part that students make full use of learning resources in foreign language learning.China\'s English language learners, learning resources and also not rich.Therefore, the resource strategy is particularly important.Communication strategies Communication strategy is to attract more students look for the opportunity to maintain and improve English communication in English.English communication strategy requires students to be active with students, teachers or with others’ co-operation of the high standard of English practice.Fifth, the approaches of cultivating learning strategies When strategy training is included in the instructional package, students can learn how to learn a foreign language while they are learning the language content.Students can improve both their learning skills and their language skills when they are provided with the neceary tools to: 1) self- diagnose their strengths and weakne in language learning; 2) become more aware of what helps them to learn the language they are studying most efficiently; 3) develop a broad range of problem-solving skills; 4) experiment with both familiar and unfamiliar learning strategies; 5) make decisions about how to approach a language task; 6) monitor and self-evaluate their performance; 7) transfer succeful strategies to new learning contexts.The goal of strategy training is to explicitly teach students how, when and why strategies can be used to facilitate their efforts at learning and using a foreign language.By explicitly teaching students how to develop their own individual strategy systems, strategy training is intended to help students explore ways that they can learn the target language more effectively, as well as to encourage students to self-evaluate and self-direct their learning.As we know, no single method of language teaching can usher in an era of absolute, predictable succe in teaching a foreign language.Language teachers have to turn attention to learners’individual variation in foreign language learning.So there must be a shift from the study of “how to teach” to the study of “how to learn”.

At last,I would like to first expre my appreciation and thanks to Mrs.Hu, for she has been providing me with helpful guidance, encouragement. Thank you !

推荐第3篇:自考本科

自考本科

(全文请仔细看!)

自考本科是我国基本高等教育制度之一,成绩合格后由主考学院和高等教育自学考试委员会联合颁发大学毕业证书,国家承认学历,符合条件者由主考大学授予学士学位。

高等教育自学考试是国家对学习者进行的大学学历水平考试,是个人自学,社会助学,国家考试相结合的开放式高等教育形式,是我国基本高等教育制度之一。《中华人民共和国高等教育法》明确规定:国家实行高等教育自学考试制度,经考试合格的,发给相应的学历证书。国务院颁布的《高等教育自学考试暂行条例》中明确规定 \" 高等教育自学考试毕业证书获得者的待遇与普通高校同类毕业生相同 \",可以考研,出国留学等。其中澳大利亚、英国的高等学府都承认,世界上有50多个国家承认自考学历。

自考本科特点

1、没有入学考试,只要想读就行,不受户籍、年龄、职业、学历和招生计划的限制。

2、学习时间自由,报读晚班、双休班、运转班、函授班、全日制班均可,中途可以间断。无论是否在校或是否在职,都能选择到适合于

自己的学习时间。

3、学习地点自由,在全国各地均可参加学习,考试成绩在各省市间可以转移。根据报考人数的规定可以在本地申请外地学校的自学考试。

4、学习速度自由,最快一年毕业,最慢无限期。考不及格的课程可反复重考,直至毕业。

5、选择专业自由。专科设有43个专业,本科段和独立本科段设有42个专业,涵盖十二大类,可以自由自主地选择你爱好的专业。

6、肯定可以毕业。因为考不及格的课程可反复重考,只要坚持学习,没有哪门课程是永远考不及格的。

7、该文凭含金量高。学分制国家统考,既保证了每个坚持学习的学员都能毕业,又保证了每个学员的毕业质量.该文凭不但在中国被承认,还得到英、美、加、澳等几十个国家的认可.自考毕业生出国留学可免修已取得及格成绩的课程。

8、该文凭权威性和信誉度高。因为该毕业证书由主考大学和国家自考委联合签发,而在上海的主考大学绝大部分是名牌大学,如:复旦大学、上海交通大学、华东师范大学、华东理工大学、华东政法学院、同济大学、上海财经大学、上海外国语大学等。

9、高专高职在校生,在攻读高专高职的同时,可报读自考本科段和独立本科段,等高职高专毕业时,可同时领到本科毕业证书,免去了专升本的升学考试,也免去了专升本的学习时间和费用。

10、尚未毕业或已经毕业的大学生、研究生,均可报读自考第二专业,并可免修部分课程。这种双专业、多专业的复合型人才,在社会上有更多更好的机会。

11、有些自考专业之间相同的课程很多,报考第二专业时,可以免考很多课程,如报读商务管理大专毕业后,可以领到华东理工大学颁发的商务管理大学专科毕业证书和英国剑桥大学颁发的剑桥高级商务管理证书,如果再增读四门课程,就又可领到华东政法学院颁发的金融管理大专毕业证书和英国剑桥大学颁发的剑桥高级金融管理证书。

12、部分自考专业除颁发毕业证书外,还可颁发国际国内岗位资格证书,如:商务管理专业可同时由英国剑桥大学颁发剑桥高级商务管理证书,金融管理专业可同时由英国剑桥大学颁发剑桥高级金融管理证书。物流管理专业可同时由中国交通运输协会颁发中国物流职业经理资格证书,再加读一门课程后可由英国皇家物流与运输协会颁发ILT物流基层管理人员证书或ILT物流部门经理证书,其它专业还有如中国电子商务高级职业证书,调查分析师证书,中国餐饮业职业经理人资格证书,劳动和社会保障国家职业资格证书等等。

13、历史形成自考教育收学费低,只有高职高专收费的1/4至1/2.14、自考毕业生深受用人单位欢迎。自考毕业生在学习过程中形成的学习习惯对其后期的影响远远超过了其已学知识的本身。

15、国家投资最少,面向群体最大,已经和正在为提高全民族文化科技素质作出巨大贡献。

总之,自考是一条宽广的、可行的、适合于各种人群的成功之路,只要您努力,您就会成功,只要大家都努力,中国就会辉煌。

独立本科段

独立本科段,是指“专升本”的本科,是为已取得专科学历的人继续学习而设置的。根据考生原毕业专业与自学考试专业的相关程度,考生须加考几门或直接接考独立本科段的课程。本科是指按照普通高等学校的要求而设置的本科专业,它包括基础科段和本科段两段。本科段也接受已取得专科学历的人继续学习。参加独立本科段和本科专业学习的人,最终均可获得本科学历,符合相关要求者,还可申请并获得学士学位。

高等教育自学考试独立本科段是为各类高等教育形式专科毕业生继续学习而设置的一种在专科层次起点基础上又独立于专科层次的自学考试专业类型。大多数省的自学考试管理机构对于这类专业均实行与本科段专业相同的管理,也是持有国家承认学历的专科(或专科以上)毕业证书或正在专科(或专科以上)就读者才可报考。考生在达到规定的毕业要求后,也可获得本科毕业证书。

推荐第4篇:自考本科电子商务

电子商务

培养目标:培养具备现代商务管理基础、掌握电子商务专业知识和网站建设及网络营销,网络管理等相关技术,能在信息产业领域及经济管理部门从事电子商务实践与管理的复合型专门人才。

主要课程:电子商务概论、计算机与网络技术基础、互联网软件应用与开发、互联网数据库、电子商务与现代物流、网络经济与企业管理、网页设计与制作、电子商务案例分析、电子商务网站设计原理、网络营销与策划等。

就业前景:从事网上商务数据的处理和管理工作,也可从事网络广告、网站建设与推广、电子证劵、网络信息资源管理、商务数据库管理等工作。

电子商务专业属于新兴的专业,是计算机开发类知识与财经管理类知识交叉的学科。因此,学习的课程会比较杂。就业而言,可以分为两大方向:一个是走计算机开发的技术方向;另外一个就是走非技术的方向。如果选择走技术那条路的话,很容易找工作,而且薪酬很高。但是,学好技术不是那么容易的事,而且做开发的工作很辛苦、压力也大,很多做IT技术的孩纸都很苦逼的。如果选择走非技术的路,找工作会比较难,而且很难找到高工资的。像这一类的工作有电子商务客服、网络推广、网站策划等等。另外,不一定能找到专业对口的。因为电子商务类的工作是实践性很强的,很多企业都是要招有经验的,没有经验的几乎不要的。建议毕业前一年,找个实习单位实习,为找正式工作积累经验。

报读武汉纺织大学本科双证就业班毕业的学生,凡在校期间遵守相关规章制度、成绩合格和操行考核优秀,100%面向全国知名企事业单位推荐就业。武汉纺织大学的人力资源管理是该校特色专业之一哦!同学们,可以参考下。

推荐第5篇:兰州大学自考本科

兰州大学自考本科 毕 业 论 文

题目: 护患沟通在临床护理工作中的应用

姓 名:学 号:专 业:层 次:年 级:完成日期:指导教师: 张 媛

护 理

本 科 13 届 2014/4/5

摘要: 目的:在临床护理中实施护患沟通,防止护患纠纷的发生,提高护士的业务水平。方法:在护理部的指导下,采用多种形式进行沟通,包括预防性的沟通、集体沟通、书面沟通、统一沟通以及学习沟通的注意事项。

结果:增加了护士的知识,满足了患者家属的需要,医疗纠纷明显下降,医院的经济效益有所提高。

结论:护士是医疗活动中的主要成员,是医患沟通的桥梁,护士通过换位思考,提供优质的服务,可融洽护患关系,使护患沟通得到保证。然而要真正持久的改善护患关系,还需要社会各界的支持以及医、护、患的共同努力。 关键词:

护患沟通;方法;护理;应用 引言:

如何处理好护患关系,减少护患纠纷,是广大护理工作中面临的一项重要课题,加强有效的护患沟通,才能取得病人的信任,在临床护理工作中,我们发现有许多医疗纠纷的发生均与护患沟通障碍有着直接或间接的关系,而真正属于护理差错或护理事故纠纷的甚少,因此,良好的护患关系对提高护理质量预防护患纠纷的发生能够起到一定的积极作用。

正文:

随着人们物质生活和精神生活程度的不断提高,患者的价值观念、健康意识、维权意识日益增强,对护理质量的期望值越来越高,护患矛盾日趋突出、加剧,护患纠纷的发生呈逐步上升趋势,这种现状众所周知,有目共睹,这不仅使患者(家属)感到不满,也严重困扰着广大医护人员,阻碍医学进一步发展的社会问题。新的医学模式要求我们护理人员要走进患者,走进他们的生活,这就需要沟通,沟通既可清除误解与冲突,也可促进和谐与亲密。现将护患沟通在临床护理中的应用介绍如下:

1 认识护患沟通的必要性

护患关系中的交流、沟通艺术是现代护理工作中的要素之一,是护理工作中不可忽视的问题,是融洽护患关系的基础,也是体现护士素质修养,水平高低的标准,在临床护理工作中,运用适当的语言,丰富的专业知识,以端庄的仪表、文雅的举止、整洁的服饰来服务于患者。护士工作在第一线,直接面对患者,比其他任何人都更了解患者及家属,护士在医患沟通中扮演着一个非常重要的角色,直接影响医院医患沟通的效果。患者刚刚住院,对医院的环境、医护人员会感到非常陌生,甚至有恐惧心理。护士既要配合医生医治机体上的疾病和考虑心理需求,又要顾及患者及家属的情感需求,要根据不同年龄阶段的心理特点和患者不同的心理反应,给予恰当的护理,这时候,一声问候、一句介绍,能缓解患者紧张焦虑的心情,在了解病区环境和医生护士的大致情况后,患者会轻松地接受检查治疗,配合各项护理操作。因此,沟通也是一种护理。加强护患沟通可使护患双方互相理解和配合,防止护患纠纷的发生。加强护患沟通可提高护理人员的业务水平和护理质量,护士在与患者沟通时,需涉及许多专业知识,如果护士没有丰富的理论知识和熟练的操作技术,就无法取得患者的信任,无法进行有效的沟通,因此,加强护患沟通可督促护士不断学习新知识、新技术,不断完善自己,提高业务水平和护理质量。

2 实施沟通的方法和技巧 2.1具体方法: 2.1.1 非语言沟通

非语言沟通是指通过人的目光、表情、动作和空间距离等来进行人与人之间的沟通。在使用非语言沟通时需注意以下几点:面带微笑地接待患者是进行护患沟通的第一步,它可消除患者的陌生感,缩短护患之间的距离,给患者带来愉快的心情,增加其对护士的信任感;眼睛是心灵的窗户。护士可通过眼神表达对患者痛苦的同情和倾听患者对病情的叙述使患者产生一种安全感,给患者带来良好的心境;护士端庄的仪表、大方的举止可消除患者的疑虑,给患者以心理上的安慰;适当的触摸可以使不安的患者平静下来,有加强沟通的作用。

2.1.2 语言沟通

护患沟通的主要方法是交谈,即语言沟通。护士所使用的语言应是亲切、温暖、善意、礼貌的语言,不能使用影响护患关系的直、快、粗的语言,应注意说话的态度、语气、方式,创造和谐融洽的气氛。创造一个温馨的环境,满足患者的心理需要。环境方面我们在病区的一角利用板报的形式建立起“生命绿洲”,向患者宣传健康保健知识。病室内设置流动宣传版,对有些特殊检查利用图文并茂的形式进行宣传、讲解。图案力求生动,色彩搭配上注意视觉效果,愉悦患者的感官,使他们对自己的就医环境产生心理上的满足;预防为主的针对性沟通:在护理过程中,主动发现可能出现问题的苗头,并把这类患者及家属作为沟通的重点对象,针对具体问题进行沟通,如对医疗费用有疑问的患者及家属,可将医疗费用清单上的项目向其作详细解释,并与物价局制定的收费标准作比较,让患者及家属相信收费是合理的。经了解家庭经济确有困难的患者,帮助向院领导申请,解决部分医疗费用,减轻患者家庭经济负担;交换对象沟通:一个人沟通困难时再换他人沟通,如专业护士沟通障碍时可由护士长进行沟通,做到一切为了患者,一切服务于患者,一切方便于患者,通过与患者沟通,建立亲切、温和、融洽的护患关系;集体沟通:采用公休座谈会的形式,对同一疾病的患者进行集体沟通、宣教,由专业护士和护士长一起召集病房的患者和家属沟通,介绍医院的医疗设备、检查治疗和负责医生,护士应运用自己的专业知识及时准确地向患者讲解所患疾病的病因、发病机制、治疗、护理措施、饮食、休息、用药及预防知识、注意事项以及家属如何护理患者,做好健康教育;书面沟通:将本科室的专科疾病和常见疾病的病因、主要治疗、预防措施、护理措施等制成小册子或宣传单的形式,护士与患者及家属进行口头沟通后,将小册子或宣传单发给他们,让当时不在场的家属阅读,知道如何配合治疗和护理患者;统一沟通:即科室全体人员统一思想、统一口径后进行沟通,对某些疑难病例,护士无法将病情解释清楚的,由主治医生、主管医生、专业护士等一起与患者及家属沟通。患者入院后,护士根据患者和家属的情况选择具体的沟通内容和沟通方法,并按要求写入护理病历中,护理部随时进行检查指导。

2.2 沟通时的注意事项

一个要求:即对患者诚信、尊重、同情、耐心、关怀。沟通时应耐心倾听患者及家属的叙述,使患者通过交流的方式把自己的苦闷倾诉出来,以减轻心理痛苦,不要中途打断话题,对患者及家属的提问要耐心解释,然后安慰疏导患者使之让患者感到在家的温暖,感到护士的关怀,不要搪塞应付,不懂的应请求医生或护士长解释;

二个技巧:倾听,即多听患者及家属说几句;介绍,即多对患者及家属说几句,介绍患者的病情、预后发展情况。在熟悉沟通内容、沟通技巧的基础上,增强法律意识,遵守法律法规,强化管理职能,严格执行规章制度,提高服务水平。

三个掌握:掌握患者的诊断、病情、治疗、护理和检查结果;掌握医药费用情况;掌握患者及家属社会心理因素;

四个留意:留意沟通对象的情绪变化;留意对沟通的感受;留意沟通对象对疾病的认识程度和对交流的期望值;留意自己的情绪反应,学会自我控制;

五个避免:避免强求沟通对象立即接受自己的意见;避免语言过激;避免过多使用医学术语;避免刻意改变和压抑对方情绪;避免医护人员对疾病的诊断、病情的解释不一致。

3 效果评价 通过护患沟通,护士不仅学到了许多交流的基本知识,而且护理的专业知识都有提高,使护士从被动执行医嘱,完成护理操作转变为主动与患者及家属沟通,了解患者需求,为患者提供个体化的护理。通过沟通满足了患者及家属的合理需要,提高了患者及家属对护理人员的满意度,护患纠纷也明显下降。自实施护患沟通以来,我院的医患、护患纠纷发生率明显下降,医护工作质量明显提高,床位使用率也明显增加,医院经济效益和社会效益同步增长。

参考文献:

1 卢仲毅

从医患关系现状看医患沟通在医学继续教育中的必要性,重庆医学,2003

2 王肇

儿科护理学,广州:广东科技出版社,1997 3郑显兰、李平、卢仲毅 护理部在实施医患沟通制中的作用探讨,重庆医学,2003

推荐第6篇:自考本科自我鉴定

自我鉴定

2008年我是一名在外企工作的普通职员,因公司提供的培训机会,报名了跟工作密切相关的“外销员”并一次通过,这激发了我多年来的本科梦,于是下定决心报名了 上海对外贸易学院 国际贸易专业 的自考本科。希望工作、学习两不误。

2009年4月以来,每次考试我都仔细复习,认真对待;因我本人的工作也是跟外贸有关的,学习的内容跟工作密切相关,学以致用,所以从来没觉得内容枯燥难懂,也从来没有任何作弊行为,哪怕是想法也没有过;因为我报考 国际贸易 专业的目的之一就是让自己在工作中具有更专业的知识。也因此,工作和学习可以相与促进,齐头并举。有些加考的课程因时间关系甚至没看教材都能考过,因为考试的内容就是平时自己实际用到的东西;同时,有些课本里讲的内容,又进一步规范了我自己实际工作中的不规范操作,两者相得益彰。 我本人也因工作中的出色表现于2010年下半年被公司提升为主管。

当然,自考期间也并非完全顺风顺水。2011年我有了自己的宝宝,时间变得更加紧张,既要工作,又要看孩子,偶尔还想看一下朋友、同事们都在热议的电视、电影,有时候还得出差,心思经常要在各种重要的事情之间纠结;再想想怀孕的时候还挺着大肚子去考试、、、、、总之无限滋味在心头。

不过,我从来没有后悔过参加自考!今天,我终于顺利地考完了全部17门课程,马上可以毕业了,但自考对我的意义绝不仅仅是一张文凭,甚至不仅仅是从书本上学到了多少知识,当然学到的知识对我来说也非常重要,但更重要的是在这几年有自考的日子里,我对这一件事情的始终坚持 以及在这个坚持的过程中 自己的内心潜移默化地形成的坚毅和对理想的不懈追求,还有无形中的乐观以及对未来的信心。

这些内在素质的提升是无法用语言来概括的,它让我在以后的工作、生活和学习中更加自信、执着和坚定。 “活到老,学到老”一点没错!我会继续以各种方式不断学习,提升自己!

年月日

推荐第7篇:自考本科服装设计

服装设计人才,稀缺岗位

纺织服装工业是我国国民经济传统支柱产业和重要的劳动密集型民生产业。近8年来,我国纺织品出口价格一直保持了8%的增长,国际竞争优势最为明显;在劳动增长率年均增长12%的情况下,纺织服装企业实现了就业人口年均5.8%的增长速度。2009年2月4日国务院审议通过了纺织工业和装备制造业调整振兴计划。以自主创新、自主品牌建设、技术改造、淘汰落后、优化布局为重点,推进结构调整和产业升级、巩固和加强对就业和惠农的支撑地位,推进我国服装产业由大到强的转变。中国服装产业已开始由“贴牌加工”将逐步到“自主品牌”转变。服装个性化、高档化需求日趋明显,急需大量的服装设计人才。经济危机,人们更愿意穿戴整洁振奋精神。

随着社会的进步,人们生活水平的不断提高、经济市场对全方位了解设计的综合人才需求越来越大,来满足市场竞争的需要,室内设计师不但要懂得室内设计还必须懂得室外的景观设计来满足设计需求,同时室内设计工作人员还经常性的进行一些自身公司单张、海报、书刊、杂志的设计,所以必须用到平面设计知识,目前大多数装饰设计公司都需要创建自己的网站,进行网上推广或宣传,从而进行网上接洽业务,如果单纯的聘请一位网页设计师来进行设计和维护,除了末必可以达到自身设计意愿外,还增加了每月的运作成本,所以从一个公司的正常运作成本上来看,完全有必要一个设计师身兼数职让公司运作成本大幅度降低。

2013年高级设计人才缺口达29万人,特别是那些既懂设计,又懂技术还善于经营管理的实用型高素质人才。

服装艺术设计专业就业前景!

中国作为中国最具有国际竞争力的产业之一,服装业这几年正经历着由简单的加工仿制向开发创新的巨大转变。在这个过程中,服装艺术设计师的功劳不言而喻。也正因为此,优秀的服装设计师成为各大服装企业争抢的对象,尤其是在现阶段,很多服装企业都感叹设计人才高薪也难求。为什么服装设计师变得如此抢手?这当然与大环境无法分开。目前来说服装艺术设计的就业前景还是不错的,自考的话,出了专业要选好,当然也好选好学校,最好是要选主考院校,武汉这边的主考院校有武汉纺织大学、华中师范大学武汉传媒学院等,。

推荐第8篇:自考本科自我鉴定

自考本科自我鉴定该怎么写呢?下面小编整理了自考本科自我鉴定模板,欢迎大家参考借鉴!

自考本科自我鉴定模板

1时光飞逝,一晃一年的大学生活过去了。本人从xxxx年进入xxxx学院计科系就读以来, 一直一严谨的态度和积极的热情投身于学习和工作中,虽然有成功的泪水,也有失败的辛酸,然而日益激烈的社会竟争也使我充分地认识到成为一名德智体全面发展的优秀 大学生的重要性。无论如何,过去的是我不断奋斗、不断完善自我的一年。

在思想上,要求积极上进,热爱祖国、热爱人民,拥护中国共产党的领导、拥护 各项方针政策,遵守国家的法律法规及各项规章制度积极向党组织靠拢,有很强的上进心,勇于批评与自我批评,树立了 正确的人生观和价值观。

在学习上,严格要求自己,凭着对考试目标和知识的强烈追求,刻苦钻研,勤奋好学 ,态度端正,目标明确,基本上牢固的掌握了一些专业知识和技能,作到了理论联系 实际;除了专业知识的学习外,还注意各方面知识的扩展,广泛的涉猎其他学科的 知识,从而提高了自身的思想文化素质,为成为一名优秀的大学生而不懈奋斗。

在工作上,认真负责,有较好的组织能力,工作 踏实,任劳任怨,责任心强。我结合自身的特长,积极为系增光,。工作积极努力,成绩突出,得到老师和同学们的一致好评。

在生活上,养成了良好的生活习惯,生活充实而有条理,有严谨的生活态度和 良好的生活态度和生活作风,为人热情大方,诚实守信,乐于助人,拥有自己的良好 出事原则,能与同学们和睦相处;积极参加各项课外活动,从而不断的丰富自己的 阅历,曾在寒假社会实践中被评为“先进个人”的称号,并在各项文娱体育活动中 多次获奖。

不足之处就是人际交往能力较差,我在今后的学习生活中一定会不断的锻炼完善 自己,争取作一名优秀的大学生。

自考通过了,但自学考试的文凭不应该是我们追求的终点,(而是我们走向新生活,寻求更高发展的新起点。)我会在今后的日子里继续参加学习不断提高自己,向更高的知识境界努力奋斗攀登。

自考本科自我鉴定模板

2高考落榜,虽然曾经失落过。很值得高兴的是我一直很坚强,所以后来决定参加高等教育自学考试,以圆自己接受高等教育,把自己塑造成一个适应社会发展需要的人才的梦想。在几年的自学考试学习中,通过自己的奋力拚搏、自强不息,我逐渐成为了一个能适应社会要求的新时代社会主义建设者。

首先在思想政治上,我积极要求进步,关心国家大事,认真学习\"三个代表\"的重要思想,拥护党的各项方针政策。并有深入的学习马克思列宁主义和毛泽东思想,并于大学第一学期加入中国共产党。

其次是在学习上,第一,我端正了明确的学习态度,我深深明白,当今社会是知识社会,科技发展日新月异,必须不断学习,才不会被社会所淘汰;第二,我掌握了正确的学习方法,自学没有老师辅导,必须自己去钻研,学会了用各种思路去考虑问题,不行的话就去书店和网上查资料,这样,日积月累,自学能力得到了提高;第三,我制定了严格的学习计划,由于白天要工作,只能利用业余时间学习,稍微对自己放松要求,就会产生学习上的惰性,因此我给自己制定了严格的学习计划,当天的学习任务绝不拖到明天。

再者是在工作上,我没有丝毫放松。我并不觉得工作与自学互相冲突,我在工作中总结问题,并尝试利用自己所学的知识解决这些问题,充分将自己所学的知识应用到工作中,一方面加深理解了自己所学的知识,另一方面提高了自己的工作水平。几年中,我的多项开发已经应用到工作生产中,节约了人力成本,获得了大家的一致好评。 ,而是我们走向新生活,寻求更高发展的新的起点。我们应该以自考文凭为新的起点,向更高的知识境界继续攀登,并以次作为回报社会的资本和依据,在未来的学习工作中,我会好好利用在自考期间获得的宝贵财富,把自己的人生不断推向前进!

自考本科自我鉴定模板

3回顾这两年的自学历程,虽然忙但很充实。在工作中,我做到服从指挥,认真敬业,工作责任心强。在时间紧迫的情况下,加时加班、保质保量完成工作任务。由于是边工作边参加自考,学习的时间只能从工作、生活的缝隙中寻找,且力求优化、高效地学习。我合理安排空闲时间,认真研读教材,然后整理有关要点、重点做好笔记;最后做到理论联系实际,学以致用。我想这些学习的方法和习惯,将会使自己受益终生。

“书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟”在这所没有校门的大学里,我体会到了"自学考试”这四个字的真正意义。在这里没有老师的指导,得不到同学的温馨交流,所有的问题只能通过自己的独立思考和借助材料分析。记得那是2011年的7月份,报了自考,当时鼓励着自己:这自学十几科的课程,我又要上班又要学习,一定要坚持下来。 在过去的两年里,自考已经成为我生活的一部分,每年的4月、7月、10月我会很自然的调节自己的生活节奏,投入到复习迎考中去,考试已经不再是一种任务,而是一种习惯。每次休息天,习惯于早起,眼睛睁开的那一瞬间,脑子想到的就是看书,学习。因为自考使我真正体会到,每一次考试只是一个里程碑,求知是永无止境的。将来的成就,是过去、现在努力的结果,也是未来的起点,而不是终点! 由于是边工作边学习,我必须得合理安排好我的时间及根据自己的学习能力,来报考相对数量科目。自己把多余下来的时间都投入到

自考学习中,统筹安排了学习时间。让我吃惊的是,因为自己的坚持和不懈的努力,居然这次五科都通过了,这使我信心大增,并相信,只要坚持自己的理想,就总会有开花结果的那一天。通过不断改进学习方法,让我在后来的学习过程中也更加的得心应手,并找到了学习中的乐趣。

相信有付出,就必有收获,两年的汗水凝聚成终身的能量,这是读书的最好受益。

自考本科自我鉴定模板4

通过参加自学考试,是我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它不仅给了我一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一起都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升。

目前,我的自考本科也即将毕业,很感谢自考,通过参加自考,我离我的理想又近了。虽然这其中也有苦的和累的时候,但是我一直相信“梅花香自苦寒来”。为了我的理想,我会继续加油!

通过参加自学考试,是我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它不仅给了我一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一起都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升。

目前,我的自考本科也即将毕业,很感谢自考,通过参加自考,我离我的理想又近了。虽然这其中也有苦的和累的时候,但是我一直相信“梅花香自苦寒来”。为了我的理想,我会继续加油!

通过参加自学考试,是我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它不仅给了我一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活

的态度,一种学习的方法,这一起都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升。

目前,我的自考本科也即将毕业,很感谢自考,通过参加自考,我离我的理想又近了。虽然这其中也有苦的和累的时候,但是我一直相信“梅花香自苦寒来”。为了我的理想,我会继续加油!

推荐第9篇:自考本科自我鉴定

自考本科自我鉴定

学习中,都会有一个阶段的学习总结,工作中会有工作总结,当自学考试的毕业证书拿到手的时候,我也便给自己作了一个总结。也许每个参加自考的人目的都不一样,但我觉得,这是一个努力的结果,参加自考毕业的人,都应该给自己一个自考毕业自我鉴定总结,这一定是一笔财富。

通过这么长时间的自学考试,使我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它所给我的不仅仅是一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一切都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

首先,在政治思想方面,我密切关注十七大的召开,认真学习和领会十七大的精神。作为一名外企职员,我在工作中能坚持党的方针,政策,努力实践党在十七大中提出:“求真务实,锐意进取,继续全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化.完成时代赋予的崇高使命,不断的吸收国外的先进技术和管理方法,利用国内的资源和设备实现进口产品的本地化和地方化.

其次,我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升.你对本文还满意吗 ?不满意里面还有呢,请看http://xiexiebang.com/ziwojianding/

总之,自学考试的文凭不是我追求的终点,而是一个起点,使我在生活中,工作中向更高的知识境界去探索,去挑战.如今的社会是一个知识的社会,只有不断的学习,不断的充实自己,才能不断的迎接挑战。我的毕业生个人鉴定完毕。

推荐第10篇:自考本科自我鉴定

学习中,都会有一个阶段的学习总结,工作中会有工作总结,当自学考试的毕业证书拿到手的时候,我也便给自己作了一个总结。也许每个参加自考的人目的都不一样,但我觉得,这是一个努力的结果,参加自考毕业的人,都应该给自己一个自考毕业自我鉴定总结,这一定是一笔财富。

通过这么长时间的自学考试,使我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它所给我的不仅仅是一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一切都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

首先,在政治思想方面,我密切关注xx大的召开,认真学习和领会xx大的精神。作为一名外企职员,我在工作中能坚持党的方针,政策,努力实践党在xx大中提出:“求真务实,锐意进取,继续全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化.完成时代赋予的崇高使命,不断的吸收国外的先进技术和管理方法,利用国内的资源和设备实现进口产品的本地化和地方化.

其次,我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升.

总之,自学考试的文凭不是我追求的终点,而是一个起点,使我在生活中,工作中向更高的知识境界去探索,去挑战.如今的社会是一个知识的社会,只有不断的学习,不断的充实自己,才能不断的迎接挑战。我的毕业生个人鉴定完毕。

第11篇:自考本科自我鉴定

自考本科自我鉴定

学习中,都会有一个阶段的学习总结,工作中会有工作总结,当自学考试的毕业证书拿到手的时候,我也便给自己作了一个总结,自考本科自我鉴定。也许每个参加自考的人目的都不一样,但我觉得,这是一个努力的结果,参加自考毕业的人,都应该给自己一个自考毕业自我鉴定总结,这一定是一笔财富。

通过这么长时间的自学考试,使我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它所给我的不仅仅是一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一切都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

首先,在政治思想方面,我密切关注十七大的召开,认真学习和领会十七大的精神,自考自我鉴定《自考本科自我鉴定》。作为一名外企职员,我在工作中能坚持党的方针,政策,努力实践党在十七大中提出:“求真务实,锐意进取,继续全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化.完成时代赋予的崇高使命,不断的吸收国外的先进技术和管理方法,利用国内的资源和设备实现进口产品的本地化和地方化.

其次,我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升.

总之,自学考试的文凭不是我追求的终点,而是一个起点,使我在生活中,工作中向更高的知识境界去探索,去挑战.如今的社会是一个知识的社会,只有不断的学习,不断的充实自己,才能不断的迎接挑战。我的毕业生个人鉴定完毕。

自考本科自我鉴定

学习中,都会有一个阶段的学习总结,工作中会有工作总结,当自学考试的毕业证书拿到手的时候,我也便给自己作了一个总结。也许每个参加自考的人目的都不一样,但我觉得,这是一个努力的结果,参加自考毕业的人,都应该给自己一个自考毕业自我鉴定总结,这一定是一笔财富。

通过这么长时间的自学考试,使我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它所给我的不仅仅是一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一切都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

首先,在政治思想方面,我密切关注十七大的召开,认真学习和领会十七大的精神。作为一名外企职员,我在工作中能坚持党的方针,政策,努力实践党在十七大中提出:“求真务实,锐意进取,继续全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化.完成时代赋予的崇高使命,不断的吸收国外的先进技术和管理方法,利用国内的资源和设备实现进口产品的本地化和地方化.

其次,我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升.你对本文还满意吗 ?不满意里面还有呢,

总之,自学考试的文凭不是我追求的终点,而是一个起点,使我在生活中,工作中向更高的知识境界去探索,去挑战.如今的社会是一个知识的社会,只有不断的学习,不断的充实自己,才能不断的迎接挑战。我的毕业生个人鉴定完毕。

第12篇:自考本科 会计

会计(注册会计师方向)

培养目标:人才需求:在2010年度主要本科专业就业率排行榜,会计学以92.2%的就业率排名第38位,应该来说,未来几年的会计学就业前景仍旧一片大好。本专业旨在为国家培养一批既懂中国会计,又懂国际会计惯例的会计人才。为企事业单位、政府机关、会计师事务所培养具有良好思想素质和职业道德水平、基础扎实和具有较强业务能力、有较强外语水平和具有创造品质的会计与财务管理的专门人才。

主要课程:成本会计、审计学、政府与事业单位会计、中国税制、资产评估、高级财务会计、会计制度设计、审计准则、注册会计师审计案例等。

就业前景:可在政府部门、企事业单位、股份制企业、外资企业从事财务管理工作。

会计作为一种商业语言,在经贸交往中起着不可替代的作用,在我国具有良好的就业前景。适应中国外向型经济迅速发展的形势,本专业力旨在为国家培养一批既懂中国会计,又懂国际会计惯例的会计人才。为企事业单位、政府机关、会计师事务所培养具有良好思想素质和职业道德水平、基础扎实和具有较强业务能力、有较强外语水平和具有创造品质的会会计与财务管理的专门人才。

实际上非常广泛,大概从从业的领域来讲,一部分是在会计公司里边,或者说他从事的工作是社会中介服务,主要提供的是审计,或者说咨询服务。这是一部分。另外一部分就是在企业和事业单位,首先是在他们的财会部门里边,从事基础性的具体的工作。经过几年的成长,像在事务所里边工作的会计人员,经过几年的成长,可能会成为经理,甚至于成为会计师事务所的合伙人。

那么在企事业单位工作的会计人员,经过几年的努力,可能会走上领导岗位,甚至于走上非常高的管理者岗位,在跨国公司里边,有相当多的管理人员,是有非常强的会计背景,都是也有一些在金融机构,在保险机构。会计专业的就业范围非常的广泛。 目前来说会计的就业前景还是不错的,自考的话,出了专业要选好,当然也好选好学校,最好是要选主考院校,武汉这边的主考院校有武汉纺织大学、华中师范大学武汉传媒学院等,学环境艺术还是要找艺术类的学校。

第13篇:自考本科有用吗

自考本科有用吗?

现在学历还有用吗?自考本科管用吗?“上学无用论”充斥着我们这个深入浮燥的社会。这个问题,很多人都在思考,社会在思考?希望下面这篇文章对大家有帮助。

一、社会认可度高。

自学考试因为学起来比较困难,而且通过率不太高,毕业证含金量虽然比不上统招,但认可度还是很高的,普通企事业单位对自考生还都比较认可,不过大型国有企业、知名跨国企业往往会在招聘启事中注明要统招毕业生,特别是近年来各高校连年扩招,连统招生就业压力都很大,自考生在这方面一定会受到影响,但这不能就下结论说是自考本科学历的认可度有问题,更多的是社会就业方面的原因。

从社会需求来说,文凭的重要性都已经太不如前,大学生不再是天之骄子,每年参加考研的人数为什么一年比一年多,不仅仅是自考。对于就业来说,自考生大部分参加工作以后才参加自考的,所以积累了一定能力和经验,从这一点来说比统招生更有优势。

因此,在目前考试体制下你拿不到统招文凭的话,自考无疑是一条捷径,无论今后参加考研还是出国留学或者就业的话,自考都是目前除统招文凭以外国内外认可度最高的。因为自考绝不是“一纸文凭”, 自学考试是一个对意志和毅力的艰苦考验的过程,中国高等教育自考学历才得到了世界上多个国家承认。国家明确规定:高等教育自学考试毕业生在就业、工资、户籍管理上享受与普通高校相同学历层次毕业生同等待遇。

二、含金量大。

自考、成教、电大、网教四种本科文凭中含金金量最高的是自考,相比之下自考本科对不甘平凡的你来说是很有用的。

入学门槛—成人高等教育入学考试是全国统一招生考试严进宽出,;自学考试没有入学考试,考生参加单科考试,合格一门,发一门的单科合格证书,所有科目考完并合格后,颁发学历证书属于宽进严出;广播电视大学也无须入学考试,只要具备要求的相关学历就可以注册入学。;网络大学由招生院校自主命题,组织考试。

学习方式—成人高考现在主要是函授学习;自考则以考生自学为主,也可以参加其他社会培训机构或主考学校举办的自考助学班;网络教育有两种学习方式,一是通过互联网进行在线授课,二是集中面授;广播电视大学有网上课堂和面授两种方式。

招生对象—成人高考、网络大学、广播电视大学的招生范围包括在职、从业人员和社会其他人员,一般要求高中起点报考专、本科的,必须是获得普通高中、中等专业学校或职业

技术学校毕业证书或同等学历者。自学考试的考生不受性别、年龄、民族、种族和已受教育程度的限制,属于完全的开放式教育,即使只具备初中文凭,也可以报名参加自学考试。学习年限—成人高考的学习时间当年8月份网上注册,10月份参加考试,来年入学,需要2.5年~3年。 自学考试采取分课考试、学分累积,只要你有能力只管往前冲,一次多报几科,有些专业一年半载就可以考完,且不受学制时间的限制,永久有效。

从入学门槛、学习方式、招生对象、学习年限这四个方面的来看,自考本科还是很有优势的

三、学历能力双晋升

不管是自考、成考、电大还是网大,如果没有通过考试,那么一切都是白搭。通过了考试,学到了知识才是真正的有用,,那么下一步只要努力就行了。自考本来就是人生的一种历练。

四、择业有优势。

自考本科可以胜在“双专业”或“双学位”文凭,多一项专业,多一项技能,可以更多的就业选择。能学自学考试,能坚持到最后的学生不是精英也是强者。

自考是一种学习过程,一种人生经历,只有亲身体验过的人,善于自主学习的人才是自考的胜出者,同时也是职场的胜出者。因为他们懂得怎样把握机会,怎样筛选机会,怎样创造机会,知道理性择业。

自考可以看出一个人做事的恒心、毅力和积极向上能力。

五、自考创业能力更强

自考生与统招生相比,知识的系统性相对差一些。但是,自考的考试不见得就比统招考试轻松,相反会更严一些。自考生大多是边工作边学习,他们能结合自己的工作,完全自由地选择专业,因为他们了解自身缺少什么,其社会适应能力和实践经验远远超过统招生。更能在现有岗位上有所建树干出成绩。

我们就是自考生,不要自卑,不要气馁,我们自身有很多优势,相信自己,坚定信念,你人生舞台会很精彩。

第14篇:自考本科自我鉴定

自考本科自我鉴定范文

在日常的工作和生活中,我遵纪守法,具有良好的社会道德,是一个有理想,有抱负的青年,自考本科自我鉴定范文。

生活的现实曾经让我只能将理想放在内心最隐蔽处。记者,这是一个让我又爱又痛的词。

3年前的我处在崩溃的边缘,我不知道自己的未来在哪里,我们常说,我们的未来不是梦,可是,那段时间我的梦是什么,我都不知道!

就在我迷茫,彷徨的的时候,朋友向我推荐了自考,并简单的向我介绍了一些自考的政策。藏在心底的梦想开始悸动。

2xx-x.7.29我加入自考大军,成为自考人群中的一员。第一次我就报考了4门课程,只有2个月的时间。当时也不知道自己哪来的勇气,放下书本这么多年,本以为自己需要一点时间才能静下心来,融入到自学中,没想打开课本,上面的铅字对我有一股无形的引力,久违的学生时代的感觉又回来了。

每天下班,简单吃完饭,迫不及待的打开书本,在知识的海洋中遨游。功夫不负有心,第一次考试很顺利,4门课程全部通过,第一次的顺利使我的信心大增,第二次我便报了6门,依然很顺利全部通过。这时朋友建议我专本一起考,以我目前的学习动力,2年之后便可拿到专科和本科的毕业证,自考自我鉴定《自考本科自我鉴定范文》。听取朋友的建议,第三次,我报了8门。那段时间,感觉生活中除了工作就是看书。有的时候很想停下来喘口气,但是想到自己的理想,只能咬咬牙继续坚持。

参加自考以来,通过的课程全部是凭自己的能力,没有任何作弊行为。

在参加自考的过程中,我并没有影响到我的工作,在工作中,我不但能按时完成公司交代的工作任务,而且还因为表现出色而升职。

目前,我的自考本科也即将毕业,很感谢自考,通过参加自考,我离我的理想又近了。虽然这其中也有苦的和累的时候,但是我一直相信“梅花香自苦寒来”。为了我的理想,我会继续加油!

2.

学习中,都会有一个阶段的学习总结,工作中会有工作总结,当自学考试的毕业证书拿到手的时候,我也便给自己作了一个总结。也许每个参加自考的人目的都不一样,但我觉得,这是一个努力的结果,参加自考毕业的人,都应该给自己一个自考毕业自我鉴定总结,这一定是一笔财富。

通过这么长时间的自学考试,使我在工作和生活中能够不断的提高自己,同时培养了自己不断进取的精神。它所给我的不仅仅是一个证书,更重要的是给了我一种生活的态度,一种学习的方法,这一切都让我终生受益。它考验了我的意志和耐力,给了我永不言弃的做人理念和事实求是的工作态度,给了我足够的信心面对竞争激烈的社会挑战。

首先,在政治思想方面,我密切关注十七大的召开,认真学习和领会十七大的精神。作为一名外企职员,我在工作中能坚持党的方针,政策,努力实践党在十七大中提出:“求真务实,锐意进取,继续全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化.完成时代赋予的崇高使命,不断的吸收国外的先进技术和管理方法,利用国内的资源和设备实现进口产品的本地化和地方化.

其次,我以正确的态度对待自学考试,很好的处理好自学考试和工作的关系,做到工作和自学两不误,利用工作之余和假日认真学习自学教材.尽量把自学的知识和技能与工作相结合,同时自学中养成的学习方法和学习态度让我在工作中受益匪浅,是我在工作中能够不断的自学与工作相关的知识,使工作技能得到不断的提升.

总之,自学考试的文凭不是我追求的终点,而是一个起点,使我在生活中,工作中向更高的知识境界去探索,去挑战.如今的社会是一个知识的社会,只有不断的学习,不断的充实自己,才能不断的迎接挑战。我的毕业生个人鉴定完毕。

第15篇:自考本科有用吗

北京领航学历教育http://

自考本科有用吗

自考本科有用吗?关于这个问题,很多人都在思考,以这个问题为核心分析一下自考本科是否有用!

首先,《高等教育自学考试暂行条例》条例总则第五条明确规定:“高等教育自学考试的专科(基础科),本科学历层次,与普通高等学校的学历层次水平相一致。自考本科是仅次于统招的学历,是社会认可,国家承认的。

下面将从入学门槛、学习方式、招生对象、学习年限这四个方面的来详细分析一下自考本科的重要性。

入学门槛—成人高等教育入学考试是全国统一招生考试;自学考试没有入学考试,考生参加单科考试,合格一门,发一门的合格证书,所有科目合格后,颁发学历证书;

学习方式—成人高考主要有脱产学习和业余学习、函授学习;自考则以自学为主,也可以参加由其他社会培训力量或主考学校举办的自考助学班;

招生对象—成人高考、网络大学、广播电视大学的招生范围包括在职、从业人员和社会其他人员,一般要求高中起点报考专、本科的,必须是获得普通高中、中等专业学校或职业技术学校毕业证书或同等学历者。自学考试的考生不受性别、年龄、民族、种族和已受教育程度的限制,属于完全的开放式教育,即使只具备初中文凭,也可以报名参加自学考试。

学习年限—成人高考的学习时间因招生层次、攻读专业和学习方式的不同而不同,短则需要2年,长则5—6年。自学考试采取分课考试、学分累积,最后获取文凭的方式,且不受学期、学年制度的限制。

所以说,从自考本科含金量来看。自考、成考、电大、网大四种文凭中含金量最大的是自考本科,所以,相比之下自考本科是很有用的。这是毋庸置疑的!

现在的社会虽说能力比较重要,但是文凭也很重要,有些时候没有这个敲门砖,你再有能力也是不行的,这就是现在这么多人报自考的主要原因。现在不仅初中生、高中生报自考,大专文凭报自考,这些都好理解。有些本科生,甚至是研究生也报自考,为的是拿双学位。这就充分说明了自考对广大学子的重要性。

北京领航学历教育http://

第16篇:自考本科有用吗

自考本科有用吗

说实话自考并不是对每个人都有用的,没有受过高等教育的人而取得成功的数不胜数。当你用着了本科文凭,又想认可度较高的,自考本科自然对你有用,反之当然是没用的。到底对谁有用呢?我们可以从下面几个方面来分析一下:

一、谁最需要自考呢?

1、.对已经走上工作生产岗位,但又对目前工作不满意的人员,自考可以学到所需要具备的的文化和专业技术知识,以胜任未来的岗位。

2、对正在谋求就业的待业者是有用的,求职成功需要先武装自己,使自己强大起来,成为千里马。

3、有人说对全国扫盲有用,连扫地收破烂的都是大学生了,收废品也需要营销了。

4、对因某种原因没能进入大学校门而又向往的人是有用的,上大学对他们来说就是小时候的梦想,而不是仅仅是那一张纸。

5、对已经接受过高等教育的专业技术人员和管理人员是有用的,自考可以使他们进行知识更新和专业知识拓展,提高业务能力,取得更大的成就。

二、什么时候需要本科毕业证?

1、.当你想考公务员的时候,公务员目前还是最令人向往的职业,不然就不会几千人竞争一个空缺职位,自考本科还管点儿用。某些公务员职位是需要本科学历的,当你没有本科学历而又想竞争这个职位的时候,自考本科是一个很好的选择。延伸阅读:

2、当你想进外资或向往的单位面试工作时,这些牛比的单位在发布招聘信息的时候就指明了需要本科学历的,当你没有这张纸,连门都进不去了,此时,自考本科证可能是你唯一的救命稻草。

3、.当你想考研究生的时候,自考本科是有用的。一般考研究生都需要有本科的文凭,此时自考本科也是一个获得本科毕业证不错的途径。延伸阅读:

三、只要是中国人就能自考

1、自考是不受性别、年龄、学历的限制,只要是具有中国国籍的人都可以参加自考,初中没毕业的都可以参加,大大降低了自考的门槛;

2、自考没有入学考试,采用教考分离的制度,每科成绩及格,就可以获得毕业证,学习模式灵活;

3、自考本科不受学年、学期限制,快则一年半栽就考完了,即可毕业,而成人高考快则3年,慢则5-6年,网络教育最少也得两年半。

四、自考你也能成材。

自考是国务院批准的高等教育国家考试,目的就是为了促进广泛的个人自学和社会助学活动,推进在职专业教育和大学后继续教育,造就和选拔德才兼备的专门人才,提高全民族的思想道德、科学文化素质,适应社会主义现代化建设的需要。

第17篇:护理学自考本科

河南科技大学【社区护理学】专业自考本科助学

班招生

100705社区护理学专业(独立本科段)课程设置与学分

主考院校:河南科技大学

课程代码 课程名称 学分 备注

03708 03709 00015 00018 00019 00182 03005 03626 03628 03699 03700 04435 03006 06999

中国近现代史纲要 马克思主义基本原理概论 英语(二)

计算机应用基础(10月考) 计算机应用基础(实践) 公共关系学(10月考) 护理教育导论(10月考 社区康复护理 社区精神卫生护理 护理学研究(二) 护理社会学概论 老年护理学 护理管理学 毕业论文

2 4 14 2 2 4 5 5 8 8 7 5 5

序号

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 10 12 13 14

统考课程* 统考课程* 统考课程* 统考课程 实践课程 统考课程 统考课程 助学课程 助学课程 助学课程 助学课程 统考课程 助学课程 实践课程

不计学分

说明:社区护理、临床医学、护理学和中医护理学专业专科及以上毕业生且目前在岗的护理专业人员、护理教师及护理干部可以报考本专业。

备注:红色为必考科目

郑州东旭教育学校 苗老师

第18篇:北京师范大学自考本科

6420 6319

6321 6322 6330

7240 6510 6591

7482

7491

7851 7852 7712 7713

8911 8912 8913 8919 8920 8990 7492

2431 2432 2433 2434 2435 2436 2437 2438

其他工艺美术品制造

(二)园林、陈设艺术及其他陶瓷制品的制造 园林、陈设艺术及其他陶瓷制品制造* —陈设艺术陶瓷制品制造

(三)工艺美术品的销售 首饰、工艺品及收藏品批发 珠宝首饰零售

工艺美术品及收藏品零售

7250

2311 2312 2319 2320 2330 8941 8949 5181 5182

7121 7122 7123 7292 7299

2411 2412 2414 2421 2422 2423 2429 2450 2461 2462 其他娱乐用品制造

(五)视听设备的制造 电视机制造 音响设备制造 影视录放设备制造

(六)焰火、鞭炮产品的制造 焰火、鞭炮产品制造

(七)文化用纸的制造 机制纸及纸板制造* —文化用机制纸及纸板制造 手工纸制造

(八)文化用油墨颜料的制造 油墨及类似产品制造 颜料制造* —文化用颜料制造

(九)文化用化学品的制造 信息化学品制造* —文化用信息化学品的制造

(十)其他文化用品的制造 照明灯具制造* —装饰用灯和影视舞台灯制造 其他电子设备制造* —电子快译通、电子记事本、电子词典等制造

(十一)文具乐器照相器材的销售 文具用品批发 文具用品零售 乐器零售 照相器材零售

(十二)文化用家电的销售 家用电器批发* —文化用家用电器批发 家用视听设备零售

(十三)其他文化用品的销售 其他文化用品批发 其他文化用品零售

十、文化专用设备的生产

(一)印刷专用设备的制造 印刷专用设备制造

(二)广播电视电影专用设备的制造 广播电视节目制作及发射设备制造 广播电视接收设备及器材制造

应用电视设备及其他广播电视设备制造 电影机械制造

(三)其他文化专用设备的制造 幻灯及投影设备制造 照相机及器材制造 复印和胶印设备制造

(四)广播电视电影专用设备的批发 通讯及广播电视设备批发* —广播电视电影专用设备批发

(五)舞台照明设备的批发 电气设备批发* —舞台照明设备的批发

2469 3951 3952 3953 2672 2221 2222 2642 2643

2664

3872 3990

5141 5241 5247 5248 5137 5271 5149 5249

3542 3931 3932 3939 3471 3472 3473 3474 5178

5176

第19篇:自考综合英语作文

综合英语二 的难句释义 与 作文

Leon 1: the 9 things the book referred are: Pick a difficult thing and learn it well.挑一件难事,从中学习Donot be afraid to ask "stupid"question.不耻下问 Listen carefully.仔细聆听 Everybody makes mistakes.人非圣贤,孰能无过? Know your planet.了解你所处的星球 Science and technology.科学与技术 Donot spend your life watching TV.不要终生沉迷在电视上 Culture.文化 Compaion.同情去年十月份综二卷已经考过这课了,故此次可能不会再考有关此课文的问答题。所以要注意此课后面的语法知识。 1.主谓一致的三条原则 1)语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致。 2)意义一致,即根据意义来处理一致关系。 3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致 1)当主语为furniture, equipment, machinery等词时,谓语动词通常用单数。 2)集体名词如people, cattle, police, poultry,等往往作复数用。 3)family, government, cla, committee, audience , team, public 等词被视做一个整体时,其后的动词作单数;被视做为构成整体的个体时,其后的动词则为复数。 3.并列主语与动词的一致 1)当“名词+名词”表示一种事物时,用单数动词。 2)当主语是由and, both „.and 连接的并列结构时,如果主语所指的不是一种事物,动词则用复数形式。 3)在又or或 nor连接的并列结构中,动词单、复数形式一般与or 或 nor 后边的名词或代词保持一致。 4) not only „ but also 连接的结构做主语时,动词的单、复数形式依据but also 后的名词或代词。 留下翻译练习: 出席会议 干的不错 体验苦难 自学英语 发现奇迹 忍住咳嗽 掌握技能 获取知识 需要勇气 丰富生活 接受修正 改正错误 不再指望 作出努力 1.新造的大桥坍塌了,一名工程师和两名地方官员为此受到刑事起诉。 2.他工作了一天,午饭都没动。 3.经常性的体育运动使学生身体强壮,更好的适应学习,决不是浪费时间。 4.在海洋世界公园,海豹和海豚能够表演各种技巧,逗的小观众们乐不可支。 5.把快乐建立在别人痛苦之上的人迟早要受到报应的。 6.在某些方面,那部新字典有不少地方需要改进。 7.当那辆公共汽车冲进路边翻了车时,许多小朋友被困在里边。 8.在开幕式上,市政府将为一千多明来宾提供饮食。 9.在中国,城市家庭只允许生一个孩子。 10.只要我们能得到点休息,去哪里并不重要。 1.那位男孩向警察询问去火车站怎么走。 2.学习外语没有任何捷径可走。 3.获悉我最喜欢的数学老师仍然在那所学校教书我决定去看他。 4.这位老工人教育他的子女做人要诚实。 5.他问老板那天他是否可以早点离开办公室。 6.艰难困苦使我们对我们现有的一切感到满意。 7.毕业时他要求到西藏去工作一年。 8.我只不过是想关心别人,也希望受到他人的关心,我的要求并不过分。 9.聪明人从自己的错误中吸取教训。 10.求援是没有用的,因为已经早过了午夜。 11.那位科学家教育他的学生说年轻人要面向未来。 12.问及她生活的最大乐趣时,她说“学习”。 难句释义 leon 1 Twelve things i wish they taught at school 1.Sometimes I think how grateful i would be today if I had learned more back then about what really matter.有时候,我想那时要是能学点真正重要的东西,今天我会多么地心存感激。 2.the only thing I ever learned in school about Napoleons was that the United States made a Louisianna Purchase from him 关于拿破仑,在学校里我所学到的仅仅是美国从他手里买下路易斯安那。 3.That's one of the few things that we do better than the other species on our planet.这是我们人类比这个星球上其它物种做得好些的为数有限的几件事中的一件。 4.It's much braver to ask questions even when there's a prospect of ridicule than to suppre your questions and become deadened to the world around you.明知会引起嘲笑而提问要比把问题埋在心里、对周围的一切变得麻木不仁要勇挂得多。 5.If such a work is hundreds or thousands of years old and is still admired, there is probably something to it.既然一部作品已存在了几百年或是几千年,今天仍然受到赞赏,那么大概它确实是有些名堂。 6.Look at the delight a one-or two- year old takes in learning, and you see how powerful is the human will to learn.如果你看到一个一两岁的孩子学做一件事时的乐趣,你就会明白人类学习的意志有多么坚强了。

leon 2 Icons 1.But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? 究竟是哪些因素使有些人成为偶像,另一些人仅成了名流呢? 2.With the arrival of television,the faces of the stars became as familiar as those we saw acro the breakfast table.电视的出现,使我们对明星的面孔就像像对家里人的面孔那样熟悉。 3.This kind of attitude rewards smooth,insincere talk,and makes hesitancy look like stupidity 这种看法结果是鼓励了口若悬河的空话,而把迟疑看成是愚笨。

leon 3(昨天的) Go-go Americans 1.We are slaves to nothing but the clock.“我们只受时钟的支配,”这是人们的口头禅。 2.We want every minute to count.我们想让每一分钟都发挥作用。 3.Don't take it personally.但这种表现不是针对个人的。 4.Many of us have what might be called" a short fuse".我们当中很多人都会很容易“发火”。 5.Most Americans live according to time segments laid out in engagement calendars.多数美国人是按照活动日程所制定的时间段来生活的。 6.An increasingly high percentage of normal busine is being done these days by voice and electronic device.今天通过声音或是电子设施来处理日常公务的比例越来越高。

leon 4 Take over,Bos'n 1.If i had to shoot at such close quarters, I wouldn't mi.要是我不得不开枪的话,离这么近他们谁也跑不掉。 2.As long as we could look forward to getting a drink later, there was something to live for.只要我们一直盼着待会儿还能喝上一口水,我们就有了活下去的目标。 3."Why don't you quit? You can't hold out!" “你干吗不放手?你能坚持到底吗?” 4.Nothing else would have kept Barrett and the rest away from the water.除了枪,别的任何东西也不可能阻止巴雷特和其他人接近那点水。

leon 5 Are you giving your kids too much? 1.I'm not complaining, only making a point.我并不是抱怨,只是表明一个看法。 2.Overindulgence of a child also happens when parents are unable to stand up to their children's unreasonable demands.父母顶不住孩子们的无理要求也就娇惯了孩子。 3.Such parents vacillate between saying no and giving in——but neither response seems satisfactory to them.这类家长举棋不定,对孩子们的无理要求,不知道是该回绝还是该满足,觉得这两者都不理想。 4.But overindulging children with material things does little to leen parental guilty 可是过分满足孩子的物质要求并不能减轻家长的内疚感 5.Also, overindulged children are not as challenged as children with fewer playthings to be more creative in their play.还有,玩具太多的孩子在玩的时候不如玩具少的孩子有创造性。 6.Rather, my intent is to help those parents who have already sensed that they might be overindulging their children but don't know how to stop.准确地说,我的意图是给那些已经意识到自己娇宠孩子而又不知怎样纠正的家长出点主意。 7.It's the cheerfulne and lack of hesitation that impre upon the child that parents mean what they say.这种和颜悦色和毫不犹豫的态度让孩子感到父母说话是算话的。 8.For a while they'll keep on applying the old preures that used to work so well.在一段时间里,他还会采取过去行之有效的施加压力的老办法。

Leon 6 Culture shock 1.Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbls of social intercourse.文化震荡是由因失去社交活动中人们熟悉的标志和信号而引起的忧虑所造成的。 2.All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, often with our conscious awarene.我们每个人都是不自觉地依赖这些成百上千的信号来维持心境的平和及办事效率。 3.The home environment suddenly takes on a tremendous importance.To the foreigner everything becomes irrationly glorified.这时在一个刚到外国的人的心目中,自己国家各方面的情况忽然变得无比重要。对他来说家乡的每一件事都变得不合逻辑地美好了。 4.It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.只有回国一趟,才能使他们回到现实中来。 5.I had the advantage of speaking the same basic language and of sharing a great deal with the English in some broad, cultural aspects.我的优势是与英国人说的是基本相同的语言,在广义的文化渊源方面也与他们有许多共同之处。 6.For some people, it may take several days to readjust.depending on the length of time they were away.有些人可能要花上几天的时间来重新适应一切,需要多长时间与他们离开的时间长短有关。 translation: 移植器官 接受邀请 拒绝邀请 认真看待 建立关系 坚持原则 更换恋人 兑换货币 社交约会 良好看法 面部表情 职业病 违约 (1)医生说病人的病源于孤独和压抑。 (2)自从中国实施改革开放政策以来,这个城市的面貌焕然一新。 (3)萨拉对18世纪的西班牙音乐并不熟悉。 (4)感受文化震荡的外国人常常采取与世隔绝的态度。 (5)在头几个月,许多新生难以适应大学生活。 (6)芳芳上几个月才到达澳大利亚,已经很快适应了新的环境。 (7)在实验中,马丁严格遵守导师定下的规则。 (8)只要你努力工作,虚心向别人学习,新上任的压力会逐步消除的。 (9)生物学家决定试用那套昂贵的设备。 Use concern, notice and take.(1)我注意到她从国外回来以后举止有了很大的改进。 (2)第二个问题与孩子们的安全有直接关系,必须立即解决。 (3)你注意到林教授的新衣服没有?穿上这套衣服他看起来很帅吧? (4)我想我会接受你的劝告,尽快去看医生。 (5)越来越多的中国人关心环保问题。 (6)她受伤的那条腿疼的厉害, 她只好吃了一片止疼药。 (7)我看见他匆匆地离开了晚会。 (8)为了能在早上8点之前到达办公室,他只好乘出租车。 (9)你有没有注意小王是什么时候离开的? (10)奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。 (11)带上伞,天看起来要下与。 (12)修理这台电视机花了他两个小时的时间。 Leon 7 The model millionaire I 1.He was as popular with men as he was with women, and he had every quality except that of making money.他在男士和女士中间人缘都很好。除了赚钱的才能之外,他别的才艺样样都有。 2.At last he became nothing, a delightful, uselese young man with a perfect face and no profeion.最后他一事无成,落得没有职业,只有一张完美的脸蛋,成了一个可爱的窝囊废。 3.Indeed, few people are not nowadays.现在几乎没有什么人不是画家。(注意作者的讽刺口吻:画家满天飞,到处都是。) 4.When Hughie came in he found Trevor putting the finishing touches to a wonderful life-size picture of a beggar-man.当休吉走进去时,他看到特里沃在给一幅和真人一样大小的、精彩的乞丐图进行最后的润饰。 5.I tell you that there are moments when art almost reaches the importance of manual work.但说真话,有时艺术与体力活一样重要。 6.He looked so miserable that Hughie pitied him, and felt in his pocket to see what money he had.他看起来十分痛苦,休吉怜悯他,伸手摸摸衣兜里有多少钱。 实现美梦 大发脾气 失去记忆 寻求安慰 来跟香烟 保持安静 怜悯某人 统制世界 证券交易 等身画像 手工劳动 恶意的玩笑 忧伤的表情 褴褛的衣衫 淡淡的笑容 赚钱 股市 股东 (1)模范护士海伦工作既讲效率又有耐心,严格却富有爱心,深受小病人们的喜爱。 (2)部队断了粮,只能靠野果和树皮充饥。 (3)因售后服务好,奇迹牌洗衣机销路很好。 (4)由于那部电影大获成功,它的插曲也很受欢迎。 (5)杨教授搬家时,把许多书给了学生。 (6)乔治喜欢把自己的过失归咎于别人。 (7)仅仅过了半年,他就厌倦了公司职员的工作。 (8)我的教授不许我在圣诞节期间在实验室工作。 (9)我现在不能作出任何承诺,但是我会考虑这件事的。 (10)他破产了,只得求助于朋友的资助。 (1)在我桌上我发现了一个寻呼机。是你的吗? (2)平安到达后请给我来个电话。 (3)我已经替你找到了一套带有家具的公寓。 (4)关于如何改善雇员的工作条件,他们谈了几个小时。 (5)你去超市时能帮我买两个柯达胶卷吗? (6)我发现住在乡下是一种很有趣的经历。 (7)你得想办法找人把漏水的龙头修好。 (8)我到家,发现爷爷在自言自语。 (9)老师告诉他他儿子在考试中作弊,他很生气。 (10)同事们到达之前,他就把一切都准备好了。 (11)医生发现每天喝点酒的人要比那些从不喝酒的人健康。 (12)光说没有用,咱们还是开始干吧!

Leon 8 The model millionaire II (8)当三位世界著名男高音出现在舞台上时,整个音乐厅爆发出掌声。1.do you think he would care for any of them? 你觉得他愿意要几件? 2.you painters are a heartle lot.你们画家真是一帮铁石心肠的人。 3.It's a whim of a millionaire.You know these rich men.这当然是百万富翁一时心血来潮的怪念头,你知道这帮阔佬是会做这种事的 4.It never entered my mind that you went about giving money away in that carele manner.我真的没想到你会这样随便乱给别人钱。 点燃香烟 装上镜框 一堆旧衣 变成碎片 情绪饱满 自言自语 支付利息 捧腹大笑 真诚道歉 满脸通红 发表演说 搓手 私事 (1)愿意和我一起步行上山吗?(2)在地震中,我心爱的瓷瓶从橱柜里掉下来,摔的粉碎。 (3)德国人入侵后,我的老师死也不肯再教德文了。(4)在他们父亲的葬礼上,兄弟两个人为死者的钱财争论不休,当众出丑。(5)这份报告第一论点不明确,第二论据也不充分。(6)在他最后的日子里,吉米虽然很虚弱,却依旧情绪饱满。(7)汤姆无意伤害你,他只是实话实说罢了。(8)当三位世界著名男高音出现在舞台上时,整个音乐厅爆发出掌声。(9)在牛津大学当访问学者时,他有幸会见了不少的大科学家。(10)休吉叫了起来:“我绝对没有想到那老模特是个百万富翁。” Use see, tell and show.(1)我看了看四周,但在黑暗里我什么也看不见。(2)他把这些年来所搜集的珍贵邮票拿给朋友们看。(3)我不明白你是什么意思。你为什么不告诉我真相。(4)她教了我好几次怎样使用这台洗衣机,可我总记不住。(5)他告诉我他第二天不能来开会,他要照顾生病的母亲。(6)这家人刚搬到这个镇子来的时候,那位母亲叫孩子们天黑以后不要外出。(7)他坚持把我送到公共汽车总站。(8)下星期天这部电影还要在电视上重播。(9)老师可以看得出吉姆对他的分数不是很高兴。(10)导游把客人们领去看鲁迅出生的那个房间。(11)许多城里人分不清水稻苗和杂草。(12)他摇了摇头,公开表示了他与经理的观点不同。

Leon 9 Only 3 more days 1.Suddenly,later that morning,the solution became clear.那天上午晚些时候,办法突然明朗了。 2.how could these hard-nosed Nazi detectives help but smell out the diaries beneath my broacasts? 那些精明的纳粹侦探怎么可能嗅不出广播稿下面的日记呢? 3.It would give me prestige in his eyes,or at least make me le suspect,foreigner though I was 尽管我是外国人这也会让他对我刮目相看,至少也能减少他对我的猜疑。 4.The feared Gestapo,I knew,was really not very efficient.我知道那些令人畏惧的盖世太保并非真的很能干。 5.I had only to hold out this one more day,and the whole nightmare for me would be over,though it would go on and on for millions of others.我只要再把这一天忍过去,噩梦就会过去了,可是对于千千万万的人来说,噩梦还要继续下去。 取消航班 得到许可 值得一试 以身冒险 盖上印章 如释重负 送报/牛奶 扣押某物 入境签证 出境签证 交通堵塞 个人物品 冲马桶 (1)一场隧道大伙使进城的交通中断了近一个星期。 (2)我把地图摊在地上,查找去拉萨的路线。 (3)通过仔细研究报纸上的广告,小鲍勃察觉出一个大盗窃阴谋。 (4)一座桥的倒塌引起地方官员的警觉,并促使他们决定视察所有正在兴建的桥梁。 (5)沿路直至山顶,都可以看到美丽的粉红色杜鹃花在盛开。 (6)每个人都在关注那个地区形式,看其如何发展。 (7)工人们对工厂的糟糕管理和低效率难以容忍。 (8)此楼的装修只准在白天进行。 (9)他费力的想弄清楚名首字母N。E指的是什么。 (10)我来到游泳池,没想到却同一个粗鲁的年轻人争吵起来。 Use put, hold and pick.(1)只要付钱,游客们可以在这个公园里自由采摘水果。 (2)那位白人妇女右臂抱着一个婴儿,左手提着一个旅行袋。 (3)如果你设身处地为他想想,你就会理解他的选择了。 (4)她因为太激动了,无法把自己的思绪用谚语表达出 (5)我们要挑选12位高中生参加下一届国际奥林匹克数学竞赛。 (6)要求所有考生都把自己的编号而不是姓名写在答案纸上。 (7)在这个职位我已经干了5年,我说什么也不会辞职的。 (8)昨天咱们买的的那些书你放到哪了? (9)我觉得一条船容纳不下我们这些人,还是租两条吧。 (10)这是你的错,你怎么能把责任推到别人身上。 (11)这次全国图书展销会将在10个城市举行。 Leon 10 The washwoman 1.But this washwoman, small and thin as she was, poeed a strength that came from generations of peasant ancestors.可是这位洗衣妇,尽管个子又瘦又小,却具有从她们世代农民祖先那里继承来的强健体魄。 2.But there was in her a certain pride and love of labor with which many Gentiles have been bleed.可是她有许多非犹太人所具有的那种自尊心,那种对劳动的热爱。 3.The old woman did not want to become a burden, and so bore her burden.老妇人不愿成为别人的累赘,因此自己承担起养活自己的责任。 4.God forbid! What good would such a long life be? 但愿上帝别让我活到那么大的岁数!活那么长有什么用? 5.And now at last her body, which had long been supported only by the force of honesty and duty, had fallen.现在长期以来一直由真诚和责任心支撑着的身躯终于倒下了。扮演角色 积累经验 熨烫衣物 身负重担 卸下重担 作出牺牲 缝补衣物 物归原主 承担任务 坚强的意志 不屈的意志 粗糙的手指 深陷的双眼 寒冷的冬天 (1)我祖母少有的善良和慷慨使所有认识她的人都敬爱她。 (2)在长达一周的夏季反攻中,士兵们用尽了弹药。 (3)恐怕你的要求超越了他的权限。 (4)轮船剧烈地左右晃动,许多乘客都晕船。 (5)老人在丛林里生活多年,与外界极少来往。 (6)她年轻时得过癌症,后来康复了,一直活到高龄。 (7)广场中心的雕像表达了人民对将军的敬重和自豪之情。 (8)我把消息告诉了玛利之后,她看上去好象要晕到。 (9)她不顾父母的强烈反对,决定去上夜校。 (10)为帮助爱利丝准备参加网球比赛,她母亲请来了本地最好的教练。 Use cover, fall and pa.(1)我从梯子上掉了下来,伤了左胳膊。 (2)在大学我们至少需要300元来支付伙食费。(3) 唐山遭受地震以来二十多年已经过去了。(4) 这个课程涉及到二战以来美国历史的各个方面。 (5)雪一直缓缓地下着。 (6)这本书挺难,我一小时只读了10页。 (7)那个期间他三次经过自己的家都没有进去。 (8)这次高考入学考试他没能通过,他决心明年再试一次。 (9)那个小男孩问他的父母为什么树在秋天掉叶子。 (10)你们看完了这份报纸之后,把它传给三班。

Leon 11 How I Reserved My Apprenticeship 1.I am sure that I should never have selected a busine career if I had been permitted to choose.我相信要是我有选择的余地,我不会选择经商的生涯。(此句包含一个虚拟条件句) 2.What I could get to do, not what I desired, was the question.问题是,我能找到什么活干,而不是我想干什么活。 3.I resolved that the wolf of poverty should be driven from our door some day.我当时下定决心总有一天我们要解决温饱问题。(也可直译为:我当时下定决心总有一天要把贫困这匹恶狼从我们门口赶走。) 4.It was given to me because I had been of some use in the world! 这钱给了我是因为我对社会有了点用处 5.It is everyting to feel that you are useful.感到自己是个有用的人那才叫棒。 6.something within always told me that this would not, could not, should not last 我的内心有一种力量时时激励我:这种情况不会,也不可能,更不应该持续下去。 7.Everything must be bright to them.只能让他们知道好的一面。 8.It seems, nowadays, a matter of universal deire that poverty should be abolished.今天人们好像普遍希望消除贫困。 养家糊口 吸取教训 赡养家庭 提供材料 驱动机器 缓解痛苦 记录帐目 消除贫穷 教训某人 家庭会议 职业女性 珍贵财富 (1)眼见敌人的导弹把村庄炸成一片废墟,村民门都气炸了肺。 (2)他注意到了那个中年人给一家电视公司开了一张150英镑的钞票。 (3)他从一生经历中体会到,友谊和爱比金钱重要的多。 (4)去年夏天,他在一所乡间村舍住了一个月,远离城市的喧闹。 (5)为了保护大自然这一共同利益,许多政府联起手来清除化学工业带来的有毒污染。 (6)委员会决定明年的会议在西安举行。 (7)天亮时,他发现自己躺在一个山谷底处。 (8)许多人为“希望工程”捐款,是因为他们深切同情乡村里上不起学的孩子们。 (9)高考来临之际,考生家长们都在尽力减轻孩子的精神负担。 Use serve, bear and work.(1)他已经为这个广告公司工作6年了。 (2)电梯现在不运行,他只好爬上11层楼。 (3)看来他的阿谀奉承这次不能奏效了。 (4)我80岁的爷爷无法忍受北方的严冬。 (5)他父亲在10年前是中国驻英国的大使。 (6)在屋子的角落里有一张矮桌子当电视架使用。 (7)那家名流聚集的餐馆的饭菜很一般。 (8)这部移动电话看起来不时髦,可能满足我的需要。 (9)如果出了问题,你就的承担责任。 (10)我不人心看到老人受到他们亲生子女的虐待。 (11)我们多年的努力现在终于开花结果了。 (12)如果这种药没有效果,那么你只好动手术了。

Leon 12 The friend of the environment 1.He might cut down the forests and dam the steams, but the clouds and rain and the stream of life were God's.人可以砍伐森林,可以在江河上筑坝,但是天上的云彩、天上下的雨以及源远流长的生命都由上帝主宰。 2.The book exploded into the public consciousne.此书一夜之间提高了公众的(环保)意识。砍伐森林 筑坝拦河 发出警告 受到表扬 激起热情 激发想象 大学毕业 政府干预 人造卫星 学术报告 强烈反对 热心读者 严酷事实 上。。。课 连续10天 新华社 畅销书 环保 (1)尽管年纪小,没经验,这位小演员同一起工作的明星却能无拘无束的相处。 (2)没过一会儿,巴德先生就发现他的顾客是警察通缉的那个人。 (3)在完全了解自己严重的病情下,吉姆在生命最后几个月里作出了许多勇敢的选择。 (4)1998年中国的水灾向中国人民发出了严重警告。 (5)怎样培养好独生子女在中国引发许多争论。 (6)詹姆斯是在牛津时接触到莎士比亚的著作的。 (7)当我发现那位著名画家竟然与我家有亲戚关系时,感到十分惊讶。 (8)人在剧烈活动时,肌肉中的蛋白质会分解的更快。 (9)那个少年使琼斯太太回想起她自己在过去的困难日子里的痛苦经历。 (10)这个村子一定遭受了龙卷风的袭击,我们看到到处都是被破坏的房屋和被吹到的树木。 (11)尽管有风险,他们还是坚持把实验做完。 (12)我知道有这么一位艺术家,但没有见过面。 Use break, reach and start.(1)不知道我们的请柬是否已经到达他那里。 (2)任何违反交通规则的司机都将被罚款。 (3)他到的时候,我们正要出发。 (4)她把药放在了儿子够不着的最上面的架子上。 (5)在争吵的过程中她将一面镜子摔到了地上,把它摔碎了。 (6)足球比赛刚刚进入高潮,突然下起雨来。 (7)我们谁也不敢把这坏消息告诉他。 (8)去查问一下庆祝活动几点开始。 (9)天气预报说今天的最高温度将预计达到摄氏38度。 (10)他没发开动割草机,跑去找他父亲帮忙。

Leon 13 Who shall dwell? 准备晚餐 切断电源 切断供水 发射导弹 发动进攻 交换意见 交流经验 面如死灰 首要问题 核武器 核电站 核能 闩门 (1)请今晚注意收听重要新闻。 (2)当琼斯太太抓住那个男孩时,他不敢正视她。 (3)科布教授讲课的特征是讲的飞快。 (4)你不能按审计的要求记帐,就不能算一个好会计。 (5)在边远地区,还有大批学龄儿童不能上学。 (6)警察向司机明确指出,他必须确切地描述事故发生的过程。 (7)已经告戒本地农民,今年有可能发生水灾。 (8)法庭认为没有必要传讯更多的证人,打算在近期结案。 (9)她既耐心又坚定地作出努力,要拆除挡在她儿子和其他孩子之间的那堵墙。 (10)怀特一家人担心要是他们不付房租,房东就会把他们轰出来。 Use leave, send and turn.(1)当我给他打电话时,他已经离开办公室了。 (2)空袭警报使人们纷纷往自己的家跑区。 (3)为了帮父母养家他15岁的时候就辍学了。 (4)现在许多人不再邮寄圣诞卡,而是通过电子邮件向朋友们表示问候。 (5)在我的挎包里找不到钥匙,一定是忘在办公室里了。 (6)她转过身来,看见儿子眼里充满了泪水。 (7)今年春节你打算给你的笔友寄点什么? (8)你最好让窗户开一会儿,让新鲜空气进来。 (9)他们决定把防空洞改造成储藏室。 (10)奥塞罗的头发一夜之间全变白了。

Leon 14 Cipher in the snow 1.I blurted out the news somehow.我没有拐弯抹角而是直截了当地把事情说了出来。 2.How do you go about making a boy into a zero? 怎么能把一个孩子弄成这样一事无成? 3.Even shy, timid, sweet children have resilience.It takes time to break them.即使是胆小、害羞、温顺的孩子也是有韧性的,他们不是一天就能够击垮的。(注意作者的讽刺、愤怒的口气:那些老师也是下了不少的工夫,花了不少时间才把一个智商本来不低的孩子弄成这个样子的。) 改变主意 参加葬礼 喃喃自语 自言自语 认养孩子 发起进攻 刺骨寒风 倒毙在地 砰然关门 干瘦的身躯 褪色的牛仔裤 智商与情商 (1)音乐突然停止,播音员几乎是叫了起来:“警报!注意隐蔽!” (2)火车突然刹车,杯子和盘子都滚落到地上。 (3)身为主任,他的任务是组织实验室的工作,他很少亲自做实验。 (4)许多年以后,他仍能回想起飞机失事时的惨景。 (5)我当小学徒时,压力大,工作很辛苦,但我从来不把这些告诉父母。 (6)搬进新办公楼哪天,我们搞了一次庆祝活动。 (7)晚饭后克里夫把书本摊在面前开始复习功课。 (8)就我所知,彼得的父亲在医嘱中给彼得留下了至少25万英镑。 (9)鲍勃发现几则广告很奇怪,他就在报纸档案堆进行调查。 (10)医生指出,此种药物对婴儿有害。 Use drive, forget and drop.(1)我忘了带我的字典了。我能用一下你的吗? (2)电话突然响了,他吓了一跳,书也掉到地上。 (3)不要老是想你和班上其他同学的肤色不一样,就记住你和他们一样的聪明。 (4)对金钱和权利的欲望使相当一些人走上犯罪的道路。 (5)一再的失败使他几乎丧失了理智。 (6)我永远不会忘记我们在大学度过的那些愉快的日子。 (7)这个国家的人口出生率已经降至0。3%。 (8)如果他不开车送我去车站的话,我昨晚就赶不上火车。 (9)很抱歉,我忘了这些学生是穆斯林。 (10)他们听到有人走过来,就压低了嗓子。

其实我个人感觉,把课文意思弄通了,再加上基本语法练习,过关是没有问题的了。 下册: leon 1

Courtesy:Key to a happier world 难句释义:

1.Courtesy,politene,good-manners——call it what you will,the supply never seems to equal the demand: 礼貌也好,客气,或文明举止也好,无论你称它什么,其供应似乎总是小于需求。(意思是人们维护和谐的关系所需要的礼貌从来都低于他们实际表现出的水平。) 2.What impelled the boy to take so much trouble to spare the feelings of a stranger?Courtesy,compaionate courtesy.是什么促使这个年轻人不厌其烦地这么做?是礼貌,基于同情心的礼貌。(为了不让一个陌生人感到自己无用而难堪。) 3.Even when you have doubts about some people,act as if they are worthy of your best manners.即使对有些人你不太有把握(他们是否值得你礼遇),也要以礼相待,就像他们值得你这样对待他们一样。 4.All skills require constant repetition to become second nature;good manners are no exception.一切技能都需要经常重复而后才能成为第二天性,礼貌也是如此。 5.Nowhere is thinking courtesy more important than in marriage.理性的礼貌在婚姻中比在其他任何方面都更加重要。(此句是倒装句,表强调。正常语序:Thinking courtesy is more important in marriage than anywhere else.) 6.But some of the most precious gifts in life come with no strings attached.可是生活中的有些最宝贵的赠品却是不带有任何附加条件的。(意思是别人对你的善举、好意、礼貌也是生活给你的赠品——无须回报就能得到的东西,不要认为人家是别有用心的。) 7.The only constant,daily,effective solution is politene——which is the golded rule in action.唯一能经常、每天使用的有效的解决方法就是以礼待人这个行为准则。 Leon 2 & 3 The man who could work miracles(I & II) 1.It’s something contrary to the course of nature done by power of will.奇迹是通过意志的力量产生违反自然规律的事物。 2.The fears of his first discovery were now mixed with pride and ideas of advantage.刚发现自己超凡能力时的恐惧心情这时已经掺入了自豪感和优越感。 3.As the day paed,his state of mind paed from wonder to dilight.就在这一天之内,他的思想状况由惊讶变成了喜悦。 4.Mr.Fotheringay performed no more miracles that night,nor did he trouble to see what had become of his flowering stick.那天夜里,佛泽林盖先生没有再制造奇迹,也没有费神去看看他那根开花的拐仗到底怎么样了。 5.Except for the lo of his miraculous powers,everything was back as it had been.And among other things,of course,he did not believe in miracles.除了失去他那不可思议的能力之外,一切都回到了以往的状况,其中当然也包括他不相信有奇迹这一情况。

Leon 4 Zero hour:43 seconds over Hiroshima紧急时刻:广岛上空的43秒钟 1.But she felt well enough to be up and about.不过,她感觉起床活动是没有问题的。 2.she had sunk into unconsciousne.她失去了知觉。 3.The very air seemed hostile,so thick with dust and ash that she could barely see.连空气也好像是在作对,充满了尘土和灰烟,使她什么也看不见。 4.That life had been a comfortable one,wanting in nothing——not,at least,until the war.那本来是很舒适的生活,什么也不缺,至少直到战争爆发之前是如此。 5.But he could not shut the war out of the sheltered world he had built for himself and his family.但是这场战争也必然波及到他极力保护的家庭。(直译:他不可能把这场战争排斥在他为自己和家人营造的小天地之外。) 6.The street were filled with the dead and the barely living.街上到处是死人和只剩下一口气的人。 7.The illne had not really left her;it had gone into hiding.病魔并没有真正离开她,只不过是隐藏起来了。

Leon 5 First principles 首要原则 1.What we ought to do is give to people we love——give memorable things according to our ability.我们应该做的是为我们所爱的人奉献,也就是说根据我们的能力送给他们有纪念意义的东西。 2.It was Laura’s ovvious pleasure that had brightened everything.正是因为劳拉喜形于色,给全家增添了节日气氛。 3.They made her think of the ballerina dre,and of all the pure,proud,filmy beauty of the world that belonged,by right,to Laura.那朵朵鲜花使她想到那件芭蕾舞衣,使她想到世上一切纯真的、值得自豪的、朦胧的美,都理所当然地属于劳拉。(意思是说:劳拉这样好的女孩子应该享受世上一切美好的东西。)

Leon 6 The beauty of Britain 1.The beauty of our country——or at least all of its south of North Scotland——is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy.我们国家的美,至少北苏格兰以南所有的地方之美欣赏容易,描绘难。(直择:欣赏起来容易,说明白难。) 个人觉得,这课出题的可能性不是很大。但我学会了一个翻译:《综合英语》: A Comprehensive English Course Leon 7 Some meanings of Authentic Love 1.If I love you,I’m responsive to most of your major needs as a person.如果我爱你,我就回对你作为人的大多数的主要需求有反映。 2.This commitment does not entail surrendering our total selves to each other;nor does it imply that the relationship is necearily permanent.这种承诺并不需要我们相互放弃自身的特性,也不表示我们的这种关系一定是永久的关系。 3.In other words,love comes into an imperfect world to make it livable.换句话说,爱来到这个不完美的世界,使它可以适合人们居住。(即:因为有了爱,人们才能在这个问题很多的世界上生活下去。) 4.Love means having a want for the person I love without having a need for that person in order to be complete.爱意味着对于我所爱的人,我需要有他,而不是缺了他就不行。

Leon 8 How I designed an A-Bomb in my junior year at Princeton 1.I develop a terrible case of bloodshot eyes.Sleep comes rarely.我的双眼布满了血丝,我很少感到困。 2.Seven days before the design is due,I’m still deadlocked.离规定交设计的日子还有七天的时候,最后两个问题还是毫无进展。 3.But I can’t be sure until I know the exact nature of the explosives I will use.可是,我要是不了解我要使用的炸药的性能,我是不敢肯定我设计的原子弹是不是真的有那么大的威力。 4.”The question has been raised by the department whether your paper should be claified by the U.S.government.” “系里有人已经提出你的论文是否应该由美国政府列为保密项目的问题。” 5.Here I have put on paper the plan for a device capable of killing thousands of people,and all I was worrying about was flunking out.我把一个能够杀死成千人的装置设计出来了,而我一直担心的是再考不及格让我退学。

Leon 9 Forty years on 1.The comparisons were,without exception,to my disadvantage.比较的结果总是我不如他。 2.To me it seemed sinister that Mother always paed on any small achievement of mine.妈妈总是把我每一点小小的成绩传递过去,我觉得这样做好像是不吉利。 3.What a boomerang that proved!By return of post came the news that John had won a scholarship.真是适得其反!她收到的回信带来了约翰获得奖学金的消息。 4.I did have,however,one horribly narrow escape.不过,有一次我是幸免于难。(narrow escape夸张的手法,取得幽默的效果。) 5.In addition to my physical woes I had mental agonies;I prayed that something might occur to prevent this meeting.肉体的痛苦不说,我还受精神压力的折磨;我祈求发生什么意外的事情把这次会面化为泡影。 6.So they played the game both ways,did they? 这么说他们两关玩的是同样的把戏,是不是?

Leon 10 On friendship 1.For a Frenchman,a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more special and carries a heavier burden of commitment.对于法国人、德国人或是英国人来说,友谊一般包含更为特殊的内容,承担更多的义务。 2.Related to this is the sense each friend gives the other of being a special individual,on whatever grounds this recognition is based.与此相关的是,朋友之间彼此使对方感到与众不同,无论这种感觉的依据是什么.3.And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give and take.此外,朋友之间必然要有来有往,互让互谅.

Leon 11 Selling the post(I) 1.The flaw in my character which she had already spotted was lack of "gumption".在我的性格中,她已经发现的弱点是缺少"进取心".2.We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln.Many a grandfather who walked among us could remember Lincoln's time.我们离林肯也只有65年的时间,生活在我们中间的许多爷爷辈的人还记得林肯时代.many a: a large number of(正式)很多 3.Those young men would not go far in this world.那些年轻人在这个世界里没有多在的前程.4.He presented it with reverence fit for a religious object.他毕恭毕敬地把那帆布包递给我,似乎那包是件圣物. Leon 12 Selling the post (II) 1.Put me down as a regular customer.把我算成一个长期买主吧.2.I bowed to superior will and entered journalism with a heavy heart.我只好屈服于我母亲至高无上的意志,心事重重地进入了新闻行业.3.So far as I could make out,what writers did couldn't even be claified as work.按我当时的理解,作家干的事甚至不能算作是工作.4.I did not dare tell anybody for fear of being laughed at in the schoolyard,but secretly I decided that what i'd like to be when i grew up was a writer.这事我不敢跟任何人说,怕在校园里让人笑话,不过我私下认定长大之后要当作家.Leon 13 How to grow old 1.I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health,though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.尽管我喜欢做的事情大多数是有益于健康的,但我从不因某事有益于健康而特意去做那件事。 2.Psychologically there are 2 dangers to be guarded against in old age.One of these is too great an absorption in the past.The other thing to be avoided is clinging to young in the hope of finding strength in its vitality.从心理角度来说,老年时期要提防两种危险。一是沉溺于过去。另一件要避免的事,就是依恋子女,希望从他们身上的活力中获取生命的力量。 3.Three paions,simple but overwhelmingly strong,have governed my life;the longing for love,the search for knowledge,and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.三个牵挂,简单但又极为深重,支配了我的一生:对爱的渴望,对知识的追求,对人类苦难的无限的同情。 4.This has been my life.I have found it worth living,and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.我就是这样生活的。我认为这样活着值得,如果上天赐我良机,我愿意这样再活一次。

Leon 14 The listener 1.And he sat there,gentle and reflective,his great workman hands resting on outspread thighs.于是他坐在那里,和蔼、深沉,一双劳动者的大手搭在伸开的大腿上。 2.For some time he continued to sit in silence.Then he looked up,lifted those hands calmly,judiciously,and nodded his head.他静静地又坐了一会儿,然后抬起头来,安详地、有见地地举起了双手,点了点头。

Leon 15 Edison: Inventor of invention 1.In my youth the lonely inventor who could not obtain a hearing was still the stock figure of the imagination.我年轻的时候,人们对发明家的印象仍然是那种不为人理睬、孤立无援这种固定模式的人物。 2.In strict truth an invention is almost never the sole product of any one mind.严格地说,一项发明创造几乎不可能只是任何一个个人的思想结晶。 3.It may be that in time we shall become used to change as in our older wisdom we had become used to the unchanging.也许,随着时间的推移,我们会慢慢习惯于变革,就像在此以前,我们的思想状态使我们习惯于停滞不变一样。

those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most diffcult adjustments in both busine and daily life.来自时间观大相径庭的国家的人,可能会发现无论在公务方面还是日常生活中,(在美国)节奏是最难以适应的方面之一。

those coming是主语 from lands...differently作定语修饰those coming may find助动词+V,作谓语

BOOK Ⅰ L1 P14 Why does the author tell s not to be afraid to ask stupid questions? The author thinks that many apparently naive inquiries like why gra is green, or why the sn is round, or why we need 55,000 unclear weapons in the world --are really deep questions.He says when you try to get the answers, you will gain deep understanding of the things.Its also important to know, as well as you can, what it is that you dont know, and asking questions is the way.He also tell us to ask stupid questions requires courage on the part of the asker and knowledge and patience on the part of the answers.And dont confine your learning to schoolwork.Discu ideas in depth with friends.Its much brave to ask questions even when theres a prospect of ridicule than to suppre your questions and become deadened to the world around you.

L2 Icons P30 What are the factors to shift the hero-worship to the celebrity-worship? The new forms of media--photography, moving pictures, radio and television are the main factors.The reproduction of photos in newspapers turned famous people into celebrities whose dre, appearance, and personal habits were widely commented upon.Slowly, the focus of public attention began to shift away from knowing what such people did to knowing what looked like.The shift was accelerated by the arrival of moving pictures.Between 1901 and 1914, 74 percent of the magazine articles about famous people were about political leaders,inventors, inventors, profeionals, and businemen.After 1922, however, most articles were about movie stars.With the arrival of television, the faces of the stars became as familiar as those we saw acro the breakfast table.We came to know more about the lives of the celebrities than we did about most of the people we know personally.Le than seventy years after the appearance of the first movimg pictures, the shift from hero-worship to celebrity-worship was complete.

L3 GO-GO AMERICAN P46 What is the Americans attitude towards time?Give neceary examples.In the United States, many people keenly feel the shortne of each lifetime.They are aware that once a day in their life is gone, it will never come back.And Americans believe no one stands still .If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind.So they value time and want every minte to count.This attitde towards time is shown in the fast pace of life in the country.Whatever they do they always seem to be in a rush.You find people hurrying to get where they are going.They hurry to eating places for a mea and finish it as quickly as poible.Also Americans do what they can to save time.They produce a lot of labour-saving devices such as clothes-and dish-washers; they rapidly communicate through phone calls, telex and e-mail and cut down on personal contacts.

L4 Take Over,Bosn! P62 Can you imagine what did Barret think of when he heard Snyders whisper Take over,bosn? Becase of thirst,Barret was almost out of mind.He rose several times and was a constant threat.But when he heard Snyder said“Take over, bosn, he had a strange feeling suddenly.He came to realize he would and must take over the task and be responsible for the rest.As long as he stopped others from the little water, they would always have hopes and wouldnt die soon.So he picked Snyders gun up and decided to hold off the other from the water until night when a ship saved them.

L5 Are You Giving Your Kids Too Much? P78 Why parents overindulge their children? There are several reasons to explain why parents overindulge their children.One fairly common reason is that parents overindulge their chidren out of a sense of guilt.Parents who both hold down full-time jops may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children and may attempt to compensate by showering them with material poeions.Other parents overindulge because they want their children to have everything they had while growing up, along with those things the parents yearned for but didnt get.Still others are afraid to say no to their childrens denle requests for toys for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed if thy dont have the same playthings their friends have.

L6 Culture Shock P94 What are four stages that people go through when they experience situations that are very different from those to which they are accustomed? Stage one is a honeymoon phase, during which the new experience is perceived to be interesting, picturesque, entertaining, and charming.You may notice several superficial differences such as music, food, and clothing, and the fresh apeal of the new experience keeps you feeling interested and positive.When you stay in a new envirnment for a while, you move to stage two-the crisis stage-in which the shine wears off and day-to-day realities sink in.In relationship, you notie annoying habits;in a new country, you find barriers to establishing connections or to learning the language beyond a few polite phrases.If you stick with the experience and try to deal with it realistically, you will probably move to the third phase:recovery.In recovery, you learn the systems, procedures, language or nonverbal behaviors of the new environment so that you can cope with it on the basis of some mastery, competence, and comfort.Finally,when you feel that you function well and almost automatically in the new culture, you will move to the fourth phase:adjustment.

L7 The Model Millionaire(I) P108 Suppose you are the millionaire.Explain how you get to know Hughie Erskine and what you do in return for the pound he gave you when you first met.I am Baron Hausberg.I have enough money to buy the whole of London.One day, on a whim I asked my artist friend Alan Trevor to pain me as a beggar.Alan had almost finished the picture when a very charming young man walked into his studio.I suppose he must have been very sympathetic with me, for when Alan was away a minute, the young man quickly put a pound into my hat.I was startled for a moment, but I was pleased when I realized that he took me for a real begger.Later I learned from Alan all about this young man:he was poor, and could not marry the girl he loved because her father wouldnt let them unle he had 10,000 pounds.Touched by the young mans spirit of kindne, I decided to help him.The next day I had a cheque for 10,000 pounds delivered to him as a wedding gift.

L8 The Model Millionaire(II) P123 Retell the story The Model Millionaire in about 150 words, concluding your retelling with a one-sentence comment.Hughie Erskine was a charming young man who was in love with a nice girl called Laura Merton.Lauras father made it clear to Hughie that he would not marry his daughter to him until Hughie had ten thousand pounds.One day,Hughie went to see his artist friend Alan Trevor in his studio.There he found his friend painting a beggar, who was an old man in rags.Hughie felt so sorry for the poor model that he gave him the only pound he had.The old model was actually a millionaire.When he heard all about Hughie and Laura, and their problem, he had a cheque for ten thousand pounds delivered to him the very next day.The couple were happily married,and the beggar attended their wedding.The story shows that a genuine millionaire is not one who has, but who give.

L9 Only Three More Days P139 The author got a solution finally.What was the solution? Was it risky? He laid out the diaries in two big steel suitcases.Over them he palced a number of his broadcast scripts, each page of which had been stamped by the military and civilian censors as paed for broadcast.On top he put a few General Staff maps he had picked up from friends.Then he phoned the Gestapo Headquarters to say he had a couple of suicases full of his dispatches, broadcasts and notes that he wanted to take out of the country.As he was flying off early the next day, there would be no time for Gestapo official at the airfield to go over the contents.Could they take a look now,if he brought them over;and if they approved, put a Gestapo seal on the suitcases so he wouldnt be held up at the airport? Yes,it was risky.He thought life in the Third Reich had always been risky.It was worth a try.

L10 The Washwoman P155 Describe the situation that“I”saw the old washwoman for last time.One evening, while Mother was sitting near the oil lamp mending a shirt, the door opened and a small puff of steam, followed by a gigantic bag, entered the room.I ran toward the old woman and helped her unload her bag.She was even thinner now, more bent.Her head shook from side to side as though she were saying no.She could not utter a clear word, but mumbled something with her sunken mouth and pale lips.After the old woman had recovered somewhat, she told us that she had been ill badly.But as soon as she was able to stand on her feet once more, she began her washing.She said “I could not rest easy in my bed because of the wash.The wash would not let me die.……I dont want to be a burden on anyone!”

L11 How I Served My Apprenticeship 170 Why was Andrew Carnegie so pround of the one dollor and twenty cents--the first pay he brought home? Carnegie was very pround of the one dollar and twenty cents he earned for the first time in his life when he was only twelve.The money, though small in amount, meant a great deal.First, when he got his first pay he felt that he had grown up.He was no longer a boy who had to depend on his parents; he had become a man who was able to help support the family, a contributing member.This was important because at that time life was hard for the family and it was difficult for his parents to manage alone.Also he though the money was the direct reward of honest manual labor.It represented a week of very hard work.This money gave him the greatest satisfaction of being rewarded for what he had done.

L12 A Friend of the Environment P185 Why did Rachel Carson write the Silent Spring? Whats the content of it? Because she felt that the wonders of Nature are precious and permanent, and much of Nature was forever beyond the destruction of man.But then she discovered she was wrong.She learned with sadne that little in Nature is truly beyond the tampering reach of man.Then, She wrote the book Silent Spring to sound a startling warming to mankind and the book showed quite clearly that man was endangering himself and everything else on this planet by his indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides.As her title suggests, Mi Carson was saying that there might come a springtime that would indeed be silent because the birds, as well as other creatures, and plants would have been destroyed by the man-made poisons used to kill crop-threateding insects.

L13 Who Shall Dwell? P201 In the story Who shall Dwell?, how did the fatners attitude towards the neighbours change? What brought about the change? When the bomb alert came, the father was clear that he had built the shelter for his own family, and that he would not let anybody else in.So when his neighbours came and asked to share the shelter he rejected them flatly.When a monther begged him to take her little girl in , he did not know what to do.At that monent his wife dashed outside and pushed the girl in.her act set him thinking hard.Just a moment before the first bomb struck he made a big decision.After giving his elder son a few instructions, he stepped out and shoved two children into the shelter.He stood beside his wife, ready to spend the last minute with her.His change seemed sudden, but was actually quite natural.He loved his children, so he was greatly affected by the monthers plea and gave the chance of surival to the two children.Also his love for his wife led him to follow her example.

L14 Cipher in the Snow P218 Describe Cliff Evans life before his sudden death.Cliff Evans lived with his mother, stepfather and five younger half brothers and sisters.His stepfather had never legally adopted him, nor did he show any affection for him.At home Cliff didnt talk much and had never told his family about his problems.When he began school, he was timid but eager to learn.And his IQ was pretty good.Then in the third grade a teacher wrote in the school record that he was uncooperative and slow.Since then he had never got any encouragement from his teachers.Gradually, the child had no more confidence left.He never smiled nor talked much.He had no friends; he had never belonged to a club, never played on a team and never held an office.He came to school by himself and left by himself.In cla, he would sit back in the last seat.Finally he became silent and lonely.He became nothing.

L15 Bribery--An Inevitable Evil? P232 What are the major forms of bribery? Bribery can be claified into three broad categories.The first category consisits of large amounts of money paid for political purposes or to secre major contracts.For example, a certain American company offered big sums of money to support a U.S.presidential candidate when it was nder investigation.Also in order to get big contracts, such payments are often made to ruling families or their close advisers.The second category covers payments made to obtain quicker official approval of some project.In such cases, the money is often paid to key goverment officials concerned.The third category involves payments made in certain countries to make a busine deal easy to get approved.For instance, a foreign company may pay to get permiion to import equipment.A common type of this category is the facilitating payment to clear cargoes.These are smaller sums of money paid to customs officials.

L16 A Social Event P250 What do you know about Randy and Carle in A Social Even? Why are they anxious to get invited to Scottys funeral? Randy and Carole are a young Hollywood couple.They have been married only a short time.Both have achieved a certain degree of succe in pictures, but their careers in the show busine are still in the promising stage.Scotty Woodrow, a world-famous movie star has just died, and Randy and Carole are anxious to go to his funeral, which will be a gathering of celebrities and is regarded as a big social event.It is said that flowers have come from the U.S.President and the British Queen.Randy and Carole think it is extremely important for their career to be seen there with a lot of big shots.But they havet got an invitation while some of their Hollywood friends, also young actors and actrees like themselves, have been invited.Thats why they are worried and are trying hard to find ways of getting themselves invited in the last minute book II L1 Illustrate with manners Dr.Peale mentions in his article Courtesy.Dr.Peale lists three things as the basic ingredients of good manners: a stong sense of justice,the abilit to share another persons inner feelings and the capacity to treat all people alike.Once a mam was driving along a long, narrow and dusty road ahead of another car.Suddenly he stopped off the road and told the driver of the car behind to get ahead of him.He did not want the other person to put up with his dust all the way.This is a man with a strong sense of justice.A courteous person can also understand the pain or unhapine of others.He/She offers help without hurting the feelings of the other person because he/she shares their emotions as if they were his/her own.Finally, a person with good manners treats all people alike,whether they are lain citizens or big shots .He /She never asks whether the other person deserves their good manners.

L2 How did Mr.Fotheringay discover his unusual powers and how did he take advantage of them? It was while he was trying to prove the impoibility of miracles that Mr.Fotheringay discovered his extraordinary powers.He was having a drink in a bar.A person called Toddy opposed everything he said.This made him very angry.He wanted to show oddy that the lamp there couldnt burn upside down without breaking no matter how he wished it to do so.But as soon as he said,Turn upside down without breaking,the lamp did as Fotheringay had just said.Back at home he experimented with his magical powers and came to see that he could with things.The next day he began to take advantage of this unusual power.By his will he first got a fresh goose-egg for breakfast.In the same way he got the whole days work done in 10 minutes.He also created a number of useful things and increased his personal property.

L3 P47 How did Mr.Fotheringays attitude towards miracles changes? Mr.Fotheringay didnt believe in miracles until he was thirty years old.It was while he was aerting the impoibility of miracles that he discovered his extraordery powers.One day,when he was having a drink in a bar,Toddy Beamish opposed everything he said,so he decided to make an unusual effort.He tried to illustrate what was a miracle by giving a special example,that is ,to make a lamp upside down and go on burning steadily without falling.To his great surprise,what he said came true.Everyone was astonished as it.They all didnt believe it.After going back home,he tried his will power.He scceeded in getting a match and lighting the candle with his will power.He wondered at his will power.Then he tried to get himself a nightsirt,lay and cook a goose-egg,do one days work in ten minutes,make walking stick bloom,and sent the policeman to Hades,then to San Francisco by using his will power.In the end he felt delighted even though he understood that the gift reqired cation and watchfulne.

L4 P61 What did Kaz see on that day? When she saw a B-29 bomber approaching,it didnt frighten her,because she thought Hiroshima was the only peaceful city dring the war.Bt,then,Kaz saw the bomb falling awa from the plane and drifting down towards her.The jorney took 43 seconds.A loud explosion reverberated in the air.A mshroon could rose over the remains of the city.Kaz was thrown to the ground s violently that her two front teech broke of.She lost conscousne.When she came to herself,she found ther was a dead silence around,broken only by the cries of the dying.Their house crashed dowm.Her father had the front of his body brnt.When her brother came back ,she could barely recognize him through his wounds.As night fell,she and her brother made for the mountains to look for a friend of Kazs who offered to take them in.There Kaz looked backand saw the city on fire.She left her brother behind and ran down the hillside towards the flames for her parents.The streets were filled with the dead and the barely living.

L5 P77 How did the Wades celebrate the Christmas? Several days before Chritmas,theyd gone down to their own little farm.They had cut a tree in their own woods.They had eaten and slept,and read by the light of oil lamps.The children had been more than satisfied with their presents;there had been balls,erector sets, a number of story books,and a lot of jnk from the five-and-ten for the boys,and for Laura,a picture Emily had found cheap in a second-art shop and samll brooch that had belong to Henrys mother.it was Lauras obvios pleasure that had brightened everything.Whether she was chopping wood,or roming with her brothers,or basting the turkey,or talking politics very sensibly with her father,shed seemed to radiate hapine.On New Years Eve,they had given her a weak highball,the first shed ever had,and she had gone to sleep sitting on the floor with her rosy cheek against Henrys knee.The family all had a very wonderful time!

L6 P94 What is the characteristic of Britains landscape that goes with variety? With variety goes surprise.Ours is the country of happy surprises.You have never to travel long without being pleasantly astonished.It would not be difficult to compile a list of such surprises that would fill the next fifty pages,but I will content myself with suggesting the first few that occur to me.If you go down into the West Contry,among rounded hills and soft pastures,you suddenly arrive at the bleak tablelands as if the North had left a piece of itself down there.But before you have reached them you have already been surprised by the queer bit of marshland,as if a former inhabitant had been sent to Cambridge and had brought his favourite marshland walk back from college with him into the West.

L7 P110 In the authors opinion,what does love mean? Love means that I know the person I love.Love means that I care about the welfare of the person I love.Love means having respect for the dignity of the person I love.Love means having a responsibility toward the person I love.Love means growth for both myself and the person I love.Love can tolerate imperfection.Love is freeing.Love is expansive.Love means having want for the person I love without having a need for that person in order to be complete .love means identifying within the person we love.

L8 P126 How did philips design an atomic bomb in his junior year at Princeton? Philips read over the book on nuclear-reactor technology,general nclear physics,and current atomic theory.Besides,he listened to Dysons explanations of the basic principles of nuclear physics.That wasnt enough.In order to find more useful information,Phillips went to Washington.D.C.,to search for records of the Los Alamos Project that were declaified between 1954 and 1964.He discovered a copy of the literature which carefully outlined all the details of atomic fiioning known to the worlds most advanced scientists in the early 1940s.The biggest problem involved in the explosion of an atomic bomb was how to arrange the explosives around the plutonium.Another problem he was faced with was which explosive he should use to create a very high density.After finding errors,Philips ran through a series of new calculations,carefully figuring the arrangement of the explosives around the plutnium.If his equations were correct,his atomic bomb would expode effectively as expected.But he should know the exact nature of the explosives he would use.Fortunately,he got the very information about these explosives from Du pont Company.Now,so to speak,he already succeeded in designing an atomic bomb on paper.

L9 P143 What do you think are the advantages and goading? I think goading is a good way to prod the children to behave well.In a way ,goading is positive.As human beings,we all have the sense of self--respect and will be proud of our little achievement.If there are occasious prods in the rear,we will in time be conscious of our inefficiency ,and then pre ourselves to achieve higher aims.Just as it affected John and his cousin,goading from time to time can prevent children from being proun of their little achievement.It can make them more modest and prudent.The modest receive benifit,while the conceited reap failure.However,we could not say it is without any harm.Sometimes it might be harmful.it may disappoint children and cause them to lose heart.Perhaps they will collapse after one setback.Therefore,only goading itself is not enough;it must be combined with the proper method to carry it out.

L10 P158 What is your idea about a true friend? In my view,a true friend should be honest,loyal and willing to help.Honesty in friendship means that we should be sincere anf frank.We should not hsitate to point out our friends shortcomings and should never try to cover uo their errors.What we should do is to encourage and help them to improve.Loyalty is impaortant if we want the relationship to last.We have confidence in one another in fine wether and in rainy days.We dont desert our friends when they run into trouble.Not do we cling to them in their scce.We share with our friends both joy and sorrow.True friends are the people we can turn to in all circumstances,as the saying goes,“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”They are always ready to lend a helping hand to pull us out of tight corner.I believe in true friendship though truefriends are not easy to find.

L11 P174 Was there difference between Baker and Doris?What were their mothers expections of them? Doris was quite different from Baker in character.Take the example of gumption,Baker lacked it but Doris had enough of it for a dozen people.What Baker liked to do most was lying in front of the radio rereading his favourite Big Little Book,Dick Tracy Meets Stooge Viller.In contrast,Doris liked activity.When she was olny seven,she could carry a piece of short-weighted cheese back to the A&P,threaten the manager with legal action and come back triumphantly with the full quarter pound theyd paid for and a new extra thrown in for forgivene.Mrs.Baker expected her son to make something of himself.She did not expect Doris to do the same only because Doris was a girl.The best a capable girl could hope for was to become a nurse or school teacher.

L12 P191 Describe the Bakers family background and their life then .Then Great Depreion,the worst time before the World War Two,broke out, which lasted from 1929-1933.The year 1932 was the bleakest time in the Great Depreion .The Great Depreion began in America and spread all over the Eropean countries quickly.Also ,it was the Great Deprein that led to the Second World War.Millions of people were out of work.Many factories and landlords went bankrupt.The year 1932 was the climax of the Depreion.The athors father had died two years before,leaving them with a few pieces of Sears, Roebuck furniture and not much else.His family was poor so that his mother had to take his sister, Doris, and him to live with one of her younger brothers, uncle Allen,who had made something of himself by 1932 as a salesman for a soft-drink bottle and had an income of $30 a week.

L13 What are the two dangers to be guarded against in old age? One of these is too great an absorption in the past.One should not live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadne about friends who are dead.Ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.This is not always easy; ones own past is a gradually increasing weight .It is easy to think to oneself that ones emotions used to be more vivid that they are, and ones imnd more keen.If this is true, it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of finding strength in its vitality.When your children are grown uos they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unle they are unusually insensible.

L14 P223 What kind of person was the lighthouse keeper? I think the lighthouse keeper was a person that deserves our respect and admiration.Life in the lighthouse seemed very simple and dull, but he had no desire for anything that he did not need or anything that was beyond his power to obtain.For this reason he declined the tobacco Rudolf offered.Though his world was limited, his mind was as spacious as the ocean he lived closed to.He was kind and generous to Rudolf, a stranger who had come to the lighthouse to seek shelter from the storm.He did not know what a violin was and had never heard msic before, but he could understand Beethovens work Rudolf played for him.He was a man of few words, and did not show much warmth towards Rudolf, but deep down he was greatly attached to his guest.To him the violin was part of the man he wanted to know more about, not something he was interested in because he had never seen it before.

L15 P238 Why the author mentions that it is impoible to measure the importance of Edison by adding up the specific inventions with which his name is aociated? Because he thinks that although many inventions of Edison have been in their effect upon modern civilization, the total effect of Edisons career surpaes the sum of all of them.He did not merely make the lamp and the phonograph and innmerable other devices practicable for general use; it was given to him to demonstrate the power of applied science so concretely, so understandably, so convincingly that he altered the mentality of mankind.In his lifetime,largely because of his succees, there came into widest acceptance the revolutionary conception that man could by the use of his intelligence invent a new mode of living on this planet;the human spirit, which in all previous ages had regarded the confidently,and perhaps somewhat naively, adopted the conviction that anything could be changed and everything could be controlled.

L16Why so many parents indulge their children with too many material things? In recent years,our life standard is become better and better.Someone usually said that the children now were more lucky than the children in the past because now their requirements can be well satisfied, especially for material things.Some parents think that they should give their children everything they want because they love htem.And also because some parents have ahd difficult was young, they are glad to fulfil

语法 Grammar & Usage Subject-Verb Agreement (I) 1.主谓一致的三条原则 1)语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致。 Human beings enjoy learning.Everybody’s understanding is incomplete.2)意义一致,即根据意义来处理一致关系。 The people there are fighting for the independence of their country.The dollars was a lot of money at that time.3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 There is a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil box.Neither the boy nor his teachers know the answer.2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致 1)当主语为furniture, equipment, machinery等词时,谓语动词通常用单数。 The furniture in that shop is all made in China.Office equipment is very expensive nowadays.A lot of new machinery has been installed.2)集体名词如people, cattle, police, poultry,等往往作复数用。 Some people drive madly in this country.Many cattle have died because of the fold.The police have been sent there but they have not made any arrests yet.Poultry are plentiful in that mountain region.3)family, government, cla, committee, audience , team, public 等词被视做一个整体时,其后的动词作单数;被视做为构成整体的个体时,其后的动词则为复数。 His family is a happy one.His family are all interested in stamp-collecting.The Democratic Government is in power now.The government is/are considering further tax cuts.The audience was very quite when he was giving his speech.The audience were shouting and laughing when he came into the hall.Our cla is the top cla in the grade.The cla are busy taking notes.3.并列主语与动词的一致 1)当“名词+名词”表示一种事物时,用单数动词。 Bacon and eggs is a very popular British breakfast.Toast and marmalade (果酱面包) is my favorite breakfast.Fish and chips (炸鱼与土豆片) is served every day.2)当主语是由and, both ….and 连接的并列结构时,如果主语所指的不是一种事物,动词则用复数形式。 Jack and Mary are in love with each other.Both Tom and John are absent today.War, famine and drought have claimed thousands of lives in that country.3)在又or或 nor连接的并列结构中,动词单、复数形式一般与or 或 nor 后边的名词或代词保持一致。 He or his brothers are to blame for this.Either you or your friend has to pay the bill.Either his father or his mother comes to see him every day.When couples quarrel, (either) the wife or the husband has to give in.Neither she nor you are mistaken.Neither the manager nor the clerks are college graduates.4) not only … but also 连接的结构做主语时,动词的单、复数形式依据but also 后的名词或代词。 Not only Fred but also his parents love this small pet dog.Not only the boys but also their mother is very ell.LESSON 2 Subject-Verb Agreement (II) 1.带确定数量词的名词词组做主语时的主谓一致 1)当主语是表示数目、时间、重量、距离等的复数名词时,如果该名词所表示的数量看作一个整体,其后的动词用单数。 Ten seconds of silence appears very awkward on television.A thousand dollars a month is more than I can afford.Four years I too long for me to wait.Sixty miles is a short run in a car.2) 当主语是表示数目、时间、重量、距离等的复数名词时,如该名词所表示的数量看作单个个体,其后的动词用复数。 The past three weeks were the hardest time in his life.Hundreds of buildings were put up in the city last year.Five kilos of apples are placed into the basket.3) 当主语为“分数或百分数+of+名词”时,其后的动词形式依照of后名词的单复数形式来定。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.Three-fourths of the people do not agree with the president.One-fourth of the region is underdeveloped.Thirty percent of the oil in that country is imported.Ten percent of the eggs have gone bad.Fifty percent of the land in that region has been used to build factories.4)当主语为sheep, fish, deer, aircraft, means, steelworks 等单数与复数同形的词时,动词的形式以名词单、复数意义为准。 An American aircraft was brought down by the anti-aircraft fire.Three aircraft are reported miing.Various means have been tried to solve the problem.Two steelworks were built ten years ago.Ten fish have been caught today.One sheep was killed by a wolf.2.all的主谓一致 1) 代词all表示可数的人或物时,其后的动词用复数形式。 All were hungry and desperate for food.All who have seen the film love it.All of them enjoyed themselves at the party.2) 代词all表示不可数的名词时,其后的动词用单数.All is going well.All is quite in the middle of the night.All you have to do now is wait.All that glitters is not gold.All of his money is gone.3) 形容词 all+可数名词时,其后的动词用复数形式。 All roads lead to Rome.All the people taking part in the race were over 60 years old.All things are difficult when we begin to do them.4) 形容词all+不可数名词时,其后的动词用单数形式。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.Not all food is good to eat.

第20篇:个人总结:英语自考本科重点词汇

fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀

Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal (京杭)大运河 Industrial Revolution 工业革命 dawn to dark从早到晚

especially English 具有英国特征的 cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热

basic occupation 基础产业

Department of Agriculture 农业部门 the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失

Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候 surveyor general 测量总监 sovereign nation 主权国家 aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区

telephone connections 电话用户 economic well-being 生活水平two way trade 双向贸易

lucrative export market 出口市场 foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均

GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入

world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量

major economy 经济大国

the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金 international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机 warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战

minute sea creatures and plants 微小的海洋动植物 crude oil 原油

sedimentary rocks 沉积岩 pitch lake 沥青湖

superhighway 高速公路 living organism 生物体

applied entomology 应用昆虫学 environmental Law环保法 wildlife 野生生物

freedom from noise pollution 无噪声污染 Act 法

amendment 修正案 bill 议案

hearing 听证会

lobby 院外活动集团

universal copyright convention 世界版权公约 a system of copyright protection 版权保护制度 Contracting States 成员国

Director-General 总干事

mean temperature平均温度

China’s “most important historical sites” 全国重点保护文物

the cultural relics 文物

mutual prosperity 相互繁荣

international trade 世界贸易

bilateral trade 双边贸易

commercial and financial relationships 贸易与金融关 economic performance/reform 经济改革 economic course 经济道路 employment 就业

food production 食品加工 heavy industries 重工业

financial services sector 金融服务 foreign exchange dealing 外汇交易

the international community 国际社会

foreign funds 外国资金

domestic competition 国内竞争 multilateral disciplines 多边规定 a part-time river 季节性河流

oil-burning lamps 油灯

science of biological control 生物控制学 new areas of thought 新的思维空间

a warm-blooded animal 恒温动物 grant a license 颁发许可证

strip mining 露天采矿

offshore oil drilling近海石油钻探 waste disposal 废物处理

national life 国民生计

enacting legislation 立法

remaining open land 尚未开发的土地

a system of copyright protection 版权保护制度

policies of reform and opening to the outside world 改革开放政策 national lives 人民生活

national security policies 国家安全政策 中 翻 英

流派school

文学家man of letters 文学界literary circle 欺世盗名glory-seeking

新民主主义New Democracy 五四运动The May 4th Movement

反帝国主义运动anti-imperialist movement 反封建运动anti-feudal movement 辛亥革命 the Revolution of 1911

初步共产主义思想rudiments of communist ideology 六三运动 June 3rd Movement 文化革命 the cultural revolution

小资产阶级和资产阶级知识分子petty-bourgeois and bourgeois intellectuals in the cities 市民阶级 the urban intelligentsia

五卅运动 May 30th Movement in 1925 北伐战争 the Northern Expedition

北洋军阀政府 the Northern Warlord government 右翼 right wing

民族危机 national crisis

巴黎和会 the Paris Peace Conference

故宫博物馆 the Imperial Palace/ the Palace Museum 故宫Old Palace

**Tian An Men Gate

太庙 The Imperial Ancestral Temple 中山公园 the Sun Yat-Sen Park 砖木结构 wood and brick

太和殿 the Hall of Supreme Harmony 午门 the Meridian Gate 外朝 the Outer Palace 内廷 the Inner Court

金水桥 the Golden Water Bridge

太和门 the Gate of Supreme Harmony 中和殿 the Hall of Complete Harmony 保和殿 the Hall of Preserving Harmony 御花园 the imperial garden 白塔 the White Dagoba 琉璃瓦 glazed tiles

粮食自给率 self-sufficiency rate of grain 净进口量net import rate 消费量consumption quantity

农业自然资源 Natural agricultural resources 生产条件 production condition 技术水平technical level

耕地cultivated land单位面积per unit area 复种指数 the multiple crop index 内陆水域 inland waters 水产品 aquatic products 集约化intensification 木本植物 arbor foodstuffs 知识经济 knowledge economy

劳动密集型产业 labour intensive industries 贸易与金融关系 commercial and financial ties 中国少年儿童出版社 China Children Pre 儿童文学 Children’s Literature 丝绸之路 the Silk Road

井地之蛙 a frog at the bottom of a well 落汤鸡 like a drowned rate

陆地自然资源 land natural resources 淡水资源 freshwater resources 矿产资源 mineral resources 大陆岸线 mainland coastline 岛屿岸线islands’ coastline

联合国海洋法公约 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 中国海域 China’s sea areas 浅海 shallow seas

人工养殖 aquatic products 沉积盆地sedimentation basin 中国沿海China’s coasts

深水岸线 deep-water stretch of coast 可再生能源regenerable energy resources

全球生命支持系统the global bio-support system 全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congre

中外合资经营 Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures 国际经济合作 international economic cooperation 技术交流 technological exchange 经济组织 economic organization 外国合营者 foreign joint venturer

平等互利的原则 the principle of equality and mutual benefit and subject 公共利益 public interest

有限责任公司 limited liability company

对外经济贸易主管部门 State’s competent department in charge of foreign economic relations and trade

工商行政管理主管部门 the State’s competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration

营业执照 busine license 注册资本 registered capital

合营企业经营期间 in its practicing deception 董事会 a board of directors 董事长 chairman

企业发展规划 the venture’s development plans

生产经营活动方案 proposals for production and busine operations 收支预算 the budget for revenues and expenditure 利润分配 the distribution of profits 审计师 the auditors 毛利润 gro profit 储备基金 reserve fund 净利润 net profit

优惠待遇 preferential treatment 所得税 the income tax

国家外汇管理机关 State agency for foreign exchange 金融机构 financial institution

外汇账户 a foreign exchange account 保险公司 insurance company 国际市场 world market

有关外汇事宜 foreign exchange transactions 个人所得税 individual income tax 不可抗力 force majeur

基本方针 the basic principle

兴修水利 infensify water-contral project

科技进步 the development of science and technology 稻田 paddy fields 养鱼业 fish culture 养殖 aquaculture

生产能力 productive capacity 人工草场 the artificial gralands

国际海洋年 the International Ocean Year 其他合法权益 other lawful right 开始营业 start operations 工业产权 industrial capital 总经理 general manager 总工程师 chief engineer 总会计师 treasurer

正副厂长factory manager and deputy manager 享受优惠待遇 enjoy preferential treatment Premier总理

financial deficit财务赤字 arbitration agency仲裁机构 regional autonomy地方自治

automobile components汽车部件 ASEAN东盟(东南亚国家联盟)

natural enemies of insects昆虫的天敌 consumer goods消费品 footbridge天桥

Keen interest浓厚的兴趣 subtropical plant亚热带植物

social security system社会保障制度 pension fund养老金 regular event常事

municipal government自治政府 entrepreneurial spirit进取精神

to give something much thought仔细想某事 cling to youth与年轻人呆在一起 carriage drawn by the horse乘马车

Federal Power Commiion联邦电力委员会 the Long March长征

neighboring enviroment周边环境 live on one's own life独立生活 freshly harvested刚割的 marine insurance海事保险 scarce tactic吓唬人的办法 a far cry from完全不同 in this respect在这方面

industrial pollution工业污染 international understanding国际间的了解 prime minister首相

sino-American relationship中美关系 stand squarely端端正正地站着 establish communities建立村镇 mineral deposit矿藏

flows of capital资本流动 power of nature自然的力量 the ice was broken打破了僵局

science of biotic controls生物控制学 domestic legislation国内立法

full diplomtic relations正式外交关系 natural beauty自然美

more than ten years his junior比他年轻十几岁 open public domain开放的公共地带 typical masterpiece具有代表意义的杰作 to imprint on one's mind印在某人的脑海里

tentative and uncertain manner试探和踌躇的举止 wind and twist蜿蜒

vaguely worded措词含糊 to and fro走来走去

brightly painted颜色鲜艳的

average annual rainfall平均年降雨量 ravages of time时间的摧残

the flower of one's youth风华正茂 in unison一致

turn one's back on拒绝,冷眼相看 court of appeals上诉法院 international affairs国际事务 magnificient dinner盛大晚宴 full member正式成员

vast size and resources地大物博 outward investor对外投资者 a kind of invitation殷勤的邀请 sober-faced沉静的 right to know知情权

unpublished works未出版的作品 welcoming banquet欢迎宴会

historically significant experiment具有历史意义的尝试 in his middle twenties二十多岁 outstanding feature突出特点

undue absoption in the past过分地怀念过去 resonant voice洪亮的声音 universal convention世界公约 immeasurable contrast迥然不同 sucking vigor汲取力量

meticulously dreed穿着讲究 well-mannered silence规规矩矩 now and again有时

works of the human kind人类精神产品 scientific exchange科学交流 it rains cats and dogs倾盆大雨 gleaming eyes闪光的眼睛 source of power能源 everlastingly无穷无尽的 property damage财产损失

the birth and death of the day每一天的诞生和消亡 Sir John约翰爵士 on board ship在船上 common ground共同点 average height中等身材 in the air酝酿中 life-giving赋予生命

global economy全球经济 come and go霎时即去 market-day赶集日

a narrow swale狭长的洼地 toast干杯

金字塔Pyramid

中国公民Chinese citizen 维生素vitamin

载人飞船manned airship 生态环境environment

世界贸易组织World Trad Organization 可耕地arable land

'三个代表'重要思想Three Represents Important Idea 纬度latitude 郁金香tulip

首相Prime Minister

生产条件production condition

粮食总产量目标total grain output target 工业产权industrial property rights 福礼sacrificial meat

国民经济national economy 大陆架continental shelves 和平共处peaceful coexistence 深刻的影响profound impact

交通动脉arteries of communication

平民文学literature for the common people 熬夜to sit up

民族团结ethnic harmony, ethnic solidarity 各种流尖派的different schools 不合理的制度irrational system 花言巧语flowery language 极西地带far west

经济改革economic reforms 灌溉面积irrigated areas 零工odd jobs

战略任务strategic task

有限责任公司a limited liability company 区域自治regional autonomy 革命道路revolutionary road

为…打下基础lay foundations for 不良后果negtive effects 生活水平standard of living 沿海城市coastal city 花坛flower bed

不惜力气not sparing oneself 新兴城市the rising town

永久定居permanent settlement

革命知识分子revolutionary intellectuals 在…的号召下at the call of 散文集collection of eays 试工期trial period 排队queue up

浓装艳抹heavy make up 合法手续legal title

客观有利因素favorable objective factors 高等教育higher education 小买卖人a peddler

先进技术advanced technology 民族精神national spirit 测深绳sounding-line

出于自愿和兴趣on one's own count, out of interest 电力生产electrical production 历史遗址historical sites 单位面积产量the yield per unit area 专属经济区exclusive economic zones 储备基金reserve fund

统一战线的革命运动the revolutionary movement of a united front 文艺节Festival of Arts

完整的古代建筑群complete group of acient buildings 世界投资体系world investment system 旧梦重温going through old dreams 自给自足self-suffiiciency

互不干涉内政non-interference 无言的呼唤wordle cry

多功能机器multi-purpose machine平均率average rate 月白色的pale green 拉排子车pull a handcart 学术交流academic exchange

五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st 河流入海口the mouth of the river 无情的relentle 初冬early winter

拉家带口be saddled with big families

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