推荐第1篇：工厂简介
工厂简介
上海阀门二厂有限公司（原上海阀门二厂）创建于1935年，已有七十多年的历史。是我国最早专业研制高中低压及真空阀门的企业。企业曾荣获国家二级企业、上海市先进企业、上海电气（集团）总公司文明单位等称号并连续二十二年被评为上海市“重合同、守信用”单位。企业现为中国通用机械工业协会阀门分会会员单位，中国真空协会理事会员，中国石化总部组织集中采购供应商，中国石油天然气集团公司一级供应网络单位，中国石油总公司“能源一号”网络成员，中国国家电力网成员。
我公司现有员工395人，各类专业技术人员128人，其中高级工程师9人。建有阀门的设计中心和加工中心以及各类阀门的检测设备，具有设计、制造各类阀门的能力。一九九O年我厂成功地为我国重点工程北京正负电子对撞机项目研制开发了阀门产品而受到了国务院颁发的“国家重大技术装备成果一等奖”以及李鹏总理的亲笔题词：为实现重大科技装备国产化而努力奋斗！
我公司产品注册商标“中字牌”为阀门行业著名品牌。公司高中低压阀门主要产品是：闸阀、蝶阀、截止阀、球阀、止回阀、柱塞阀、旋塞阀、隔膜阀、调节阀、平衡阀以及水力控制阀系列等。驱动装置分别有手动、电动、气动等方式。阀门口径从6mm-4000mm，压力等级从0.1MPa-32MPa，美标API 阀门口径从1/4”至40”，压力等级从150LB至2500LB。阀门工作温度-700C≤5400C。阀门主体材质有铜质、铸铁、碳钢、合金钢、不锈钢。适用介质为油品、水、蒸汽、天然气、酸碱液体等。产品广泛应用于石油化工、化肥、钢铁、电厂、油田、城市燃气、建筑、造纸、消防等行业。
公司真空阀门的产品有真空电磁阀、真空蝶阀、真空隔膜阀、真空挡板阀、真空球阀、真空微调阀、真空调节阀、超高真空插板阀、超高真空挡板阀等，驱动形式有手动、气动、电动及电磁动，阀门通径从0.8~1200mm，阀门的漏率从
6.7×10-2~1.3×10-7Pa.L/s，适用温度范围-30~+4000C，适用压力范围1×105~1×10-7Pa，产品广泛应用于航天、电子、机械、医药、制冷、能源、环保、食品、科研等领域。
我公司1998年顺利通过了ISO9001国际质量体系认证，2002年通过了ISO9001: 2000国际质量体系改版认证，2002年通过了国家质量技术监督局的国家压力容器安全注册（AZ）认证。2006年通过了国家质量技术监督局特种设备生产许可（TS）认证。几十年来中字阀门一贯狠抓产品质量的提高，在从原材料到成品的过程中，对每一个零部件的加工进行跟踪和监控，对每台出厂产品进行水、气密封压力试验。产品性能稳定，质量可靠，曾多次荣获国家级新产品金龙奖和部、市级新产品科技开发成果奖等。2006年我公司被“中国质量万里行” 评为“全国产品质量合格企业”，被中国质量品牌协会评为“中国著名品牌”。2005年企业体制改革顺利完成。企业改制后将更加重视产品质量管理，使中字牌阀门质量更上一层楼。
我公司始终以“质量第
一、用户第一”为宗旨，不断提高服务水准，并根据客户的需要开发新产品。产品优质、交货及时、服务周到、全面满足用户需要，是中字阀门的形象所在。竭诚欢迎国内外客户来我公司洽谈业务，共谋双赢之道。
（后附组织机构、厂房、设备图）
推荐第2篇：工厂简介
工厂简介
我部成立于2003年3月，位于淮南市的中心地带——陈洞路上，现有厂房面积200多平方米，停车场地2600平方米，各类修理检测加工设备，仪器30多台套，有职工十人多，其中高级工一人，技师一人，中级工5人，质检员一人，总质检员一人。
我们本着诚实守信的经营原则，通过全体职工的共同努力，赢得了良好的信誉和众多客户的信任，经过几年的努力我们现在已经成为多家企事业的定点维修企业。真诚服务是我厂一贯的宗旨，质量好，价格低，时间短是我们的追求。站在车主的立场用满足车主需求的技师人员设备制度和标准。在保养维修过程中，科学合理的追求零返修，力求给车主最高质量的服务，在保证维修质量的前提下，降低保养维修成本，实现企业微利多修。真诚回报客户，我们用真诚的心，为客户服务，保证应急车随叫随到。形成全过程，全天候，全方位，全身心的四全服。
我们不断更新员工的知识和技术，加强对员工的专业技师培训，尤其是汽车新结构，心技师的培训。添置先进的诊断和检测设备，使我们在激烈的市场竞争中不断壮大。
推荐第3篇：工厂简介
东莞市恒佳五金制品有限公司简介
东莞市恒佳五金制品有限公司成立于 2005 年，位于东莞市黄江镇大冚村经八路，专业从事生产马口铁罐制品，主要服务于糖果、饼干、巧克力、茶叶、烟酒、玩具、音像制品及礼品等客户。
我们优秀的设计团队，能根据客户的不同需求，设计出不同形状、不同规格的铁盒产品，并能提供逼真的三维图给客户参考。
我们拥有专业的管理团队与技术人才，严格的质量管理体系，快速的交货期，以及具有竞争力的价格使我们的产品享誉海内外。
我们的产品除了销售中国还远销至美国、法国、日本、韩国和东南亚，当中大多数是驰名世界的公司，如Wal-Mart, Disney, HomeDepot ,Kohl\'s, Kroger,Costco, BJ,Macy\'s, Best Buy, Subway, Walgreen\'s 等等。
未来的恒佳，我们将更致力于完善公司的管理，开发、设计及生产更多好的产品，提供更优质的服务给我们的客户。
Dongguan Hengjia Metal Co., Ltd.has been established in 2005 and is located at Jingba Road, Dakan Village, Huangjiang Town, Dongguan City.It is a company which specialized in tinplate products and mainly service for the customer of Candy, Biscuit, Chocolate, Tea, Tobacco, Wine, Toy, Audio & Video and Gift etc.
Our outstanding design team can design different shapes and specification tin box according to our clients’various demands, and also can provide vivid graphic model for our clients’ reference.
We have advanced management team, profeional technical staffs, strict quality controlling system, punctual delivery time, and competitive lower price.All these make our products enjoy a good reputation all over the world.
Our product is sold not only in China, but also in Europe, America, Japan, Korea, Southeast of Asia etc.Most companies of them are world-famous, such as Wal-Mart,Disney,HomeDepot,Kohl\'s,Kroger,Costco,BJ,Macy\'s,Best
Buy,Subway,Walgreen\'s etc.
In the future, Hengjia will devote to improve company’s management, development and design more and more best products, and provide more excellent service for our clients.
推荐第4篇：工厂英文缩写
• QA: Quality Aurance 品质保证
QC: Quality Control 品质控制
QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程
QFD: Quality Function Design 品质机能展开
Quality 质量
Quality manual 品质手册
Quality policy 品质政策
Range 全距
Record 记录
Reflow 回流
Reject 拒收
Repair 返修
Repeatability 再现性
Reproducibility 再生性
Requirement 要求
Residual 误差
Response 响应
Responsibilities 职责
Review 评审
Rework 返工
Rolled yield 直通率
sample 抽样,样本
Scrap 报废
SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书SPC: Statistical Proce Control 统计制程管制
Specification 规格
SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Aurance 供应商品质保证Taguchi-method 田口方法
TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制
TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理Traceability 追溯
UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制上限
USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限
Validation 确认
Variable 计量值
Verification 验证
Version 版本
QCC Quality Control Circle 品质圈/QC小组
PDCA Plan Do Check Action 计划 执行 检查 总结Consumer electronics 消费性电子产品
Communication 通讯类产品
Core value （核心价值）
Love 爱心
Confidence 信心
Decision 决心
Corporate culture (公司文化)
Integration 融合
Responsibility 责任
Progre 进步
QC quality control 品质管理人员
FQC final quality control 终点品质管制人员
IPQC in proce quality control 制程中的品质管制人员
OQC output quality control 最终出货品质管制人员
IQC incoming quality control 进料品质管制人员
TQC total quality control 全面质量管理
POC paage quality control 段检人员
QA quality aurance 质量保证人员
OQA output quality aurance 出货质量保证人员
QE quality engineering 品质工程人员
FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查
FAA first article aurance 首件确认
CP capability index 能力指数
SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供应商品质评估
FMEA failure model effectivene analysis 失效模式分析
AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收品质水准
S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小
ACC Accept 允收
REE Reject 拒收
CR Critical 极严重的
MAJ Major 主要的
MIN Minor 轻微的
Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 品质/可靠度/服务
P/N Part Number 料号
L/N Lot Number 批号
AOD Accept On Deviation 特采
UAI Use As It 特采
FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告
PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一
SPC Statistical Proce Control 统计制程管制
SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计品质管制
GRR Gauge Reproducibility & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否DIM Dimension 尺寸
DIA Diameter 直径
QIT Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组
ZD Zero Defect 零缺点
QI Quality Improvement 品质改善
QP Quality Policy 目标方针
TQM Total Quality Management 全面品质管理
RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可
7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法
通用之件类
ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供应商)ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户)PCN Proce Change Notice 工序改动通知
PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划
SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范
IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范
BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单
PS Package Specification 包装规范
SPEC Specification 规格
DWG Drawing 图面
系统文件类
ES Engineering Standard 工程标准
IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准
ISO International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 一般规格
部类
PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PCC Product control center 生产管制中心
PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制
MC Material Control 物料控制
DCC Document Control Center 资料控制中心
QE Quality Engineering 品质工程(部)
QA Quality Aurance 品质保证处
QC Quality Control 品质管制(课)
PD Product Department 生产部
LAB Laboratory 实验室
IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程
R&D Research & Design 设计开发部
• QC: Quality Control品質管控
•QA: Quality Aurancel 品質保證
•IQC: Incoming Quality Control 進料品質管制
•IPQC: In-Proce Qualityl Control 制程品質管制 •FQC: Final Quality Control 最終品質管制
•OQC: Outgoing Qualityl Control 出貨品質管制
•QCC: Quality Control Circle 品管圈l
•QE:Qualityl Engineering品質工程
•PDCA管理循環(Plan-Do-Check-Action)l
•SPC : Statisticl Proce Control 統計制程管制
•TQM: Total Quality management 全面品質管制l •WIP: Workl In Proce在制品
•MO: Manufacture Order 制令 •
•
•
•
JIT: Just In Time 即時管理ISO: International Organization For Standardization 國際標準化組織lBOM: Bill Of Material 物料清單5S : 整理,整頓,清掃,清潔,素養l •FIFO: FIRST IN FIRST OUT先進先出管理
推荐第5篇：工厂设计简介
水泥厂的建厂条件
项目建议书
建厂地址：湖北省武汉市江夏区纸坊
班级：09无机非02班 姓名：孟鹏
学号：090201021
3水泥厂的建厂条件
一、原料、燃料资源及其它辅助材料
水泥原料的成分和性能直接影响配料、粉磨、锻烧和熟料的质量，最终也影响水泥的质量。因此，了解和掌握原料的性能，正确地选择和合理地控制原料的质量，是水泥生产工艺中一个重要环节。生产硅酸盐水泥的主要原料是石灰质原料（主要提供氧化钙）和粘土质原料（主要提供氧化硅和氧化铝，也提供部分氧化铁）。我国粘土原料及煤炭灰分中一般含氧化铝较高，而含氧化铁不足，因此需要加入铁质校正原料。当粘土中氧化硅或氧化铝含量偏低时，可加入硅质或铝质校正原料。
江夏区矿产资源丰富，小型矿床、小矿多，但主要矿产矿床规模分布相对集中。全区已发现矿床（矿产地）137处，其中大型矿床5处，中型矿床6处，小型矿床30处，小矿、零散矿96处。全区已查明资源储量8.05亿吨，其中膨润土、石膏、盐矿、石灰岩、白云岩等主要矿产资源储量均在亿吨以上，全区81%以上资源储量被大、中型矿床或分布区所占有，储量分布相对集中。主要优势矿产有用组分含量高、质量好。熔剂用灰岩、冶金用白云岩，Ⅰ级品矿石占总储量的45.39—79.20%，且质量稳定，为优质矿石；膨润土为特大型矿床，现已查明有钠基土、钙基土、铝基土，Ⅰ—Ⅲ级品矿石占总储量的98.5%，质量好、品种齐全、宜于开采，具有较大开发利用价值。主要矿产开采条件好，加工方便。区内非金属矿产大多数为露天矿，交通方便，开采和后续加工简单易行，开采成本低。其中溶剂用灰岩、冶金用白云岩、玻璃用砂岩、冶金用石英岩、膨润土、石膏等矿产，矿石有用组份含量高而稳定，一般无须选矿即可利用。而一般建筑石料矿产在采出后就地直接破碎后形成矿产品，开采加工成本低，易于开发利用。
江夏区紧靠长江，水利运输方便，燃料资源、铁粉等其他原料都可以方便的运输进来。
二、交通运输条件
江夏区地理位置优越。地处九省通衢的武汉市南大门，1+8城市圈的重要节点，素有“楚天首县”之誉，东接鄂州，南通咸宁，西临长江，北连武汉东湖高新技术开发区， “武汉·中国光谷”规划区域大部分就在江夏区境内。这里区位优势突出，交通极其便利，地处武汉“1+8”城市圈南部枢纽，东与鄂州、大冶毗邻，南与咸宁交界，西与武汉经济开发区隔江相望，北与东湖新技术开发区接壤，具有近距离吸纳两大国家级开发区产业辐射的区位优势。京珠、沪蓉高速在境内交汇，京广铁路、京广高速铁路、武广高速铁路、武咸城际铁路、107国道贯通南北，长江黄金水道傍西境而过。城乡路网发达，城区距天河机场、汉口火车站、武昌火车站、武汉客运港均在30公里左右，水、陆、空运联系全国、通达八方，以江夏为中心，距北京、上海、深圳、重庆均为8小时左右车程。
三、电力
江夏区的电力主要来源于武汉火力发电厂。武汉有长江的水利运输，保证火煤的充足供应。而且正在大力发展环保发电，如武汉绿色环保能源有限公司筹建的武汉市江夏区垃圾焚烧发电工程，该项目是以国家发展和改革委员会发改投资（2003）1445号批复确定的武汉市重点工程。确保江夏用电的充足供应。
四、水力
江夏区境内大小湖泊136处，主要湖泊有大沟湖、梁子湖、牛山湖、豹澥、鲁湖、后石湖、爷头湖、上涉湖、团墩湖、汤逊湖、青菱湖等。主要河流有长江、金水河流经西部。江夏区地域广阔，城乡兼备，具有得天独厚的承东启西、连南接北、居中的地缘优势。水面约占总面积39%。
五、建设场地 江夏区位于江汉平原向鄂南丘陵过渡地段，中部高，西靠长江，东向湖区缓斜，以第四系红色粘土组成的网状平原为主，其两侧为平坦的冲积平原，东侧为梁子湖底地。三种地貌形体基本平。丘陵地形主要分布在区境北部，呈东西向带状，横刻在网状平原和冲积平原之中。东部和西部为滨湖平原，地面高程约20～40米，中部和北部有成片海拔150米左右的岗丘。江夏区地大物博，人口密度小，绿化面积大。适宜建厂的地方很多，如乌龙泉矿。
六、环境影响
江夏区，四季分明，日照充足，雨量充沛，年均气温16.7℃，年均降雨量1200－1400毫升，无霜期268天。江夏历史悠久，人文荟萃，名胜古迹众多，其中，尤以中山舰、明代楚昭王寝最富盛名。江夏基础设施完善，水、电、路、气、通讯配套完备。科教优势明显，境内云集26所高校，各类科教人才济济，拥有国家p4实验室、高压研究所等一批科研机构。
江夏区经济发展迅速，近5年全区累计引进各类项目510个，计划投资总额320亿元，实际到位资金160亿元。全区2006年实现生产总值94.2亿元，年均递增14%；规模以上工业增加值20.8亿元，年均递增26%；财政收入10.09亿元，年均递增26%；全社会固定资产投资50亿元，年均递增35%；农村居民人均纯收入4805元，年均递增10%。五年间，主要经济指标增长速度均高于全省、全市平均增长水平，经济总量和综合实力有了明显增强，初步形成了以大花山、安山万亩苗木，舒安万亩藠头，梁子湖万亩河蟹，金口万亩蔬菜和13个畜禽小区等为特色的现代都市农业板块，以开发园区为依托的光机电、生物医药、食品加工、新型建材及冶化、文化出版等五大产业集群工业经济板块，有力地呼应了武汉城市经济圈建设。2004—2006年，江夏区连续3年跻身全省县域经济先进县（区）行列，并在2008-2010年连续3年获得湖北省县区级综合经济水平第一名。大力发展县域经济、实施“1+8”城市圈战略，建设成为具有滨湖生态特色的武汉南部新区，形成“中国光谷”高新技术辐射基地，
先进制造业转移基地，现代都市农业基地，休闲渡假旅游观光基地，力争到2011年，财政收入达到20亿元以上。
总体评估：
江夏区矿产资源丰富，处于地质非活跃地带，地质条件较好，建厂所需的原料齐全，交通便利，能源供应充足，而且目前江夏区处理快速发展阶段，市场需求量大。
但是目前江夏区已建成凌云水泥厂，凌云水泥有限公司始建于1970年，现已成为年产30万吨优质水泥的武汉市建材中型企业，属湖北省建材五十强，江夏区重点骨干企业，武汉市优秀企业。公司已于2000年通过了ISO9002质量体系认证。近几年公司坚持“展凌云壮志，创优质品牌，树一流服务，让用户满意”的质量方针，弘扬“我们生产凝聚力”的企业文化，主导产品32.5级矿渣水泥、32.5级、42.5级普硅水泥年年荣登武汉市商品质量红榜，属湖北省地产最畅销商品，全国基础设施建设工程推荐产品，2002年湖北市场首选知名品牌。由此只如果在此地新建水泥厂，必然会引起市场竞争。
综合，地区适宜建厂，但是市场竞争力大，投资风险较大。
推荐第6篇：工厂简介(中)
工 厂 简 介
烟台百思特炉管厂是从事高温合金离心铸管及高温合金精密铸件的专业化生产厂。工厂致力于生产石化、冶金、建材、热处理等行业所用的耐高温合金炉管、炉辊、玻璃输送辊、辐射管、弯头、垫块等产品。
工厂是股份制企业，下设离心铸造车间、精密铸造车间、机加工车间、组焊车间和检验中心。拥有真空感应电炉、中频感应电炉、离心浇注机、自动焊机、直读光谱仪、内窥镜、涡流探伤仪等各种专用设备160余台套，具备了年生产离心铸管2500吨，精密铸件2000吨的生产能力。产品已广泛用于国内各著名企业，如燕山石化、大庆石化、金陵石化、巴陵石化、吉林石化、辽阳化纤、齐鲁石化、锦西炼油化工厂、抚顺乙烯、中原乙烯、天联乙烯、独山子乙烯等各大石化企业，仅今年共给燕山石化生产6万吨乙烯炉4台套。并出口
美国、日本、马来西亚、哈萨克斯坦、印度尼西亚等国家，获得一致好评。工厂的各级管理者、技术人员、生产骨干均具有从事耐热合金离心铸管和静态铸件生产十年以上的经历，积累了丰富的生产经验和宝贵的工艺参数。工厂技术力量雄厚，并与科研院所、大专院校建立了广泛的合作关系。开发研制的YBL35-25M、YBL45-35M高温合金炉管获国家五部委颁发的“国家级新产品证书”。工厂被山东省科技厅认定为“高新技术企业”，并在全国首批获得国家科技型中小企业基金支持。工厂建立、健全了质量保证体系，于1999年取得了ISO9002质量体系认证,并于2002年取得ISO9001-2000质量体系认证。
烟台百思特炉管厂
2002．9
推荐第7篇：实习工厂简介
MTBE相关简介
摘要：甲基叔丁基醚fMTBE)主要用作生产无铅汽油的添加剂，以提高汽油的辛烷值。MTBE在1904年首次被合成．目前世界上已有40多个国家和地区生产MTBE．我国依靠自己的科技力量成功地开发了不同类型的MTBE合成工艺。到2006年，采用围内开发的技术已建成60余套MTBE装置．总生产能力已超过2．5 Mt／a 由于受到一系列特定因素的影响．我国将在今后相当长的时期内持续使用MTBE。 关键词：甲基叔丁基醚合成 发展
实习工厂简介
吉化有机合成厂1-丁烯车间共有两套装备，我们实习的是MTBE装置。MTBE是用来作为汽油添加剂的主要成分，是汽油的挥发性能增强，从而更好的发挥作用。
甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）的主要合成原料有碳四馏分异丁烯和工业甲醇在在树脂催化剂的作用下，生成MTBE。
甲基叔丁基醚(简称慨)，分子量为88．150；常温下呈液态。由于国内目前普通汽油的辛烷值大部分在70左右，如果直接用于机动车辆，会因燃烧不够充分，产生含有CO等有害气体，从而污染大气环境。而MTBE作为无铅高辛烷值汽油的添加剂，以10％左右的比例调入普通汽油中，便可将汽油的辛烷值提高到90以上，并且增加了汽油中的氧含量，提高了汽油的燃烧性能，大大降低了机动车尾气中的有害物质的排放量，减轻了对大气环境的污染。 MTBE合成
异丁烯与甲醇在强酸性阳离子树脂催化剂的作用下，异丁烯在叔碳位形成正碳离子，具有较高的反应活性，甲醇属于极性分子，与其进行加成反应生成MTBE。当醇烯比≥1时，其初始反应速度与甲醇初始浓度无关，此时取决于异丁烯的质子化速度，质子化速度越快，初始反应速度越快，反应向有利于MTBE生成方向发展。当醇烯比＜1时，初始反应速度与异丁烯初始浓度无关，此时取决于甲醇的初始浓度，甲醇浓度越低，初始反应速度越慢，不利于MTBE生成，有利于副产物生成。MTBE的合成反应受热力学平衡的制约，在低温下向生成MTBE的方向反应。同时，从反应动力学来说，在较高温度下加快反应速度，但副反应速度也相应加快，为此，在生产操作过程中，要控制合适的反应温度。
主反应化学方程式如下：
CH3—C=CH2+CH3OH—→CH3—C—O—CH3
|
CH3
该反应为可逆放热反应，反应温度40-80℃，反应压力0.7-1.0MPa，催化剂为大孔强酸性阳离子交换树脂。在反应条件下，尚存在下述副反应：原料中所含水分与异丁烯反应生成叔丁醇（TAB）；异丁烯自聚生成二聚物（DIB）；甲醇缩合生成二甲醚（DME）。副产物叔丁醇和二聚物也具有较高的辛烷值，可随同MTBE调入汽油。
合成MTBE的主反应选择性很高（98~99%），采用反应蒸馏新技术后异丁烯转化率不小于99.00%，副产物生成很少。C4馏分中除异丁烯外的其它C4组分在反应条件下可视为惰性物
质。
生产原理
1.醚化单元
本单元的主要设备有2台离子过滤器和筒式反应器等。离子过滤器的材质为不锈钢，规格为夺1 200ram×5 200ram，每台内装净化剂(大孔磺酸阳离子交换树脂)2．8m3，它的作用就是把醚化反应原料中的金属阳离子(钙离子、镁离子等)过滤掉。筒式反应器的材质为不锈钢，规格为夺1 400rfnTl×24 O001ilnl，内装三层催化剂(大孔磺酸阳离子交换树脂)，每层高为5 O00mm，催化剂总量为23．1m3，它的作用是把甲醇原料与抽余碳四原料在一定的操作温度、压力下，合成为甲基叔丁基醚。
2.反应精馏单元
本单元的主要设备有2台保护反应器和反应塔(上段塔、下段塔)等。保护反应器的规格为夺1 200ram×5 200ram。内装催化剂0．38m3，它的作用是把甲醇原料中的金属阳离子过滤掉，使得原料碱度控制在0．1×10一 之内。
反应塔分上段塔和下段塔，上段塔规格为夺1 lOOmm×40 O00mm，内装8段催化剂捆，总量为1 5．5 m3，1 2层浮阀塔板。下段塔规格为夺1 lOOmm×夺1 300mm×39 6001TIITI，内装4段催化剂捆，总量为7．8m3，37层浮阀塔板。反应塔的主要作用是把筒式反应器中产生的MTBE精馏出来，同时利用内装的催化剂把剩余的异丁烯与按比例配加的甲醇合成甲基叔丁基醚。此技术是国外引进技术。
3.甲醇回收单元
本单元的主要设备有剩余碳四水洗塔和甲醇回收塔，其中甲醇／水塔为填料塔，内装4段金属鲍尔环填料。它的作用是把剩余甲醇回收，再作为反应原料投入生产中。塔顶操作压力为0．11MPa(表压)，温度为84℃ ；塔低操作压力为0．14MPa(表压)，温度为125℃ 。 模拟计算
共沸蒸馏塔主要计算C、MeOH、MTBE等各组分的分离问题．主要考察各工艺参数对分离过程的影响关系。各组分汽相组成计算程序框图见图1【2】。图中，P是给定的系统压力；置、是组分的液相、汽相摩尔分数； 为纯组分的饱和蒸汽压； ?为纯组分 在饱和蒸汽压下的逸度系数；是组分i在汽相中的逸度系数； 是组分f的摩尔体积； 是组分 的活度系数；to、分别为初始和下一步新的温度；占为允许误差范围f一般取10 10{【3]13．2．3 热力学模型的选择[41Aspen Plus提供了大量的物性计算方法．替代了人工运算的烦琐工作。其
中．软件所提供的NTRL模型可以描述高度非理想系统的焓行为。用该方法可模拟极性和非极性化合物的混合物．甚至能模拟很强的非理想体系。NTRL方法可由二元系统推算多元系统。无需增加多元参数．使用范围广泛。另外．MTBE产品分离是一个复杂的共沸蒸馏分离过程 MTBE与MeOH、C 烃是个极性很大、非理想物系的溶体系。因此，选择NTRL作为本次模拟的物性方法。
根据塔板效率的计算公式．计算得到共沸蒸馏塔的理论塔板数为33．进料位置为21。共沸蒸馏塔物料组成模拟结果见表3。从表3可以看出。塔底采出MTBE纯度为99．547
906％ ． MeOH为0．016 176％．与表1中的实际生产数据基本接近。但是，Cs(低聚合物)、C，、C，等模拟数据与实际数据差别较大．这主要是因为模拟时对性质相近的组分进行了合并处理。另外，实际生产中对粗MTBE分析时，忽略了C
3、DME、MSBE以及C5单独组分的分析。我国MTBE的生产状况
我国从20世纪70年代末和80年代初开始进行MTBE合成技术的研究，1983年中石化股份有限公司齐鲁分公司橡胶厂建成我国第一套MTBE工业试验装置，1986年吉化公司有机合成厂建成我国第一套万吨级MTBE生产装置，其生产能力为2.75万吨/年。到20世纪末，MTBE已成为全世界石化产品中发展最快的品种之一，我国在此期间MTBE也迅速发展，并且拥有了自己的专利技术，目前全国有近40套MTBE生产装置，生产能力约达160万吨/年，年产量约为150万吨。燕化公司（15万吨/年）和大庆炼化公司（14万吨/年）是2个最大MTBE装置。其他的生产装置还有山东省恒源石化集团（MTBE或轻汽油醚化，10万吨/年）、中石化股份有限公司上海高桥分公司炼油厂（原高桥石化公司上海炼油厂，6万吨/年）、吉化公司有机合成厂（5.5万吨/年）、上海石化股份有限公司（4万吨/年）、茂名石化炼油厂（4万吨/年）、大连西太平洋有限公司（4万吨/年）、锦西联华石油化工有限公司（3万吨/年）、大连石化七厂（3万吨/年）、林源炼油厂（3万吨/年）、锦江油化厂（3万吨/年）、岳阳兴长石化股份有限公司（2万吨/年）、独山子炼油厂（2万吨/年）、大庆石化总厂（2万吨/年）、镇海化工总厂（2万吨/年）、抚顺石油二厂（2万吨/年）、长岭炼油厂（2万吨/年）、广州石化炼油厂（2万吨/年）、福建炼油厂（2万吨/年）、武汉石化总厂（2万吨/年）、济南炼油厂（2万吨/年）、九江炼油厂（2万吨/年）、黑龙江喇嘛店化工厂（2万吨/年）、黑龙江石油化工厂（1万吨/年）、沧州炼油厂（1万吨/年）、哈尔滨炼油厂（1万吨/年）等近40家。
MTBE的发展前景
MTBE世界第一生产和消费大户的美国因1999年地下汽油储罐泄漏造成水资源污染，一些州相继提出禁止使用MTBE。在此期间，美国发生的MTBE恐慌，并没影响到欧洲和亚洲，迄今为止，欧洲和亚洲尚无禁用MTBE的任何迹象。由于我国汽油无铅化进程加速，反而给甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）的发展带来商机，令我国的MTBE产业迅速增加了100多万吨/年的生产能力。当然，这也和我国大部分炼油厂的汽油辛烷值不足的国情有关。据统计我国每年各类汽油产量约为3400万吨，其中催化裂化汽油占到了80％左右，这种汽油中的烯烃含量为45％至50％，通过添加MTBE提高催化裂化汽油辛烷值是我国目前的最经济的手段，一方面是解决当前车用汽油辛烷值不足不能上市的燃眉之急，同时也解决FCC副产的碳四副产品（液化气）出路。这就造成东部地区的许多炼油企业纷纷扩大或新上MTBE生产规模的后果。但解决车用汽油辛烷值不足最根本的解决办法是发展催化重整，改变整个石油加工结构，这一办法迟早要实现。届时，一定会重新考虑MTBE出路问题。
我国MTBE主要用于汽油添加剂、溶剂、裂解制异丁烯等。目前，我国MTBE裂解制异丁烯生产装置有7套，总生产能力将达7.2万t/a，每年大约需12万吨MTBE，不足MTBE总量的8％；用于汽油添加剂正面临乙醇的挑战，吉林已出台只使用乙醇汽油的文件。
参考文献：
1.林世雄．石油炼制工程．第3版．北京：石油工业出版社．2000．123
2.祝庆等．工业催化，2001，(6)：19—23
3.Trotta R．用油田丁烷生产高率烷值烷基化油．见：NPRA年会报告译文集，北京：石油化工科学研究院、信息中心，1997．301—308
4.J．L．Nocca．满足汽油质量的炼油工艺之间的多米诺骨牌．见：AM一00—61．NPRA年会报告译文集，北京：中国石油化工集团公司经济技术研究院、石油化工科学研究院，2000．345～353
5.中国石油和中国石化集团公司．中国石油和化工分析报告，2001，(24)：23
推荐第8篇：英文简介
我叫李永亮。首先，我在2010年毕业于大连工业大学服装设计专业，毕业后在大杨创世股份有限公司从事销售行业，工作了1年时间。我很喜欢大连，这也是我毕业后决定留在大连的原因，但是，这个城市这个工作，都是比较安逸的，作为年轻人，应该不断的去奋斗，不应该提前享受安逸的生活，所以我选择来北京发展，这里的压力会大一些，同样，动力也会大一些，因为你不努力工作的话，那么你就将会被淘汰，因此，我会很用心很努力的对待我的工作！
My name is Li Yongliang.First of all, I graduated in 2010 at the Dalian
University clothing design special field, after graduation DaYangChuangShi limited company in sales, working for 1 years.I very like Dalian, this is my
graduation decided to stay in Dalian reasons, however, the city of the work, are relatively comfort, as a young man, should continue to struggle, should not to enjoy the easy life, so I choose to come to Beijing to develop, the preure will be greater, similarly, power will be larger, because you don\'t work hard, you will be eliminated, therefore,I will be very hard very hard to deal with my work !
我是一个很随和的人，平时很容易相处，很爱交朋友，在生活上，只要平淡简单点就行，但必须经过现实考验。对待工作很认真，如果是我喜欢的工作而且这个职位还有上升的空间，我会很用心很努力的走到那个位置，为了生活的更好，必须得努力去工作。
I am a easy going person, usually very easy to get along with, love to make friends, in life, as long as Insipid and simple point on the line, But to must pa the test of reality.Works very seriously, if I like the work and this position also increased the space, I will be very hard very hard to get to this position, In order to live better, must work hard
4年的服装设计学习，让我对服装时尚很敏感，做过一年的职业装销售，我对服装的店面销售，与客户的需求分析，店面陈列，货品管理，售后服务等都有了一个全面的认知
4 years of fashion design learning, let I to fashion very sensitive, Done a year occupation installed sales, Make me to high-end clothing store sales and customer demand analysis, store display, merchandise management, after-sales service and have a comprehensive understanding of
推荐第9篇：英文 简介
Company Profile
1>Geographical position
The company is located in Liushi town Li county HeBei province,is known as \"China\'s skin,\" and located in Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang hinterland, with the Beijing-Shijiazhuang Expreway, Shuohuang, Bao Cang, Beijing-Kowloon, Beijing-Guangzhou railway adjacent to traffic convenient, unique natural conditions.2>History and scale
The company founded in 1988, and it is one of the largest production and proceing leather companies in Lixian.The company has two large tanneries (leather tanneries, sheepskin tannery) a plant spray (spray a plant, spray two workshops) and a large sewage treatment plant.The company occupies 80,000 square meters, now has Several hundred million dollars of aets, the company is in accordance with high standards, high starting point, strict requirements of the construction industry, local characteristics of Lixian, after years of unremitting efforts, has developed into more Thousands of people.They have strong technical force, well-equipped.And annual production of sheep leather, goat leather, cow pony arrive 3 million.
3>The company\'s main products
The company\'s main products are: goatskin garment leather, shoe1
leather, bag leather, glove leather.Sheep skin leather, garment leather fetal bovine, fetal bovine upper leather.
Style with vegetable tanned, semi-vegetable tanned, chrome-free tanning, contraction pattern, grasping flowers, tighten wrinkles, film leather, goat leather imitation deer; New Zealand, the British series of washed lamb leather, wax changes, foam leather, fantasy leather, oiled wax light, inner pearl, gloy leather, shiny leather, washing water dyeing leather, fantasy leather, imitation patent leather and so on.Soil types and Xinjiang kid made a variety of products.4>the company\'s busine scope
There\'s a major trade proceing, feed proceing, general trade.At present, with the European Union, the United States, Ruia, Japan, Korea and other countries and China and most of the provinces and municipalities to establish a long-term trade partnership.The company has advanced production technology and procees, high-quality long-term imports of British lamb, the use of high international standard of tanning materials and dyes, using a global leader in tanning technology to produce a variety of diverse, unique style, trend-quality leather.So that our products have been recognized in the community, we also have the Retail Outlets in Guangzhou, Chengdu, Haining, and Tong’erpu etc.
5>Strong research productivity capability, strict quality
aurance system
Company in recent years to increase the technological input, has invested nearly billion on technological innovation, invested 25 million Yuan for environmental protection, sewage treatment, through continuous innovation transformation, environmental protection and environmental management in the made gratifying achievements.Among them, waste water recycling, waste recycling technology chromium solution made scientific and technological achievements.In order to achieve better economic efficiency, reduce production costs, increase market competitivene, the company adopted the advanced \"QB1872-93\" standard operating procedures in strict accordance with the quality of production, to ensure product quality.Company purchase the most advanced drum, slice the skin machine, buffing machine, low temperature vacuum dryer and automatic water supply systems and other equipment, to effectively guarantee the quality of the product stability.
6>Company Honor
Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Hebei Province in 1998 as a fixed unit of imported raw hides in 2004 paed the ISO9001: 2000 international quality system certification, strengthen quality management, compliance, strict compliance with the customs of
the management system, credit management, the Customs Cla AA rated companies.2006 Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Hebei Province Baoding leather industry as the only \"entry of sheep, cow pony, small miscellaneous leather-cum-fixed unit of proceing trade.“By the Chinese General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and awarded \"inspection unit”; By China Light Product Quality Aurance Center as a \"standard quality of Chinese products qualified units\" is television station, Hebei Province, Hebei Environmental Protection Agency, \"Green Home\" section named \"Creating environmentally advanced unit\" by Baoding Industry and Commerce Administration as \" Credible Enterprise \"by China Livestock Marketing Aociation as a\" corporate credit rating AA grade credit enterprise.\"Hebei Legal News as being \"3.15 quality credit services consumer satisfaction units\" by Lixian county government over the years by the Chinese Communists as \"advanced enterprise tax\" ...Mr.Shi Budi as Baoding Norstar leather Company’s founder, he is not only a succeful entrepreneur, or a good party member by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture as \"the 5th township entrepreneurs,\" China Livestock Marketing Aociation has been elected vice president of circulation and Lixian Leather Aociation;
Looking ahead the future, we are confident that we all \"Norstar\" will
always, to the highest quality products, fastest delivery, the most reasonable price, best service attitude of service to our customers and look forward to working with you create a better future!
推荐第10篇：北京展览会工厂简介
齐工务机械厂参展简介
一、整组道岔系列产品
从工厂从1996年开始引进技术生产新型整组道岔。目前已经能够批量生产各种轨型、不同型号的固定辙叉和可动心轨辙叉单开道岔、对称道岔、复式交分道岔、交叉渡线道岔和渡交组合道岔。产品种类已达200余种。其中包括60kg/m钢轨12号Ⅱ型提速单开道岔和60kg/m钢轨18号可动心轨辙叉提速单开道岔。产品要不覆盖哈局并已批量在沈局铺设。工厂将继续提高加工能力，努力把道岔产品做精、做好。
1、60kg/m钢轨12号单开道岔
2、60kg/m钢轨12号提速单开道岔
3、60kg/m钢轨18号可动心轨单开道岔
4、60kg/m钢轨9号单开道岔
5、各种型号复式交分道岔
6、各种型号的交叉渡线
7、各类渡交组合道岔
二、道岔配件系列产品
1、锻焊辙叉系列产品
锻焊辙叉是新一代固定型合金钢组合辙叉，已于2000年通过铁道部运输局组织的技术审查。审查意见认为，锻焊辙叉达到了国内锻造和焊接辙叉的领先水平，并填被了国内外固定型辙叉的空白。
锻焊辙叉已在哈局大量铺设，其中采用U75V材质的辙叉，其平均使用寿命已经达到通过列车总重2亿吨。采用贝氏体材质翼轨的辙叉，其平均使用寿命已达通过列车总重3亿吨。目前，工厂正在研制全贝氏体锻焊辙叉，预期平均使用寿命可达通过列车总重4亿吨。
目前，锻焊辙叉已形成系列产品，不同轨型，不同型号的锻焊辙叉已达60余个型号，其中包括各类单开道岔用锻焊辙叉，和各类复式交分道岔用锻焊辙叉，以及各类交叉渡线道岔用锐角、钝角锻焊辙叉。可以替代90%的锰钢辙叉。
锻焊辙叉具有强度高，整体性好，使用寿命长，性能稳定，更换简便等特点。
并能与线路钢轨在现场焊接，为实现无缝道岔和跨区间超长无缝线路提供了新途
径。
2、贝氏体AT尖轨
由齐齐哈尔工务机械厂与中国铁道科学院和鞍山钢铁公司合作开发的贝氏
体AT尖轨，已经于2008年12月17日至2009年1月8日先后在大秦铁路的茶
坞工务段和大同工务段管内铺设。其平均使用寿命已经达到了普通材质尖轨的3
倍以上。
大秦线是我国及至世界上运量最高的铁道线路。最大运量可达年通过列车总
重4亿吨，尖轨磨耗严重。最短时不到一个月就因磨耗到限而下道。频繁地更换
既需要大量工时，同时也对列车的正常运行造成影响，严重地影响了大秦线的经
济效益。
贝氏体AT尖轨是一种高强度、高韧性的新材质尖轨，通过现场应用，其良
好的耐磨性已经明显地显露出来。与同型号的U75V材质尖轨相比，磨损明显减
少，使用寿命明显提高，预期使用寿命可达到U75V材质尖轨的3倍以上。这必
将为铁路运输带来可观的经济效益。2010年5月铁道部运输局正式下文件，同
意齐齐哈尔工务机械厂生产的75kg/m贝氏体钢尖轨上道试铺。
3、提速道岔用整体铸造垫板
提速道岔整体式铸造垫板是齐齐哈尔工务机械厂承担的铁路局科研项目。于
2004年在哈局成功铺设。为铁路提速提供了一种低成本、高性能的产品，符合
铁路技术发展政策，具有广阔的市场前景。
4、异型钢轨
三、轨道车辆系列产品
1、JY290-
3、JY290-5重型轨道车
该车适用于线路施工、维修时的牵引作业及高速运行，选用康明斯NTC-290
柴油机，机械传动，采用九档变速箱和进口Lipe离合器，起动加速性能及牵引
性能好，流线型车体，风阻小，运行速度高；JY290-3型为110km/h；JY290-5
型为100km/h。重心低，运行平稳，多层地板，双层侧窗，安全挡风玻璃，隔热
效果好。
2010年8月22日，首批两台GC220型轨道车通过了金鹰公司和部验收室
的验收正式下线，整车平稳性达到优良状态，没有任何滴漏现象，外观质量良好，
达到金鹰轨道车的标准要求，同时，襄樊金鹰轨道车辆有限责任公司齐齐哈尔生
产维修基地正式挂牌，这标志着工厂与金鹰公司的合作成功，与迎来了工厂轨道
车生产的春天。
2、JY360-2重型轨道车
该车适用于线路施工、维修时的牵引作业及高速运行，并可兼作人员运送、
现场检查的交通办公用车。选用康明斯NTC-290柴油机，采用二轴转向架型式，
运行平稳，机械传动，采用九档变速箱和进口Lipe离合器，起动加速性能及牵
引性能好。多层地板，双层侧窗，安全挡风玻璃，隔音隔热效果好，车内空间大，
布置合理，司乘条件好，有100km/h和110km/h、120km/h两种速度选择。
3、GQ16-
4、GQ16-
5、GQ16-6轨道起重车
该车适用于线路施工、维修时的起重、装卸、牵引作业和电气化铁路的立
杆作业，并可与其它车辆联挂组成电气化铁路抢修专列。GQ16-
4、GQ16-6型分
别选用上海柴油机厂生产的6135K-19C、6135AZK-4b柴油机；GQ16-5型选用
康时斯NTC-298柴油机。机械传动，三轴承载，运行平稳，速度高。安装浦沅
集团公司生产者全液压臂式起重机，无级调速，并设有重力下放机构和力矩限制
器，可吊重走行。
4、JW-2接触网维修作业车
适用于电气化铁路接触网的检修作业，也可作为牵引车使用。选用上海柴
油机厂生产的6135AZK-4b柴油机。安装旋转式升降平台和随车吊。多层地板，
双层侧窗，车内空间宽敞，司乘条件好。
5、收轨吊组
由两台GPC40型轨道平车作为底车连挂在一起，自带发电机组，两端安装
悬臂构架和起重设备。起重设备分别由两台电动葫芦和两台走行小车组成。操作
简便、性能安全可靠，是工务工程部门进行线路改造维修收运钢轨、装运物资的
理想设备。
6、桥隧升降检修车
该车是为铁路隧道全断面维修和检查作业设计制造的理想设备。该车由轨
道车牵引、供电，平台升降采用液压传动，所用电源为50Hz，电机功率5.5KW，
照明功率400W。平台可承重6t，可同时8人对隧道的左右墙壁和顶棚作业。升
降工作台可根据工作物的远近自由调节。
平台采用封闭式，工作间宽敞舒适，也可以存放工具材料，有两台按照灯供
照明使用。该车施工机动灵活、施工方便、效率高。
7、GCY290型重型轨道车
GCY290型液力传动重型轨道车具有速度快、牵引力大、运行平稳，操作、
维修简便等特点。具有小运转、调车和低匀速三种工况。可用于工务工程部门运
送各种物资、器材，也可用于厂矿企业站场调车作业，还可用于牵引大型线路施
工机械进行作业。根据用户要求可改装为各种专业车。
四、技术装备
1、数控龙门铣床
该机床是应工厂加工铁路钢轨件的需要，结合龙门镗铣床的结构特点和现
代机床的技术开发设计，用于加工高碳钢钢轨的专用机床。是工厂的重点设备。
2、闪光焊机
该焊机是首台我国自行研制的道岔闪光焊机，它采用了多项现代技术，既
可满足锻焊辙叉的焊接，还可以进行钢轨及道岔的尖轨、翼轨等钢轨件的焊接。
3、3000T油压机
4、轨道车整车试验台
重型轨道车整车试验台，可对新设计的轨道车进行牵引性能试验，验证
设计的性能指标，还可以对新制和大修的轨道车进行出厂前的运行试验，这个运
行试验可以代替以往的路试，既减少正线运输的负担，又减少了出现故障而影响
铁路运输安全的概率，还可节约路试的费用。
主要技术性能指标：
试验功率:1000KW，每轴≤400KW
可试验轴（定）距：两轴车≤6000mm，四轴车≤5000mm
可试验速度：≤120km/h
5、疲劳试验机
6、落锤试验机
五、工厂简介
齐齐哈尔工务机械厂成立于1958年，注册资金2158万元，是生产铁路道
岔、轨道车辆、养路机械等产品的国有中型企业，是哈尔滨铁路局工务技术装备
的生产基地。工厂现有职工628人，其中工程技术人员近百名，工厂设有三个分
厂、一个科研所和一个销售中心，拥有3000T油压机、龙门刨床、数控龙门铣
床、UNG-1000型闪光焊机等大型机械加工装备，能够满足工厂生产铁路产品的
需要。
工厂由一个小修配厂发展成为年产值上亿元的中型企业，于2000年通过了
ISO9001质量体系认证，2002年又完成了ISO9001-2000版标准的转版认证复查。
工厂建厂50多年来一直奉行的四十字办厂方针是：面向工务，按需生产，
信守合同，及时供货，保证质量，全包全赔，热情服务，礼貌待客，力所能及，
有求必应。工厂的宗旨是培育一流队伍，制造一流产品，提供一流服厂务，创建一流服务。
工厂的主要产品是各种型号的提速道岔、新型道岔和普通道岔，各种道岔
配件和线路配件，生产和维修各种型号的轨道车辆。2010年8月22日襄樊金鹰
轨道车辆公司齐齐哈尔生产维修基地挂牌，首批样车下线，通过了铁道部驻襄樊
金鹰厂质检的验收，标志着我厂与襄樊金鹰轨道车辆公司合作成功。通过与襄樊
金鹰公司的合作，吸收了先进技术、先进工艺和先进的管理理念，使工厂的轨道
车生产技术水平和产品质量有了较大的提高。同时，正在加快与永济新时速电机
电器有限公司的合作进度，争取在2011年初完成GCD450电传动轨道车的样车
试制。
工厂紧跟铁路大提速的步伐，加快科技创新，不断开发新产品，2008年11
月18日，在铁道部运输局主持的上道技术审查会上，我厂研制的贝氏体AT尖
轨，已在我国重载铁路大秦线上投入运用，这标志着我厂的产品技术水平的新的
提高。2010年5月铁道部运输局正式下文件，同意齐齐哈尔工务机械厂生产的
75kg/m贝氏体钢尖轨上道试铺。而另一项新产品就是锻焊辙叉，经过10多年的
研制和生产已形成系列产品，不同轨型、不同型号的锻焊辙叉已达60余个型号，
其中包括各类单开道岔用锻焊辙叉，和各类复式交分道岔用锻焊辙叉，以及各类
交叉渡线道岔用锐角、钝角锻焊辙叉。可以替代90%的锰钢辙叉。
第11篇：名著英文简介
探讨杜拉斯《情人》和《来自中国北方的情人》两部作品的叙事体裁。这两部作品既非作者自传,也非一般小说,而是一种具有浓厚自传意味和小说色彩、又兼有其他文艺体裁因素的新型叙事作品。读者在其中可以窥见当今各种文学、艺术乃至各个学科之间相互渗透、相互据有的种种多元现象,而这一切皆服务于表现心灵欲望的真实这样一个主题。
【英文摘要】 This article tries to explore the genre in Duras\' Lover and Lover from North of China.Not only can the two works be simply perceived as the author\'s autobiography, but they do not fall into the category of novel.They actually are a new-type narrative form with profound interest of autobiography and novel flavor as well as other forms of literature and art, in which readers can deeply experience the pluralistic phenomena of mutual infiltration and mutual containment.All of these serve for embodying the th...长发公主影评 我们都习惯了童话故事里王子和公主的完美结局。所以迪斯尼这次翻新了，不是公主配王子，而是公主配盗贼---当然是个英俊盗贼！这位暴力公主还会用她瀑布般的长发绑架一个帅气小偷，与她一同去外面广阔的世界冒险，故事可谓非常具有“女权”色彩。而 偷了王冠的英俊盗贼逃命时误打误撞爬进了高塔，于是我们知道，盗贼和公主是有故事的！当然两个都改变了以往的王子公主形象，也许他们应该深沉英俊，但是改变了以往的形象，公主也可以疯狂，盗贼也可以任性。两个疯狂的人物走到一起，更加的喜剧化，幽默化。迪士尼一贯的做法是在公主王子动画中加几只动物以突出人性的善良。
《长发公主》已多次被改编为动画，长发公主、白雪公主、灰姑娘、小美人鱼等也成为迪斯尼的经典美人形象。此次，迪斯尼“旧瓶装新酒”再用经典童话，宣告了迪斯尼动画向3D世界进军的世代来临精致的画面，动人的歌剧也都让我们看的津津有味。虽说迪士尼依然拍过了不少3D动画且不乏经典，但是该作是迪士尼的公主起家系类。迪士尼必然费了很大的功。该动画其实相较其他动画而言童话原剧情较为黑暗，所以在动画中做出了重大改变。而且看完后从技术到音乐迪士尼都下了很大的功夫，经管3D，整体动画剧情紧凑，笑点不断是一部老少皆宜的动画。
与以往迪斯尼人物形象不同。片中最难的CG部分就是公主的长发。因为头发是流动、散开的，需要特别注重细节。让每根头发都看来自然逼真，还要随人物动作变化，对他们是极大挑战。电影中公主似乎有些暴力，有现代的感觉，野蛮，对外面世界好奇。与以往公主相比她更加有自己的想法，有自己的性格，不温柔，不安静。她喜欢冒险。
而且电影中不再是以往二维技术，更多的运动了三维手段，人物更加逼真，形象更鲜活。不过本片最突出的优点是优美的画面和动听的歌声。片中夜晚千百个灯笼升上天空，背影投射在湖面的画面 分唯美，为男女主人公的感情戏增加了浪漫氛围。得益于3D技术的应用，观众也仿佛置身充满“星光”的天水之间，配合优美音乐，令人无限感动。观众也更容易进入角色内心，感受到丰富的画面。
这让我更加感到二三维区别到底是什么？普通观众眼中的二维和三维动画，对他们来说并没有什么太大的区别，他们对动画的需求仅仅是剧情好不好玩，画面好不好看，角色逗不逗，没有人想去关心一个画面里运用了多少牛逼的技术。动画之于观众，只是会动的画面，只是故事，他们只想看到好玩的点子。而好的动画师也同理，他们不会是单纯的优秀的软件操作员，也会是优秀的演员，甚至是优秀的设计师，只不过可能没机会或者不敢在摄影机面前展示自己而已。
动画传达给观众的载体往往是大屏幕，即使是你眼前的这个显示器，也是通过各种像素的组合和投影技巧以达到显示在一块平面上的效果。通常所说的二维动画三维动画摆拍定格，只是我们对创作过程的分类，即素材，而并不是它们最终呈现在我们眼前的方式。你能从动画中看到三维空间，是因为创作过程是在三维软件中进行的，而传统的二维动画也可以模拟这种空间感。反过来，也有人刻意用三维软件去追求平面效果。
第12篇：公司英文简介
模版A：
(成立年份)(公司英文名称) is a manufacturer (生产兼贸易，可用manufacturer and trader) specialized in the research, development and production of (公司主打产品).We are located in(公司所在城市), with convenient transportation acce.All of our products comply with international quality standards and are greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.If you are interested in any of our products or would like to discu a custom order, please feel free to contact us.We are looking forward to forming succeful busine
relationships with new clients around the world in the near future.
对应中文翻译：
ABC公司成立于XX年，专业生产XXX产品，集产品研发和生产于一体。我公司地处XX市，交通便利。我司所有产品采用国际质量标准，产品远销海外，享誉海内外众多市场。
如果贵司对我们任一款产品有意或有订单意向，欢迎随时联系我们。我们期待与全球客户携手合作，共创未来。
模版B：
Established in （成立年份）, （公司英文名称） is a profeional manufacturer and exporter that is concerned with the design, development and production of (行业产品).We are located in (公司所在城市), with convenient transportation acce.All of our products comply with international quality standards and are greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.
We have over (员工人数) employees, an annual sales figure that exceeds USD(销售额) and are currently exporting (出口比例) of our production worldwide.Our well-equipped facilities and excellent quality control throughout all stages of production enables us to guarantee total customer satisfaction.
As a result of our high quality products and outstanding customer service, we have gained a global sales network reaching (主要出口国家).
If you are interested in any of our products or would like to discu a custom order, please feel free to contact us.We are looking forward to forming succeful busine
relationships with new clients around the world in the near future.
ABC公司成立于XX年，专业生产和出口XXX产品，集产品设计、研发和生产于一体。我公司地处XX市，交通便利。我司所有产品采用国际质量标准，产品远销海外，享誉海内外众多市场。
我司现拥有XX名员工，年销售额逾XX美金，百分之XX的产品远销海外。为了保证客户满意度，我们引入了先进的设备设施，并在生产各个环节贯彻完善的质量检查措施。
鉴于高质量产品和出色的客户服务，我们已经成功建立了一个全球销售网，网点已覆盖XX，XX等国家。
如果贵司对我们任一款产品有意或有订单意向，欢迎随时联系我们。我们期待与全球客户携手合作，共创未来。
模版C：
Established in (成立年份)(公司英文名称) is a profeional manufacturer and exporter that is concerned with the design, development and production of (行业产品).We are located in (公司所在城市), with convenient transportation acce.All of our products comply with
international quality standards and are greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.Covering an area of (工厂占地面积) square meters, we now have over(员工人数) employees, an annual sales figure that exceeds USD (销售额） and are currently exporting (出口比例) of our production worldwide.
Our well-equipped facilities and excellent quality control throughout all stages of
production enables us to guarantee total customer satisfaction.Besides, we have received (填写客户获得的国际证书，如ISO9001).
As a result of our high quality products and outstanding customer service, we have gained a global sales network reaching (主要出口国家).
If you are interested in any of our products or would like to discu a custom order, please feel free to contact us.We are looking forward to forming succeful busine
relationships with new clients around the world in the near future.
ABC公司成立于XX年，专业生产和出口XXX，集产品设计、研发和生产于一体。我公司地处XX市，交通便利。我司所有产品采用国际质量标准，产品远销海外，享誉海内外众多市场。
我司现有工厂占地面积XX平方米，XX多名员工。年销售额逾XX美金，百分之XX的产品远销海外。
为了保证客户满意度，我们引入了先进的设备设施，并在生产各个环节贯彻完善的质量检查措施。同时，我们已通过XX认证。
鉴于高质量产品和出色的客户服务，我们已经成功建立了一个全球销售网，网点已覆盖XX，XX。
如果贵司对我们任一款产品有意或有订单意向，欢迎随时联系我们。我们期待与全球客户携手合作，共创未来。
第13篇：人民大学英文简介
具有光荣传统和悠久历史的中国人民大学已走过70多年的光辉历程。她在抗日烽火中诞生，从延安宝塔山下走来，历经陕北公学、华北联合大学、华北大学到中国人民大学的不同发展阶段，风雨兼程而弦歌不辍。
她是中国共产党亲手创办的第一所新型正规大学，自创建之日起，始终与党和国家同呼吸、共命运，始终奋进在时代前列。她不仅以独特的历史，更以雄厚的学术实力、一流的教学科研成果蜚声国内外，被誉为我国人文社会科学的一面旗帜。她名师云集，人才辈出，新中国高等教育的许多开创性工作均肇始于此，并发展到全国。
历经70多年的探索与建设，中国人民大学已发展成为一所以人文社会科学为主的综合性研究型全国重点大学，为马克思主义在中国的传播和普及，为我国哲学社会科学的发展和繁荣，为我国社会主义革命、建设和改革事业作出了重要贡献，成为中华人民共和国建设者的摇篮、中国人文社会科学的重镇、马克思主义理论教育的高地和中国特色社会主义建设的重要智库。
走进21世纪，中国人民大学揭开了历史的新篇章，正以崭新的面貌，朝着建设“人民满意、世界一流”大学的目标阔步迈进。
Renmin University has an illustrious history and wealth of tradition spanning over seventy years.The university came into existence in the flames of the War of Resistance against Japan, traversed the slopes of Yan an, and experienced several stages of transformation as Shanbei Public School, North China Union University and North China University, before becoming Renmin University of China.Renmin University of China was the first new-style modern university established by the Chinese Communist Party.Since its founding it has always striven to be at the forefront of the era progreing with the Party and the nation.Alongside its unique history, the university has achieved national and international acclaim for its academic strengths, first cla teaching and scientific research, and been regarded as a standard bearer for the humanities and social sciences.With its concentration of outstanding facility, much pioneering work in Chinese higher education has begun at RUC and subsequently spread acro China.Through over 70 years of exploitation and progre, Renmin University has developed into a leading university with particular excellence in the humanities and social sciences, and made important contributions to the transmiion and universalization of Marxism in China, to the development and flourishing of humanities and social sciences, and to the development and reform of China.As such, it has acted as an incubator for the nascent People’s Republic of China, a national center for the humanities and social sciences, a vantage point for Marxist studies, and a think-tank for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Moving into the 21st century, RUC has begun a new chapter in its history, striving towards its goal of becoming a world-cla university in concord with the wishes of the people.
第14篇：公司英文简介
Minqing Hongdian Electronic Ceramics & Electronic Co.,Ltd
Minqing Hongdian Electronic Ceramics & Electronic Co.,Ltd established in 1979, which is located in Minqing town ----the porcelain center of southeast .It has abundant resources , convenience transportation (about one hour riding away from Fuzhou port) and enough electric ; it has standard factory rooms and opacious field, all of these form superior condition tor producing porcelain.There is about 15000 square meters of company area, 13000 square meters of building area.It has fixed aet about 10,000,000 RMB ,more than 210 employees, 21 full-time managers, 10 engineers and 15 technicians.
Minqing Hongdian Electronic Ceramics & Electronic Co.,Ltd has improved its technique by the second –time on the basis of the original company, it has founded in Nov .2005.During the past two years, the production result is encouraging.The main products have: various suspension type insulators under 30 tons (include cla ANSI 52 series), medium , high voltage pin type insulators (include ANSI 55 and ANSI 56 series), each kind of spool insulators , pocelain cro arms insulators, various pillars,set tubes, cutout fuse , lighting arrester and gang insulator electrical products which are under 35 KV.
Our company adopts an IEC, English (BS), and American (ANSI) standard production strictly .The products are sold all over the world , such as Europe and America, Southeast Asia, Middle east,South America and HongKong –Macao region , the year production value reaches to 38,000,000RMB which is one of the main high-voltage electric ceramics manufavturers in Fujian province.
The company follows the policy customer supremacy, the quality-first and serve in a top-grade aim, developing new products all the time, expanding new field.The equipments of our company is good, the techique is advanced.Now we have establishing electricity porcelain physics, chemistry lab, product quality is reliable, the function is good, deeply welcomed by domestic and internationsl customers.Welcome old and new customers hold hands together for exploring and developing.圣象集团有限公司是一家专业从事高新技术产品开发、生产和研究的企业。成立于1995年。公司主要以生产和经营高科技、绿色环保、拥有广阔市场前景和发展空间、并且正成为地面铺装材料新的世界潮流、符合中国百姓实际购买力的强化木地板产品为主业，同时也生产和经营实木复合地板、中高密度板材、高密度强化木地板基材、壁纸、新型散热器系统、新型家具板材等建筑装饰材料。目前公司正朝着专业化、网络化、多元化的方向迈进。
ShengxiangGroup Co., Ltd.is a profeional high-tech product development, production and research enterprises.Founded in 1995.Companies operating mainly in the production and hi-tech, green environmental protection, and have broad market prospects and development of space and ground-based pavement materials is becoming a new global trend, in line with the actual purchasing power of Chinese people Laminate flooring products industry, as well as production and Parquet busine, in high-density plate, high-density substrate Laminate flooring, wallpaper, new radiator system, new furniture, building decoration materials such as sheet metal.At present, companies are moving towards specialization, network-based, pluralistic direction.
为实现我们的管理目标，提升公司核心竞争力和可持续发展的战略目标，我们开 展了公司流程化建设的项目规划。2008年是tp的流程标准化年，2009年是tp的流程持续优化年，2010年是tp的流程再造年。tp汽车保险将加快流程化公司建设的步伐，率先实现管理上的突破，真正从管理中要效益，进而将管理发展成公司的核心竞争力。通过三年的流程化建设工作，实现流程的标准化，进而IT化，最终实现管理效率的提升和成本的下降
To achieve our management objectives, enhance the company\'s core competitivene and the strategic objectives of sustainable development,we opened Show the company\'s proce of construction project planning.Tp of 2008 is the standardization proce, 2009 is continuing to optimize the proce of tp, the tp of 2010 is in proce reengineering.tp auto insurance company will speed up the proce of building the pace of management take the lead in achieving a breakthrough, the real from the management to be effective, and will manage to develop into the company\'s core competitivene.Through the proce of building a three-year work, the standardization of procees, and IT, and the eventual realization of management efficiency and decrease costs
中国第一家专业的汽车保险公司---tp汽车保险股份有限公司
tp汽车保险股份有限公司是2004年12月经中国保险监督管理委员会批准设立的全国性金融机构，是中国第一家专业汽车保险公司。公司总部设在上海浦东陆家嘴金融区，注册资本5.5亿元人民币，主要经营机动车交通事故责任强制保险和机动车商业保险，同时还经营企业财产险、家财险、货运险、责任险、短期意外险和健康险等业务。
tp保险开创了中国保险市场上的数个先河，是第一家实行非核心业务外包模式和第一家提供全面汽车安全服务的保险公司。
tp保险所倡导和实施的“基于非核心业务外包的低成本专业化”经营模式正在被业界认可，“tp模式”逐渐成为理论界和实务界讨论的热点。
tp保险倡导“尊重、共享、执行、卓越”的企业文化，秉承“诚信、专业、创新、效益”的经营理念，拥有中国车险市场上具有重要影响力的资深专业人才，结合国际先进的保险技术、管理经验和中国市场实际，着力打造中国汽车保险第一品牌。
目前，公司已在上海、北京、广东、深圳、浙江、江苏、四川、河北、湖北、山东、重庆等地设有11家分公司，在宁波、苏州、东莞、佛山、金华、嘉兴、绍兴等地设有7家中心支公司，天津分公司已获准正在筹建，公司还在成 都建立了全国集中的电话中心，2008年1月，tp电话营销专用车险产品获中国保监会批准。根据tp保险发展规划，2008年公司将在成都建立全国集中的运营管理中心，完成全国主要地区的机构网络布局，为实现业务的快速增长和公司的持续盈利打下坚实的基础。
tp保险的服务已经超越了传统的理赔服务，在为客户提供方便快捷的理赔服务的基础上，tp致力于为客户提供全面的汽车安全服务。围绕“让出行更美好”的使命，tp致力于成为最佳的汽车安全服务提供商。
tp历程
2004年：12月31日，经中国保险监督管理委员会批准tp汽车保险在上海正式开业，注册资本5.5亿元。
2005年：10月，筹建北京、深圳、浙江分公司和宁波中心支公司。
2006年：年初，北京、深圳、浙江分公司和宁波中心支公司正式开业。河北、江苏、四川、广东四家分公司以及绍兴、金华、嘉兴、苏州等中心支公司也相继成立。
2007年：年初，湖北分公司和佛山、东莞中心支公司正式开业。
2008年：2月1日，全国性的电话销售专用产品获中国保险监督管理委员会批复正式面向全国销售。山东、重庆、天津分公司正式开业。
tp模式
tp保险所倡导和实施的“基于非核心业务外包的低成本、专业化”经营模式正在被业界认可，“tp模式”开创了中国财产保险业的先河。tp只做保险公司具有核心竞争力的部分，把产品研发、定价、风险控制等业务环节作为自己的主营方向，而把产品销售、查勘定损、基础服务等环节外包给保险产业链上其他主体。
这一模式不仅使tp保险实现了低成本、专业化的经营优势，并巩固了自身的核心竞争力，而且也为保险中介的发展提供了丰富的业务土壤和广阔的发展空间。
tp管理
2008 年tp汽车保险提出了上市的战略目标，于是治理结构最好、管理最好的管理目标应运而生，
tp将通过建立行之有效、科学严密、高效一致的标准化、制度化、系统化、精细化经营管理流程体系； 通过建立强大的经营管理平台，持续、有效提升公司经营效益和客户服务、运营管理效率、品质，实现在效益、成本、质量、服务和速度等方面业绩的显著提高。
为实现我们的管理目标，提升公司核心竞争力和可持续发展的战略目标，我们开
展了公司流程化建设的项目规划。2008年是tp的流程标准化年，2009年是tp的流程持续优化年，2010年是tp的流程再造年。tp汽车保险将加快流程化公司建设的步伐，率先实现管理上的突破，真正从管理中要效益，进而将管理发展成公司的核心竞争力。通过三年的流程化建设工作，实现流程的标准化，进而IT化，最终实现管理效率的提升和成本的下降
China\'s first profeional car insurance auto insurance Co., Ltd.--- tp
Automobile Insurance Company tp is 12 periods in 2004 the China Insurance Regulatory Commiion approved the establishment of a national financial institutions, is China\'s first profeional automobile insurance.The company is headquartered in Shanghai Pudong Lujiazui financial district, the registered capital of 550 million yuan, mainly engaged in the compulsory motor vehicle traffic accident liability insurance and commercial insurance of motor vehicles, as well as property insurance enterprises, home Insurance, cargo insurance, liability insurance short-term accident insurance and health insurance services.
tp insurance China\'s insurance market and created a few months on the first of its kind, is the first implementation of outsourcing non-core busine model and the first to provide comprehensive security services car insurance companies.
tp insurance advocacy and implementation of the \"non-core busine based on low-cost specialized outsourcing\" busine model is being recognized, \"tp model\" theory and has gradually become a hot topic in industry practice.
tp insurance advocate \"respect, sharing, execution, excellence\" corporate culture, adhering to the \"integrity, profeionalism, innovation, efficiency\" busine philosophy, with the Chinese auto insurance market has an important influence on the experienced profeionals, combined with international advanced insurance technology, management experience and actual Chinese market and strive to build China brand car insurance.
At present, the company has been in Shanghai, Beijing, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Hebei, Hubei, Shandong, Chongqing and other places with 11 branches in Ningbo, Suzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Jinhua, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, etc.Center 7 and has a branch in Tianjin branch has been under preparation, the company also established the National Chengdu centralized call center, in January 2008, tp telemarketing exclusive auto insurance products approved by China Insurance Regulatory Commiion.Tp insurance in accordance with development plan in 2008 in Chengdu will focus on the establishment of the National Center for the operation and management to complete the national network of major areas of the layout for the realization of the rapid growth of busine and corporate profits continued to lay a solid foundation.
tp insurance service has gone beyond the traditional settlement services, providing customers with convenient and efficient service based on the claims, tp is committed to providing customers with a comprehensive security service vehicles.Around the \"Let\'s a better trip,\" the miion, tp is committed to becoming the best provider of automotive safety.
tp course
2004: December 31, by the China Insurance Regulatory Commiion approval of motor vehicle insurance tp officially opened in Shanghai, the registered capital of 550 million yuan.
2005: in October, to build Beijing, Shenzhen, Ningbo, Zhejiang Branch and branch centers.
2006: the beginning of the year, Beijing, Shenzhen, Ningbo, Zhejiang Branch and the Center officially opened branch.Hebei, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangdong and the four branches of Shaoxing, Jinhua, Jiaxing, Suzhou and other centers have been set up branch companies.
2007: the beginning of the year, Hubei Branch, and Foshan, Dongguan center opened branch.
2008: February 1, the national telephone sales of specialty products by the China Insurance Regulatory Commiion officially approved for sale nationwide.Shandong, Chongqing, Tianjin Branch officially opened.
tp mode
tp insurance advocacy and implementation of the \"non-core busine based on low-cost outsourcing, profeional\" busine model is being recognized, \"tp model\" to create China\'s first property insurance industry.tp only insurance company with the core part of the competitivene of the product development, pricing, risk control and other busine segments as its main direction, and product sales, the survey will be damaged, basic aspects of outsourcing services to the insurance industry chain other subjects.
This model not only to achieve a low-cost insurance tp, the operating advantages of specialization and consolidation of its own core competitivene, but also for the development of insurance intermediary busine offers a rich soil and vast space for development.
tp Management
Tp auto insurance in 2008 put forward the strategic objectives of the listing, so the best governance structure, management came into being the best management objectives,
tp will be through the establishment of effective, science and tight, efficient line of standardized, institutionalized, systematic, fine procees of the operation and management system; through the establishment of a strong management platform, sustained, effective to enhance busine efficiency and customer service, operational management efficiency, quality, to achieve efficiency, cost, quality, service and speed significantly improve performance.
To achieve our management objectives, enhance the company\'s core competitivene and the strategic objectives of sustainable development, we opened
Show the company\'s proce of construction project planning.Tp of 2008 is the standardization proce, 6
2009 is continuing to optimize the proce of tp, the tp of 2010 is in proce reengineering.tp auto insurance company will speed up the proce of building the pace of management take the lead in achieving a breakthrough, the real from the management to be effective, and will manage to develop into the company\'s core competitivene.Through the proce of building a three-year work, the standardization of procees, and IT, and the eventual realization of management efficiency and decrease costs
第15篇：法国英文简介
France attracts more tourists than any other country in the world.Tourists come to see France’s splendid scenery.But mostly they come to see Paris, the capital of France.Paris is considered one of the most beautiful cities in the world.For centuries, France has been the center of art and culture in Europe.Some of the world’s greatest artists and writers have worked here.French fashions and cooking are widely admired and copied.
Facts About France
Official name French Republic Capital Paris Official language French Population 64,100,000 people Rank among countries in population 21st Major cities Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse
210,000 square miles Area
544,000 square kilometers Rank among countries in area 47th
Mont Blanc Highest point
15,782 feet/4,810 meters Currency Euro
VARIED LANDSCAPES France is the biggest country in western Europe.Most of the land in the north is flat and close to sea level.Hills cover central and southern France, and huge mountains rise along the country’s borders.The Pyrenees divide France from Spain, its neighbor to the southwest.The Alps mark its border with Italy and Switzerland to the east.Most of France has mild weather.However, the French Alps get plenty of snow.Some of the world’s finest ski resorts are found here.In the southeast, France borders the Mediterranean Sea.The coast along the Mediterranean is called the Riviera.Warm, dry weather and beautiful scenery make the Riviera a famous winter resort.It’s long been aociated with wealth and glamour.THE FRENCH COUNTRYSIDE The French countryside is divided into tidy farms and dotted with pretty towns.Here and there, old castles loom on hills.The castles were built hundreds of years ago, when nobles ruled France.Big rivers, like the Loire and the Seine, provide water for French farms.Canals connect the major rivers in France.People can travel on this network of waterways.The canals are like an extra set of highways.WINE AND CHEESE Vineyards and dairy farms in the countryside produce products for which France is best known.Vineyards grow grapes that are made into wine.Cheese comes from the dairy farms.France produces more wine than any other country in the world.Bordeaux, Burgundy, and Champagne are important grape-growing regions in France.All three have given their names to kinds of wine.France also is known for producing some of the best cheeses in the world.They include Camembert, chèvre (made from goat’s milk), and Roquefort. THE CAPITAL OF FUN Three-fourths of the people of France live in cities and towns.France has ports, such as Marseille, and factory towns, such as Lyon.Paris, however, is by far the most important French city.About 10 million people live in and around this lively and lovely city.Artists have long been drawn to Paris.A famous art movement called impreionism was born here.The best-known museum in France—the Louvre—is in Paris.The Louvre contains one of the world’s most famous paintings, the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci.Tourists also love Paris for its nightlife, restaurants, and sidewalk cafés.They flock to see beautiful buildings such as Notre Dame, a huge church that is more than 700 years old.They visit the Eiffel Tower, a Paris landmark that’s nearly 1,000 feet (300 meters) high.THE BIRTH OF FRANCE Paris was founded more than 2,000 years ago.It was just a small town until the AD 800s.At that time, France was the western part of a big empire built by a tribe called the Franks.The greatest king of the Franks was Charlemagne.He ruled from 768 to 814.After his death, his three grandsons divided his empire.The western part eventually became France.For about four centuries, the kings of France had little power.During a conflict with England, the French came to think of themselves as a nation.The conflict, known as the Hundred Years’ War, lasted from 1337 to 1453.After the war, the power of the French king began to grow.The king’s power peaked with Louis XIV, who ruled from 1643 to 1715.He was known as the Sun King because he took the Sun—the brightest star in our sky—as his symbol.Louis XIV built the world’s grandest palace at Versailles, just outside Paris.All over Europe, people came to think of Paris as a center for art, culture, and fun.THE FRENCH REVOLUTION The fun didn’t last.The king and the members of his court lived splendidly, but the French people were dreadfully poor.In 1789, the poor rebelled.They overthrew the king and the nobles.They demanded liberty and equality for all.These events began the French Revolution, which lasted until 1799.After the revolution, a military leader named Napoleon seized power in France.He led French armies as they conquered much of Europe.Britain and Ruia joined forces to defeat him.TODAY’S FRANCE
France remains a powerful and lively country.It is one of the most important countries in the United Nations.It is also a leading power in the European Union, an organization of European countries.Tourists never tire of Paris and other places in France.More people visit France each year than live there!
第16篇：华盛顿英文简介
华盛顿英文简介
George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S.February 11, 1731][1][2][3]– December 14, 1799) was the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) and served as the first President of the United States of America (1789–1797).[4] For his central role in the formation of the United States, he is often referred to as the father of his country.[5][6]
The Continental Congre appointed Washington commander-in-chief of the American revolutionary forces in 1775.The following year, he forced the British out of Boston, lost New York City, and croed the Delaware River in New Jersey, defeating the surprised enemy units later that year.As a result of his strategy, Revolutionary forces captured the two main British combat armies at Saratoga and Yorktown.Negotiating with Congre, the colonial states, and French allies, he held together a tenuous army and a fragile nation amid the threats of disintegration and failure.Following the end of the war in 1783, King George III asked what Washington would do next and was told of rumors that he\'d return to his farm; this prompted the king to state, \"If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world.\" Washington did return to private life and retired to his plantation at Mount Vernon.[7] He presided over the Philadelphia Convention that drafted the United States Constitution in 1787 because of general diatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation.Washington became President of the United States in 1789 and established many of the customs and usages of the new government\'s executive department.He sought to create a nation capable of surviving in a world torn asunder by war between Britain and France.His unilateral Proclamation of Neutrality of 1793 provided a basis for avoiding any involvement in foreign conflicts.He supported plans to build a strong central government by funding the national debt, implementing an effective tax system, and creating a national bank.Washington avoided the temptation of war and a decade of peace with Britain began with the Jay Treaty in 1795; he used his prestige to get it ratified over intense opposition from the Jeffersonians.Although never officially joining the Federalist Party, he supported its programs and was its inspirational leader.Washington\'s farewell addre was a primer on republican virtue and a stern warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars.Washington was awarded the very first Congreional Gold Medal with the Thanks of Congre.[8] Washington died in 1799, and the funeral oration delivered by Henry Lee stated that of all Americans, he was \"first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen\".[9] Washington has been consistently ranked by scholars as one of the greatest U.S.Presidents.
第17篇：华兹华斯英文简介
William Wordsworth：
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads.
Wordsworth\'s masterpiece is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi autobiographical poem of his early years which the poet revised and expanded a number of times.The work was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem \"to Coleridge\".Wordsworth was England\'s Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.
Biography：
Early life and education The second of five children born to John Wordsworth and Ann Cookson, William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth in Cumberland — part of the scenic region in north-west England, the Lake District.His sister, the poet and diarist Dorothy Wordsworth, to whom he was close all his life, was born the following year.All of his siblings were destined to have succeful careers.His elder brother Richard became a lawyer in London; John Wordsworth rose to the rank of Captain on a merchantman of the East India Company; and the youngest of the family, Christopher, became Master of Trinity College at Cambridge.After the death of their mother in 1778, their father sent William to Hawkshead Grammar School and sent Dorothy to live with relatives in Yorkshire.She and William did not meet again for another nine years.His father died when he was 13.[1]
Wordsworth made his debut as a writer in 1787 when he published a sonnet in The European Magazine.That same year he began attending St John\'s College, Cambridge, and received his B.A.degree in 1791.[2] He returned to Hawkshead for his first two summer holidays, and often spent later holidays on walking tours, visiting places famous for the beauty of their landscape.In 1790, he took a walking tour of Europe, during which he toured the Alps extensively, and also visited nearby areas of France, Switzerland, and Italy.His youngest brother, Christopher, rose to be Master of Trinity College.
Relationship with Annette Vallon In November 1791, Wordsworth visited Revolutionary France and became enthralled with the Republican movement.He fell in love with a French woman, Annette Vallon, who in 1792 gave birth to their child, Caroline.Because of lack of money and Britain\'s tensions with France, he returned alone to England the next year.[4] The circumstances of his return and his subsequent behaviour raise doubts as to his declared wish to marry Annette but he supported her and his daughter as best he could in later life.During this period, he wrote his acclaimed \"It is a beauteous evening, calm and free,\" recalling his seaside walk with his wife, whom he had not seen for ten years.At the conception of this poem, he had never seen his daughter before.The occurring lines reveal his deep love for both child and mother.The Reign of Terror estranged him from the Republican movement, and war between France and Britain prevented him from seeing Annette and Caroline again for several years.There are also strong suggestions that Wordsworth may have been depreed and emotionally unsettled in the mid 1790s.
With the Peace of Amiens again allowing travel to France, in 1802 Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy visited Annette and Caroline in France and arrived at a mutually agreeable settlement regarding Wordsworth\'s obligations
First publication and Lyrical Ballads In his \"Preface to Lyrical Ballads\" which is called the \'manifesto\' of English Romantic criticism, Wordsworth calls his poems \' experimental\'.1793 saw Wordsworth\'s first published poetry with the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.He received a legacy of £900 from Raisley Calvert in 1795 so that he could pursue writing poetry.That year, he also met Samuel Taylor Coleridge in Somerset.The two poets quickly developed a close friendship.In 1797, Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy, moved to Alfoxton House, Somerset, just a few miles away from Coleridge\'s home in Nether Stowey.Together, Wordsworth and Coleridge (with insights from Dorothy) produced Lyrical Ballads (1798), an important work in the English Romantic movement.The volume had neither the name of Wordsworth nor Coleridge as the author.One of Wordsworth\'s most famous poems, \"Tintern Abbey\", was published in the work, along with Coleridge\'s \"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner\".The second edition, published in 1800, had only Wordsworth listed as the author, and included a preface to the poems, which was significantly augmented in the 1802 edition.This Preface to Lyrical Ballads is considered a central work of Romantic literary theory.In it, Wordsworth discues what he sees as the elements of a new type of poetry, one based on the \"real language of men\" and which avoids the poetic diction of much eighteenth-century poetry.Here, Wordsworth also gives his famous definition of poetry askeets \"the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions recollected in tranquility.\" A fourth and final edition of Lyrical Ballads was published in 1805.
Germany and move to the Lake District Wordsworth, Dorothy, and Coleridge then travelled to Germany in the autumn of 1798.While Coleridge was intellectually stimulated by the trip, its main effect on Wordsworth was to produce homesickne.[4] During the harsh winter of 1798–1799, Wordsworth lived with Dorothy in Goslar, and despite extreme stre and loneline, he began work on an autobiographical piece later titled The Prelude.He also wrote a number of famous poems, including \"the Lucy poems\".He and his sister moved back to England, now to Dove Cottage in Grasmere in the Lake District, and this time with fellow poet Robert Southey nearby.Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Southey came to be known as the \"Lake Poets\".[5] Through this period, many of his poems revolve around themes of death, endurance, separation, and grief.
第18篇：洛阳英文简介
洛阳
Located in the West of Henan Province, Luoyang got its name due to its location in the adret of the ancient Luoshui River.It is a historic city with more than three thousand years history.It was the capital city for nine dynasties, including the East Zhou, East Han, Caowei, West Jin, North Wei, Sui, Wuzhou, Late Liang, Late Tang, so it is named as the \"Ancient Capital of the Nine Dynasties\", ranking top one among the seven ancient capitals in China.The Heluo area with Luoyang as the center is the important origin of the Huaxia Civilization.
Luoyang is also one of the top tourist cities in China with its numerous cultural relics.The city has inherited from history such cultural heritages as ruins of the old capital, temples and stone caves, and tombs and steles.
There are many points of interest in Luoyang, such as White Horse Temple, Guan Yu Temple, and Longmen Grottoes.位于河南省西部，洛阳在古代洛河有由于其位置名称。这是一个历史悠久的城市，有三千多年的历史。九代是省会城市，包括东周、东汉、曹魏、西晋、北魏、隋、梧州、梁末，唐末，所以命名为“古都九代”，排名第一的中国七大古都之一。河洛地区以洛阳为中心的华夏文明的重要起源。
洛阳也是中国众多的文物旅游城市之一。城市历史文化遗产继承等作为古都遗址，寺庙和石窟，和坟墓和碑石。
洛阳有很多名胜，如白马寺、关林庙和龙门石窟。
It is said that the tallest Buddha was designed for Emperor Wu Zetian.据说最高的佛像是专为武则天皇帝设计的。
White horse temple is thought to be the birthplace of Chinese Buddhism.白马寺被认为是中国佛教的发祥地。
Guan Yu was born in Shan Xi,but he was buried in Luoyang.关于山，但他被安葬在洛阳。
Luoyang is called as “the peony capital”.洛阳被称为“牡丹之都”。
There are lots of old buildings in Luoyang city.洛阳市有许多古老的建筑。
It was the capital city for thirteen dynasties, so it is named as the \"Ancient Capital of the Nine Dynasties\", ranking top one among the seven ancient capitals in China. 它是十三个朝代的都城，所以它被命名为“九代古都”，在中国古代七大古都中排名第一。
第19篇：吉林英文简介
JiLin province is short for “Ji”.The capital :Chang Chun.It’s not too hot in summer and not too cold in winter.we don’t need air conditioners or even an electric fans.While in winter we just wear t-shirts when you are inside.i remember that last year the southern china suffered a serious hot summer .lucky enough,i succeed in escaping from that suffering by spending the whole summer vacation in my home town.so it’s a very good place to live in.Jilin’s eight major scenic spots 1.Changbai snow (Changbai Mountain scenic spot)
长白仰雪
2.historical charm of King City (Koguryo Historical Site)
历史的魅力王城
3.history of the palace (Changchun Puppet Manchu Palace
历史的宫殿
4.crowing from three borders (Fangchuan scenic spot) 鸡鸣三疆
5.glacial lake jumping fish (Chagan Lake winter fishing) 冰湖腾鱼
6.Xianghai flying cranes (Xianghai scenic spot) 湘海景区
7.chilling river and hoary willows (Jilin rime at Songhua Lake) 雾凇
8.Jingyue Shenxiu (Jingyuetan scenic spot)净月神秀
The Changbai Mountain
One of “China\'s ten famous mountains” Changbai Mountain
China\'s deepest lake-Tianchi
This is the water fall.The water from lake-Tianchi wind its way down the Changbai Mountain Winter fishing in chagan lake became very famous because of the TV program “A bite of China ”so i am a little worried about the fish there! rime （雾凇） is so beautiful!
one of the “four wonders of China\" is Jilin rime Changchun is also a motor city and a film city. Thank you for watching and listening!
第20篇：犀牛英文简介
Rhino is a general term for mammalian Rhinocerotidae, mainly distributed in Africa and Southeast Asia, is the largest Periodactyla animal, is second only to the elephant big land animal.All the rhinoceros basically is short legs, body stout.Body fat and clumsy, body length of 2.2 ~ 4.5 meters, shoulder high 1.2 ~ 2 meters; weight 2800 ~ 3000 kg, thick rough, and into folds are arranged on the shoulder and waist etc.; indumentum thin and hard, or even large glabrous; ear was oval, a large head and long, short and thick neck, long lip extending the head; solid horn or double angle (some no female angle), originated in the dermis, angle off can still life; no canine; tail short and thin body, yellow, brown, black or gray.
犀牛是哺乳类犀科的总称，主要分布于非洲和东南亚，是最大的奇蹄目动物，也是仅次于大象体型大的陆地动物。所有的犀类基本上是腿短、体粗壮。体肥笨拙，体长2.2~4.5米，肩高1.2~2米;体重2800~3000千克，皮厚粗糙，并于肩腰等处成褶皱排列;毛被稀少而硬，甚或大部无毛;耳呈卵圆形，头大而长，颈短粗，长唇延长伸出;头部有实心的独角或双角(有的雌性无角)，起源于真皮，角脱落仍能复生;无犬齿;尾细短，身体呈黄褐、褐、黑或灰色。
In Africa, the action of saving the rhino orgasm, heavily armed poachers in order to gain invaluable horns, unscrupulous everywhere seizing extensively throughout East Africa.makes the fate of endangered rhinos.Currently, the government decided to adopt protectionist policies in Africa, Zimbabwe has been the permiion of the government anti-poaching patrols.To protect the remaining rhinos, poaching can be shot on the spot, therefore, and rhino poachers die in this
tragedy, human greed and ignorance in the film degenerate Lane revealed.
在非洲，拯救犀牛的行动已经达到高潮，全副武装的偷猎者为了去取得价值连城的犀牛角，不择手段、到处掠取、足迹遍及东非各地，使得犀牛濒临绝种的命运。目前，非洲政府决定采取保护政策，辛巴威反盗猎巡逻队员已得到政府许可，为了保护仅余的犀牛，可以当场枪杀盗猎者，于是，盗猎者与犀牛都在这场悲剧中同归于尽，人性的贪婪、堕落与无知在本片里表露无遗。
