各科练习题
说明：此练习题仅供辅导教师和考生在复习过程中进行练习及掌握考试题型之用，不是复习重点。请考生按照大纲进行全面复习。
政治理论
一、概念解释题
哲学的基本问题、商品、抽象劳动、价值规律、剩余价值、可变资本、实践、人民内部矛盾、党的三大优良作风、和平共处五项原则、感性认识、理性认识、主要矛盾、矛盾的普遍性、民主集中制、社会主义核心价值体系
二、辨析题
1．实践性是马克思主义哲学的唯一特点。
2．对新事物要肯定一切，对旧事物要否定一切。
3．具体劳动创造使用价值，抽象劳动创造价值，所以它们是两类独立存在的劳动。
4．市场经济以市场作为资源配置的基础性手段，但它并不排斥国家对经济的宏观调控。
5．发展才是硬道理，这里所说的―发展‖是指经济发展。
6．马克思主义认识论是以实践为基础的能动的革命的反映论。 7．内因和外因作为同时存在的内部和外部的联系，对事物发展起着相同的作用。 8．社会主义公有制的实现形式可以而且应当多样化。 9．革命是解放生产力，改革是发展生产力。
10．中国共产党领导的多党合作与政治协商制度是中国的一项基本政治制度。
11、改革、发展、稳定三者之间的关系是辩证统一的。
12、实践作为检验真理的标准，既是绝对的又是相对的，是确定性和不确定性的统一。
13、社会主义民主政治只是为社会主义经济基础服务的有力手段。 14.未来社会是一个自由人联合体。
15.代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，必须妥善处理人民内部的各种利益关系。 16.我们党的执政地位不是一劳永逸、一成不变的。
三、简答题
1.简述马克思主义产生的社会历史条件。 2.马克思主义的三个理论来源是什么？
3.马克思根据社会关系的历史发展与人的个性发展的内在联系把人的发展划分为哪三个大的历史阶段？
4.简述马克思对生产与消费之间关系的论述。 5.列宁是如何论述唯心主义的认识论根源的？
6.列宁是如何论证对立统一规律是辩证法的核心和实质的？ 7.列宁关于辩证法和形而上学两种发展观的论述。 8.毛泽东是如何论述社会主义社会基本矛盾的？ 9.简述毛泽东关于人的自觉能动性的论述。
10.毛泽东是如何阐述“一般和个别相结合”工作方法的？ 11.如何理解毛泽东提出的“独立自主”方针？
12.邓小平是如何论述解放思想与实事求是二者之间关系的？
13.邓小平关于我国处在社会主义初级阶段这个重要论断的基本涵义是什么？ 14.为什么说社会主义和市场经济不存在根本矛盾？
15.为什么说没有民主就没有社会主义，就没有社会主义现代化？ 16.科学发展观的基本内涵是什么？
四、论述题
1.马克思关于资本主义积累的历史趋势的论述及其重大意义。
2.列宁关于“利用资本主义，建设社会主义”的思想及其重大意义。 3.邓小平对社会主义根本任务的论述及其重大意义。
4.运用历史唯物主义关于社会存在与社会意识辩证关系的原理说明大力发展社会主义先进文化，建设社会主义精神文明的重大意义。
5.论如何把代表最广大人民根本利益的要求落到实处。
6.毛泽东“关于事物矛盾问题的精髓”的论述及其重大意义。 7.论党的群众路线及其重大意义。
8.论邓小平关于“一国两制”的构想及其重大意义。
现代管理学
一、概念解释题
一般意义上的管理、管理的系统观念、管理的人本性、管理客体的系统性、确定型决策、管理的权变观念、管理的战略观念、磋商激励、不确定型决策、舆论监督、风险型决策、尊重激励、管理艺术、审计监督、经济监督、管理的经济方法
二、辨析题
1、管理的二重性是指管理过程中既有科学性又有艺术性。
2、管理幅度与管理层次呈正比例关系，即管理幅度越大，管理层次越多；管理幅度越小，管理层次越少。
3、按管理者的职责，可分为高层管理者、中层管理者和基层管理者。
4、管理机构的设计要坚持精简效能的原则。
5、管理就是以信息处理为中心。
6、以实现战略任务的途径分类，可分为企业发展战略、地区发展战略、部门发展战略和领域发展战略。
7、管理的权变观念强调权宜应变的科学性。
8、经济监督就是指的财政监督，即预算监督、预算外资金监督和财务监督。
9、有了管理的主体和管理的客体，就可以构成一个完整的管理活动。
10、管理的权变观念的核心内容，就在于管理效果完全取决于组织与环境之间的适应性。
11、一切管理客体都是客观存在的事务，因此一切客观事物都可以成为管理的客体。
12、系统理论认为，自然界和人类社会所构成的一切系统都是开放的。
13、管理的择优观念就是坚持选择最优和最佳的方案，以及最优的管理方法。
14、管理过程的最后一项职能是评价，评价既是管理过程的归宿，又是管理过程的出发点。
15、宏观经济政策，是国家中央政府为调控经济的有序和有效运行而制定的，因而它的调节作用是直接的。
16、经济方法运用的主要形式，就是通过市场来进行生产要素的基础性配置。
三、简答题
1、什么是管理的创新性？
2、管理者应具备的职责是什么？
3、为什么要树立组织适应环境的观念？
4、20世纪60年代兴起的系统管理学派，认为系统管理有什么特点？
5、为什么说决策是管理工作的核心？
6、简要说明监督的功能。
7、去年以来， 中央银行多次提高了存款准备金率，这种举措属于哪个管理方法？对现实经济调控有什么作用？
8、现代管理所讲的决策是广义的决策。理解广义决策应把握哪些要点？
9、管理机构的设计为什么要坚持责、权、利相一致的原则？
10、目标管理和传统的计划管理的主要区别是什么?
11、简述激励的作用。
12、为什么说决策是各级管理者的主要职责？
13、为什么要坚持超前监督的原则？
14、简述实施的特点。
15、为什么要坚持评价的激励性原则？
16、权变观念在管理中有什么作用？
四、论述题
1、人类社会的任何管理活动都有其一定的目的，即要达到一定的目标。因此，制定科学先进的和切实可行的管理目标是非常重要的。请您结合我们的工作实际，谈谈制定目标应遵循的原则。
2、对经济、社会发展等各个方面作出重大决策，是管理者特别是管理的领导者的重要职责，是管理工作的核心。决策正确与否，直接影响到经济、社会的发展水平和效率的高低。这方面，不论是企业还是地方各级政府，都有着成功的经验和失败的教训。请您结合实际，说明科学决策应遵循的原则。
3、管理过程结束以后，需要对其所获得的管理成绩和效果进行相应的评价，从中汲取经验和教训，以不断提高管理工作的水平。但在现实工作实践中，不少管理者往往对评价这一环节有所忽视，或者说重视不够。请您结合实际，谈谈评价在管理中的作用。
4、现代管理活动中，复杂多变的经济、社会及政治环境，要求管理者必须“高瞻远瞩”，把握事物未来的发展趋势；必须“胸有全局”，把握事物内部和外部的本质联系。所谓“高瞻远瞩”、“胸有全局”，就是指管理主体要确立管理的战略观念。请您联系实际，谈谈确立战略观念在现代管理中的地位和作用。
5、决策并不是简单的“拍板定案”，而是一个复杂的科学过程，要按照和遵循一定的程序进行。现实工作中，有一些管理者对这一科学程序重视不够，有的知之甚少。为了保证决策的科学化和民主化，请您说明决策过程中所要遵循的程序。
6、在过去漫长的计划经济时代里，我们习惯于用行政方法管理经济。但在今天的市场经济条件下，固然也离不开行政的方法，但它有明显的局限性，过分地运用它，会妨碍经济的发展。请您结合现实，谈谈行政方法的局限性以及如何正确地运用行政方法。
7、管理活动的效果和效率，很大程度上取决于管理中的人，特别是作为管理主体的人。如何用人，既是一门科学，更是一门艺术。请您结合自己的工作实际，谈谈用人的艺术。
8、近年来，中央一再提出以人为本、执政为民的理念，强调重视和优先解决民生问题。请您联系实际，说明为什么要树立以人为本的管理观念，即树立人本观念的必然性。
法理学
一、简答题
法律移植；法的制定；法的效力；法律关系；法律意识；霍菲尔德的权利；法律监督的意义；法律制裁和法律责任的关系；法律实效和法律实施的关系；法的特征；法的现代化与法的国际化；资本主义法律的基本特征；法的规范指引与个别指引的区别；法律后果的含义及分类；法治与法制的关系；法律制定的程序。
二、辨析题
法律实施；法律渊源；法律规范的种类；法律适用的原则；公法和私法；解释的种类；普通法；法律渊源的分类；《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》；我国法律的空间效力；法律规则的构成要素；法的局限性；两大法系；资本主义法和封建主义法；法律体系和立法体系；一般法和特别法。
三、材料分析题
1、最高人民法院的《公报》和判例法；
2、司法机关的职权和地位；
3、刑事法律的性质和地方性法规；
4、责任法定原则；
5、国家机关分工负责、互相监督、相互制约；
6、违法行为、法律责任和法律制裁的关系；
7、法律和道德的关系；
8、实质推理；
9、广义的法律和狭义的法律；
10、司法的基本原则；
11、法的本质；
12、法律的稳定性和适应性；
13、立法必须坚持的原则；
14、唯物主义法学原理；
15、广义和狭义的法律监督；
16、经济基础和法律的关系；
四、论述题
1、法的局限性；
2、法律适用上一律平等的原则；
3、当代中国法律解释体制；
4、我国法渊源的形式；
5、当代中国的法律监督；
6、法律规范的种类；
7、法的作用；
8、当代中国法适用的原则。
英语
一、单项选择
1.When I was young, I ________ to school every day.A.was walking B.walked C.had walked D.had been walking 2.Continuing education claes give some adults the chance ________ new skills.
A.learn
B.to be learning
C.to learn
D.to have learned 3.Because of ________ you have done, things become much worse.
A.that
B.whom
C.which
D.what 4.These questions ____C__ at tomorrow’s meeting.
A.have been discued
B.had been discued C.will be discued
D.shall be discued
5.It is ____ in spring than in autumn.A.warmer
B.more warm
C.warmest
D.most warm 6.Mi White has been a secretary __________.
A.every year
B.since 1997 C.ten years ago
D.in 1997 7.I called on her and found that she ________.A.went abroad
B.go abroad C.had gone abroad
D.has gone abroad 8 Telephone ________ in our everyday life.A.being used
B.uses C.is used
D.is using 9 The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear of
B.to hear C.hearing from
D.heard 10.The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.
A.first playing
B.to be first played
C.first played
D.to be first playing 11.When they arrived, the game ________.A.already start B.already started C.have already started D.had already started 12.Those books ________ to the library next Monday.A.can return
B.can be returned C.can returned
D.can return to 13.I’m sorry, but smoking ________ here.A.is allowed
B.is not allowed C.will be allowed
D.will not allow 14.They got to the bus station ________ than you did.A.more late
B.later C.more later
D.late 15.He talked of the people and books ________ interested him.A.who
B.whose
C.that
D.whom 16.Excuse ________, may I ask you a question? A.I
B.my
C.me
D.us
17.They never knew that pollution ________ a big problem. A.become
B.would become C.is going to
D.does become 18.You ________ where you leave your things.A.always forgets B.forget C.will always forget D.are always forgetting 19.He doesn’t live in the city, ________ ?. A.isn’t he
B.doesn’t he C.is he
D.does he 20.Now she is leaving London.She has stayed here ________.A.after 1980 B.in 1980 C.for 1980 D.since 1980 21.________ meeting will be put off (推迟) till next Monday.A.Tomorrow’s
B.Tomorrows’ C.Tomorrow
D.Tomorrows 22.The house ________ is very nice, but the compound (院子) is too small.A.himself
B.herself
C.itself
D.oneself 23.I told him not to go, but he ________ not listen.A.will B.would C.shall D.should 24.This time last year, Tom ________ with his friends in London.
A.stayed
B.was staying C.is staying
D.stays 25.Let’s ________ and get something to eat.
A.to go
B.go
C.going
D.goes 26.When they arrived at the airport, the plane ________.A.already take off B.already took off C.have already taken off D.had already taken off 27.Those books ________ to the library next Monday.A.can return
B.can be returned C.can returned
D.can return to 28.They got to the airport ________ than you did.A.more late
B.later C.more later
D.late 29.He talked of the people and books ________ interested him.A.who
B.whose
C.that
D.whom 30.He was writing an e-mail ________ I was watch TV in the hotel room.A.as soon as
B.after C.until
D.while
二、阅读理解
(1) I have often thought it would be a bleing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.Darkne would make him more appreciative of sight, silence would teach him the joys of sound.
Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see.Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed.―Nothing is particular,‖ she replied.I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.How was it poible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch.I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf.I pa my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, of the rough bark of a pine.In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening nature after her winter’s sleep.Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song.I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers.To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things.If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight.Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little.The panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted.It is human perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullne to life.If I were president of a university, I should establish a compulsory course in ―How to Use Your Eyes‖.The profeor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what paes unnoticed before them.He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties.1.According to the text, it would be a bleing if________.
A.every human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life
B.every human being is stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life C.every human being is stricken blind and deaf D.every human being were stricken blind and deaf 2.Which of the following is the author’s opinion about the seeing people? A.Most of the seeing people see little.B.The seeing people cherished their gift of sight very much.C.The seeing people use their power of sight to the full.D.The seeing people use their gift of sight as a means of adding color to life.3.The author could not see by sight, but she ______.A.could find hundreds of things to interest her through mere touch B.knew more than the seeing
C.was very optimistic and could ―see‖ more than the seeing D.both A and C
4.According to the text, why would it be a bleing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life? A.Because darkne would make him more appreciative of sight, and silence would teach him the joys of sound.B.Because people seldom cherish what they have and if they lose what they have for a short time they would cherish what they have much more.C.Because people are always longing for what they don’t have.D.both A and B 5.We can infer from the text that _______.A.though the author was blind, she loved life and she knew well how to add fullne to life B.the author was a president of a university C.the author established a compulsory course in ―How to Use Your Eyes‖ D.the author appreciated little what she had and longed for what she had not.
（2) We use both words and body language to expre our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms, or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings.Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.Making eye contact – looking directly into someone’s eyes – is in some counties a way to show interest.In other countries, however, eye contact is rude or disrespectful.The gesture of OK, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, has different meanings in different cultures.In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero.In Brazil and Germany, however, the gesture is rude.The thumbs-up gesture, meaning ―great‖ or ―good job‖ in the US, is rude in Nigeria, but in Germany and Japan it means the number one.The ―crazy‖ gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means ―you have a phone call‖ in Brazil.
While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.A good way of saying ―I am full‖ is moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal.If a person pats his or her stomach before a meal, it usually means ―I am hungry‖.
Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile.A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can open doors and tear down walls.It can be used to expre almost any emotion.We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation.We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger.And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.6.We can get information about a person’s feelings from ________.A.his words B.the way he stands C.the way he folds his arms or move his hands D.both his words and his body language 7.Eye contact ________.A.has different meanings in different cultures B.is rude or disrespectful C.has the same meaning in all the countries D.is a way to show interest 8.A good way of saying ―I’m full.‖ is ________.
A.moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal B.resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand C.patting the stomach before a meal D.Both A and C 9.The ―crazy‖ gesture means ________ in Brazil.A.great B.the number one C.you have a phone call D.none of above 10.The gesture for OK, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, ________.A.all of the following B.means money in Japan C.means zero in France D.has different meanings in different cultures
(3) A man came home from work late again, tired and irritated, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door.―Daddy, may I ask you a question?‖
―Yeah, sure, what is it?‖ replied the man.―Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?‖
―That’s none of your busine! What makes you ask such a thing?‖ the man said angrily.―I just want to know.Please tell me, how much do you make an hour?‖ pleaded the little boy.―If you must know, I make $20.00 an hour.‖
―Oh,‖ the little boy replied, head bowed.Looking up, he said, ―Daddy, may I borrow $10.00 please?‖
The father was furious.―If the only reason you wanted to know how much money I make is just so you can borrow some to buy a silly toy or some other nonsense, then you march yourself straight to your room and go to bed.Think about why you’re being so selfish.I work long, hard hours every day and don’t have time for such childish games.‖
The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door.The man sat down and started to get even madder about the little boy’s questioning.How dare he ask such questions only to get some money.After an hour or so, the man had calmed down, and started to think he may have been a little hard on his son.Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10.00, and he really didn’t ask for money very often.
The man went to the door of the little boy’s room and opened the door.―Are you asleep, son?‖ he asked.―No daddy, I’m awake,‖ replied the boy.
―I’ve been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier,‖ said the man.―It’s been a long day and I took my aggravation out on you.Here’s that $10.00 you asked for.‖ The little boy sat straight up, beaming.―Oh, thank you daddy!‖ he yelled.Then, reaching under his pillow, he pulled out some more crumpled up bills.The man, seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again.The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at the man.―Why did you want more money if you already had some?‖ the father grumbled.
―Because I didn’t have enough, but now I do,‖ the little boy replied.―Daddy, I have $20.00 now.Can I buy an hour of your time?‖ 11.What do you know about the man?
A.He made a lot of money.
B.He often came home from work late.
C.He often went to work late.
D.He spent lots of time taking care of his son.
12.Why was the boy waiting for his father at the door?
A.Because he mied his father very much.
B.Because he was hungry.
C.Because he wanted to borrow some money from his father.
D.Because he had good news to tell his father.
13.The man went to talk to his son because ________.
A.he thought he might have been a little hard on his son.
B.he wanted to ask his son some questions.
C.he wanted to find out whether his son was asleep or not.
D.his son was crying in his bedroom.
14.The boy wanted to borrow some money from his father because ________.
A.he wanted to buy a toy with the money
B.he wanted to buy a birthday present for himself
C.he didn’t have any money
D.he didn’t have enough money to buy an hour of his father’s time
15.What is the main idea of the paage?
A.Parents should give their children some pocket money.
B.Parents should not neglect (忽视) their children no matter how busy they are.
C.Parents should not be hard on their children.
D.Children can buy time from their parents.
(4) You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying, when you are at school.School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people.But this is not always easy.What can you do if you just don’t like one of your clamates?
If you discover that you have problems getting along with your clamates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance.Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others.We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other.Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently.Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad.Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and open mind.You need to remember an old saying, ―treat others how you want to be treated‖.You would like to be treated kindly by your clamates, so it is important to treat them kindly too.If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it.No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in.Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone’s lives easier.Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests.The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.16.According to the author, what is tolerance? A.Tolerance is the ability that we have to change the way that other people do.B.Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others.C.Tolerance is a weapon to fight against the enemy.D.Tolerance is the way to discover whether you have problems getting along with your clamates or friends.17.What does tolerance function (起作用) in getting along with your friends? A.It makes you change who you are and what you believe.B.It can help us understand why people do things differently.C.It warns us to keep an even tempter and open mind.D.It is important for us to learn tolerance.18.Why is tolerance important? A.Because it will make everyone’s lives easier. B.Because it will make everyone get on better with each other.C.Because it teaches us to respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.D.All of the above.19.―Treat others how you want to be treated‖, what does the sentence mean?
A.If you want to be treated kindly, you should treat others kindly too.B.If someone treats you badly, you will treat them kindly. C.You should change yourself to tolerate others.D.Others should change themselves to tolerate you. 20.Which of the following is true according to the paage? A.If you tolerate something, you must change yourself.B.Tolerance can make you get on better with your clamates or friends, for it teaches you to keep an even temper and open mind.C.We can live happily with other people by changing the way they do.D.Practicing tolerance can not make any change in your life for the world is different.
(5) I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble.
One time when I was taking a final test, the girl next to me whispered something, but I couldn’t understand.So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen.She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write.I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after we turned in all the test papers, the teacher asked me to stay in the room.As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she mentioned how important it was to stand on your own feet and be responsible for my own acts.For a long time she talked about honesty and emphasized that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves.She made me promise that I wouldn’t think seriously about what she said, and then she told me I could leave.I walked out of the room wondering why she chose to talk to me about all these things.Later on, I found out that she thought I was cheating on the test.I tried to explain about the pen, but what she said was that it seemed very strange to her that I didn’t mention anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test.To this day, I am sure she continues to believe that I had cheated on that test.Appearances can be deceiving and it is difficult to know how others will perceive our action.21.Why did the girl say something to me in a low voice? A.Because she wanted to have a look on my paper. B.Because she couldn’t work out the question on the paper.C.Because she wanted to ask me for a pen.
D.Because she wanted me to give her the answer to the questions.22.Why did the teacher let me stay after cla? A.She wanted to give me a gift.B.She wanted to talk with me.C.She wanted to tell me a story.D.She wanted to make me do some cleaning.23.What did the teacher think about me? A.She thought I was not mature (成熟的).B.She thought I was an honest person.C.She thought I did a right thing.D.She thought I was cheating in the exam.24.Why didn’t the teacher believe that I didn’t cheat on the test? A.She saw I was cheating with her own eyes.B.Someone else told her about it.C.She thought if I didn’t cheat I would tell her the truth of the pen.D.She couldn’t believe anything I said.25.What can you infer (推断) from the paage? A.We can’t judge from the appearance (表面).B.We shouldn’t help others in the exam.C.We should tell the teacher in time if we help others.D.We shouldn’t cheat on the test.
(6) We all have certain habits and we can have good habits or bad habits.This paage gives us some advice on how to be healthy.It tells us what we must do if we want to keep ourselves fit.Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.This is an old English saying.It means that we must go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning.Is this true? Perhaps it is.The body must have enough sleep.Children, for instance, need ten hours’ sleep every night.If we do not go to bed early, we cannot have enough sleep.Then we cannot think or do our work properly.We will not be wise or live a comfortable life.Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning.This is not good for them.We must sleep at night when it is dark.The dark helps us to sleep well.When daytime comes, we must get up.It is the time for exercise.Exercise means doing something with the body.Walking, running, jumping, swimming, playing games are all good forms of exercise.If the body is not used, it becomes weak.Exercise keeps it strong.Exercise helps blood to move around inside the body.This is very important.Blood takes food to all parts of our bodies.The brains in our heads also need blood.We think with our brain.If we can keep our bodies healthy, and do exercises, we can think better! Our bodies also need air to breathe.Without air we cannot live.We must have plenty of clean, fresh air to breathe if we want to be in good health.
So, people often sleep with their room windows open because they want to have plenty of clean, fresh air to breathe.In brief, you don’t know what happine is until you lose it; you don’t know what health is until you are ill.―Health is of vital importance to life‖ sounds like a cliché to everyone, but it is absolutely true.26.Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.What does this statement mean? A.If one goes to bed early, he would be a wise man.B.If one gets up early, he would be a wealthy man.C.If one goes to bed early and gets up early, he would be a wealthy man.D.It is very important for us to form healthy habits.27.According to the text, if we don’t have enough sleep, ________.A.we won’t live comfortably B.we will do our work correctly C.we will think properly D.we will be wise 28.Exercise is ________.A.to do something with the body B.to do more homework C.to do more drills (训练) D.to get up early in the morning 29.Why is exercise helpful for health? Because ________.A.it helps us to sleep properly.B.people will die soon if they do not have enough exercises C.it helps take nutrition (营养) to every part of the body with blood circulation (血液循环) D.it helps us to think and do our work properly.30.Why do people often sleep with their room window open? A.Because they want enough clean and fresh air to breathe.B.Because they feel hot at night.C.Because they want to look after their garden.
三、英译汉
1.At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things.If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight.Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little.The panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted.It is human perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullne to life.2.Which of your feelings do you let other people know about? Which do you keep to yourself? Sometimes it’s a good thing to say what you feel.At other times it’s better to keep quiet about your feelings.Sometimes it’s hard to know exactly what you feel.At other times feelings are so strong that you can not control them.People from different cultures have different ways of dealing with feelings.It is said that English people are cold.If they do feel anything, they will not let other people know.3.The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door.The man sat down and started to get even madder about the little boy’s questioning.How dare he ask such questions only to get some money.After an hour or so, the man had calmed down, and started to think he may have been a little hard on his son.Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10.00, and he really didn’t ask for money very often.The man went to the door of the little boy’s room and opened the door.―Are you asleep, son?‖ he asked.
4.One hot summer day, Profeor Rudd decided to take his children to the beach.The seaside town he planned to visit was a three-hour train ride away.To make the trip more interesting for his young children, he kept the name of the town a secret.Unfortunately, by the time Rudd had arrived at the train station, the poor forgetful man had forgotten the name of his destination himself.Luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station.He offered to take care of the children while Rudd went back home to find out where he was going.5.The home of bees is called a bee-hive.Here hundreds — even thousands — of bees live.They work day and night building small walls of wax.Here they make their honey.This is the same honey that we eat.Where does the honey come from? Bees live on food from flowers.Have you ever seen bees flying around a flower garden? When a bee rests on a flower, it tries to go to the center of it.There it takes in as much food as its body can hold.Then it carries the food back to the hive.6.How do bees know where to find the best food in the sweetest flowers? One bee acts as a guide.When it discovers good flowers, it flies back to the hive to tell the others.It does this by dancing for them.The bee dances on one side.This tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers, but that is not all.The bee dances for some time, and the length of its dance tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers.When the other bees see the dance, they know where the flowers are.They fly away and return with more food for the hive.
