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学院
2012届毕业论文
题 目
Love and Hatred----Analysis on the Theme in Wuthering Heights 学生姓名 学 号 系 部 专 业 班 级 指导教师
外语系 商务英语 商务英语【二】 【】 【讲师】
二零一二年四月
Acknowledgements
My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Profeor **** , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance.She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis.Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.Second, I would like to expre my heartfelt gratitude to Profeor***, who led me into the world of translation.I am also greatly indebted to the profeors and teachers at the Department of English: Profeor**** , Profeor*** who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.
Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years.I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow clamates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis
Abstract: \" Wuthering Heights\" this novel came out and did not get the attention of the public, but later because of its portrayal of a prolonged forgotten characters, Catherine and Heathcliff and the two people destined to lost love anemae core description, is this novel into English literature is one of the most respected and popular love story.In\" Wuthering Heights\", Emily has managed to create a story of love and hate.We moved to Catherine and Heathcliff \'s paion, shocked at Heathcliff \'s cruel revenge.Hatred with love, love incite hatred, finally, love defeated hatred and rebirth.
Key words: \" Wuthering Heights\" literature love hate
Contents
1.Introduction 2.Heathcliff’s characteristic duality 2.1.Heathcliff’s natural kindne and love 2.2.Heathcliff’s cruelty, selfish and hatred 3 Heathcliff’s love and hatred
3.1.Love between Catherine and Heathcliff 3.2 The hate of Heathcliff 3.21.His revenge to the first generation 3.22.His revenge to the second generation 3.23.The results of his revenge 4.Conclusion
1.Introduction The novelist of Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte, lived in the thirties of the nineteenth century when the struggle between the workers and capitalists became the fundamental contradiction in English social life.The great misery of the workers led to an upsurge of labor movements and the organization of the workers into unions.The crying social contradictions were reflected in literary works of the time and a new literary trend-critical realism appeared.The critical realists not only gave a satirical portrayal of the bourgeoisie and all the ruling claes, but also showed profound sympathy for the common people.Emily was the fifth child of a poor clergy man, and the whole family lived on the wild moors of the North of England.The Bronte children kept very much to themselves and had to depend entirely on their own resources.They loved walking on the moors, and Emily in particular developed a paionate love of the rough moorland scenery; at home, they read whatever they could lay their hands on and lived more and more in the world of imagination.Emily had a poetic imagination which was a spirit more somber than sunny, more powerful than sportive.According to her sister Charlotte Bronte, “Emily was clever, benevolent, but very stubborn.Stronger than a man, simpler than a child, her nature stood alone.”
Wuthering Heights was the only novel of Emily Bronte, but it had an unchangeable place in the literary world.The very story began when Hethcliff, a homele orphan, was brought up by Mr.Earnshaw, the owner of Wuthering Heights.Soon the boy and the owner’s daughter, Catherine, became inseparable fiends and had wild paion wtth each other.But after the old owner’s death, his son, Hindley abused Hetheliff and treated him as a servant.Catherine continued her close relationship with him, which released him from his suffer a little.However, after meeting Edgar Linton, a young gentleman form Thrushero Grange, Catherine felt it would be a degrading for her to marry Hethcliff though
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She loved him dearly.Overhearing this confeion, Hethcliff disappeared in a rage of shame and despair, and was not heard for many years.Heart-broken for the lo of her beloved, Catherine fell badly ill and later married Edgar.Just shortly after their marriage, Hethcliff returned with surprisingly good manners and wealth, and set about seeking revenge on all who had wronged him.He deviously lent money to the drunken Hindley in order to increase his debts and finally got Wutherin Heights.He married Isabella, Edgar’s sister, and treated her as a tool to enrage Edgar and inherit Thrushcro Grange.Catherine, torn between her lover and husband, became very ill and died in childbirth.Unbearable without Catherine, Hethcliff grew even crueler to his enemies.He raised Hindley’s son, Hareton, as a common labor without education.He then forced Edgar and
Catherine’s daughter, young Catherine, to marry his sickly son, young Linton.
Though cruelly revenged himself on the tow families, Hethcliff got no happine at all but grew more miserable in the memory fot Catherine.At last, he died of starvation and went with Catherine’s soul together on the moors.The novel Wuthering Heights are full of love and hatred which are both conflicted and combined.The impreive, relentle and vigorous love arouses implacable emotions in depth of the reader’s heart with its ultimate paion, infatuation and great miseries.The hatred form the deepest bottom of the heart, which has bought so many pains, shocks the reader’s brain.In the following paage we will learn the story together through analyzing the different kinds of love, the hatred caused by love and the rebirth of love defeats hatred.2.Heathcliff’s characteristic duality 2.1.Heathcliff’s natural kindne and love
Heathcliff was like a blank paper when he was firstly brought to Wuthering Heights, He was pure and only had his natural ideology.When he was in a new place,
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he felt strange and kept silent.Gradually, there was something appeared in this blank paper.Influenced by kindhearted Mr.Earnshaw, his natural kindne was stimulated.When Mr.Earnshaw died, Heathcliff was desperately grieved and set up a heart-breaking cry.From that we can see his natural kindne.Heathcliff also had strong love in his heart.It’s a kind of natural and pure love.He loved Catherine more than himself.His love to Catherine was faithful and long-lasting.When Catherine was engaged with Edgar Linton, he left Wuthering Heights.He had never left Wuthering Heights before for any reason, even when Hindley treated him very badly.When he returned Wuthering Heights with money and power, he still loved Catherine.His happine could only be gained from Catherine’s love.He took revenge on people who had mistreated him and got what he wanted, but he didn’t feel happy, because he mied Catherine.At last, he committed
suicide with a dream to meet Catherine.It’s obvious that his love for Catherine was very strong.2.2.Heathcliff’s cruelty, selfish and hatred
Heathcliff loved Catherine so much that he should have tried his best to make his beloved Catherine happy.However, his vengeful machinations drove him cruel and made his heart full of hatred.He changed his strong but frustrated love to cruelty.When he became a powerful, fierce and cruel man, he acquired a fortune and used his extraordinary powers of will to acquire both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcro Grange, the estate of Edgar Linton.He killed Hindley and also took revenge on Catherine, Hareton, Cathy and Linton.He loved Catherine so much, but he didn’t think for her, instead he made her heartbroken.So he is also very selfish.He abused Isabella who was the sister-in-law of Catherine just to win Thrushcro Grange.So Heathcliff himself was a contradiction.He had natural kindne, but he became very cruel when he returned Wuthering Heights and started taking revenge on others; He had strong love in heart, and he loved Catherine more than himself, but he didn’t think for Catherine’s life, and made Catherine heartbroken.His heart was full
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of hatred, so he took revenge on people whom he hated.3 Heathcliff’s love and hatred
3.1.Love between Catherine and Heathcliff We see the intense and unbreakable love between Catherine and Heathcliff.Their love was based on their shared perception that they were identical, and it denied difference or change over time.When they were children, they shared a lot of common and had wild paion for each other.Both of them were wild, high-spirited and always spend a whole day playing games on the moors together.They also
enjoyed fighting against conventions and religious beliefs in spite of being punished severely.They were proud and arrogant by teasing Edgar and Isabella, the two spoiled and coward children of Thrushcro Grange.They got on very well and enjoy the happinest of life during their early childhood.At that moment, their paion was the putest children’s love.After Mr.Earnshaw’s death Heathcliff was abused cruelly and treated by Hindley as a servant, allowed no education and forbidden to have further contact with Catherine.His life became miserable and his malevolence for Hindley grew more and more.But Catherine insisted her close friendship with him, which more of le released his pain.They loved each without considering the unbridgeable gap of their different social positions.However, after spending five weeks recuperating at Thrushcro Grange Catherine seemed to have become a ladu and realized her different social status from Heathciff.Though she loved him more than anything else in the world, she was fashioned by Edgar’s handsome face,gentle behavior and weathy family.Heathcliff only hear that she would marry Edgar and didn’t hear her love promise to him, so he left her in great despair.During Catherine’s last days, Heathcliff met her, the two lovers embarced tightly and kied with tear.They knew they would be separated again by death, which neither of them could bear.After Catherine’s death, Heathciff cried from his deep heart:“I believe-I know that ghosts have wandered on earth.Be with me always-take any form-drive me mad! Only don’t leave me in this aby,
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where I cannot find you! Oh, God! It is unutterable! I cannot live without my life! I cannot live without my soul!” Love is the foundation of his life, once he loses his love, his life become meaningle; however, his love never vanishes with Catherine’s death.As for Heathcliff, readers find it hard not to sympathize with his unfortunate, and readers find it hard not to be moved by his deeply love.Readers is to pity for his unfair destiny.Finishing the novel; most readers have forgiven him because the character of Heathcliff has not only his deep hatred for everyone else, also the strong love of Catherine, and this love deeply shake most readers.He is definitely not a devil without human feelings, he has tremendous emotion, he loved so deeply that just like a burning fire, the love between Heathciff and Catherine draws an eternal Love, which shakes the whole human, even ghost.Even we can say that his cruelty is merely an expreion of his frustrated love for Catherine.In Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff imprints deeply in readers’ heart. 3.2 The hate of Heathcliff 3.21.His revenge to the first generation Isabella writes to Nelly, “Is Mr.Heathcliff a man? If so, is he mad? And if not, is he a devil? … A tiger or a venomous serpent coul not rouse terror in me equal to that which he wakens.” Nelly says he is “rough as a saw edge and hard as whinstone!” Even Catherine says: “What is Heathcliff—an unreclaimed creature, without
refinement—without
cultivation;
an
arid
wilderne
of
furze
and whinstone.”(Zhang, 2005) we can find that Heathcliff has changed; he becomes a devil, a murderous animal, just as a tiger, a lion, wolf.He becomes a beast.His hate is beyond his love.As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he abuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more.He marries Isabella for revenge.We can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still masochistically, insisit on seeing him as a romantic hero.“I have no pity! I have no pity! The more the worms writhe, the more I yearn to crush out their entrails! It is a moral teething; and I grind with greater energy, in proportion
to the increase of pain.”(Bronte, 2004) we can find it that he becomes mercile, hard-hearted, ruthle and inhuman, and his revenge is cold, cruel, and even incomprehensible.His hate derived from his love, he can not bear the betrayal of Catherine.He uses his whole life and power to revenge anyone he hates.Besides, in chapter 15, Heathcliff speaks harshly to Catherine, who is dying, saying, “You deserve this.You have killed yourself.”Distraught, Catherine sobs that “I forgive you.Forgive me! Holding her responsible for breaking both of their hearts, Heathcliff considers her the murderer of both of them and tells her, “I forgive what you have done to me.I love my murderer---but yours! How can I?” From these words, we can find it although he loves Catherine; he can not forgive her betrayal.His hate is beyond his love.3.22.His revenge to the second generation
6 His revenge to the second generation is the climax of his hate.Some critics dismi the plot of the second generation as being a simple retelling of the first story; however, in doing so, they are dismiing the entire second half of the book.Clearly, in order to appreciate fully Wuthering Heights, and understand his inner heart attention must be paid to his revenge to the second generation.Edgar tells little Cathy: “Heathcliff is a most diabolical man, delighting to wrong and ruin those he hates, if they give him the slightest opportunity.”(Zhang, 2005) These imply that he is completely swallowed by hate, and his mind apart from hatred- no other objects.Revenge has occupied his whole life, and even become his instinctive needs.He is a devil and revenger and his revenge become a truth.He becomes a fierce, pitile, wolfish man.
3.23.The results of his revenge The results of his revenge are: he gets Hindley into his clutches and finally drive him to drink himself to death.Edgar dies of grief.He also torments Isabella to death; both Wuthering Heights and thrushcro Grange, however, his revenge let him live alone.Just as he says to Nelly: “my mind is so eternally secluded in itself; it is
tempting at last to turn it out to another.” （Bronte,2004） From these we can see: he is losing connect with the society, and he has no man to listen to him.In fact, his revenge is ridiculous. 4.Conclusion Wuthering Heights is generally considered one of the most original works.In many aspects, it is unique and has no counterparts in mode as well as the love and hate of him.Even the English great writer Maugham (2007) once said: “I don\'t know to still have which novel among them pain and sufferings of the love, be addicted to, ruthlene, persist, described ever and thus and astonishingly.” Wuthering Heights is not just a sentiment romance novel.It is a presentation of life, an eay on love, hate, revenge, the entanglement of love and hate, and a glimpse at relationships.When we read the novel, we are in no position to pa our comment on them, to say who is right
7 and who is wrong, because they are not to be judged by common sense or conventional morality.In Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff and Catherine, both of them imprint deeply in readers’ heart, after reading this novel, you will forgive Catherine’s betrayal, and you will be touched by Heathcliff’s love.Heathcliff’s love is a disobedience of the society, though both of them are dead, yet their love overcomes death, and their love becomes an eternal.Love is the most beautiful part in humanity while hatred is the twisted humanity.
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