曹姗（2012年安徽英语状元）
英语要大声朗读，我基本上每天早起读英语或新概念，朗读是一个培养语感的好办法，有助于在解题没有明确依据的情况下提高答案正确率。
坚持阅读训练，达到英语能力和应试能力的统一需要做一定量的题目，尤其是阅读和完形的成绩的提高需要一个过程，不会立杆见影，一定要有毅力和耐心同时要会总结。我从高二起每天做两篇阅读一篇完形，做完后仔细思考做错的题，思维有什么偏差，出题者到底想考什么，逐渐使自己的思路接近命题者。
高考英语阅读题:阅读新闻报道类短文注意六个个方面
在高考阅读理解中屡屡出现，已经引起了我们师生的注意。我们考生在阅读新闻报道类短文时，应该注意以下几个方面：
一、如果有标题的话，要重视新闻报道文章的标题
标题通常点明短文的主题思想，例如：通过某文的标题Old Computers Make for Unhappy Workers Survey说明本篇报道的主题就是陈旧电脑设备导致工人不满，并告知读者这是一份调查报告。但是高考试卷中的大部分新闻报道都会有意识地删掉标题，以考查考生对主题思想的归纳概括能力。
二、重视对新闻报道文章导语部分
由于高考试卷中的大部分新闻报道短文都会有意识地删掉标题，因此全文的主题和论点这时必须通过理解和分析导语部分来获得。考生可以从导语部分的开头来了解该新闻报道的来源和时间，如通过本文开头Beijing 读者可以了解到该篇报道是由中国国内报道的。如果是New Yoke ，那么考生就会知道这篇报道是来自于美国方面的报道。因此考生要想掌握新闻报道的主题或论点概况，必须仔细阅读导语。导语(1ead)就是指新闻报道的第一段或第
一、二段(例如上文的第一段)，它是新闻报道最基本内容的概括和浓缩，它通常反映新闻报道的主题或论点。
三、重视每个段落的链接
新闻报道通常结构看似比较松散，而实际上并非如此。新闻报道的正文主要对导语部分所提供的主题信息的相关细节进行叙述或议论。新闻报道在叙述或议论过程中其正文部
分往往由很多短小的段落组成，但是这些短小的段落确是按照一定的时间、逻辑或空间等顺序进行展开，环环相扣，因此结构仍然很紧密。
四、重视新闻报道文章的阅读方法
英文报刊的新闻报道和中文报刊一样，都在真实的原则下，力求简洁生动，有吸引
力，能快而准地给读者提供信息，传达时事为此，作者往往开门见山，将一则消息的主要
内容浓缩在第一段里，使读者一看就能略知此新闻报道的主题思想。所以说新闻报道的
第一段是全文的精华和缩影，我们必须重视对该段的阅读和分析。·
五、重视和熟悉新闻英语的常用短词
由于报刊的篇幅有限，新闻报道在词汇的使用上也力求删繁就简，即以短词取代长词，其用词强调简明扼要，切中要害。新闻标题中常见的缩写词主要有三种：
1.组织机构的简称，如CPC中国共产党，CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议，UNESCO联合国教科文组织，EEC欧洲经济共同体，NATO北大西洋公约组织，OPEC石油输出国组织，IRA爱尔兰共和军。
2.表示职务或职业特征的各种人物名称，如MP国会议员，VIP重要人物，DJ无线
电唱片音乐节，目广播员。
3.某些大家熟悉的事物名称，如TB肺结核，DJI道琼斯指数，UFO飞碟(不明飞行物体)，USO不明潜水物体。此外，新闻标题还广泛使用简缩词，即通过“截短法”或“缩短法”构成的截头;去尾或把两个词各取一部分合在一起而构成的短词。
六、重视新闻报道分类阅读理解指导
1.记叙类的新闻报道阅读理解指导
对于记叙类的新闻报道，考生应在了解短文主题思想的前提下，认真阅读和分析新
闻报道的正文部分，从中了解到何人、何事、何时、何处、何因以及方式等六大要素以及这些要素的变化和发展情况，从而对整个事件有个详尽的认识和理解。高考对记叙类的新闻报道阅读理解的命题主要考查考生对细节理解和分析能力，通常从报道细节进行命题，如事实理解与判断、因果方式判断、语序排列判断等，偶然也有全文或段落主题归纳、写作目的判断等。
2.议论类的新闻报道阅读理解指导
对于议论类的新闻报道，考生首先应对新闻报道的导语部分准确分析把握它的核心论点，然后对新闻报道的主体部分认真阅读和分析，明确作者的观点和态度或其中主要人物的观点与态度，弄清短文为支持论点(或分论点)所提供的各个论据及其逻辑关系;梳理短文所提供的各种数据;如果是辩论类新闻报道，考生还要分析正方观点、反方观点及其相应的论据。
3.说明类的新闻报道阅读理解指导
对于说明类的新闻报道，考生首先弄清该篇新闻报道说明或介绍的主体是什么，然后再从主体部分了解主体事物的起源、结构、性能、特征、历史变迁、发展前景、社会影响等。【高考预测一】
An unusual group of musicians from the land of Mozart have just starteed a nine-day European tour.
The First Viennese Vegetable Orchestra (管弦乐队) from Austria contains eight musicians, one sound technician and one cook.
This mix of people may seem strange until you know the orchestra play instruments they have carved (雕刻) out of vegetables.At the end of the performance, the cook cuts up the instruments and makes a tasty vegetable soup for the audience.
It takes the band about half an hour to make a carrot flute (长笛).Other instruments include eggplant cymbals (茄子铙钹) and pumpkin (南瓜) drums.Microphones make the vegetable sounds loud enough for the audience to hear.
\"The audience has the poibility of enjoying what they just heard,\" the band said.\"We 2 employ a real cook for the preparation of the soup so it is indeed tasty and very special.\"
1.Which of the following should be the best title of the paage?
A.A Special Orchestra B.Uses of Vegetables
C.A Special Meal D.Eatable Instruments
2.From this paage we can infer that ______.
A.all the musical instruments are made by a cook
B.vegetables can be excellent materials for musical instruments
C.the shapes and sizes of the vegetables decide what kind of instrument they will be made
into
D.the cook makes the band famous and particular
3.Which of the following is true according to the paage?
A.Music produced by the vegetable instruments is especially sweet.
B.The sound produced 【高考预测二】
Some of the best-known names in the entertainment industry have taken part in an unprecedented telethon to help victims of the terrorist attacks in the United States.
The benefit(义演), called “America: a Tribute to Heroes,” was sponsored by all four major U.S television networks, ABC,CBS, FOIX and NBC.It was broadcast by three-dozen television, cable and radio networks acro the country and aired live to more than a hundred countries around the world.
Hollywood stars joined music entertainers in asking listeners and viewers to pledge cash donations to charities helping the victims of the September 11th attacks.
Actors, including tom Hanks, Julia Roberts, tom Cruise and Clint Eastwood, told stories of heroic acts by people who tried to save others from the burning World trade Center and the Pentagon.Former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali made a rare public appearance in show of support.
The appeals alternated with performances by such popular entertainers a Bruce Springsteen, Mariah Carey, Steve Wonder, Paul Simon and the rock band U—2.
They appeared on stages in New York, Los Angeles and London, decorated with hundreds of burning candles.
Singer Billy Joel sang “ New York State of Mind” with a New York City firefighter’s hat on his piano.Sting dedicated his song “ Gragile” to a friend who died in the World Trade Center.Stevie Wonder condemned hatred in the name of religion before singing his song “ Love’s in Need of Love today”.Pledge phones were manned by dozens of other celebrities, including Jack Nicholson, Meg Ryan, Whoopic Goldberg, Cindy Crawford, Al Pacino and Sylvester Stallone.
Organizers say the two-hour telethon raised millions of dollars.All participants, from stars to stagehands, worked without pay.
1.Those who appeared on stages were ______. 3
A.some best-known names in the USA B.some famous singer, film stars and other music entertainers C.People who tried to save others from the burning World trade Center and the Pentagon.
D.Former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali and Hollywood stars
2.The underlined word “ telethon” most probably means ______.
A.a performance to raise money
B.a concert held by some television networks C.a television program which lasts a long time D.a television program for entertainment
3.Which of the following statements is True?
A.Four major U.S.television networks broadcast the benefit B.The former heavy weight champion Muhammad Ali sang a song to show his support C.Billy Joel, wearing a firefighter’s hat, played the piano for the listeners and viewers
D.The organizers, stars and people who worked for the benefit didn’t get any money for themselves.
4.The best title for the news report is ______.
A.U.S Telethon Raises Money for Attack Victims
B.Best-known names Pledge Donations
C.Seeking More Support
D..A Tribute to Heroes
Paage 1(’03·北京·A篇) A newspaper in Helsinki,Finland,recently published a cartoon of a baby with a mobile phone,telling his parents that his diaper(尿布) needed changing.But it\'s hardly a joke.Helsinki is home to Nokia,the mobilephone maker.It\'s one of the most “mobile”cities in the world.About 92 percent of its households have at least one mobile phone.And the kids start young.“A relatively normal age to get a mobile phone is now 7,”says Jan Virkki,marketing manager for a mobile phone company.Among the second graders at the Kulosaari Elementary School,the most popular object of desire this year is not a Barbie or a Gameboy.It is a Nokia mobile phone with a picture of their own choice on the screen. 4 “One of the first things we discu when school starts is the rules for mobile phones,”says Tiia Korppi,a teacher.Among the rules:You have to put it away out of sight.You cannot turn it on.You cannot send text meages to your friends,or play amusing tunes(令人发笑的曲调)in cla,or call your parents or call for a pizza during history.1.The author uses the newspaper cartoon to show that ________ .A.he is good at telling jokes B.he cares much for children C.mobile phones are toys for newborn babies D.mobile phones are widely used in Finland 2.The paage is mainly about__________ A.different uses of mobile phones B.a succeful mobilephone maker C.effect of mobile phones on children D.school rules for the use of mobile phones Paage 2(’02·上海·A篇) The wedding took place in a Birmingham hotel.The bride and her father arrived in a new black American sports car.Her father looked nervous and uncomfortable in front of the cameras.The bride wore a silk wedding dre.She smiled nervously at the waiting photographers and went to a room on the first floor where she met her future husband for the very first time.Carla Germaine and Greg Cordell were the winners of a radio station\'s competition.The aim of the competition was to find two strangers prepared to marry without having met each other.Mi Germaine,23,is a model.Mr Cordell,27,is a TV salesman.They were among the two hundred people who entered for a peculiar “experiment”organized by BMRB radio in Birmingham,England.Greg and Carla were among eight finalists who were interviewed live on radio.They took a lie detector(测谎仪) test and the station also spoke to their friends and family about their personalities.The competition judges included an astrologer (占星家)who eclared that they were suited.The couple celebrated their wedding with a wedding breakfast and a party for 100 guests in the evening,but not everyone shared their joy.Mi Germaine\'s mother looked anxious throughout the wedding and Mr Cordell\'s parents are reported to be le than delighted.Organizations,including the marriage guidance service Relate,have criticized the marriage.As one person put it,“We have enough problems getting young people to take marriage seriously without this.Marriage should always be about love.”
The couple are now on a Caribbean honeymoon followed by journalists.Their other prizes include a year\'s free use of a wonderful apartment in the centre of Birmingham,and a car.But will it last? 1.How did the couple\'s parents react to the wedding? A.The bride\'s mother shared their joy.B.The bride\'s father felt uncomfortable about the wedding.C.The bridegroom\'s parents were quite delighted.D.The bridegroom\'s parents were not that joyful. 5 2.Some experts believe that _______ .A.marriage without the couple\'s meeting each other first ends up in divorce B.young people nowadays are too carele about marriage C.taking a lie detector test can not solve all the marriage problems D.most young people take marriage seriously except this couple 3.One of the prizes for the couple is _______ .A.to spend their honeymoon wherever they like B.to use an apartment free for some time C.to have a wedding dre free D.to own an American sports car 4.Which of the following is the best title of the paage? A.Two Strangers and a Wedding B.A Wedding Based on Love C.A ShortLived Marriage D.A WellMatched Couple Paage 3(’02·京、皖、蒙·春季·E篇) Sometime today—perhaps several times—Dick Winter will think about the 19-year-old who saved his life.Because of this young man, Winter enjoys things like friendships, colours and laughter every day.The young man saved Winter\'s life by signing an organ donor card(器官捐献卡).“I can\'t say thank you enough,” Winter said yesterday at a news conference marking the tenth anniversary of the Multi Organ Transplant program at Toronto General Hospital.What Winter knows of the 19yearold who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honour his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation.His liver(肝脏) went to Winter, who was dying from liver trouble.“Not a day goes by that I don\'t think of what a painful thing it must have been for them，”Winter said yesterday.“They are very, very special people.”
Winter, 63, is fitter now than he was 10 years ago, when he got the transplant.He has five medals from the 1995 World Transplant Games in swimming and hopes to collect some more next year in Japan.“At one time, we were probably strange people in the eyes of other people.Now it\'s expected you should be able to go back and do everything you did before, only better.”
The biggest change for Winter, however, isn\'t that he has become a competitive athlete.The biggest change is how deeply he appreciates every little thing about his life now.“I have no time for arguments,” said Winter.“You change everything.Material things don\'t mean as much.Friendships mean a lot.”
Also at yesterday\'s news conference was Dr Gray Levy, Winter\'s doctor.Levy said he has bittersweet feelings when he looks at Winter and hears of his athletic exploits. 6 Levy knows that for every recipient(接受者) like Winter, there are several others who die even though they could be saved because there aren\'t enough donated organs.“For every Mr Winter,we have five to 10 people that will never be given the chance that Mr Winter was given，” Levy said.Levy said greater public awarene and more resources are needed.He noted that in Spain and the United States, hospitals receive 10,000 per donor to cover the costs of the operating room, doctors, nurses and teams to work with the donors\' families.1.Which of the following is true about the 19-year-old? A.He died of liver trouble.B.He got wounded in a battle.C.He was willing to donate his organs.D.He became a recipient of a prize.2.What do we learn about Dick Winter? A.He is becoming le competitive now.B.He is always thinking about his early life.C.He knows all about the young man and his family.D.He values friendships more than material things.3.Dr Levy would agree that ________.A.Spanish hospitals have more favorable conditions for organ transplant B.the Canadian public have realised the importance of organ donation C.Spanish hospitals received more money from the donors D.Canadian hospitals now have enough donated organs 4.What\'s the author\'s purpose in writing this article? A.The public should give more support to organ transplant.B.Transplant patients are thankful for the help they receive.C.Transplant can change a patient\'s life greatly.D.It is not easy to get organs for transplant.Paage 4(’01·上海·C篇) Britain\'s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110.Mr John Evans had never found the time or the money—to make the trip from his home near Swansea.But, when British Rail offered him an all expenses paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen.Mr Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century.“There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings (1 shilling=1/20 pound) return from Swansea—too much I thought.All my money went to the family then，” he said.During the next two days Mr Evans will be taken on a whistle stop tour of London to see the sights.Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament(国会).The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired.“I don\'t like the chair busine—people will so think I am getting old，” he said.His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized—no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger.Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped, “I\'m glad to see they\'ve given me a return ticket.”
7 1.It was reported that Mr Evans\'s healthy long life was to a certain extent due to his________ .A.wine drinking B.proper smokingC.mild temper D.sense of humor 2.Which of the following statements is true? A.A single trip from Mr Evans\'s home to the White City used to be ten shillings.B.The first place for Mr Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.C.He appreciated people\'s arrangement of a wheelchair during his visit.D.Mr Evans once made the journey to London at the turn of the century.3.The word “quip” in the last sentence most probably means ________.A.to make a witty remark B.to expre a happy meage C.to make a wish D.to tell a joke 4.What might be the best title for this paage? A.110-Year-Old Tourist B.Secret for Long and Healthy Life C.Free Return Ticket D.Sightseeing in London Paage 5(’00·全国·A篇) New York, 10 November—5:27pm,yesterday.Biggest power failure in the city\'s history. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts.Martin Saltzman spent three hours between the 21st and 22nd floors of the Empire State Building.“There were twelve of us.But no one panicked.We paed the time telling stories and playing word games.One man wanted to smoke but we didn\'t let him.Firemen finally got us out.”
“It was the best night we\'ve ever had,”said Angela Carraro,who runs an Italian restaurant on 42nd Street.“We had lots of candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays.The place was full—and all night, in fact, for after we had closed, we let the people stay on and spend the night here.” The zoos had their problems like everyone else.Keepers worked through the night.They used blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm.While zoos had problems keeping warm, supermarkets had problems keeping cool.“All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted,” said the manager of a store in downtown Manhattan.“They were worth $50,000.”
The big electric clock in the lobby(大厅)of the WaldorfAstoria Hotel in downtown Manhattan started ticking(滴答) again at 5:25 this morning.It was almost on time.1.Throughout the period of darkne, Martin Saltzman and the eleven others were ________ .A.nervous B.excited C.calm D.frightened 2.In what way was the night of November 9 the best night for Angela Carraro? A.She had a taste of adventure.B.Burning candles brightened the place.C.Busine was better than usual.D.Many people stayed the night in her restaurant.3.How long did the power failure last? A.Nearly 12 hours.B.More than 12 hours.C.Nearly 24 hours.D.More than 24 hours.
8 【参考答案及简析】
实战演练一：
1.A 综合归纳题：由全文内容可知这是一支特殊的管弦乐队，因为他们的乐器全部都是用蔬菜做成的。
2.C 归纳推断题：不同的蔬菜不同的形状，可以做成与之形状相对应的乐器。
3.C 推断题：由“Microphones make the vegetable sounds loud enough for the audience to hear.”可知由蔬菜做成的乐器发出的声音是很微弱的。
4.C 词义猜测题：本题考查对单词的“sound technician”的理解。由文中可知它是“录音师、调音师”的意思。
5.B 总结归纳题：由全文得到启示，普通的东西可以制作成有趣的东西。
实战演练二：
1.B综合归纳题：由全文可知登台进行义演的人包括著名的影星、歌手还有其他音乐方面的知名人士。
2.C推断题：本题考查对“telethon”这个单词的理解。由课文前两段可知。
3.D判断题：由全文内容可知只有最后一个选项正确。
4.A归纳题：由全文内容可知美国电视台、电台为罹难者进行募捐。
Paage 1(’03·北京·A篇) 【解析】1.考查理解作者意图的能力。文章一开始作者提到一个婴儿手持手机的卡通形象，引出在芬兰手机使用广泛，孩子们很小就拥有手机这一事实。答案为D。
2.考查归纳主旨大意的能力。通篇文章叙述的是手机对孩子的影响。C是正确的。A选项文中未提及；B选项不是文章描写的重点；D只是文章第三段的主要内容，属细节。答案为C。 Paage 2(’02·上海·A篇) 【解析】1.这是一道细节题。第三段最后一句话“Mi Germaine\'s mother looked anxious„and Mr Cordell\'s parents„be le than delighted.”说明新娘的母亲不是A选项中的 9 “shared their joy”；B选项中新娘的父亲的感受并没被提及；而C选项正和文中新郎父母的反应相反。答案为D。
2.这是一道细节题。短文倒数第二段最后两句说明，现在的年轻人对婚姻的态度很草率。A选项文中并没提及，而且事前没见面的婚姻也不一定以离婚而结束。D选项太过绝对，而且第二段专家的观点是针对目前普遍存在的现象，这对夫妻只是一个例子而已。答案为B。 3.这是一道细节题。最后一段第二句话告诉我们，他们的奖品还包括免费使用一套公寓和一辆汽车一年。答案为B。
4.这是一道题目选择题。这篇新闻报道报道了一对新婚夫妇在结婚前没有见过面，完全是陌生人(strangers)，并报道了婚姻专家们对此作出的看法。所以，题目应是Two Strangers and a Wedding。答案为A。
Paage 3(’02·京、皖、蒙·春季·E篇) 【解析】1.这是一道细节题。从第五段可知这位19岁的青年人自愿把自己的器官捐献出来。答案为C。
2.这是一道细节题。从第十二段可知Dick Winter珍视友谊胜过物质。答案为D。
3.这是一道细节题。从短文最后一句话可看出Levy医生认为西班牙的医院有更适合器官移植的条件。答案为A。
4.这是一道文章主旨的概括题。全篇内容作者所叙述的是19岁青年向Winter捐赠器官，使Winter获救，以及Winter对生活和友谊的珍视。表明作者对器官移植的支持和颂扬，说明他希望公众支持器官移植。答案为A。 Paage 4(’01·上海·C篇) 【解析】1.这是一道细节题。从最后一段第一句话“His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized—no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger.”可知，老人长寿的秘诀是“不喝酒、不吸烟、不生气”。答案为C。
2.这是一道细节题。A选项中的单程车费应是5先令，从第二段“There was a trip to the White City„return from Swansea”,其中“return”是往返的意思。第四段第一句表明C 选项是错误的。D选项与文中第二段的叙述不符。答案为B。 3.这是一道猜义题。从老人所说的话“I\'m glad to see they\'ve given me a return ticket.”可知，他是用一种诙谐的语气说的。答案为A。
4.这是一道概括文章主旨题。从整篇短文的内容可知，主要讲述了一位百岁老人参观伦敦的新闻报道。答案为A。
Paage 5(’00·全国·A篇) 【解析】文中第二段说“There were twelve of us.But no one panicked,we paed the time elling stories and playing word games.”从此句中可以看出他们并不“panicked(惊慌)”，而且讲故事、玩字游戏，说明他们很镇静。答案为C。 1.第三段中说Angela Carrara是一个餐馆老板，停电的那天晚上，他家餐馆整晚爆满。“The place was full—and all night.”答案为C。
3.这是一道时间推算题。从文中提供的线索，从“10 November—5∶27 pm，yesterday.Big gest power failure„.”到“The big electric ticking„started ticking again at 5∶25 this morning”，可以算出答案为A。
