八年级讲解
一单元
语法:一般现在时
一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g.He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.3)表示客观真理 e.g.There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”其句式变化可分为两种情况
1)表示动作， 一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2） 单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。 E.g.Jenny speaks English very well.Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be动词的要在be上做变化.E.g.Danny is a good student.Danny isn’t a good student.Is Danny a good student? 其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、in the morning(afternoon evening)
、every day 等。
做题时常见错误如下：
一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中Eg：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.知识点: 1.on weekends 是固定词组,用于一般现在时
2.movie常用于复数,=go to the cinema=go to the films 3.表示次数的说法 once twice three times four times ～～～～～～ 4.how often /how long /how soon /how far
5.all常用于Ｂe /助动词／情态动词后，实义动词后．Eg:They are all teacher.They all go to school .6.no=not any Eg:I have no money =I don’t have any money 7.exercise 动词时＂运动，锻炼＂，Eg: You should ofen exercise. Exercise 名词时＂体育锻炼，运动＂是不可数名词，＂练习，体操＂是可数名词． Ｅg:It’s good for us to do________every day.(eye exercises) Walking is good ________.(exercise) 8.want 的用法
９.be good for “对～～有好处＂ Eg: Reading books is good for you .
Be good to “对～～善良，慈爱＂Eg:My teacher is good to us.10．Be in good /poor health “身体好／不好”adj =healthy
11.sleep 动词时“睡觉”名词时“睡眠”Eg:Did you sleep well last night?=Did you have a good sleep last night? adj=sleepy 12.try to do sth“努力做某事”Eg:I will try to help you.13.look after=take care of “照顾，照看”
14.hard/hardly adj=“困难的，勤奋的，严厉的”adv=“努力地，剧烈地”hardly “不可能的” 15.maybe /may be 16.although=though“虽然~~但是”，不能与but 连用，可以转换。
Eg:He works hard although/though he is in bad health= He is in bad health but he works hard.17.help sb do sth =help sb with sth “帮助某人做某事” 18.keep in good health=keep healthy习题: 1.Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work 2.One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has 3.We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain 4.He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 5.Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen 6.Jenny____ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied 7.I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.8.._____your sister_____(know)English? 9.Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school.10.The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.11.Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 12.Who_____(想要 )to go swimming? 13.______she_____(do) the housework every day? 14.Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon 二单元
语法:生病/should的用法 知识点: 1.what’s wrong with sb/sth=what’s the matter with sb/sth=what’s the trouble with sb/sth? 2.have a +病情“的了某些病”Eg:I have a toothache.She has a bad cold.3.good /well/ok的区别
4.should +动词原形Eg:You should take off your shoes before you go to bed.5.believe +sb/believe that +句子 Eg: I believe you . I believe that he can come.6.too much /too many /much too 区别
7.little/a little /few /a few 区别
8.IT is +adj+to do sth Eg: It is very hard to understand English.9.need to do sth 否定 needn’t to do sth 疑问 need 在前，但肯定回答要用must.否定用needn’t.Eg:Need I go now?Yes,you must.No,you needn’t.10.be sorry to do sth“对~~~感到难过”Eg: I am sorry to hear that.三单元
语法：一般将来时
表示将要做某事，或计划做某事时要用到句型：be+doing+表示将来的时间 Eg:I am going shopping this morning.He is visiting his grandparents for vacation.否定在Be 后+not.疑问是把Be放在句子前 知识点：
1.go +ving句型
go shopping/swimming/boating/skating/walking/sightseeing
do+some shopping/washing/cooking/reading/speaking/cleaning 2.how about =how about 3.something/anything/不定代词要放在形容词前
Eg:Is there anything wrong? I have something interesting to tell you.4.plan to do sth 5.forget /remember to do sth/ doing sth Eg:I forget to tell her about it. I forget telling her about it.6.finsihing doing sth
7.leave+for “前往某地”Eg: When will you leave for Canada? 四单元
语法：交通工具/take 花费的用法
By +交通工具，前无冠词Eg:I often go to school by bus/car/ship.On/in 后也可加交通工具，但要加冠词或物主代词，on通常指大型交通工具或自行车。In通常指小型的交通工具。 Eg:I went to the Great Wall on a train.
People usually go to work in their cars.I usually ride a bike to school=I usually go to school on a bike.It takes sb some time to do sth “做某事花费了某人~~时间” Eg:It takes me two hours to go to school every day.Take +the 交通工具
Eg: I often take the bus to school.知识点: 1.most of 后的谓语动词单数和复数决定在于of后的名词 Eg:Most of students are girls.Most of the mooncake is bad.2.must be 表示肯定时的猜测, can’t be 表示否定时的猜测 Eg:He must be a nurse..
He can’t be nurse.3.others/other/one~the other 4.be different from >
5.a number of +名词复数,谓语动词也要用复数形式Eg: A number of students go to the net bar every day.6.think of =think about +v ing形式 7.question/problem 区别 五单元
Can you come to my party? 语法：情态动词can 的用法
can +v原型
1.意为“能；会”等。
Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？ Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗？
2.意为“可以；能”等。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，用于否定句表示不允许。例如：
Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？You can’t play basketball.你不能玩篮球。
3.表示可能。例如：
He can be at home now.他现在可能在家。 The moon can’t always be full.月亮不可能常圆。
4.在变否定句时，直接在我后加上“not”,可缩写成can’t或cannot, 但不能写成cann’t。例如：
He can swim.→ He can’t swim.
5.I can see an orange on the table.→ Can you see an orange on the table?
其回答可用Yes, OK或Certainly等作肯定回答；用No或Sorry等作否定回答。例如：
—Can you look after my books, please? 你能照看一下我的书吗？ —OK.可以。
—Can I see your guitar? 我能看看你的吉它吗？
—Certainly.当然可以。 知识点: 1.on Saturday afternoon 在具体的某一天用on
2.have to“不得不”,单三为has to/ must 3.have a piano leon =take a piano leon 4.another 通常用于三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个事物，表示“另一个，再一个” Eg:This pair of shoes is too small for me,Please show me another pair. One the other 通常指两者中的一个
Eg:I have two best friends, one is Lida,the other one is Sally.5.Thanks for doing sth “谢谢做某事” Eg: Thanks for helping me.6.what’s today?=what day is it today?今天是星期几？
What’s the date today?“今天是几号” 7.invite sb to do sth “邀请某人做某事” 8.be busy with doing sth”忙于做~~~~~~~”
be busy with sth “忙于~~~~~”
9.call sb /ring sb /give sb a call/ give sb a ring/phone sb /telephone sb都可以意为“给某人打电话” 10.keep +sth +adj”保持某事怎样” Eg:you should keep your body healthy.11.dicu sb with sb”与某人讨论某事“eg:I am discuing the question with my clamates.12.come over to sw”顺便到某地拜访“Eg: please come over to my office after cla.六单元：I’m more outgoing than my sister 语法：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
英语中大多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。
一、原级：形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面结构： 1.表示比较的双方程度相等，用”as„as”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，即 A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B.e.g.John is as tall as his brother.He is as careful as I(me).2.表示比较的双方不相等，一方不如另一方，用”not as/so„as”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，即 A + be + not as/so + 形容词原级 + as + B.e.g.John is not as tall as his brother.Sue is not as/so tall as Jim.3.表示一方是另一方的几倍,用“twice/three times(表示倍数的词)＋as＋形容词原级＋as”结构。 This room is twice as big as that one.
二、比较级：
1.把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，一方程度超过另一方，就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是： A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B.e.g.Jackie is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackie.2.表示“„„是两者中较、更„„的一个”，比较级前用冠词the e.g.He is the taller of the two boys.3.表示“越来越„„”，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more＋原级”结构。 e.g.The weather is getting warmer and warmer.Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.4.用比较级代替最高级，用“比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数”或“比较级＋than＋the other＋可数名词复数”句型
e.g.He is taller than any other boy.He is taller than the other boys.5.表示“一方是另一方的几倍”，用“twice/three times/etc.＋比较级＋than”句型
e.g.John can read twice faster than I (me).＝john can read twice as fast as I (me).
三、最高级：
1、三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是： A + be + the 形容词最高级 + of / in + 比较范围.(Note: 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the) e.g.Jackie is the tallest in our cla.（主语和比较范围不是同一属性） Jackie is the tallest of all the students.（主语和比较范围是同一属性）
2、“(a)most＋原级＋（名词）”表示“（一个）非常„„的（„„）” e.g.This is a most interesting story.He was a most thankful to us.
3、表示“其中最„„的一个”，用“one of ＋最高级＋名词复数” e.g.China is one of the most oldest countries in the world.
四、形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化 规则变化
（1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ， 最高级＋est clever－cleverer－cleverest； few－fewer－fewest ；small－smaller－smallest等 （2）以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st即可
nice－nicer－nicest；cute－cuter－cutest；large－larger－largest （3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est easy－easier－easiest；happy－happier－happiest 再如：early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy .也如此
(4) 以后缀ly结尾的方式副词在前面加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级 quickly---more quickly----most quickly （5）双写最后一个辅音字母＋er或est的词同学要用心去记。 fat－fatter－fattest thin－thinner－thinnest hot－hotter－hottest red－redder－reddest wet－wetter－wettest big－bigger－biggest （6）多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前＋more构成比较级，＋the most构成最高级。 beautiful －more beautiful － the most beautiful .delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 双音节的词如careful－more careful －the most careful useful －more useful －the most useful .少数单音节词也是这样如：pleased－more pleased －the most pleased tired－more tried －the most tired 不规则形容词的变化(详细见书)
五、比较级的修饰词：a little, a lot, much, even; far; a great deal
六、练习
1、--Our English is very good.——But my brother learns it much______than I do.
A.good B.well C.better D.best 【析】在英语中，a little,a lot,much,even词可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，故本题的正确答 案是C项。 2.Don‘t worry.Your granny will get_______
A.well and well B.better and better C.well and better D.good and well 【析】表示"越来越„„" 可以采用" 比较级 ＋比较级"或"more and more＋原级"的结构，如果是 单音节的形容词或副词， 则用前一结构；如果是多音节词，则可以用后一种结构，故本题的正确答案是B。 3.China is one of________ in the world.A.the oldest country B.the oldest countries C.much older country D.much older countries 【析】在英语中， 要表示 "其中最„„的之一"， 应使用"one of＋形容词的最高级形式＋名词的复数 形式 "。根据题意，本题应选B项。
4.The girl doesn’t run________ the boy.
A.much faster as B.as faster as C.more fast than D.so fast as 【析】在英语中，可以使用"as„as"表示"两者在某方面一样"；用"not so/as„„as"表示"两者在某方面不一样"，以上两种结构都必须使用形容词或副词的原级。由以上分析可知本题的D 项最符合题意。 知识点：
1.both 用在BE 动词后，行为动词前。Eg:They both like English.They are both from Cla 5.2.as+形容词或副词的原级+as”表示双方在某个方面相同，其否定not as ~~~~~as.Eg:she is as tall as me. She doesn’t work as hard as his brother.***3.可以放修饰形容比较级的词有：much，a little，a lot，even，still 4.make sb do sth”让某人做某事“eg: The teacher make the boy sing a song for them.5.laugh at sb”取笑某人“Eg:Don’t laugh at poor people.6.stop doing sth”停止正在做的事” stop to do sth”停下来去做别的事“ Eg:They stopped singing. We should stop to have a rest.十二单元：What’s the best radio station? 语法：形容词最高级（上） 知识点：
1.think about= think of “考虑，认为“后加名词，代词，动名词 Eg: she is thinking about visiting her teacher.2.succe N,succeful Adj, succeed V.3.without “后加名词，代词，动名词”eg:he went school without breakfast.she sent out of the room without saying a word.4.It s +adj+for sb +to do sth Eg:It’s very important to study hard .5.price 高用high,低用low.东西贵expensive.贱cheap.6.in northern China.in 范围之内，to在境外， on表示相互接壤
Eg:Sanya is in Hainan.Japan is to the east of China.The town sits on the Changjiang River.七单元：How do you make a banana milk shake? 语法：动副词组的用法
代词放中间名词放两边
eg:turn it on
put your clothes on
put on your clothes 知识点：
1.drink的用法2.Peel sb sth =peel sth for sth3.a cup of 的复数4.need 的用法
need 的疑问，用yes,you must,no,you needn’t.must 的疑问，用yes,you must,no,you needn’t.八单元：How was your school trip? 语法：一般过去时的用法
一般过去时态：表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）, the day before yesterda（前天），in 1990 (在1990年), in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。如： I was born in 1990.(我出生在1990年)。When did you go to the park? （你是什么时候去的公园）。I went to the park last week.（我是上周去的公园）
在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态；第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。 1． Be 动词的一般过去时态 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +宾语 如：I was late yesterday.（昨天我迟到了。） 否定句：主语+was (were) +not+宾语 如：We weren't late yesterday.(我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+宾语 如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？） 肯定回答： Yes, I was.(是的，我病了。) 否定句： No, I wasn't.(不，我没病。) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ 2． 实义动词的一般过去时态
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。） 否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语 如：I didn't go home yesterday.(我昨天没回家。) 疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？) 肯定回答： Yes, I did.(是的，我回了。)否定回答：No, I didn't.(不，我没回家。) 3． 一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。 1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：play―played work―worked2） 以e结尾的动词只加d.如：like--- liked love―loved 3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed.如：study―studied carry―carried
4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed.如：stop―stopped 一般过去时态的“三变”技巧 一变：肯定句变为否定句
【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如： I could get you a concert ticket.→ I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如：
I was on the Internet when you called me.→ I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didn't，此动词还要变成原形。
如： The famous singer sang some Chinese songs.→ The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句
【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。例如： He could pack his things himself.→ Could he pack his things himself? 【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原。例如： Mr Li looked very old.→ Did Mr Li look very old? 三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句
【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如： They gave the concert last night.→ When did they give the concert? 【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如： The accident happened near the station.→ Where did the accident happen?
知识点：
1.Off表示“休假，不工作”eg:The teacher gave him two days off. We have two days off of every week.2.no one =nobody 表示“没有人”，谓语用单数，后不能跟of,eg: No one will make friends with him.3.have a good time 的用法
4.future 的词组in the future “在将来”
九单元：when was he born? 语法：继续复习一般过去时 知识点：
1.be born “出生于~~~~~”过去式为was born 2.begin /start 的用法
3.stop to do sth/stop doing sth 4.learn to do sth /learn from 5.spend 的用法take /cost /pay for
6.see sb do sth “看到某人做了某事”eg:I saw him come into the claroom.See sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”eg:I see him cleaning the blackboard.7.because 的用法eg:we didn’t go hiking because of the rain.十单元：I am going to be the basketball player.语法：一般将来时
一般将来时的基本概念
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词shall（第一人称），will（第
二、三人称）+动词原形构成， be going to+动词原形表示，本册书中主要学的是后一种，下面让我们进行详细的学习。例如：
一般将来时的形式
1.will 常简略为 'll，并与主语连写在一起，如：I'll，he'll，it'll，we'll，you'll，they'll 2.疑问句如用will you…？其简略答语须是Yes，I will或 No，I will not；
3.用shall时，主语通常为we, we shall /shall we?
4.be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如：
It is going to rain.要下雨了。We are going to have a meeting today.今天我们开会。
“be going to＋动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首，即“Are/Is/Am＋主语＋going to＋动词原形＋其它？”。其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如：（1）They are going to play football this afternoon.（肯定句）（2）Are they going to play football this afternoon？（一般疑问句）（3）They are not going to play football this afternoon.（否定句）
5.一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如：
tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）等。
知识点：
1.hard 的用法 =difficult 反：easy 2.somewhere
in/at/to/some place eg:否定句中，疑问句中用anywhere 3.get a letter from sb =receive a letter from sb =hear from 4.over=more than“多于，超于”
5.communicate with sb“与~~~~交通”
6.practice doing sth eg:The boy practice swimming every day.十一单元：Could you please clean your room? 语法：表示建议的表达方式
1.shall we ~~~~~~?2.shall I ~~~~~~~?3.Let’s do sth .4.How about =how about doing sth 5.why not do sth=why don’t you do sth 6.would you like to do sth 知识点：
1.hate to do sth 2.agree with sth 3.borrow /lend 的用法 4.invite sb to a place 5.you are welcome/that’s all right/that’s ok/It’s my pleasure/not at all/never mind/it’s nothing.6.take sb for a walk 7.feed +sb/sth on sth =feed +sb/sth+with sth =feed sth to sb Eg:she feeds the baby on /with milk.
Eg:Please feed bababa to the monkeys.
希望英语Mi xu 13842359596
