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四、专八英语作文的几种有效开篇段写法
漂亮的开篇是获取作文的高质量，同时也是高分数的重要部分，为了帮助同学们掌握有效的开篇手法，我在此重点介绍6种常见的、也是有效的作文开篇方法。希望同学们学以致用，至少每周开篇方法要练习使用3-4次，形成较深刻印象。对于自己特别喜欢的开篇方法要重点练习使用，直到熟练掌握。
1.使用数字
数字能够使人感到我们不是在空谈，能给人一种真实地感受。人们通常喜欢用数字说明问题，也容易受数字影响。所以我们可以使用数字来吸引人们的注意力。
Every day millions of job-hunters in the world write letters of applications, wishing that they would be given a chance of interview.2.用问题
在文章开始我们可以向读者提出问题，让读者跟着我们一起思考。但是要注意的是，我们提的问题不能简单，也不能太多，一般绝对不可以超过两个。通常情况下，我们的问题都会是设问句，答案就是文章的话题。
Now in our society what do you have to do if you want to find a job? What lies between you and an ideal job? (That is interview．)或者
Do you know any university graduate who does not want to succeed in the society? What does it take for a university graduate to succeed in the modern society? 3.用引语
我们可以引用名人名言或者某一领域里的专家的话。这种引言既可以是与我们的中心思想相一致的，也可以是有争议的，这样都可以达到吸引读者的目的。比如：“Succe comes not only from perspiration and inspiration, but also from satisfactory performance in interviews,” commented Dr.Kenly in his book.或者According to traditional Chinese thoughts, a talent must be excellent at ability and morality．
4．直奔主题式或开门见山式(Direct opening) 引言段可以直接表明文章的主题。 以2005年题目为例，“Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees.As a result，there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure.What is your opinion? Write an eay of about 400 words to state your view．”比如我们可以这样开始： Nowadays interview is becoming more and more important in recruitment或者 In the modern society，almost all university students look forward to succe in employment．
这是最简单的方法，但是这种单刀直入的方法容易显得过于唐突，读者心理上不易接受。另外，它还可能会使人觉得文章内容单薄，给人以作者思想贫乏之感。所以我们并不推荐这种方法。 5．收网式(Narrowing—down)
这种方法通常由一个宽泛的、读者非常认同的事实开始，然后逐步把读者的注意力引向文章要讨论的话题。前面的开头相当于一个铺垫，给读者一种自然而然的感觉，比如2005年的题目，我们还可以说：
With the development of market economy in China，more and more companies have come into being．When they need to take up more people，employers usually select through interviews．Similarly，when people need to find a job，they also need to perform well in interviews．Therefore，interview is becoming increasingly important in the modern society． 而对于2002年的题目，“All of us would agree that in order to be succeful in the present-day society，we university students have to poe certain personal qualities that can enable us to realize our aims．What do you think is the most important personal quality of a university student?” 我们可以说：One feature of the modern society is the more respect given to individual values.When fighting for personal values and succe，students need to catch good opportunities，but they also need to poe some eential personal qualities．
使用这种方法的关键是我们的网要撒得很开，但是收网时既不要太快，又不能过慢。如果在开始那个宽泛的话题上停留过久，就可能会使文章有跑题的危险。我们建议大家最多用三句话，就把网收起来。 6.驳论式(Refutation)
这种方法是先说出一种与本文观点相反但读者可能会同意的观点，然后话锋一转，指出这一观点是错误，并亮出自己的观点。如果我们用这种方法写2005年的题目，就可能是这样：
Many of us may agree that China is a society relying heavily on guanxi, or relationship.We may all have the experience of having to resort to certain relationship in order to get something done, to find a good job, for example.But, with the development of market economy, recruitment is conducted more and more on the basis of interview rather than on various personal connections. 而2002年的题目，可以是这样：
As the modern society puts more emphasis on personal difference and personal values，it provides more opportunities for students to seek succe.However，the fact is that not everyone can succeed．Succe calls for certain opportunities，but more importantly，it calls for many personal qualities．
在这种方式的开头中，转折词but或者however可以在很短的时间内就在读者脑海中造成一次撞击和冲突，所以比较能引起读者的关注。而如果我们能在阅卷老师业已疲惫不堪的脑海中形成这样一次撞击，就有可能给他们留下良好的第一印象。
当然，有些写作课可能还会介绍其他的开头方式，如讲故事(anecdote)等，但是对于考试来说，我们认为以上6种是最简洁、最高效的。
另外还要指出，有些同学可能认为直接引用题目中提示部分的内容是一个保证不跑题的方法，比如下面这个例子就是这样：
Nowadays interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees．As a result，there have been many arguments for or against it as a selection procedure．Some people regard it as a good way to select employees within a short time while others think it is not proper to decide oil a person just by interview．But, all of them have some truth．
这里前面几句基本上是直接从题目里抄来的。实践证明，这种做法可能会得不偿失。首先，阅卷老师对这几句话非常熟悉，他们知道这不是你自己写的，因此可能会认为你在投机取巧，进而对你形成不好的印象。
