高级口译模块讲座补充资料编者：李锦森 （Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ Ｌｅｅ）
模块词汇 一 旅游景点旅行机构：
旅行社 travel agency 报价 quotation 包价旅行 package tour 团体旅行 group tour 散客 individual tourist 住宿 accommodation 膳食 meals 交通 transportation 游览 sightseeing 衣食住行 clothing, meals, accommodation/shelter, transportation
旅游基本词汇：
点：spot, site, resort, attraction, destination, must, mecca 名胜景点：scenic spot ,tourist attraction 历史古迹：historic site 名胜古迹：scenic spots and historic sites 避暑胜地： summer resort 游客必经之地： tourist destination/must/mecca 山水风光：landscape 祭坛/圣坛： altar 亭阁 pavilion 楼 mansion, tower 台 terrace 塔 pagoda,tower 殿堂 hall 陵墓 tomb, mausoleum 关 pa 石窟 grotto 络绎不绝 an endle stream 美不胜收 too many beautiful things to be appreciated at once 闻名遐迩 known far and wide 墨客骚人 famous men of letters 奇峰异石 picturesque peaks and rocks 奇花异草 exotic flowers and herbs
具体实考景点1：北京 故宫 the Imperial Palace
紫禁城 the Forbidden City 长城 the Great Wall 居庸关 Juyongguan Pa 不到长城非好汉 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a man.具体实考景点2：苏州
园林建筑 garden architecture 苏绣 Suzhou Embroidery 寒山寺 Hanshan Temple 虎丘山 Tiger Hill 拙政园 Humble Administrator’s Garden 沧浪亭 Pavilion of Surging Waves 狮子林 Lion Forest Garden 留园 Lingering Garden
具体实考景点3：杭州 西湖 West Lake 苏堤 Su Causeway 白堤 Bai Causeway 灵隐寺 Temple of the Soul’s Retreat 飞来峰 Peak Flying from Afar 六和塔 Pagoda of Six Harmonies 虎跑泉 Tiger Spring
模块词汇 二 饮食文化烹饪
烹饪 culinary art 菜系 cuisine 美食节 gourmet festival 色、香、味、形俱全 perfect combination of color, aroma, taste and appearance 四大菜系：山东菜、四川菜、粤菜、扬州菜
Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Canton /Guangdong cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine and the salty northern cuisine, the sweet eastern cuisine and the spicy western cuisine或
the light flavor in the south, the salty flavor in the north, the sweet flavor in the east and the spicy flavor in the west 白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken 臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curd 风味小吃 local delicacy 刀切、火候
刀切 cutting and slicing techniques 火候 heat control 切片 slicing 切条 cutting to strips 切丝 shredding 切柳 filleting 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/旺/武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/微/文火 gentle heat 烹饪方法 (名词)
烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques 煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 烩 stewing 熏 smoking 煨 simmering 煮 boiling 烘 baking 烤 roasting 蒸 steaming 红烧 braising (with soy sauce) 涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton slices 酒
啤酒 beer 洋酒 wine 黄酒 yellow rice wine 烈酒 spirit 白酒 white spirit
RPG: (课后口语练习，结合模块句型) A new client comes to visit your company, but does not want to have dinner with you, claiming that he has something important to do.You should: 1).Recommend a restaurant to him/her.2).Try to persuade him to have dinner with you.
模块词汇 三 环境保护全球话题：
21世纪议程 Agenda 21 世界环境日 World Environment Day (June 5th each year) 世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes 环境千年—行动起来吧！（2000） The Environment MillenniumOur FutureSave Our Seas! 为了地球上的生命（1997） For Life on Earth 我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996） Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home 国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December) 世界水日 World Water Day (22 March) 世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March) 世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June ) 面临问题：
废水 waste/polluted water 废气 waste/polluted gas 废渣 residue 工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes 白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics) 有机污染物 organic pollutants 森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation 水土流失 water and soil erosion 土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization 濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife 环境恶化 environmental degradation 城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization 温室效应 greenhouse effect 全球变暖 global warming 拯救措施
中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of China’s environmental protection 预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control 治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags 垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill 垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator 防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation 水土保持 conservation of water and soil 水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone 造林工程 afforestation project 珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center 绿化祖国 turn the country green 全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day 森林覆盖率 forest coverage 防风林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks） 速生林 fast-growing trees 降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation 开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources 环保产品 environment-friendly products 自然保护区 nature reserve
RPG: （课后口语练习，结合模块句型）
A: animal/plant that is on the verge of extinction B: hunter/hewer B had to kill or cut A for a living.A should try to persuade B not to do so.
模块词汇 四 教育 & 文化学校教育机构：
小学 primary/elementary school 中学 middle/high school 初中 junior high school 高中 senior high school 大专 college 大学 university （小学）校长 Headmaster （中学）校长 Principal （大学）代理校长 Acting President （大学）副校长 Vice President （大学）校长 President （大学）名誉校长Chancellor 义务教育 compulsory education 学前教育 preschool education 特殊教育 special education 高等教育 higher education/tertiary education 教育目标：
素质教育 quality-oriented education/education designed to raise the overall quality of students 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament
五讲四美三热爱 the movement of “ five strees, four points of beauty and three loves”
以人为本 people oriented/foremost 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge and a strongsense of discipline 德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stre on integrity and ability 教育课程及教学方式： 公开课 open cla 课程 course; curriculum 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic course 专业课 specialized course 课程表 school timetable 课外活动 extracurricular activities 课外辅导 instruction after cla 课外阅读 outside reading 课堂讨论 cla discuion （大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 教学内容 content of courses 毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal 毕业论文 thesis; diertation 毕业生graduate 毕业实习graduation field work 毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 网上教学 online teaching/education 函授课程 correspondence course 人才：
人才流失 brain drain 智囊团
brain trust／think tank 人才战
competition for talented people 双向选择 two-way selection 有识之士 people of vision 职业培训 job training 智力引进 recruit/introduce talents 智力支持 intellectual support 专门人才 profeional personnel
Q : You are supposed to be the school president, what will you do if your school receives a government grant of 5 million dollars? （课后口语练习，结合模块单词）
模块词汇 五 体育 基本体育项目：
田径类：Track and Field 跳远 long/broad jump 三级跳 triple jump 跳高 high jump 长跑 long-distance race 竞走 walking; walking race 标枪 javelin throw 铁饼 discus throw 跨栏 hurdling 马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race) 五项全能 pentathlon 七项全能 heptathlon 十项全能 decathlon
体操类：Gymnastics 双杠 parallel bars 单杠 horizontal bar 跳马 vaulting horse 鞍马 pommel horse平衡木 balance beam 自由体操 floor/free exercises
其他：Others 跆拳道 taekwondo 柔道 judo 摔跤 wrestling 冰球运动 ice hockey 冰上运动 ice sports 滑水 water-skiing 滑艇/皮艇 canoeing 击剑 fencing 毽子 shuttlecock 举重 weightlifting 垒球 softball 手球 handball 曲棍球 hockey; field hockey 赛艇运动 rowing 踢毽子 shuttlecock kicking 跳伞 parachuting 击剑 fencing 保龄球 bowling 赛马 horse race 马术 equestrian sports 航空运动 aviation/air/flying sports
奥林匹克运动会 The Olympiads
奥林匹克火炬 Olympic torch 奥林匹克圣火 Olympic flame 奥林匹克誓词 Olympic oath 奥运村 Olympic village 奥运会城 Olympic city 奥运项目 Olympic events 奥运选手 Olympian 东道国 host country 国际奥委会 International Olympic Committee (IOC) 国际奥委会主席 president of the IOC 组织委员会 Organizing Committee 会歌 anthem 会徽 emblem 会旗 flag of the games 金牌 gold medal 银牌 silver medal 铜牌 bronze medal 开幕式 opening ceremony 闭幕式 closing ceremony 口号 motto 同一个世界，同一个梦想 One World, One Dream
Oral Practice: Bidding for the Olympic Games （课后口语练习，结合模块句型）
A: Representative of Mars B: Representative of the U.S A and B are bidding for the 3008 Olympic Games in a public TV program, they have to undergo: 1).Free talk (1 minute for each representative) 2).Debate (5 minutes) so as to win public opinions and become the host country.
模块词汇 六 公共卫生基本概述
急性病 acute disease 慢性病 chronic disease 流行病 epidemic disease 地方病 endemic disease 传染病 contagious disease 肺炎 pneumonia 支气管炎 bronchitis 癌症 cancer 流感 flu 高血压 high blood preure 疟疾 malaria 伤寒 typhoid 霍乱 cholera SARS 症状 symptom 疫情 SARS situation/statistics 防治 prevention and treatment 疑似病例 suspected case 确诊病例 confirmed case 发现 detection 报告 reporting 隔离 quarantine 治疗 treatment AIDS 非法采血 illegal blood collecting 走私 smuggling 贩毒 drug trafficking 卖淫嫖娼 prostitution 性工作者 sex worker 打击 crack down on 灭绝 eliminate 血液传播 blood transmiion
手足口病 hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) 口腔溃疡 sores in the mouth 手足疱疹rashes on hands and feet 低烧 slight fever 水泡 blister
中医 TCM （Traditional Chinese Medicine） 草药 herbal medicine 针刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia 针灸疗法 acupuncture and moxibustion 按摩推拿 medical maage
气功 qigong/controlled breathing exercises 太极 Taijiquan boxing 内伤七情 internal causes 喜 joy 怒 anger 忧 worry 思 thought 悲 grief/sadne 恐 fear 惊 panic 外感六淫 external causes 风 wind 寒 cold/chill 暑 heat 湿 wetne 燥 dryne 火 fire 新陈代谢 metabolism
RPG: （课后口语练习，结合模块单词）
The conversation took place in a private clinic (where everything is likely to happen).
模块词汇 七 传统中国艺术艺术及工艺
版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving picture 彩塑 painted sculpture 瓷器 porcelain 陶器 pottery 刺绣 embroidery 雕刻 carving 宫灯 palace lantern 国画 Chinese painting 剪纸 paper-cut 木刻画 wood engraving 水墨画 Chinese brush drawing/ink and wash painting 微雕 miniature engraving 戏剧表演
京剧 Peking opera 京剧人物脸谱 facial/theatrical makeup 生 male characters 旦 female characters 净 “painted face” characters 末 middle-aged male characters 丑 clown 木偶戏 puppet show 独角戏 monodrama 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 戏剧小品 skit 哑剧 dumb show 单口相声 monologue comic talk 双口相声 cro comic talk/witty dialogue 口技 vocal imitation 说书 story-telling 杂技 acrobatic performance 叠罗汉 making a human pyramid 特技 stunt 踩高跷 stilt walk 传统节日
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 植树节 Tree-planting Day 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival 重阳节 Double Ninth Festival 春节 spring festival 除夕 New Year’s Eve
节日习俗
拜年 paying a New Year call 年夜饭 family reunion dinner (on Lunar New Year’s Eve) 爆竹 firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new 灯谜 lantern riddle 观灯 viewing the lanterns 庙会 temple fair 饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing) 龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance 粽子 glutinous rice dumpling (wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves)
模块词汇 八 城市化上海聚焦
外滩 the Bund 东方明珠电视塔 Oriental Pearl TV Tower 不夜城 sleeple city ; ever-bright city 长江三角洲 the Yangtze River Delta 磁悬浮列车 maglev train 国际大都市 international metropolis/cosmopolitan city 东海之滨的明珠 the pearl on the coast of the East China Sea 高架公路 elevated highway, overhead road 国际商业、贸易、金融中心 international busine, trade and financial center 龙华寺 Longhua Temple 内环线高架 the inner ring line overpa 浦东新区 Pudong New Area 轻轨火车 light rail train 人民广场 People’s Square
万国建筑博览 an exhibition of International Architectures 信息港 cyber port 玉佛寺 Jade Buddha Temple 豫园 Yu Yuan Garden 社会问题
失学儿童 dropouts 民工潮 overflow of migrant laborers 失业 unemployment 盲流 people blindly migrating from rural areas 文盲 illiterate 人口爆炸 population explosion 人口过剩 overpopulation 新生儿死亡率 infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate 人口出生率 birth rate 人口老龄化 aging of population 人口增长的高峰期 baby boom 犯罪 crime 解决措施
国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises 关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning 搞好优生优育 promote good prenatal and postnatal care 加强计划生育工作 further improve family planning 人口增长与社会经济发展相协调 try to keep population growth in line with social and economic development “扫黄打非”斗争 fight against pornography, illegal publications and piracy 社会保障 social security 社会福利制度the social welfare system 伤残保险 disability insurance 失业保险 unemployment insurance 养老保险 retirement insurance 医疗保险 medical insurance 最低生活保障制度the minimum living standard security system 扫除青壮年文盲 eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people
RPG：(课后口语练习，结合模块句型) A is supposed to be a tourist in Shanghai who became pennile then and had to phone his/her friend, B, a friend he/she had lost contact for 10 years.However, B could not recognize A’s voice over the phone.A should: 1).Remind B of who he/she is 2).Ask for B’s help.Finally, after a moment’s hesitation, B agreed and offered to help A with the unfinished journey.
模块词汇 九 世贸组织词汇基本概述
关贸总协定(世界贸易组织的前身) GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 出口补贴export subsidy 出口实绩export performance 垂直兼并 vertical merger 横向兼并 horizontal merger 反补贴税countervailing duty 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against„ 反向通知counter-notification 非配额产品 quota-free products 非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects 国际清算 international settlement 国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment 国际收支条款BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions 国民待遇national treatment 国内补贴domestic subsidy 国内生产domestic production 海关估价Customs valuation 海关完税价值Customs value 进口差价税import variable duties 进口附加税import surcharge 进口环节税 import linkage tax 进口渗透import penetration 进口替代import substitution 进口许可import licensing 进口押金import deposits 垃圾融资 junk financing 粮食安全food security 慢性萧条 chronic depreion
配额调整条款modulation of quota clause 瓶颈制约 'bottleneck' restrictions 全球配额 global quota 上诉机构appeal body 申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system 生产补贴production subsidy 实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to„ 实质损害material injury 市场准入market acce 同类产品like product 争端解决机构dispute settlement body 政府采购 government procurement 知识产权IPRs (Intellectual property rights) 直接支付direct payment 专门的营销机构market boards 祖父条款 grandfather clause 最不发达国家LDCs (Least-developed countries) 最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights) 最惠国待遇（现通常称'正常贸易关系'）MFN（most-favored-nation) treatment 最惠国贸易地位(待遇)MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment) 专门机构
北美自由贸易区 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 东部和南部非洲共同市场COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) 东盟自由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area 国际标准化组织ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际货币基金组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际贸易中心ITC (International Trade Center) 国际贸易组织ITO (International Trade Organization) 联合国环境署UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) 联合国开发计划署UNDP (United Nations Development Program) 联合国粮农组织FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 联合国贸易与发展会议UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 欧洲自由贸易联盟EFTA (European Free Trade Aociation)
模块词汇 十 国际关系词汇基本概述
安全考虑 security consideration 傲慢行为 arrogant behavior 多极化 multipolarity 霸权主义 hegemonism 强权政治 power politics 国家主权 national sovereignty 民族资源 national resource 边界谈判 boundary negotiation 不结盟国家 non-aligned countries 采取惩罚行动 take punitive actions 采取高姿态 show magnanimity 采取协调行动 take concerted steps 常驻代表 permanent representative 弹性外交 elastic diplomacy 邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping’s diplomatic thoughts 低调 low keyed 电话协商 telephone negotiations 独联体国家 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) “渡假外交”holiday-making diplomacy 附庸国 dependency 高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue 公认的国际关系原则 generally-accepted principles of international relations 公使馆 legation 公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序 a fair and rational new international political and economic order 国际商会 International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) 国际雇佣者组织 International Organization of Employers (IOE) 国际关系的准则 norms governing international relations 国际惯例 international common practice 国际货币基金会 International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际金融组织 International Finance Corporation (IFC) 国际聚焦 international spotlight 国家不分大小，应该一律平等
All countries, big or small, should be equal.捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严
safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity 毫无根据的媒体报导 groundle media reports 和平共处五项原则 the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim 缓和 detente 抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggreion and Aid Korea 联络处 liaison office 领土管辖权 territorial jurisdiction 领土毗连 territorial contiguity 流血冲突 bloody conflict 民间外交 people-to-people diplomacy 南北对话 South-North dialogue 南南合作 South-South cooperation 贫穷国家 impoverished nation 全方位外交 multi-faceted diplomacy 伸张正义、主持公道 adhere to principles and uphold justice 神圣不可侵犯 sacred and inviolable 审时度势 size up the situation 推翻一个政权 topple a regime 外交承认 diplomatic recognition 外交纷争 diplomatic dispute 外交攻势 diplomatic offensive 外交使团 diplomatic miion 外交政策的基石 cornerstone of a country’s foreign policy 万国公法 law of nations 维持外交关系 maintain diplomatic relations 维护世界和平safeguard world peace 武装冲突 armed conflict 西方国家利益 Western interests 中美联合公报 Sino-US joint communique 总领事馆 consulate general
