初中英语中简单句的九大基本句型
一、简单句的九大基本句型
1.“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型) 这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。 The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。 2.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型) 这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。 例：I study English.分析：“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。 I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
3.“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型) 这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。 例：Our teacher taught us English.分析：“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。 4.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型) 这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。 例： He asked her to go there.分析：“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。
5.“主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型) 这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语，即有形或无形的资源)”。 例： You have a nice watch.你有一块漂亮的手表 分析：“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表，即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。 6.“There + be + 主语+ „”(即“存在”句型) 这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。 例：There is a bird in the tree.在树上有一只鸟。 分析：“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。 7.“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型) 这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。 例： I am a teacher.我是一名老师 分析：“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。 She felt very tired.她感觉到很累。
He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。
You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白，病了吗? 8.比较句型
这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。 1) 相等比较: „as + 形容词/副词原级 + as„; „as + 形容词+名词 + as„
例：He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。
例：He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多 2) 劣等比较： „le + 形容词/副词原级 + than „ 例：He is le careful than she.他没她细心。
3) 优等比较：„+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than„ ; „the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two„ 例：She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。
例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。
4)最高级：the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物｝{in + 场所｝ 例： He is the tallest in the cla.他是班上最高的。 9.“it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型) 这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句) 例：It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
分析：本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。
巩固性练习
请判断下列句子的结构类型 1.He is running.2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.4.She seemed angry.5.My father bought me a beautiful present.6.Why do you keep your eyes closed? 7.Will you tell us an exciting story? 8.We must keep our claroom tidy and clean.9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.10.Can you push the window open? 答案：
1.主语---动词
2.主语---动词---宾语---补语 3.主语---动词---宾语---宾语
4.主语---动词----表语 5.主语---动词---宾语---宾语
6.主语---动词---宾语---宾语 7.主语---动词---宾语---补语
8.主语---动词---宾语---补语 9.主语---动词---宾语---补语
10.主语---动词---宾语---补语
初中英语关联指代句型归纳
1.两项关连I have two books, one is Chinese; the other is English.I have five books, one is Chinese; the others are English.To say is one thing, but/and/ to do is another.One the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also you friend.Some like to play football, others are fond of basketball.2.先后顺序
First/firstly, I wish good health, second/secondly succe in your study, third/thirdly good luck in everything.First stop, then look, finally cro.At first/in the beginning/ he word hard.Later/Afterwards he is not so diligent.3.修饰限制
This is the same book as I lost yesterday.This is the same book that I lost yesterday.(同一本书) Don’t trust such a man as over praise you.He/One/Those/They who should come failed to appear.A man/A person/The one/Anyone/People who saw her liked her very much.The day/time/moment will come when China is strongest in the world.4.两项连接
He can speak not only English but also French.The book is both interesting and instructive.It is neither cold nor hot.Please either come in or go out.The old worker has experience and knowledge as well.5.加和关系
Besides literature, we have grammar and writing.Apart from oxygen, there are some other gases in the air.In addition to \"if\", there is many other conjunctions that can introduce conditional clauses.You seem to like tea, so do I.
英语五个基本句型
1.S + Vi (主语+不及物动词) Time flies.1) S + V + adverbial (主语+不及物动词+副词) Birds sing beautifully.2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase(主语+不及物动词+介词短语) He went on holiday.3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (主语+不及物动词+动词不定式) We stopped to have a rest.4) S + Vi+ Participle (主语+不及物动词+分词) I\'ll go swimming.2.S + Vt + O(主语+及物动词+宾语) We like English.1) S + VT + N/Pron (主语+及物动词+名词/代词) I like music.I like her.2) S + VT + infinitive(主语+及物动词+不定式) I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive (主语+及物动词+特殊疑问词+不定式) I don\'t know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, gue, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。 4) S + VT + Gerund (主语+及物动词+动名词) I enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, mi, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can\'t help等。 5) S + VT + That-clause (主语+及物动词+宾语从句) I don\'t think (that) he is right.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, believe, command, confe, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind, notice, propose, request, report, say, see，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder。 3.S+link v+ P (主语+联系动词+表语) We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look等。2) 表转变变化的动词，become,come，fall，get, go，grow, turn, ,等。 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)半系动词，appear, prove，seem等。 1) S + Lv + N/Pron (主语+联系动词+名词或代词) He is a boy.This is mine.2) S + Lv + Adj(主语+联系动词+形容词) She is beautiful.3) S + Lv + Adv (主语+联系动词+副词) Cla is over.4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase (主语+联系动词+介词短语) He is in good health.5) S + Lv + Participle (主语+联系动词+分词) He is excited.The film is interesting.4.S + VT+ In O + D O (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语) I give you help.1) S + VT + N/Pron + N (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+名词) I sent him a book.I bought May a book.2) S + VT + N/Pron + to/for-phrase (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+to/for短语) He sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pa, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等。
5.S+ VT+ O + O C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语) I make you clear.1) S + VT + N/Pron + N (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+名词) We named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有： call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name,。 2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+形容词) He painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+介词短语) She always keeps everything in good order.4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+动词不定式) I wish you to stay.I made him work 常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。 5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+分词) I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。 6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive He show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause /Wh-Clause (主语+及物动词+名词或代词+宾语从句) He told me that the film was great.He asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有：aure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm ，advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
