1、介词+名词
by accident 偶然
on account of 因为，由于
in addition 另外
in addition to 除„„之外
in the air 在流行中，在传播中
on (the/an)average平均，一般来说
on the basis of 根据，在„„的基础上
at (the)best 充其量，至多
for the better 好转，改善
on board 在船(车、飞机)上
out of breath 喘不过气来
on busine 因公，因事
in any case 无论如何，总之
in case of 假使，万一
in case 假使，以防(万一)免得
in no case 决不
by chance 偶然，碰巧
in charge (of)负责，主管
(a)round the clock 昼夜不集地
in common 共用，共有，共同
in conclusion 最后，总之
on cond0ition that 在„„条件下
in confidence 信任
in connection with/to 关于
in consequence 因此，结果
in consequence of 由于„„的缘故
on the contrary 反之，正相反
in contrast with/to 与„„成对照
out of control 失去控制
under control 被控制住
at all costs 不惜任何代价
at the cost of 以„„为代价
in the course of 在„„过程中，在„„期间
of course 当然，自然
in danger 在危险中，垂危
out of danger 脱离危险
out of date 过期(时)的
up to date 时新的
in debt 欠债
in debt 欠债
in detail 详细地
in difficulties 处境困难
in the distance 在远处
off duty 下班
on duty 值班，上班
on earth 究竟，到底 at all events 无论如何
in any event 有效;实际上
in the event of 万一，如果发生
for example 例如
with the exception of „„之外
in the face of 面对，不顾，即使
in fact 其实，实际上
on fire 烧着
on foot 步行
in force 有效;实施中
in favo(u)r of 有利于，赞成，支持
in front of 在„„面前
in (the) future 今后，将来
on guard 警惕，防范
in general 通常，大体上
in half 成两半
in half 成两半
at hand 在手边，在附近
from tip to toe 彻着彻尾，完全
by hand 用手
hand down to 往下传，传给(后代)
hand in hand 手拉手，携手
in hand 在掌握中，在控制中
on hand 在手边，临近
on (the) one hand „„ 一方面„„，
on the other hand „„ 另一方面„„，
at heart 在内心;实质上
by heart 牢记，凭记忆
at home 在家，在国内;自在，自如
in honour of 以纪念，向„„表示敬意
on one's honour 以名誉担保
in a hurry 匆忙地，立即
for instance 例如，举例说
at intervals 不时，时时
at last 最终，终于
at least 至少，最低限度
in the least 一点，丝毫
at length 终于，最后;详细地
in the light of 按照，根据
in line 成一直线，排成一行
in line with 与„„一致，按照
at a lo 困惑，不知所措
as a matter of fact 其实，事实上
by all means 无论如何，必定
by means of 借助于，用
by no means 决不
in memory of 纪念
at the mercy of 在„„支配下
by mistake 错误地 at the moment 现在，此刻
for a moment 片刻，一会儿
for the moment 现在，暂时
in a moment 立刻，马上
in nature 本质上
on occasion 有时，不时
in order 秩序井然，整齐
in order to 以便，为了
in order that 以便
out of order 发生故障，失调
on one's own 独自地，独立地
in particular 特别地，尤其，详细地
in the past 在过去，以往
in person 亲自
in place 在适当的位置
in place of 代替
in the first place 起初，首先
in the last place 最后
out of place 不得其所的，不适当的
on the point 即将„„的时候
to the point 切中要害，切题
in practice 在实际中，实际上
out of practice 久不练习，荒疏
at present 目前，现在
for the present 目前，暂时
in proportion to (与„„)成比例的
in public 公开地，当众
for (the)purpose of 为了
on purpose 故意，有意
with the purpose of 为了
in question 正在考虑
at random 随意地，任意地
at any rate 无论如何，至少
by reason of 由于
as regards 关于，至于
with/in regard to 对于，就„„而论
in/with relation to 关系到
with respect to 关于
as a result 结果，因此
as a result of 由于„„结果
in return 作为报答，作为回报
on the road 在旅途中
as a rule 规章，规则;通常，照例
in the long run 最终，从长远观点看
for the sake of 为了„„起见
on sale 出售;贱卖 on a large scale 大规模地
on a small scale 小规模地
in secret 秘密地，私下地
in sense 从某种意义上说
in shape 处于良好状态
on the side 作为兼职，额外
at first sight 乍一看，初看起来
in sight 被看到，在望
out of sight 看不见，在视野之外
in spite of 不管，不顾;尽管，虽然
on the spot 当场，在现场
in step 同步，合拍
out of step 步调不一致，不协调
in stock 现有，备有
in sum 总而言之
in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭
in terms of 依据，按照;用„„措词 for one thing 首先，一则
on the second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念
at a time 每次，一次
at no time 从不，决不
at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾
at the same time 但是，然而
at times 有时
for the time being 目前，暂时
from time to time 有时，不时
in no time 立即，马上
in time 及时，适时地
on time 准时
on top of 在„„之上
out of touch 失去联系
in truth 事实上，实际上，的确
on try 试穿
by turns 轮流，交替
in turn 依次，轮流
in vain 徒劳，无效
a variety of 种种，各种
by virtue of 由于
by the way 顺便提一下，另外
by way of 经由，通过„„方式
in a way 在某点，在某种程度上
in no way 决不
in the way of 妨碍
in one's/the way 妨碍，阻碍
after a while 过了一会，不久
for a while 暂时，一时
on the whole 总的来说
in a word 一句话
in other words 另„„
at work 上班
out of work 失业，下岗
2、动词+名词
have/gain acce to 可以获得
take„„ into account 考虑
have/gain an advantage over 胜过，优于
pave the way for 为„„铺平道路
take advantage of 利用，趁„„之机
pay attention to 注意
do/try one's best 尽力，努力
get the best of 胜过
make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理
get the better of 打败，智胜
catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气
take care 小心，当心
take care of 照顾，照料
take a chance 冒险一试
take charge of 担任，负责
keep company with 与„„交往，与„„联系
take delight in 以„„为乐
with delight 欣然，乐意地
make a /the difference 有影响，很重要
carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用
put into effect 实行，生效
come/go into effect 生效，实施
take effect 生效，起作用
catch one's eye 引人注目
keep an eye on 留意，照看
make a face 做鬼脸
find fault 埋怨，挑剔
catch fire 着火
come/go into force 生效，实施
make friends 交朋友，友好相处
be friends with 对„„友好，与„„交上朋友
make fun of 取笑，嘲弄
keep one's head 保持镇静
lose one's head 不知所措
lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心
get/learn by heart 记住，背诵
get hold of 抓住，掌握 keep house 管理家务，做家务
throw/cast light on 使明白，阐明
bear/keep in mind 记住
have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到
make up one's mind 下决心
come/go into operation 使投入生产，使运转
put in order 整理，检修
keep/hold pace with 跟上，与„„同步
play a part 起作用
take place 发生，进行
take the place of 代替
come to the point 说到要点，扼要地说
bring/carry into practice 实施，实行
make progre 进步，进展
give rise to 引起，使发生
make sense 讲得通，有意义
catch the sight of 发现，突然看见
(go) on the stage 当演员
take one's time 不急不忙，从容进行
keep in touch 保持联系
keep track 通晓事态，注意动向
lose track 失去联系
make use of 利用
put to use 使用，利用
give way 让路，让步
lead the way 带路，引路
make one's way 前进，进行
make way 让路，开路
keep one's word 遵守诺言
action on 作用
appeal to 呼吁，要求
attempt at 企图，努力
attitude to / towards 态度，看法
a great/ good deal of 大量(的),许多(的)
influence on 影响
interference in 干涉
interference with 妨碍，打扰
introduction to 介绍
a lot (of) 许多(的),大量(的)
lots of 大量，很多
fall in love with 相爱，爱上
a matter of (关于„„)的问题
a number of 若干，许多
reply to 回答，答复
a series of 一系列，一连串
3、名词词组的其他形式
trolley bus 电车
I.D.card 身份证
credit card 信用卡
no doubt 无疑，必定
next door 隔壁
out of doors 在户外
face to face 面对面地
as matter of fact 实际情况，真相
a few 有些，几个
quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的
a little 一点，稍，一些，少许
little by little 逐渐的
quite a little 相当多，不少
no matter 无论
the moment (that)一„„就
no more 不再
fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待
in demand 有需要，销路好
rest room 厕所，盥洗室
primary school 小学
side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个
heart and soul 全心全意
step by step 逐步
ahead of time 提前
all the time 一直，始终
once upon a time 从前
once in a while 偶尔，有时
no wonder 难怪，怪不得
word for word 逐字地
decline with thanks 婉言谢绝
你叫李平，是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授，请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。
Ⅴ.Writing
May 19，2002
Dear Profeor Wang：
On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department， I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history.
We have planned to have such a lecture at 2：30 p.m.in Lecture Hall 419， on May 25.
Looking forward to your lecture.Inform us in advance if you can not come.
Sincerely yours，
Li Ping
1、在中国，自行车是最为流行的交通工具。
2、骑自行车有许多好处。
3、自行车的未来„„
The Bicycle in China
The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China.China is a country “on bicycle wheels”。 People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work.Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.
There are many advantages to riding a bicycle.First， using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities.Second， people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.
The future of bicycle will be bright.In some European countries， city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.
男女应该平等吗?(Should Men and Women Be Equal?)
Should Men and Women Be Equal?
People have different ideas about this iue， Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger， do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions.Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men.There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the world.We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused.
1、一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。
2、但有些人喜欢住在农村。
3、我认为，„„
Where to live —in the City or in the Country
Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities， life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country， and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.
But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health， life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.
I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.金钱是一切吗?In Money Everything?
I don‘t think money is everything， but we can’t do without it.Fox example， money can‘t buy us happine and a good education.And for another example， money can’t buy us good health and a long life.But we can not live without money.We need it for our daily neceities such as food， clothes and transportation.What‘s more， we need it to live a better life.In short， we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages. 专升本《英语》历年真题归类汇总—名词
Ⅰ.名词
重点:区分可数名词与不可数名词;名词的复数形式;名词做主语时,主谓关系的一致性.
可数名词与不可数名词
1.The nurse added some sugars to the medicine to make it easy for the child to take.
2.The sitting room would be much improved if you placed a furniture in the corner.
3.Let me give you ______.
A.some advice B.some advice C.an advice D.such an advice
4.Usually there is ______ traffic in the streets on weekdays than on Sundays.
A.little B.le C.few D.fewer
5.Jim was upset last night because he had to do too many homeworks.
6.I am afraid that there isn‘t ___ left for you two in my car.There are already five people in it.
A.many rooms B.any rooms C.any room D.many rooms
7.Half the forest was cut down to make a room for the new road.
8."I like your furniture very much." "Thank you.We bought ______ in Beijing."
A.the most of them B.most of them C.the most of it D.most of it
9.Jump in the car.There‘s enough ______ for you.
A.place B.seat C.room D.space
10.During the storm we took ______ in the doorway of a shop.
A.help B.comfort C.guard D.shelter
11.It wasn‘t an accident.He did it on ______.
A.reason B.determination C.purpose D.intention
12.You‘ll have to pay for the holiday in ______, Tom.(2001)
A.front B.advance C.ahead D.forward
13.When he applied for a ______ in the office of the local newspaper, he was told to see the manager.
A.position B.profeion C.career D.location (2001)
14.There were a lot of ______ waiting outside the theater to see the famous pop singer.(2 2001)
A.crowds B.aistants C.fans D.attendants
15.The tailor made him a new ______.(2002)
A.cloth B.wear C.dre D.suit
16.Your brother is very tall.What is his exact ______? (2000)
A.height B.length C.size D.breadth
17.I wanted to go there by plane but I hadn‘t enough money to pay for the ______.(1998)
A.journey B.distance C.road D.way
18.During the Ice Age, man developed the use of tools, and this is a way of protecting himself against ______.
A.shortcomings B.hazards C.faults D.conflicts (2004)
19.There is no easy ______ to the problem.(2003)
A.result B.consequence C.solution D.reason
20.Living in the countryside has many ______, such as beautiful scene, fresh air, and so on.
A.advantages B.interest C.profit D.benefit
名词复数
1.It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big pair of foot.
2.Many peoples can do one kind of work, but a few people can do many kinds of work.
3.Now, many people use the word Ms instead of Mi or Mrs.for example, before the name of ______in busine letters.
A.woman manager B.women manager C.woman managers D.women managers
4.It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big ______ of feet.
A.pair B.size C.couple D.number
5.The children cooked some by burning ______ and branches.
A.potatos„leaves B.potatoes„leafs C.potatos„leafs D.potatoes„leaves
6.She has to clean all the ______ in all the ______ in two hours.
A.furniture„bedroo m B.furnitures„bedrooms C.furniture„bedrooms D.furnitures„bedsrooms
名词做主语时,主谓关系的一致性
1.The bread and butter are very delicious.
2.Two thirds of the area are covered by water.
3.The number of the people applying for the job ______ increasing.
A.are B.is C.are being D.is being
4.The number of students who failed the chemistry examination ______to fifteen.
A.have increased B.has increased C.is increased D.are increasing
5.Neither John nor his father were able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.
6.Reading English newspapers ______ a good way of ______ your English.
A.is„ improve B.are„improving C.is„improving D.are„improve
7.Three times seven ______ twenty-one.
A.have B.are C.has D.is
8.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr.Carter to finish his design.He doesn‘t need any more.
A.is B.has been C.was D.had been
9.Twenty miles ______a long way to cover.
A.have been B.is C.are D.were
10.Many a student ______ that mistake before.
A.had made B.has been made C.have made D.has made
11.______ road out of town is good, but this one is better than the other.
A.Both B.All C.None D.Neither
12.Now that the stre of examinations are over, we can all relax a while.
13.Tom, together with his family, ______ to see us tonight.
A.is coming B.are coming C.comes D.come
名词所有格
1.I‘m going away for a ______.
A.holiday of a week B.week holiday C.holiday week D.week‘s holiday
2.I came acro a ______ on the street yesterday morning.
A.friend of my father‘s B.friend of my father
C.my father‘s friend D.father‘s friend
3.He read in ______ paper that ______ industry is developing at a high speed.
A.today„China‘s B.today‘s„China C.today‘s„China‘s D.today„China
答案
I.名词
可数名词与不可数名词
1.B: sugar 2.C: a piece of furniture 3.A 4.B 5.much homework 6.C 7.make room for 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.A
名词复数1.D: feet 2.A: people 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.C
主谓一致
1.D: is 2.C: is covered 3.B 4.B 5.B: was 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.D 12.B: is over 13.A
名词所有格
1.D 2.A 3.C Ⅲ.代词
重点:区分人称代词的主格与宾格; 区分名词型与形容词型的物主代词,反身代词;不定代词; it的用法.
1.Mary has just called and asked ______ to have lunch with her tomorrow.
A.you and I B.you and me C.I and you D.me and you
2.Last Sunday ______ had a picnic in Beihai Park.
A.John, Mary and me B.John, I and Mary C.John, Mary and I D.I, John and Mary
3.Let‘s clean their room first and ______ later.
A.ours B.us C.we D.I
4.You have a good suggestion, I should say.But it‘s not as practical as ______.
A.my B.mine C.me D.I
5.My car is not so fashionable as ______.
A.he‘s B.he C.his D.his‘
6.A chemist prepares his experiments carefully before trying to carry ______ in his lab.
A.it out B.out it C.them out D.out them
7.When she had bought himself a new bicycle, she sold her old one.
8.You‘re wasting good food.You‘ve hardly eaten ______ of it.
A.some B.part C.little D.any
9.I‘ve got some new records, If you like, you can take ______ of them for the weekend.
A.none B.both C.any D.either
10.Study things that are like each other in ______ way.
A.no B.same C.the D.some
11.She always buys ______ my birthday.
A.anything nice to B.anything nice for C.something nice to D.something nice for
12."Are my books on the table?" "No, there aren‘t something on it.
13.You have to hurry up if you want to buy eggs because ther re‘s hardly something left.
14.Has anyone seen my dictionary ______?
A.everywhere B.something C.nowhere D.anywhere
15.They didn‘t give us ______ help.
A.a lot of B.much C.many D.plenty of
16.He felt bad because he had drunk too many the night before.
17.This book is very difficult, but ______ people understand it.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
18.Usually there is ______ traffic in the streets on weekdays than on Sundays
A.little B.le C.few D.fewer
19.-I‘d like some more bananas.--I‘m sorry, there‘s ______ left.
A.no B.some C.few D.none
20.______ of them knew about the plan because it was secret.
A.Some B.Any C.No one D.None
21.Nowadays ______ seems to enjoy looking at fat girls.That is why many companies have developed special foods to help people to slim.
A.everyone B.anybody C.somebody D.no one
22.Young babies can use ______ hand equally well.
A.either B.each C.both D.every
23.______ of his parents is short-sighted, but he is.
A.None B.Either C.Neither D.Both
24.I asked two people to help me start my car.But ______ of them knew what to do.
A.either B.none C.both D.neither
25.______ road out of town is good, but this one is better than the other.
A.Both B.All C.None D.Neither
26.-Which of these two ties will you take?
--I‘ll take ______ to give me a change sometimes.
A.either B.both C.neither D.all
27.There are two windows in this bedroom.______ of them face south, overlooking a beautiful park.
A.Both B.One C.The D.Either
28.The World Trade Center is higher than ______ I have ever seen during my visit.
A.any building B.any other building C.all the building D.all of buildings
29.Some people hope to be more succeful while ______ simply want to feel more comfortable
A.the others B.others C.the other D.another
30.Some people go on diets.people exercise with special equipment, take medicine, or even have surgery.
A.Others B.Other C.All D.Those
31.It was terrible.One paenger was killed, and ______ was badly hurt.
A.the others B.rest C.the other D.the rest
32.She promised her parents to write ______ while she was away.
A.other day B.other days C.every other day D.any other day
33.After seeing the film, I felt ______ my friend.
A.same as B.the same as C.same with D.the same for
34.In the world no country has exactly the same folk music ______ that of any other countries.
A.with B.as C.to D.like
35.______ those books do you want?
A.What are B.Which of C.Which are D.What
It的用法
作代词
1.It is often easier to select a particular tool than to use them correctly.
2.-The phone is ringing.
-Who could ______ be? It is already midnight.
A.he B.it C.this D.there
作形式主语
1.学好一门语言是不容易的.[I t is not easy to master a language / to learn a language well.]
2.去火车站步行需要半小时.[It takes half an hour to walk to the railway station.]
3.(我用了一周的时间) to finish reading the novel.
[It took me a week]
4.______ took us several hours to clear the snows and open the road to traffic.
A.They B.All C.He D.It
5.It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big pair of feet.
6.It‘s really hard for us to ______ all poisonous gases.
A.get rid to B.get rid of C.get the rid D.give rid of
7.It hasn‘t been decided yet ______ we are going to build physics lab.
A.that B.which C.what D.whether
8.______ doesn‘t matter what you do at this point.
A.That B.This C.It D.What
作形式宾语
1.We all regard ______ our duty to help who are too poor to go to school.
A.this B.it C.that D.which
2.Modem technology has made ______ poible for the whole world to be close than ever before.
A.this B.that C.it D.it‘s
3.He made it plain ______ he was annoyed with me.
A.that B.what C.which D.whether
4.People have proved them to be true that the heat we get from coal and oil comes from the sun.
5.I don‘t think that poible to master a foreign language without much memory.
强调句型
1.It ______ John and Kate who helped me the other day.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
2.It was her who suggested that he go to New York in order to get a direct flight.
3.It was the United States that they came to know each other and got married.
4.It was at the music hall ______ we met each other for the first time.
A.when B.where C.which D.that
5.It was last night when I saw your brother at the cinema.
6.It was in 1989 ______ I met John.
A.when B.that C.which D.at that time
7.It was between 1920 and 1930 ______ television was invented in America.
A.which B.that C.then D.when
8.It was not until 1936 ______ basketball became a part of the Olympic Games.
A.which B.than C.that D.then
9.It was until he got a map that he started on his way.
10.It is during his spare time ______ John has been studying a course in French.
A.when B.that C.which D.what
固定句型
1.It has been le than three months before she joined the army.
[句型"it is/has been+一段时间+since从句"表示"某事已经发生多久了".]
2.To my surprise, ______ turned out that John failed in his examination.
A.it B.as C.what D.he
[it turns out that „„.表示"竟然"]
III.代词答案
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B: herself 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.D 12.C: isn‘t anything 13.C: anything 14.D 15.B 16.C: much 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.D 21.D 22.A 13.C 24.D 25.D 26.B 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.B 31.C 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.B
It 的用法
作代词 1.D: it 2.B
作形式主语 4.D 6.B 7.D 8.C
作形式宾语 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A: it 5.A: it
强调句型 1.B 2.A: she 3.A: in the United Stated 4.D 5.B: that 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A: not until 10.B
固定句型 1.C: since 2.A
