There be 句型
There be 句型
（一）
[学习要点]
一、There be 结构的句子用来表示某地存在着某物或人，因此，我们也称它为“存在句”。我们用there is ...表示单数，there are ...表示复数。具体地说：
1.There is ...的句子与可数名词单数和不可数句词一起用。 eg: There is a book on the desk .(书桌上有一本书。) There is some juice in the bottle.(瓶子里有一些果汁。) 2.There are ...的句子与可数名词复数一起用。
eg: There are some books on the desk.(书桌上有一些书。)
二、there be 句子的结构的排列为： There be + 名词（词组）+地点，它与汉语词序的排列不同，
eg: 书桌上 有 一本书 There is a book on the desk.
三、当把肯定陈述句改为否定陈述句时，把否定词not放在be动词后面。 eg: 1.There is a book on the desk . There is not a book on the desk. 2.There are three pens in the pencil case. There are not three pens in the pencil case 3.There are some children in the zoo. There are not any children in the zoo.
四、从例3中我们可以看到：不定代词some用在肯定句中，在否定句中用any 代替some.
[教师点拨]
一、在there be结构的句子中，动词后面的人或物不用特指。 eg: There is a pineapple on the table. There are some fish in the water.
二、there be结构的主谓一致。be的数与后面的名词一致，若be后是两个或多个并列的名词，be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。
eg: There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。
There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.桌上有两本书、一支钢笔和许多铅笔。
[强化练习]
一、用is,are 填空。
1.There _________ a boy in the claroom.2.There _________ some juice in the bottle.(瓶子) 3.There _________ some girls behind the house.4.There _________ many flowers in the garden.5.There _________ five pencils in the pencil-case.6.There _________ a lion and two sheep in the zoo.7.There _________ two birds and one cat in the tree.8.There _________ a kindergarten next to the swimming pool.9.There _________ some ice cream in the bowl.(碗) 10.There _________ some animals in the zoo.
二、将下列句子改成否定句。
1.There is a big cake on the table.____________________________________________.
2.There is some tea in the cup.(杯)____________________________________________.3.There are five children in the park._________________________________________.4.There are some monkeys in the zoo.__________________________________________.5.There are many pears on the desk.___________________________________________.6.There is an egg on the table.________________________________________________.7.There are seven books in my bag.(书包)_______________________________________.8.There are many bookshops in Beijing._________________________________________.9.There is a rabbit and two dogs on the sofa.__________________________________.10.There are five books and a pencil-case._____________________________________.
三、汉译英。
1.我的书包里有许多书。 2.学校后面没有一个大操场。
3.文具盒里面有一根格尺、三支钢笔和两块橡皮。 4.天空中有五只风筝。 5.书店里有许多书。
There be 句型
（二）
[学习要点]
一、分清have 和 there be 的不同。
1 have表示某人或某物拥有什么，我们称之为“拥有”。 2 there be 表示某个地方存在什么，我们称之为“存在有”。 there be + sb./sth.+时间/地点(副词或介词短语)； sb./sth.+ have +sb./sth.else eg: There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。 She has three cars.她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的)
二、分清 have 和 there be 表达时不同语序。 1.have 词序与中文相似。 2.there be 词序与中文不同。
三、have 表示“拥有”是指所属关系，无生命的物也可以拥有。 eg: The chair has four legs.椅子有四条腿。
四、有时既可以用have, 也可以用there be 表示同一个现象，只是所表示的侧重点不同。
eg: The room has a door. There is a door in the room.注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。
A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
There be 句型
（三）
[学习要点]
一、当我们把肯定陈述句改成一般疑问句的时候，只要将is或are与there交换位置。当回答一般疑问句时，必须先用yes表示肯定或用no表示否定。 eg:1.There is a book on the desk. -- Is there a book on the desk ?
-- Yes, there is ./ No, there is not . 2.There is some bread on the plate.(盘子) -- Is there any bread on the plate? -- Yes, there is./ No, there is not. 3.There are three pens in the pencil-case. -- Are there three pens in the pencil-case? -- Yes, there are ./ No, there are not. 4.There are some children in the park. -- Are there any children in the park ? -- Yes, there are ./ No, there are not. 5.There are many flowers in the garden. -- Are there many flowers in the garden? -- Yes, there are./ No, there are not.
二、不定代词some用在肯定句中，在一般疑问句与否定句中则用any。 [练习题]
一、把下列句子改成一般疑问句 1.There is a bus next to the car.2.There are many children on the playground.3.There is some water in the bottle.(瓶子)
答案：1.Is there a bus next to the car ? 2.Are there many children on the playground? 3.Is there any water in the bottle?
二、将下列句子改成否定句，一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答。
1.There is a pineapple on the table.
2.There is some tea in the cup.
3.There are five apples in the desk.
4.There are some cats behind the door.
5.There are many trees in the park。
There be 句型
（四）
[学习要点]
一、我们经常接触的there be 结构的特殊疑问句有两种： 1 What\'s + 介词短语？
eg: What\'s on the desk ? 书桌上有什么？ What\'s in the car ? 汽车里有什么？
What\'s behind the clouds ? 云朵的后面有什么？
回答可以是单数，也可以是复数，也就是说无论问单数还是复数，一律用What\'s开头。
2 How many + 句词复数+are there + 介词短语？
eg: How many books are there on the desk ? 书桌上有多少本书？ How many pandas are there in the zoo ? 动物园里有多少只熊猫？
二、对于上面提到的两种特殊疑问句在回答时应该注意：
1 用What 提问时，虽然问句中是单数动词，回答时按实际情况可以用单数动词，也可以用复数动词。
eg: What\'s on the table? There is some bread on table . There are some apples on table .2 用how many 提问时，虽然问句中是复数动词，回答时按实际情况可以用单数动词，也可以用复数动词。
eg: How many children are there in the claroom ? There is one child in the claroom. There are four children in the claroom.[教师点拨]
一、在there be 结构的句子里，用what 对句子中的人或物提问；用how many 对人或物的数量提问。
eg: There are two sofas in the room. -- What\'s in the room ? There are two sofas in the room. -- How many sofas are there in the room ?
二、What\'s in the room ? 和 What\'s that in the room ? 属于两种不同类型的特殊疑问句，回答的时候方法不用。 eg: What\'s in the room ? --- There is a desk in the room . --- My desk is in the room . What\'s that in the room ? --- It\'s a desk .
三、在there be 结构中的句子中，我们不用能where 对地点提问。 [典型例题] 1 There are some books in the desk .(对划线部分提问)
What\'s in the desk ? 2 There are three pencils in the pencil-case.（对划线部分提问） How many pencils are there in the pencil-case?
