阅读2教案

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阅读教程第二册教案

Reading to Develop Your Ideas Book 2

Unit 1 Human Relationship Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

Pre-reading (20 minutes) 1.Discu the quotations in cla and invite students to give their own interpretations (6 minutes).2.Ask students to give all the ideas that jump to their minds in relevance to the topic under discuion (6 minutes).3.Group discuion on the pre-reading questions (8 minutes).In-reading (140 minutes) 1.The explanation of the content of each reading should be done at the same time when the answers to the exercises are being discued.2.Each reading may take about 25-35 minutes depending on the length and difficulty level.3.Always encourage students to relate discuion questions to the texts and then expand on them.Post-reading (40 minutes) 1.The reading paage is done in cla as a fast reading practice and is timed by the teacher (10 minutes).2.Group work

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

c.Ask students to share their understanding of the book they have read in Reading Salon.Ask them to describe the contents and main characters and present to others what they like about the book, what they don‟t like about the book, and why.It is important that each student participate.(15 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One ream: If you say that there are reams of paper or reams of writing, you mean that there are large amounts of it.(INFORMAL) Their specific task is to sort through the reams of information and try to determine what it may

阅读教程第二册教案

mean...reams of work to do 大量的工作要做

premise: A premise is something that you suppose is true and that you use as a basis for developing an idea.(FORMAL) The premise is that schools will work harder to improve if they must compete...= aumption adversarial: If you describe something as adversarial, you mean that it involves two or more people or organizations who are opposing each other.(FORMAL)

In our country there is an adversarial relationship between government and busine.whereby: A system or action whereby something happens is one that makes that thing happen.(FORMAL) [关系副词]凭那个; 由此

...the system whereby Britons choose their family doctors and the government pays those doctors...They voted to accept a deal whereby the union will receive nearly three-quarters of a million pounds from the International Miners Organisation.defuse: If you defuse a dangerous or tense situation, you calm it.The organization helped defuse potentially violent situations...sandwich: If you sandwich two things together with something else, you put that other thing between them.If you sandwich one thing between two other things, you put it between them.Sandwich the two halves of the sponge（海绵蛋糕）together with cream...perspective: A particular perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is influenced by your beliefs or experiences.He says the death of his father 18 months ago has given him a new perspective on life...Most literature on the subject of immigrants in France has been written from the perspective of the French themselves...I would like to offer a historical perspective.judgmental: If you say that someone is judgmental, you are critical of them because they form opinions of people and situations very quickly, when it would be better for them to wait until they know more about the person or situation.We tried not to seem critical or judgmental while giving advice that would protect him from ridicule...loaded: A loaded question or word has more meaning or purpose than it appears to have, because the person who uses it hopes it will cause people to respond in a particular way.That‟s a loaded question（言外有意的、话中有话的问题）.Avoid politically loaded terms.避免使用有政治色彩的词语。

unemotional: If you describe someone as unemotional, you mean that they do not show any feelings.British men are often seen as being reserved and unemotional...She began to read in a brisk, unemotional voice...≠ emotional conceion: If you make a conceion to someone, you agree to let them do or have something, especially in order to end an argument or conflict.The King made major conceions to end the confrontation with his people.

阅读教程第二册教案

collaboratively: Collaborative effort/work/project etc is a job or piece of work that involves two or more people working together to achieve something.“Collaboratively” is the adverb form.Check Your Vocabulary 1.Fisher and Ury‟s theory is based on the belief that the “win or lose” model does not work when two sides try to reach an agreement.2.Use positive statement surrounding ideas that are negative.3.You can often succefully resolve differences if you try this collaborative approach.New words and expreions for Reading Two field trip: [countable] (学生)实地考察旅行

an occasion when students go somewhere to learn about a particular subject, especially one connected with nature or science a geography field trip rib: Your ribs are the 12 pairs of curved bones that surround your chest.Her heart was thumping against her ribs...

poke: If you poke someone or something, you quickly push them with your finger or with a sharp object.Lindy poked him in the ribs.= jab cut it/that out: spoken used to tell someone to stop doing something because it is annoying you Hey, you guys, cut it out — Mom‟s trying to get some sleep.shove: If you shove someone or something, you push them with a quick, violent movement.He shoved her out of the way...He‟s the one who shoved me...She shoved as hard as she could.fling: If you fling something somewhere, you throw it there using a lot of force.The woman flung the cup at him...He once seized my knitting, flinging it acro the room.flutter: If something thin or light flutters, or if you flutter it, it moves up and down or from side to side with a lot of quick, light movements.Her chiffon skirt was fluttering in the night breeze....a butterfly fluttering its wings....the fluttering white lace handkerchief.dummy: especially American English informal someone who is stupid: No, you dummy.The other hand.grouchy: If someone is grouchy, they are very bad-tempered and complain a lot.(INFORMAL) Your grandmother has nothing to stop her from being bored, grouchy and lonely.haltingly: If you speak or do something in a halting way, you speak or do it slowly and with a lot of hesitation, usually because you are uncertain about what to say or do next. She spoke haltingly of her deep upset and hurt...jerk: If you jerk something or someone in a particular direction, or they jerk in a particular direction, they move a short distance very suddenly and quickly.Mr Griffin jerked forward in his chair...„This is Brady Coyne,‟ said Sam, jerking his head in my direction...Eleanor jerked her wrist free...

阅读教程第二册教案

thoughtle: If you describe someone as thoughtle, you are critical of them because they forget or ignore other people‟s wants, needs, or feelings.It was thoughtle of her to mention it...≠ thoughtful Check Your Comprehension 1.What were the students doing when the incident happened? They were waiting in line for their tickets on the field trip.

2.Who started the incident? Why did he do so? It was Ayo who started the incident.As he was hungry, annoyed, and restle, he looked around for something to do.3.What was Mel‟s reaction to Ayo‟s behavior? Mel became angry and asked Ayo to stop it.4.What happened to the ticket container? What did the ticket collector do then? The ticket container crashed to the floor and hundreds of tickets were flung toward the ticket collector.The ticket collector yelled at the guys and called them names.The man also grabbed Mel‟s arm and pushed him toward the scattered tickets.5.Who was Mr.Rivera? What did he say to those who were involved in the whole incident? Mr.Rivera was the students‟ teacher.He arranged their tour.When he knew about the whole incident, he blamed Ayo for his treatment of Mel and told Ayo to stay after school.Next he said to Mel that he could have avoided the problem if he had just moved away rather than trying to get back at Ayo and he also asked Mel and Ayo to go and pick up the tickets.Finally, he criticized the ticket collector for calling the boys bad names.New words and expreions for Reading Three ice storm: a storm in which snow or rain freezes on contact, forming a coat of ice on the surfaces it touches 冰暴，银光风暴：一种雪或雨触地后即结冰的风暴，在它接触过的表面上都会形成一层冰。 clear: When you clear an area or place or clear something from it, you remove things from it that you do not want to be there.To clear the land and harvest the bananas they decided they needed a male workforce...Workers could not clear the tunnels of smoke...Firemen were still clearing rubble from apartments damaged at the scene of the attack.irate: If someone is irate, they are very angry about something.The owner was so irate he almost threw me out of the place...= furious hysterical: Someone who is hysterical is in a state of uncontrolled excitement, anger, or panic.Police and bodyguards had to protect him as the almost hysterical crowds struggled to approach him...physical plant office: 物业办

deposit: A deposit is a sum of money which is part of the full price of something, and which you pay when you agree to buy it.A £50 deposit is required when ordering, and the balance is due upon delivery.= down payment bogus: If you describe something as bogus, you mean that it is not genuine....their bogus insurance claim...

阅读教程第二册教案

He said these figures were bogus and totally inaccurate.= phoney splutter: If someone splutters, they make short sounds and have difficulty speaking clearly, for example because they are embarraed or angry.„But it cannot be,‟ he spluttered...Molly leapt to her feet, spluttering and howling with rage.New words and expreions for Reading Four desert: If someone deserts you, they go away and leave you, and no longer help or support you.Mrs Roding‟s husband deserted her years ago...= abandon “Deserted” is the adjective form.

resort: If you resort to a course of action that you do not really approve of, you adopt it because you cannot see any other way of achieving what you want.His punishing work schedule had made him resort to drugs...adoption: [uncountable] the act of starting to use a particular plan, method, way of speaking etc facilitate: To facilitate an action or proce, especially one that you would like to happen, means to make it easier or more likely to happen.The new airport will facilitate the development of tourism...He argued that the economic recovery had been facilitated by his tough stance.= aid, aist physiological: adj.生理学的, 生理学上的

...the physiological effects of stre.distraction: A distraction is something that turns your attention away from something you want to concentrate on.Total concentration is required with no distractions.disposal: If you have something at your disposal, you are able to use it whenever you want, and for whatever purpose you want.If you say that you are at someone‟s disposal, you mean that you are willing to help them in any way you can.Do you have this information at your disposal?...If I can be of service, I am at your disposal.unconsciously：adv.无意地, 不知不觉地

„I was very unsure of myself after the divorce,‟ she says, unconsciously sweeping back the curls from her forehead.exercise: If you exercise something such as your authority, your rights, or a good quality, you use it or put it into effect.(FORMAL) They are merely exercising their right to free speech...Britain has warned travellers to exercise prudence and care.come into play: 开始起作用

Political considerations do come into play (= have an effect) when making policy.tune in: If you tune in to something such as your own or other people‟s feelings, you become aware of them.You can start now to tune in to your own physical, social and spiritual needs.Check Your Comprehension B 1.How often does this seriously affect people‟s communication and make them fail in building

阅读教程第二册教案

good relationships? 2.Every time parents and children disagree with each other, specialists often explain that “generation gap” is the reason.

3.We are not sure whether the term is an acceptable explanation because the word “generation” is used, but the other word “gap” can be applied when analyzing people‟s different opinions.4.Specialists in communications immediately challenge this belief and view it in a different way.5.A speaker may not speak as fast as the listener can think.6.Because they have free time to spend by themselves, the listeners probably think of other things and no longer concentrate.7.As people‟s interests vary, when the topic does not attract them, the listeners stop listening.8.If the speaker does not give a good impreion because of his looks or other matters, the listener would probably refuse to follow what the speaker says.Speed up Your Reading stuck-up: If you say that someone is stuck-up, you mean that are very proud and unfriendly because they think they are very important.(INFORMAL) She was a famous actre, but she wasn‟t a bit stuck-up.outburst: An outburst of an emotion, especially anger, is a sudden strong expreion of that emotion. ...a spontaneous outburst of cheers and applause...There has been another angry outburst against the new local tax introduced today.an outburst of laughter 一阵大笑 an outburst of indignation 勃然大怒

strike back: If you strike back, you harm or criticize someone who has harmed or criticized you.Our instinctive reaction when someone causes us pain is to strike back...Sometimes, Kappy got angry and struck back at him in whatever way she could...leading: The leading person or thing in a particular area is the one which is most important or succeful....a leading member of the community...get off lightly: also be let off lightly to be punished in a way that is le severe than you deserve He got off lightly because his father was a lawyer.raw: Raw weather feels unpleasantly cold....a raw December morning.= bitter raise a big fu: to complain or become very angry about something, especially when this is not neceary Josie raised a big fu because the soup was too salty.I don‟t know why you‟re raising such a big fu about it.squarely: directly or in the middle, rather than indirectly or at an angle I kept the gun aimed squarely at his eyes.understudy: An actor‟s or actre‟s understudy is the person who has learned their part in a play and can act the part if the actor or actre is ill.He was an understudy to Charlie Chaplin on a tour of the USA.studio: a room where radio or television programmes are recorded, CDs are produced, or films are made

阅读教程第二册教案

She‟s much happier performing live than in a recording studio.break into: If you break into a profeion or area of busine, especially one that is difficult to succeed in, you manage to have some succe in it.She finally broke into films after an acclaimed stage career.audition: v.do a trial performance 试演

I heard your record and I want you to come and audition.n.a trial performance 试演

boom: a deep loud sound that you can hear for several seconds after it begins, especially the sound of an explosion or a large gun

come through: If something comes through, it arrives, especially after some procedure has been carried out.The news came through at about five o‟clock on Election Day.We‟re still waiting for our exam results to come through.There is news just coming through of an explosion in a chemical factory.taffeta: shiny stiff material made of silk or nylon that is used mainly for making women‟s clothes babble: You can refer to people‟s voices as a babble of sound when they are excited and confused, preventing you from understanding what they are saying (the confused sound of many people talking at the same time) Kemp knocked loudly so as to be heard above the high babble of voices...the babble of a crowded party out-of-town: happening in another town or city 发生于外市的（不在纽约市的） the out-of-town début of a new musical 一场新音乐喜剧在外市的首次演出

tryout: an experimental performance of a play before its official opening 预演

sweet: obviously contrived to charm; precious矫揉造作的；明显地设法吸引的；做作的

bite: [uncountable] strong effect (a special quality in a performance, piece of writing etc that makes its arguments very effective and likely to persuade people) 感染力 The tale will have bite if its characters appear to be real.倘若故事中的人物显得真实，那么这个故事就有感染力。 The main idea of the story Through several incidents in childhood, Mary learned from her father how to listen to others‟ criticisms, hear the truth in the criticisms, and respect her own opinion.When she grew up, she did as her Daddy advised and made achievements in her career.

Unit 2 Growing-Up Pains Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.

阅读教程第二册教案

Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One: primitive: belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system ...studies of primitive societies.keep house: to regularly do all the cleaning, cooking etc in a house His daughter keeps house for him.puberty: the stage in someone‟s life when their body starts to become physically mature Margaret had reached the age of puberty.sit up: If you sit up, you do not go to bed although it is very late.We sat up drinking and talking...= stay up rein: If you keep a tight rein on someone, you control them firmly.Her parents had kept her on a tight rein with their narrow and inflexible views.poeive: wanting someone to have feelings of love or friendship for you and no one else poeive of/about She was terribly poeive of our eldest son.

阅读教程第二册教案

lenient: When someone in authority is lenient, they are not as strict or severe as expected.He believes the government already is lenient with drug traffickers...Profeor Oswald takes a slightly more lenient view.New words and expreions for Reading Two:

slur: A slur is an insulting remark which could damage someone‟s reputation.This is yet another slur on the integrity of the Metropolitan Police.= smear adolescent: An adolescent is an adolescent boy or girl.Young adolescents are happiest with small groups of close friends.= teenager spiteful: Someone who is spiteful does cruel things to hurt people they dislike.He could be spiteful.

...a stream of spiteful telephone calls.= malicious descent: When you want to emphasize that a situation becomes very bad, you can talk about someone‟s or something‟s descent into that situation....his swift descent from respected academic to struggling small busineman.= decline resolve: If you resolve to do something, you make a firm decision to do it.(FORMAL) She resolved to report the matter to the hospital‟s nursing manager...She resolved that, if Mimi forgot this promise, she would remind her.secretive: If you are secretive, you like to have secrets and to keep your knowledge, feelings, or intentions hidden.Billionaires are usually fairly secretive about the exact amount that they‟re worth.bring on: If something brings on an illne, pain, or feeling, especially one that you often suffer from, it causes you to have it.Severe shock can bring on an attack of acne...Bob died of a heart attack, brought on by his lifestyle.

disillusionment: Disillusionment is the disappointment that you feel when you discover that something is not as good as you had expected or thought....his growing disillusionment with his work.= disenchantment inevitable: If something is inevitable, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided.If the case succeeds, it is inevitable that other trials will follow...The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.= unavoidable evaluation: [uncountable and countable] a judgment about how good, useful, or succeful something is We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system.They took some samples of products for evaluation.= aement infallibility: If a person or thing is infallible, they are never wrong.“Infallibility” is the noun form....exaggerated views of the infallibility of science.

阅读教程第二册教案

retreat: If you retreat, you move away from something or someone.„I‟ve already got a job,‟ I said quickly, and retreated from the room...authoritarian: If you describe a person or an organization as authoritarian, you are critical of them controlling everything rather than letting people decide things for themselves.Senior officers could be considering a coup to restore authoritarian rule.= dictatorial cow: If someone is cowed, they are made afraid, or made to behave in a particular way because they have been frightened or badly treated.(FORMAL) The government, far from being cowed by these threats, has vowed to continue its policy....cowing them into submiion.= intimidate Check Your Vocabulary A Answer each of the following questions with the information from the text.1.How do parents react when their children praise the homes of their friends? They often feel upset and regard it as an unfair criticism on their own cooking, cleaning or other housekeeping matters and sometimes they are foolish enough to reveal this feeling in front of their children and even more foolish to comment negatively on the friends‟ parents.2.How do children react when their parents behave like that? They are shocked by their parents‟ childish behavior and decide that in future they will not talk to their parents about the places or people they visit.3.What complaints do parents make when their children do not talk much to them?

They will complain that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything.4.What kind of parents do children want?

They like parents to be people who will admit their mistakes when they have done something wrong, or when they have been ignorant, unfair or unjust.Children don‟t like parents who refuse to admit that they do make mistakes.New words and expreions for Reading Three: baffling: If something is baffling, it is hard to understand and explain.savor: If you savor an experience, you enjoy it as much as you can.She savored her newfound freedom...trampoline: A trampoline is a piece of equipment on which you jump up and down as a sport.It consists of a large piece of strong cloth held by springs in a frame.immortality: [uncountable] the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever the immortality of the soul launch: If you launch somebody, you suddenly send them flying, like a space shuttle leaving the Earth.daffodil: a yellow spring flower with a central part shaped like a tube and a long stem.paternal: Paternal is used to describe feelings or actions which are typical of those of a kind father towards his child.He put his hand under her chin in an almost paternal gesture.rewarding: An experience or action that is rewarding gives you satisfaction or brings you benefits....a career which she found stimulating and rewarding...= satisfying

阅读教程第二册教案

project: If something is projected, it is planned or expected.Africa‟s mid-1993 population is projected to more than double by 2025...The government had been projecting a 5% consumer price increase for the entire year....a projected deficit of $1.5 million.fast: If you fast, you eat no food for a period of time, usually for either religious or medical reasons, or as a protest.I fasted for a day and half and asked God to help me.batch: A batch of things or people is a group of things or people of the same kind, especially a group that is dealt with at the same time or is sent to a particular place at the same time.Check Your Comprehension B 1.One child sits in a chair and sticks out his/her leg so that another one running by is launched like a space shuttle.2.Several children run to the same door, grab the same handle, and beat each other up, ignoring the fact that there are other doors available.

3.In restaurants, small children cast their bread on the water in the glaes the waiter has just brought.4.A child uses a chair to slip to the floor.5.They yell at each other with one sticking his/her foot inside the door and waving it around, and the other being disgusted but refusing to close the door.Check Your Vocabulary A 1.You have decided to give up the joys of producing copies of some great art pieces at your own ease in order to instead produce copies of yourselves, who keep you on the edge of desperation.2.“Well,” I said, searching deep inside myself to give a paternal suggestion, “The best way is to close your door.”

3.And we decided to have children not for the reason of making my wife look older.4.We did not plan to lose the days when we went shopping after enjoying a comfortable brunch together on fine Saturdays.New words and expreions for Reading Four rotten: If you describe someone as rotten, you are insulting them or criticizing them because you think that they are very unpleasant or unkind.(INFORMAL) You rotten swine! How dare you?...≠ nice spoiled: a spoiled person, especially a child, is rude and behaves badly because they have always been given what they want and allowed to do what they want Ben was a spoilt brat (= a spoiled and unpleasant child).Their children were spoiled rotten (= very spoiled).manipulative: If you describe someone as manipulative, you disapprove of them because they skilfully force or persuade people to act in the way that they want.He described Mr Long as cold, calculating and manipulative...acid-tongued: adj.尖刻的 villaine: 女恶棍, 坏女人

nasty: If you describe a person or their behaviour as nasty, you mean that they behave in an unkind and unpleasant way.What nasty little snobs you all are...

阅读教程第二册教案

The guards looked really nasty...Mummy is so nasty to me when Daddy isn‟t here.= horrid ≠ nice glare: A glare is an angry, hard, and unfriendly look.His glaes magnified his irritable glare.pug-nose: 短而扁平的鼻子

thrive: If someone or something thrives, they do well and are succeful, healthy, or strong.Today his company continues to thrive......the river‟s thriving population of kingfishers.squeak: To squeak through or squeak by means to only just manage to get accepted, get included in something, or win something.The President‟s economic package（提议）squeaked through the House of Representatives by 219 votes to 213...bulldozer: A bulldozer is a large vehicle with a broad metal blade at the front, which is used for knocking down buildings or moving large amounts of earth.perceptive: If you describe a person or their remarks or thoughts as perceptive, you think that they are good at noticing or realizing things, especially things that are not obvious.He was one of the most perceptive US political commentators.sabotage: If someone sabotages a plan or a meeting, they deliberately prevent it from being succeful.He accused the opposition of trying to sabotage the election...hurtful: If you say that someone‟s comments or actions are hurtful, you mean that they are unkind and upsetting.Her comments can only be hurtful to Mrs Green‟s family.= upsetting sting: If someone‟s remarks sting you, they make you feel hurt and annoyed.He‟s a sensitive lad and some of the criticism has stung him...= hurt off limits: If someone is off limits, you are not allowed to go out with them.sneak: If you sneak somewhere, you go there very quietly on foot, trying to avoid being seen or heard.Sometimes he would sneak out of his house late at night to be with me...juggle: If you juggle numbers or ideas, or juggle with them, you rearrange them repeatedly in order to make them fit the pattern that you want them to fit.blow up in somebody‟s face: If something you have done or planned to do blows up in your face, it suddenly goes wrong.One of his deals had just blown up in his face.simultaneously: at the same time The two guns fired almost simultaneously...razor-sharp: A cutting tool that is razor-sharp is extremely sharp....a razor sharp butcher‟s knife.addiction: the condition of taking harmful drugs and being unable to stop taking them She helped him fight his drug addiction....long-term addiction to nicotine.

阅读教程第二册教案

suicidal: If you describe an action or behaviour as suicidal, you mean that it is very dangerous.They realized it would be suicidal to resist in the face of overwhelming military superiority.gutle: If you describe someone as gutle, you think they have a weak character and lack courage or determination.By attacking me, by attacking my wife, he has proved himself to be a gutle coward.unleash: If you say that someone or something unleashes a powerful force, feeling, activity, or group, you mean that they suddenly start it or send it somewhere.Then he unleashed his own, unstoppable, attack...The officers were still reluctant to unleash their troops in pursuit of a defeated enemy.a new lease on/of life: If you say that someone or something has been given a new lease of life, you are emphasizing that they are much more lively or succeful than they have been in the past.The operation has given me a new lease of life.penetrate: If something or someone penetrates a physical object or an area, they succeed in getting into it or paing through it.X-rays can penetrate many objects...rigid: A rigid substance or object is stiff and does not bend, stretch, or twist easily....rigid plastic containers...≠ flexible suffocating: If you say that you are suffocating or that something is suffocating you, you mean that you feel very uncomfortable because there is not enough fresh air and it is difficult to breathe.That‟s better.I was suffocating in that cell of a room...The airlene of the room suffocated her.persona: Someone‟s persona is the aspect of their character or nature that they present to other people, perhaps in contrast to their real character or nature.(FORMAL) ...the contradictions between her private life and the public persona...= image New words and expreions for Section Three match up with: seem the same or are connected in some way The DNA samples found on her body did not match up with a sample taken from the accused.sidelong: If you give someone a sidelong look, you look at them out of the corner of your eyes.She gave him a quick sidelong glance.Write down the main idea of the text here.Adolescents have to experience several internal crisis to finally grow up — crises caused by body changes; by a lo of identity; by a struggle to be different to impre others; and finally by the need for independence.By struggling through each of the crisis areas, adolescents will get into real adulthood.

Unit 3 Body Image Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context;

阅读教程第二册教案

7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One: transform: To transform something or someone means to change them completely and suddenly so that they are much better or more attractive.The Minister said the Urban Development Corporation was now transforming the area...He said she had transformed him from a hard-drinking womanizer into a devoted husband and father.snub: Someone who has a snub nose has a short nose which points slightly upwards.texture: The texture of something is the way that it feels when you touch it, for example how smooth or rough it is.Aloe Vera is used in moisturizers to give them a wonderfully silky texture...spots: British English a small raised red mark on someone‟s skin, especially on their face [= pimple] Becka was very self-conscious about her spots.plumpne: You can describe someone or something as plump to indicate that they are rather fat

阅读教程第二册教案

or rounded.Maria was small and plump with a ma of curly hair......red pears, ripe peaches and plump nectarines（油桃）.lustrous: Something that is lustrous shines brightly and gently, because it has a smooth or shiny surface....a head of thick, lustrous, wavy brown hair.slanting: Something that is slanting is sloping, rather than horizontal or vertical.inscrutable: If a person or their expreion is inscrutable, it is very hard to know what they are really thinking or what they mean.In public he remained inscrutable.bombard: If you bombard someone with something, you make them face a great deal of it.For example, if you bombard them with questions or criticism, you keep asking them a lot of questions or you keep criticizing them.He bombarded Catherine with questions to which he should have known the answers...I‟ve been bombarded by the pre and television since I came back from Norway.perspiration: Perspiration is the liquid which comes out on the surface of your skin when you are hot or frightened.(FORMAL) His hands were wet with perspiration.= sweat in one’s mind’s eye: 在想像中, 在记忆中

defect: A defect is a fault or imperfection in a person or thing.He was born with a hearing defect....a defect in the aircraft caused the crash...= imperfection squint: If someone has a squint, their eyes look in different directions from each other.carbon copy: If you say that one person or thing is a carbon copy of another, you mean that they look or behave exactly like them.She‟s a carbon copy of her mother...Check Your Vocabulary 1.Some people prefer black hair, but other people like brown hair more.2.You have been so greatly influenced by the environment you are in that you tend to look at beauty that way.3.Women‟s magazines, advertisements and the media all focus their topics on appearance and looks, and they keep warning you about the harm and risk of bad breath, sweat, being too fat or too thin.4.The image you form about yourself may be very inaccurate.5.Good looks shouldn‟t exactly follow the model of any particular individual.New words and expreions for Reading Two: weigh: weigh on somebody/something to make someone feel worried and upset 使烦恼；使心情沉重

The desire for peace will weigh heavily on the negotiators.I‟m sure there‟s something weighing on his mind.

The burden of responsibility weighed heavily on his shoulders.

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dietician: A dietician is a person whose job is to give people advice about the kind of food they should eat.Dieticians often work in hospitals.psychiatrist: A psychiatrist is a doctor who treats people suffering from mental illne.dietary: You can use dietary to describe anything that concerns a person‟s diet.Dr Susan Hankinson has studied the dietary habits of more than 50,000 women...predispose: If something predisposes you to a disease or illne, it makes it likely that you will suffer from that disease or illne.(FORMAL)

...a gene that predisposes people to alcoholism.anorexia nervosa: Anorexia or anorexia nervosa is an illne in which a person has an overwhelming fear of becoming fat, and so refuses to eat enough and becomes thinner and thinner.honours: Honours is a type of university degree which is of a higher standard than a pa or ordinary degree....an honours degree in busine studies.purge: If you purge something of undesirable things, you get rid of them.He closed his eyes and lay still, trying to purge his mind of anxiety...= rid repatriation: n.遣返, 遣送回国

onset: The onset of something is the beginning of it, used especially to refer to something unpleasant.Most of the paes（关隘）have been closed with the onset of winter...= start nominate: If someone is nominated for a job or position, their name is formally suggested as a candidate for it.Under party rules each candidate has to be nominated by 55 Labour MPs...The public will be able to nominate candidates for awards such as the MBE....a presidential decree nominating him as sports ambaador.= propose indictment: An indictment is a formal accusation that someone has committed a crime.(mainly AM LEGAL) Prosecutors may soon seek an indictment on racketeering and fraud charges...= charge Check Your Comprehension A Answer the following questions with the information from the text.1.Who were the subjects of the Deakin University study by Ms.Thomas? They were 202 primary school students, most of them aged eight and nine.2.What were the findings of the previous Deakin study? Children as young as seven were unhappy with their bodies and nearly one-in-three girls and boys wanted to be thinner.3.How did Dr.Coventry comment on Ms.Thomas‟s study?

It was “worrying that a number of the children have these sorts of beliefs and attitudes,” and that there are more children with early-onset anorexia, which “is usually a lot more difficult to treat and usually a lot more severe,” though only a minority would go on to develop an eating disorder.4.According to Ms.Thomas, what should children be taught about their bodies?

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Ms.Thomas said children needed to learn that any body shape was acceptable and they should be proud of their body.5.How did Dr.Foulkes feel at the result of the recent study? He felt sad and guilty as a profeional on the eating disorder research program.New words and expreions for Reading Three: be on a health kick: If you are on a health kick, you show temporary, often obseive interest in your health condition.boob tube: the television.(mainly AM INFORMAL; in BRIT, use idiot box) ...hours spent in front of the boob tube. = TV calorie: Calories are units used to measure the energy value of food.People who are on diets try to eat food that does not contain many calories.A gla of wine does have quite a lot of calories....calorie controlled diets.elated: If you are elated, you are extremely happy and excited because of something that has happened.I was elated that my second heart bypa（心脏搭桥）had been succeful... = euphoric euphoria: Euphoria is a feeling of intense happine and excitement.There was euphoria after the elections...= elation to the point that: conj.到„„程度

belittle: If you belittle someone or something, you say or imply that they are unimportant or not very good.We mustn‟t belittle her outstanding achievement...= downplay slip away: 1 to leave a place secretly or without anyone noticing 2 if something such as an opportunity slips away, it is no longer available: This time, Radford did not let her chance slip away.put someone off: a.cause someone to lose interest or enthusiasm She wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of night shifts put her off.b.cause someone to feel dislike or distrust She had a coldne that just put me off.peruse: If you peruse something such as a letter, article, or document, you read it.(FORMAL) We perused the company‟s financial statements for the past five years...New words and expreions for Reading Four supermodel: a very famous fashion model locate: If you locate something or someone, you find out where they are.(FORMAL) The scientists want to locate the position of the gene on a chromosome...We‟ve simply been unable to locate him.= find peck away: to keep keyboarding information into a computer daintily: If you describe a movement, person, or object as dainty, you mean that they are small,

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delicate, and pretty.“Daintily” is the adverb form.

She walked daintily down the steps.headset: a pair of headphones with a voice transmitter attached 一副附有传话器的耳机

waif: If you refer to a child or young woman as a waif, you mean that they are very thin and look as if they have nowhere to live.流浪儿; 流浪少女 ...a dirty-faced waif of some five or six years...substantial: Substantial means large in amount or degree.(FORMAL) The party has just lost office and with it a substantial number of seats...= significant voluptuous: If you describe a woman as voluptuous, you mean that she has large breasts and hips and is considered attractive in a sexual way....a voluptuous, well-rounded lady with gloy black hair.epic: Something that is epic is very large and impreive....Columbus‟s epic voyage of discovery.He had produced a meal of epic proportions.plumptious: slightly fat in a fairly pleasant way — used especially about women or children, often to avoid saying the word fat The nurse was a cheerful plumptious woman.The baby‟s nice and plumptious.billow: When something made of cloth billows, it swells out and moves slowly in the wind. The curtains billowed in the breeze...Her pink dre billowed out around her.freak: INFORMAL someone who is extremely interested in a particular subject so that other people think they are strange or unusual a fitne freak

a religious freak

a computer freak catwalk: At a fashion show, the catwalk is a narrow platform that models walk along to display clothes. (British English) = runway (American English) weave: If you weave your way somewhere, you move between and around things as you go there.The cars then weaved in and out of traffic at top speed...He weaves his way through a crowd.embonpoint: The condition of being plump; stoutne.肥胖

pallid: Someone or something that is pallid is pale in an unattractive or unnatural way....helple grief on pallid faces.skimpy: Something that is skimpy is too small in size or quantity....skimpy underwear...snag: If you snag part of your clothing on a sharp or rough object or if it snags, it gets caught on the object and tears.She snagged a heel on a root and tumbled to the ground...Brambles snagged his suit...Local fishermen‟s nets kept snagging on underwater objects.giddy: If you feel giddy with delight or excitement, you feel so happy or excited that you find it hard to think or act normally.

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Anthony was giddy with self-satisfaction...Being there gave me a giddy pleasure.improbable: If you describe something as improbable, you mean it is strange, unusual, or ridiculous.On the face of it, their marriage seems an improbable alliance.= unlikely row: A row is a serious disagreement between people or organizations.(BRIT INFORMAL) This is likely to provoke a further row about the bank‟s role in the affair...= dispute Philip Treacy hat: 帽子设计师Philip Treacy，在时装界闻名遐迩。他设计的帽子充满贵族气派，犹如件件艺术瑰宝。

red-eyed: adj.眼圈哭红的

doorstep: a step just outside a door to a house or building on the doorstep He stood on the doorstep, straightening his tie.normality: Normality is a situation in which everything is normal.A semblance of normality has returned with people going to work and shops re-opening.bunny: [美俚]可爱的女郎

guru: A guru is a person who some people regard as an expert or leader.Fashion gurus dictate crazy ideas such as squeezing oversized bodies into tight trousers.bosom: A woman‟s breasts are sometimes referred to as her bosom or her bosoms.(OLD-FASHIONED) ...a large young mother with a baby resting against her ample bosom.= bust protégé: The protégé of an older and more experienced person is a young person who is helped and guided by them over a period of time.He had been a protégé of Captain James.giggle: If someone giggles, they laugh in a childlike way, because they are amused, nervous, or embarraed.Both girls began to giggle...„I beg your pardon?‟ she giggled....a giggling little girl.

hail: If a person, event, or achievement is hailed as important or succeful, they are praised publicly.Faulkner has been hailed as the greatest American novelist of his generation...US magazines hailed her as the greatest rock‟n‟roll singer in the world...Check Your Comprehension B Paragraph 2: Sophie is a rather big girl on the supermodel standard.Paragraph 3: She is quite normal outside fashion busine and she imprees people more by her smile, eyes and arms.Paragraph 6: Sophie was discovered unexpectedly but naturally.Speed Up Your Reading

take the rap: If you take the rap, you are blamed or punished for something, especially something that is not your fault or for which other people are equally guilty.(INFORMAL)

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When the client was murdered, his wife took the rap, but did she really do it? ethereal: very delicate and light, in a way that does not seem real 轻飘的, 缥缈的; 飘逸的

androgynous: If you describe someone as androgynous, you mean that they are not distinctly masculine or feminine in appearance or in behaviour.paedophilia: sexual activity with children or the condition of being sexually attracted to children.恋童癖

rangy: If you describe a person or animal as rangy, you mean that they have long, thin, powerful legs.(WRITTEN) ...a tall, rangy, redheaded girl.= long-legged downside: The downside of a situation is the aspect of it which is le positive, pleasant, or useful than its other aspects.The downside of this approach is a lack of clear leadership...≠ upside vouch: If you say that you can vouch for something, you mean that you have evidence from your own personal experience that it is true or correct.He cannot vouch for the accuracy of the story.pig out: If you say that people are pigging out, you are criticizing them for eating a very large amount at one meal.(INFORMAL) I stopped pigging out on chips and crisps.brandish: wave something around 挥舞

A man leapt out brandishing a kitchen knife.crash diet: an attempt to lose a lot of weight quickly by strictly limiting how much you eat A crash diet will leave you hungry, you will binge and you will not get anywhere.So to maximize the benefits to your metabolic rate, resolve never to crash diet again.

runway: American English a long narrow part of a stage that stretches out into the area where the audience sits

= catwalk British English

flip side: The flip side of a situation consists of the le obvious or le pleasant aspects of it.The trade deficit is the flip side of a rapidly expanding economy.scrawny: If you describe a person or animal as scrawny, you mean that they look unattractive because they are so thin.瘦得皮包骨的，骨瘦如柴的

...a scrawny woman with dyed black hair...empower: To empower someone means to give them the means to achieve something, for example to become stronger or more succeful.

What I‟m trying to do is to empower people, to give them ways to help them get well.Science empowers man to control natural forces more effectively.populate: v.（事物等）在„中占有位置，占据 His paintings were pupulated by strange creatures.The galaxies populate the space of the universe.whip: v.驱使；迫使；促使（on, up, in ）；激起；煽动（up） The fugitives wanted to rest, but the fear of capture whipped them on.Bodily exercise whips up the circulation.The orator whipped the crowd up to a state of frenzy.

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martini: [uncountable and countable] trademark an alcoholic drink made by mixing gin or vodka with vermouth spread: a soft food which is put on bread 涂在面包上的软质食品

wallow: If you say that someone is wallowing in an unpleasant situation, you are criticizing them for being deliberately unhappy.His tired mind continued to wallow in self-pity...deferral: arranging for something to happen at a later date bulimia: an illne in which a person cannot stop themselves from eating too much, and then vomits in order to control their weight 贪食症

pick at: to eat only small amounts of food because you do not feel hungry or do not like the food Paige could only pick at her meal, forcing down a mouthful or two.Speed Up Your Reading Write down the main idea of the text here.Everyone was curious about what and how much Ms.Mo ate.Being skinny, the famous model has come under such preure and hostility because thin women are regarded with a mixture of envy and profound suspicion.Some feminists have the idea that skinny girls must be secretly harming themselves and also harming the rest of us.This fallacy ignores the diversity of female bodies that surround us — in the real world and in the media.

Unit 4 Sleep and Dreams Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

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2.Each reading may take about 25-35 minutes depending on the length and difficulty level.3.Always encourage students to relate discuion questions to the texts and then expand on them.Post-reading (40 minutes) 1.The reading paage is done in cla as a fast reading practice and is timed by the teacher (10 minutes).2.Group work

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One: logy: characterized by lethargy; sluggish 懒散的：以懒散的特征的；行动迟钝的。

irritable: If you are irritable, you are easily annoyed.He had been waiting for over an hour and was beginning to feel irritable.simulate: If you simulate an object, a substance, or a noise, you produce something that looks or sounds like it.The wood had been painted to simulate stone...endorphin: [countable usually plural] a chemical produced by your body that reduces pain and can make you feel happier 内啡肽

relieve: If something relieves an unpleasant feeling or situation, it makes it le unpleasant or causes it to disappear completely.Drugs can relieve much of the pain...antidote: Something that is an antidote to a difficult or unpleasant situation helps you to overcome the situation.Maage is a wonderful antidote to stre.= cure, remedy heavy: A heavy meal is large in amount and often difficult to digest.He had been feeling drowsy, the effect of an unusually heavy meal.= filling ≠ light spicy: hot Thai food is hot and spicy.groggy: If you feel groggy, you feel weak and rather ill.(INFORMAL)

She was feeling a bit groggy when I saw her.tryptophan: An eential amino acid, formed from proteins during the digestive proce by the action of proteolytic enzymes.

色氨酸：一种重要的氨基酸，在消化过程中，通过蛋白水解作用酶的运动而由蛋白质形成。

eosinophilia: 嗜曙红细胞过多, 嗜曙红血球增多 myalgia: 肌痛

stimulant: A stimulant is a drug that makes your body work faster, often increasing your heart

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rate and making you le likely to sleep.nicotine: Nicotine is the substance in tobacco that people can become addicted to.Nicotine marks stained his chin and fingers.diet pills: 减肥药丸

ephedrine: [药]麻黄碱, 麻黄素

restorative: Something that is restorative makes you feel healthier, stronger, or more cheerful after you have been feeling tired, weak, or miserable.She opened the door to her bedroom, thinking how restorative a hot bath would feel tonight.sedative: Something that has a sedative effect calms you or makes you sleep.Amber bath oil has a sedative effect.wear off: If a sensation or feeling wears off, it disappears slowly until it no longer exists or has any effect.For many the philosophy was merely a fashion, and the novelty soon wore off...Now that the initial shock was wearing off, he was in considerable pain...unrefreshed: adj.昏昏沉沉

A small gla of wine once in a while at bedtime may help relax you, but stronger drink disturbs the quality of sleep, leaving you unrefreshed in the morning.unwind: When you unwind, you relax after you have done something that makes you tense or tired.It helps them to unwind after a busy day at work...circadian: [only before noun]

relating to a period of 24 hours, used especially when talking about changes in people‟s bodies the body‟s circadian rhythm drift: to gradually change from being in one condition, situation etc into another without realizing it drift into

She was just drifting into sleep when the alarm went off.He drifted in and out of consciousne.Check Your Comprehension 1.By sleeping in total darkne during the day and working under bright lights that simulate sunlight, rather than conventional indoor lighting.

2.It relaxes muscles and stimulates the release of endorphins — chemicals that act as natural pain relievers.3.No.4.We need to keep a meal schedule to get a good sleep.5.We should refrain from a) eating too late in the evening; b) eating heavy or spicy food in the evening; and c) snacking in the middle of the night.6.The side effects of taking sleeping pills are: a) feeling groggy; b) insomnia getting worse; c) developing a tolerance for sleeping pills; and d) a potentially fatal blood disorder with some sleeping pills.7.Alcohol supprees restorative dream sleep, causes numerous short awakenings and may leave you awake but unrefreshed toward morning.8.We can read a book, listen to quiet music, take a hot bath or try relaxation techniques, such as meditation or yoga.

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9.Lights absorbed through the eyes can reset our biological clocks and make our sleep problems worse.10.We should stay in bed because we would still get some rest that way.Check Your Vocabulary 1.Because exercise can relax muscles and increase the release of endorphins, which are chemicals that are natural agents to reduce or get rid of pain, it helps to overcome stre.2.There are no special foods to help you sleep, but you can have a regular timetable for your meals, just like a regular sleep timetable.A regular timetable for your meals helps keep your body clock running smoothly.3.Your body can also become used to the pills, and after a while they are no longer effective and you need larger doses or stronger drugs.4.Alcohol reduces refreshing dream sleep, causes numerous short awakenings and, once its calming effects have disappeared, may leave you wide awake but unrefreshed toward morning.5.The researchers used bright light which is as strong as natural sunlight just after dawn (at least 100 times stronger than ordinary room light), which reset subjects‟ body clocks by as much as 12 hours and made them as alert at midnight as they would ordinarily be at noon.New words and expreions for Reading Two:

vivid: If you describe memories and descriptions as vivid, you mean that they are very clear and detailed.People of my generation who lived through World War II have vivid memories of confusion and incompetence...On Wednesday night I had a very vivid dream which really upset me.prick: If something sharp pricks you or if you prick yourself with something sharp, it sticks into you or prees your skin and causes you pain.She had just pricked her finger with the needle.manifest: If you manifest a particular quality, feeling, or illne, or if it manifests itself, it becomes visible or obvious.(FORMAL)

He manifested a pleasing personality on stage...Their frustration and anger will manifest itself in crying and screaming...= show rouse: If someone rouses you when you are sleeping or if you rouse, you wake up.(LITERARY) Hilton roused him at eight-thirty by rapping on the door...When I put my hand on his, he stirs but doesn‟t quite rouse.= wake prophetic: If something was prophetic, it described or suggested something that did actually happen later.This ominous warning soon proved prophetic...integrity: If you have integrity, you are honest and firm in your moral principles.I have always regarded him as a man of integrity...whine: If something or someone whines, they make a long, high-pitched noise, especially one which sounds sad or unpleasant.He could hear her dog barking and whining in the background...The engines whined.twitch: If something, especially a part of your body, twitches or if you twitch it, it makes a little

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jumping movement.When I stood up to her, her right cheek would begin to twitch...Stern twitched his shoulders.analogy: If you make or draw an analogy between two things, you show that they are similar in some way.It is probably easier to make an analogy between the courses of the planets, and two trains travelling in the same direction.revert: When people or things revert to a previous state, system, or type of behaviour, they go back to it.Jackson said her bo became increasingly depreed and reverted to smoking heavily.

disguise: To disguise something means to hide it or make it appear different so that people will not know about it or will not recognize it.He made no attempt to disguise his agitation（焦虑；不安）...fanciful: If you describe an idea as fanciful, you disapprove of it because you think it comes from someone‟s imagination, and is therefore unrealistic or unlikely to be true....fanciful ideas about Martian life...Designing silicon chips to mimic human organs sounds fanciful.New words and expreions for Reading Three: fulfillment: The fulfillment of a promise, threat, request, hope, or duty is the event or act of it happening or being made to happen.Visiting Angkor was the fulfillment of a childhood dream.= realization shaft: A shaft is a long vertical paage, for example for a lift.He was found dead at the bottom of a lift shaft....old mine shafts.activation: If a device or proce is activated, something causes it to start working.“Activation” is the noun form.A computer controls the activation of an air bag.synthesis: A synthesis of different ideas or styles is a mixture or combination of these ideas or styles.(FORMAL) His novels are a rich synthesis of Balkan（巴尔干半岛的） history and mythology...pons: A pons is a band of nerve fibres on the ventral surface of the brain stem.脑桥

impulse: An impulse is a short electrical signal that is sent along a wire or nerve or through the air, usually as one of a series.cortex: The cortex of the brain or of another organ is its outer layer.(MEDICAL) ...the cerebral cortex.大脑皮层

neuron: A neuron is a cell which is part of the nervous system.Neurons send meages to and from the brain.(TECHNICAL)

Information is transferred along each neuron by means of an electrical impulse.neural: Neural means relating to a nerve or to the nervous system.(MEDICAL) ...neural pathways in the brain.reconstruct: If you reconstruct something that has been destroyed or badly damaged, you build it and make it work again.The government must reconstruct the shattered economy...

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Although this part of Normandy was badly bombed during the war, it has been completely reconstructed.= rebuild illuminate: If you illuminate something that is unclear or difficult to understand, you make it clearer by explaining it carefully or giving information about it.(FORMAL) They use games and drawings to illuminate their subject.marital: Marital is used to describe things relating to marriage.Caroline was keen to make her marital home in London...Her son had no marital problems.royal road: n.捷径（坦途）

New words and expreions for Reading Four panther: A panther is a large wild animal that belongs to the cat family.Panthers are usually black.allusion: An allusion is an indirect reference to someone or something.The title is perhaps an allusion to AIDS.folkloric: adj.民间传说的

correlate: If one thing correlates with another, there is a close similarity or connection between them, often because one thing causes the other.You can also say that two things correlate.(FORMAL) Obesity correlates with increased risk for hypertension and stroke...The political opinions of spouses correlate more closely than their heights...The lo of respect for British science is correlated to reduced funding...At the highest executive levels earnings and performance aren‟t always correlated.indifferent: If you accuse someone of being indifferent to something, you mean that they have a complete lack of interest in it.People have become indifferent to the suffering of others.monochrome: A monochrome picture uses only one colour in various shades....an old monochrome etching of a brewery.decipher: If you decipher a piece of writing or a meage, you work out what it says, even though it is very difficult to read or understand.I‟m still no closer to deciphering the code.revolve: If you say that one thing revolves around another thing, you mean that the second thing is the main feature or focus of the first thing.Since childhood, her life has revolved around tennis...plague: If you are plagued by unpleasant things, they continually cause you a lot of trouble or suffering.She was plagued by weakne, fatigue, and dizzine...Fears about job security plague nearly half the workforce.Check Your Comprehension B 1.Paragraph 2: You may have different representations in your dreams.2.Paragraph 3: Whether the animals in your dreams have positive or negative meanings depends on how you feel about these animals.3.Paragraph 4: It is good to know the mood of your dream.4.Paragraph 5: Another tip in understanding your dreams is analyzing what feelings and emotions

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you had during them.5.Paragraph 6: The colour in dreams differs from people to people.New words and expreions for Section Three monumental: You can use monumental to emphasize the size or extent of something....a series of monumental disappointments.= huge, maive four-poster bed: also four-poster [countable] a bed with four tall posts at the corners, a cover fixed at the top of the posts, and curtains around the sides 有四根帷柱的床：有很高的原意为支撑床的华盖或顶棚的角柱的床。 debase: To debase something means to reduce its value or quality.(FORMAL) Politicians have debased the meaning of the word „freedom‟...= degrade what with something: spoken used to introduce a list of reasons that have made something happen or made someone feel in a particular way She couldn‟t get to sleep, what with all the shooting and shouting.Speed Up Your Reading

Write down the main idea of the text here.Getting to sleep at night and waking up in the morning are two perennial problems for human beings, who do not always regard sleep as very important.The importance we attach to sleep is correlated with what kind of beds we use for sleep and how highly we rate beds in our life.

Unit 5 Your Health Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

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a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One:

marathon: a race in which people run a distance of 26 miles, which is about 42 km Garcia ran the marathon in just under three hours.

creaky: something such as a door, floor, or bed that is creaky creaks when you open it, walk on it, sit on it etc, especially because it is old and not in good condition cro: Something that is a cro between two things is neither one thing nor the other, but a mixture of both.It was a lovely dog.It was a cro between a collie and a golden retriever.

shadow boxing: fighting with an imaginary opponent, especially as training for boxing deliberate: If a movement or action is deliberate, it is done slowly and carefully.agility: being able to move quickly and easily With surprising agility, Karl darted acro the road.sparrow: a small brown bird, very common in many parts of the world repulse: If an army or other group repulses a group of people, they drive it back using force.The armed forces were prepared to repulse any attacks.kick in: If something kicks in, it begins to take effect.As discounts kicked in, bookings for immediate travel rose by 15%...gateway: If something is a gateway to a job, career, or other activity, it gives you the opportunity to make progre or get further succe in that activity.The prestigious title offered a gateway to succe in the highly competitive world of modelling.chronic: A chronic illne or disability lasts for a very long time. ...chronic back pain.≠acute aerobic: Aerobic activity exercises and strengthens your heart and lungs.Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn up the fat.capacity: Your capacity for something is your ability to do it, or the amount of it that you are able to do.Our capacity for giving care, love and attention is limited...Her mental capacity and temperament are as remarkable as his....people‟s creative capacities.

阅读教程第二册教案

Check Your Comprehension B Answer the following questions with the information from the text.1.Do you have to be fit to start doing Tai Chi? Explain.

It is not yet determined whether Tai Chi can help those who are already frail.But older adults can practice Tai Chi to get benefits.Younger people can also benefit from Tai Chi‟s capacity to reduce stre.2.Who can benefit most from Tai Chi? Tai Chi offers the greatest benefit to older men and women who are healthy but relatively inactive.3.What are the benefits of practicing Tai Chi? Tai Chi not only improves people‟s physical health, but also has the capacity to reduce stre.4.Is Tai Chi effective in preventing diseases? Explain.According to an expert in chronic-disease prevention at Stanford University, Tai Chi cannot be the final solution to all the health problems, but Tai Chi plus walking would be a good mixture.5.In the light of this article, what are the distinctive features of Tai Chi as a health-enhancing exercise? Tai Chi combines intense mental focus with graceful and slow movements, offering the greatest benefit to older people.It is a mixture of relaxation and safety.Check Your Vocabulary 1.While many people in China and Chinatowns in other parts of the world have already known a lot about Tai Chi, the western researchers are just coming up from behind to reach the level of knowledge about Tai Chi from different perspectives.2.You can learn Tai Chi by following an instruction book or attending a Tai Chi cla.Either way the aim is to practice it in accordance with your physical health.

3.Tai Chi is a mixture of relaxation and safety.If pain is experienced, it means you are overdoing it and getting nothing.

4.You may need to practice Tai Chi for several months before you can feel the effects it may bring.But when you start enjoying the effects, you‟ll find yourself on your way to a new lifestyle.5.For older people, Tai Chi will not be the solution to all health problems.6.Though young people might prefer athletic activities that are more physically demanding, they can also benefit from practicing Tai Chi as it helps to reduce stre.New words and expreions for Reading Two:

scoop up: If you scoop something up, you put your hands or arms under it and lift it in a quick movement.Use both hands to scoop up the leaves...He began to scoop his things up frantically.

calf: Your calf is the thick part at the back of your leg, between your ankle and your knee.vigorously: with a lot of energy or force He shook his head vigorously...maage: If you maage someone or a part of their body, you squeeze and rub their body, in order to make them relax or reduce their pain.She continued maaging her right foot, which was bruised and aching.

阅读教程第二册教案

cramp: Cramp is a sudden strong pain caused by a muscle suddenly contracting.You sometimes get cramp in a muscle after you have been making a physical effort over a long period of time.Hillsden was complaining of cramp in his calf muscles...She started getting stomach cramps this morning.immune: If you are immune to something that happens or is done, you are not affected by it.Football is not immune to economic receion.tingle: When a part of your body tingles, you have a slight stinging feeling there.The backs of his thighs tingled.

excruciating: If you describe something as excruciating, you mean that it is very unpleasant to experience, for example because it is very boring or embarraing.Meanwhile, the boredom is excruciating...There was a moment of excruciating silence.stenosis: a constriction or narrowing of a duct or paage; a stricture （医学上）狭窄：一个管子或通道的收缩或狭窄；收紧。

circulation: Your circulation is the movement of blood through your body.Anyone with heart, lung or circulation problems should seek medical advice before flying....cold spots in the fingers caused by poor circulation.vascular: Vascular is used to describe the channels and veins through which fluids pa in the bodies of animals and plants.(TECHNICAL) ...the oldest known vascular plants....vascular diseases of the legs.occlusion: Medicine an obstruction or a

closure of a paageway or veel 【医学】梗塞：通道或脉管的阻塞或闭合。 femoral: of the thigh bone 大腿骨的, 股骨的 femoral artery 【解】股动脉

artery: a tube in your body that carry blood from your heart to the rest of your body.Compare vein....patients suffering from blocked arteries.buildup: a gradual increase in something There has been a buildup of troops on both sides of the border...The disease can also cause a buildup of preure in the inner ear leading to severe earache.plaque: a deposit of fatty material on the inner lining of an arterial wall, characteristic of atherosclerosis 斑(块)：动脉血管壁内脂肪物质的沉积，动脉粥样硬化的特征。

aorta: the main artery through which blood leaves your heart before it flows through the rest of your body prone: To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.For all her experience, she was still prone to nerves...People with fair skin who sunburn easily are very prone to develop skin cancer.atherosclerosis: A form of arteriosclerosis characterized by the deposition of atheromatous plaques containing cholesterol and lipids on the innermost layer of the walls of large- and medium-sized arteries.动脉粥样硬化：动脉硬化的一个形式，特点是大及中型动脉壁的最内层含胆固醇和脂肪的动脉粥样硬化块沉积。

阅读教程第二册教案

gangrene: the decay that can occur in a part of a person‟s body if the blood stops flowing to it, for example as a result of illne or injury Once gangrene has developed, the tiue is dead.set in: If something unpleasant sets in, it begins and seems likely to continue or develop.Then disappointment sets in as they see the magic is no longer there...Winter is setting in and the population is facing food and fuel shortages.clogged: When something clogs a hole or place, it blocks it so that nothing can pa through. There is something wrong with the pump.It must have been clogged up with dirt again.“泵打不动了,一定又是被污物堵塞住了。” The pipes were clogged with rubbish. 管子里塞满了脏物。

= blocked collateral: used to describe people or things that are descended from the same origin but that are not very closely related bypa: If a surgeon bypaes a diseased artery or other part of the body, he or she performs an operation so that blood or other bodily fluids do not flow through it.Small veins are removed from the leg and used to bypa the blocked up stretch of coronary arteries（冠状动脉）.stimulation: encouragement or inspiration These youngsters need some stimulation to make them work.为了使这些年青人工作, 需要鼓励一番。

increment: An increment in something or in the value of something is an amount by which it increases.(FORMAL) The average yearly increment in labour productivity in industry was 4.5 per cent...incline: An incline is land that slopes at an angle.(FORMAL) He came to a halt at the edge of a steep incline.= slope virtually: You can use virtually to indicate that something is so nearly true that for most purposes it can be regarded as true.Virtually all cooking was done over coal-fired ranges...It would have been virtually impoible to research all the information.

= almost red meat: meat such as beef or lamb, which is dark brown in colour after it has been cooked ≠white meat (meat such as chicken and pork, which is pale in colour after it has been cooked) cut back on: reduce Several major hospitals are cutting back on staff at the moment.cut way back on: reduce greatly sodium: Sodium is a silvery-white chemical element which combines with other chemicals.Salt is a sodium compound.The fish or seafood is heavily salted with pure sodium chloride.shed: To shed something means to get rid of it.(FORMAL) The firm is to shed 700 jobs...triumphant: Someone who is triumphant has gained a victory or succeeded in something and feels very happy about it.The captain‟s voice was triumphant...

阅读教程第二册教案

This trip was not like his first triumphant return home in 1990.give somebody a (good) run for their money: to make your opponent in a competition use all their skill and effort to defeat you They‟ve given some of the top teams a run for their money this season.invasive: An invasive medical procedure involves operating on a patient or examining the inside of their body.Check Your Vocabulary B 1.I thought I could not be affected by the gradual weakening of the body that other people seemed to be afflicted with when getting old.2.Your body is still in very good condition considering the fact that you are elderly.I hope doctors like me will be out of work because old people like you are healthy.3.Now as I began to walk the distance painstakingly, walking only two street blocks took me an hour.4.Once again I can compete with younger players.New words and expreions for Reading Three: bid: A bid for something or a bid to do something is an attempt to obtain it or do it.(JOURNALISM) ...Sydney‟s succeful bid for the 2000 Olympic Games...The Government has already closed down two newspapers in a bid to silence its critics.= attempt denounce: If you denounce a person or an action, you criticize them severely and publicly because you feel strongly that they are wrong or evil.

German leaders denounced the attacks and pleaded for tolerance...Some 25,000 demonstrators denounced him as a traitor.shedder: a person who sheds tears devastating: You can use devastating to emphasize that something is very shocking, upsetting, or terrible.The diagnosis was devastating.She had cancer.counterproductive: Something that is counterproductive achieves the opposite result from the one that you want to achieve.In practice, however, such an attitude is counter-productive...vocal: involving the use of the human voice, especially in singing whimper: If someone whimpers, they make quiet unhappy or frightened sounds, as if they are about to start crying.She lay at the bottom of the stairs, whimpering in pain...He made another pathetic whimpering sound.alleviate: If you alleviate pain, suffering, or an unpleasant condition, you make it le intense or severe.(FORMAL) Nowadays, a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain.= ease ≠ aggravate composition: When you talk about the composition of something, you are referring to the way in which its various parts are put together and arranged.Television has transformed the size and social composition of the audience at great sporting occasions...

阅读教程第二册教案

Forests vary greatly in composition from one part of the country to another.= make-up leucine: n.（名词）

An eential amino acid, C4H9CH(NH2)COOH, derived from the hydrolysis of protein by pancreatic enzymes during digestion and neceary for optimal growth in infants and children and for the maintenance of nitrogen balance in adults.

亮氨酸：一种重要的氨基酸，C4H9CH(NH2)COOH，由胰酶在消化过程中从蛋白质的水解作用中分离出来，对婴幼儿良好的生长发育及成人保持氮平衡十分必要。 enkephalin: n.（名词）

Either of two closely related pentapeptides having opiate qualities and occurring in the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the body.脑啡肽：两种紧密相关的五肽中任何一种，具有麻醉镇静作用，在大脑、脊髓带及身体其它部分发生作用。

prolactin: n.（名词）

A pituitary hormone that stimulates and maintains the secretion of milk.催乳激素：垂体荷尔蒙，它刺激和保证乳液的分泌。

endorphin: n.（名词）

Any of a group of peptide hormones that bind to opiate receptors and are found mainly in the brain.Endorphins reduce the sensation of pain and affect emotions.多肽，内啡肽：指将麻醉传感器联结在一起的任一肽激素群，主要存在大脑中，内啡肽可缓解痛感并影响情绪。

ill: [plural] problems and difficulties He wants to cure all the ills of the world.contact lens: n.Contact lenses are small plastic lenses that you put on the surface of your eyes to help you see better, instead of wearing glaes.lacrimal/lachrymal: of, relating to, or constituting the glands that produce tears 泪腺的

gland: A gland is an organ in the body which produces chemical substances for the body to use or get rid of.windshield: The windshield of a car or other vehicle is the gla window at the front through which the driver looks.(AM; in BRIT, use windscreen) cleanse: To cleanse a place, person, or organization of something dirty, unpleasant, or evil means to make them free from it.Straight after your last cigarette your body will begin to cleanse itself of tobacco toxins...Confeion cleanses the soul.debris: Debris is pieces from something that has been destroyed or pieces of rubbish or unwanted material that are spread around.A number of people were killed by flying debris.antibacterial: destroying or inhibiting the growth of bacteria 抗菌的

enzyme: An enzyme is a chemical substance that is found in living creatures which produces changes in other substances without being changed itself.(TECHNICAL) lachrymal canal: 泪管

sac: A sac is a small part of an animal‟s body, shaped like a little bag.It contains air, liquid, or some other substance.The lungs consist of millions of tiny air sacs.

阅读教程第二册教案

duct: A duct is a tube in your body which carries a liquid such as tears or bile.lachrymal duct: 泪导管

gutter: The gutter is the edge of a road next to the pavement, where rain water collects and flows away.It is supposed to be washed down the gutter and into the city‟s vast sewerage system.ailing: If someone is ailing, they are ill and are not getting better.(OLD-FASHIONED) crankine: n.狂妄, 古怪, 偏执

well up: If a liquid wells or wells up, it comes to the surface of something and starts to flow out.I felt tears well up in my eyes.colitis: Colitis is an illne in which your colon becomes inflamed.(TECHNICAL)

in any event: You say in any event after you have been discuing a situation, in order to indicate that what you are saying is true or poible, in spite of anything that has happened or may happen.In any event, the bowling alley（保龄球场）restaurant proved quite acceptable.= anyway warrant: If something warrants a particular action, it makes the action seem neceary or appropriate for the circumstances.The allegations are serious enough to warrant an investigation...= merit Check Your Comprehension A 1.Why is crying rarely encouraged by society? Because no matter what tears represent—sorrow, anger, or joy, they make people feel uncomfortable and embarraed.And they are taken as a sign of weakne or lo of control.Consequently, it is not encouraged by society.2.What is the difference between the composition of emotional tears and that of the tears shed because of exposure to a cut onion? There are two important chemicals, leucine-eukephalin and prolactin, which can be claified as an eential amino acid and a hormone, in emotional tears.Tears shed because of exposure to a cut onion contain no such substance.3.Researchers at both Tulane University and Columbia University are doing studies on tears.What are the different goals of their research? Researchers at Tulane University use tears to detect other elements involved in the discomfort of eyes.At Columbia University, researchers study tears to better their diagnosis of diseases in other parts of the body.4.Why do you usually blow your nose when you cry? Tears that do not evaporate leave through the lacrimal canal and sac, and then drain through the nose.That‟s why you usually have to blow your nose when you shed tears.5.According to the text, what do researchers find in decoding the crying of babies? They find that crying serves as a means of communication for babies.6.According to Dr.Frey, why do men develop more stre-related diseases than women? Because men seldom cry to release their mental discomfort.7.Do tears of joy also play a role in relieving stre? Explain.Yes.Tears of joy are a response to intense emotions, which is streful no matter whether the feeling is sad or happy.Therefore tears of joy can help people relieve stre as well.New words and expreions for Reading Four:

阅读教程第二册教案

bout: If you have a bout of an illne or of an unpleasant feeling, you have it for a short period.He was recovering from a severe bout of flu...I was suffering with a bout of nerves.quantify: If you try to quantify something, you try to calculate how much of it there is.It is difficult to quantify an exact figure as firms are reluctant to declare their loes.menace: [countable] something or someone that is dangerous menace of

It‟s the only way to deal with the menace of drug dealing.menace to That man‟s a menace to society.He should be locked away.the growing menace of oil pollution at sea = threat dermatologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of skin and the treatment of skin diseases squamous: resembling a scale or scales; thin and flat like a scale鳞状的；似鳞片一般薄和平的。 basal: relating to or forming the base of something (TECHNICAL) ...the basal layer of the skin.tumor: a ma of diseased or abnormal cells that has grown in a person‟s or animal‟s body melanoma: a dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte and occurring most commonly in the skin 黑瘤，黑素瘤：含有黑色素的，通常为恶性的肿瘤，由黑素细胞引起且最常见于皮肤中。 definitive: Something that is definitive provides a firm conclusion that cannot be questioned.No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so...multicenter: a.涉及多个（医学或研究）中心的 to date: up until the present time.magnitude: If you talk about the magnitude of something, you are talking about its great size, scale, or importance.An operation of this magnitude is going to be difficult...jeopardy: If someone or something is in jeopardy, they are in danger of being lost or harmed.Thousands of jobs are in jeopardy.put/place something in jeopardy

The killings could put the whole peace proce in jeopardy.lethally: sufficiently to cause death indolently: in a lazy way waxy: Something that is waxy looks or feels like wax.Choose small waxy potatoes for the salad....the waxy coating on the insect‟s body.node: a point, especially in the form of lump or swelling, where one thing joins another Cut them off cleanly through the stem just below the node.

scaly: If someone‟s skin is scaly, it has dry areas and small pieces of it come off.If your skin becomes red, sore or very scaly, consult your doctor.subsequent: You use subsequent to describe something that happened or existed after the time or event that has just been referred to.(FORMAL) ...the increase of population in subsequent years...Those concerns were overshadowed by subsequent events.

阅读教程第二册教案

≠ previous intriguing: If you describe something as intriguing, you mean that it is interesting or strange.This intriguing book is both thoughtful and informative.= fascinating

toll: a very bad effect that something has on something or someone over a long period of time If you say that something takes its toll or takes a heavy toll, you mean that it has a bad effect or causes a lot of suffering.Winter takes its toll on your health...Years of smoking have taken their toll on his health.

conceivable: If something is conceivable, you can imagine it or believe it.It is just conceivable that a single survivor might be found...≠ inconceivable carcinogen: a substance which can cause cancer.(MEDICAL)

preliminary: Preliminary activities or discuions take place at the beginning of an event, often as a form of preparation.Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote...Preliminary talks on the future of the bases began yesterday.recruit: A recruit is a person who has recently joined an organization or an army.precaution: A precaution is an action that is intended to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening.Could he not, just as a precaution, move to a place of safety?...Extra safety precautions are eential in homes where older people live. Check Your Vocabulary B 1.Previous studies suggested that patients who had been given medical treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancers ran a greater risk of developing new tumors.But these studies were too limited to lead to authoritative and complete results.2.It is shown in the findings that people with prior skin cancers are at much greater risk than researchers have thought.3.The research team followed every participant and trailed each case of new skin cancer that developed for a continuation of five years.4.When exposed to the sun, people who easily get sunburned were at a greater risk of getting another nonmelanoma skin cancer.5.The older you are, the more likely you will be affected by skin cancers.That‟s because the amount of damage to health caused by the exposure to the sun is increased year after year.New words and expreions for Section Three hard-hitting: If you describe a report or speech as hard-hitting, you like the way it talks about difficult or serious matters in a bold and direct way.(JOURNALISM)

In a hard-hitting speech to the IMF (International Monetary Fund), he urged third world countries to undertake sweeping reforms.dispense with: If you dispense with something, you stop using it or get rid of it completely, especially because you no longer need it.Many households have dispensed with their old-fashioned vinyl（乙烯基）turntable.

softly-softly: adj.谨慎狡猾的

ineffectual: If someone or something is ineffectual, they fail to do what they are expected to do or

阅读教程第二册教案

are trying to do.The mayor had become ineffectual in the struggle to clamp down on drugs.public hall: n.大会堂

screw up: If you screw up your eyes or your face, you tighten your eye or face muscles, for example because you are in pain or because the light is too bright.She had screwed up her eyes, as if she found the sunshine too bright...Close your eyes and screw them up tight...His face screwed up in agony.acrid: An acrid smell or taste is strong and sharp, and usually unpleasant.The room filled with the acrid smell of tobacco...= bitter rhetorically: 反问地

“Do these kids know how lucky they are?” Jackson asked rhetorically.

formaldehyde: a strong-smelling gas, used especially to preserve parts of animals or plants for biological study 甲醛

Write down the main idea of the text here.As the health of the nation was deteriorating, the Minister of Health initiated a national health campaign.And Dr.Feelgood was welcome to give a lecture on health in a village to the north of Glasgow.The lecture was planned to carry its point by making comparisons between healthy and unhealthy behaviors, but village people seemed to be slow at following the track of this iue.Their minds echoed by a totally different logic.It is the unexpected response from the village people that gives this story a humorous twist at the end.

Unit 6 Friendship Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

阅读教程第二册教案

1.The explanation of the content of each reading should be done at the same time when the answers to the exercises are being discued.2.Each reading may take about 25-35 minutes depending on the length and difficulty level.3.Always encourage students to relate discuion questions to the texts and then expand on them.Post-reading (40 minutes) 1.The reading paage is done in cla as a fast reading practice and is timed by the teacher (10 minutes).2.Group work

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One:

virtue: Virtue is thinking and doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong.She could have established her own innocence and virtue easily enough.= goodne ≠vice virtuous: If you describe someone as virtuous, you mean that they have done what they ought to do and feel very pleased with themselves, perhaps too pleased.I cleaned the flat, which left me feeling virtuous.divine: You use divine to describe something that is provided by or relates to a god or godde.He suggested that the civil war had been a divine punishment.calculated: You can describe a clever or dishonest action as calculated when it is very carefully planned or arranged.Irene‟s cleaning the floor had been a calculated attempt to cover up her crime.misgiving: If you have misgivings about something that is being suggested or done, you feel that it is not quite right, and are worried that it may have unwanted results.She had some misgivings about what she was about to do...disreputable: If you say that someone or something is disreputable, you are critical of them because they are not respectable or cannot be trusted....the noisiest and most disreputable bars.reproach: If you reproach someone, you say or show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong.She is quick to reproach anyone who doesn‟t live up to her own high standards...She had not even reproached him for breaking his promise.mortal: You can use mortal to emphasize that a feeling is extremely great or severe.When self-esteem is high, we lose our mortal fear of jealousy.presumption: A presumption is something that is accepted as true but is not certain to be true....the presumption that a defendant is innocent until proved guilty...= aumption humility: Someone who has humility is not proud and does not believe they are better than other

阅读教程第二册教案

people....a deep sense of humility...≠ pride penalty: A penalty is a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule.One of those arrested could face the death penalty...The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.mechanism: A mechanism is a special way of getting something done within a particular system.There‟s no mechanism for punishing arms exporters who break the rules.scarlet: Something that is scarlet is bright red....her scarlet lipstick.Check Your Comprehension B 1.Paragraph 1: Friendship comes naturally.Setting a price on it will never win you true friendship.2.Paragraph 2: We should remain humble before friendship and love.3.Paragraph 3: The warmth of friendship keeps reminding us that pure love without making any judgments is a richne of our nature.Check Your Vocabulary 1.Friendship does not rely on judgment.You may feel the goodne in a friend, but the goodne was acknowledged after you had made friends with him.2.If you only want those who poe good qualities to be your friends because you have good qualities, you are far from getting true friendship just as you can hardly build up true friendship if you are after friendship out of the motivation of gaining profits.3.So if one knows what friendship really means, he would never put an end to it only because his friend happens to be lacking respectability in character.4.We should remain humble before friendship and love because we are granted this free gift.We should feel ashamed rather than pleased and happy when we are no longer humble because friendship and love are gone.5.Our judgments and penalties have to be part of our life as we pay men and dre them in the court suit and let them be the judges to make judgments on other men.New words and expreions for Reading Two:

boarding: Boarding is an arrangement by which children live at school during the school term....the master in charge of boarding...Annual boarding fees are £10,350.knot: If you feel a knot in your stomach, you get an uncomfortable tight feeling in your stomach, usually because you are afraid or excited.There was a knot of tension in his stomach.stoically: not showing emotion or not complaining when bad things happen to you = impaively 无动于衷地；不为情感所动地

fiber: A fibre is a thin piece of flesh like a thread which connects nerve cells in your body or which muscles are made of....the nerve fibres.spotle: Something that is spotle is completely clean.Each morning cleaners make sure everything is spotle...

阅读教程第二册教案

ranch: A ranch is a large farm used for raising animals, especially cattle, horses, or sheep.He lives on a cattle ranch in Australia.

houseparent: (由已婚者担任的)学生宿舍管理员 limp: not firm or strong a limp handshake His body suddenly went limp and he fell down on the floor.counselor: A counselor is a person whose job is to give advice to people who need it, especially advice on their personal problems.scene: an embarraing situation go about: When you are going about your normal activities, you are doing them.We were simply going about our busine when we were pounced upon by these police officers.wrench: A wrench or a monkey wrench is an adjustable metal tool used for tightening or loosening metal nuts of different sizes.like dirt:

(treat somebody) like dirt/a dog

= (treat someone) unkindly and without respect I don‟t know why he stays with her — she treats him like dirt.play catch: 作传球（接球）的游戏

ram: If you ram something somewhere, you push it there with great force.He rammed the key into the lock and kicked the front door open.slug: informal to hit someone hard with your closed hand tackle: an attempt to stop an opponent by forcing them to the ground, especially in American football or rugby = punch smash: If something smashes or is smashed against something solid, it moves very fast and with great force against it.The bottle smashed against a wall...He smashed his fist into Anthony‟s face.diipate: When something diipates or when you diipate it, it becomes le or becomes le strong until it disappears or goes away completely.(FORMAL) The tension in the room had diipated...He wound down the windows to diipate the heat.chore: Chores are tasks such as cleaning, washing, and ironing that have to be done regularly at home.My husband and I both go out to work so we share the household chores.beefs: pl.Slang a complaint 【复数】beefs【俚语】抱怨

surrogate: You use surrogate to describe a person or thing that is given a particular role because the person or thing that should have the role is not available.Martin had become Howard Cosell‟s surrogate son...relieve: If an army relieves a town or another place which has been surrounded by enemy forces, it frees it.The offensive began several days ago as an attempt to relieve the town.notify: If you notify someone of something, you officially inform them about it.(FORMAL)

阅读教程第二册教案

The skipper notified the coastguard of the tragedy...= inform ki up to: to try to please someone in order to get them to do something for you — used to show disapproval [= suck up to British English]

If you say that, it‟ll look like you‟re kiing up to me.mad: angry [not before noun] informal especially American English Are you still mad at me? We get mad at each other sometimes, like any family.ostracize: If someone is ostracized, people deliberately behave in an unfriendly way towards them and do not allow them to take part in any of their social activities.(FORMAL) She claims she‟s being ostracized by some members of her local community.hide-out: [countable] a place where someone goes because they do not want anyone to find them wind up: If you wind up in a particular place, situation, or state, you are in it at the end of a series of actions, events, or experiences, even though you did not originally intend to be.He could wind up in gaol...Little did I know that I would actually wind up being on the staff...Both partners of the marriage wound up unhappy.= finish up, end up go for: If you go for a particular thing or way of doing something, you choose it.People tried to persuade him to go for a more gradual reform programme.twerp: If you call someone a twerp, you are insulting them and saying that they are silly or stupid.(INFORMAL) = twit linger: If you linger somewhere, you stay there for a longer time than is neceary, for example because you are enjoying yourself.Customers are welcome to linger over coffee until around midnight...It is a dreary little town where few would choose to linger.

briefly: Something that happens or is done briefly happens or is done for a very short period of time.He smiled briefly...Guerillas captured and briefly held an important provincial capital.

slash: If you slash at a person or thing, you quickly hit at them with something such as a knife.He slashed at her, aiming carefully.clunk: to strike something so as to make a dull sound 打击某物以发出沉闷声地

halt: When a person or a vehicle halts or when something halts them, they stop moving in the direction they were going and stand still.They halted at a short distance from the house...She held her hand out flat, to halt him.no sweat: spoken used to say that you can do something easily „Are you sure you can do it on time?‟ „Yeah, no sweat!‟

inhibition: Inhibitions are feelings of fear or embarrament that make it difficult for you to behave naturally.The whole point about dancing is to stop thinking and lose all your inhibitions...exterior: You can refer to someone‟s usual appearance or behaviour as their exterior, especially

阅读教程第二册教案

when it is very different from their real character.According to Mandy, Pat‟s tough exterior hides a shy and sensitive soul.= facade interior: [countable usually singular] the inner part or inside of something The interior of the church was dark.the car‟s warm interior ≠exterior boxcar: A boxcar is a railway carriage, often without windows, which is used to carry luggage, goods, or mail.(AM; in BRIT, use van) 货车 Yankees:（纽约）杨基棒球队

string bean: String beans are long, very narrow green vegetables consisting of the cases that contain the seeds of a climbing plant.(AM; in BRIT, use French bean) Slang

A tall, thin person.【俚语】又高又瘦的人

cornstalk: the stalk or stem of a corn plant 玉米杆：玉米作物的杆或茎。

diabetes: Diabetes is a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in their blood.kidney: Your kidneys are the organs in your body that take waste matter from your blood and send it out of your body as urine.give way: a) to be replaced by something else give way to

Stone has given way to gla and concrete.My anger gave way to depreion.b) to agree to do what someone else wants, instead of what you want, especially after a lot of discuion or argument Despite growing preure, the Minister of State refused to give way.give way to

Maria seemed to despise him for giving way to her.c) to break because of too much weight or preure The floor‟s rotten and likely to give way.d) British English to stop or slow down when you are driving, in order to allow other vehicles to go first [= yield American English] In Britain, give way to cars coming from the right.weighty: If you describe something such as an iue or a decision as weighty, you mean that it is serious or important.(FORMAL)

Surely such weighty matters merit a higher level of debate? = serious, important hand out: If you hand things out to people, you give one or more to each person in a group.One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes...Could you start handing these books out please? = give out, distribute Check Your Comprehension B 1.Why did the mother decide to send the narrator to the boarding school?

阅读教程第二册教案

Because the narrator‟s father died, and the mother believed that in a boarding school he was able to get the neceary education of disciplines and could have male role models to go after.2.What was the school like? The school was clean and of ranch style.There were 16 boys in the narrator‟s section, with an apartment for their houseparents.And two boys shared one bedroom.3.Why did the narrator cry on his first day at the school? Because his roommate, Jim, asked him about his father.He was very unhappy when once again he had to face the fact that he lost his father and had to lead a life on his own.4.What were the changes at the boarding school when the new houseparents, Mr.and Mrs.Carney came? The Carneys were not very strict with the boys.They were very kind.As a result of that, boys began to make use of the kindne of the Carneys.They didn‟t do chores well any more, and spoke to the Carneys rudely.5.Why did many other boys get mad at the narrator after the meeting? Because at the meeting, the narrator spoke for the Carneys and criticized those boys who took advantage of the kindne of the houseparents.6.How did the four boys, Bruce, Jim, Lee, and the narrator, describe their dead fathers? Bruce‟s father was a salesman and died in a traffic accident.Jim‟s father was a schoolteacher and died of a heart attack.Lee‟s father was a carpenter and died of bone cancer.The narrator‟s father had diabetes and his kidneys failed, and that killed him.7.Why didn‟t the boys talk about their dead parents before? Why didn‟t they keep photos of their dead parents? Because the boys would like to show that they were strong and tough guys and wouldn‟t let the sad feeling overwhelm them.They hid their love for their fathers, though they mied their fathers every minute in the depth of their heart.They wouldn‟t let their fathers‟ pictures remind them of their happy memories of a family living together.The fact of losing the father is too cruel for them to face.8.Why did the narrator form the feeling of brotherhood with other boys? Because they had the same life experience of losing a parent and had shared the sadne of the fact and had been able to understand the subtle feeling of love and being strong.From then on, they were able to support each other sincerely and love each other like brothers.Check Your Vocabulary C 1.So I never said anything to show my unwillingne of going to the boarding school, though all my senses could feel the reluctance of such a trip.2.I got to know later that the school‟s counselor had asked my mother to leave unnoticed without saying goodbye to me in order to avoid the outburst of sad emotions.3.Not only did we refuse to admit the feeling of miing our dead parents, but also the fact that they were with us before.And we kept it as a secret deep in our mind.4.The only thing we can complain about is that the Carneys are too good to us and some of you are making use of their goodne.5.Everyone thinks you were making up to the Carneys.Many boys are angry at your act of flattery.6.It was a place where the restraints and the outward aggreive appearance of being unwilling to compromise gave way to something subtle that started changing our behavior.

阅读教程第二册教案

7.Like the other boys, I also wanted to free myself of the burden I could no longer carry in mind.8.But we didn‟t carry a photo of our dead fathers with us, and we even didn‟t keep one in our rooms.Photos were generally regarded as something that could too easily remind us of the happy life we had spent with our dead parents; much happier and more normal than the life we had now.New words and expreions for Reading Three: crush: If you have a crush on someone, you are in love with them but do not have a relationship with them.(INFORMAL) She had a crush on you, you know...bustle: A place that is bustling with people or activity is full of people who are very busy or lively.The sidewalks are bustling with people...The main attraction was the bustling market.stoop: A stoop is a small platform at the door of a building, with steps leading up to it.(AM) They stood together on the stoop and rang the bell.

tinfoil: Tinfoil consists of shiny metal in the form of a thin sheet which is used for wrapping food.= foil galore: You use galore to emphasize that something you like exists in very large quantities.(INFORMAL, WRITTEN) You‟ll be able to win prizes galore....a popular resort with beaches galore.worn-out: Something that is worn out is so old, damaged, or thin from use that it cannot be used any more....the car‟s worn out tyres.lame: If you describe something, for example an excuse, argument, or remark, as lame, you mean that it is poor or weak.He mumbled some lame excuse about having gone to sleep...All our theories sound pretty lame.= weak, feeble sting: If a part of your body stings, or if a substance stings it, you feel a sharp pain there.His cheeks were stinging from the icy wind...Sprays can sting sensitive skin.

tight: If money is tight, you do not have enough of it.Money was tight and he needed a job badly.As you know, I run the magazine on a pretty tight budget.glamour: Glamour is the quality of being more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or things....the glamour of show biz（娱乐性行业,演艺事业）

glitz: [uncountable] the exciting, attractive quality which is connected with rich, famous and fashionable people show busine glitz = glamour crochet: [intransitive and transitive] to make clothes etc from wool or cotton, using a special needle with a hook at one end streak: If something streaks a surface, it makes long stripes or marks on the surface.Rain had begun to streak the window-panes...

阅读教程第二册教案

His face was pale and streaked with dirt.retrieve: If you retrieve something, you get it back from the place where you left it.The men were trying to retrieve weapons left when the army abandoned the island.= recover dampen: To dampen something such as someone‟s enthusiasm or excitement means to make it le lively or intense.Nothing seems to dampen his perpetual enthusiasm...vow: If you vow to do something, you make a serious promise or decision that you will do it.While many models vow to go back to college, few do...I solemnly vowed that someday I would return to live in Europe...„I‟ll kill him,‟ she vowed...They have vowed a quick and decisive response.Check Your Comprehension A 1.How was Allie feeling when she heard the knock on the door? Hearing the knock on the door, Allie felt an outburst of emotions.She had been expecting Jane‟s arrival for so long.And she prayed in the heart that it was Jane outside the door.2.How did Allie become Jane‟s best friend? At the Christmas party the two girls exchanged their gifts.After hearing the story of Jane‟s gift, Allie was deeply moved and returned the precious gift to Jane.She also accompanied Jane back to home.After that, Allie and Jane began to develop their true friendship.3.Why was Jane unable to come to Allie‟s party? Jane‟s grandma was ill.And Jane had to take care of her.4.What did Allie decide to do after reading Jane‟s note? Allie went to her bedroom and decided to phone her best friend, Jane.5.What did Jane and Allie vow to do for each other? They vowed to stay faithful to each other and be each other‟s lifetime supporter.6.In your own words, describe the relationship of Jane and Allie.

Friendship came to Allie and Jane when they opened their minds.Both of them were loyal to friendship.They were both considerate and ready to meet the needs of the other person.New words and expreions for Reading Four: fantasize: If you fantasize about an event or situation that you would like to happen, you give yourself pleasure by imagining that it is happening, although it is untrue or unlikely to happen.I fantasized about writing music...Her husband died in 1967, although she fantasized that he was still alive.opening: [countable] a chance for someone to do or say something His question left an opening for me to say exactly what I thought.downstate: [only before noun] American English in or from the southern part of a state

A downstate judge was called in to hear the case.≠ upstate barely: only with great difficulty or effort She was very old and barely able to walk.Mary had barely enough money to live on.barely audible/perceptible/visible/discernible etc

阅读教程第二册教案

His voice was barely audible.She could barely understand English.= only just diner: A diner is a small cheap restaurant that is open all day.(AM) chitchat: Chit-chat is informal talk about things that are not very important.Not being a mother, I found the chit-chat exceedingly dull.

look over: If you look something over, you examine it quite quickly in order to get a general idea of what it is like.

They presented their draft to the president, who looked it over, nodded and signed it...He could have looked over the papers in le than ten minutes.spark: A spark of a quality or feeling, especially a desirable one, is a small but noticeable amount of it.His music lacked that vital spark of imagination...staircase: The stairwell is the part of a building that contains a staircase.serendipity: Serendipity is the luck some people have in finding or creating interesting or valuable things by chance.(LITERARY)

Some of the best effects in my garden have been the result of serendipity.surefire: A sure-fire thing is something that is certain to succeed or win.(INFORMAL) ...a surefire best seller.

fuzz: a ma of short, curly hairs When Jack was born he had a fuzz of black hair on his head.New words and expreions for Section Three wax: If you wax a surface, you put a thin layer of wax onto it, especially in order to polish it.We‟d have long talks while she helped me wax the floor.comatose: A person who is comatose is in a coma.(MEDICAL) The right side of my brain had been so severely bruised that I was comatose for a month.baby shower:为刚生小孩的新当母亲者所举行的送礼会

stroller: A stroller is a small chair on wheels, in which a baby or small child can sit and be wheeled around.(AM; in BRIT, use pushchair) 手推童车

collapsible: A collapsible object is designed to be folded flat when it is not being used....a collapsible chair.= folding swing: If something swings or if you swing it, it moves repeatedly backwards and forwards or from side to side from a fixed point.The sail of the little boat swung crazily from one side to the other...She was swinging a bottle of wine by its neck...Ian lit a cigarette and sat on the end of the table, one leg swinging.julienned: cut into long, thin strips 切成条的; 切成丝的 julienned potatoes; julienned pork.土豆丝；猪肉条

jerk: If you jerk something or someone in a particular direction, or they jerk in a particular direction, they move a short distance very suddenly and quickly.Mr Griffin jerked forward in his chair...„This is Brady Coyne,‟ said Sam, jerking his head in my direction...

阅读教程第二册教案

Eleanor jerked her wrist free...sprint: If you sprint, you run or ride as fast as you can over a short distance.Sergeant Horne sprinted to the car.stop on a dime: (American English) stop very quickly — used about cars This truck can stop on a dime! mauve: Something that is mauve is of a pale purple colour.It bears clusters of mauve flowers in early summer.taupe: Something that is taupe is a pale brownish-grey colour.bud: buddy spoken especially American English Hey, bud, how‟s it going? Write down the main idea of the text here.Women need friendship.And the friendship is guided by some particular rules that are only shared and understood by women.Women have their own way of enjoying friendship.They are loyal to friends by giving a hand when needed, participating in happy moments and sharing their understandings about life.

Unit 7 Culture and Customs Objectives: 1.Summarize what you read; 2.Locate main ideas; 3.Understand supporting details; 4.Think critically as you read; 5.Recognize authors‟ writing patterns; 6.Understand words in context; 7.Appreciate figurative language; 8.Notice words and the company they keep.Focuses: 1.Grasp the main idea; 2.Appreciate the writing skill;

3.Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.Outline: Periods 1-4

阅读教程第二册教案

2.Group work

a.Ask students to share in small groups the summaries of the readings they have done on their own (8 minutes).

b.Each student takes turns to lead the discuion and ask each other questions prepared before cla (7 minutes).

New words and expreions for Reading One:

edible: If something is edible, it is safe to eat and not poisonous....edible fungi.≠inedible nourishment: If something provides a person, animal, or plant with nourishment, it provides them with the food that is neceary for life, growth, and good health.He was unable to take nourishment for several days.taboo: vt.禁忌, 避讳, 禁制, 禁止

orthodox: believing in all the traditional beliefs, laws, and practices of a religion an orthodox Jew ritual: done in a fixed and expected way, but without real meaning or sincerity The police iued the usual ritual apology.

cannibalism: If a group of people practise cannibalism, they eat the flesh of other people. furor: A furore is a very angry or excited reaction by people to something.暴怒；狂怒 The disclosure has already caused a furore among MPs.= uproar domesticated: domesticated animals are able to work for people or live with them as pets pastoralism: the use of land or a farm to keep or graze sheep, cattle, etc.畜牧

adaptation: Adaptation is the act of changing something or changing your behaviour to make it suitable for a new purpose or situation.Most living creatures are capable of adaptation when compelled to do so.caribou: a North American reindeer reindeer: a large deer with long wide antlers (=horns), that lives in cold northern areas horticulture: [uncountable] the practice or science of growing flowers, fruit and vegetables millet: [uncountable] the small seeds of a plant similar to gra, used as food marginal: If the land or area is marginal, it is around the periphery (edge) of used land.It generally cannot produce good crops.贫瘠的边缘（土地）的

detrimental: Something that is detrimental to something else has a harmful or damaging effect on it....foods suspected of being detrimental to health...= harmful bullock: A bullock is a young male cow.aversion: If you have an aversion to someone or something, you dislike them very much.Many people have a natural and emotional aversion to insects.lactase: An enzyme occurring in certain yeasts and in the intestinal juices of mammals that is

阅读教程第二册教案

capable of splitting lactose into glucose and galactose.乳糖酶：一种能将乳糖分解成葡萄糖和半乳糖的酶，它存在于某些酵母或哺乳动物的体液中。 lactose: Lactose is a type of sugar which is found in milk and which is sometimes added to food.Check Your Comprehension A

Answer the following questions with the information from the text.1.How does culture influence the food people eat? Give some examples.What people eat, when they eat and how they eat are patterned by culture.Certain edibles are ignored, others are tabooed.The food taboos may be so strong that just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an individual to feel ill.For example, a Muslim or orthodox Jew would feel this way about eating pork, and an American about eating dogs.2.Do people eat whatever is rich in protein or other nutrients? Why or why not?

People don‟t eat all the food with rich protein and nourishment.For example, human flesh is a source of protein, but it is not one that most humans are willing to take as food.3.What are the stages human beings have gone through to obtain food? Human beings have gone through three stages to obtain food.Stage one: hunting and gathering.People rely on food that is naturally available in the environment.Stage two: pastorism.People raise domesticated herd such as goats, sheep, etc.for their meat.Stage three: agriculture.People plant, raise and harvest crops from the land.4.Explain why the three groups mentioned — Kohistanis, Pathans, and Gujars— can live peacefully in the same mountainous area.Kohistanis, Pathans, and Gujars inhabit the same mountainous area.These three groups are able to coexist peacefully because each utilizes a different aspect of the land.5.What is the reason given in the text for the Hindu taboo on eating beef? It‟s a reflection of an ecological adaptation.Cows are important sources to provide Hindu farmers with farming help.If they are eaten, their life will be greatly affected.Therefore, killing cows for beef would endanger the Indian agricultural proce.The taboo is directly caused, of course, by religious decree, but the previous logic is a poible explanation of why this decree came to be in the first place.New words and expreions for Reading Two:

punctual: If you are punctual, you do something or arrive somewhere at the right time and are not late.He‟s always very punctual.I‟ll see if he‟s here yet.scheduled: If something is scheduled to happen at a particular time, arrangements are made for it to happen at that time.The space shuttle had been scheduled to blast off at 04:38...A presidential election was scheduled for last December...No new talks are scheduled.respectively: in the same order as the items that you have just mentioned Their sons, Ben and Jonathan, were three and six respectively...Check Your Comprehension

Answer the following questions with the information from the text.1.What did the profeor find on the first day of cla when teaching in a Brazilian university?

He found that no student came on time for cla.2.What and who did the profeor decide to study?

阅读教程第二册教案

He decided to study the students‟ behavior.He talked to American and Brazilian students and gave them an example and asked them how they would react if they had a lunch appointment.3.Do Brazilian students leave immediately when the cla is finished? No, they don‟t.Only a few students leave the cla at noon and many remain past 12:30 to discu the cla and ask more questions.4.How is latene viewed in American culture? And how is it viewed in Brazilian culture? They have different feelings about latene.In Brazil, it is believed that a person who usually arrives late is probably more succeful while in the United States, latene is usually considered to be disrespectful and unacceptable.5.What did the profeor learn as a result of his study? He learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him.Instead they were simply behaving in the appropriate way a Brazilian student does in Brazil. New words and expreions for Reading Three: apprehensive: Someone who is apprehensive is afraid that something bad may happen.People are still terribly apprehensive about the future.wondrous: If you describe something as wondrous, you mean it is strange and beautiful or impreive.(LITERARY) We were driven acro this wondrous vast land of lakes and forests.Cajun: Cajun means belonging or relating to a group of people who live mainly in Louisiana in the United States, and are descended from French people.Cajun is also used to refer to the language and culture of these people.阿卡迪亚人的

They played some Cajun music. ...Cajun food.spicy: food that is spicy has a pleasantly strong taste, and gives you a pleasant burning feeling in your mouth a spicy tomato sauce 辛辣的蕃茄酱

pickled: Pickled food, such as vegetables, fruit, and fish, has been kept in vinegar or salt water to preserve it....a jar of pickled fruit.vegetarian: Someone who is vegetarian never eats meat or fish.Yasmin sticks to a strict vegetarian diet...TV dinner: A frozen prepared meal, usually packaged in a disposable serving tray, which needs only to be heated before serving.盒装电视便餐：一种速冻包装的食品，通常包装在一次性的食品盘中，吃前稍热即可。 cholesterol-clogged: If a vein or artery is cholesterol-clogged, it is partially blocked by cholesterol, a fatty chemical substance that animals, including humans, have inside them.When veins and arteries are clogged with cholesterol, the person suffers a condition called arteriosclerosis, which can kill when it becomes severe enough, as not enough blood can get through the veins and arteries due to the blockage.obesity: [uncountable] when someone is very fat in a way that is unhealthy unfounded: If you describe a rumour, belief, or feeling as unfounded, you mean that it is wrong and is not based on facts or evidence.There were unfounded rumours of alcohol abuse...The allegations were totally unfounded...

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