中国独特概念词英文表达法
1、中国意念词（Chinesenees）八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao（cf.logo）
江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）e.g.You can’t control everything in a traits’ world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）上火 exceive internal heat儒学 Confucianism u
红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
开放 kaifang （Chinese openne to the outside world）
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardle of the work done
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …
合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
2、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day
3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）
馄饨 wonton 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅 chafing dish
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝 gla noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd
4、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet
三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign
5、特有的一些汉语词汇
禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos 道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path
无常 anity 五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata 虚无 nothingne
双喜 double happine(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits相声 cro-talk
噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life
姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)
6、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four
Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
7、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo
武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu
中庸 the way of medium （cf.Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head
三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousne, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged eays
多子多福：The more sons/children, the more bleing/ great happine
养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age
8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 gra-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments
渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
