Graduate Employment Paper: Employment of College Students Causes and Countermeasures
Abstract: In recent years, increasing year by year the number of college graduates, college students facing a severe employment situation, coupled with the current financial crisis, the employment facing unprecedented challenges, students in the smooth employment after graduation, has become a society in general hot iue.Student Employment existing social reasons, policy reasons, but also the reasons for its students.Students solve the difficult problem of employment is related to the vital interests of students, is also related to social harmony and stability, the government, enterprises, universities and students work together.
Key words: college students; employment; Student Employment; Graduate Employment papers; reason; Strategy
Once upon a time, known as the \"favored\" the college students looking for work in a \"no worries about the emperor\'s daughter to marry,\" but now few do this superiority disappeared, but his brow wrinkled face of employment.The employment situation of university students in 2006-2007, for example, in 2006 30% of China\'s college graduates do not find work because there are more than 120 million college students leaves school without employment, there are 100 million of 2007 graduates not in employment, to be China\'s tens of thousands of migrant workers and laid-off workers re-employed, even if the government each year to provide 900 million jobs, or can not solve the employment problem.Overall, the students can not be optimistic about employment prospects.
First, college students Employment Difficult
1.Graduate employment structural imbalance between supply and demand contradiction.The overall supply of college graduates and social needs of the conflict, in eence, the rapid development of higher education and economic development and social development phase of transition in which the conflict is not configured.
First, China is in the peak of the population, there are a lot of new workers need jobs.\"China has a population of nearly 1.3 million population base, rapid growth of new workers, far more than economic growth, the rate of job creation, the national labor force 90 years from the first five years of the 20th century, the average additional 1 250 million is expected to Added to the 1996-2010 average of 1 450 people, the natural growth of the future labor force can create a two year, Hainan Province, which is a certain impact on employment of college graduates.\"[1] there a sharp increase in the number of graduates, and slow job growth, high economic growth and employment growth in a difficult situation out of touch.
Second, with the continuous development of Chinese higher education, in just a few years into the era of ma higher education.Higher education has become a neceity, but also brought by some of the iues, education, ma required for large-scale Chinese college enrollment and enrollment is a direct result of the rapid growth of college graduates.\"In 2002 1.45 million college graduates nationwide in 2003, 2.12 million in 2004 to 280 million, more than 300 million by 2005, demand for human resources in the community under the premise of no significant growth, this change in the amount of the graduates employment impact is enormous, and students from the elite to the employment of the ma.\"[2]
Third, the social development of the regional imbalance, the eastern region for graduates to provide a good living environment and development prospects of better returns, a province of human input.Intense competition for talent in these areas, many students are not effectively employed, even if the unemployed do not want to go to the western region of employment.In the western region, but there are a lot of graduates find jobs.
2.Students bring their own problems in the job difficult.First, students outdated values and concept of employment and occupation is the cause of the important reasons students Employment.Students Recognized as the elite cla, prepared by the traditional Confucian thought up the \"elite complex\" deeply tied their ideas.\"Beijing Social Economic Research Institute \'Employment Status of College Students\' research group in\" China Education \"published their survey, students choosing the current concept of the choice of the unit: Select the research structure, party groups, and foreign 63% of the total number of enterprises, and the choice of township enterprises, medium and large schools, collective enterprises, and only 7% in the choice, select cities are 20.8%, and the choice of small towns, rural, young and old in the border of three only 5%.\"[3] Second, their overall quality of university graduates is not high, poor ability to adapt to society is difficult to meet the requirements of the employer.Some students in the schools just to satisfy the course of study, the lack of a broad range of knowledge accumulation and the ability to solve practical problems, coupled with lack of language skills, where the candidates nervous, timid, and can not fully show themselves, and thus mied a lot of work opportunities.In addition, students in the career, the lack of a clear positioning of their own, lack of purpose can also lead to career succe rate is not high.
3.The employer to bring the blind set of employment conditions is difficult.The most important obstacle is the experience of many employers, especially companies frequently require job applicants to two to three years of work experience, many graduates often lack practical experience while working hard to implement.In addition, some employers blindly raise standards before the election, the pursuit of higher education.Existence of a considerable number of employer practice focuses on education and the tendency to underestimate.
4.Universities in their own development proce, there is not benefit students in some of the problems of employment.Some schools of education methods and concepts behind, there is no market awarene and market demand of specialty, profeional school students do not meet the market demand, the emergence of the structural contradictions between supply and demand.In addition, some graduates work in universities and colleges pay enough attention, lack of systematic and scientific employment, employment, work is often carried out just before graduation, employment, employment agency is only a guide, but is divorced from reality to some extent The general nature.\"The survey shows a great need for graduates of vocational guidance employment guidance on our understanding of the amount of different agencies, is very understanding and a better understanding of which only 1 / 3 of people, 10% of people did not know this school bodies.\"[4] This shows that there is a great college career guidance play space.
5.Social barriers, the reality of the job market segmentation has increased the difficulty of employment of university students.In recent years, students choose their own jobs has become mainstream, but the household registration, file a number of factors such as employment of university students is still a stumbling block.Many college students are looking for work in the \"non-city accounts of discuion,\" the painful experience, where the absence of employer accounts, so many good job opportunities for college students and mied.
Employment status of Chinese college students have a variety of factors, to solve this social problem, a variety of forces must be mobilized to make various efforts.
Second, measures to resolve student employment difficulty 1.Students make their own adjustments and efforts.First, change the concept of employment, establish a new era on employment.Students should abandon the reality of the \"social elite\" of the complex, and establish popular on employment.Currently, there are many free jobs, small cities, villages and other places need talent, small businees, private enterprises, there are a large number of employment requirements; Students should also establish a gra-roots awarene, awarene of career awarene and struggle to exercise their own gra-roots level, and tap potential can also look into the west, to the exercise taught the western region; gradually establish a \"first employment, after choosing, and then start\" career choice strategy, starting from a realistic way to choose their own job.Second, to improve their own quality control employment initiative.Face severe employment situation, the quality of individual graduates, capacity, expertise and teamwork will be an important factor leading Graduates.Survival of the fittest is the law under the system of market competition, students only continue to improve their own quality, excellent skills to master in order to take the initiative in the employment status of the competition, to seek their ideal positions.Third, own businees, relying on its own strength to solve the employment problem.Students under certain conditions, identify opportunities, play skills, and take their own businees, the road of self-employment, employment in solving their own, but also provide the community with new employment channels, ease employment preure.2.University of reform.First, universities should be based on market demand, rationalization of disciplines and profeional settings, community-oriented, market-oriented school.Adjust the specialty structure, so that with the enrollment, graduates tend to combine to increase the number of social need profeional enrollment, and teaching quality, and profeional schools and profeional setting unreasonable to reduce the number of enrollment until the termination of enrollment.Second, to strengthen the employment guidance.Employment of college graduates and the corresponding management departments should strengthen the career guidance to college students, employment guidance throughout the entire learning career college students, not just graduating students.Third, the establishment of a high-quality, profeional career guidance team.Career Guidance Teams of the overall quality of employment for the promotion of the students plays a key role.This requires full-time employment guidance in the profeional training of personnel, improve the profeional level and overall quality.Meanwhile, the active uptake of psychology, sociology, education, information science and other expertise, career guidance teachers added to the ranks.Fourth, employment-oriented, speed up the reform of university education and teaching.Within the schools to adjust their teaching content and teaching methods, change the past emphasis on theoretical and practical light, heavy knowledge and ability training model light, the creation of profeional features, practical courses, students have a solid expertise.At the same time concerned about the social development of the compound to the demand, strengthen overall quality of the training of students.
3.Government departments in the graduate employment work responsibilities.First, the development of policies and regulations, improve the employment market system.All levels of government regulate job market from the start, establish and improve laws, regulations, and gradually work into the legal system graduates, standardized track.Employment should continue to improve policies to eliminate discrimination in employment, deepening the personnel, the employment system of household registration and other related supporting reforms to break the household registration system problems caused by market segmentation, regulate the job market.Secondly, to strengthen macroeconomic regulation to promote the rational flow of human resources.States shall take the neceary measures for the macro, to be the neceary administrative and economic means to realize the rational allocation of human resources.Encourage students to join the West, settled in the western region.Should also see Primary talent shortage, there are a large number of personnel needs, countries should formulate relevant policies to encourage students to join the graroots in employment, training talent.In addition, the Government should establish unemployment insurance and training of college graduates mechanism.Graduates are valuable human resources in China, graduate unemployment is a huge waste of talent.From the perspective of the Government should formulate relevant laws and regulations, the students are not employed and unemployed unemployed college students into social areas, and appropriate relief.This is to safeguard social stability, but also reflecting the state of \"respect knowledge, respect talent\" policy.At the same time, failed to employment for graduates of the reality of the organization of training courses targeted to enhance employment, improve the competitivene of unemployed graduates.I believe college students and the whole society through the joint efforts of the difficult employment problem students will be able to properly addre, college graduates must achieve full employment.As China\'s huge population of college graduates and a large active labor force productivity in their workplace, will be the cause of socialist modernization and make due contribution!
