2015年新四六级汉译英常考中国特色词
小帅帅老师制作（更多资料：@Jason小帅帅_ ）中国历史与文化 京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kungfu 太极Tai Chi 口技 ventriloquism 木偶戏 puppet show 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 相声witting dialogue 刺绣 embroidery 苏绣Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法calligraphy 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画Chinese brush painting 中国结Chinese knot 中国古代四大文明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针 the compa 青铜器bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain; china 唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术martial arts 儒家思想 Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu 孙子 Sun Tzu
象形文字 pictographic characters
文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)
《大学》The great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》The analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius
《孙子兵法》The Art of War 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游记》Journey to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes
《山海经》The Claic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs
《易经》The I Ching: The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites
《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文 eight-part eay
五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 旗袍 cheongsam
中山装 Chinese tunic suit
风水 Fengshui; Geomantic omen 阴历 Lunar calendar 阳历 Solar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖 zodiac
春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 The Lantern Festival 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画 (traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙 dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同 hutong 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 油条 deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup) 豆腐 tofu; bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks 火锅 hot pot 烽火台 beacon tower 秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes 华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山 Wutai Mountain 九华山 Jiuhua Mountain 峨眉山 Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai
黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain
故宫 the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁 Echo Wall
居庸关 Juyongguan Pa 九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall
黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖West Lake
九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower
四合院 quadrangle; countyard complex 孔庙 Confucius Temple
乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha
十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛 Lama
转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy 中药 traditional Chinese medicine
《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi's Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine
《神农本草经》Shennong's Herbal Claic 《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture 推拿 medical maage 切脉 feeling pulse
五禽戏 five-animal exercises 旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age
新石器时代the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age
母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society 封建的feudal 朝代 dynasty 秦朝 Qin Dynasty
秦始皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin
皇太后 Empre Dowager 汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Huangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan 春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period 文成公主 Tang Prince Wencheng 慈禧太后 Empre Dowager Ci Xi 皇帝、君主 emperor; monarch 诸侯 vaal 皇妃 imperial concubine 丞相、宰相 prime minister 太监 court eunuch 少数民族ethnic minority 祭祀 offer sacrifices 西域 the Western Regions 战国 the Warring States 中华文明 Chinese civilization 文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization 秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang 鸦片战争 the Opium War 太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom 戊戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898 辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution 新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution 五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919 南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising 918事变 September 18th Incident 长征 the Long March 西安事变 Xi'an Incident 南京大屠杀 Nanjing Maacre 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan 满族 Manchu 蒙古人 Mongol 士大夫 scholar-officials 学者 scholar 诗人 poet 政治家 statesman 社会地位social status
中国社会 多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus
相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age
独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
家政服务 household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty
全民健身运动 nationwide fitne campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance
暂住证 temporary residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harament 走私 smuggling
性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲 illiteracy
贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor
盗版 pirated/illegal copies
一国两制 One Country, Two Systems 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory
两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)
南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北对话 North-South Dialog
人大常委会 People’s Congre Standing Committee
法制观念 awarene of law
法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system
改革开放 reform and opening-up 公务员 civil servants
官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning 计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency 两岸关系 cro-straits relations 两岸谈判 cro-straits negotiations 领土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system 求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member 物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 小康社会 a well-off society 小康水平a well-off standard 一个中国原则 the one-China principle 与时俱进 keep pace with the times 综合国力 overall national strength 共同愿望common desire “走出去”(战略)going global 不结盟 non-alignment 单边主义 unilateralism 多边政策 multilateralism 多极世界 multipolar world 人口老龄化 aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社区服务 community service 道德法庭 court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分配 graduate placement; aignment of graduate 充电 update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town
大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education
高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education
高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts
理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering
师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities
高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan 教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education
九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education
考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses
专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule
教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit
启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange
人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Busine English Certificate (BEC)
适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age
升学率 proportion of students entering
schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育 quality-oriented education
填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching 希望工程Project Hope 走读生 extern; non-resident student 住宿生boarder 研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate 校园数字化 campus digitalization 校园文化 campus culture 学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese 学历教育 education with record of formal schooling 学龄儿重school-ager 学前教育 preschool education 学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 应试教育 exam-oriented education 职业道德 work ethics; profeional ethics 记者招待会pre conference 国家教委 State Education Commiion 国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau 职业培训job training 职业文盲 functional illiterate 智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents 智商 intelligence quotient (IQ) 助学行动 activity to aist the impoverished students 网络世界cyber world 网络文化cyber culture 网络犯罪cyber crime 网上购物 online shopping 高产优质 high yield and high quality 高科技园 high-tech park 工业园区 industrial park 火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 信息港info port 信息革命 information revolution 电子货币e-currency 人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI) 生物技术 bio-technology 克隆 cloning 基因工程 genetic engineering 转基因食品 genetically modified food (GM food) 试管婴儿 test-tube baby 基因哭变 genetic mutation 网络出版e-publishing
三维电影 three-dimensional movie 光谷 optical valley 虚拟银行virtual bank 信息化 informationization
信息高速公路 information superhighway 新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline
纳米 nanometer
个人数字助理 personal digital aistant (PDA)
生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture 技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 数码科技 digital technology 同步卫星 geostationary satellite
神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V
风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite 登月舱 lunar module
多任务小卫星 small multi-miion satellite (SMMS)
多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Meaging Service ( MMS)
电子商务 e-busine; e-commerce 电子管理e-management
办公自动化 Office Automation (OA) 信息高地 information highland 信息检索 information retrieval 电话会议 teleconference 无土栽培 soille cultivation 超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice
科技发展 scientific and technological advancement
重点项目key project
国家重点工程 national key projects
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion 西电东送 West-East electricity transmiion project
西气东输 West-East natural gas transmiion project
网络造谣 fabricating online rumors 恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止服务 closure/shutdown of service 公司歇业 closure of busine 道路封闭road closure 人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes 生态系统 ecosystem 森林生态系统forest ecosystem 海洋生态系统marine ecosystem 垄断价格 to monopolize the price 垄断市to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions 汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas 车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates 牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system 黑名单制度 a blacklist system 执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors 二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards 防伪技术 anti-forgery technology 非法交易 illegal transaction 冒名顶替 identification fraud 洗钱 money laundering 挂失 to report the lo 补办 to re-apply/post-register 户籍 household registration 居住证 residence permit 山洪暴发flash floods 水位 water level 低洼地区 low-lying areas 淹没农田 to inundate crops 大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse 最严重受灾地区 worst-hit/worst-stricken area 直接经济损失direct economic lo 应急系统 emergency response system 闯红灯 running red light 遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates 扣分处罚point penalty 酒驾 drunk driving
终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving
中国经济
总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply
企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image
跨国公司 cro-national corporation
创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter
假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本human capital
航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry
知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry
国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry
制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner
个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 经济全球化 economic globalization 经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ) 经济增长 economic growth 泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff 纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy 货币投放量 the size of money supply 流动性过剩exce liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 通货膨胀inflation 抑制通货膨胀curb inflation 注入流动性 to inject liquidity 贴现率 discount rate 存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR) 公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO) 逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo 引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy 微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy 硬着陆 hard landing 软着陆 soft landing 二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O) 财政部长 Finance Minister 全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year 经济活力 economic vitality 大规模经济刺激计划 a maive economic stimulus package 结构改革 structural reform 硬资产 hard aets 软资产 soft aets 有形资产 tangible aets 经济走廊 economic corridor 整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order 反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly 定价浮动 price fluctuations 谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit 债务审计audit of debt 地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability 公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system 债务管理 debt management 信用支持 credit support
