流程图
1.首段常用句子
The following diagram shows the structure of…… The picture illustrates……
The whole procedure can be divided into…stages.It mainly consists of…… It works as follows.It always involves following steps.2.描述流程/过程的常用过渡性词语
最后再总结一下流程图的特点：
特点一：现在时
特点二：定语从句
特点三：被动语态
特点四：顺序词
特点五：适当添加
特点六：无总结
题目 1：玻璃的回收流程【单图】
范文 1：
This diagram illustrates the recycling proce of gla bottles.The whole proce is a cycle which can be divided into three main stages.
In the first stage, used bottles are collected at a recycling point ready to be transported by a truck.The second stage starts in a cleaning plant, where these recycled bottles are sorted by color into green, brown and clear ones and washed by high-preurized water.When the cleaning is done, the bottles are conveyed to a gla factory where they are cut into gla pieces which are then poured into a furnace.After being heated in the furnace, the broken glaes are melted into liquid, which flows into a gla mold.Here gla liquid from other sources is added and the molding proce takes place.In the final stage, new, empty bottles are filled with liquid, then packed and dispatched to the supermarket ready to be picked by consumers.At this point, a cycle has been completed and a new cycle will begin.
题目 2：蚕的生活史及丝绸服饰的生产流程【组图】直线型与循环型
1）moth在哪里产eggs？产卵用什么动词？moth一次产卵一个还是多个？eggs大概有多大？moth产卵之后怎样？
2）eggs变为larva的动作用什么动词？一个egg变为几个larva？larva的复数形式是什么？图中表明larva以Mulberry leaf为food，用哪个动作表明进食的动作？
3）larva“吐丝”是从哪里“吐”出来，用什么动作表示这种动作？larva吐丝制作cocoon的顺序是怎样的，是由内向外还是由外向内？larva在吐丝结茧的过程中是否还进食？
4）cocoon完成后larva在哪里，处于什么状态？cocoon大概是什么颜色，质地如何？
以上问题，问的比较细致，甚至有些刁钻，其中本分细节未必需要在真实写作中写出来。但是如果本来就懂这个流程，对于看懂这个流程无疑是有巨大益处的，或者反过来讲，如果看不懂这个流程，很有可能发生产生误解，在实际写作中要么不敢用描述每个步骤的功能，不敢于描述各步骤之间的关联，要么就直接出错。
1）Select到底在选什么，选择的标准是什么？
2）Boil的目的是什么？
3）Unwind一步中，300-900米是指每根silk thread有这么长吗？
4）Twist的作用是什么？
5）图中twist和weave都指向dye，是要dye两次吗？
6）图中select、boil、unwind、twist、weave的过去分词都是加ed吗？
【总述】The diagram illustrates the main stages in the life cycle of silkworm and the procedure of silk cloth making.【两图关系】From this diagram it can be seen that the cocoons are neceary raw materials used for silk cloth production.
【分述流程 1】In the first stage, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves.This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself.After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again.
【分述流程 2】When it comes to the production of silk cloth, once the cocoons are selected, they are boiled in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage.Each thread is between 300 and 900 meters long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the weaving stage.【小结】 Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple proce.
The illustrations below show how chocolate is produced.Summarise the informaiton by selecting and reporting the main features.
这个流程图介绍了巧克力的制作过程，种植可可树，收获，发酵，晒，装袋，托运，送去工厂，烘焙，研磨去壳，最后挤压产生液体巧克力。重点的词汇在图的下方都有显示。
The diagram shows the stages in the proce of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：proce：整个过程, stage：阶段，step：步骤】
Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.【开头不能冲上来就直接介绍cacao tree，而是通过主题词chocolate引出，否则显得太唐突】【流程图特点之一：介绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流程图特点之二：大量使用定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三：大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans.
Firstly,【流程图特点之四：使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when the pods are ripe,they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.【三个句子的并列：“句子A，句子B and 句子C”。】During the fermenting proce, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五：要适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的的一些内容，否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣分】
Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry.They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry.After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed.This part is not needed for making chocolate.Finally, the inner part of the bean is preed and liquid chocolate is produced.
时间阶段： after a period of ..months/days/minutes, during… 顺序连词： first, first of all, in the first stage, initially, to begin with
Second, then, next, also
After that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile
Prior to, until
the first stage involves … / in the second stage / in the third stage /
in the last stage//The next step in the stage is that….目的连词： in order to / in order that; so as to / so that The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making proce, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.(剑8 test3 task1)
一、题目类型：流程图-2个
二、题目简要内容：
图1-水泥的生产;
图2-混凝土生产过程
三、素材积累：
连接词：then, afterwards, at the end of, as mentioned above, however„ 代词：the first, the, this, which, where, the latter, the final, the last„ 动词： introduce 放入 obtain 获得 pa through 穿过 go into 进入 work with 采用 come out 出来 begin with 从„开始 名词： material 材料 combination 组合 element 成分
四、论据积累：
雅思流程图的写作要根据流程图中的箭头指示方向而进行写作，描写的顺序千万不能弄错。
五、结构分析：
本图由两幅流程图构成。通过分析可知，考生除了要分别描述制作水泥和混凝土的过程之外，还要对这两种方法进行对比比较。 写作思路：
写作时可以分为四段： 第一段改写题目介绍主要内容; 第二段和第三段分别描写水泥和混凝土的制作过程; 第四段总结这两种制作方法的差异。
The diagrams show the procees and the equipments used to make cement, and how these are used to produce concrete for building purpose.
The first step in the cement productions is to introduce limestone clay.These materials pa through a crusher that produces a powder.Then this powder goes into a mixer.After this, the product paes to a rotating heater which works with heat.Afterwards, the mixture goes into a grinder where the cement comes out.At the end of the proce, the cement is packed in bags.
Referring to the concrete production, the proce begins with a combination of 15% cement, 10% water, 25% sand and 50% gravel.These four elements are introduced into a concrete mixer.
As mentioned above, the concrete production takes fewer steps than the cement production, however, it is neceary to use more materials than the latter proce in order to obtain the final product.The last difference between both procees is that the concrete mixer does not work with heat.
改写开头+总结概况（几步）
The diagram below shows the proce by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.-- The picture displays how bricks are produced through seven consecutive stages.
Before/after+doing sth.,„.; Before/after+SVO,„..1)The pieces/lumps of clay need to be placed on a metal grid so as to turn the big chunks of clay into smaller ones before falling on a roller.
2)After the big chunks of clay are turned into smaller ones with the use of a metal grid, the smaller pieces of clays fall on a roller.
Once/When„,„.-Once sand and water are added into the small chunks of clay, soft and wet clay can be formed.
-Once the bricks are shaped, they are dried to remove exce moisture in an oven for 24-48 hours that might otherwise cause cracking during the ensuing firing proce. Having done sth.,„.
Having been dried in the oven, bricks are fired to moderate temperatures between 200 and 980 degrees centigrade in a compacted furnace called kiln and then turned to a kiln where temperature rises to the maximum of 1300 degrees centigrade.
As the result of doing sth., „.As the result of being cooled in a chamber for 2-3 days, bricks are eventually formed.
„so that„
the bricks being fired need to be moved to a chamber where temperature becomes lower for 2-3 days so that they can be cooled and eventually formed.
Not Until„
Not until the blend of ingredients is conveyed and placed into a mould can bricks be shaped with an identical size.
By/through sth./ doing sth.,„.-Through being cut by a stiff wire, bricks are initially formed with desired length.
The proce starts from„ Subsequently,„., which then„..Afterwards,„.At that point,„., which, in turn,....It is worth noticing that„.Before„.Next,„..In the following stage, „.Also, „.Eventually, „.
