(4) Increasingly, over the past ten years, people especially young people have become aware of 悬赏：0 答案豆 提问人：wu13wu13 提问收益：0.00答案豆 提问赚钱 568 Increasingly, over the past ten years, people especially young people have become aware of the need to change their eating habit, because much of the food they eat, particularly proceed foods, is not good for the health.Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers , widely used in farming today.Natural foods, for example, are vegetable, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil and are rich in organic matter.In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with eential vitamins and minerals.This in itself is a natural proce compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures.Compare this with what happens in the ma production of poultry: there are battery farm, for example , where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish.Chickens kept in this way are not only tastele as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet.Take, for example, the question of sugar.This is actually a noneential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if this is neceary, we can in fact do without it.It is not that sugar is harmful in itself.But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form.of calories.There are no vitamins in it, no minerals, and no fibre.It is significant that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.In white bread, for example, the fibre has been removed.But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables.It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare.Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of wholemeal bread and more vegetables by modem experts in \"healthy eating\".This paage is mainly concerned with_________.A．people\' s growing interest in natural foods B．natural food and health diet C．the importance of fibre in foods ？ D．harmful effects of sugar 在过去的十年中，越来越多的人们尤其是年轻人已经意识到需要改变自己的饮食习惯，因为很多他们所吃的很多食物，特别是加工食品，是不利于健康。因此，他们对天然食品越来越感兴趣：食品不含有化学添加剂并没有施肥，（这种模式）今天广泛用于种殖业。
天然食品，例如，蔬菜，水果和长在土壤里富含有机物的谷物，简单来说，这意味着土壤已经被植物未使用的物质滋养，这为它提供了必需的维生素和矿物质。这与使用农药和化肥相比，本身就是一个自然的过程，商业养殖区种植的食物的主要目的是增加量数，而不是质量。
天然食品还包括在健康牧场允许放养的动物。与大规模生产家禽的模式相比：大规模的农场是有电池的农场，例如，在数千只鸡一起挤住在一栋楼，并喂以食物比垃圾好不了多少的食物。在这种情况下，鸡作为食物索然无味，，他们生的是一些缺乏重要的维生素鸡蛋。
健康饮食的其他方面现在越来越受到饮食专家的重视。举个例子来说，糖的问题。这实际上是一种必需食品！虽然如蜂蜜这样的天然替代品，如果必要，可用于甜化食物，实际上我们可以没有它。这并不是说糖本身是有害的。但它似乎是让人上瘾的：我们使用的数量一直稳步增长，在过去的两个世纪，在英国今天每个人平均会消耗200磅每年！然而，在表中，它所做的就是为我们提供能量的热量。没有维生素，没有矿物质和无纤维的话。 时下纤维被显著的认为是健康饮食的重要组成部分。例如在白面包，纤维已被清除。但它存在于精制面粉，当然蔬菜中也有。我们注意到，有趣的是，在国家的饮食中含有大量的粗面粉和蔬菜的国家，某些疾病是比较罕见的。因此，调养专家饮食的重点放在全麦面包和蔬菜在“健康饮食”。
(5)
2012年大学英语四级精选阅读8（看下翻译即
可，感觉答案有问题）
导读：现在距离英语四六级考试剩下不到一个月的时间，面对考试将近，好学网英语四六级为大家整理了大量资料供大家参考学习。在此，预祝大家顺利通过四六级考试！
When they advise your kids to \"get an education\" if you want to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth.What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide man power for your society,（1） but not too much that you prove an embarrament to your society.
Get a high school diploma, at least.Without that, you are occupationally dead, unle your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison and you can succefully drop out in grade school.
Get a college degree, if poible.With a B.A., you are on the launching pad (发射台).But now you have to start to put on the brakes.If you go for a master\'s degree, make sure it is an M.B.A., and only from a first-rate university.Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns (报酬递减率) begins to take effect.
Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more a year than full profeors?Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24, 000, while the full profeors managed to average just $23,930.
A Ph.D.is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, you are facing a dim future.There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than in any other part of the world by far.
If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science Or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands.Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.
Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes, driving cabs, waiting on tables and filling out fruitle applications month after month.And then maybe taking a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much le than the janitor earns.
You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far.Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gro national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.
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2012英语四级考试精品复习资料汇总 好学网六步高效学习法
1.According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _____.
A.will not be a shame to the society
B.will become loyal citizens
C.can take care of themselves
D.can meet the demands as a source of manpower
2.Many Ph.D.s are out of job because____.
A.they are wrongly educated
B.they are of little commercial value to the society
C.there are fewer jobs in high schools
D.they prefer easy jobs with more money
3.The nation is only interested in people ____.
A.with diplomas
B.specialized in physics and chemistry
C.valuable to the gro national product
D.both A and C
4.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Bernard Shaw didn\'t finish high school, nor did Edison.
B.One must think carefully before going for a master\'s degree.
C.The higher your educational level, the more money you will earn.
D.If you are too well educated, you\'ll make things difficult for the society.当他们建议你的孩子“接受教育” ，如果你想提高你的收入，他们会告诉你只有一半的真相。他们真正的意思是获得刚好的教育提供人的能力适应社会，但不能太多，（要是多的话）你会（察觉）社会是一个尴尬的社会。
至少获得高中毕业文凭。不这样做的话，你的职业生涯就断送了，除非你的名字恰好是萧伯纳或托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生，你辍学在小学也可以成功。
如果可能的话得到一个大学学位。拥有学士学位，你是在发射台（蓄势待发）。但现在你必须开始刹车（有所选择）。如果你要的是一个硕士学位，确保它是一个MBA学位，只有师从一流大学。除此之外，收益递减的著名定律（报酬递减率）就开始生效了。
比如，你知道长途卡车司机今年比全职教授赚更多吗？是的，1977个卡车司机的平均工资为24 000美元，而全职教授平均只23930美元。
博士学位是你能得到的最高学位，但除了少数专业领域，如物理，化学，那里的程度可以迅速地转向工业或商业用途，你正面临一个暗淡的未来。还有更多的博士部门在这个国家失业或就业不足世界上迄今为止任何其他部分。
如果在英国你成为哲学或历史或人类学或政治科学或语言或一切中最差的哲学的博士，你冒着教育水平超过了我们国家需求的风险。提个醒，虽然不能满足我们的需要，但是适合我们的要求。
成千上万的博士学位是卖鞋的，驾驶出租车，等待面试和填写一个月又一个月无果而终的申请。然后可能就职的工作在一些高中或回水大学，其支付远低于看门赚取的钱。
您目前可以将收入水平与学业水平划等号。但远远不够，也就是说让你创造的国民生产总值远低于别人应该从你那得到的。
(6)
2014年职称英语考试每日一练：理工类-阅读理解（3月7日）
阅读理解
Preserving Nature for Future
Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile (爬行类的) species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park.The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council’s diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr.Peter Baum had come to present it to the park once again.He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today.But Dr.Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right.“No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction,” he went on.The short-sighted (眼光短浅的) view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.“We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends,” Dr.Baum went on.“We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature.However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have shrunk to become mere (纯粹的) islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land ma.”
1、Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that ______.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】 D 【答案解析】 第一段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是正确的答案。
2、Why did Dr.Baum come to a British national park? A、Because he needed to present it with a council’s diploma.B、Because he was concerned about its management.C、Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.D、Because it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the Council.【正确答案】 A 【答案解析】 该题问的是：Baum博士为什么来到一个英国国家公园?第二段有这么一个句子，意思是：Baum博士来到这里，目的是要把委员会的最高质量自然保护区证书再次给这个公园。由此可见，A是正确的答案。
3、The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that ______.A、people should make every effort to create mere environment areas.B、people would go on protecting national parks.C、certain areas of countryside should be left intact.D、people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks.【正确答案】 C 【答案解析】 该题问的是：第二段最后一个句子蕴涵了什么?这个句子是这么说的：然而，Baum博士旗帜鲜明地继续支持这样的观点：自然环境本身就需要不受侵扰地生存下来。不难看出：C是该句所蕴涵的。
4、In Dr.Baum\'s opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is ______.A、idealistic B、revolutionary C、short-sighted D、traditional 【正确答案】 C 【答案解析】 该题问的是：Baum博士是怎样看待自然保护区应该用做旅游景点的观点的?答案可在第三段中找到。
5、Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A、We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.B、We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.C、People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.D、We should destroy all the built-up areas.【正确答案】 A 【答案解析】 该题问的是：下面四个陈述句中哪一个可以从最后一段中推出?有两句话特别明显：我们没有大部分的工业产品还是可以生存的， 但是如果没有自然我们则不可能生存。然而，原来属于我们农村一部分的自然环境区域已经缩小成受到破坏的、高度污染的地块中的孤岛。不难看出，工业的发展是以牺牲农村为代价的。
在英国的要求，为野生动物更强的保护有时隐瞒事实，类似需求的有感欧洲其他国家。研究了由欧洲理事会，其中21个县为成员，表明爬行动物（爬行类的）物种的45 ％和24％的蝴蝶％在消亡的危险。
欧洲关注野生动物是由医生彼得鲍姆，在环境方面的专家和理事会的天然资源师，概述了他说话的时候在安排的英国国家公园的管理人员会议。该公园是少数地区在欧洲举行的议会的文凭为最高质量的自然保护区之一，彼得鲍姆博士曾来呈现给公园一次。他担心公众舆论转向了对国家公园，而那些成立于20世纪60年代和70年代，今天不能成立。但鲍姆博士显然仍然认为，一个强有力的支持者自然的环境需要被允许在和平中生存在自己的权利。
“没有区域可以预期生存既作为一个真正的自然保护区，作为一个旅游胜地， ”他继续说。短视（眼光短浅的）认为，储备了以服务为户外休闲即时人类需求应该由完全接受它们的重要性被替换为地方保护大自然的未来。
“我们忘记自己是生命系统，而任何建成区面积最终依赖的保证， ”鲍姆博士继续。 “我们可以管理无多数工业产品，但我们无法管理没有本质。然而，我们的自然环境地区，这是我们农村的原厂配件，已经缩小成为单纯的在一个被宠坏的，高污染的土地质量（纯粹的）岛屿。 “
(7) Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following paage:
The word conservation has a thrifty (节俭) meaning.To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment.Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea 1that the treasures were “limitle” and “inexhaustible”.Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about 2the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers.Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone\'s daily life.To know about the water table (水位) in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas.We need to know why all watersheds (上游源头森林地带集水区) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea.3 We need to be taught4（与education同义转换） the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them.We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man\'s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above 5the earth.In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
26.The author\'s attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is_______ .A) critical B) neutral C) positive D) suspicious
27.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that _______ .A) they had no idea about scientific forestry B) they were not aware of the significance of nature study C) they had little or no sense of environmental protection D) they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials
28.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didn\'t realize _______ .A) the importance of the proper use of land B) the value of the beauty of nature C) the harmfulne of soil destruction and river floods D) the interdependence 相互依赖 of water, soil, and living things
29.To avoid the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that_______ .A) we plant more trees B) we return to nature C) natural sciences be taught to everybody D) environmental education be directed toward everyone
30.What does the author imply by saying “living space...is figured...also in cubic volume above the earth” (Para.3, Lines 8-10)? A) We need to take some measures to protect space.B) Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.C) Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.
D) We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and animals.
养护这个词有着节俭的意思。节俭是节约和保护，使我们自己享受这样良好的状态，其他人也可以共享乐趣。我们的祖先不知道，人口将增加超过原材料的供应速度，其中大部分，甚至直到最近，仍有宝藏是“无限”和“取之不尽，用之不竭”的愚蠢想法 （1）。大部分的古人知道很少或没有什么运行贯通自然这种复杂而细致系统的意识（2），这意味着，作为一个生命体，一个部分的不良状况迟早会伤害到所有其他部分。
五十年前，自然研究不是学校工作的一部分;科学林业是一个新的想法，木材仍然是便宜的，因为它可以从遥远的林地带来的任何量，土壤的破坏和河流洪水不是国际问题，人尚未研究长期气候周期有关正确使用土地的;“保护”没有今天我们的使用意义。
为了我们自己和我们的后代，我们现在必须着手修复我们的祖先的错误。因此，节俭应该成为每个人的日常生活的一部分。了解地下水位与其作为基本算术公式对我们来说同样重要，我们需要知道为什么所有的流域（上游源头森林地带集水区）需要植被覆盖保护，为什么要在溪流和河流的土壤流失之前尽最大努力保护它们，（3）我们需要学习植树的责任，以及切割它们的后果（4）。我们需要知道高大成熟的树木的重要性，因为对于大多数人的同胞生物在这个星球的生存空间是想通不仅在横向，而且在纵向方面在地球之上（5解析：横向指的是动物，纵向只得是空间要求更高的鸟类）。总之，它应该是我们的目标，恢复尽可能多的自然原始之美。
(8)
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following paage.（没看到答案，看下翻译吧）
The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance.Stores and shops are choked with food.Rationing (定量供应) is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries.Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasine and confusion.Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay? Does it mean that we need to think le now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two succeful grain harvests.North America is now being followed by a third.Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food.The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying le of it.
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety.And now grain prices, too, are falling.Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.
The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers.The older generation have seen it all happen before.Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market.Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well.
26.Why is there “wide-spread uneasine and confusion about the food situation in Britain?”
A) The abundant food supply is not expected to last.B) Britain is importing le food.C) Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.D) Britain will cut back on its production of food.
27.The main reason for the rise in food prices is that ________.A) people are buying le food B) the government is providing le financial support for agriculture C) domestic food production has decreased D) imported food is driving prices higher
28.Why didn’t the government’s expansion programme work very well? A) Because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the government guaranteed.B) Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production.C) Because the farmers were uncertain about whether foreign markets could be found for their produce.D) Because the older generation of farmers were strongly against the programmer.
29.The decrease in world food price was a result of ________.A) a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumers B) a sharp fall in the cost of food production C) the overproduction of food in the food-importing countries D) the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries
30.What did the future look like for Britain’s food production at the time this article was written?
A) The fall in world food prices would benefit British food producers.B) An expansion of food production was at hand.C) British food producers would receive more government financial support.D) It looks depreing despite government guarantees.
漫长的岁月，在这个国家的食物短缺突然让位给（变得）明显地食物丰富。商店都被塞满了食物。定量（定量供应）几乎被暂停，而海外供应商已被要求保留输送的货物。然而，代替喜悦的是，人们普遍的不安和混乱。为什么食品价格继续上升，什么时候有这么多的食物？丰富的食物只是暂时的，抑或是长期如此？这是否意味着我们可以考虑在家少生产些食物？没有人知道会发生什么。
最近在世界粮食市场上出现增长的出口顺差无疑是巨大的意外，可能是因为两个谷物成功的丰收季的奇怪结果。北美是目前正在其三分之一。大多数英国的海外肉类供应商也是如此，是供给更多的这一年，国内生产也随之上涨。
但是这种食物现状的影响是食品价格随之上涨，主要是由于在政府逐步切割对粮食的支持下，这一切在这个国家的粮食形势的影响。本商铺内所积压的食物，不仅因为有更多的食物，而且还因为人们通过高的价格吓坏了，就买的少了。
此外，随着世界价格已经开始回落，国内价格上涨时期已经到来，除粮食外，进口的食品往往比国内生产的各种要便宜。而现在粮食价格上涨，也正在下降。消费者都开始问，为什么他们不能从这一趋势中受益。
这些发展对农民失去了意义。老一辈之前看到过这一切发生。尽管有目前的价格和市场保障，农民担心他们在廉价的食品进口和萎缩的国内市场之间被挤压。目前生产运行的51％在战前水平以上，政府已呼吁到1956年扩大到60％ ，但州长（？）反复建议，重量轻（压力小），扩展进程就效果不好。
贵州省委党校在职研究生考试复习题(西方政治学说史)西方政治学说史（材料）
