导游词：故宫
题签四：内西路主要建筑及御花园（养心殿；储秀宫；御花园）
The Six Western Palaces are located on the west side of the three rear palaces.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, these palaces were the residential areas for the imperial concubines.In the six Western Palaces area today, we mainly visit the Hall of Mental Cultivation, the Palace of Aisting the Empre, the Palace of Gathering Elegance, and the Palace of Eternal Spring.The Hall of Mental Cultivation is located on the south side of the Six Western Palaces, After Emperor Yong Zheng of the Qing Dynasty moved his living quarters here, this palace had become the most important building besides the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City.After the third Qing Emperor Yongzheng moved his residential area from the Palace of the Heavenly Purity to here, the rest of the Qing emperors all resided here; then it became the place where the emperors conducted state affairs and held their private audiences.The central hall is the main hall in the Hall of Mental Cultivation.It was the audience chamber where the emperor read documents, gave audience to the high-ranking officials, summoned his ministers for consultation and received important ministers.The emperor’s throne is placed in the center of the hall.Behind the throne are bookshelves with a blue curtain on both sides.Above the throne, a plaque is hung bearing the Chinese characters meaning “Just and Benevolent” in Emperor Yongzheng’s handwriting.The Western Chamber was partitioned into different rooms.It was the place where the emperor read reports, signed documents and discued the important military and political affairs with his officials.The inner-room in the Western Chamber specially named the “Room of the Three Rare Treasures”.In 1746, Emperor Qianlong had a collection of three precious outstanding calligraphy masterpieces which he kept in this chamber.They were written by three famous calligraphers of the Jin Dynasty, “Clear Sky after Snow” by Wang Xizhi, “Mid Autumn” by Wang Xianzhi and “Bo Yuan” by Wang Xun.Emperor Qianlong believed that they were rear treasures; hence the name the “Room of Three Rare Treasures”.The Eastern Chamber is the chamber that has special historical significance.It was here that Emperor Dowager Cixi gave audience behind the screen during the reigns of Emperor Tongzhi and Emperor Guangxu.So the well-known “Power Behind the Throne” or “Holding Court Behind the Curtain”.With a gauze curtain between the two thrones, they aisted the boy emperor in conducting state affairs by telling him what to do and what to say.It was staged here by Empre Dowager Cixi since 1862.Empre Dowager Cixi effectively held the power and ruled China for as long as 48 years.(Behind the Hall of Mental Cultivation is a courtyard called the Hall of Manifesting Obedience, the residence of the empre in the Qing Dynasty.) In the Western Palaces, the Palace of Aisting the Empre, the Palace of Gathering Elegance, and the Palace of Eternal Spring were the palaces where Emperor Dowager Cixi once lived in the Forbidden City.The Palace of Aisting the Empre was a place where Emperor Dowager Cixi once lived when she was still an imperial concubine.The Palace of Gathering Elegance is the where Empre Dowager Cixi once lived when she was an imperial concubine.It was here that she gave birth to a son later came to the throne as the eighth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Tongzhi.In 1884, they spent a great amount of silver to refurbish the hall to celebrate Empre Dowager Cixi lived here for about ten years.The last hoste in the hall was empre Wan Rong, wife of the last emperor Puyi.The last hoste in the Palace of Eternal Spring was Shu Fei Wen Xiu, the imperial concubine of the Last Emperor Puyi.
Now we enter the Imperial Garden.Firstly, we can see the Hall of Imperial Peace.It is the main building in the Imperial Garden and also the only religious building built along the central axis.It is a Taoist temple and inside the hall the statue of the King of Xuan Wu, Xuan Wu was believed to be God of Water who could prevent the palace buildings from catching fire.
The four pavilions are located on the left and right of the Hall of Imperial Peace, two on each side, representing the four seasons of the year.The two pavilions to the east of the Hall of Imperial Peace are: Pavilion of Floating Green and Pavilion of 10,000 Spring.The two pavilions to the west of the Hall of Imperial Peace are: Pavilion of Pure Felicity and Pavilion of 1,000 Autumns.The pavilion of Everlasting Sunshine was
1 the place where the selected palace maids.The piled Elegance Hill is near the north gate in the Imperial Garden.It is an artificial hill of Taihu rocks which came from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu province.The pavilion which stands on the rockery is called “Imperial View Pavilion.” Chi Zao Tang which was built during Emperor Qianlong’s reign is in the northeastern corner of the Imperial Garden.It was the place for storing the Selections from the Encyclopedia of the Four Categories.
This is the north gate of the Forbidden City, formerly called Xuanwumen.Since the Qing Emperor Kangxi’s name was Xuanye, The word “Xuan” had the same pronunciation as the gate.It was a taboo for mentioning the emperor’s name in the old days, so the gate was renamed Shenwumen.On the tower of the gate, bells and drums were installed.In the old days, the bells were beaten in the morning and the drums struck in the evening to mark time.Thank you.
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