导语：苏州，古称吴，简称为苏，又称姑苏、平江等，是国家历史文化名城和风景旅游城市，国家高新技术产业基地，长江三角洲城市群重要的中心城市之一。以下是小编整理苏州古典的简介导游词的资料，欢迎阅读参考。
1、狮子林介绍——地理位置，名字由来，建园历史
狮子林，世界文化遗产，国家aaaa级旅游景点，全国重点文物保护单位，苏州四大名园之一(苏州的四大名园为：建于宋代的沧浪亭、建于元代的狮子林，建于明代的拙政园，建于清代的留园)。位于古城苏州东北角，占地面积约14亩。狮子林是一座以古代假山群为代表,充分体现禅宗与儒家思想相融合的园林。园内东南诸峰罗列、长廊回饶、西北多水、绿波轻盈;西部峭岩石壁、倚山斜立，更有飞瀑和潺潺流水，在园林艺术中别具一格。它既有苏州古典园林亭、台、楼、阁、厅、堂、轩、廊之人文景观，更以湖石奇峰，洞壑深邃而盛名于世，素有“假山王国”之美誉。
狮子林至今已有660多年的历史，是一座典型的“禅意”园林。元代至正二年(公元1342年)名僧天如禅师维则的弟子“相率出资，买地结屋，以居其师”。因园内“林有竹万个，竹下多怪石，状如狻猊(狮子)者”;又因维则师中峰倡道于天目山狮子岩，为“识其授受之源”，又取佛经中佛陀说法称“狮子吼”，其座称“狮子座”之意，取名“狮子林”。
据史载，明嘉靖十三年(公元1534年)，寺与园分隔，园渐演变为私家花园。明代画家倪云林曾作狮子林图，从此此园名声大嘈。清代，黄熙之父、衡州知府黄兴仁买下狮子林，取名“涉园”。乾隆三十六年(1771)，黄熙高中状元，精修府第，重整庭院，取名“五松园”。至清光绪中叶黄氏家道衰败，园已倾圯，惟假山依旧。康熙皇帝于17XX年游狮子林并赐“狮林寺”匾。乾隆皇帝曾六游狮子林，题诗10首，赐匾3块，其中“真趣”匾额至今悬挂园中;还在北京圆明园、承德避暑山庄内仿建了两座狮子林。
1917年，上海颜料巨商贝润生(世界着名建筑大师贝聿铭的族叔祖父)从民政总长李钟钰手中购得狮子林，花80万银元，用了将近七年的时间整修，重建厅堂，增建燕誉堂、九狮峰等景点，并冠以“狮子林”旧名，狮子林一时冠盖苏城。贝氏原准备筹备开放，但因抗战暴发未能如愿。贝润生1945年病故后，狮子林由其孙贝焕章管理。解放后，贝氏后人将园捐献给国家，苏州园林管理处接管整修后，于1954年对公众开放。
2、门厅(轿厅)—大厅(祠堂)—燕誉堂
狮子林的门厅坐北朝南，面阔近20米，中有将军门，门槛高达94公分，在古代，门槛的高低与该户人家经济收入的多少、地位的高低成正比。门厅两旁置有抱鼓石、浮雕狮子戏绣球和刘海钓金蟾。大门上方悬挂红底金字的乾隆御书“狮子林”匾。
穿过石板天井，天井其实相当于一个轿厅，为旧时停轿之处，两旁有供轿夫休息所用的凳子，称之为“赖凳”。我们现在来到是正厅，原来的贝家祠堂。厅前木栏杆上刻有凤穿牡丹图案，寓意“富贵无边”。正面是十六扇海棠花窗格和落地长窗，裙板上刻有花卉和蝙蝠捧寿图案，寓意“多福多寿”。廊左右分别有“敦宗”“睦族”的砖额，家族和睦相处的意思。祠堂屋檐上方有三个神仙，分别代表福、禄、寿三星高照，右边还有一个小孩，寓子孙发达之意。大厅正中张挂巨副国画《苍松图》，翠松虬枝，气势磅礴，又张继馨创作。细看，松有五颗，隐含狮子林曾名五松园之意。国画上“云林逸额”四字为顾廷龙楷书。
现在我们来到了燕誉堂。“燕誉堂”出自『诗经』“式燕且誉，好而无射”。燕誉：安闲快乐之意。此厅为全园之主厅，原是园主宴客所用。此厅是苏州园林中最典型的鸳鸯厅。所谓鸳鸯厅就是在一座大厅内用屏门，挂落隔成南北两部分，从内部看似两厅相连，但布置相异。在这个厅，一共有十个不同。(1)匾额的题名不同，南厅为燕誉堂，北厅为绿玉青瑶之馆。(2)屏门南面为重修师子林记，北面为狮子林的全景图。(3)南厅的窗景是真实的景色，北厅是画像，假的。(4)家具的陈设样式不同。(5)一面放着钟，意思是男人做事要守时;一面放镜子，女人要打扮。(6)脚下的铺砖一面是菱形的，表示男人做事要有棱有角;一面是正方形的，意思女人做人要规规矩距。(7)北厅的梁柱用圆木，南厅的梁柱用方木。(8)南面的景色比北面漂亮。(9)梁的不同。南厅是雕梁;北厅梁无雕刻。(10)宫灯的不同。在功能上，前厅常为招待贵宾，内“堂”为密友聚谈，女眷欢聚的地方。
3、小方厅—九狮峰—指柏轩
由燕誉堂后院北行，就到了“园涉咸趣”的小方厅。小方厅四面通透，为过道厅。前面有一块金砖，是清朝留下的。金砖是大型方砖的雅称，据古籍《金砖墁地》记载，金砖是专为皇宫烧制的细料方砖，其颗粒细腻，质地密实，敲之作金石之声。又因金砖制成后要运至北京的京仓，以供皇宫专用，故又有“京砖”之称。金砖的制作过程非常复杂而且漫长，一块金砖的完成大概需要8到9年的时间。小方厅东西两侧墙上有呈矩形的砖细月洞，东窗外是素心腊梅，西窗外是称为城市山林的假山和林木。以窗洞、门洞为画框，观赏外面景色，称为框景。两幅“框景”，如两幅山水画，尽现造园主人的匠心，意境深远。
出小方厅，即见厅园中的九狮峰。九狮峰由太湖石堆砌而成，为狮子林众多湖石峰的代表之一，气势雄伟，涡洞纵横，玲珑奇特，妙趣横生。因有拟态的九头狮子造型而得名。峰石粉墙衬托，勾勒出峰石清晰的轮廓，左侧有次峰相配，翠竹摇曳，更显出峰石的奇曲高峻，变幻莫测。九狮峰后面有四副漏画，分别代表琴、棋、书、画。
九狮峰小院西侧，有一海棠形门洞，上嵌砖刻“涉趣”、“探幽”。门穴造型别致，海棠花型，组成美丽框景，引人入胜。进入门洞，即是狮子林的主景区，前有假山，后为楼厅“指柏轩”。
假山占地面积1.78亩，有上下3层，9条通道，21个洞穴。指柏轩为两层楼建筑，全名是“揖峰指柏轩”，出处：一是狮子林为现存的唯一一座“禅意”园林，其建筑名称大多与禅宗的公案有关。指柏轩来自“赵州指柏”的典故。另一说源于宋代朱熹的诗句“前揖庐山，一峰独秀”;明代高启的诗句“人来问不应，笑指庭前柏”。指柏轩体态高大，四周围廊，有栏杆围合。轩前古柏数株，并与假山石峰遥相呼应。指柏轩二楼现为茶室。
4、花篮厅—湖心亭—真趣亭—石舫
现在我们看到的是花篮厅。花篮厅本名“荷花厅”，民国三十四年曾在这里举行驻苏州侵华日军向中国投降仪式。68年此厅焚毁，后从娄门内郑宅移花篮厅一座至此。所谓花篮厅是一种小型的厅堂，厅中步柱不落地，改成很短的垂莲柱，柱端雕成花篮状，若有喜事的时候，花篮里还会插上花，以示喜庆。花篮厅面水而筑，前有平台。厅南14扇落地长窗，刻有唐诗各一首，厅北6扇长窗均刻有山水人物故事。厅中悬挂“水垫风来”匾额，表示此为夏天赏荷的好地方。
我们看到湖中央有一个亭子，名为湖心亭。从亭中西望有瀑布飞泉。瀑布共分五叠，跌入飞溅，故湖心亭中悬匾“观瀑”。湖心亭是观瀑佳处，而它本身又在湖中占中心位置。当游人沿池绕行时，它始终成为视线的焦点。连接亭的九曲桥与南面的拱桥一平一拱、一曲一直、一轻一重，形成了鲜明的对比。
我们现在来到的是金碧辉煌的真趣亭。“真趣”二字据说是乾隆皇帝御笔题写的。当年乾隆下江南，来到苏州狮子林游玩，一时雅兴大发，唤随从备砚，挥笔写下“真有趣”三字。这是给乾隆当导游的状元黄喜在一旁见了觉得不免俗气，便说“万岁御笔千金，微臣一贫如洗，叩请皇上把中间的有字赏给奴才吧!”乾隆明白的他的用心，便顺水推舟的把有字赏给了他，成了“真趣”二字。乾隆走后，地方官在此筑造亭阁，将“真趣”二字作为亭名。由于是皇帝亲临之地，亭内装饰金碧辉煌，绘有凤穿牡丹图案，雍荣华贵。还饰有“秀才帽”图案，寓意“秀才本是宰相苗”，鼓励认真读书，奋发向上，三面设吴王靠，饰有木刻狮子。在此小坐，可悉心欣赏湖心亭、九曲石桥、石舫、飞瀑和连绵的假山远景。
出真趣亭，沿走廊西行，就到了石舫。系二十世纪20年代最后一任园主所建，仿照北京颐和园的石舫建造，中、后舱均为两层。石舫四周安有86扇镶嵌彩色玻璃的和合窗。
5、暗香疏影楼—飞瀑亭(听涛亭)—问梅阁—双香仙馆—扇亭—文天祥诗碑亭—御碑亭—立雪堂
此楼楼名出自名句：疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏。梅贵疏贵斜，忌密忌直，疏梅之影横斜倒映在清浅的水面上，黄昏时分月上枝梢，有暗香浮动,这幽雅醉人的环境,真是赏梅咏梅的佳处。楼依湖而建，一层为通道，上楼南面可见红梅绿树,树丛中飞翘的屋檐便是问梅阁。
由暗香疏影楼南行数步，可见飞瀑亭。飞瀑亭建在瀑布旁，方形，卷棚歇山顶，亭内西置屏门，上部刻有《飞瀑亭记》，下刻浮雕“杏林春暖，茶净纳凉，东篱佳色，山家清供”四幅。亭中有石桌和四只石鼓墩座，坐在亭中，流水潺潺，如闻涛声，故亭又名“听涛亭”，与湖心亭“观瀑”相互辉映。
问梅阁的名字出自禅宗公案，是西部园景的中心景物，筑于土山之上，阁前遍植梅树。阁内窗纹，家具装饰地面花纹皆雕刻成梅花形，屏上书画也都取材梅花。此处乃西部最高处，可以东眺山地，池中有湖心亭架曲桥，全园山色历历在目。
我们现在看到的是双香仙馆，长方形单檐亭，屋顶与廊共用，三面围木制栏杆，亭内设汉白玉石台。所谓“双香”是指梅荷之香。因亭外近处有梅花，山下有荷花池，冬天梅花暗香浮动，夏天荷花想远益清。在这里能够享受这两种清香，好似仙人居住之所。荷花与梅花的清香都是纯洁的，带给观赏者以高尚的享受并使心灵得到净化。
转角处的亭子叫扇亭，外形象折扇的扇面。扇形月洞，扇形吴王靠，扇形石台。置身其中，可饱览园景。
建于廊的最高点的为文天祥诗碑亭。文天祥诗碑亭亦名正气亭，亭内碑刻是文天祥狂草手迹“梅花诗”：静虚群动息，身雅一心清;春色凭谁记，梅花插座瓶。
廊东半亭，为御碑亭，嵌有乾隆第二次南巡(公元1757年)，首次游览狮子林时所作的《游狮子林苏州府城内诗》御诗一首。后黄氏刻碑立石以示皇帝临幸荣耀，留念后人，为园中古迹之一。*中碑曾被毁，现碑文乃是*之后按原有断碑拓片重刻，而碑座、碑顶为旧物。
我们走出长廊，到达冬部庭院“立雪堂”。这是一个幽雅精致的小庭院。立雪堂旧为狮林传法之堂，天如禅师曾于立雪堂说法授教。堂名出自佛教的“慧可见达摩”典故，慧可雪地断臂立志参拜达摩为师。宋代还有一个故事：杨时和游酢去拜会当时着名的理学家程颐。程颐正在闭目养神，杨时、游酢二人恭敬地站在一旁，等了很长时间。程颐醒来，门外已雪深一尺。后人就以“程门立雪”作为尊师重道的范例。现留“立雪”题名，意为宏扬尊师、求学的精神，激励后人。现堂中两边庭柱上有明代唐伯虎旧联：“苍松翠竹真佳客，明月清风是故人。”现联为邓云乡重书。庭院之中散列佳峰珍石，造成狮子岩余脉之状。湖石又具牛、蟹、狮、蛙之形，组成“狮子静观牛吃蟹”的景观。你看，庭院北面一个牛头伸过来，向着匍匐在地..的螃蟹;螃蟹怒张着双螯，气势汹汹地迎着牛头。庭院东南角一只狮子翘着尾巴、张着大嘴窥视，像在等待时机进攻，坐收渔翁之利。这一组造型，有着“螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后”的意境。
英语版
1.Introduction of lion forest -- geographical location, origin of name, history of construction
Lion forest, the world cultural heritage, the national aaaa level scenic spots, national key cultural relics protection units, one of the most famous four gardens in suzhou (the four claical gardens in suzhou as follows: built in the song dynasty in the surging wave pavilion, lion grove, built in the yuan dynasty was built in the Ming dynasty in the humble administrator\'s garden, lingering garden built in the qing dynasty).Located in the northeast corner of suzhou, it covers an area of about 14 mu.The lion forest is a garden which is represented by the ancient false mountain group, which fully embodies the integration of zen and Confucianism.In the southeast of the park, there are a list of peaks, corridors, the northwest, the water, the light of green waves; The western wall of rock wall, leaning on the hillside, more waterfalls and babbling water, unique in the garden art.It has the cultural landscape of suzhou claical garden pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, halls, halls, pavilions, halls and pavilions.It is also known as \"the kingdom of rockery\" and has a reputation for its profound and profound reputation.
The lion forest has more than 660 years of history, is a typical \"zen\" garden.In the first two years of the yuan dynasty (1342), the disciple of the buddhist monk, zen master wei, paid for the purchase of the land and the house.Because of the garden, \"there are bamboo, the stones are many, like the\" lion \"; And because b d t 27 call way in lionrock, for \"is the source of its giving-receiving\", and take the Buddha in buddhist scriptures as saying \"the lion roar\", it says \"Leo\" meaning, named \"lion forest\".
According to the history, in 1534, the temple was separated from the garden, and the garden gradually became a private garden.The Ming dynasty painter ni yunlin used to be a lion forest map, hence the fame of the garden.In the qing dynasty, the father of huang xi and the governor of hengzhou huang xingren bought the lion forest and named it \"the garden\".Qianlong, 36 years (1771), huang xi senior high school scholar, refined the mansion, reorganized the courtyard, named \"five pine garden\".In the middle of the qing dynasty, huang\'s family was in decline, and the garden had been poured, but the mountain still remained.Emperor kangxi visited the lion forest in 17XX and gave the \"lion Lin temple\" plaque.Emperor qianlong had six lions in the forest, 10 poems and three tablets, among which the \"real interest\" plaque was hanging in the garden.Also in Beijing yuanmingyuan, chengde summer resort built two lion forest.
Pigment company in 1917, Shanghai BeiRunSheng (world the construction master pei family great-uncle) from civil administration chief Li Zhongyu purchased lion grove, 800000 silver, for nearly seven years of time to repair, rebuild hall, build YanYu hall, nine lions, scenic spots, such as peak and dubbed \"the lion\" Lin old name, lion forest canopy Sioux city at one time.Mr Berlusconi was prepared to open up, but the outbreak of resistance was unsucceful.After the disease died in 1945, the lion forest was managed by sun beihuan.After the liberation, the bayesian descendants donated the garden to the country.After the renovation of the suzhou garden management office, it was opened to the public in 1954.
2.Hall (the hall)yan yu tang
Lion grove of vestibular sits, nearly 20 meters, the width of the general door, threshold of up to 94 cm, in ancient times, the threshold of what and who the family economic income, status is directly proportional to the height.The hallways are lined with drums, lions and bangs.On the top of the gate hung the redwaterfall pavilion (listening to tao ting)double xiangxian pavilionwentianxiang poetry pavilionthe pavilion of the pavilion
The name of this building comes from the famous sentence: the shadows of the horizontal and oblique water, the light of the night.MeiGui thin your Angle, avoid avoid is straight, thin shadow of mei extremely reflected on the surface of QingJian, nightfall on the month, the topmost have fragrant, the quiet and tastefully laid out and intoxicating environment, really enjoy 梅咏梅 better place.The building is built on the lake, one floor is the paageway, upstairs to the south can see the red plum trees, the eaves in the trees are to ask mei pavilion.
A few steps from the south line of the shadow building, visible waterfall pavilion.Waterfall and pavilions built beside the waterfall, square, shed from the top of the mountain, booth in west screen door, top engraved with the waterfall and pavilion \", under carved reliefs \"almond shaped spring, tea net of tori color beautiful, mountain home omen\" four.In the pavilion, there are stone tables and four stone drum blocks, sitting in the pavilion, flowing water, such as the sound of the river, so the pavilion is known as the \"listening tao pavilion\", which is reflected in the \"waterfall\" of the lake pavilion.
The name of meige is from the zen public case.It is the central scene of the western garden, built on top of the mountain, and the plum trees are planted before the pavilion.The window grain of the cabinet, the furniture decorates the ground pattern is carved into the plum flower shape, the book and painting on the screen also takes the plum flower.Here is the highest point in the west, overlooking the mountains, the lake in the lake pavilion winding bridge, the landscape of the garden.
What we are seeing now is the double xiangxian pavilion, the rectangular single eaves, the roof and the porch are Shared, the three sides are surrounded by the wooden railings, the pavilion is equipped with a white marble platform.The so-called \"double scent\" refers to the aroma of may.There are plum blooms near the pavilion.There is a lotus pond under the hill.In winter, the plum bloom is floating in the dark.Here can enjoy these two kinds of fragrance, like the home of the immortal.The scent of lotus and plum is pure, giving the viewer a noble enjoyment and purifying the soul.
The pavilion at the corner is called a fan pavilion.Fan moon hole, fan wu wang, fan - shaped stone platform.Place yourself in it and enjoy the landscape.
The highest point of the corridor is the wentianxiang poem pavilion.Wen tianxiang poem pavilion is also known as the zhengqi pavilion.The inscriptions in the pavilion are the calligraphy of \"plum bloom poems\" by wen tianxiang.Who is the spring color to remember, plum flower socket bottle.
In the east half pavilion of the pavilion, the first visit to the lion forest was made by emperor qianlong\'s second southern tour (1757).The later huang-shi stone tablet stone monument to the emperor\'s visit to the honor, to be remembered for one of the gardens.During the cultural revolution, the monument was destroyed, and the inscription is a reengraving of the original stone tablet after the cultural revolution, and the epitaph is the old thing.
We walked out of the corridor and arrived at the winter courtyard.It is a small, elegant courtyard.Lixue hall was used as the hall of the forest of lions, and the sky was taught by the zen master in lixue hall.The name comes from the buddhist \"hui can see dharma\" allusions, huike snow broken arm to aspire to visit dharma as a teacher.In the song dynasty, there was also a story: Yang and he went to visit the famous neo-confucianist cheng yi.Cheng yi was keeping his eyes closed, and when Yang was sitting there, he stood respectfully and waited for a long time.Cheng yi woke up, and the snow was deep.Later generations will use \"chengmen lixue\" as an example of respect.Now, the title of \"li xue\", meaning to be a respected teacher, the spirit of learning, to inspire future generations.On the two sides of the hall, there are the old tang bohu in the Ming dynasty: \"the emperor is a good customer, and the clear moon is the old man.\" Now, we are reworking for deng yun township.In the courtyard, there is a good mountain of stone, resulting in the shape of the lion rock.The lake stone is also made of cow, crab, lion and frog, which forms the \"lion watch cow eat crab\" landscape.Look, a bull-head is sticking up north of the courtyard, toward the ground.The crab; The crab is angry with a pair of chelate, fierce and fierce against the cow head.A lion in the south-eastern corner of the courtyard, with its tail on its tail and its mouth open, looks like it\'s waiting for a moment to attack.This group modelling, have \"praying mantis to catch cicadas, huang sparrow behind\" artistic conception.
