专题一英语阅读理解解题四步曲
在高考英语试卷中，阅读理解是重中之重。因此，掌握阅读技巧，加快阅读速度，提高解题效率对考生来说非常重要。本专题以一篇高考英语阅读理解为例谈谈如何运用正确的解题步骤来提高阅读效率。
一、高考真题
It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves.Some groups believe wolves should be killed.Other people believe wolves Must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderne(荒野).
For Killing Wolves
In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport .However．1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the wolf population has greatly increased.Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply．
A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family.People in the wilderne also hunt deer for
food．Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderne plant life．When the deer can’t find enough food，they die．
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some
day．And the wolves will．too．So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderne to balance the ecology．If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out．We’d also save some farm animals．
In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food．Farmers want the
government to send biologists to study the problem．They believe it neceary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population．
Against Killing Wolves
If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf．According to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for food．Even today，the stories of the“big bad woIf\'＂will not disappear．
But the fact is wolves are afraid of people．and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell．When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young．or the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived．And has always been a law of nature
Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderne plant life．
The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people．Even if
wilderne land is not used directly for human needs．the wolves can’t always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．
60．According to the paage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that ．
A．there are too many wolvesB．they kill large numbers deer
C．they attack cows and chickens for foodD．they destroy the wilderne plant life
61．．
A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildeme
B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderne
C．there are too many deer in the wilderne
D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people
62．According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals，．
A．they never eat strong and healthy ones
B．they always go against the law of nature
C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature
D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderne
63．The last sentence“And everyone knows what happens next”implies that in such cases ．
A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away
B．wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them
C．wolves wilI find enough food sources on farms
D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live
二、解题四步曲
1.泛读全文，明大意。
2.读题干和选项，作标记。
3.带着关键词，找出对应句。
4.比较选项看差异，斟酌原文定答案。
三． 课堂实战技能训练
A When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”, My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her.One of us would walk her, another would feed her ,then there were baths, playing catch and many other games .Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us.One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.We always felt better when she was around.
One days, as I was getting her food, she chewed up(咬破) one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end.I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was
Wrong.When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl.” She looked down at the ground and then went and hid.I saw a tear in her eyes.
Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet.She went everywhere with us.People would stop and ask if they could pet her.Of course she\'d let anyone pet her.She was just the most lovable dog.There were many dines when we\'d be out walking and a small child would come over and pull on her hair.She never barked (吠) or tried to get away.Funny thing is she would smile.This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth.Far from the truth, she loved everyone.
Now many years have paed since Brownie died of old age.I still mi the days when she was with us.
1.What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?
A.Look at them sadly.B.Keep them company.
C.Play games with them.D.Touch them gently.
2.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie __
A.would eat anything when hungryB.felt scary for her mistake
C.loved playing hide-and-seekD.disliked the author\'s dad
3.Why does the author say that Browrnie was more than just a family pet?
A.She was treated as a member of the family.
B.She played games with anyone she liked.
C.She was loved by everybody she met.
D.She went everywhere with the family.
4.Some people got frightened by Brownie when she
A.smiledB.barkedC.rushed to thhemD.tried to be funny
5.Which of the following best describes Brownie?
A.Shy.B.Polite.C.Brave.D.Caring.
B
Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer.But there is one question that has millions of current answers.That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean? People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a well-known person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happine”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter—a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village.The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray.Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman.John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name.English-speaking people added –s or –son.The Johnsons are of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O.Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
6.Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the paage NOT cover?
A.Places where people lived.B.People’s characters.
C.Talents that people poeed.D.People’s occupations.
7.According to the paage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.
A.owned or drove a cartB.made things with metals
C.made kitchen tools or containsD.built houses and furniture
8.Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.
A.Beatrice SmithB.Leonard Carter
C.George LongstreetD.Donald Greenwood
9.The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____.
A.later generationsB.friends and relatives
C.colleagues and partnersD.later sponsors
总之，同学们在解答阅读理解题时，先读原文通大意， 再读题干选项作标记，找出范围对应句，比较选项看差异，不仅仅可以节省时间，而且还可以提高答题的准确性。诚然，上述的阅读理解四步曲是互相联系、相辅相成的，同学们在解题时要灵活运用。
