短文写作妙笔生花开头语
文章的开头除了要表明主题外，还有一个重要的任务就是吸引阅卷老师的注意。因此，开头一定要具有与众不同的吸引力，这样才能给阅卷老师留下深刻的印象。下面介绍几种实用有效的开头方式及常用句型：
1）现象法
所谓现象法，就是在文章开头就指出某种社会现象或问题。这种开头方式在六级写作中十分常见，主要应用于现象解释型作文和问题解决型作文。
【常用句式】
① Recently/ Presently the phenomenon/ iue/ problem of„ has been brought into focus./ aroused public attention/ become a heated topic/ been in the limelight.
② With „, there arises a heated debate as to„
③ With the steady/ rapid/ amazing development of„, people begin to„④ In the past„ years, many„ have been faced/ troubled/ confronted with„
⑤ Nowadays/ Recently, one of the hottest/ most popular topics/ problems many people complain/ concern about/ talk about/ discu is„
⑥ Nowadays, our society is/ we are witneing more and more„
⑦ In the past„ years, there has been a sharp/ dramatic increase/ growth/ rise/ decline in „ According to an official report/ survey/ poll, „
⑧ In recent„years, „has experienced an alarming increase/ growth/ rise/ decline in„
【例13】
Nowadays, one of the hottest problems many people complain about now is piracy.Books, tapes, VCDs and other high-tech products have been pirated.For instance, when a new product comes onto market, most probably, its pirated version will soon show up in the market, too.
【分析】本段文字是关于如何解决盗版问题的文章开头，运用了现象法，段首句使用了句式⑤。
2）对立法
所谓对立法，就是引出人们对要讨论问题的不同看法和观点，然后提出自己的看法或者表明自己偏向哪一看法。这种开头方式方式一般用于有争议的主题，主要适用于对比选择型作文。
【常用句式】
① When asked„, a great/ vast majority of people/ most„ say that„ But I think/ view quite differently./ But in my eye/view,„
② When it comes to„, some people believe that„, but some others argue/ claim that„ (the opposite/ reverse is true).There is probably some truth in both arguments/ statements, but „(I tend to agree to/ would prefer the former/ latter.)
③ Now, it is commonly/ generally/ widely believed/ held/ acknowledged that„.They claim/ believe/ argue that„ But I wonder/ doubt whether„
④ Nowadays there is no agreement among people as to„.Some people focus on/ advocate/ favor „ while others may think„.(From my point of view, „)
⑤ When faced with/ In the face of„ quite a few people claim that„ but other people argue„⑥ There is much discuion/ public debate/ controversy nowadays as to the problem of„ Some people say that„ Others hold that„
⑦ There is a general debate over the phenomenon of „ People who are against/ object to it claim/ hold „ But people who advocate it, on the other hand, claim/ argue „
⑧ The value of this form of„ is now being questioned by„/There is growing skepticism toward„
【例14】
Nowadays there is no agreement among people as to the best measure of a country’s succe.Some people focus on rich economy while others may think it is the quality of life that has nothing to do with money
【分析】本段文字是关于什么是社会成功的标准的文章开头，运用了对立法，段首句使用了句式④。
3）观点法
所谓观点法，就是开门见山，直截了当地提出本文要论证的观点或要解决的问题。这种开头方式主要适于观点论证型作文和问题解决型作文。
【常用句式】
① Now there is a growing awarene/ recognition of the neceity to„/Now people are becoming increasingly aware/ conscious of the importance of„
② It is true that„ No one can deny „
③ „, which has been generally accepted.The truth of it is deep and profound/ self-evident.④ Now people in growing/ significant numbers are beginning/ coming to realize/ accept/ be aware that„
⑤ Nowhere in„ / Never in history has the iue/ change/ idea of„ been more evident/ visible/ popular/ serious than in„
⑥ Perhaps/ Maybe we should/ it is time to rethink/ reexamine/ have a fresh look at the idea/ value/ attitude/ wisdom/ desirability that„
【例15】
Now there is a growing awarene of the neceity to protect our natural resources form being exhausted.Having realized that natural resources cannot be reproduced if they are exhausted, people are turning to other things for replacement of natural resources.
【分析】本段文字是关于如何保护自然资源的文章开头，运用了观点法，段首句使用了句式①。
4）比较法
所谓比较法，就是通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点进行比较，从而引出文章要讨论的观点。一般来说，对过去的观点都只是一笔带过，而将写作的重点放在现在的即文章要讨论的观点上。这种开头方式主要适用于观点论证型作文。
【常用句式】
① For years, „had been viewed as„ But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing/ development of„, people„
② People used to think that„ (In the past, „) But people don’t share this view now.
③ It is a tradition/ custom/ practice/ traditional way„ But now/in recent decades things have changed.
【例16】
People used to think that children should be obedient.If they were obedient, their parents would be very proud and very pleased, and consequently, they would be the favorite ones of their parents among other children.But people do not share this view now.They now think it is of great
importance that their children have their own thoughts.
【分析】本段文字是关于孩子应该有独立的思想和观点的文章开头，运用了比较法，段首句使用了句式②。
5）问题法
所谓问题法，就是先将要讨论的问题进行设问，然后在解答的过程中引出观点。这样开头的好处在于从一开始就能引起读者的兴趣，但需要注意的是，如果问题设计不好，就会导致首段中心不突出，主题句表达苍白等负面效果，因此使用时要慎重。这种开头方式主要适用于对比选择型作文和现象解释型作文。
【常用句式】
① Should/ What„? Opinions of/ Attitudes towards/ Answers to„ vary widely/ greatly/ from person to person.Some„ are favor of/ view/ regard/ think of„ Others believe/ argue/ claim„② “Why do/ have „?” Many „ often ask/ pose the question like this.
③ One of the basic/ hot topic facing our society is: What/Why „?
④ How do you think of the problem of „? In seeking answer to this q
⑤ Why is there a „ in society? It is no easy task to identify the causes for it.
【例17】
Should euthanasia be legalized? Answers to this question vary greatly from person to person.Some people are in favor of the idea of euthanasia.Others argue that the legalization may bring about some problems.
【分析】本段文字是关于安乐死是不是该合法化问题的文章开头，运用了问题法，段首句使用了句式①。
6）引用法
所谓引用法，就是在文章开头引用名人名言、箴言、谚语或有代表性的看法，来引出文章要论述的观点。这种方法通过引用切合主题的名言警句，一方面可以突出主题，另一方面也能为文章增加文采，容易给人留下深刻的印象。但是这种开头要求考生必须有一定知识储备，对所使用的名言警句等要应运自如。另外，所引用的名言警句一定要为中心服务，不能单纯为了增加文采而引用。这种开头方式主要适用于观点论证型作文。
【常用句式】
① One of the great/ early writers/ philosophers/ scientists said/ wrote/ remarked, “„”If this is true/ the case, then the present/ current view/ value/ attitude/ situation should make us wonder whether„/ ponder over„
② “„” The same idea/ complaint/ attitude is voiced/ echoed/ shared by„
③ “„” How often we hear/ We are used to hearing/ Many people have heard(such) statement/ words/ complaint like/ as this/ those.
④ There is an old/ popular saying/ proverb which goes that„.The truth of it is profound and significant./ Under its simplified cover, a truth is ironically pointed out, that is, „
⑤ One great „ had ever said/ once remarked, “„”Now it still has a realistic/ profound significance./ Now it is still working in our modern society./ Now more and more people share this belief./ The remark is still confirmed by people in today’s society./ the remark has been shared by generations./ The view has been echoed by many …
【例18】
There is an old proverb which goes that the gra is always greener on the other side of the valley.Under its simplified cover, a truth is ironically pointed out, that is, people are not contented with the already bleing situation.On the contrary, we always think that there are people around us
who are much more fortunate than us.In fact this kind of opinion is very dangerous.
【分析】本段文字是关于成功是靠运气还是靠努力奋斗的文章开头，运用了引用法，段首句使用了句式④。
