There be句型
语法专题详解
There be 句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。(单数is 复数are ) eg：There is a table in the room.房间里有一张桌子。
There are some birds on the tree.树上有很多鸟。
一、There be 句型的结构： 1.常见句型结构
（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语
eg：There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。
（二）There are+复数主语+地点状语
eg：There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。 There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。
（三）there is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 （即使有some 也是 单数）
eg：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。 （水是不可数名词） 2.There be选择就近原则：
There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。
如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
(在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。)
二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答
（一）There be 句型的疑问
1.在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。
2.肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.3.否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
eg: 可数名词单数1.肯定句There is an apple on the tree.疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree? 肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.可数名词复数2.肯定句There are five pens on the desk.疑问句Are there five pens on the desk? 肯定回答: Yes, there are.否定回答
No, there aren’t.
不可数名词的时候 3.肯定句 There is some water in the cup. （水是不可数名词） 否定句 Is there any water in the cup? 肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.
（二）There be 句型的特殊疑问句：
There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用\"Who\\\'s+介词短语?\"； 当主语是物时，用\"What\\\'s + 介词短语?\"。
（注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。）
② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用\"Where is / are+主语?\" ③对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？ eg:How many people are there in the picture? How much water is there in the bottle ?
三、There be 句型的否定形式
There be 句型的否定：
否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not =isn’t are not= aren’t
但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.1.There is a knife in the kitchen.
——否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.2.There are five apples on the tree.—— 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.3.There is some water in the bottle. ——否定:There is not any water in the bottle.4.There are some birds singing in the tree.——否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.
