飘逸人生
Life: Take It Easy 关于作业中的问题：
这篇文章拿来做翻译有很大的难度，通过翻译我发现了一个很大的问题，希望引起我们的注意。这个问题与我们的翻译无关。那就是英语语言的基本功问题。有一些同学中由于种种的原因，出现了一些不符合英语语言规范的句子。当然我们可以说由于翻译起来太难，造成的，但是有资格做翻译的前提是掌握较扎实的语言基本功。我们从小学习英语，特别是大二大家还专门学习了语法，又在大学里以英语为专业，日日与英语为业，日日听说读写英语，可以说，我们生活了英语两年，对于一些基本的语言规范和规则应该不成问题。那么成了问题怎么办？亡羊补牢，犹未晚矣！多读，多背，多写，多译。如果前两年以听说为重点，那么大三应该在不放松听说的前提下，将重点转向读写译。一定要养成背诵英语篇章的习惯，就像小时候学语言背唐诗，背课文一样。 讲解：
之所以选取这么一段有难度的文章，是想让大家体会一下汉译英的难度。结合本章我们所学的英汉语言结构差别，领会一下做汉译英时如何根据英语习惯，组织句子，特别是如何搭起句子的基本框架结构：
请对照阅读原文和译文，结合自己的翻译，找找这方面的问题，看译者做了那些处理？和我们的翻译有什么不同？这么处理的根据是什么？
第一段：
行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。 讲解：“行路”实际上指的是“人生之旅”, road of life.Life’s journey.该句单从这三个字来看，可以翻成“It is difficult to walk”.但显然不能表达出此处的意义。
To go on a journey is often full of hardships, but so long as one lives he proceeds on his life’s journey.（but everyone has to go through life’s journey）
有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆。Different people go along differently.Some take hasty steps in anxiety.讲解：此处译文增加了一句，为了使上下文更加连贯。 眼中只有目标却忽略了风景，可路迢迢不知哪儿是终点。
Obseed with reaching the next goal in time, they spare no time for sightseeing along the way, nor do they have a clear view of where their long roads end.讲解：目标和终点不是一回事。特别注意此句的搭架方式；
有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒，有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦虑苦恼。
Others travel leisurely like tourists.They would take time off now and then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals.They would stop to admire clouds gathering and dispersing.Even when they go against the wind or are caught in the rain, they never get annoyed, for worries slip off their minds as from an open net.讲解：在Different people go along differently.总领下，此句选取了和上一句同样的结构。这已经上升到成篇的层次上了。基于此，先把“有的人如游客”单独成句，这样就和上面一句结构一样了。在以三个they would do结构，分述这些人的表现；特别注意原文汉语的特点，全是逗号，对我们来说，从哪里断句，来组织英语句子是一个翻译的难点。首先要学会划分层次。看看这一段可以化为几个层次。如何确定？
人生之路谁不走？只是走路别忽略了一路的良辰美景。
Everyone goes his way in life.What makes a difference is: Does he have a pleasant trip enjoying the landscape along the way?
1 讲解：这一句很多同学出现了一种句式: that +祈使句的情况。That don’t ..这是不符合英语习惯的。
这一句可以照问句来翻译，也可以采用本译者这种化问句为肯定句的方式。在单句结构上，要注意“走路”和“忽略美景”两个动作之间的安排。
一个人工作的地方是小的，居住的家是小的，社交的圈子是小的，有的人就越来越不满这缺乏变化的单调。
Cramped is one’s workplace, narrow is one’s residence and small is the social cirle one moves about—such limitedne entails lack of variety which is the source of some people’s complain.讲解：倒装句的使用，而且“是小的”根据搭配习惯选了三个不同的词。 有的人却总是怡然自得，随遇而安。世界浩渺，一个人只能居于一角。
But others are always contented and happy for they can adapt themselves to different circumstances.Compared with the vastne of the universe it is only a tiny spot one occupies on earth.讲解：注意前后两句之间的逻辑关系，并根据这个逻辑关系选择联接词，把两个分句和在一起。我们在做汉译英时一个共同的特点是，总喜欢用and连接两个分句，忽略了原文隐含的逻辑关系，这也是我们做汉译英时常犯的一个问题。
比海洋大的是天空，比天空大的是心灵，因为这小小的心灵内居住着一只时起时落的想象鸟。
However, though larger than the ocean is the sky, even larger is the human mind, for in it imagination can come and go on the wing without limitation.
讲解：一方面注意关联词的使用；另一方面特别注意：想象鸟，没有翻译成”bird of imagination, 而是用wing来指，这样避免给人一种迷惑感。
大碗饮茶解渴，却说不上这茶是怎样的好。
To drink at a gulp is a quick way to quench thirst, but it gives no taste of the high grade tea.讲解：注意主语的选择：我们可以说to drink/drinking，这个地方很多同学的译文让我们感觉是喝茶，而不能体会茶的好。原文突出强调的是“喝茶的方式”。
一心想的到的东西终于得到了，失去了却很多很多，而失去的原来比得到的还要好。 One may eventually win what he has set his mind to, only to find that he has lost quite a lot.Perhaps what he loses is even better than what he gains.讲解：加了only to find that…表示结果却…
物化了的生命硬如岩石，而那些看似无价值的却永葆这神韵和空灵。
Life, when petrified by material desires, is as callous as stone, while those seemingly worthle things always remain fresh and full of spirit.讲解：petrify: to cause sth.To change into stone.（石化）此处意思是以追求物欲为主的生命。最好不要译成materialized life,因为materialize: 两个含义：become a reality成为现实，实现，发生; take bodily form; become visible;具体化，实体化；与物欲没有关系。
人生旅途上，有人背负着名利急急奔走，有人回归自然，飘逸而行。
In their journey through life, some people hurry on with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain, while others go with an easy grace, enjoying themselves in harmony with nature.讲解：注意原文中的连续动词的处理，背负名利急急奔走；回归自然，飘逸而行。关键在于判断这些连续动词之间的逻辑关系，应该以哪一个为主干组织英语的句子。
2
飘逸人生
行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆。眼中只有目标却忽略了风景，可路迢迢不知哪儿是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒，有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦虑苦恼。
人生之路谁不走？只是走路别忽略了一路的良辰美景。
一个人工作的地方是小的，居住的家是小的，社交的圈子是小的，有的人就越来越不满这缺乏变化的单调。有的人却总是怡然自得，随遇而安。世界浩渺，一个人只能居于一角。比海洋大的是天空，比天空大的是心灵，因为这小小的心灵内居住着一只时起时落的想象鸟。
大碗饮茶解渴，却说不上这茶是怎样的好。
一心想的到的东西终于得到了，失去了却很多很多，而失去的原来比得到的还要好。 物化了的生命硬如岩石，而那些看似无价值的却永葆这神韵和空灵。 人生旅途上，有人背负着名利急急奔走，有人回归自然，飘逸而行。
Life: Take It Easy
To go on a journey is often full of hardships, but so long as one lives he proceeds on his life’s journey.Different people go along differently.Some take hasty steps in anxiety.Obseed with reaching the next goal in time, they spare no time for sightseeing along the way, nor do they have a clear view of where their long roads end.Others travel leisurely like tourists.They would take time off now and then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals.They would stop to admire clouds gathering and dispersing.Even when they go against the wind or are caught in the rain, they never get annoyed, for worries slip off their minds as from an open net.Everyone goes his way in life.What makes a difference is: Does he have a pleasant trip enjoying the landscape along the way? Cramped is one’s workplace, narrow is one’s residence and small is the social circle one moves about—such limitedne entails lack of variety which is the source of some people’s complain.But others are always contented and happy for they can adapt themselves to different circumstances.Compared with the vastne of the universe it is only a tiny spot one occupies on earth.However, though larger than the ocean is the sky, even larger is the human mind, for in it imagination can come and go on the wing without limitation.To drink at a gulp is a quick way to quench thirst, but it gives no taste of the high grade tea.One may eventually win what he has set his mind to, only to find that he has lost quite a lot.Perhaps what he loses is even better than what he gains.Life, when petrified by material desires, is as callous as stone, while those seemingly worthle things always remain fresh and full of spirit.In their journey through life, some people hurry on with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain, while others go with an easy grace, enjoying themselves in harmony with nature.
