Unit 1 1.We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endle reports of disaster: There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have subsequently in some ways improved.我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中：在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会迸发出来。对那些令人极度恐慌的经历做出积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人实际上，大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都说他们的生活从此在某些方面有了改善。 2.It turns out that some of the people who have suffered the most, who have been forced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and to rethink the meaning of their lives, may have the most to tell us about that profound and intensely fulfilling journey ‖ that philosophers used to call the search for “the good life”.有证明显示，那些遭受最多痛苦的人，那些被迫和他们从未预料到的震撼作斗争，并且思考自己生命意义的人，也许能就深奥而极具成就感的经历给予我们最多的意见。哲学家们过去把这一探寻称之为“美好的生活”。
3.In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away. 在那个时刻，我们的安全感被冲破了(洞穿），平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。 4.Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully coming to terms with a new reality, usually takes conscious effort.（TS）Being willing and able to take on this proce is one of the major differences between those who grow through adversity and those who are destroyed by it.The people who find value in adversity aren’t the toughest or the most rational.What makes them different is that they are able to incorporate what happened into the story of their own life.尽管如此，要实际实现这些转变并完全接受新的现实，通常需要有意识地付出努力。是否愿意并有能力承担这个过程，就是那些在灾难中成长和那些被灾难所摧毁的人之间主要的区别之一。认为灾难有价值的人并不是最坚强或最理性的人。使他们与众不同的是他们能够将所遭遇的事融入他们自己的人生历程中。 Unit 2 Never before have decisions about sports and the social relationships connected with sports been so clearly influenced by economic factors.(Para.1) 有关体育的决策以及与体育相关的社会关系也同样从未如此显然地受到商业因素的影响。
The bottom line has replaced the goal line for many people, and sports no longer exist simply for the interests of the athletes themselves.(Para.1) 对许多人来说，账本底线已取代了球门线，体育不再只是为了运动员们自身的兴趣而存在。
Although spectators often have a variety of motives underlying their attachment to sports, their interest in any sporting event is usually related to a combination of three factors.(Para.2) 尽管观众对于体育的拥护背后潜藏着多种动机，但他们对体育比赛的兴趣通常与三种相结合的因素有关。
Without this technical knowledge, people are easily impreed by things extrinsic to the game or match itself; they get taken in by hype.(Para.4) 由于缺乏这些技术性知识，人们容易受到运动或赛事之外的东西的影响，容易受到天花乱坠的宣传的迷惑。
They like athletes who project exciting or controversial personas, and they often rate performances in terms of dramatic expreion leading to dramatic results.(Para.5) 他们喜欢那些表现得激动人心或有争议性的运动员。他们往往根据戏剧化的表现是否导致戏剧化的结果来评价比赛。 As the need to please naïve audiences becomes greater, so does the emphasis on heroic orientation.(Para.7) 取悦无知观众的需求越强烈，就越会强调英雄主义取向。
7.Therefore athletes in many commercial sports find themselves cut out of decision-making procees even when 1 decisions affect their health and well-being.(Para.7) 因此，许多商业体育中的运动员发现自己被逐出了决策过程，即便这些决策影响到他们的健康和幸福。 Unit 4 Thanks to the ubiquity of text on the Internet, not to mention the popularity of text-meaging on cell phones, we may well be reading more today than we did in the 1970s or 1980s, when television was our medium of choice.(Para.6) 多亏铺天盖地的网络文本，更别说当下时兴的手机短信，可供我们阅读的东西很可能比上世纪七八十年代要多了，那时，我们选择的媒体还是电视。 Unit 5 1.John Bodman was a man who was always at one extreme or the other.This probably would have mattered little had he not married a wife whose nature was an exact duplicate of his own.( Para.1) 约翰.伯德曼是一个常常走极端的人。这本应该没有什么,但可惜, 他妻子的性格整个是他的翻版。
2.Doubtle there exists in this world precisely the right woman for any given man to marry and vice versa.(Para.2) 毋庸置疑, 对于任何一个男人,这世界上总会有一个相当适合的女人能和他成家,反之亦然。
3.Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of uncompromising nature there is bound to be trouble.(Para.2) 婚姻充其量不过是一种妥协, 而如果恰好两个个性上互不妥协的人结合了, 那就肯定会有麻烦。.4.In the lives of these two young people there was no middle distance.( Para.3) 对于这样两个年轻人来说, 生活没有什么中间点。
5.In some parts of the world, incompatibility of temper is considered a just cause for obtaining a divorce, but in England no such subtle distinction is made, and so until the wife became a criminal, or the man became both criminal and cruel, these two were linked together by a bond that only death could sever.(Para.4) 在这世界上的某些地方,夫妻性情不合就能成为离婚的正当理由, 但是在英格兰并没有如此微妙的区分,所以除非妻子犯罪,或丈夫犯罪并且为人残暴,否则两者的婚姻关系一直维系下去,直至死神将他们分开.6.When a man\'s mind dwells too much on one subject, no one can tell just how far he will go.一个人的心思要是太专注于一件事,没有人敢说他最后会做出什么来。
7.And in the neighborhood were many picturesque walks to points more or le dangerous.(Para.7) 附近小道遍布,沿路风景如画,但通往的地点多少有点危险.8.John Bodman had planned his crime as grimly and relentlely, and as coolly, as he had ever concocted a deal on the stock exchange.(Para.11) 约翰.伯德曼冷酷,无情,沉着地谋划着他的罪行,一如他在证券交易所策划交易.9.She repeated these words under her breath as they walked the few remaining steps to the Outlook.(Para.27) 她低声反复嘀咕着这几句话, 两人走完剩下的几步来到了“悬望角”。 Unit 6 1.United，there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.(para.6) 如果我们团结一致，就能在许多合作事业中无往不胜；
2.--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(Para.6) 因为我们不敢在争吵不休、四分五裂时迎接强大的挑战。
3.---and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.(Para.7) 而且要记住，在历史上，凡愚蠢地狐假虎威者，终必葬身虎口。
4.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of the hostile power.(Para.9) 2 但是，这种充满希望的和平革命决不可以成为敌对国家的牺牲品。
5.---to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective---to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak--- and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.(Para.10) 防止它仅仅成为谩骂的场所；加强它对新生国家和弱小国家的保护；扩大它的行使法令的管束范围。 6.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.(Para.17) 让双方寻求利用科学的神奇力量，而不是激发科学的恐怖因素。 7.“rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation” (Para.22)
---忍受困苦，向往未来
8．Only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.(Para.24）
只有少数几代人在自由处于最危急的时刻被赋予保卫自由的责任。
9．„, ask of us the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.(Para.27) „请用我们所要求于你们的力量和牺牲的高标准来要求我们。
10．Let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His bleing„knowing that here on earth God’s work must truly be our own.(Para.27) 我们祈求上帝的福佑和帮助，但我们知道，上帝在尘世的工作必定是我们自己的工作。 Unit 8 1.It is an outburst of wild defiant sorrow, and of contempt for all the adversities of the world.(Para.1) 这声号叫爆发出一种充满野性和反抗的哀愁，爆发出对世界上一切逆境的蔑视。
2.Every living thing (and perhaps many a dead one as well) pays heed to that call.(Para.2) 大山中所有的生物（可能也包括许多死去的生物）都侧耳倾听这声号叫。
3．Those unable to decipher the hidden meaning know neverthele that it is there, for it is felt in all wolf country, and distinguishes that country from all other land.(Para.3) 而那些无法领会其中深意的，也能感觉到它的存在，而且在所有的狼出没的地方都能感受得到。这种异样的感觉也使那些地区与其他地区区别开来。
4.We saw what we thought was a doe fording the torrent, her breast awash in white water.(Para.4) 我们看到了一个东西在急流中挣扎跋涉，胸部浸在白色的水花中。
5.In the end the starved bones of the hoped-for deer herd, dead of its own too-much, bleach with the bones of the dead sage, or molder under the high-lined junipers.(Para.7) 最后，鹿群由于数量过于庞大，再加上草木供不应求，便大批量地饿死了。它们的白骨与鼠尾草一起变白，或是在高大的杜松树下腐朽。
6.And perhaps with better cause, for while a buck pulled down by wolves can be replaced in two or three years, a range pulled by too many deer may fail of replacement in as many decades.(Para.8) 也许这种恐怖有着更充分的理由。因为一只鹿被狼吃掉，两三年后很快就会有新的小鹿出生繁衍，但是， 一旦一座大山被鹿群毁灭，恐怕几十年也无法恢复原貌。
7.A measure of succe in this is all well enough, and perhaps is a requisite to objective thinking, but too much safety seems to yield only danger in the long run.(Para.10) 在这些方面取得某种程度的成功是件好事，客观地说也是必要的。但是从长远来看，太多的安全似乎只能适得其反。 Unit 9 1.Ma media both overwhelm us with information, and help us to sort it out ( Para.3) 大众传媒不仅用铺天盖地的信息将我们淹没，也帮助我们对这些信息分类。
2.Ma media seek a broad audience for a typically narrow ( and often biased) meage that’s typically embedded in entertainment or useful information /opinion.(Para.4) 大众传媒为典型的受众面非常狭小的（通常还带有偏见）讯息寻求广泛的受众群体， 这类讯息通常嵌于娱乐或有用的信息/观 3 点中。
3.The ma media have a “ slow news day” problem.(para.5) 大众传媒总会遇到这样一个问题--- 某天没有任何值得报道的新闻。
4.A free-speech society can thus tolerate instances of false information, stupidity, and vulgarity---auming them to be a temporary irritant.（para.7) 因此一个言论自由的社会能够容忍虚假信息，愚蠢和庸俗----假设这些东西仅会扰人一时，不会长久。 5.In a stimulating competitive environment, a media program must score quickly (para.9) 在竞争激烈的环境下，一个媒体策划必须具备快速得分的能力。
6.Our basic biological challenge is to survive and get into the gene pool„( para.10) 我们生理上的基本挑战是生存和繁衍后代„
7.Similarly, other forms of ma media, from churches to sporting events, explicitly or implicitly include these attention-getters in their programming.(para.12) 同样，其他形式的大众媒体，不管是教会还是体育赛事，均明里暗里地包含了这些吸引眼球的东西。 8.Osama Bin Laden had previously been a peripheral media figure.(para.13) 在此之前，媒体对本.拉登鲜有报道。
9.The several thousands of victims had been invisible office workers, until many newspapers published a series of anecdotal obituaries about them.(para.13) 在许多报纸发布一系列带点轶事风格的讣告之前，那几千名受害者都是些默默无名的上班族， 不为我们所知。 10.Police and firefighters acro the country were suddenly elevated in esteem.(para.13) 全国的警察和消防队员突然之间受到了前所未有的赞誉。
11.A nation already beset by a financial downturn had to become emotionally aroused to respond.(para.13) 一个深受金融危机困扰的国家必须将民众的情感调动起来以应对危机。
12.Given such manipulating potential over our affective proce, it’s important to know who determines the content of the ma media.鉴于媒体具有操控我们的情感过程的潜力，知晓谁在决定大众传媒的内容非常重要。
13.Sunday morning political TV shows are characterized more by argument than agreement.(Para.14) 周日上午的政治电视节目的特点是争论多于统一。
14.Magazines and radio stations are perhaps the most succeful narrowly defined ma media formats--- typically being upfront about seeking an audience who shares their narrow perspective.(para.15) 在狭义的大众传媒形式中，杂志和广播电台或许是最成功的---其典型做法是直接的迎合那些与其志趣相投的大众。
15.We are simultaneously experiencing the centralization of influence in corporate ma media and the rapid expansion of populist ma media.(Para 17) 我们一方面在见证传媒业日趋集中的势头，而另一方面又在经历着大众传媒向平民化方向迅猛发展的大潮。
