说明文
说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构
严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空中较难理解的一种文体。说明文一般有三类：
一是实体事例说明文。包括说明书、广告、解说词、人物介绍、知识小品、知识注解等(实体事物是指国家、城市、人物、山水、树木、花草、虫鱼、鸟兽、建筑、文化古迹、科技成果及各种工农业产品)；
二是事理说明文。包括理论性解释、文书简介、教材等(事理
是指观点、立场、名词概念、学术流派等)；
三是文艺性说明文。即把说明对象拟人化，进而编成故事，对
其进行介绍。具体特点为：
说明文往往较直白，写作脉络清晰，又没有很多感情因素的掺
入，所以就不会有过多的情感词汇，自然不会有钻不出的“迷宫”。据此特点，我们便可以跟着“作者”走，理清整篇文章的思路，从而顺利答题。
[2010·安徽改编]
Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very few things are handwritten.All too often, people buy a pen based only on and wonder why they are not satisfied once they begin to use it.However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not thickne of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen.If you have a 均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper.This will make it poible for you to leave drops of inks, as you pick up and put it down again.， the pen should make a thick，for example, a signature on a printed letter.A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impreion of confidence and authority(权威)．
()1.A.looksB．reasonsC．valuesD．advantages
()2.A.convenientB．practicalC．strangeD．difficult
()3.A.heavyB．easyC．hardD．safe
()4.A.talkingB．findingC．determiningD．seeking
()5.A.preferB．recommendC．prepareD．demand
()6.A.thickB．lightC．longD．soft
()7.A.changeB．allowC．reduceD．pre
()8.A.thinB．roughC．blackD．smooth
()9.A.wayB．sightC．flowD．steam
()10.A.MeanwhileB．GenerallyC．AfterwardsD．Finally
()11.A.show upB．differ fromC．break downD．compensate for
()12.A.attentionB．supportC．respectD．admiion
训练题
Dear teachers and students, today I have important news to announce that our school will hold a Thanksgiving quiz competition this month.
Nearly 400 years ago, our forefathers explored this land and lived on it after ， life gets better and better.It’forefathers’ tradition and bring you before the Thanksgiving holiday, our school will hold this competition.
This year the competition is based on an advanced way—the online quiz, which that the competition can be held within flexible time, with more contestants and more pleasure, but le preure.Next, please allow me to give you some detaileddo the quiz on our school’s Website anytime from November 23rd to 30th.This It’aspects.You’ll be tested on Thanksgiving’s history, custom, etc.Besides, every contestant will get the randomized(随机的) questions to avoid cheating.
Finally, this is a competition with cool prizes for top 50 winners.As for the score, ’s a selfgrading quiz, you can see your score once you finish the testing.The more amazing point is that the results can be ranked by the， isn’t it? The exact name list of the winners will bedeclared on the website soon after the competition.
Dear students, welcome to the competition based on the online Thanksgiving quiz.Wish you good luck!
()1.A.ambitionsB．effortsC．preparationsD．congratulations
()2.A.abuseB．destroyC．discriminateD．forget
()3.A.pleasureB．knowledgeC．promotionD．hope
()4.A.demandsB．indicatesC．meansD．agrees
()5.A.analysisB．instructionC．suggestionD．regulation
()6.A.ThoughB．WhenC．AfterD．Because
()7.A.allowsB．advisesC．promisesD．requires
()8.A.disorderB．differenceC．dilemmaD．distribution
()9.A.useB．checkC．enrichD．prove
()10.A.suddenlyB．graduallyC．quicklyD．immediately
()11.A.picked upB．figured outC．brought upD．depended on
()12.A.beneficialB．effectiveC．efficientD．interesting
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了感恩节测试竞赛的举办原因、举办方式(网上竞赛模式)及竞赛结果的胜者确定等。
1．B 根据上一句中的“experiencing unimaginable hardships”可判断此处指先辈们的努力使我们的生活越来越好。故选B。
2．D 根据上文“our school will hold a Thanksgiving quiz competition this month”可知，我们举行感恩节测试竞赛就是为了纪念感恩节，即没有忘记感恩节。由此判断选D。
3．A 根据下文“the competition can be held within flexible time, with more contestants and more pleasure”的提示可判断选A。
4．C 由语境可知，“which that the competition can be held within flexible time, with more contestants and more pleasure, but le preure”是对“the online quiz”的解释，故用means(意思是)。
5．B 根据下文是对此次感恩节测试竞赛的各事项的解释说明，故选B。
6．D 根据前后的因果关系可判断选D。
7．A 网上测试系统准许成百的你们参与比赛，只要你们有时间。由此判断选A。
8．C 传统的比赛方式给师生造成了想参加比赛又怕影响学习的这种进退两难的选择，而网上竞赛方式避免了这种窘境，故选C。
9．B 比赛自然是从各方面检测学生对感恩节的了解，故选B。
10．D 由“you can see your score once you finish the testing”可推断你可以立刻知道成绩。故选D。
11．A 由“this is a competition with cool prizes for top 50 winners”和“the results can be ranked by the scores”可推断此处指根据成绩选出50名胜利者，故选A。
12．C 根据“you can see your score once you finish the testing.The more amazing point is that the results can be ranked by the scores and top 50 winners can be”可推断网上竞赛的效率之高，由此判断选C。
