Biology: 1.OG06—the Swimming Machine Tuna; sailfish; marlin; mackerel—super fish (coitus and sleep in water) a.super body—streamline; few scales—smooth; eyes level with grooved body; sharp fins and needles; special scales—finlet小鳍; corselet胸鳍（help reduce resistance）; must swim constantly—mostly lack of gas-filled sac and bladder, so open mouth all the time b.high-narrow tail—super propulsion; sensitive to eddies and twirls in sea—make use of them to add propulsive force c.special temperature maintaining muscles (25C in 7C water); keep brains and eyes warm; billfish—modified muscles
2.Online test 01—Opportunists and Competitors Introduction—the principle of energy allocation followed by organisms decides that the major difference that categorizes organisms is how they allocate energy between to growth and to reproduction.a.Almost all energy used to reproduction—opportunists; that to growth of a huge body—competitors b.Opportunists—dandelions disperse a huge number of seeds constantly and can survive in human habitats but has no strong stems and died easily under the influence of disasters or competitors—the population varied hugely along the time c.Competitors—oak trees have longevity (200years averagely) and strong competitive power against draughts, pests and fire even; leaves have foul-tasted tannins that pests hate; population is stable.
Conclusion: few plants are extremely opportunistic or competitive but blenders of both features
3.TPO04 paage01—Deer Population of Puget Sound Washington, Pacific Northwest of United States—2 dominant deer species: 1.black-tailed mule-like deer in east Washington (lowland)；2.white-tailed Columbian deer (prairie and flood) a． black-tailed: forest understory plants—herbal; berry; dogwood水木; in harsh season—migrate to lowland area—bushes and arboreal plants木本植物 (cedar leaves and red alders红恺木) b． 1800-1832, deer population was reduced remarkably by the gaming of human colonizers, European explorers and by the hunting aiming at protecting farm plants c． Further population decrease—urban development caused the disappearance of habitats d． Population rebound (1940 witneed the presence of 320,000 mule and black-tailed deer with annual increase of 65,000 deer) should give thanks to other human actions: removal of predators like wolves and limiting time for hunting, and, logging the forest where bushes, the food of deer, have been much more nutrient than before
4.TPO05 paage01—Minerals and Plants Minerals in soil restrict what plants can grow in a specific area.
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19. TPO06 paage03—Children Amnesia TPO09 paage 03—the Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii OG Test02 paage 01—Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores TPO 11 paage 02— Orientation and Navigation TPO11 paage03 –Begging by Nestlings TPO13 paage02—Biological Clocks TPO15 paage01—A warm-blooded Turtle TPO17 paage02—Animal Signals in the Rainforests TPO17 paage 03—Symbiotic Relationships TPO18 paage02—the Mystery of Yawning TPO24 paage02—Breathing During Sleep
TPO25 paage03—the Evolutionary Origin of Plants TPO26 paage02—Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert
TPO28 paage03--Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes TPO29 paage01— Competition
20.TPO30 paage01—Role of Play in Development
21.TPO30 paage02—the Pace of Evolutionary Changes
Arts: 1.OG01—Applied Arts and Fine Arts Main Ideas: 1.Paragraph 01: Applied arts have to be made following particular patterns/norms in accordance with physical laws and basically are of three functions, namely, to contain, to support and to shelter.For example, a gla bottle, a fiber-woven vase or a clay jar needs to have a bottom to contain stuff.
2.Paragraph 02: The production of fine arts is often aumed to follow the rules, too.However, fine arts are not purposed to function so they are more subject to artists’ conceptions.During Renaiance, bronze sculpture/statue of a horse with a leg suspended needed a cannonball under the leg, but later iron one needed no cannonball.It shows that fine art objects in terms of stability also need to follow physical laws but can be made in wider range of patterns provided proper internal structure and properties of materials.
3.Paragraph 03: It is not an exaggeration, in conclusion, that fine artists work to overcome the limitations of materials while those of applied arts work in concert with materials.
Important Vocabulary and Phrases applied 应用的
pattern形式norm规则 contain容纳/装（东西）；shelter遮蔽/挡（光；雨水）；棚子 fiber纤维woven（weave的被动语态和过去分词形式）编织 clay粘土/陶制的vase花瓶jar罐子；
in accordance with= in concern with和…保持一致/符合…
be aumed to被以为…(被当成…,事实可能与其相反往往会用这种语气) renaiance文艺复兴（背景词，备考几率高：指欧洲14,15,16世纪，当时人们用古希腊罗马帝国的文化理念来改进当时的文学艺术—反对宗教压抑人性，资产阶级思想解放的开端） bronze青铜cannonball空心球、炮弹
2.Online test 02—Lascaux Cave Paintings
3.TPO04 paage 02—Cave Art in Europe
4.OG test02 paage 02—Loie Fuller (the artist) 5. 6. 7. 8.TPO 10 page 01—Chinese Pottery TPO11 paage 01—Ancient Egyptian Sculptures TPO23 paage03—Rock Art of Australia Aborigines TPO29 paage01— Characteristics of Roman Potteries
