The Olympic Games Part 1 The origin of ancient Olympic Games
There are many myths surrounding the origin of the ancient Olympic Games, the most popular of which identifies Heracles and his father Zeus as the creator of the Olympic Games.According to the legend, Zeus held games in honor of his defeat of Cronus, and his succeion to the king of heaven.Heracles, being his eldest son, defeated his brothers in a running race and was crowned with a wreath of wild olive branches.It is Heracles who is believed to have first called the games Olympic, and established the custom of holding them every 4 years.The legend diverges at this point.One popular story says that Heracles went on to build the Olympic stadium and surrounding buildings as an honor to Zeus, after completing his 12 labors.After he built the stadium he walked in a straight line for 400 strides and called this distance a "stadion" (Greek: στάδιον, Latin: stadium, "stage") that later also became a unit of distance.This is also why a modern stadium track is 400 meters in circumference — the distance a runner travels in one lap (1 stadium = 400 m).Another myth aociates the first Games with the ancient Greek concept of ἐκεχειρία (ekecheiria), Olympic truce.The date of the Games' creation was based on a four year cycle.The most widely held estimate for the inception of the Ancient Olympics is 776 BC[.From then on, the Olympic Games quickly became much more important throughout ancient Greece, reaching their zenith in the 6th and 5th centuries BC.The Olympics were of fundamental religious importance, contests alternating with sacrifices and ceremonies honouring both Zeus (whose coloal statue stood at Olympia), and Pelops, divine hero and mythical king of Olympia, who was famous for his legendary chariot races with King Oenomaus of Pisatis.The number of events increased to twenty, and the celebration was spread over several days.Winners of the events were greatly admired and were immortalised in poems and statues.The Games were held every four years, and the period between two celebrations became known as an Olympiad.The Greeks used Olympiads as one of their units of time measurement.The most famous Ancient Olympic athlete lived during the sixth century BC: the wrestler Milo of Croton is the only athlete in history to win a victory in six Olympics.The Games gradually declined in importance as the Romans gained power in Greece.After Emperor Theodosius I proclaimed Christianity the religion of the Empire in AD 393 and banned pagan rites, the Olympic Games were outlawed as a pagan festival. The Olympics were not seen again until their rebirth 1,500 years later.In antiquity normally only young men could participate.The sportsmen usually competed nude.This was due in part to the weather and also because the festival was meant to be a celebration of the achievements of the human body.Upon winning the event, the victor would have not only the prestige of being in first place but would also be presented with a crown of olive leaves.The olive branch is a sign of hope and peace.While the symbol of the olive branch has carried through from the Ancient Games to the modern reinvention, many other current Olympic symbols are unique to the Modern Olympics.The bearing of a torch, for example, formed an integral part of Greek ceremonies but the Ancient Games did not include a torch-lighting ceremony, nor was there a symbol formed by interconnecting rings.Part 2 The summer Olympic Games of 28 projects 1) Athletics（田径）
100 m, 200 m, 400 m 100米，200米，400米
800 m, 1,500 m, 5,000 m, 10,000 m 800米，1500米，5,000米，10,000米
110 m hurdles, 400 m hurdles 110米栏，400米栏
3,000 m steeplechase 3000米障碍赛
4 x 100 m relay, 4 x 400 m relay 4×100米接力，4×400米接力
Jumping 跳跃 high jump 跳高
pole vault 撑杆跳高
long jump 跳远
triple jump 三级跳远
Throwing 投掷
shot put 推铅球
discus 掷铁饼
hammer 掷链球
javelin 标枪
Decathlon 男子十项全能
Heptathlon 女子七项全能
Road events 公路赛
marathon 马拉松
walk 竞走
2)Swimming(游泳) butterfly 蝶泳,
Synchronised swimming 花样游泳 , Water polo 水球 ,
Diving 跳水
3) Gymnastics（体操）
Artistic Gymnastics 竞技体操
Floor Exercises 自由体操
Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操
Gymnastics Trampoline 蹦床 Pommel Horse 鞍马
Rings 吊环
Vault 跳马
Parallel Bars 双杠
Horizontal Bar 单杠
Uneven Bars 高低杠 Balance Beam平衡木
） Weightlifting（举重） Snatch 抓举
Clean and jerk 挺举
5）Archery（射箭）
Individual events 个人赛
Team events 团体赛
6）Shooting（射击）
10 m air rifle 10米气步枪
10 m air pistol 10米气手枪
Men/\'s 10 m running target 男子10米移动靶
Men/\'s 50 m rifle prone position 男子50米步枪卧射
50 m rifle three positions 50米步枪3种姿势
Men/\'s 50 m pistol 男子50米手枪
Women/\'s 25 m pistol 女子25米手枪
Men/\'s 25 m rapid fire pistol 男子25米手枪速射
Trap 多向飞碟
Double trap 双多向飞碟
Skeet 双向飞碟
7）Rowing（赛艇）
8）Canoeing（皮划艇）
9）Sailing（帆船）
Windsurfer men / womenEurope 女子帆船欧洲级
Single-handed Dinghy menLaser 激光级
Double-handed Dinghy men / women49er 49人级
Multihull openStar 男子星光级
Keelboat womenMunich 1972 "Waldi", the first official mascot to appear for the 1972 Munich Games, was a Dachshund.He was modelled after Cherie von Birkenhof, a longhaired breed of the species.Waldi was the first official Olympic mascot.Waldi's head and tail are light blue, and his body has vertical stripes with at least three of the five Olympic colours.Waldi was produced in various forms and sizes: plush, plastic, stickers, posters and buttonsMontreal 1976
"Amik" the beaver was chosen as the official mascot for the Summer Olympic Games of Montreal, 1976.
"Amik" in Indian language means beaver.The beaver has always been aociated with hard work.
阿米克，1976年蒙特利尔奥运会官方吉祥物。这只海狸通常被看作是勤劳的标志。 MishaLos Angeles 1984
The eagle "Sam" became the mascot of the Los Angeles Games.He was chosen because the imposing bald eagle is the national symbol of the United States.Robert Moore and his aociates from Walt Disney Productions selected the eagle, and "Sam’s" design was targeted to appeal to children.
山姆，1984年洛杉矶奥运会吉祥物。作为美国的国家象这只雄鹰理所当然的获此殊荣。迪士尼公司的罗伯特·莫尔创造了山姆，为的是激发孩子们的兴趣。 HodoriBarcelona 1992
The Spaniards did not immediately take to "Cobi", the surreal dog from the Summer Olympic Games of Barcelona, who was designed by local cartoonist Javier Mariscal.
"Cobi’s" popularity slowly grew and by the end of the Games he was loved universally by the Spanish and the rest of the world.
"Cobi" was supported by a group of mascots during the Barcelona Games.The whole mascot crew was featured as part of a popular Spanish TV show.
科比，1992年巴塞罗那奥运会吉祥物，由西班牙漫画家扎维尔·玛瑞斯克设计。一开始并未被普遍接受，但随着奥运会的进程，科比开始流行起来，受到了西班牙人和全世界的喜爱。西班牙的电视台甚至制作了一套以奥运吉祥物为主角的电视剧集。 IzzySydney 2000
Ollie", a Kookaburra, "Syd", a Platypus; and "Millie", an Echidna, are three native animals chosen as mascots for the Sydney 2000 Games.These Australian animals represent the earth, air and water.
"Ollie": epitomises the Olympic spirit of generosity and universal generosity (from Olympic).
"Syd": represents the environment and captures the vigour and energy of Australia and its people (from Sydney).
"Millie": is a techno-whiz and information guru, with all the facts and figures at her fingertips (from Millennium).
The Organising Committee received hundreds of submiions from artists, children and others from around the world.Matthew Hatton’s design was chosen to represent the Olympic mascots for the forthcoming millennium.
澳利、悉德、米利，2000年悉尼奥运会吉祥物。它们是三个澳洲本土动物，分别代表土地、空气和水。澳利代表了奥林匹克的博大精深；悉德表现了澳洲和澳洲人民的精神与活力；米利代表千禧年。奥组委当年曾收到来自全世界的数以万计的设计方案，最终选定了马修·哈顿的设计。 Phevos and AthenaBeijing 2008
Like the Five Olympic Rings from which they draw their color and inspiration, the Five Friendlies will serve as the Official Mascots of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, carrying a meage of friendship and peace--and bleings from China--to children all over the world.
Designed to expre the playful qualities of five little children who form an intimate circle of friends, the Five Friendlies also embody the natural characteristics of four of China’s most popular animals--the Fish, the Panda, the Tibetan Antelope, the Swallow--and the Olympic Flame.
Each of the Friendlies has a rhyming two-syllable name--a traditional way of expreing affection for children in China.Beibei is the Fish, Jingjing is the Panda, Huanhuan is the Olympic Flame, Yingying is the Tibetan Antelope and Nini is the Swallow.
When you put their names together--Bei Jing Huan Ying Ni--they say "Welcome to Beijing," offering a warm invitation that reflects the miion of the Five Friendlies as young ambaadors for the Olympic Games.
最后来说一下2008年北京奥运会吉祥物“福娃”。这次奥运会的吉祥物形象是有史以来最多的，共有5个福娃，它们分别以“鱼、熊猫、奥运圣火、藏羚羊、京燕”为创意，被亲切地叫做“贝贝、晶晶、欢欢、迎迎，妮妮”。这组形象可爱、活泼的吉祥物，以“北京欢迎你”的谐音命名，将北京的祝福、中国的祝福带给世界。 Q1,In the myths, who create the Olympic Games? Q2 ,How many projects in Olympic Games and What is your favorite sport in the Olympic Games?
Q3, What favorite Olympic mascot do you prefer?
