题一：乒乓球
乒乓球在中国是一项颇受欢迎和推崇的运动。长期以来，它的确是中国唯一的运动，似乎集足球、篮球和棒球于一身，但却更受欢迎。任何人都可以打乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一个球、一张桌子和一张网而已，这些都易于临时拼凑(improvise)。人们可以在休息间隙或消磨时间时打兵兵球。在中国的学校、工厂甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。
参考答案：
Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in China.For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China and seemed to set football,basketball and baseball all rolled into one, but it was more popular.Anyone can play table tennis, for all required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which are easy to be improvised.People can play it when taking a break or killing time.You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories or even some companies all over China。
题二：
中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。
参考答案：
China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as ‚Eight Major Cuisines‛.Dishes in the ‚Eight Major Cuisines‛ in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points。
题三：
中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设(infrastructure construction)，包括水源等能源的供应将会成为城市发展的焦点问题。商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。
参考答案：
China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand.Some economists point out that urbanization is a proce that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country.It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities.The construction of housing and city infrastructure, in?cluding water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban develop?ment as more people migrate to cities.Urbanization means better acce to educational and medical resources in the city.But it also predicts le use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation.The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society.Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers。
题四：书法
书法(calligraphy)在中国的传统艺术领域占有非常重要的位置。书法已经历时2000多年了。它有五种主要的书写方式，每种都有不同的书写技法。练习书法需要文房四宝(FourTreasures of the Study)。书法被认为是一种需要内心平静的艺术形式。今天，尽管出现了各种各样的现代书写方式，但人们仍然经常将书法作为一种业余爱好进行练习。如今，书法在西方也越来越受欢迎。
参考翻译: In China,calligraphy occupies a very important position in the field of traditional art.Calligraphyhas a history lasting for more than 2,000years.There are five main ways of writing and eachneeds different techniques.To practice calligraphy requires the Four Treasures of the Study.Calligraphy is considered to be an art form requiring inner peace.Today,although various modern ways of writing have come up,calligraphy is still practiced often as a hobby.Nowadays,it has also become more and more popular among westerners.
题五：相声
相声(cro talk)是一种中国曲艺(Quyi)表演艺术，它起源于华北地区的民间说唱曲艺，在明朝即已盛行。大多数的相声来自于我们的日常生活。还有一些改编自民间笑话、历史人物、事件和文字游戏。最著名的相声表演艺术家有马三立、侯宝林、马季、姜昆等。相声在一代又一代表演者的努力下，一直是深受知识分子和平民喜爱的国民艺术。
参考翻译:
Cro talk is one of Chinese Quyi performing arts.It originated from the folk vocal art and has enjoyed a popularity since the Ming Dynasty.Most of the cro talks come from our daily life.There are also some adapted from folk jokes,historical figures,events and word games.The best-known performers are Ma Sanli,Hou Baolin,Ma Ji,Jiang Kun,etc.Cro talk has been a national art popular among both highbrows and lowbrows with the efforts of performers generation after generation.
题六：孙子兵法
《孙子兵法》(The Art of War)是中国古代最重要的军事著作之一，是我国优秀文化传统的重要组成部分。孙子(SunTzu)，即该书作者，在书中揭示的一系列具有普遍意义的军事规律，不仅受到军事家们的推崇，还在经济领域、领导艺术、人生追求甚至家庭关系等方面，具有广泛的指导作用。《孙子兵法》中的许多名言警句，富有哲理、意义深远，在国内外广为流传。
参考翻译:
As one of the most important ancient Chineseclaical military works, The Art of War serves as animportant part of outstanding traditional culturein China.Sun Tzu, the author of the book, revealed aseries of universal military laws which is not only valued by militarists but also playsextensive guiding roles in economy, leadership, the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous quotes from The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and haveprofound meanings, and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.题七：茶文化
中国是一个文化历史悠久的(time-honored )国度，也是一个礼仪(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每当客人来访，都需要泡茶给客人喝。在给客人奉茶之前，你应该问问他们都喜欢喝什么类型的茶，并采用最合适的茶具奉上。奉茶期间，主人需要仔细留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就应该加开水，这样，茶杯就一直都是满的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。
参考翻译:
China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is neceary to make andserve tea to them.Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups.In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests\'cups.Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet
题八：中国杂技
中国杂技(acrobatics)是一门结合了身体力量和技巧的表演艺术。它是最受中国人欢迎的艺术形式之一。杂技在中国已经存在了两千多年。早在战国时期(the Warring States Period)就已经出现了杂技的雏形(embryonic form )。到了汉代，杂技或“百戏”进一步丰富了其内容和种类。古往今来，杂技表演融入了许多不同的表演艺术，例如传统戏剧、舞蹈和武术(martial art)的优点，作为回报，它也为后者提供了灵感。
参考翻译:
The Chinese acrobatics is a performing art which combines physical strength and skills.It is one of the most popular art forms welcomed by the Chinese people.The acrobatic art has existed in China for more than two thousand years.As early as the Warring States Period, there appear edembryonic form of acrobatics.By the time of the Han Dynasty, the acrobatic art or ‚Baixi‛ was further enriched both in contents and varieties.Acrobatic performances through the ages have incorporated strong points of many different performing arts such as traditional operas, danceand martial art, and provided the latter with inspiration in return. 题九：京剧
京剧(Peking Opera)已有200多年的历史，是中国的国剧。与其他地方戏相比，京剧享有更高的声誉，但其实京剧融合了多种地方戏的元素。京剧演员的脸谱(facial makeup)和戏服都很精美，相形之下布景则显得十分简单。京剧表演者主要应用四种技能：唱、念、做、打。在古代，京剧大多是在户外演出的，因此演员们形成了一种极具穿透力的唱腔，以便每个人都能听到。
参考翻译:
Peking Opera, as the national opera of China, has a history of more than 200 years.Compared with other Chinese local operas, Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation; but actually it absorbs many elements of other local operas.The facial makeups and costumes of the performers are usually very delicate;by contrast, the backdrops are quite plain.During the performance, the performers mainly utilize four skills: singing, speaking, acting and acrobatic fighting.In ancient times, Peking Opera was mostly performed in the open air, so the performers developed a piercing style of singing that could be heard by everyone.题十：
据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国约有百万在线零售商以及其竞争力的价格销售商品的机会，仅在11月11日，中国消费者就在国内最大的购物平台买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日，因此，快递能在中国扩展就不足为奇了。 参考答案：
It is reported that this year China\'scourier service will be delivered about 12 billion packages.This will make China might overtake the United States as the world\'s largest expre delivery market.Most of the parcels are full of items of order online.There are not only about millions of online retailers in China,but also they have opportunities of competitive price to sell goods.Only on the November 11, Chinese consumers in the largest shopping platform buy the goods worth of $9 billion.China has so many special shopping days,so it\'s no wonder that courier service can be expanded in China.
题十一：
在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食;而华北大部分地区由于过于寒冷或过于干燥无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。
参考答案：
In the eyes of the western, the basic food closest to China is rice.Rice has long occupied so significant a position in the diet of Chinese that there is a proverb ‚ Even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice‛.Rice is grown mostly in southern China where people usually take rice as their staple food, while it cannot be planted in northern China where the climate is either too cold or too dry for rice to grow.As a result, the main crop in the north is wheat.In China, flour is sometimes the main ingredient for bread but more often used to make buns and noodles。
题十二：
云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一，那里的生活节奏比大多数中国城市都要缓慢，丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名，当地人中流传着许多关于因爱而生、为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂（paradise）。 参考答案：
The ancient town of Lijiang in Yunnan province is one of the famous tourist destinations.Its living rhythm is slower than that of most other Chinese cities.Lijiang is full of natural beautiful sceneries, where numerous minority nationalities provide rich and varied cultures in order to give tourists a different experience.Historically, Lijiang was also known as ‚ the city of love‛.Plenty of stories about living for love and dying for love have been spread among the natives.Nowadays, the old town equals the paradise of love and romance in the eyes of Chinese and foreign tourists.
题十三：
功夫（Kong Fu） 是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军士训练.它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练.它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素.作为中国的国宝，武术有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式.有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发.
参考答案：
Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,which dates back to the need of self-defense,hunting and military drill in ancient China.It is one of China’s traditional sports，and all people， old and young， would participate in.It has gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture.As a national treasure of China，it has hundreds of styles.Meanwhile，it is also the most practiced art form in the world.Some styles imitate the movements of animals，while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy，myth and legend.
题十三：
在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2，400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。
参考答案：
In Weifang City, Shandong Province, the kite is a cultural symbol of the city as well as a toy for children.Weifang is known as the City of the Kite because it has a long history of two thousand four hundred years in flying the kite.It is said by some people that Motse one of the philosophers in ancient China spent three years in making the first kite in the world, and that the kite he made crashed the first day it flew in the sky.It is also believed by others that Luban the greatest carpenter in ancient China invented the kite, and that his kite made of wood and bamboo flew for three days before it landed on the ground.题十四：
乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。在过去的一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。 参考答案：
Wuzhen, an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.It is a charming place.Many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants dwell there.In the past one thousand years, the water system and the way of life there haven\'t changed much, so it is a museum of ancient civilizations.All rooms in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood.Over hundreds of years, the locals have built houses and markets along the riverbank.Numerous spacious and pretty courtyardshide in those houses, serving as surprises and waiting to be found by the tourists.题十五：
今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛。这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法。它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中国的机会。来自87个国家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从7月6日到8月5日进行的半决赛和决赛。比赛并不是唯一的活动。选手们还有机会参观了中国其他地区的著名景点和历史名胜。 参考答案：
The annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year.The contest proves to be a good way to promote cultural exchanges between China and other parts of the world.It offers the young all over the world an opportunity to know more about China.126 candidates from 87 nations gathered in the capital of Hunan province to attend the semifinal and the final from July 6 to August 5.Besides the contest , the candidates also got a chance to visit famous tourist attractions and historical interests in other parts of China.
题十六：
中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。他们对孩子的(唯一)要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样(竞争)激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上(取得)大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子(创造)更好的条件。 参考答案：
Chinese parents have frequently tended to pay too much attention to their children\'s study, so that children don’t help them do the housework.Their only requirement for their children is to study hard, perform well in the exams, and go to a prestigious university.They believe it is good for their children, because in such a highly competitive society, only good results could ensure a promising future.Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great succe in society.Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies and interests, to create much better conditions for children.
题十七：
中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其实包括到2020年建成一个太空站。目前，中国是世界上最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。 2011年，中国超越日本成为第二大经济体。 参考答案：
China is one of the oldest cultures in the world, from which much that constructs the foundation of the modern world is derived.China is witneing the fastest development of its economy and experiencing a new industrial revolution.Also, China has started the ambitious program for exploring the outer space, including to complete a space station by 2020.Currently, being one of the largest exporters in the world, China is attracting maive foreign investment.Simultaneously, it has invested billions of dollars overseas.In 2011, China surpaed Japan as the world’s second-largest economy.题十八：
为了促进教育公平，中国投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部农村义务教育（compulsory education ）。这些基金用于改善教学设施，购买书籍，使116万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材，现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到本地农村学校就读。 参考答案：
In order to promote the justice in education， China has already invested 36 billion RMB， which is used to enhance the teaching facilities of the countryside and compulsory education of rural area of mid-west.These funds can be used to improve the teaching aids and to purchase books， benefiting 16，000 middle schools and primary schools.Furthermore， these funds can also be used to purchase instrument for music and paintings.Nowadays， children from countryside and mountain areas can enjoy music cla and painting cla like the children in coastal areas do.Some students who were previously transferred to cities for better education now return to local areas to study. 题十九：
中国进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%.该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。
2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。
随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。 参考答案：
China should develop the energy of nuclear more， for nuclear power only accounts for 2% of the gro electrical power output， which makes China the least， the 30th， in the list of countries which own nuclear power.
After the Japan‘s accidents in March 2011， the exploration of nuclear power has been suspended， including halting the examining and approving new nuclear power stations as well as safety inspection of all the nuclear stations in the country.The approval didn’t recover until October， 2012.
With the improvement of technology and safety arrangement， the poibilities of nuclear accidents could be reduced to the minimum degree.That is to say， nuclear power could be developed and utilized without accidents. 题二十：
中国的教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好的学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要培养成阅读的习惯就跟难了。 Chinese education workers have already realized the significance of reading for a nation.Some workers suggested that we should have a national reading day in 2003.They emphasized that people should read good books especially the claical ones.Through reading， people can learn better how to be grateful， responsible and cooperative.The goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities.Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students.Suppose they don\'t nurture the interest of reading at that key moment， it will be harder to develop a habit to read books.题二十一：
越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。
参考答案：
More and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling, which is a new trend recently.The increasing number of young travelers can be attributed to the rapid growth of income and the curiosity to explore the outside world.With more travel, youngsters spend more time in remote areas rather than big cities and famous resorts.Furthermore, some of them would choose backpacking.Recent survey showed that many young people want to experience different culture, enlarge knowledge, and broader their horizon through traveling.题二十二：
大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会有着特殊的意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。 参考答案：
The giant panda is a kind of gentle animal with a black-and-white coat.It has been listed as an endangered animal due to its very limited number.The giant panda is of great significance to WWF (World Wide Fund For Nature).The panda has been its symbol since its establishment in 1961.The giant panda is the rarest animal of the bears, mainly living in the forests in south west of China.Now, there are approximately 1,000 giant pandas.The animal that mainly eats bamboo is facing many threats.Therefore, to ensure its safety is of greater importance than before。
题二十二：
中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的，2010年，中国约有4.2亿网民，而且人数还在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等等。 参考答案：
The Internet Community of China experienced the fastest development.In 2010, there were 420 million netizens and this number is still running upward.The popularization of Internet has brought about huge changes.Generally speaking, different form American netizens who are motivated by real neceities such as sending emails, on-line trading, doing research, travel planning and on-line payment, Chinese netizens use Internet out of the need for social communication.Therefore, they log more generally onto web forums, blogs and chatting rooms.题二十三：
假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。 参考答案：
The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes .According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic neceities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development .Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.
题二十五：
\"你要茶还是咖啡?\"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 参考答案：
\"Would you like tea or coffee?\" Meals are frequently asked questions, many westerners will choose coffee, and the Chinese will choose tea, according to legend, a Chinese emperor discovered tea in five thousand years ago, and used to heal, in the Ming and qing dynasties , tea houses all over the country, tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century and spread to Europe and the United States,but it was not until the 18th century today, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, tea is the treasure of China.Is also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.题二十六：
信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速的发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 参考答案：
Nowadays, with the fast development of Information Technology, Chinese citizens are attaching more and more importance to it.Some schools and universities have even included Information Technology in their required courses, which has led to different opinions.Some people think it is unneceary to make IT courses required, and students are supposed to take traditional courses.Oppositely, other people think it is neceary to do so, for China and its people should keep pace with the times.Either way, it is a good thing that Information Technology has attracted people\'s attention.
