推荐第1篇：雅思听力教案
Unit Two
Form Filling and Table Completion 听力考试中的填空类题型可分为信息表填空、表格填空、句子填空、笔记填空及总结填空这五大类，问答题作为填词类题目也可归入此类题型。信息表是这类填词性题目中比较简单的一种，通常出现在Section 1中。Section 1以对话形式出现，因此场景以咨询类话题为主，考生往往会感觉这部分内容比较简单，容易跟上节奏，所以并不是非常重视。但事实上即便每个答案都能找到，要准确写下所有信息也不是件容易的事，因此必须非常仔细，注意到各个陷阱。
信息表填空这类题目是比较简单的一种，常考的信息有人名、地址、住址、出生年月等内容上比较简单，但这些信息需要雅思听力技巧，即考生必须非常仔细，免得疏忽大意掉进陷阱里.
Section 1的场景多种多样，常见的有租房、图书馆、银行、购物、健身房等，这些场景都非常容易考到个人基本信息的记录。常考到的信息主要有人名、住址、出生年月、电话号码和职业。这些信息的记录需要考生特别细心，以下是考生需要关注的一些内容：
一、人名
如果考题是name，需要写全名，包括姓(family name、last name、surname)和名(first name、given name)。如果姓名是比较简单的如Tom Green，原文不会作拼写;如果姓名比较复杂如Murray Atkins，那么原文会作字母拼写。有些字母如m和n，o和l，i和a(澳大利亚口音中a的发音带[ai]，today的发音类似于to die)，p b d t发音都带[i:]比较容易听不清楚。考生在写完答案后应该根据自己写的内容拼读一遍，看是否符合听到的读音。
二、住址
住址一般由门牌号+路名+路(Road/Street/Drive/Avenue/Boulevard)组成。门牌号一般是两位数字。路名和人名一样，如果复杂就拼写，不复杂直接自己拼写。要注意的是路名可能会出现一些合成词，如Westpark或者West Park，在做题时一般题目中会指明是一个单词还是两个单词，要仔细听清楚文章的指令。另外题目要求也可以帮助区分，如果题目中单词的要求是one word only，那么也必须写成一个单词的形式。
三、出生年月
以对话咨询形式出现的内容年份一般都是19开头的，因此注意后面两位的数字。月份比较容易写错的是January、February和August，因此要特别关注。一二三月份有可能以first、second和third来表示，容易忽略。具体日子要注意序数词1st、2 nd、3rd，11th、12th、13th，21st、22nd、23rd。
四、电话号码
注意区分数字
3、
6、7，考试时很容易听到3写成7或者6。数字中0的表达方式比较多样，一般在电话号码中都根据字母发音为o，也有可能出现zero或者naught。注意区别8和A的发音，一般数字串最前段或最后端会出现字母，数字串中间不会。电话号码和人名拼写都需注意是否出现信息修改。
1.Teaching Objectives
On completion of these two forms, students should be able to: 1.Master some skills on how to preview the questions.2.Learn some skills of names and vocabulary related to subjects.
3. Learn some useful vocabularies on these two conditions.
2.Teaching Difficulties 1.Students may have difficulties on how to focus on the key information when listening to the material. 2.Students may find it hard to transfer the input step to output step.
3.Teaching Steps 1.Give students 30 seconds to take a quick look on the form below and highlight the questions that you are not that familiar with.2.Play the material A once and let the students fill in the form.3.Check out the answers and teach the students the skills of names and expand the student’s vocabulary related to subjects.4.Play the material B once and let the students fill in the form.5.Teach the students to grasp the key information of the material B.
Form A Family name First name Length of English study Examinations paed Score Subjects needing help Biggest problem
Form B Which subject put first Reasons Second Third Fourth Which subject put last Reasons
推荐第2篇：雅思判断题教案
教学目标：通过解题技巧，学会快速正确地解答判断题（YES or NO, TRUE/FALSE的题目）。 教学内容：
1.告诉学生题目样式，例如C712: Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Paage 2? In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, write YES
if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer NO
if the statement contradicts with the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN
if it is impoible to say what the writer thinks about this 21.Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient Rome.22.Feeding increasing populations is poible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.
23.Modern water systems imitate those of the ancient Greeks and Romans.24.Industrial growth is increasing the overall demand for water.
25.Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water consumption.26.In the future, governments should maintain ownership of water infrastructures.
还如C713: Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Paage 3? In boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet, write TRUE
if the statement agrees with the information FALSE
if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN
if there is no information on this
31.In the example of suggestopedic teaching in the fourth paragraph, the only variable that changes is the music.
2.目前的雅思考试中，只有YES or NO or NOT GIVEN或者TRUE or FALSE or NOT GIVEN的题型。
考试时考生需要在答题纸上填写相应的描述词语，注意大小写！拼写错误不得分！ 3.选项含义
YES/TRUE:与原文相一致，原文发生题目必然发生，题目是原文的同义改写或者复制。 NO/FALSE:与原文相矛盾，原文发生题目未发生，或者原文未发生题目发生。 NOT GIVEN:题目所给信息原文未全部提及，原文可能发生也可能未发生。
4.解题原则：不要主观猜测作者观点或态度，一定以原文的信息点为基础。先解答容易定位或者容易判断题目中关系的句子，再缩小解题范围。 5.考点：
1.人物、事件、物体、时间、数字范围 。
2.逻辑关系：A与B的关系，若原文的关系与之完全相同则正确；若原文的关系不一致则错误；若原文提到了A和B，但未表明A与B的关系，则为NOT GIVEN。包括因果、递进、转折、并列、比较、否定、主被动
6.做题技巧：
1.找出题目中的关键词
2.扫读文章，根据题目中的其他关键词，在原文中找到与之对应的一句话或几句话。
3.仔细阅读这一句话或几句话，与题目进行对比。4.一般出题顺序与原文顺序一致。 5.判断原则：
1.题干在用词、结构、含义等方面与原文保持一致，选TRUE/YES。2.题干与原文含义相同，但用词、结构不同，选TRUE。 3.题干是原文的归纳与总结，选TRUE。
4.题干与原文意思截然相反，有明显矛盾，选FALSE/NO。
5.修饰语在数量，频率，可能性等方面差别明显，选FALSE/NO。
6.原文提供了多种可能性而题干仅限制一种，多伴随绝对词，选FALSE/NO。
7.原文为有关某事物的理论或人们对某事物的感觉，题目则强调是客观事实或已被证明。
8.题干的内容原文根本没有提到，答案选NOT GIVEN。
9.原文所说的是不确定的内容，而题干却做出了确定的结论或推理，即从原文得不到题干的结论，答案选NOT GIVEN。
10.原文是以某人的目标、目的、想法、保证、发誓等表示的未发生的事情，而题目表达的是事实。11.原文和题干说的关系不一致。
推荐第3篇：雅思阅读教案 Sara
雅思阅读教案
一、paragraph headings(段落标题)
在阅读文章的前面给出list of headings,一般是5到10个左右选项，其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落，根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个，但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。
段落标题类答题步骤：
1.首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。
2.在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。
3.对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第
一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。
4.如果时间允许，按照文章的段落顺序，对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读，而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后，再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。
5.选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个)，当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。
6.对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配，不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间，而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配，最后所剩即为该难题的答案。
7.要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。
相应练习：剑四 test3 paage2 剑五 test3 paage3 剑六 test2 paage1 剑六 test3 paage2 剑六test4 paage1
二、辨别正误题型(True / false /not given)
该题型还涉及到：(not given / not mentioned)没有提到，有时还会出现下列提法accurat / inaccurat 精确/不精确；supported / contradicted 一致/不一致。 correct / incorrect 正确与不正确。辨别正误题型属于难度较大的题型。通常在阅读测试中的第三或第四部分出现。
在规定的时间内如不能完成某一组题，留出一分钟，用逻辑方法猜测答案做答。这一方法在回答辨别正误(True； false； not given)题型时很有效。逻辑猜题在IELTS测试中是答题的一个很关键的方法。事实上由于时间的限制，很多题是通过此方法求出的。
辨别正误题答题步骤：
1.详细阅读并理解答题指引部分，确定答题方式。
2.确切理解问句的含义，严格按照文章本身意思理解和推断，不要想当然。
3.找出问句中的关键词语。
4.利用关键词语在文章中确定答案位置。
5.仔细查看文章中关键词语所在句子中的含义。必要时应查看关键词语所在句子前后句子的含义。认真区分false和not given，false与原文相反、相冲突；not give则不相冲突，但未提及。
6.可利用语法、词法判断答案所在相关句子的肯定与否定含义。相应练习：剑五 test4 paage1 ；剑六 test2 paage1 ；剑六 test1 paage3 剑五 test3 paage2 剑七 test1 paage2
三、回答问题(short-answer question tasks)
回答问题是根据所给文章或图表回答问题。在IELTS阅读测试中通常是用下列单词提问：.what、which、when、where、who、whose、whom、why、how 等。除了利用上述单词进行提问外，有时会在答题指引中将所提问题列出。
回答问题答题步骤：
1.仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。
2.查看例句，确定答题方式。
3.要确定问句的种类，一般疑问句可按正常形式回答(例如：yes/no)，如果是选择疑问句或者是以wh/how开头的问句就一定要具体回答
4.仔细理解问句所提问题。
5.特别要注意问句中所提问题的关键词语(例如：单数、复数)，以及问句中表明数量、时间、地点的词语。
6.将问句中的关键词语与文章中相关句子中的词语进行匹配。
7.确定问句与文章中相关句子含义是否一致，得出答案。、相应练习：剑四 test1 paage2；剑四 test3 paage2；剑六 test1 paage1
四、完成图表、示意图题型(table、chart or diagram completion)
这部分题型是要根据文章所给出的信息，将图表内缺失的内容(或数据)填补出来。在IELTS阅读测试中，有很多种图表及示意图。这些图表中虽然词/语不多，但却能够明确说明问题的答案。通常这些图表会附在所给阅读文章之内，作为文章的一部分。切记不可忽略这些图表。图表填空的关键在于分析图表中已存在的文字信息点所在，然后根据已给出的信息点寻找对应的信息。
完成图表、示意图题答题步骤：
1.详细查看答题指引，以确定图表为何种信息。
2.查看例句，了解图表内容及答题方式。
3.查看图表题目栏中词语及数字符号。
4.查看图表中的说明及注释部分。
5.利用问句中的关键词语，在所给图表中寻找答案。
相应练习剑四 test1 paage2 剑五 test2 paage2 剑六 test3 paage3 剑七 test3 paage3
五、配对题(matching)
此种题型是IELTS阅读考试a类中比较普遍的题型，共分为两类：一是细节与段落匹配；二是选项与选项匹配
配对题答题步骤：
1.仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。
2.查看例句，确定答题方式。
3.弄清那些选项是同义选项，那些选项是反义选项，那些选项是有关数字选项。
4.根据在题目中自己划出的中心词在原文中寻找信息点，注意以大写、斜体、括号和引号方式出现的概念。
5.对于有关人名与理论、新产品和发明家、时间的配对题，首先要快速找出人名、公司名和时间，然后在附近的上下文中找答案。
相应练习： 细节与段落：剑四 test3 paage3； 剑5 test1 paage3；剑6 test3 paage3 选项与选项：剑四 test1 paage1；剑六test1 paage1；剑六 test3 paage2；
六、摘要(summary)、填空题型 (gapfill)
填空题通常有两种形式：一种是根据文章内容选择词或短语填空，一般是为阅读文章的缩写内容进行填空；另一种则无参考文章，只是一篇短文。第一种题型相对第二种题型较难，所花费时间较多，因为要将两篇文章进行语句、词语的比较。不过这种缩写形式对于理解所给阅读文章有所帮助。第二种形式是利用所给单词或短语进行填空。上述两种形式填空题都需要借助语法、词法知识，分析所需填空文章中相关句子的含义。
如果在填空题中所需填空的词为名词，还要确定其单数或复数形式。如果是动词，还要查看其动词的主语。如该主语为单数形式，应确定其动词是否为现在时第三人称单数形式。 要确定填空所需单词在句中的作用，是肯定还是否定的。连接词通常会决定词意的性质。例如："however"、"but"、"on the other hand"它们会改变句子的性质；而"also"、"and"、"to"、"as well as"则仍保持句子的性质不变。
有时所需填空单词会在填空文章的后面出现，这一点值得注意。要特别注意填空题中的代词，每个代词都会表明它所代表的名词或名词短语。因此一定要找出填空后面的代词，以确定它所代表的名词，这在回答填空题时有很大帮助。
摘要、填空题答题步骤：
1.首先阅读答题指引部分，确定填空文章是所给阅读文章的全篇还是部分的缩写，而且还要了解所给单词是否可以多次使用。
2.利用例句确定答案在文章中的位置，如能在一组题内先查看例句及最后一个问题，并确定例句的关键词语与最后一个问题的关键词语在文章中的位置，即可确定其它各题的答案一定是处在它们之间的段落内，从而缩小了搜索答案的范围，而不必通篇阅读。
3.快速扫描填空文章了解其大致含义。
4.判别所给单词表中单词的词性。如果为短语，还须确定其相应的词性功能，通过判别词性可以缩小选词目标，从而缩短答题时间。
5.查看填空前后的词语及该填空所在句子，并理解其含义。
6.将单词表中选出的目标词语与所要填空的前后单词进行相互联系比较，利用语法及词法知识确定其准确性。
7.如果属于第一种题型，还可以利用关键词语与所给阅读文章的相关句子进行匹配。
8.填空所需词性如果为名词，而单词表中并无名词，仅有形容词，就必须将该形容词转换成名词形式进行填空，但这种情况并不多见。
相应练习：
有选项的：剑四 test1 paage3；剑五 test1 paage3；剑五 test2 paage1 没有选项的：剑五 test1 paage1 ；剑六 test1 paage3 ；剑七 test3 paage 1； 剑七 paage3 paage1
七、完成句子题型 (sentence completion tasks)
完成句子题型就是先给出句子的一部分，未给出部分在文章中找出，或者给出2-3个答案，由你选择一个。这种题型较难，要花一点时间仔细查看文章中的有关部分。
完成句子题答题步骤：
1.详细阅读答题指引，获取必要的答题信息。
2.参考例句，确定答题形式。
3.利用语法知识确定句子缺失部分。
4.仔细查看所给句子的含义，并找出关键词语。
5 利用所给部分的关键词语在文章中找出相关句子。
6.在文章中的相关句子里，选取缺失部分(即答案)。
如果完成句子题型是以多重选择的形式出现，那么则要将选择答案部分列为问句的一部分，从中选取所需的关键词语，逐个与文章中相关句子进行匹配。
相应练习：剑7 test1 paage1 剑8 test2 paage3 剑8 test3 paage1
八、多重选择题型 (maltiple-choice tasks)
IELTS阅读测试中多重选择题型与toefl测试中的多重选择题型虽然类似，但实质上差别很大。ielt阅读测试中的多重选择题型更多侧重于对文章的理解，而非强调语法、词法的运用。
多重选择题答题步骤：
1.详细阅读答题指引，尽量找出相关答题信息。
2.按所给问题顺序答题。
3.首先剔出例句答案所在部分，紧随其后从上至下开始答题。
4.在问句中找出关键词语。
5.在所给选择答案中找出关键词语。
6.依次将问句及选择答案中的关键词语与文章中的相关词语进行匹配。
7.依据三点相符原则确定答案，既如果在匹配过程中找出三个逻辑上相同点既可确信答案正确无疑；两点相同，准确率也应在80%以上；一点相同，就须根据语法知识及相关信息加以判断。但有些题只需一点或两点相同即可找出答案。
相应练习：剑4 test2 paage 4 剑4 test3 paage 1 剑4 test4 paage 1 剑5 test1 paage 2 剑6 test3 paage 1
推荐第4篇：雅思写作教案1h
多看
多记
多写
多练
Icy
Leon One
Introduction 10’ -Icy -Ss -IELTS
Warm Up Questions 5’
-Which country and major will you study in and apply for? -How much do you know about IELTS writing? -How much time do you have to finish the homework given by me?
First Try 10’
-Some students hold the view that grammar is the eence of English learning, while others take vocabulary as the top level target of English study.
Brain Storming 25’ -Template/ Sample
*Advantage
*Disadvantage -Spelling
1 / 3 leon One
多看
多记
多写
多练
Icy
*Mistake
*British English+ American English
-se
-ze
-our
-or
-tre
-ter
-I, we, you
* you = x
*I, we =v C5-P165-Pa2: I think this is le likely today,…
C5-p169-Pa2: My own view is that there is no one…
C7-P163-Pa2:…we can find plenty of evidence…
-Paive Voice
C7-P163: Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that…
C7-P167: Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for…
-The quantity of words
*Making sense
*Accuracy
*160/260-270 = 6’; 200/300 and more = 6.5’
2 / 3 leon One
多看
多记
多写
多练
Icy
-Draft
*Test paper= V; Answer sheet = X
*sparkle vocabulary & expreions & structures & phrases -Style
*Full-block style
*Indented style
-Handwriting
*easy to recognize/se
*neat
-Task 1 VS Task 2
*go through the two tasks
*idea first
*Task1 first = psychological preparation
-Stop means stop writing immediately
3 / 3 leon One
推荐第5篇：雅思小作文教案
新航道胡敏雅思图表写作表达集粹
Ⅰ.Introduction (Paraphrase the Words on the Graphic Material)
* Pattern One (Without the Summary of the Trend)
1.This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between Florida, a state of the United States, and the United States as a whole in four aspects, namely, registered engineers, the civilian labor force, manufacturing employment and hi-tech employment, from 1978 to 1987.
2.There were many significant changes in modes of transport used by city dwellers from 1950 to 1990.The following paragraphs will identify and discu the trends in the accompanying graph.
3.The chart below displays the average earnings per week, in pounds sterling, of people of different levels of education living in the UK between the years 1965 and 1995.
4.The chart indicates the subjects studied by university students in Australia during the latter of last century.
5.The chart shows the number of road accidents in Britain over a period of six years.
6.The line graph reveals the amount of fast food consumed by Australian teenagers over a 25-year period between 1975 and 2000.
7.The bar chart illustrates the percentage of employees in different occupations absent from work in a given week in 2001.
8.Indicators of economic and social conditions in four countries, Canada, Japan, Peru and Zaire, in 1994, compiled by the UN, reflect the great differences that exist between wealthier and poorer nations.* Pattern Two (With the Summary of the Trend)
9.The graph compares the rate of smoking in men and women in Erewhon between the years 1960 and 1995.It can be clearly seen that the rate of smoking for both men and women is currently declining and that fewer women have smoked throughout the period.
10.The graphs compare the number of deaths caused by six diseases in Erewhom in 1990 with the amount of research funding allocated to each of those diseases.It can be clearly seen that the amount of research funding in many cases did not correlate with the seriousne of the disease in terms of numbers of deaths.
11.The three graphs provide an overview of the types of music people purchase in the UK.At first glance, we see that claical music is far le popular than pop or rock music.流程图常用句型
1.描述过程，流程常用句子
the following diagraph shows the structure of……
it mainly consists of…… it works as follows.
it always involves following steps.
the whole procedure can be divided into…stages. 2.描述流程，过程的常用过渡性词语
secondly thirdly/finally the first step is to the next step is to the last step is to - in the next stage in the following stage in the last stage first of all to begin with next later
at the same time simultaneously subsequently consequently before this during after this
in the course of
in order to/in order not to in order that
so as to/so as not to 描述流程的文章，应说明：
1． 首先说明是做什么工作的过程，目的是什么
2． 准备工作
3． 按时间/过程先后描述
4． 结果
5． 简单总结（可有可无）
描述一个实物/器具的工作过程，文章应分以下几点：
1． 实物是什么，做什么用的
2． 基本结构
3． 工作过程
4． 简单总结
雅思考试学习策略笔记
应试原则：
一、LISTENING：
1。（5-6分）：反复听，模仿，换角度欣赏---口语材料，注意音标，边听边写 ; 2。（7分） ：用研究的眼光：
（1）从口语的角度研究，在听的时候，作下观察笔记--就地点、人物、话题、用了什么样的词汇、使用了什么样的句子； （2）对话的考点和题眼。
3。（8分） ：IELTS 听力理解（10套题）及初级，中级听力教材
二、READING 1。词汇：突破记忆（7000词汇左右）
滚动式记忆法：每天只记忆固定的半个小时，反复记忆很多次（7次为佳），第二天，首先回忆一次前一天记的，每周最后一天，不记新单词，只需重复会议一个星期记过的所有单词。巩固加深印象。
2。复杂句子结构：（一般2遍仍看不懂的，为复杂句子，归纳有40--200个复杂句）
***语法--非谓语动词，不定式，vn,v-ing,v-p） --复合句（各类从句）
建议参考 张道真 和 薄冰 的语法书
三、WRITING：考察书面英语的表达能力 有两大误区： （1）ideas ,ideas ,ideas （2）用简单的词汇和句子结构写文章 1。英汉对比：
（1）以句子为单位： 英文句子“化零为整”---像一棵大树 中文句子“化整为零”---像竹节
（2）英译汉---破句重组 （忠告：切勿死记硬背文章，无较大收益） 2。英语写作究竟考什么？
（1）词汇：vocabulary range/wide 宽度 vocabulary difficult 难度
（2）句子结构： accuracy 精确性 complex 复杂性
建议： （一般TASK1 要写3个复杂句，TASK2需要写5-7个复杂句） 3。学习方法：
下面介绍一种，本人一直用于学习英语文章并行之有效的方法给大家
学习从八个层次学习每一篇文章： a.同义表达；
b.词伙关系：能够意想到的词类搭配 联想记忆法去remember vocabulary c.短语词组； d.惯用句型；
e.句子开端，应变化多样； f.复杂句子；
g.衔接手段：直接用 first, second, finally 等来衔接的，是水平较低的表现，应用语言的魅力来让别人一目了然你的段落层次感。 h.篇章结构。
建议，仔细用上述方法，研究IELTS写作的20篇范文。
四、SPEAKING： 分三个阶段，也是现实生活中的三种技能 学会如何去应用这种语言交流？ 1。人员之间的交往：
策略：变换第一阶段的ANSWER，别太常用，应与众不同。 2。单独展示自己的个人魅力：
策略：可以用那允许的1 MIN 写几个简单的提示（中英文皆可）；
概念要完整，条理要清晰；
让考官对你讲的东西感兴趣（属于构思技巧）；
语速应该适中，贯穿始终，勿TOO SLOW---会被认为是真实水平的体现，也勿TOO FAST---会有背诵嫌疑。
任务1：图表写作
要求考生在20分钟内完成150字以上的短文。
以考核图表为主。主要有: 曲线图 line chart, graph 柱状图 bar chart 饼状图 pie chart 表格等 table 偶尔也会有流程图flow chart、地图geography和示意图diagram/figure 评分标准
和任务2一样，评分观测点也有四项： Task achievement （ task response task 2） Coherence and cohesion Lexical resources Grammatical range and accuracy 首先让我们搞明确task achievement 要求完成什么。 1) summarize the general features/trends 2) select important information 3) compare and contrast data The table below shows three social and economic indicators of seven American countries for the year 1997.
country GDP per (USD)
capita adult illiteracy rate (%)
4.4 3.6 16.8 10.5 7.0 15.2 4.4
newspaper sales per 1000 people 99 123 40 97 122 63 118 Bahamas 13000 Argentina 9100 Brazil Mexico Surinam Jamaica 4900 4300 3700 2600 2100 Cuba
Sample answer We can see that GDP per capita varies substantially from 2100 USD in Cuba to 13000 USD in the Bahamas, with 5 of the 7 countries below 5000 USD per capital GDP. The illiteracy rates also differ considerably.The highest illiteracy rates are for Brazil (16.8%) and Jamaica (15.2% ), whilst Argentina has the lowest rate, at 3.6%.Mexico (10.5%) and Surinam (7%) lie in the middle.Surprisingly, the adult illiteracy rate for Cuba and the Bahamas is the same, at 4.4%.
And finally, let's look at newspaper sales.It has a tendency that the higher the rate at which a country has sold newspapers, the lower its adult illiteracy rate is.But the Bahamas is an exception.Though its adult illiteracy rate is the second low among the seven countries, it has not got a comparable high rate of newspaper sale.图表写作且记住一定要客观，只写图表上要描述的信息，而不能主动解释背后的原因或深层次的含义。We are required to describe rather than explain. 也不要面面俱到，机械地记录图表内容，犹如流水账。 Example:
The bar chart below shows the marriage rates of people at the age of 25 in English from 1950 to 1980.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.(the green is male, the red is female)
Besides giving information in the chart, the candidate also raised a question and analyzed the poible reasons why the marriage rate of men is higher than that of women, which are not supposed to be done properly.It is not your task to reason out why.文章结构 首段 ：
图表作文的首段必须交待三个要素：图表研究的时间段、研究的对象和研究所采用的数据形式（是具体的数字还是百分比）。 应当将这三个内容用一句话说清楚。实际上就是把题目中描述图表的那句话用自己的语言说出来并拓展一下即可。首段不要写得过长，两句话比较合适。 主体段：
主体段描写单方向的趋势，根据趋势的分类来决定主体段应该划分成几个自然段，例如一图表讲美国、澳大利亚、日本、英国四个国家的消费情况。在主体段落中，每一个单方向的趋势都应当用一句话来概括描述，这句话不一定要涉及具体数据，是概括性的描述，代表某一段的总的方向。就像任务2中主题句的写法。接下去就要有数据的支撑。相当任务2中的例证。所以图表写作主体段必须有两个要素：单方面的趋势和数据支持。 结尾段：
图表通过对具体数据的对照和对比来说明问题，因此在结尾部分要写出对照对比的趋势，以及从这个趋势中得出的一个结论。图表写作这部分的写法与任务2 完全不同。它的信息完全来自图表，不能加进任何自己的见解，不需要分析评论。 文章内容
与任务2写作一样，图表写作也要紧紧围绕任务去完成。也要依据题目提供的已知信息进行写作。与任务2不同的是图表作文的信息载体不是文字而是图表，考生将图表承载的信息用文字表达出来。在转化的过程中很容易遗漏信息。所以写完后的审查就显得更加重要。 趋势描写
图表中反映的是某一事情或情况的变化趋势，有总趋势也有局部趋势，因而趋势描写便成为图表作文中必不可少的内容。图表的目的是通过对比对照来说明问题，因此文章中也应该描写有关对比对照的趋势。 数据导入
图表的另一个特点就是表中会出现大量的数据，所以导入数据便是一个重要任务。描述完某种趋势后，必须有具体的数据来支撑。没有数据的对比是空洞的。数据是重要信息，一定不要遗漏。
1、表示“说明”的句子结构和常用句型 This table/chart/ diagram/graph shows that ...The figures /statistics show that
more other verbs:
describe, illustrate, display, exhibit, indicate, reflect, represent, reveal, unfold, summarize etc. More patterns: According to
As is shown in the As can be seen from
It can be seen from We can see from It is clear from
It is apparent/obvious/ evident 还可用第一人称复数引入要说明的信息。切记不要使用第一人称单数。 We can see We conclude from
...that ...We find
1）数据统计时，表示静态数据的句子结构“有” “占” “是...倍” “达到” 等。 常用的动词有：be, have, reach, hit, account for, e.g.澳大利亚和英国都占10%。 Australia and UK both had 10%. e.g.中国人占市场份额最大。
The Chinese accounted for the largest percentage of market share. 1) 表示增加 动词+副词结构
e.g.1999年度家庭轿车的数量陡然增加。
The number of family cars increased suddenly in the year 1999. 形容词+名词
e.g.参与者的数量有一个明显的上升。
There was a significant jump in the number of participants. e.g.该产品的市价在稳步上升。
There is a steady increase in the price of this product. 介词短语
e.g.申请者的人数仍然在增加。
The number of applicants is on the rise.
e.g.从2008年到2010年专职教师的人数在增加。
The number of full-time teachers was on the increase form 2008 to 2010. 2) 表示下降
动词+副词结构
e.g.当地学校的失学人数在去年略有下降。
The number of drop-outs in the local school dropped slightly last year. 形容词+名词
e.g.上个月的销售额出现了急剧下降。
There was a steep fall in the sales volume last month. 介词短语
e.g.数据显示本财政年上半年海外投资规模一路走低。
The statistics shows that the overseas investment was on the decline over the first half of this fiscal year.
e.g.美元对港元的汇率出现了持续疲软。 The exchange rate of USD over that of HKD is still on the decrease. 3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 A: level off
e.g.收音机的听众人数在早晨6:30到8:30之间一直攀升，然后从8:45分起出现持平现象。
The number of radio audience is on the rise between 6:30 and 8:30, and then levels off since 8:45.
3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 B: 系表结构
Stay / keep / remain + steady
unchanged
stable
constant 3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 B: 系表结构
e.g.这个县的离婚率在前三个季度没有发生变化。
The divorce rate of the first three quarters in his county remains constant. e.g.美国近三个月来的国内生产总值基本没有发生任何变化。
The growth rate of GDP in the U.S.A stayed basically unchanged over the recent three months.
3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词
C: there be + little / no / hardly
+ any change e.g.
六、七两个月的轿车销售几乎没有出现任何变化。
There was hardly any change in the number of cars sold from June to July. e.g.该公司的股票交易量没有发生变化。
There was no change in the turn-over of the company's stocks. 3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词
D: 最高点和最低点
The figure / The situation / The monthly
+ peaked / reached a peak (a hign point) / bottomed out / reached the bottom (a low poit ) e.g.这个国家的居民消费指数在2010年十月创历史最高,达到6%。出现了严重的通胀。
CPI in that country reached a peak of 6% in Oct.2010.Inflation was serious. 4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 A.than e.g.男子接受高等教育的人数比女子多，分别是男子10%， 女子5%。 There were more males than females who have their higher education.
4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 B.as e.g.A校学生人数几乎是B校学生人数的3倍。
School A has approximately three times as many students as School B. D.to / be superior / inferior/ senior to e.g.A组的成员比B组成员年轻三岁。
Mumbers of Group A are three times junior to those of Group B. 4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 E.直接用动词表示
e.g.使用电脑的优点远远大于它的缺点。
The advantages of using computers far outweigh the disadvantages.
e.g.男人接受高等教育的人数以 4比1的比例超出了女人接受高等教育的人数。 The male outnumbered the female four to one in higher education. 5) 关于倍数表达 倍数的增加。
A）“n times larger than…”与 “n times as large as” 的概念。
汉语中A是B的n倍，与A比B大(n-1)倍概念相同，而英文中则不是。注意英语的 “n times larger than…”与 “n times as large as” 的概念是一致的，即“是原来的n倍”。一般讲英语国家的人认为“two times larger than” 等于原来的两倍, 即“two times as large as”，所以为了避免歧义，应用更加明确的表示方法：three times its original size; three times as large as it used to be e.g.经过十几年的建设，深圳市的面积比以前大了两倍。
With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times larger than before.With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times its original size.With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times as large as it used to be.误译：With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is twice larger than before.2）当倍数与表示上升下降趋势的词连用时，无论是否有介词，均表示“增加到n倍”。
如：increase to N times increase N times/N-fold increase by N times increase by a factor of N There is a N-fold/N times increase/growth…注意此句应译为“增加了N-1倍倍数的减少
1）“A is n times as small as B” 与“A is n times lower than B” 的概念
中文中不用倍数表示“减少”，不说“A比B小/少多少倍”，而是说“A比B小几分之几”，用分数表达；所以英文的“A is n times lower than B”或“A is n times as small as B”应译成“A是B的n分之一”或“A比B小n分之n-1”。
e.g.公司今年的利润是去年的三分之一。/公司今年的利润比去年下降三分之二。 The profits of the company this year is three times lower than last year. 可以用分数直接表达以避免歧义。
The profits of the company this year is one third of last year.
2）当倍数与表示上升下降趋势的词连用时，无论是否有介词，均表示“减少到1/n”。如： decrease N times/N-fold decrease by N times decrease by a factor of N
There is a N-fold decrease/reduction… 表达的意思相同, 均为“减少到1/n”。
翻番问题：两番double，三番triple，4番quadruple 1) 嘉实多的油在越南每公升售价1.5美元，这个价格是那些从台湾和泰国进口油价的三倍。
Castrol oil costs about $1.5 per liter in Vietnam, about three times as much as the price of cheaper oil imported from Taiwan and Thailand.2) 到2020年中国将实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到40000亿美元左右。
By 2020, China’s GDP will quadruple that of 2000 to approximately USD 4 trillion.3) 印度贫富之间的差距越来越大，是10年前的两倍。
India’s growing gap between the rich and the poor is twice as much as 10 years ago.4).棉花产量比1996年增加了三倍/是1996年的四倍。 The cotton output was four times greater than that of 1996.5).英中两国贸易在过去五年就翻了一番。
British trade with China has doubled over the last five years alone.6）这房子的价钱已升至我们购买时的三倍。 The house is worth treble what we paid for it. 7）近几年来，电视机的价格下降了一半儿。
The price of TVs has been twofold down over these years.8).改革开放30年来，人们的生活水平得到了显著的提高，人均年收入是40年前的30倍。
For the 30 years of reform and opening up, people’s standard of living has been a significant increase, and the per capita annual income is 30 times more than that of 40 years ago. 更多的动词：
takes up, increase, rise, climb, grow, soar, jump, amount to, double, decrease, drop, fall, diminish, decline, remain, keep, Sample One：
The following graphs give information about the Gro Domestic Product and employment sectors of a developing country.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
natural industry % trade, transport government % other total Resources % restaurants, communication % % %
hotels %
employment 77.4 3.6 4.9 1.6 1.6 3.8 100.00 GDP 19.2 15.4 37.1 8.4 12.5 7.4 100.00
推荐第6篇：雅思听力基础教案
课程名称：基础听力
授课内容：雅思听力简介、场景:租房、新生报到
雅思听力简介
Academic Module学术类
General Training Module移民类
4 sections, 40 questions (10 questions per section)
30 minutes + 10 minutes transfer time
听力评分细则
雅思听力考试的基本范围
1survival english 生存英语即基本日常生活英语例租赁房屋、打
车、购物、度假、交友等
2academic english 学术、校园英语
例如何使用图书馆、如何使用计
算机实验室、如何做课外研究话题、如何与教授谈论论文、如何讨论问题等
注雅思听力考试中极少可能会考到新闻
4 雅思听力的6个基本特点
1 国际口音其中含英音50%美音20%澳音20%其他10%
英音电影推荐 英国病人哈利波特, 朗读者
2 四段叙述section1和section3是对话dialoguesection2和
section4是陈述monologue 一般来说section1到section4难度
递增每个section放音时间6分钟左右。
3 边听边做要训练快速阅读的读题能力尤其是对选择题要求大家手、LISTEN TO LILY
2 眼、耳并用建议把《四级词汇速听速记》上1000多单词全部听写一遍
4 顺序原则听力录音中答案出现的顺序与试卷题目顺序一致
5 题型多样10种题型
6 语法的高容忍度(雅思评卷时如果考生可以让评分官明白考生要表达的
意图那么他的表达就是有效的)It’s a nice area and it’s near
the railway station.
5雅思听力答卷说明
1 答卷要用铅笔建议直接将答案写在试卷上。
2 要埋头答题雅思听力放音过程中会有两个停顿过程分别是听力磁带
开始前的读题时间及每个section结束后的30秒钟检查时间+++
3 听好考试安排者的声音听section的主题以及“look at questions 11to
13”等 II.音 tips 所谓不知者无罪但是要做一个“知者”才可以事半
功倍世界上有四种人。。。你要做哪种人呢 FAQ 常见问题
I.租房：
听力材料+情景词汇
从题型上看，租房场景经常会出现各种形式的填空题，如个人信息填空、表格填空
题和句子填空等等。
词汇 雅思听力考试对词汇量的要求
需要会拼写的词汇量不超过2500个2312听力词汇书应和雅思词汇书分开
雅思听力常考场景之一租房场景
house-renting 是听力常考场景之一,一般出现在section1,属于较简单的题型, 其词汇量较大,但是比较容易掌握. 房屋内部设置:
single bedroom 单人房
double bedroom 双人房living room 起居室 kitchen 厨房
toilet 厕所 bathroom 浴室 房屋外围设施
courtyard 院子
garage 车库
balcony阳台
corridor、porch 走廊、门廊 fence 栅栏
fountain 喷泉联农夫山泉及orchard
家电
Fridge、refrigerator 冰箱
washing machine 洗衣机
dishwasher 洗碗机
water heater 热水器
microwave oven 微波炉 stereo system 音响hi-fi system
radiator 电暖炉 参radiusradium toaster 烤面包机参toastroast dryer 干燥机
air conditioner 空调(以上词汇需要会拼写)
卧室内家用品词汇: LISTEN TO LILY
single bed 单人床
double bed 双人床
king-sized bed blanket 毯子 sheet 床单
mattre 床垫 quilt 棉被 联quail pillow 枕头
curtain 窗帘 wardrobeward+robe closet衣橱 armchair 扶手椅子
浴室用品词汇:(以下词汇听懂即可) detergent 清洁剂 源deter tap 笼头
towel 手巾,毛巾
sponge 洗澡用的海绵 shampoo 洗发精
soap 香皂
lotion 洗发液
cream 面霜
shaver 剔须刀
以外还要注意这些词汇:
住宿类型:homestay
student hostel学生公寓 dormitory 宿舍 flat/apartment 公寓
地理位置:suburb/outskirts 郊区
downtown/urban area 市区
房东:landlord/landlady(女房东) 租客:tenant 押金:deposit存钱可以说save也可以说deposit新生报到：
听力材料+情景词汇
环境，注册程序及费用，学校的历史，校名的变迁，建筑及开放时间，制度，教学，
设施，教职员工，选课，学生常见问题及建议。
作
业：
住房、姓名、国籍、号码
小
结：
个人信息填空
学生的住宿情况登记Accommodation Form：
姓名、日期、地址的写法、住宿类型、个人爱好、饮食习惯、其他住宿要求等等。
准确性要求很高
如：常见姓名的拼写、专有名词首字母大写、名词答复数等等。
授课内容：图书馆、社会生活
图书馆：
听力材料+情景词汇
部门：
touch-screen service触摸屏，
stacks书库
information desk咨询处
references参考书，
newspapers and periodicals 报纸期刊，
delivery desk/circulation desk 出纳台 ，
loans借书处，
returns还书处
社会生活：
听力材料+情景词汇
学生常遇见问题及建议：
attendance出勤率, homesickne想家, too high expectations期望值太高,
plagiarism作弊,, wrong courses选错了专业,technical terms/vocabulary科技术语/词汇.
student account 学生账户，current account 现金账户，chequebook/checkbook 支票本，withdraw cash 取钱，deposit money in a band 存钱
雅思听力常考场景之二图书馆场景 考点
书名作者出版时间出版社借书证办理手续接触时间到期时间部门
单词
Catalog目录
Call slip 借书单、借书证
Check out 登记并借出
Library card、admiion card借书卡
Deadline 最后期限
Due 到期
Overdue and pay a fine 过期并交罚款
Renew 续借
Available可借到的
Out on loan/ out circulation已经借出
Interlibrary service 图书馆之间相互借书
Reserve/book 预借联reservoir In circulation 在书库里 Not for circulation不外借 Bibliography 参考书目(biblio+graphy) On shelves在书架上 Journal 杂志 Periodical 定期刊物 Current/ back iue最新的/过期的一期
Category 种类Librarian 图书管理员
Encyclopedia 百科全书Almanac 年鉴(al+man+ac) Test papers考试卷 Touch-screen service触摸屏 Stacks 书库 Information desk咨询处 Circulation desk/ delivery desk/ returns and loans 图书借还台 Newspapers and periodicals报纸期刊 Loans 借书处 Returns 还书处 Index 索引联influx Photocopying room 复印室 Resource center资料中心 Audio-visual resources音像资料中心联visageenvisionenvisageappearance Lockers 储物柜
Locker room更衣室 LISTEN TO LILY
8 Open/closed reserve 可以外接的/只准在图书馆看的书籍 IV.skills and practice 1.针对section 1部分的填空题型训练及讲解
要求听力基本功扎实针对section1反应、拼写、单复数、大小写都要正确
1数字 即听即写没有反应时间。多练习。可以来COPY
2字母 大小写
3钱数 要不要带单位
4地址 大小写 5日期写法规范根据题中已有信息标准
Skills: 审题审什么怎么审
Practice: page 14 172730(热身听力红皮)
作
业：
位置、活动、校园
“回忆”重要信息
词汇 检查+补充
如何背单词根据音节来背不要按字母背一口气训练法可以 训练即听即写的能力。
一、section1 常见题型及其经典陷阱解析
二、section2 填空（句子、笔记、地图）
三、section2\\3选择题、搭配题
四、section4及其针对目标分数的得分策略
五、关于拼写准确性及机经单词听写
常见题型及其经典陷阱解析 A、
笔记填空
个人信息表要求
1、学会快速读题，划出信号词。
2、预测答案做好两点：词性；词的范围
3、注意表示并列关系的连词（总结并要求熟练掌握）
举例说明：4-1-1
Visit places which have: .historical interest （可提前划出并默读一遍） (and/and also/as well as/too).good 1_________ 2______________ 总结答案特点：机经中v-ed做形容词组成的词组如：printed list, bottled water, unanswered ,question, typed letter, recycled material, detailed notes, fixed expense, etc) B表格填空要求：
1、迅速浏览表头、用题号定位顺序
2、出题格以上以左最重要。（格式完全参照横纵轴已知信息）
3、注意空格的密集度，紧则快速简写、松则往后看题。
经典考法及其举例:
1、考简单的运算-- 信息拆分即出题人有时会把一个完整信息拆成两半，在答题时须注意综合两方面的信息。重点词不是非常明显。（加减plus=and/minus=but）
举例说明：length of time in Australia_________ (4-3-1 第1 空)
2、时态干扰---时间先后（过去：used to/in the past/years ago/动词过 去式；现在：at the moment/now/right now/at
present/current/currently/be doing; 将来：next/tomorrow/soon/ in the future/ will be/be going to）
举例说明：
Eg1: present course:_________ (4-3-1第3 空) Eg2: engine size:_________ (5-3-1第1 空)
1、对常见场景及相应单词的熟悉。（教师多研读机经并给出相应补充。）
2、通过连接词来把握文章的节奏。（教师总结好该部分常见的连接词。）
3、熟悉常考题型以及技巧。
另外在听题的过程中，要注意对听到的词和题干中的字做同义联想，不要期望看到的和听到的字是一样的。在完成试题后，一定要检查单词的拼写、时态和单复数。
听力考试答案要求：
1、答案拼写完全正确；（少a ; 双写n; 字母双写；字母m,n,g,j的辨音）
2、答案区分大小写；（首字母大写情况12类）
3、答案区分单复数；（多数情况下名词有S，个别单词永远以复数形式出现）
4、答案区分字数限制（WORD和NUMBER 不是一个概念）
（记住：最后誊写答案的十分钟一定要用这四条去检查自己的书写）
B、、认识 认识认识
认识雅思听力中三类词
雅思听力中三类词雅思听力中三类词 雅思听力中三类词;
1、背景词汇（文本词汇）----该放手是要放手，不要纠结！
有的时候，一些词死活都听不懂，哪怕看了文本也不认识。比如 photojournalism, archaeology, buffet, cottage。这些词我们在平时生活中遇到的不多，可是在雅思听力中却是考过的，它们出现在听力中往往造成理解障碍。这种词汇问题看似可怕，却对我们的听力影响相对不大。因为他们在听力考试中的出现率不是很高。
2、听觉词汇------一 听就要求立刻能反应出意思的词
有些词是我们听不懂的，但是一看文本就认识了。
是视觉上熟悉，而听觉上陌生的词。这类词对我们的听力影响才是最大的。Item, catalog, clue,plus。
3、能听明白能反应就是写不对的词------死磕到底，见一个拿下一个！
questionnaire
survey beginning
definitely behavior colleague wives 举例：
：分类总结常见易错单词 1 容易丢a或错a 的单词
2、不该双写的单词
3、需双写、或不该丢字母的单词
4、重音陌生的单词
5、合成词
6、词组
7、-ed 词组
8、-ing 词组
9、-s 的词
10、形近词
考试时要有“舍得”的精神，强调战略要高于战术。
推荐第7篇：雅思写作教案2
写作基本功训练Sentence Construction By using the words in brackets, join each of the following sentences into logical ones.You may need to change some of the words.Eg He studies English.He studies French ( as well as) He studies English as well as French.
1A student has studied English for a few years.He may have a vocabulary of thousands of words.(who) 2Between formal and colloquial English there is unmarked English.It is neither so literary and serious as formal English, nor so causal and free as colloquial English.(which) 3 He bought a jeep.His friend advised him against it.( in spite of) 4 Good writing requires general and abstract words as well as specific and concrete ones.It is the latter that make writing vivid, real and clear.(though) 5It was raining hard.They could not work in the fields.(so…that) 6The politician is concerned with succeful elections.The statesman is interested in the future of his people.(whereas) 7 The results of the experiment were succeful.The school refused to give any help.(although) 8He chose to study computer science.Computer science has good employment prospects.(because of) 9Mary walked very slowly.She didn‟t catch the train.(if) 10He is not coming.The meeting will be put off till next week.(in the event of) 11A cautious driver always bring with him a spare tyre.He has a puncture.(in case) 12Many people do not have enough to eat.There is plenty of food in the world.(however) 13Nuclear power can be used to make electricity .Many people are against using nuclear power.(although) 14It would be rather impertinent of me to expre an opinion.I am not a member of the Church of England myself.(therefore) 15Computer che games are still a bit expensive, but they are getting cheaper all the time.The che-playing strength is rising.(furthermore) 16Western Europe has large reserves of fuel.The UK has a 250 year supply of coal.(for instance) 17Middle-cla children do well in most education system.Working-cla children do relatively poorly.(on the other hand)
Letter Writing (信件写作) Letters can be claified into formal and informal ones.Formal letters can be either formal impersonal or formal personal.For instance, a letter to the principle of a college explaining why you will be delayed is a formal impersonal letter.A letter to the father of a friend of your own age congratulating him or her on an examination succe will probably be written as an informal letter(a personal letter).When you write a letter, you would better always bear in mind that the worst mistakes in letter writing are caused by mixing up the different kinds.Different occasions require
1 different treatment.1.Formal Impersonal Letters(正式非私人信件) Formal impersonal letters are written to get things done.They are written to firms and other organizations, to offices and departments, to employers of firms and to officials.Because of this they are often called “busine letters”.For this reason, the rules of formal impersonal letter must be strictly obeyed.These letters should be busine-like.Concentrate on the busine you are trying to get done.Don‟t bury it in irrelevant personal details.When you are writing a formal impersonal letter, be careful with handwriting, grammar, punctuation and spelling.You are writing to get something done, something that matters to you.So don‟t your reader the impreion that you are carele.See the following example:
Flat6, the Priory, 3 A Nevill Park, Tunbridge Wells, Kent TN4 8NW 30th October,2000 (2) The Project Director Amazon Expedition, 8 Bell St., London WC3 5YA (3) Dear Sir, (4)I was very interested in your advertisement in today‟s edition of The Evening Post and I should like to apply to be a member of the Amazon Expedition team.I am twenty-three years old and have an honors degree in Botany from Bath University.Since leaving university I have been working in a research laboratory but my contract comes to an end in six weeks.I would particularly like to join the expedition for the opportunity it would give me to study the plant life of the area. I enjoy several outdoor activities including rowing and rock climbing and I consider myself to be both fit and healthy enough to undertake such an expedition.If you would like me to attend an interview, I would be come at any time convenient for you, as my employers have agreed to give me time off for the purpose.I look forward to hearing from you.(5) Yours faithful, Signature
(6) Ma Xiaoguang This is a typical formal impersonal letter (busine letter).This kind of letter should be typewritten except the signature.It consists of six parts.(1) Heading.The return addre goes in the top right-hand corner of the page with the date below it.Do not put your name above or near your addre.Remember always to use the postcode.( TN4 8NW) (2) Inside addre.Write the name of the receiver and the inside addre on the left and four to six lines below the return addre.(3) Salutation.Write the salutation on the left, two lines below the inside addre and follow it with a coma.The normal ways of naming the person you are writing to
2 are as follows: If you know the name of the person ,you write : Dear+ Mr.\\ Mrs.\\Ms+ Surname If you don‟t know the name of the person , you write: Dear+ Sir or Madam (4) Body.Start your letter on the left-hand side, underneath the name two lines below.(5) Closing.Write the closing on the left-hand side, and follow it with a comma Yours sincerely.If you have no idea of the person you are writing to, it is usual to use the form Yours faithfully.(6) Signature.You should write your signature three or four lines down by closing by hand.Below your signature you should print or type your name, so that the person who reads your letter is in no doubt about who you are.A formal letter doesn‟t need to be written in very formal languages these days.You should aim to expre yourself in a clear and concise way and to avoid slang, idiomatic expreion and abbreviations.Formal personal letters(正式私人信件) Formal personal letters are different from formal impersonal letters because the relationship between the writer and the reader is different and the letters are written about different kinds of things.The writer of a formal personal letters knows the reader personally.The purpose of the letter is to send a meage from one person to another.You are not writing about a busine or an official subject.The way you write the letter must show your reader that you are thinking if him or her in a personal way.Formal personal letters are formal, so, your letters should be properly set out and carefully written.This kind of letter often covers the following areas: A invitation B requests C arrangements D apology E Congratulations F thanks Now see the following example: Example (1) Flat 3, Hartington House,
9 Hope Park Terrace Edinburgh EH8 9JX 9 July, 2000 (2) Dear Mr.and Mrs.Seaton, (3)Thank you very much for taking me with you on that splendid outing to London.It was the first time that I had seen the Tower or any of the other famous sights.If I would gone alone, I could not have seen nearly as much, because I would not have known my way about.
The weather was splendid that day, which I thought was true.I still remember some people told me that Britain there is weather and no climate.During the same day, it may snow in the morning, rain at noon, shine in the afternoon and be windy before the night falls.So I think I was lucky.I think the river trip was the best thing of all.London really came alive for me as we saw it from the Thames during that wonderful journey down to Greenwich.It was all tremendously exciting—a day that I shall never forget.
Thank you for giving me such a great birthday treat.
3 (4) Yours sincerely, (5) (signature) A formal personal letter could be typewritten (except the signature) or written by hand.It usually consists of five parts.(Inside addre doesn‟t appear in a formal personal letter.) (1) Heading.Your addre always goes in the top right-hand corner.The date always goes under the addre.This can be written as: Monday,28th March March 28th 28\\3\\2000 (2) Salutation.Write the salutation on the left, and follow it with a comma.The normal ways of naming the person you are writing to are as follows: A Dear Mr.\\Ms.+ surname (family name) (3) Body.Indent four or five spaces at the beginning of every paragraph.(4) Closing.Write the closing in the centre of the page---the closing is Yours sincerely—and follow it with a comma.(5) Signature.You should write your signature two or three lines down below the closing by hand. When you write a formal personal letter, you must choose your words to suit the kind of the subject you are writing about.For example, you wouldn‟t write to the father of a friend thanking him for a present in the same way that you would write to the dean of your department putting forward your ideas for changes in the courses in the course study.You can write formal personal letters to the people: A Who are older than you.B Who are in a position of authority C you have not known for a long time
D you are acquainted with E you are not related to F you do not have a lot in common with.Informal Letters(非正式信件) Informal letters are also called “ personal letters”.Often you can write informal letter to the people: A who are about the same age as you B who have the equal social position as you have C whom you have known for a long time D who are amiable friends of yours E whom you are related with F who have many things in common with you Example (1)139, South Close, London NW3 2RF 20 August,2000 (2) Dear Aunt Nellie, I have just started work, and I „d like to tell you about my experiences so far.I am working as a typist in an insurance office which has about forty other people.Most of the time I type a letter for a very kind man called Mr.Merriam, who is manager of the Claims Department.He gives me my work, and I take it back to him when I have typed it.
4 There are all kinds of different people in the office: some rude, some noisy, some funny.I have made friends with a typist called Susan; her bo is a Mrs.Jones, who is manager of the Accounts Department.Susan and I get on very well together, and we often go to a nice little café for lunch, which costs about a pound.You know that I have been trained as a typist, so the work here is easy for me.The office is very clean and modern, though I find the atmosphere bizarre and a bit difficult to get used to.Transport from home to work is no problem for me: I first catch a 26 bus, change at Bidlam Square, and then continue on a number 12.It takes about 20 minutes.Well , that is all for now.Next time I write I hope I will have more news for you.(3) with love (4) (5) Mary The usual rules of an informal letter are more or le the same as the formal personal letters.Narration (记叙文) Narration , as a pattern of thought, consists of the act of following a sequence of actions or events in time.It is a recounting of the facts or particulars of some occurrence, incident, or experience.The simplest kind of narration is the which follows chronological order, that is, which tells the events in the order in which they occurred.Reading the following paragraph: I went to the lecture at 11.Before that I had a sandwich and a cup of coffee at the university canteen.I didn‟t have enough time to eat breakfast.After the lecture, I went off and ate a big lunch.This paragraph is not following the chronological order.It seems to be a bit jumbled.It is better to be written as follows: I got up late in the morning, so I didn‟t have enough time to eat my breakfast.Before I went to the lecture at 11 I had a sandwich and a cup of coffee at the university canteen.After the lecture, I went off and ate a big lunch. Exercise
rearrangement A Aristide had gone for a walk in the forest one day B He set out early in the morning C He didn‟t know how to find his way back to the town D He soon fell asleep E He was tired and hungry, and sat down to rest F Having walked for several hours, he suddenly realized that he was lost G He was surrounded by redskins H When he awoke, it was nearly dark I They bound his hands and led him away to their village
The common Structure of Narration
The rhetorical structure of narration can be partially conveyed by a single sentence: Yesterday morning, on the main street in the city centre, Mr.Wang had a car accident.This sentence contains all the elements of narration (except cause and effect): the
5 time(when the events occurred), the place(where the event occurred), the agent ( the person or persons who take part in the action), and the action( the thing done).Because narration follows the laws of chronological succeion, in the narrative the pattern can be as follows: Introduction ( contains time, place, agent, and beginning of action) Event1 2 3 4 Conclusion Narration often goes hand in hand with description.Practicing writing a factual description of a place and a day‟s routine aociated the place is useful for an IELTS candidate.From this, he will learn to describe a workplace or educational institution and to describe the main facts of a person‟s working day in chronological order.The present simple tense in the narrative is used when writing about everyday routine.This is a very common use of this tense.
In real life, one is often required to write a personal factual narrative on particular events.It is therefore useful for students to learn how to arrange the events in chronological order and to describe the events in a simple piece of continuous writing.Exercise1 Write about a day‟s outing you went on.Say who went with you, where you went and what you did.The guiding for the writing: (1) Introduction and explanation ---who you are where you live where you went (2) Traveling there--- when you left how you traveled when you arrived (3) What happened there---what you did first next after that
when you have a meal (4) Traveling back---- when you left how you traveled when you got back home The past perfect tense is used in the writing because it fits in naturally when narrating events in the past.Superlative of adjectives clauses are also used here.Adjectives clauses are a very common feature in written English.In academic writing, a narrative is often used to outline a sequence of steps carried out a specific occasion.It is also particularly important in report-writing, when the writer outlines the developmental stages of an experiment or a piece of research, or the sequence of steps in an event such as a fire or an accident. Vocabulary Guide (1) now then next before after subsequently afterwards earlier later sooner (2) first second third once former latter before this formerly prior to (3) previously every day a long time ago one of these days last year up to this time on the occasion (4) while at the same time meanwhile
(5) yesterday the day before yesterday two days ago tomorrow (6) finally eventually simultaneously at last 6
推荐第8篇：雅思写作教案1
Argument
In IELTS, for both the academic and the General Training modules, the second writing task is often an argument or a discuion on a given topic.In this unit, we will be discuing how to write an argument. An argument is a set of statements in support of an opinion or proposed course of action.It is expreed in an orderly way, and is used to try to convince someone that the opinion or course of action is correct. In this unit, we will discu: How to plan an argument How to support an argument How to organize an argument How to refute an argument The first step in planning an argument is to list the points you wish to make.Some of these may be facts.Some may be opinions.Facts are statements which are known to be true.Opinions are personal beliefs which may or may not be true .It is important to distinguish between facts and opinions in arguments.An argument consisting only of opinions will not be convincing to your reader.See the following sentences: 1 The sun rises in the east 2Qing Dao is a city in Shan Dong Province.3Qing Dao is a beautiful city.4The Ghost Show, which is broadcast on Friday nights, is a terrible program .Exercise1 Which of the following statements are facts or opinions? 1Only weak people smoke cigarettes.2There is a drastic statistic relationship between lung cancer and cigarette smoking.3 Smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer.二How to support an Argument(如何支撑论点) When you write an argument, you must try to convince your reader that your points are correct and reasonable.To do so you must provide strong support for your arguments.Here are some ways of supporting an argument(你应该通过一些途径支撑论点,举例法,给出相关的理由或者事实,引用事实,或适当的过度词,等) 1Supporting an argument by giving lots of examples 2Supporting an argument by giving relevant and accurate reasons or facts as evidence.3Supporting an argument by giving a quotation.4Supporting an argument by using transitional words and phrases that signal your supporting evidence.5Supporting an argument by expreing your opinion in a clear way in a topic sentence.6supporting an argument by mentioning a source.一Giving examples Revolutions which overthrow despotic governments by violent means often end by establishing another kind of despotism.A good example is the French Revolution of 1789, which began as an expreion of democratic will, and ended by establishing Napoleon as of the Emperor of the French.
1 二Write two relevant supporting statements for each of the sentences below.1Public money should be spent on persuading people to give up smoking
2Drinking and driving don’t mix Up to 75% of fatal road accidents involve alcohol People drink much more when they are worried.三A quotation may consist of a word , phrase ,sentence ,paragraph or longer expreion from the text of another writer.Quoting an authority on a subject is a way of reinforcing an argument and strengthening a point of view.Quotations also add colour and feeling to writing.But take care not to overwork the technique.It is unneceary to substantiate every aertion you make by bolstering it up with a quotation.Select the quotations and use them sparingly.“Prevention is better than cure” “Actions speak louder than words”
四The transitional words and phrases used in an argumentative writing include to begin with ,first ,next, because, since, more important, furthermore , besides, etc Eg
An earlier age of retirement has certain advantages A More opportunities for jobs for younger people B Ambitious younger workers would be reach the top without a lot of older people blocking the way.五A good topic sentence of an argumentative eay ought to be clear and to the point.It can be placed at the beginning or in the middle or at the end of a paragraph.Eg School athletes should take part in school sports but should not be excused from taking a full schedule of other subjects.Athletes should not base all their hopes on having sports careers.Dr Brown , the distinguished basketball star, pointed out that all school athletes should prepare for an alternative career ,because sports life is not long and mostly, only a small number of these athletes might succeed in this career …….六Eg As Profeor Hones points out that in an increasingly technological society, some form of tertiary training is fast becoming eential.Experimental work undertaken in this country suggests that…….
How to Organize an argument 怎样组织论点
A good argument has to be effectively organized so that your reader can follow the chain of argument and convinced by it.In academic writing two methods are commonly used.They are called the deductive method and the inductive method.When we use the deductive method, the main statement is made at the beginning followed by a supporting statement or statements.When we use the inductive method it is effective to outline the evidence first and present the main the point last as a conclusion.Eg Ask most people what causes strikes and they will probably say: more money.In fact, there are many causes of strikes.Moreover, a single strike could have a number of causes rather than a single cause.Obviously, the demand of more money is a major cause of strikes.A second cause is the demand for improving working conditions.But “working conditions” covers many things.It includes the physical environment of the workplace, such as the quality of eating and recreational facilities, together with the safety and cleanline of the workplace itself.“working conditions” also includes the psychological climate of the workplace.
2 Quite often when a strike is called the official reason given is inadequate pay.But industrial psychologists have found that this may be disguising the real reasons.Such reasons might be the unpleasant attitude of a supervisor or a company official, or it might be the tedium of highly repetitive work.Furthermore, the workers themselves may not be aware of “hidden” reason.They may only be aware of general diatisfaction, and “inadequate pay” may just be a convenient excuse for expreing that diatisfaction.In addition to expreing diatisfaction, strikes have the effect of breaking the monotony of repetitive work.In conclusion, although demanding for more money is usually the main reason of strikes, there are also some other reasons.
How to refute an argument 怎样反驳论点
If there were no evidence for an alternative point of view, there would be no need for argument.A good argument always takes the opposing point of view seriously.If this were not the case, the argument would be more like a quarrel, consisting of the exchange of opinions and prejudices without support from evidence or reasoning.When you are writing, your refutation should do one of the following: Re—state the opinion Correct your opponent’s facts(修正或者改正对方的观点) Deny that counterargument is related to the topic否认驳论与主题有关 Indicate that the counterargument is insufficient(指出驳论不足)
When you want to refute an argument, you need to restate the opinion, so the person you are writing to can understand.To show that we don’t personally hold the opinions we intend to refute, we often write as reported speech Eg 1 Some people aert that all pop music is rubbish.2 It is ridiculous to say that English ought to be taught everywhere 3 It used to be stated that there were jobs which women were physically incapable of doing
Your opponent’ facts ---Some people say that cutting trees harms the environment and destroys valuable natural resources.Your correction--- Selective harvesting is actually good for forests and for people because it increases productivity and provides jobs and timber.Deny that the counterargument is related to the topic When the topic is something about “insufficient public transportation” and the writer’s purpose is to persuade people to agree with the idea of changing and expanding the bus system ,but the writer talks a lot about the nice drivers and free fare for university students, it shows that his argument is irrelevant.You can write : “Although nice drivers and free fare for students is true, it is not related to the topic.”
Indicate that the counterargument is insufficient Write a statement for each statement to show that the following ideas are insufficient 1 Cutting trees causes erosion and landslides, and destroys natural resources.2 Cars are very convenient.It can be fairly quick to send you to anywhere you want to go.
推荐第9篇：雅思
It is generally acknowledged that the relationship among family members is now not as close as it used to be.Give poible reasons and your recommendation.
With the advent of new era, family relationship seems do not get as much attention from family members as it did in the past.What factors lead to this phenomenon and what we can do to solve this problem has become a concern to many people.In my view, the following reasons should be taken into consideration.
The causes are multiple.In the first place, people nowadays are living with heavy stre from all the directions.Worse still, instead of sharing happine and sorrow with families, people prefer to turn to alcohol or gambling to get spiritual consolation.In the second place, the high proportion of time spent surfing the internet leads them neglect their mutual feelings, thereby increasing the chances of being isolated and lonely.In addition, due to the overcrowded downtown and acceible transport, people are more likely to live in outskirts which are far away from their relatives’ houses; therefore, posing a threat to reinforce the family bond.
Given the severity of this phenomenon, we have no alternative but to take immediate steps to addre this situation.First of all, people should be encouraged to communicate with families more frequently, especially through face-to-face talk.Only in this way can our people bridge the generation gap and remove the misunderstandings.Second, it is neceary for the families to get together regularly, not only in the forms of family dinner, but also those kinds of outdoor activities.If so, the whole family can benefit.Last but not least, it is our authorities’ obligation to offer family claes aiming to strengthen the relationships of family members, such as how to deal with the family conflicts and how to balance mutual needs.
In short, this disturbing problem is attributed to many factors and I believe with the joint efforts from individuals and the government, it can be eventually resolved.
推荐第10篇：雅思
雅思考试介绍：备考流程
有不少烤鸭在介绍自己的备考经验时号称自己只准备半个月甚至一周，那不是不可能，但是那些人本身英语底子就不错，再加上看看机经，通过短期复习拿到高分也很正常，但是这些人毕竟是少数，而备考半年甚至一年履战履败的大有人在。千万别相信培训机构的保分承诺，纯粹胡扯。所以对于一个菜鸟而言，如果想踏踏实实从基础开始抓起雅思备考至少需要4个月的时间。
Step1：重中之重------词汇、语法
根据本人在论坛混迹多年的经验发现许多考生普遍觉得雅思考试难就难在时间不够，作文来不及写，阅读来不及做，而听力和口语方面因为有无忧雅思机经和预测的帮助，对这两项考试应该还是很有信心的。阅读来不及做题主要体现在：碰到难词卡住了以致于不能快速阅读原文，碰到复杂句难以理解以致于不能快速定位。这些都影响了考生在阅读考试中做题速度。对于基础环节比较差的考生而言，在培训班中所学到的雅思技巧恰恰又成为了这些考生的绊脚石，如果连快速阅读都成了问题，又怎么能指望通过那些复杂而又混沌的雅思技巧来取得高分呢？这些技巧都是英语好的人后来才总结出来的，而且这些技巧在各大雅思学校向来没有统一的说法，并不适合基础差的学生。所以，词汇和语法才是备考雅思这种能力型考试的重中之重。
其实语法在高中老师就已经教的很透彻了，但是进入大学以后相信也没有几个人再认真看过这些语法，其实雅思考试中的对语法的要求并不高于在高中所学的语法水平，所以备考雅思的首要阶段是把高中的语法再温习一边，市面上语法书不少，《薄冰语法》写的很不错，但是我觉得太多了，认真看完至少半个月时间，最好是买本中学的语法书，简单明了。市面上有一本由亚历山大撰写，薄冰翻译的《朗文语法》也不错，在复习语法方面我的观点是例句重于理论，也就是理论方面可以大致看看，语法书上的例句一定要反复体会。另外《雅思阅读长句难句闯关》也值得推荐。
词汇方面也多次强调过，雅思并没有公布过大纲词汇，对外透露的真题也很少，你们看一下机经就知道了雅思官方在市面上公开的真题只占了机经题库的一小部分，因为雅思的真题原文不可能完全破解，真题词汇也就无法统计，所以雅思考试并无真正意义上的核心词汇、高频词汇、高分词汇等说法。市面上的雅思词汇书均是撰写者自己对雅思词汇的总结，且市面上大部分的雅思词汇书都是根据46级词汇和机经上的生词总结。但是从雅思官方对外公开出版的《剑桥雅思》系列，《雅思透析》系列、《如何准备雅思》、《雅思样题》等书中不难发现，不管是听力阅读还是写作，其原文中所运用的到单词中，46级词汇占了95%，所以个人一直推荐《星火46级》来当作备考雅思的最佳词汇书，学有余力的考生甚至可以把《星火考研词汇》背了，与46级相比也就再差1000个单词而已，另外新东方的网络课堂《赵丽速记》也可以帮助你快速有效的掌握大学词汇。如果你已经通过大学英语46级考试，完全可以不去背雅思词汇，直接跳到Step2来准备。
Step 2：不要忙着做题，先听写
雅思考试以英音为主，以英音为主的听写材料是BBC，新概念英音版(就是最新版)，还有就是剑桥出版的真题系列。BBC、新概念虽然不错，但是BBC中的用词太过于正式，不贴近生活，雅思考试的题材恰恰与生活学习有关，历史政治题材很少考到，就算考到也不会想BBC那么正式；新概念句式过于复杂，要想听写完也是很受罪的事情，只适合背诵以提高写作，所以对于雅思考生而言最好的听写素材非雅思真题原文莫属。市面上的剑桥出版的雅思真题有：《剑桥雅思12345》、《雅思透析
1、2》、《如何准备雅思》、《雅思样题
1、2》等等，另外澳方IDP出版的《101》《202》《404》也是很好的听写素材。做过真题的人应该知道每个Version分4Section,Section1-Section4的难度依次递增，Section
1、Section
2、Section3以对话形式出现，都较为简单，考生普遍能跟上，而Section 4则偏难，Section4的10题都作对的人很少。所以如果你想快速突破听力，只听写每个Version的Section4可视为捷径，至于到底要听写多少Section4以个人承受能力而定，但是个人觉得听写完8个Section是最低底线。你可以用Sitaman PC复读机这个软件一句句听写甚至一个短语一个短语的听写，但是不管你怎么听写都不要事先看原文，实在听写不下来再试着偷看一眼。
Step 3：配合雅思技巧演练剑桥真题，但是只做听力和阅读
市面上的真题在上文中已经提到，在这里就不多说了，如果你??了解可以去参加培训班，但是切忌不要急于爽快交钱，先试着听一节课试试，体验一下老师的教学效果，确定了到底是哪些老师授课以后再交钱。在刚开始做阅读时可以不计时间，先保证做题质量，等掌握规律后再注意计时。另外，每次做完一套阅读，不要急于做下一套，要记得作总结，最好做完一套阅读就把原文再精读，确定原文完全看懂之后在做下一套阅读。听力也是，每做完一个Version都要善于总结，了解错在哪里，在做下一套听力时加以留意。
Step 4：背诵范文和套句。
在论坛的搜索栏随便搜搜就能放出很多经典范文和套句来，《写作机经》上也有不少套句和范文值得背诵，另外新概念34和新东方的《现代文背诵篇章》也是很好的背诵范文。不管背哪些，背诵20篇足够了。
雅思（International English Language Testing System，简称IELTS）是由英国文化委员会（The British Council）、剑桥大学地方考试委员会（CUCLES）和澳大利亚教育国际开发署（IDP Education Australia）共同举办的国际英语水平测试。此项考试是为申请赴英联邦国家（英国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰等）留学、培训的非英语国家学生而设，用来评定考生运用英语的能力。现在许多英联邦国家对申请本国技术移民的人士也采用这项考试，作为申请人英语能力达标的认证。
雅思考试包括四个部分，依次为听力、阅读、写作和口语，考试时间共2小时45分钟。每一部分都独立评分，四部分得分的平均分作为考生的雅思综合得分（小数部分取舍到最近的一分或半分，即如果平均分为6.125分，雅思得分算作6分）。成绩单上将列出考生每一部分的得分，同时给出考生的综合得分。雅思考试满分为9分。考试成绩一般在考试后一个月内通知考生。
以下为雅思考试各部分的时间分配及基本内容安排：
听力：时间30分钟。考生根据听到的录音内容（一般分四部分）回答约四十个问题，形式有多项选择、完成句子、填空等。
阅读：考试时间60分钟。考生须阅读三篇文章，回答约四十个问题。难易程度依次排列，即第一篇最容易，第三篇最难。
写作：时间60分钟。考生须写两篇文章。第一篇要求150个单词以上，第二篇要求250个单词以上。对第二篇的要求较高，占分比例也较大。
口语：考试时间为10 - 15分钟。由剑桥大学考试委员会认证的考官主考。一般由考官提问，考生回答一些基本问题或者讨论某个问题。整个会话过程将通过录音备案。
雅思考试分为学术类（Academic Module）和普通培训类（General Training Module）两种。两种类型的听力和口语两部分采用同一试卷，阅读和写作两部分采用不同的试卷，学术类试题比普通培训类试题的难度略高。一般来说，申请学习正规课程（如高等院校学位课程）者应参加学术类考试；申请非正规课程或非学位课程者以及移民申请者，只需参加普通培训类考试，考生在选择考试种类时应对此加以注意。 雅思的听力、阅读和写作三部分考试在上午进行，口语考试在下午或第二天进行，四项考试考生必须全部参加。雅思成绩单一般在考试后一个月至三个月内发出，有效期两年。目前雅思考试费为人民币1150元。
雅思考试没有次数上的限制。考生如果对考试成绩不满意，可以选择再考，但两次考试时间相隔不能少于三个月。 雅思考试自1990年4月开始在中国推广，英国大使馆文化教育处专门设有考试部，负责雅思工作。目前在中国设有固定考点十几个，北京和上海每月举办一次考试，北京还经常需要加试。其他地区每两三个月举办一次。浙江省考生可以去上海或杭州参加考试。
雅思考试流程 1.上午9:15-9:30 AM 考试人员解说考试注意事项及考试流程。 2.听力考试30分钟 听力考试：先由考生将自己认为正确的答案作笔录。录音播放结束后，允许考生用10分钟时间将答案填在标准彩色答案卡上。此部分有4小部分，共40题左右，每节有10个问题，包括填空及选择等。播音时，每次有约10秒的停顿，考生应先看问题，后听录音。 3.体息5分钟，但不得离开考场。
4.阅读考试60分钟 阅读考试： 考生阅读文章并将答案填入试卷上。有2或3篇阅读文章，约40个问题。试题包括填充、选择题、是非题（回答True, False或not Given） 等。供阅读的文章较长，内容多，不可能精读，要快速读出大意和文章中的数字、名字、时间，注意上下文的意思，要特别注意控制时间，遇到不会做的题目，先略过此题做下一题，有时间再回头做。 5.休息10分钟，可以离场。 6.写作考试60分钟 写作考试：通常第一篇字数至少150个字，花20分钟；第二篇字数至少250字，约花40分钟，字数不可太多或太少，否则会扣分。 7.口语考试15分钟 口试的考试时间会在公告板上公布，并列出考生在何时与哪一位考官负责。考生必须在所列的时间前报到。考试时间一般在当天下午2:00或第二天。 口试考试：考生必须在口试开始前先填好考试表交给考官。
考官可能会安排如下内容：
1.考官会根据考生填写的个人资料表简单问候，同时将要求考生简单描述家庭背景。
2.主考人员会抽一张角色扮演卡，要求考生根据扮演的角色问问题。3.主考人员会要求考生讲出未来计划。
第11篇：雅思
词汇：建议使用《剑桥雅思词汇精典》 吴建业 外研社
练习：剑桥雅思1—7（1-3的题型虽然老了，但是其难度水平还是很值得我们操练的）。其他的所谓真题就不用看了，没有多少借鉴意义。 阅读强化：《无词阅读法》 祁连山 中国水利水电出版社
《雅思阅读真经》 刘洪波 中国广播电视出版社
听力强化：个人觉得没有什么好的参考书目。有一个好的方法：听写剑桥雅思4-7的听力的听力稿这是唯一既能够提高听力准确性有提高听写速度的方法，对于口语和词汇也有帮助。 口语：《十天突破雅思口语》 慎小嶷 机械工业出版社
《生而为赢》 群言出版社(里面的发音非常标准，是美式发音，这个要注意雅思并不是规定只能用英式发音的) 写作：图表题可以使用《剑桥图表》；论述题《品读剑桥》这两本书直接在百度上找就是了 再有就是自己好好学士最重要的，没有捷径可言。祝楼主一考就过！
《新托业听力详解及实战试题》 《新托业考试官方指南—听力·阅读》 新托业考试语法和词汇详解及实战试题》 《新托业阅读详解及实战试题》 用到的备考资料包括： 新托业考试官方指南标准试卷
新托业听力详解及实战试题(人大14套) 新托业全真题库Part1,2,3,4/新托业全真题库Part5,6/新托业全真题库Part7 由于时间原因，人大那套试题只做了一半，其他的资料都在考前做完了。 一些体会大家参考一下：
1.虽然有人讲toeic没有真正意义上的官方指南，但这本OG跟真题在出题思路和题目难度上非常接近。大家可以以这本书题目的深度去衡量其他的参考资料，如果遇到那种绕弯子明显过多的资料就可以果断放弃了。OG的听力的朗读者和真题也是同一拨人，可以在考前提前熟悉这些人的口语发音习惯和语速。个人感觉真正机考时的语速和OG相当或者稍慢。 2.备考过程中我比较重视听力。人大这套题在语速和难度上要比真题稍高，比较适合前期练耳朵和提高反应能力。听力朗读者口音比较杂一点，其中有个女性的澳洲口音一度令我比较崩溃，前几套基本要错20+，后期基本稳定在15左右。考前甚至听澳洲音也舒服了许多，真题中倒是没有出现这类口音问题。相对于后面的全真题库一书我比较推荐这一本，习惯了这本书后再去做真题就会很轻松了，只是一定要有动辄错十几二十个的心理承受能力。 3.看到不少人推荐全真题库Part1,2,3,4。理由是难度和真题接近，语速也稍慢。但是我对这本书感觉实在一般。朗读者跟真题的风格相去甚远不说，题目难度也参差不齐。有时候对完答案感觉十分无语。其中一些题目甚至需要一定的办公室背景知识，对于没有坐班经历的我来说就只能呵呵了。有时题目设置的细节问题在对话的开始，而开始的几句话我还在寻找对应的场景，根本顾不上细节信息。由于对人名职位这些信息不太敏感，遇到考察这些信息的也比较头疼。不过，书后的19天词汇表对于熟悉常见单词和各种听力场景还是有比较大的帮助的。
4.全真题库Part5,6要严格按书上要求卡20分钟来完成。题目难度和真题接近或稍简单，真题中考察词汇要比考察语法的多，另外还有几道考察时态和语态的题目。Part6完型部分要注意一些书面习惯表达形式。例如：enclosed is…/in an unlikely event of …/this is to inform you that…平时在国内较少接触英文材料，这些问题只要稍加注意就能形成记忆，不至于在考试中丢分。强烈建议做完这部分的题目后整理错题本，把没见过的词汇和短语抄写下来时时翻看。
5.全真题库Part7也要卡在50分钟内完成。做这部分题的目的并不在于去揣度真题的难度，而在于熟悉各种场景。遇到一篇新的文章，读了前几句迅速识别出它的文体属性，是属于通知，e-mail,备忘录，广告，或者优惠券。一旦定位到常用的文体，就可以把考虑的范围缩小。套用平时训练中遇到的场景，结合题干和快速查找关键词，无需通读全文就能在短时间内完成阅读题目。运用这一方法一般整个笔试可以在55分钟左右完成。实际机考时我是1小时完成，余下15分钟检查漏题。
另外，考前建议大家去托业模考网进行一下机考模拟，熟悉一下流程。同时官网也有流程说明的flash供下载。 机考过程
考试是在南京农业大学进行的，考场硬件条件不错。联想的品牌机，4:3的液晶显示屏，鼠标带滚轮，比较好用。耳麦竟和自己电脑上配的一样，感觉非常亲切。考生之间有临时加装的隔板，完全不用担心听力干扰问题。只是电脑的电源在脚下方，考试中要小心不要踢到。机考需要携带贴有2寸照片和签过字的准考证，身份证，和一张同底照片，照片背面写上姓名、身份证号和注册号后两位。8:20允许进场，拍完照交过证件就可以坐在座位上了。可以先不着急进场，去下卫生间。因为出来后再进还要拍照。
考试大概是9:05开始，先是10分钟的试音和填写国籍语言代码，倒数完成后直接跳转到听力考试，所有题目乱序显示。做完后自动跳转不能回头查看修改。听力结束后直接进入阅读部分，中间无等待。
这次考试总体感觉还可以。听力部分相对比较简单，尤其是一贯作为重点的part
3、4。以下是一些个人感受，大家酌情参考吧。 1.Part1中图片为黑白的，显示清晰。不会像pdf资料中那样模糊不清。错误选项一般设置的也比较明显。
2.听Part2时切忌走神，之前做题时一般到第30题左右会疲劳放松，结果错一些不该错的题。听的时候一定要重点关照开始的疑问词（特殊疑问句）。
3.Part
3、4时候听到question 41 through 43 refer to the following…时一定要快速扫一下3道问题的题干部分。实际考试时发现这段文字要比平时练习资料中念得慢一些，所以预读的时间会稍稍充裕。我的经验是，如果有看到where、when、who时证明题目要考查细节，听的时候就要特别关注相应的细节信息。而看到what，往往考察的是文章大意。预读完之后我习惯于不再看屏幕，而专心听录音，这样获得的信息量往往比较完整。 4.part
5、6一贯是我的强项，印象中没有遇到太多问题。Part6习惯只读出现填空的句子。 5.part7难度不大，所有的文体、场景都在之前提到的资料中遇到过，所要做的就是尽可能的快速识别场景加上关键词定位而不需要全文阅读浪费时间。题目选项中同义转述和原文复现的都有，原文复现的情形较多。值得一提的是机考中文章和题目分栏显示，各自都有进度栏，做题时一定要确保进度栏做到底，切忌漏做。所有题目完成后右上角会有items review的选项，可以查看是不是有漏题。不可以提前交卷，时间一到系统会自动提交。考试最后五分钟屏幕会出现提示。
最后希望大家能够沉下心来，认真备考。虽然toeic考试整体难度不大，但是和国内英语考试相比更加重视对语言的灵活运用。Toeic中的英语是我们生活中的，每天都会遇到的，而且应该是能够信手拈来的。相信通过不懈的努力，找到适合自己的方法，每个考生都能取得自己满意的成绩。如果这段文字能在大家的备考过程中有所裨益，那也是我非常高兴的事情。
第12篇：Shrhqa雅思写作课程教案
Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep
.-- Shakespeare
IELTS Writing
雅思写作
课程教案
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Department
Heilongjiang University
第13篇：雅思写作
一.大作文模板
1.直接表述观点
Well, do you think people can tell you their real thoughts just through phone? Without person-to-person contact, it is unlikely for you to
dig deep into their minds and unlikely to get truth.
大部分情况下，英文是首句中心句，段落其他部分是支持中心句的内容，所以听到首句就是主要意思，因此这种模式相对简单，表示观点的词，比如赞成(support, be for …,go for… be on the side of…, quite agree with…)，中立( mutual, just so so, you can try it, not the best)，反对( not good, be against…, not recommend…, better avoid …)，喜欢(be favor of, like, prefer)，一般态度(it’s ok, but…)，不喜欢(dislike)，必须( must, it is neceary…)，依情况而定( it depends)，没必要( not
neceary)，等等。{来源：考{试大}
2.直接观点表达
Another hazard for your back are the shock waves which travel up your spine when you walk, known as heel strike.A real find for our patients has been the shock-absorbing shoe insert.A cheap but very
effective solution.——支持
Finally, a word about the state-of-the-art relief- the TENS machine-a small battery-powered gadget which delivers subliminal electrical pulses to the skin.Our experience indicates that your money is better spent on
the more old-fashioned remedies.——反对
It can be useful to get special orthopaedic chairs, but remember the most important improvement should be in OUR posture.——中立Though absolutely flat shoes can be a solution for some, others find
their posture suffers——中立
二.小作文模板
雅思写作考试部分里，往往我们可以采纳“老三段”式的写法，以不变应万变，不论是线图，柱图，表格，饼图，亦或是流程图，我们都可以采用此种方式完成第一部分的作文。那么老三段式的经典写法中，强调着第一段“开门见山”介绍出本文讨论内容，即改写题目。将必要内容进行改写，这样可以获得高分效应。第二段“丰实的内容”尽量多地将图表中的信息表达明确，不时的需要我们之前总结的常用表达（敬请参见前几篇文章关于雅思作文经典表达介绍文章）。第三段也就是文章的最后一段，对全文进行一个总结概括即可。
五分表达：考试大论坛
The chart depicts （that）…该图呈现出…
The chart shows （that）…
The figures/statistics show （that）…
The diagram reveals …
The chart illustrates （that）…
六分表达：
The graph provides some interesting data regarding…该图为我们提供了有关…有趣数据。
The graph describes the trend of …这个图描述了…的趋势
As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the chart/diagram/chart/table…如图所示…
According to the chart …根据这些表格…
As is shown in the table…如图所示…
This table shows the changing proportion of A and B from … to …该表格描述了…年到…年之间A与B的比例关系。
This graph，presented in the chart，shows the general trend in…该图呈现了…总的趋势。
As can be seen from the graph， the two graphs show the flutuation of…如图所示，两条曲线描述了…的波动情况。
高分表达：
From the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that…从图表中我们可以很清楚的看到…
The chart shows the changes in the number of …over the period from…to…该表格描述了在…年到…年之间…数量的变化。
第14篇：雅思写作
It is often said that the subjects taught in schools are too academic in orientation and that would be mire useful for children to learn about practical matters such as home management, work and interpersonal skills.To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Model answer:
There has always been more to learn than schools have time to teach, so inevitably some things and subjects that are considered to be le important must be left out.Has the education system become too focused on academic subjects, leaving our children without key practical skills? Many people argue that schools should focus on teaching academic subjects whilst more practical, non-academic ones should be learn outside school, especially in the home from parents do not have sufficient practical skills themselves.Therefore, they can’t automatically be expected to pa these skills on to their children.The second thing is that there is not necearily a clear division between academic subjects and practical skill that is useful both in the academic world and in the workplace.The ability to manage household finances is a practical skill that uses an academic subject (mathematics).
Both practical skills and academic skills can be learnt outside school.However, academic subjects are le likely to be learnt outside the formal education system simply because most children do not want to spend their evenings and weekends on learning more than their teachers have
told then about such topics.It should be noted that free time activities such as playing sports, listening to music and watching TV can help children learn about practical matters.Team sports encourage children to cooperate.Listening to music can inspire children to learn to play musical instruments.Many TV programs teach people about real life and help them to develop practical skills, such as cooking and how to deal with money.
In conclusion, I believe that schools should focus more on academic subjects, but that the relevance of these to everyday life can be emphasized by teachers.It would help if we were more careful about making such a big distinction between academic subjects and practical abilities.
第15篇：雅思写作
Topic: Should college students be allowed to get married?
There is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today whether college students should be allowed to get married.Some time ago, the ban was lifted by some universities on students getting married.To this people’s attitudes differ sharply.Some hold the positive view.They say that most college students are adults and that it is a basic right for those who have reached the appropriate ages to get married.Besides, they argue that with their biological and emotional needs met, these students will study better.The ban on this means a severe violation of human rights.
Many others, however, hold the negative opposite view.They claim that the university or college is a place to study instead of a community to lead family life.Allowing college students to get married would adversely affect their study.For instance, they would spend too much time attending their family and love, unable to concentrate on their school work.As far as I am concerned, weighing the arguments of both sides, I believe that college students should not be allowed to get married.Though mostly adults, they are actually immature psychologically.Their wishes to get married are, more often than not, impulses.Besides, as students, they are not ready to support a family financially.
第16篇：雅思写作
Topic: Memorization of information by frequency repetition(rote learning) plays a role in education system to what extend do you agree or disagree.
Learning is a complex proce that involves different strategies and stages.As a key approach of learning, memorization of information by repetition contributes to the overall effectivene of an education system.But we should also admit that rote learning has a number of limitations.
Learning by repetition is an effective strategy in learning.For example, Chinese people believe that one will get the gist of a book after reading it for a hundred times.Researchers have found that rote learning is particularly useful for young learners.When teaching children how to use a computer, instructors show them over and over again until they can perform tasks correctly.Moreover, for certain kinds of learning at early stage, the understanding involved is often minimal.Naturally rote learning aumes an important role.
However, we need to bear in mind that meaningful learning is more eential for our education system.When students grow older and enter higher grades, the scope and depth of their learning grow.Surely rote learning can help students learn knowledge by heart but it could do little to improve their analyzing ability and creativity.There has been strong criticism that some schools overemphasize the importance of memorization of knowledge and produce students with great weaknees in applying knowledge in practice.Solution for such problem could be that schools and students put in more effort into meaningful learning.
To conclude, learning is a complex progre and students employ different strategies at various stages.Rote learning is important in education system, but meaningful learning is more critical for students in obtaining advanced ability and skills.
第17篇：雅思口语
Describe a film/your favourite film
I watched a movie called “A world without thieves” when I was a freshman.One of my favourite stars, Liu Ruoying, acts the leading role in it.This is a reason I love the film.Beside, the plot is thrilling and funny.
The story took place on a train.Liu and her boyfriend were both living by stealing.This time they didn’t steal, but to protect a young man from being stolen.Since Liu was going to give birth to the baby, they did this to accumulate virtue for their baby.Finally, they succeed, and the young man was safe to arrive with his money.But Liu’s boyfriend died in the contest with another thief.When he was dying, he sent a short meage to Liu, saying ”Wait for me, and give birth to my baby.”
Two month paed, the police she had met on the train told her the truth.On hearing this, she couldn’t help weeping.Every time I watched this scene, I would be moved by the love between Liu and her boyfriend
Describe an interesting news
Recently, I’ve read a news about the education department announced that the revolution about English college entrance examination.As a student,
第18篇：雅思写作
Topic: People can go to shop, bank and work with computer.But the danger of the computer is people are getting isolated and losing some social skills.To what extent do you agree with this opinion?
The progreion of computer is inevitable and undeniable.Nowadays computers also have become a part of our daily life.Instead of leaving home to go to shop bank and work people can do these at home by clicking the buttons.However, some people hold the opinion that it will cause people isolated from each other and lose social skills.
Personally I find it hard for me to agree with this opinion by following reasons.
In the first instance, computers are tool to communication with people instead of isolation from the world.When we say a person is isolated it means that he is lonely and cut off the world.However, people seldom have this feeling while they are surfing the Internet.On the contrary, people tend to make more friends through the net
Secondly, people also can acquire social skills on Internet.Communication on Internet has the same purpose as face-to-face communication has.For example, through Internet we can send greeting cards to our friends.Furthermore, sometimes it might be a better way of communication on some occasions such as when you find it embarraing to say sorry face to face we can send a meage of apology to your friend.
Last but not least, doing something through Internet actually spares more time for our social life.Sometime we need to spend a lot of time shopping in department stores.Now we can save the time and may visit our friends.
In general, computer just make our life more colorful so we don\'t need to worry about the changes its may bring to us.Especially most of these changes are positive.
第19篇：雅思作文
Recent decades have witneed a major transformation in the way we communicate and live due to developments in modern science and technology.It raises concern about whether traditional cultures will be substituted by the overwhelming tide.I am inclined to the view that traditional cultures is far from extinction and it even conversely helps us make decisions for the proper use of new technologies.
It is undeniable that conventional ways of life still acce to the majority of people in spite of the highly advanced and available technology of internet.Most Chinese would prefer an authoritative newspaper and enjoy a cup of tea after all-day’s working in order to involve in up-to-date coverage.In this informative era, coverage on the internet is usually regarded as unreliable and inauthentic because of the relatively weak censorship.
Furthermore, traditional values and ethics can be a brief guidance towards newly technologies.Without a correct awarene of how we should make use of modern technologies to facilitate our ways of life, any individual, no matter how knowledgeable and profeional he might be on these techniques, is still likely to be led to a blind alley and do something detrimental to the society.One case to be illustrated is the producer of a kind of computer virus called “xiongmao shaoxiang”, who made this virus on purpose simply “out of unemployment”.It was reported that this computer virus had infected thousands of company networks between the year 2006 and 2007 and consequently gave rise to millions of lo on them.
Admittedly, some outcomes of traditional cultures are confronted with crisis.Take the U.S.Postal Service as an example.The once one of the oldest institutions in America is teetering on the edge of collapse as handwriting communicating has been replaced by emails, text maages and social media.Having said this however, this traditional form of communication dose exist even if it will never prevalent again.
To conclude, I am convinced that it is traditional cultures that are hardly replaced by the advanced technology.Meanwhile, most of them deserve better preserve for their conductive effect on modern techniques.
第20篇：雅思作文
Inter-culture
Nowadays, with the development of technology, international trade becomes more and more popular, meanwhile multinational corporation emerges as the times require.Therefore, in order to perform succefully in the global trade, an international manager plays an important role.
Everyone has his own idea.Each international manager has his different attitudes to the local culture.Some managers think that their native culture is superior, and oppose everything foreign blindly.Some believe that it doesn’t matter whether respect the local culture or not.The others support that they should pay more attention to the culture and learn to accept it.
In my opinion, to be a succeful manager, he or she not only needs to know well about the indigenous culture, but also needs to learn the foreign culture thoroughly.From the perspective of profeion, the international manager should respect the local culture both at home and abroad..As a succeful international manager, valuing the local culture has a lot of benefits.Firstly, it can be convenient for communication with the local staff, strengthen the unity of staff, so that the international manager can implement his ideas effectively.Secondly, absorbing the merits of native culture will make the cro nation busine become more frequently.There’s a saying, “When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do”.Respecting the local culture can establish close relation with the local elite, foster diversified enterprise atmosphere, and create better efficiency.Thirdly, it can avoid management crisis caused by cultural misunderstanding.
To sum up, valuing the local culture is of crucial importance for the international manager.Only when the manager of a corporation learns to respect and understand the local culture, his company can facilitate better life in guest country.
With the improvement of people’s living standard, computer is becoming more and more popular.It has become a tool for work, communication and information exchange frequently in our daily life, so its demand is increasing rapidly.The Chinese government has implemented the following measures to copy with this situation:The first is exchanging old computer as a trade-in for a new one.Through this measure, the old computers can be recycled and sometimes their components can be reused, so it is helpful for environmental protection and resource conservation.Besides, usually the new computer bought in this way is much cheaper, so it can help people save a lot of money.The second is cutting the price.With the decreasing of price, more and more people can afford to buy a computer, so as to promote the popularization of computers.The third is paying in installment.Since people can pay the cost for a computer in installment, more and more people will choose to buy the latest one, which usually have the best functions that can facilitate their work.Besides, this measure also can alleviate people’s economic burden for they don’t need to make payment in one time.
