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九年级英语下册教案模板(精选多篇)

发布时间:2020-04-18 13:48:23 来源:教案模板 收藏本文 下载本文 手机版

推荐第1篇:九年级英语下册unit1教案[材料]

九年级英语下册Unit1教案

Life on Mars Checkout Teaching aims: To review key vocabulary and programmer items taught in this unit.

To give students the opportunity to practice the programmer and vocabulary items,and to gain confidence through doing so .To allow students to check their progre and ask any questions they may still have.Teaching importance To review key vocabulary and programmer items taught in this unit. Teaching difficulties:

To allow students to check their progre and ask any questions they may still have.Teaching aids: Multi-Media Teaching procedures: Step 1:Revision Revise the use of can, could ,may, might and object clause.Step2:Exercise 1.Explain the context of Part A.Simon is dreaming about going into space.2.Ask students to read through the text .Then ask them to complete the sentences using the grammar items learnt in the unit.Step 3:Revision Revise the vocabulary in the unit.Step4:Exercise

1.Tell the students that in Part B they have to rearrange the letters to form words.2.Ask the students to unscramble as many words as they can without looking at the previous pages.When they have done as much as they can ,ask them to refer to the Vocabulary section on page 8 for extra help.3.Ask students to volunteer answers.

Ask another student to write the words on the board as they are read out.Students

then write their scores in the paw.Step 5 Homework 1.Ricite the context of this unit .2 Draw a picture of what you think an alien looks like.And then write a guide to living on Mars in 2100.

推荐第2篇:九年级下册教案

第一课、诗两首 我爱这土地 [教学目标] 1.能有感情地诵读诗歌,感受本诗的节奏,理解体味本诗的意境和深刻的意蕴。 2.赏析诗歌富有表现力的诗句,把握诗歌的象征手法及巧妙的抒情方式。 [相关资料] 1.作者介绍

艾青:1910—1996原名蒋海澄,浙江金华人,现代诗人;主要诗集有:《大堰河》《旷野》《火把》《欢呼集》《春天》《归来的歌》《艾青诗选》《艾青短诗选》等等。 2.时代背景

《我爱这土地》写于1938年,当时是抗日战争爆发的初期,东北早已沦丧,华北、华东、华南也已遭日寇铁蹄的践踏,中国人民奋起反抗,进行了不屈不挠的斗争,诗人看到当时的形势,心中充满了对祖国深沉的爱和对侵略者切齿的恨,于是写下了这首慷慨激昂的诗。 [整体感知] 1.语知归类

①生字注音艾ài嘶sī哑yǎ ②词语积累

嘶哑:声音沙哑。汹涌:水猛烈地向上或向前翻滚。 2.理清思路文章层次如下:

第一节:用一只鸟儿生死眷恋土地作比喻,表达诗人对祖国的挚爱。 第二节:直抒胸臆,表明作者真挚、炽热的爱国之心。 3.讨论解惑

①“假如我是一只鸟,/我也应该用嘶哑的喉咙歌唱”,这两行诗作为《我爱这土地》的开头,为全诗定下了怎样的基调? 从四个歌唱对象前面的修饰词语看来,它们都是长期遭受风雨打击、悲愤满怀、奋力抗争的形象,与下文鸟儿献身于土地的精神正相吻合,这就强化了诗人所要表现的“爱土地”“爱祖国”的主题。 ②诗人用写实和象征的手法,描绘了一组鲜明的诗歌意象,分别赋予“大地”“河流”“风”“黎明”怎样不同的象征和暗示意味?

土地可以看作繁衍生长了中华民族的祖国大地的象征,“悲愤的河流”“激怒的风”可以看作中国人民不屈不挠的反抗精神的象征,“林间的无比温暖的黎明”可以看作充满生机与希望的解放区的象征。

③作者通过写鸟儿对土地的痴情,表达作者怎样的感情?如何理解“然后我死了/连羽毛也腐烂在土地里面”?表达作者愿为祖**亲奉献一切的赤子衷情。 ④《我爱这土地》的第二节与第一节有着怎样的联系? 如果说第一节是对“爱土地(祖国)”主题的抒情性的铺陈描述,第二节短小精悍的两行则可看作是对主题的高度凝练的概括。 ⑤这首诗在写作上有何艺术特色?

首先意象内涵丰富,象征手法恰当。其次抒情方式巧妙,感情表达分层强化。运用比喻借物抒情,这是抒情方式的巧妙;又用一系列描摹土地、河流等景观的长句,加上一系列的修饰语,这是第三层强化。 [课堂小结] 本节课主要弄清以下三点:①理解本诗作者所表达的强烈的爱国热情;②理解体味本诗的意境和深刻的意蕴;③把握诗歌的象征手法及巧妙的抒情方式。 乡愁

学习目标:以诵读为基础,介绍几种赏析,重在学生自己的感悟和理解。 重难点:对诗歌的理解 教学方法;诵读法 教学过程:

一、导入新课:播放《乡愁》朗读录音

二、作者介绍:

余光中:中国台湾诗人。福建永春人。先后在金陵大学(现南京大学)和厦门大学外文系学习。历任《蓝星》、《现代文学》等杂志的主编,著有长诗《天狼星》、诗集《蓝色的羽毛》、《天国夜市》等。此外尚有散文集、评论集多种。

三、整体感知

(1)阅读《乡愁》,首先呈现给读者的是四幅鲜明而又具体的生活画面。 第一小节:幼年求学,母子分离,借书信以慰别情; 第二小节:成年后,告别新婚妻子,离乡背井,天各一方;

第三小节:生离死别,母子不得相见;第四小节:同胞难得相聚,国家不能统一。 同时,读者可以感受到作者浓郁而又强烈的感情,诗人的乡思之愁不是直白地说出来的,而是通过联想、想象,塑造了四幅生活艺术形象,使之呈现在读者眼前。作者把对母亲、妻子、祖国的思念、眷念之情熔于一炉,表达出渴望亲人团聚、国家统一的强烈愿望。

阅读此诗,使我们感到回味无穷。本诗集单纯美与丰富美于一体,物象集中明朗,如邮票、船票、坟墓等,不枝不蔓,意境幽远深邃,内容丰富含蓄,能诱发读者多方面的联想。

(2)、诗的结构:以时间为顺序(即小时候、长大后、后来,而现在),以感情为线索,以大体相同的诗句和格式,反复咏叹,使情感逐层加深,由思乡、思亲升华达到思念祖国。诗歌的结构寓变化于统一之中,既有各小节的均衡、匀称,又有小节内长短句的变化,使诗的外形整齐中有参差之美。

诗歌有回环往复,一唱一叹的旋律。在同一位置上,有重复,即我在这头……,有叠词:小小、窄窄、矮矮、浅浅;有变换的量词:枚、张、方、湾。作者采用这些艺术手段加强了此诗的音韵之美。

总之,本诗以朴素、简明、隽永的语言,高超的艺术技巧,表达了台湾人民盼望海峡两岸统一的愿望,抒发了作者浓郁的乡思之情。

四、赏析

《乡愁》是一篇怀念祖国、渴望回归大陆的爱国诗章,它以民谣的歌调深沉而忧郁地倾诉了诗人对祖国统一的强烈愿望。短诗巧妙地运用了民歌中部分隔离反复的形式,叙述抒情主人公人生主要历程中的几段乡愁,最后一节轻轻一点:“而现在……”

诗人善于使用传统民歌的层递层进、互衬对比的手法。前三节诗逐层描绘了他幼年、成年、成年之后的三段生活经历,母子分离的乡愁,情侣难见的乡愁,皆由生活拮据造成。生离死别的乡愁,是由生命规律使然。三段乡愁写个人,却为写中华民族乡愁打好铺垫。最后一节,抒写的国愁才是全诗的主旨之所在。它唱出了几千万台湾同胞的赤子之心。

短诗在语言、节奏韵律的运用上也有独到之处。以“小小”、“窄窄”等分别形容邮票、船票,用得明了、形象、新鲜,加重了乡愁的浓重意味。总而言之,《乡愁》整首诗含蓄蕴藉,余韵绵绵,满纸是思念大陆的亲情,落叶归根的宿愿,已成为人们传诵的佳作。

五、难点分析

这首诗歌主要运用了意象的笔法。诗中主要设置了四个象征性的意象:

一是“小小的邮票”,它象征着作者少年时代乡愁的骨肉之情。母亲牵挂儿子,儿子想念母亲。 二是“一张窄窄的船票”,它象征着作者青年时代乡愁的恋人之情。这是青年男女之间的思恋和向往。

三是“一方矮矮的坟墓”,它象征着作者中年时代乡愁的生死之情。这是一种只能埋于心底、无法在两者之间传递的刻骨铭心的思念。墓里墓外虽只有咫尺,然而却又是那么遥远。 四是“一湾浅浅的海峡”,它象征着作者晚年时代乡愁的故国之情。海峡虽然“浅浅”,但是故国之情却是深不可测。而且,作者的情感是层层深入、步步递进,它绵远深长、回味不尽。作者“乡愁”的内涵和境界,随着自己的成熟和时代的发展,得到不断的深化和提升,从个人和家庭的亲情,扩展到海峡两岸的爱国之情。这就使“乡愁”具有了鲜明的时代色彩。

六、朗读比赛

七、小结课文

八、布置作业:背诵诗歌

第二课、我用残损的手掌 教学目标

1.了解戴望舒及其诗歌创作。2.理解诗中的艺术形象,把握诗歌的感情线索。3.感情背诵本诗。 能力目标

1.品味诗歌语言,深层体会变幻多姿的抒情风格。2.理解诗歌对比手法的运用及其表达效果。

3.培养学生解读诗歌意象的能力。 教学方法

1.诵读法通过反复诵读感悟诗歌的感情线索。

2.联想想象欣赏法引领学生理解诗中艺术形象蕴含的情感。

3.研讨点拨法用于对诗歌对比手法的运用及其表达效果的分析,深层把握诗歌主题。教学过程 [教学步骤]

一、戴望舒(1905~1950),原名戴梦鸥。浙江杭县人。诗集有《我的记忆》《望舒草》《望舒诗稿》和《灾难的岁月》。早年诗歌多写个人的孤寂心境,感伤气息较重,因受西方象征派的影响,意象朦胧、含蓄。后期诗歌表现了热爱祖国、憎恨侵略者的强烈感情。 《我用残损的手掌》作于1942年?月3日,是诗人在侵略者的铁窗下献给祖国的歌。

二、诵读,整体感知诗意

1.学生默读全诗。掌握下列字词。

锦幛(zhàng)荇藻(xìngzǎo)蓬蒿(Pénghāo)憔悴(qiáocuì):形容人瘦弱,面色不好看。 蝼蚁(lóuyī):“蝼蛄和蚂蚁,用来代表微小的生物,比喻力量薄弱或地位低微的人。 2.教师感情诵读,学生体会诗人的情感。

提示:这首诗语言口语化,押韵灵活错综,读起来有一种沉郁顿挫的音乐感.很确切地表现了诗人的情怀。诵读中要注意体会停顿和重音。 3.学生自由诵读,整体感知诗意。

思考:(1)诗歌从内容上分为两部分。每部分抒发了诗人怎样的情感? (2)体会诗人用“残损的手掌”“摸索”祖国土地时的种种感觉,说说诗人内心深处情感的变化起伏。

学生诵读体会后回答,教师适时点拨:

(1)第一部分表现对祖国命运的深切关注:虽然自己的手掌已经“残损”,却仍然要摸索祖国“广大的土地”.触到的只是“血和灰”,从而感觉到祖国笼罩在苦难深重的“阴暗”之中。第二部分写诗人的手终于摸到了“那辽远的一角”,即“依然完整”,没有为侵略者所蹂躏的解放区,诗人对这块象征着“永恒的中国”的土地,发出了深情赞美。

(2)诗人先是凄楚忧愤,转而热切期盼,对解放区寄予了民族复兴的希望。消极的、冷色调的前半部分与积极的、暖色调的后半部分形成明显对比,使作者的感情倾向更加鲜明。 4.学生集体朗读,整体领悟诗意。

四、精彩赏析,理解艺术形象 1.学生配乐诵读全诗.合作研讨:

(1)诗中两种不同的色调给读者以强烈刺激。请画出文中起标示作用的修饰语,体会其表达效果。

(2)这首诗描写的对象很多,而读起来却不觉芜杂,这是为什么? (3)诗歌两部分的写法各异,试作简要分析。

(1)积极的、暖色调的词语如:新生、辽远、温暖、明亮、坚固、蓬勃、永恒…… 消极的、冷色调的词语如:残损、冷、彻骨、寂寞、憔悴、阴暗…… 诗人之所以这样用这些词语,是为了更好地表达内心深处的爱与恨。

(2)全诗在想象中展开内容,在想象中,诗人的手掌抚过了广大的国土。先是沦陷区的家乡,继而从祖国疆域的北部一直到最南端,最终停留在解放区。对祖国大地上每一处特征性景物的概括,作者突出的是“手掌”的触觉作用(同时也有视觉、嗅觉、味觉等感觉器官的作用),因而读起来不觉芜杂。另外,灵活的押韵方式,既体现了现代诗形式的自由,又使全诗有着相对协调一致的节奏。

(3)描写沦陷区,从实处着笔,用一幅幅富有特征的小画缀连;描写解放区,侧重写意,用挚爱和柔情抚摸,加之一连串亲切温馨气息的比喻,凸现和煦明媚的色彩。 2.学生熟读背诵全诗,深层领会诗中艺术形象的内涵。 3.拓展延伸。

诗人往往把情感寄寓在具体的形象上,使抽象的心绪具有可感性。借鉴这种写法.联系生活体验,写几句富有诗意的话,抒写自己的一种感情(如“思念”“悲伤”“欢欣”等)。

先在小组内交流、修改,然后请学生有感情诵读自己所写的优美语句,教师点评归纳。

第三课、祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国 教学目的

1.初步感知中国当代诗歌物中见情、情景交融、意味隽永、质朴晓畅等特点。

2.理解诗中蕴涵和象征的社会内容,体会意象运用的特点。3.初步学会欣赏诗歌的情感美、节奏美、含蓄美、意境美。4.学习借鉴诗歌思维和语言技巧。 教学方法

1.诵读感悟——铺设跳板——联想想象——理性升华。

2.研究评析欣赏法。3.当代诗艺欣赏讲座法。 教学步骤

一、解题

《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》发表于1979年7月,以其沉重的历史积淀,表达了一种希望光明的痛苦和挚情,从中可以体会到诗人对祖国的深情和挚爱。

二、研习课文

1.整体把握,理清思路

①教师范读(配乐)

②学生自由诵读。③学生单独朗读,师生评价。

④诗歌内容与形式总理。学生先用一句话谈谈感受,然后教师和学生一起总结:这首诗“运用平凡而富有特征的意象,从不同角度揭示了我与祖国的血肉联系”。诗人借鉴运用了苏联诗人沃兹涅先斯基《戈雅》的圆周式句法,借以强化对祖国挚爱的深度。

2.具体研习,落实重点,突破难点

①这首诗写了哪些意象?这些意象蕴涵和象征了哪些社会内容?要求学生边读边思考边讨论。

点拨:这首诗为了抒发对祖国的深情,把数百年的历史浓缩在四组意象群之中。这四组意象群是“破旧的老水车”“熏黑的矿灯”“干瘪的稻穗”“失修的路基”“淤泥上的驳船”;“贫困”“悲哀”“希望”“飞天袖间”的“花朵”;“簇新的理想”“蛛网”“雪被下古莲的胚芽”“泪眼的笑窝”“雪白的起跑线”“绯红的黎明”;“迷惘”“深思”“沸腾”的诗人、“伤痕累累”“富饶”“荣光”“自由”的祖国。第一组意象以委婉曲折的笔触,回溯祖国数百年来的贫困落后,表达对祖国长期处于这种状态的深沉悲痛的心情;第三组意象描绘祖国到了历史转折时期,已经走在了新生的起跑线上;第四组意象再次强调“我”与祖国的关系,倾吐献身祖国的热望。

②说说对诗中表达的思想感情理解。

3.欣赏品味

①体会圆句式的表达效果。

点拨:圆周句式是重复同类型的句子或词语的一种修辞方法,它把十分完整的语言单位的几个部分,按圆周形进行连续排列,组成在意义和音调方面和谐统一的整体。

②象征和比喻的运用。

点拨:该诗构思突出表现在对抒情主人公“我”的拟物化上。“我”既是抒情主人公,又是具体的客观物象,也是祖国的象征。

4.课堂训练

①概括各诗节的大意。②说说对“刚从神话的蛛网里挣脱”“我是你雪被下古莲的胚芽”的理解。

5.课堂小结

学生回忆总结本节课所用到的诗歌欣赏方法。(见“教学设想”部分)

四、布置作业

1.熟读背诵这首诗。

2.课外找相关读物阅读,有兴趣的同学学写一篇赏析文章(可以就整体谈,也可以从某一角度谈)。

第四课、外国诗两首 教学目标

1.理解诗中的艺术形象,感受诗人的爱国思乡情怀。 2.品味诗歌语言,展开丰富的联想和想象,体会诗歌的内涵。 3.体会诗歌或平实中见真情,或深邃中显自豪的特点。 教学重点

1.了解诗歌的深厚文化背景。2.理解诗中的艺术形象及诗人由此抒发的思想情感。 教学难点

由于民族文化背景不同,准确地把握诗人的意念和情绪并深入诗中的意境。 教学方法

1.诵读法教师通过多种形式引导学生反复诵读,体会诗歌的内容及其形式特点。 2.合作研讨法休斯的诗意象凝练、表意深刻。《黑人谈河流》中“河流”意象以及以夸张手法回顾历史等,可引导学生合作研讨,加深认识和体会。 教学过程 [教学步骤] 1.密哈依尔•莱蒙托夫(1814~1841)十九世纪俄国继普希金之后的伟大诗人。十四岁开始写诗,1837年他为普希金因决斗而死写的《诗人之死》一诗名震文坛。由于反抗专制统治,因此屡遭流放和入狱,最后死于预谋的决斗,年仅二十七岁。

莱蒙托夫在短短十三年的创作生涯里,一共写下了四百多首抒情诗,名篇有《帆》《浮云》《祖国》,长诗二十余部,以《恶魔》《童僧》为代表,还有剧本《假面舞会》和杰出的长篇小说《当代英雄》等。

《祖国》发表于1841年4月号的《祖国纪事》杂志。

2.休斯(1902~1967)美国黑人诗人、小说家,美国黑人文艺复兴运动的领导者,被誉为“黑人桂冠诗人”。

休斯写过小说、剧本、自传和新闻速写,以诗歌方面的成就最为突出。他创作了十多部诗集,比较重要的有《哈莱姆的莎士比亚》《单程票》《延迟的梦之蒙太奇》等。

休斯的创作植根于美国黑人生活,对他们痛苦生活给予同情,讴歌他们美好的情感,颂扬了他们源远流长的文化传统。诗歌的主题思想有积极的社会意义,休斯创造性地把黑人民歌艺术引进诗歌创作,吸收了黑人爵士音乐和布鲁斯民歌的形式和手法,形成了轻松活泼豪迈奔放的风格,对美国黑人诗歌的发展具有深远的影响。 研读《祖国》

1.学生听读课文录音,整体感知诗意。

教师提示:诗句“我爱祖国,但用的是奇异的爱情”是解读诗意的关键。诗人把对祖国的感情比喻为“爱情”,统摄全诗。

2.学生自由诵读,认真思考:从诗歌内容看,诗人对祖国奇异的“爱情”指什么? 教师点拨、明确:

诗人没有用豪言壮语去盛赞祖国的光荣历史、英雄业绩,也没有去歌颂名山大川,无尽宝藏,而是以平实的笔调描写俄罗斯原野的景色和农家生活。平实中见真情,奇异的“爱情”表现在诗人把自己对祖国的爱和对俄罗斯大自然、对普通百姓的爱糅合,化为一体;即对俄罗斯山河景物和淳朴乐观的人民的热爱。

3.思考:《祖国》一诗充分显示了诗人在描摹自然景物上的卓越才能。诗中构置了哪些充满浓郁诗意的画画?诗人对俄罗斯山河风景和人民生活热烈讴歌。冷漠沉静的草原,随风晃动的森林,奔腾的激流,村间的小路,苍黄的田野,闪光的白桦,苍茫的夜色,颤抖的灯光,远近相映、声色兼备,把俄罗斯山河的雄壮之美和秀丽之美交织在一起,构成一幅绚丽变幻而朦胧流动的画面。打谷场丘堆满丰收的谷物,农家茅舍覆盖着稻草,小窗上的浮雕窗板,更有节日夜晚,农人醉酒笑谈、尽情舞蹈的场面,恰似一幅绝妙的民俗图,洋溢着俄罗斯的生活气息。 4.合作研讨:

诗人所抒发的爱国之情主要是通过描写俄罗斯的夜色及夜色中人们的活动来表现出来的。这样写有什么好处?诗歌在对原野景色和农家生活的描述中,隐含着诗人对祖国的真挚感情,即“真实地、神圣地、理智地理解对祖国的爱”(比勃罗留波夫语),这种爱是真实的,也是最本色的。

指导自读《黑人谈河流》

1.学生自由诵读全诗,整体感知诗意。

教师提示:这首诗在语言结构上。长句、短句互相交错,参差跌宕;四个排比句,上半句结构相似,下半句发生变化。均不相同。这样的变化既有涛行结构整齐均衡的一面,又不失之呆滞化一;既有诗行形式上的跳跃,又不失节奏上的宫商之声。 2.学生合作研讨:

(1)诗人想通过谈“河流”来表达什么样的思想感情?(2)“我的灵魂变得像河流一般深邃”应该怎样理解?这句诗两次出现有什么表达效果?(3)全诗的艺术构思是跳跃的,但又有严密的思维逻辑。请归结诗歌内在的思维逻辑。(1)在《黑人淡河流》一诗中,“河流”是个高度凝练的意象。我们可以将其理解为历史的象征。黑人对河流的追溯,就是对自身历史的追溯。就是对祖先和故土的寻根。

(2)“我的灵魂像河流一般深邃”,可以理解为由于黑人对“河流”(历史)的见证,人类文明、文化的成果都在黑人的“灵魂”里有所沉淀。这句诗,是作者代表全体黑人发出的自豪的宣言:黑人种族是有着悠久传统的种族。这句诗在第二节和第五节两次出现,形成结构上的前后呼应。

(3)我认识河流——它亘古如斯。比人类久远——我在河流的哺育下发展、繁殖,河流是我生存的见证——因此我认识河流——活折磨了我,教育了我。我的思想、灵魂和河流一样深沉。

3.学生有感情诵读,体会诗歌深邃中显自豪的特点。

第五课、孔乙己 【教学目的】

(一)了解封建科举制度的腐朽和病态社会的冷酷。

(二)了解小说的社会环境描写及其作用。

(三)了解小说精巧的布局, 教学重点

1.把握小说主题。2.分析孔乙己这一人物形象,学习小说多角度鲜明、生动刻画人物的写法。

教学难点:结合时代背景,深层领会小说的思想意义。 课时安排:3课时 【教学步骤】

一、导入

凡读过鲁迅小说的人,几乎没有不知道《孔乙己》的;凡读过《孔乙己》的人,无不在心中留下孔乙己这个遭到社会凉薄的苦人儿的形象。据鲁迅先生的朋友孙伏园回忆,鲁迅先生自己也说过,在他创作的短篇小说中,他最喜欢《孔乙己》。他为什么最喜欢孔乙己?孔乙己究竟是一个怎样的艺术形象?今天就让我们一块儿来认识一下孔乙己这个人物形象。

二、作者简介

鲁迅(1881年――1936年),现代伟大文学家、思想家和革命家。原名周树人,字豫才。浙江绍兴人。幼年时受诗书经传的教育,青年时代受“进化论”影响。后东渡日本学医,又弃医从文,立志用文学来改变落后的国民精神面貌。1918年5月发表现代文学史上第一篇白话文小说《狂人日记》。自1918年至1926年,陆续创作并出版了《呐喊》、《彷徨》、《野草》、《朝花夕拾》、《华盖集》等专集。

三、写作背景

《孔乙己》写于1918年冬天,当时以《新青年》为阵地,虽已揭开了新文化运动的序幕,但是封建复古的逆流仍很猖獗。科举制度虽于1906年废除,但是培植孔乙己这种人的社会基础依然存在,孔孟之道仍然是社会教育的核心内容,这样就有可能产生新的“孔乙己”。要拯救青年一代,不能让他们再走孔乙己的老路。鲁迅选取了社会的一角——鲁镇的咸亨酒店,艺术地展现了20多年前社会上的这种贫苦知识分子的生活,就在于启发读者对照孔乙己的生活道路和当时的教育现状,思考当时的社会教育和学校教育,批判封建教育制度和科举制度。

四、要求学生跳读,迅速将注释中的生字注音搬到文中相应的字上并读准。

成亨(hēng)酒店砚(yàn)附和(hè)羼(chān)蘸(zhàn)舀(yǎo)打折(shé)了绽(zhàn)出

五、学生朗读全文,或听录音,获得整体印象。要求用一句话概括全文内容。(通过“我”——咸亨酒店小伙计的口述,记叙了清末下层知识分子孔乙己一生的不幸遭遇和悲惨结局。)

八、快速阅读,思考讨论,根据故事情节发展和人物活动场景变换划分段落层次。明确:第一部分(第1—3节)写孔乙己活动的典型环境——鲁镇咸亨酒店。第二部分(第4—13节)写孔乙己的典型性格和悲惨遭遇,揭示其社会根源。再引导学生以“打折腿”为界限,将第二部分分为两层:第一层(4—9节)侧重写封建文化、科举制度对孔乙己的毒害;第二层,侧重写封建制度对孔乙己的摧残。

九、学生朗读第一节。

〔提问〕:故事发生在什么地点和时间?

〔提问〕:咸亨酒店喝酒的人有哪几种类型,各有什么特点?“短”和“长”,“外”和“里”,“站”和“坐”等对立词语反映了什么?反映了等级森严,贫富悬殊,阶级对立。(补充板书:鲜明的阶级对立。) “踱”写出了长衫主顾趾高气扬、悠闲自得的神情;“要酒要菜,慢慢坐喝”写出他们有钱有势还有闲。

十、学生朗读第

2、3节。

〔提问〕:掌柜对长衫客、短衣帮以及小伙计态度上有何不同?这说明掌柜是怎样的人? 明确:掌柜对长衫客:极力逢迎,恭敬侍候对短衣帮:不讲情义,恣意剥削对小伙计:凶狠无情。说明掌柜虚伪、势利、冷酷,媚富欺贫,唯利是图。 〔提问〕:小伙计所管职务和所处环境使人有什么感觉?

明确:单调无聊“叫人活泼不得”反衬出“只有孔乙己到店才可以笑几声”,为孔乙己出场作了铺垫。

学生思考讨论回答。小说开始介绍鲁镇咸亨酒店的格局和酒店里各种人物及其相互关系,有什么作用?

〔明确〕:咸亨酒店是当时社会的缩影,是孔乙己生活的典型环境,具有鲜明的时代特征和地方色彩。小说以咸亨酒店为中心舞台展开情节,孔乙己悲剧的一生得到了完整而深刻的表现。

十一、分析孔乙己的典型性格。

〔提问〕:小说怎样细致刻画了孔乙己的肖像,这些描写说明了什么?

明确:“身材很高大”表明原本具有谋生条件,“青白脸色”说明他过着半饥半饱的生活,“皱纹间常夹些伤痕”表明他饱受生活折磨,常遭欺凌侮辱。“乱蓬蓬的花白胡子”点明他已是风烛残年。长衫脏而不洗,破而不补,又不肯脱去,表明他好逸恶劳,潦倒不堪,自视清高,“万般皆下品,唯有读书高”的封建思想已渗透骨髓。

〔提问〕:孔乙己说话为什么“满口之乎者也”,教人半懂不懂?他的绰号的由来说明了什么? 明确:“满口之乎者也”为的是显示他“很有学问”,说明他长期受封建文化教育的熏陶中毒之深,迂腐之至。而别人从描红纸上“上大人孔乙己”这半懂不懂的话里替他取绰号正是对孔乙己这种欲上不能、欲下不甘的迂腐性格的强烈讽刺与揶揄。动作:“排出九文大钱”,一个“排”字表现出对只花四文钱的短衣帮的得意而炫耀的神情。逼得他“青筋条条绽出”睁大眼睛,进行争辩。一个“绽”字活画出他的窘迫尴尬、又羞又恼的神态。争辩理由是“窃书不能算偷”,“窃”和“偷”本是同义词,只有口语与文言的区别,他企图故作斯文,为自己开脱,反而落得哄堂大笑,这反映他死要面子、自欺欺人,不敢正视现实的性格,也反映了他的自命清高,迂腐穷酸。“不屑置辩”,含蔑视意,认为不值得一辩。酒客追问击中要害,“连半个秀才也捞不到”,这在他是终生耻辱,一提此事,犹如揭了他的癞疮疤,所以“颓唐不安”,足见封建教育之毒已浸透他的灵魂。孔乙己的悲剧正源于此。

〔提问〕:孔乙己教小伙计写“茴”字和给小孩吃茴香豆表现了孔乙己什么性格特点? 明确:迂腐不堪,中毒甚深。善良诚恳。麻木不仁。

〔提问〕:怎样理解这篇小说中的“笑”?为什么那些人对不幸者没有同情,没有帮助,却一味哄笑取乐?用哄笑声写孔乙己的悲剧有什么特殊的艺术效果?

首先是孔乙己“可笑”。他受封建教育毒害,被科举制度摧残,不会营生,迂腐麻木,假斯文,他的像貌、行动、言语是可笑的,写孔乙己的可笑,实质上是对封建文化和科举制度的尖锐嘲笑和讽刺。

其次是别人对孔乙己的取笑,要做阶级分析。掌柜是剥削阶级人物,他对孔乙己的取笑,是对受苦人的玩弄和欺凌。取笑孔乙己的人大多是短衣帮的劳苦大众,按理说应对孔乙己同情,他们的取笑是病态社会的病态心理的反映。封建制度的压迫剥削和毒害,在被压迫者中间,形成了隔膜冷漠心理。麻木,不觉悟,丧失同情心,这一切都是封建制度造成的。 用哄笑来写孔乙己的悲剧,更使人感到封建社会的黑暗、悲凉,更沉重地鞭挞了罪恶的封建制度,并“揭出病苦,引起疗救的注意”,产生特殊的艺术效果。 结合“理解•分析二”回答

明确:侧写孔乙己因偷窃被打成残废,用“竟”和反诘句突出丁举人作为地方上封建一霸的凶横残暴和狠毒。小说写一个读书人毒打另一个读书人,再次点出孔乙己悲剧的社会根源是封建科举制度。丁、孔二人,同是读书人,但地位命运截然相反,科举中,一个爬了上去,成了有权有势的“举人老爷”,成了狠毒的“吃人”者,一个因“半个秀才也捞不到”而跌了下来,成了可怜的牺牲品,这就深刻揭露了人吃人的封建社会和科举制度的罪恶。

〔提问〕:孔乙己最后一次出场和第一次出场有什么不同?请从肖像、声音、神态、动作几方面加以比较。以上对比,说明了封建制度不但戕害了他的思想,而且摧残了他的肉体。孔乙己已经不成样子,周围的人们仍对他取笑,这反映了人们的冷漠无情、麻木不仁。 概括中心思想:《孔乙己》这篇小说,塑造了一个受封建科举制度摧残致于毁灭的旧知识分子的典型,揭示并控诉了封建制度人吃人的罪恶本质。

第六课、蒲柳人家(节选) 教学目标

1.理解、积累“隐匿、荣膺、一气呵成、妙手回春、如坐针毡、芒刺在背”等词语。 2.了解刘绍棠及其充满浓郁民族风格和审美情趣的乡土文学创作。进一步理解小说多样化的艺术风格。

3.了解20世纪30年代京东北运河岸上农村的世态人情与精神风貌。欣赏文中刻画的鲜明、丰满的人物形象。 教学方法

1.诵读法2.研讨探究法 [教学要点] 诵读,整体感知小说情节场景。深入研讨.把握人物性格,体会艺术表现手法。 [教学步骤]

1、刘绍棠(1936~1997)当代作家。河北通县(今北京市通州区)人。1949年读中学时开始发表短篇小说。1951年到河北文联工作半年,阅读了大量文学名著,深受孙犁作品熏染。翌年发表成名作、短篇小说《青枝绿叶》,并被选入中学语文课本。1954年入北京大学中文系。1956年加入中国作家协会。他的作品格调清新淳朴,文笔通俗晓畅,描写从容自然,结构简洁完整,乡土色彩浓郁。

2、诵读,整体感知文意.(1)学生默读全文,初步感知文意,疏解下列字词。

擀(gǎn)剜(wān)腌赞(āzā)到气(dáo)唿(hū)哨咯(kā)吧呱(gū)呱坠荣膺(yīng):光荣地获得。膺:承受,承当。隐匿(nì)隐藏、躲起来。一气呵成:①比喻文章的气势首尾贯通。②比喻整个工作过程中不间断、不松懈。如坐针毡(zhān):形容坐立不安,像芒和刺扎在背上一样。 影影绰绰(chuò):模模糊糊,不真切。望眼欲穿:形容盼望殷切。 (2).学生深入研读课文,思考:

(1)小说通过充满稚气、机灵顽皮的何满子的眼睛,勾勒了京东北运河边上农民的性格命运。奶奶一丈青大娘和爷爷何大学问是课文的两个主要描写对象。那么,他们两人鲜明的性格特征是什么? (2)作者用了哪些肖像、动作和语言描写来表现人物性格的?请画出有关语句并体会其作用 学生回答,教师相机点拨:

(1)作者以高超的艺术表现手法,生动地刻画了奶奶一丈青大娘和爷爷何大学问的音容笑貌、喜怒悲乐。 3.学生揣摩品味独具魅力的小说语言。

教师提示:小说的语言运用非常有特色。在叙述故事描写人物时,一方面,作者采用了活灵活现的民间口语俗语,并加以提炼,形成一种活泼伶俐、凝练而富有动感、充满乡土气息的语言。另一方面,作者又继承了说唱艺术的特点,讲究押韵和对偶,用词造句文白相间,读来抑扬顿挫,很有节奏感。

教师引导学生体会,精彩的语句、段可作摘抄和背诵。 深入研读,体会小说的艺术风格

1.学生感情诵读,体会小说浓郁的乡土气息。 2.学生联系阅读体验,合作探究:

《蒲柳人家》是刘绍棠独具风格的乡土文学的代表作。那么,你认为它的民族作风和民族气派体现在哪些方面? 首先,从人物形象来说,小说的人物具有中华民族独有的性格特点和传统美德。

其次,在艺术上,小说不仅情节富有传奇色彩,而且塑造人物性格时也多借鉴中国古典小说和民间说唱艺术的表现手法。另外,小说的艺术表现手法也是民族的。

总之,小说充满了浓郁的民族风格和审美情趣,是我国古典文学传统的继承和发扬。 3.学生自由诵读,体会小说的独特魅力。 课堂小结

同学们,正是丰富深厚的民族传统和浓郁的水乡风情,孕育了刘绍棠高度独创的乡土文学。“我要一生一世讴歌生我养我的劳动人民”(刘绍棠语),这满怀的率真之情,恰是我们解读乡土创作情感的一把钥匙。透过小说的渲染,我们洞察人物,更能观照那曾经鲜活演绎着的社会生活,无论是古代,还是现在,乃至将来,生活的底色都是鲜亮的,文艺也是如此。只要我们用心去品读。

第七课、变色龙 教学目标: 1.学习通过对话刻画人物性格的方法。2.认识沙俄统治的腐朽黑暗。 教学重点:六次对话刻画奥楚蔑洛夫媚上欺下,看风使舵的性格特征。

教学难点:使学生认识奥楚蔑洛夫媚上欺下,看风使舵的性格特征,理解奥楚蔑洛夫这一人物的深刻的社会意义,深入体会本文是如何运用对话来刻画人物性格的。 教学课时2课时 教学过程: 一.作者介绍

契诃夫(1860—1904)是十九世纪末俄国批判现实主义作家、戏剧家和短篇小说艺术大师。1880年,他进莫斯科大学医学系学习,毕业后在当医生之余从事文学创作。他的早期创作讽刺和揭露了俄国社会官场人物媚上欺下的丑恶面目,写得谐趣横生,发人深思。八十年代中期,他创作了既幽默又富于悲剧性的短篇小说,反映了社会底层人民的被侮辱被损害的不幸生活,具有深刻的思想意义。八十年代下半期,随着社会阶级斗争的日益尖锐,他的创作视野逐渐宽阔,题材愈加丰富,批判性也随之加强。契诃夫一生写了大量的中、短篇小说,其中名篇有《变色龙》、《套中人》、等。剧本有《万尼亚舅舅》等。契诃夫是世界文学中短篇小说的艺术大师,而且是戏剧创作的革新家。 二.写作背景

本篇是契诃夫的早期作品,发表于1884年。1881年,亚历山大二世被谋杀,三世继位,为保安全,沙皇大大加强了警察权力,建立了恐怖的警察统治。 三.重点词语

1沉静:本义指环境寂静或人内心安静,平静。课文指环境寂静。2无精打采:形容不高兴,精神不振作。

3浆硬:指用粉浆或米汤浸纱、布使干后发硬发挺。不可写作“僵硬”。4无缘无故:没有一点原因。缘,故,原因。5魁梧:身体强壮高大,注意“魁”和“槐”的区别。6异想天开:形容想入非非不切实际。异,奇异。天开,比喻凭空的,根本没有的事情。7荒唐huāngtáng①思想、言行错误到使人觉得奇怪的程度。②行为放荡、没有节制。着重于极其荒谬,令人难于理解。8洋溢yángyì:多指情绪、气氛充分流露,着重指从内向外流露出来。9伶俐línglì:聪明,灵活。除了有脑筋灵活外,还有乖巧、机警、逗人爱的意思。10恐吓(hè):以要挟的话或手段威胁人;吓唬。 11径自:副词,表示自己直接行动。自顾自,任意地。 四.解题

变色龙:这是个比喻性文题,以自然界中皮肤颜色会随周围物体颜色而变化的小动物变色龙来比喻在处理咬人狗过程中不断出尔反尔、自食其言的奥楚蔑洛夫,由此引起人们的深思,进一步使人认清其丑恶的面目、卑劣的本质。题目的幽默、辛辣、形象,体现了作者独有的语言风格。

五、整体感知:

1、这篇小说描述了一个发生在什么地方的什么样的故事?

2、奥楚蔑洛夫的第一次对话是在什么情况下说的?他为什么"严厉地"说话?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点?在赫留金向他诉说了自己无端被狗咬伤,提出自己的要求之后,他说了这番话。

3、:奥楚蔑洛夫的第二次对话是在什么情况下说的?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点? 讲解:在有人说了这条狗"好像是席加洛夫将军家的狗"这句话之后.奥楚蔑洛说了这番话。 通过他的这番话可以看出此人:①见风使舵,面目可憎。②专横妄断,面貌可恶。

4、奥楚蔑洛夫的第三次对话是在什么情况下说的?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点? 讲解:在巡警说了自己"拿得准"这条狗不是将军家的这句话之后,奥楚蔑洛夫说了这番话。 通过他的这番话可以看出此人:①翻手云覆手雨,恬不知耻。②阿诀奉承,奴颜媚骨。

5、奥楚蔑洛夫的第四次对话是在什么情况下说的?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点? 讲解:在巡警说了"不过也说不定就是将军家的狗……前几天我在将军家院子里看见过这样的一条狗"这些话,有人接着也说"没错儿,将军家的"之后,奥楚蔑洛夫说了这番话。 通过他的这番话可以看出此人:①讨好卖乖巴结逢迎,奴才相十足。②跋雇凶恶,粗野蛮横。

6、奥楚蔑洛夫的第五次对话是在什么情况下说的?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点? 讲解:在将军家的厨师普洛词尔说了"我们那儿从来没有这样的狗"之后,奥楚蔑洛夫说了这番话的。

通过他的这番话可以看出此人阿澳诌媚、讨好逢迎的奴才本性。

7、奥楚蔑洛夫的第六次对话是在什么情况下说的?通过这次对话可以看出此人思想性格的什么特点? 讲解:在将军家的厨师肯定了"这是将军的哥哥的狗"之后,奥楚蔑洛夫说了这番话。 通过他的这些话可以看出此人趋炎附势、奉承逢迎、献媚取宠的奴才本相。

8、普洛词夫带着小狗走了,警官奥楚蔑洛夫所谓"我绝不轻易放过这件事"的故事到此已是结束,而文章为什么还写最后一段?从全文看,奥楚蔑洛夫这个人物思想性格的本质特点包含哪两个方面? 讲解:文章最后一段写奥楚蔑洛夫在离开广场前对赫留金恐吓说:"我早晚要收拾你!"这里突出刻画出这个沙俄警官专横凶狠的丑恶嘴脸。

奥楚蔑洛夫这个人物思想性格的本质特点包含两个方面:他的沙俄统治的爪牙,在上层权势面前奴颜卑膝,俯首贴耳;他是沙俄统治的代表,在广大群众面前专横凶狠,作威作福。

奥楚蔑洛夫的形象具有广泛的概括性。他是一个专横的沙皇警犬,但同时也是一个见风使舵的变色龙。作为一个沙皇政权的走狗,他具有专制、蛮横、欺凌百姓等特点。但这只是他性格的一个方面。他同时还具有趋炎附势、对弱者耀武扬威、欺下媚上、随风转舵等特点。因此他也是一个厚颜无耻的两面派。这两方面的特点构成了他的完整的性格——“变色龙”。不过,这个形象的意义,远远超出了奥楚蔑洛夫这一类沙皇警犬这一特定的范围。在当时,这一形象塑造,无疑也揭露和批判了在反动政治条件下迎合现实、转向变节的妥协派和投降派。

(二)赫留金:在这篇小说里,作者的讽刺和揭露的锋芒,主要是对着奥楚蔑洛夫的,但是对小市民赫留金也指出了他身上的许多弱点。他粗鄙庸俗,想借小狗咬了手指头,趁机捞一把。

(三)观众:作家在小说里也含蓄地点出了“观众”的局限。他们也是一些庸俗的小市民,具有愚昧、软弱、迎合强者,随风倒的特点。 二.语言特色:

1、用人物自己的话讽刺自己2.生动的对话

3、个性化的语言 三.细节描写对于刻画人物的作用

小说曾四次写奥楚蔑洛夫身上的那件军大衣,这些细节描写深刻地揭露了人物的性格特征,鲜明地表现了主题。

课后记:

1、从时间上看,两课时足够。第一课时抓住一个“变”字,及为什麽“变”讲读。第二课时让孩子讨论小说中人物为什么刻画这么好,用什么手法来写人的?

2、对于环境略作提示。

第八课、热爱生命 教学目标:

1.学习快速阅读的方法,培养学生阅读小说的能力;

2.能够多角度、多侧面欣赏文学作品,在欣赏作品的过程中感悟人生,培养积极的人生态度,珍爱生命;

3.采用自主探究的学习方法,研读品味精彩片段,领悟课文震撼人心的力量。4.体会小说心理描写的特点,把握主人公的心理变化过程。

教学重点、难点:学会欣赏文学作品,感悟人生,培养积极的人生态度,珍爱生命。 教学安排:2课时。 教学步骤:

1、简介作者及作品

杰克•伦敦是著名的美国小说家,他一生共创作了约50部作品,其中最为著名的有《野性的呼唤》《海狼》《白牙》《马丁•伊登》和一系列优秀短篇小说《老头子同盟》《北方的奥德赛》《马普希的房子》等。杰克•伦敦是一个自幼当童工、漂泊在海上、跋涉在雪原、而后半工半读才取得成就的作家。《热爱生命》曾受到列宁的赞赏,列宁在逝世的前几天,手里还捧着它。

2、整体感知

.快速阅读课文,思考并完成下列问题。 (1)标出生字、词语,查工具书注音释义:

狼嚎(háo):大声叫。转瞬(shùn)即逝:转眼就消逝了。咀嚼(jǔjúe):用牙齿磨碎食物。

半身不遂(suì):原指身体一侧发生瘫痪,不能动弹。

(2)提炼故事主要情节后复述梗概,在复述的基础上进一步梳理故事情节,把握课文内容。 然后分小组讨论下列问题:

①理清课文主线,思考课文写了怎样一个故事,展现了哪几个画面?主人公在荒原上面临着哪些生死考验?

提示:课文是小说的节选,写一位淘金者在求生旅途的种种遭遇、感受以及他对生命的渴求。首先写到主人公恐惧的心理,因为狼嚎的声音而恐惧;到傍晚产生了矛盾的心理,死也许就是解脱。以后的几天中,他凭着生命的意识前进,在极度虚弱时,他看到了希望──一只大船,同时也遇到死敌──病狼;于是出现人狼对峙──同样虚弱的人与狼的对峙。在濒临死亡的时候,他靠近了大船,看到了生的希望,而人与狼也开始挑战生命的极限,进行了一场闻所未闻的生死决斗。可以通过板书展示文章的主线:

饥饿觅食(狼嚎、恐惧、矛盾)──产生幻觉(遇大船,“激动”、麻木)──遇病狼(冷静、沉着)──与狼决斗(超越极限)──战胜病狼 ②文章表达了作者怎样的情感?揭示了什么样的主题?

提示:这是一支弘扬生命的赞歌,我们从文章的字里行间感受作者对人生的积极态度,对生命的珍爱,感受到生命本身那巨大的潜能,这种能量让你不管面对什么,哪怕是吞噬你的荒野、野兽,折磨你的饥饿、疾病,你都能勇敢地战胜它们。生命永远与我们同在! 小说之所以产生了如此震撼人心的力量,在于人物形象的塑造,课文通过“他”的经历,向我们展示了一幅幅生命垂危者求生的画面,那么,是什么促使他如此顽强?在塑造这一人物时作者主要采用了哪些描写方法? 1.共同赏析精彩片段。

(1)抽读52页第

二、三自然段写主人公见到驯鹿骨头的段落:

提示:这是在主人公饥饿难忍、无处觅食之时的思维独白和动作描写,一头可爱的小驯鹿只剩下了骨头,他联想到什么呢?(联想到自己,联想到生命是如此脆弱,这说明即使意志坚强的人也有内心的矛盾和痛苦,在同环境和困难斗争的时候也有自身的灰心和软弱,真实地反映了人物的内心。)

那他是否消沉,退缩呢?行动就是最好的证明,即使生肉、碎骨也让他感到欣喜,可见对生命的热爱,对生的渴求。同时他不觉得痛则说明身体的虚弱,反应开始迟钝了。

(2)人和病狼最后较量的情节是小说最为精彩的场面,也是高潮部分,可齐读最后两段: 在这部分中,写到了他的感受,突出了心理活动,生动形象地描写了人与狼搏斗的动作、过程。哪些词语或句子用得最精彩?一个濒临死亡的人最后为什么能战胜狼呢?

通过上述对主人公内心世界和细节、动作的刻画,揭示了主人公身处困境却不肯向困难低头,顽强不屈同自然作斗争的坚强意志和热爱生命的深刻主题。

(3)同时,主人公也在同自然和自身弱点的斗争中不断磨炼自己坚强的意志和求生的信念,培养了顽强的生命意志和勇敢精神,成为顽强不屈、具有超人勇气的强者。

2.学生自由解读其他部分,感悟生命:找出自己感悟较深或留下深刻印象的地方,谈认识,谈感受,体会这样写的作用。重点从人物心理、动作、细节描写等方面进行赏析。 建议:如果学生基础较差,教师还可以作进一步的提示、指导,如成功的心理描写是小说的一大特色,可指导学生探究:作者对“他”的内心世界进行了怎样的刻画,表现出了人物哪些性格特点?

要充分发挥学生的主观能动性,采用自主探究的方式,只要能言之成理、自圆其说,就应充分肯定。

3.分析环境描写在小说中的作用,边阅读边圈点批注。

4.小结:通过对课文的欣赏,让我们从字里行间看到了生命本身那巨大的潜能,它会让你活下去。“他”与其说同饥饿和死亡抗争,不如说是与恐惧抗争;杰克•伦敦作为文学大师,用精湛的手法,生动逼真地描绘了这场战争。故事情节紧张,却没有一点作者人为的痕迹,它只是向我们清晰地展示了一个人在荒原中历尽艰难的求生过程,不动声色地描绘出了生命的伟岸和强大。它告诉我们,请敬畏我们的生命,热爱我们的生命,和我们的生命结成最紧密的“联盟”,我们就会尽享生命的美丽与神奇。

二、拓展训练

1.“他”是小说的主人公,可文中一直没有名字,是作者的失误吗?谈谈自己的想法。2.课外阅读《热爱生命》全文。

3.学生展示搜集的有关热爱生命的资料,并谈感受。

4.我们时常在各种媒体中看到中学生因生活、学习的不如意而自残,甚至轻生,学习这篇课文以后有什么启发?你能对他们说点什么吗?

第九课、谈生命 教学目标

1.反复朗读课文,理清行文思路,理解文章主旨。理解作者对生命的本质的认识。 2.体会文章景、情、理和谐相融的意境,感受文章的意境美、哲理美、语言美。 教学重点难点

1.激发学生的联想和想象,感受文中鲜活的形象。2.揣摩文章重要的语句或段落,理解其哲理意蕴。 教学过程 1.理清行文思路

第一层:仅一句话,“我不敢说生命是什么,我只能说生命像什么”。这是全文的领起句,也是思路的起点,提示话题,引起下文,

第二层:从“生命像向东流的一江春水”到“也不敢信来生”。描写生命像春水东流的状况。 第三层:从“生命又像一棵小树”到“也不敢信来生”。描写生命像一棵小树成长和衰亡的状况。 第四层:从“宇宙是一个大生命”到结尾,总结上文。抒发感想,阐发哲理。 2.精读课文,把握文意

教师设计相关问题,指导学生研讨课文。

(1)“生命是什么”与“生命像什么”只有一字之差,作者为什么对前者“不敢说”而对后者“能说”?根据文意说说你的理解。

(2)作者将生命比作“一江春水”和“一棵小树”并充发展开,请联系思路,分析作者这样写的用意。

(3)最后一层在全文结构和表达主题方面起什么作用? 明确:(1)“生命是什么”涉及生命本质的终极回答,而“生命像什么”是文学性的表述—借助通俗易懂的比喻作答,使行文更容易选择切入的角度,引出下文对生命过程的形象化描绘,便于作者抒发对生命的独特感受。

(2)“一江春水”侧重阐明生命的力量,“一棵小树”侧重揭示生命的价值,两个比喻的内涵相互补充,形象又完整地阐明了生命的过程和意义。

(3)最后一层绾结全文,点明、深化主题。作者在这一层揭示生命的本质(由卑微、渺小到生长、进化),点明快乐和痛苦是生命之的基本旋律。这是在前文对生命的现象作比喻性的描写之后得出的结论。

3、鉴赏哲理美

1).品味关键语句,理解其深层含意:作者对生命的本质有怎样的认识?谈谈你的理解。 教师总结:本文用充满哲理的语言,对生命过程进行了形象的描述,表现了作者对生命本质的认识。生命需要流动和生长,我们要享受快乐,但不回避生活中的痛苦和艰难。我们要感谢生命,不仅感谢快乐,也要感谢痛苦。我们要尊重生命,就得探寻生命“生长”的闪光点,向生命的顽强不屈敬礼。我们要珍惜生命,就得向生命的高贵顶礼膜拜,为生命全过程的每一刻喝彩。 2).摘句交流

请找出文中你最喜欢的语句,把它推荐给大家并简要说明理由。

示例:美在灵动、蕴藉。集中表现在“一江春水”“一棵小树”两个层次中,言在此而意在彼,引人深思。

美在反复。“生命像……”“生命又像……”既成为行文层次的标志,又给人旋律回转、反复吟唱之感。

“他消融了,归化了,说不上快乐,也没有悲哀”,庄重精警,超越了常人面对死亡的畏惧、痛苦。语言看似平常,实则蕴含邈远的情思,意味深长。

“然而我不敢说来生,也不敢信来生”,反复强调,否定生命“轮回”说,理性地对待生命,表现了作者高远的人生情怀。

美在诗意。“愿你生命中有够多的云翳,来造一个美丽的黄昏”,这是一句诗句,“云翳”喻指丰富多样的经历、体验;“美丽的黄昏”喻指人活到一定的年龄。或者说到了老年,具有无限感慨又感到幸福和欣慰的景况。冰心老人诚挚地祝愿,希望我们的一生有丰富多样的经历,真正体验人生的美好。 3).仿句练习

仿照“愿你生命中有够多的云翳,来造一个美丽的黄昏”这句话。另写两个句子。

示例:愿你生命中有丰富的色彩,来描绘一幅壮丽的画卷。愿你生命中有动人的音符,来谱写一支雄壮的歌曲。愿你生命中有清冽的甘泉,来酿造一杯醉人的香茗。

第十七课、公输 教学目标:

1、了解墨子。了解墨子非攻的思想主张,认识非正义战争的罪恶,反对侵略,热爱和平,尽自己所能为和平作贡献

2、积累文言文常用词语;学习本文叙事详略得当,论理多用类比的写法。

3、体会墨子高超的劝说艺术;感知文中的人物形象,揣摩人物语言,体会人物的思想感情;培养学生复述、翻译、朗读的能力和严密的逻辑思维能力。 教学重点: 学习本文叙事说理的方法,理清文章思路,把握墨子劝阻楚攻宋的三个步骤;积累文言知识,提高学生的自学能力。

教学方法:诵读法、质疑法、讨论法、练习法。 教学步骤

一、导入新课

1、导言:今天开始我们来学习下册中的第五单元的文言文,本单元所选课文是先秦诸子散文,它们产生于春秋战国时期,当时社会发生急剧变动,针对这种情况,代表社会各阶级、阶层利益的思想家纷纷著书立说,提出了各自的思想观点和政治主张,形成了“百家争鸣”的局面。你能说出一些有代表性的流派吗(儒、道、墨、名、法、阴阳、纵横、农、杂、兵等)?由“墨家”导入课文。墨家的创始人是谁,你知道吗?

2、墨子和《墨子》介绍:(1)指导学生看课文注释① (2)学生介绍自己搜集的有关信息。

墨子(约前476~前390),名翟(dí),相传为战国时期宋国人,后长期住在鲁国,战国初期思想家、政治家、教育家,墨家的创始人。《墨子》原有71篇,现存53篇。是中国战国时期墨家学派的著作总集。一般认为是由墨子的弟子及其再传弟子对墨子言行的辑录,反映了墨家的思想。墨子宣传“非攻”(反对掠夺性战争)“兼爱”(既爱自己和祖国,也爱别人和别国)等主张,反映小生产者的利益和愿望。

今天我们就学习一篇选自《墨子》的文章——《公输》。(板书:《公输》)

3、背景:墨子所处的时代,各诸侯国掠夺性的战争频繁不已,严重破坏了生产,甚至使下层人民被迫“折骨为炊,易子而食”。墨子希望解除劳苦大众的苦难,这是他提出“非攻”“兼爱”等政治主张的思想基础。当时楚国是大国,占有两湖一带广大地区。宋国小,在今河南商丘一带,但处于战略要地。楚国用公输盘制造的器械,接连打败了周围几个国家,于是准备攻打宋国,墨子听到了消息,便从鲁国赶到楚国去止楚攻宋。《公输》写的就是这件事,具体地表现了墨子的“非攻”思想。

二、研习课文

1.整体把握,理解课文内容。速读课文,借助工具书和课下注释扫清语音障碍。

2、学生轻声朗读课文,做好复述课文的准备。指名学生复述课文故事。

3、要求学生一边自行默读课文,一边揣摩对话的语气、语意,体会人物的心理,感受激烈、紧张的气氛。

4、教师适当指导朗读。

5、分角色朗读课文,一边朗读,一边纠正,力求读准。(叙述者、墨子、公输盘、楚惠王) 反复阅读课文,思考墨子是怎样一步步地阻楚攻宋的?并仔细品味墨子的劝说艺术。 6.课文叙述了墨子止楚攻宋的故事,思考:如果你是墨子的话,你想怎样劝阻?(如果你遇到一个身强力壮的人无缘无故地欺负一个弱小者时,你想怎样处理?) (1)速读课文,概括出墨子劝阻楚国攻打宋国的三个步骤。

第一回合是墨子使公输理屈词穷;•第二回合是墨子使楚王理屈词穷; 第三回合是模拟攻守,说明楚国攻打宋国不会有好结果,促使楚王放弃攻宋。

三、课堂小结,布置作业

同学们,通过学习这节课我们重点探讨了前两个情节的内容,欣赏了墨子巧妙的语言艺术。在这两场智斗过程中,墨子令公输盘“服”,令楚王称„善”。但是,楚王仍然要“必取宋”,请同学们课后继续阅读下文,想想墨子是以怎样的方式彻底“打败”了楚国君臣,取得了这场斗争的全面胜利。

四、拓展延伸

1、谈谈你对课文中的人物形象的看法 墨子:机智多谋、无所畏惧、镇定自若

公输:顽固、阴险、狡诈。在民间传说中是能工巧匠,是正面形象,在本文中他既好名又好利,既要为楚国制造云梯攻打宋国,争取楚王宠信,又要标榜自己有“正义感”。 楚王:虚荣、愚蠢、阴险、狡诈。 2.欣赏品味。

本文是一篇以记言为主,趣味盎然的散文,它生动的对话、鲜明的人物形象均给人留下极深的印象。

(1)抓住矛盾,步步深入。(2)一波三折,悬念迭生。(3)运用排比手法,增强了语言的气势,增强了文章的说服力和感染力。

本文是表现墨子怎样以自己大智大勇的精神止楚攻宋的。对楚国的准备情况和墨子赴楚的详细经过都是略写,否则不仅会使行文显得雍肿,而且容易冲淡主题。)

3、学习课文后,最大感受是什么?给予我们什么样的启示?

4、课堂小结。

《公输》通过墨子止楚攻宋的故事,生动地表现了墨子为实现自己的“非攻”主张,所进行的艰苦实践和顽强斗争精神,同时也暴露了公输盘与楚王阴险、狡诈,从而说明了只有把道义和实力结合起来,才能迫使侵略者收敛野心。文章情节波澜起伏,人物形象鲜明,说理充分,语言生动,是《墨子》的代表作。

四、布置作业:课外阅读收录在鲁迅小说集《故事新编》中的《非攻》。第十八课、孟子二章 学习目标

1、扫清字词障碍,熟读课文。

2、大致把握课文内容,理解积累哲理、抒情名句。

3、尽可能积累和理解文言词汇。教学重点

1、熟读课文,力求理解背诵。

2、积累理解“道、环、委、发、举、生、死、人和”等文言实词、短句的含义。

3、理解把握作者在文中说明的哲理。了解和学习作者旷达的胸襟和“以天下为己任”的远大抱负。 教学过程

导入:同学们,大家知道“孔孟之道,仁义为先”这句俗语吗?„孔‟即孔丘,„孟‟即孟轲;今天我们来一起学习与鉴赏我国春秋战国时期思想家、教育家、文学家孟子写的政论文《得道多助,失道寡助》

一、导入

1、作者作品简介

孟子(约前372—前289)名轲,字子舆,邹(今山东邹县)人,战国时期著名的思想家、教育家,是儒家思想的代表人物,地位仅次于孔子,后世常以“孔孟”并称。他生活在兼并战争激烈的战国中期,政治上主张“法先王”。在孔子的“仁”学基础上,提出了系统的“仁政”学说,主张行“仁政”以统一天下,曾游说梁、齐等诸侯国君,均不见用。退而与弟子万章、公孙丑等著书立说。其言论和行动的记载,保留在《孟子》一书中。此书不仅是儒家的重要学术著作,也是我国古代极富特色的散文专集。其文气势充沛,感情洋溢,逻辑严密;既滔滔雄辩,又从容不迫;尤长于譬喻,用形象化的事物与语言,说明复杂的道理。对后世散文家韩愈、柳宗元、苏轼等影响很大。

2、完成对“道、环、委、域、畔、有、人和”等文言实词、“得道多助,失道寡助”“天时不如地利,地利不如人和”等短句的理解和积累;

3、同桌互相进行观摩探讨学习。

⑴、熟读并且背诵课文,同桌互相检查背诵情况。

⑵、讨论并归纳这篇政论文的三要素、把握本文运用的论证方法。共同完成老师板书提出的问题。

四、互相交流,共同学习

1、由学生把自己积累的重要词语(必须是含重点词语的句子)抄写到笔记上,同时,简要的进行音、义解说(同学们自觉增删,并继续补充)

2、教师小结,学生齐读全文。解读课文名句,力求熟读并且背诵课文。

第十九课、鱼我所欲也 教学目的:

1.积累文言词语2.准确、明白的翻译文句3.学习本文比喻恰当,对比鲜明,说理透辟的论证方法

教学重点、难点:

1.对语句及中心的理解。2.对论证方法的理解。 教学课时:2课时 教学内容及步骤

一、题解

孟子主张人性是善的,他认为人生而具有侧隐之心、羞恶之心、礼让之心、是非之心。只要不使这些“善心”丧失,就在道德方面具备“仁义礼智”。本文就是从这种理论出发,阐明了义重于生,义重于利和不义可耻的道理。提出“舍生取义”的主张。孟子认为,如果把生命看得比义更重要,就会做出各种不义的事情来。他对比了两种生死观,赞扬了那些重义轻生、舍生取义的人。斥责了那些苟且偷生。见利忘义的人。告诫人们要辨别义和利,不要失去“本心”。

本文行文流畅,论证严密;引譬设喻,生动形象;排比铺陈,气势恢弘。体现了《孟子》一书的文笔特点。

二、正课

1.朗读课文。注意不读错音,读好句子的节奏和重音,要读得流畅,朗朗上口,读出语言气势和感情。

2.请学生翻译第一段,注意以下字词的解释。 [所欲]“所”动词,相当于名次,意为“喜爱的东西”。 [得兼]同时得到【有甚于】比……更重要

【苟得]苟且得到,这里是“苟且偷生”的意思。【恶】wu,厌恶,与“欲”相反。

【患】祸患,灾难。【使】假如,假使。下文“使”义同。【何不用也】有什么不可以使用的呢?

【由是】按照这种方法。【是故】因此,由此可见。 【非独】不仅仅。【勿丧】不丧失(其本心) 3.齐读全段。

4.请学生概括本段大意,即分析引论部分,说出本文的中心论点是什么? 明确:第一段论证了人皆有羞恶之心,应该并且能够做到“舍生取义”。 5.提问:文章开头写“鱼”和“熊掌”有什么作用?

讨论并归纳:鱼和熊掌两样东西的价值不同,鱼低贱而熊掌珍贵。二者不能同时得到,必然舍弃鱼而选取熊掌;同理,生命和正义的价值也不同.正义要比生命重要得多,二者不能同时得到的情况下,必须舍弃生命选取正义。这里运用了类比推理,提出了“舍生取义”的中心论点。

6.提问:“所欲有甚于生者”“所欲”可以指哪些事情?

讨论并归纳:这里的“所欲”应指正义的事业,如为人民谋解放,为了四化建设,为了别人的安危等。

7.提问:“所恶有甚于死者”“所恶”可以指哪些事情?

讨论并归纳:此题无固定答案。这里的“所恶”应指不正义的不合法不道德的事情,如叛变革命,贪污受贿,滥用职权,杀人放火等。

8.提问:“故患有所不辟”“患”指什么?归纳:指遭到迫害,遇到生命危险等。

9.提问:“非独贤者有是心“是心”指什么?归纳:指侧隐之心、羞恶之心、辞让之心、是非之心等这些善心。

10.分析本段是如何展开论证的?

本段首先由设喻引出论点“舍生而取义者也”,接着运用严密的的的逻辑推理展开分析论证。这个推理过程分两步,第一步是通过对喜爱的东西和厌恶的东西的分析阐明了为了“义”(有甚于生者)可以“舍生”(不为苟得),即使死掉(患有所不避),也不做无“义”的事。第二步是假设推理,设想如果人们所喜爱的没有比生命更重要的,如果人们说厌恶的没有比死亡得厉害的,那么只要保全生命,躲避死亡,就什么事都能干出来。通过正反两方面的推理分析,得出了“所欲有甚于生者,所恶有有甚于死者”的结论。最后进一步指出,“义”不只是少数贤者具备,而是人人皆具备,所不同的只是贤者“求之”,所以“能勿丧耳”,而愚者“舍之”,所以就不再具备了。

11.请学生研读第二自然段,注意以下的重点词语。

【箪】古代盛饭用的圆竹器。【豆】古代盛饭或其他食品的器皿。

【羹】煮或蒸成的汁状、糊状、冻状的食品。【呼尔而与之】没有礼貌地呼喝着给他(尔,助词。

【蹴尔】用脚践踏着。【不屑】因轻视而不肯接受,不愿意接受。 【万钟】钟:古代的一种计量器名。六斛(hú)四斗为一钟。万钟:指 很厚的俸禄。【何加】(有)什么益处。

【奉】奉侍。【所识穷乏者得我与】所识穷乏者:所认识的贫穷的人。得,通 “德”,恩惠,这里是感激的意思,动词。与:通“钦”,语气词。

【乡为身死而不】乡,通“向”,以前。为,为(之)全句:从前为了“礼义”宁死也不接受。 【今为宫室之美为之】第一个“为”,Wei4,介词。第二个“为”,wei2,动

词,这里是接受的意思。【是亦不可以已乎】是,此,这。已,停止,放弃。【本心】天性,天良

12.研读本段、讨论并归纳:

(1)生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也。死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。

(2)呼尔而与之,行道之人弗受;蹴尔而与之,乞人不屑也。

第(1)句意思相反,第(2)句意思相近。这些句式使行文流畅,论证严密,语气连贯,气势恢弘。

讨论并归纳:运用排比句式。加强了语言的气势。

三、小结

本文阐明了义重于生,义重于利和不义可耻的道理,提出了“舍生取义”的中心论点。他对比了两种人生观,赞扬了那些重义轻生、舍生取义的人,斥责了那些苟且偷生、见利忘义的人。告诫人们不辨礼义而贪求富贵的行为是不可取的。

第二十课、《庄子》故事两则 教学目标

1.了解《庄子》及庄子生平、思想。欣赏《惠子相梁》的趣味性,把握比喻的深意。 2.感受“游濠梁”中反映的庄子生活的诗意,了解庄子的志趣。 理解“惠子相梁”中的比喻,把握故事的主旨。 教学难点

1.理解两则故事的寓意。2.引导学生鉴赏庄子寓言的艺术特点。 教学方法

1.比较法通过学生译文和标准译文的比较过好语言关,通过惠子与庄子的对比过好寓言关和思想关,通过

一、二则故事的不同文风比较过好欣赏关。

2.延伸拓展法拓宽阅读视野,了解庄子的思想。《庄子》散文的艺术特点。 教学过程

一、导语设计

先秦诸子散文,虽然主要是政论文,但也是文学艺苑中的奇葩异蕾。《沦语》平实质朴,富含哲理;《孟子》文笔雄健,铿锵有力;《荀子》行文气魄雄浑;《老子》清远深邃;《墨子》质朴;《庄子》恣肆。今天,我们一同欣赏《庄子》散文中的片断。

二、资料助读 庄子与《庄子》

庄子(约公元的369~公元前286),名周,战国时宋国蒙人,我国古代著名的思想家(哲学家)、文学家。道家学派的代表人物之一。《庄子》具有很高的文学价值。其文汪洋恣肆,想象丰富。气势壮阔。《庄子》共33篇,分内篇、外篇、杂篇。内篇7篇为庄子所作,外篇15篇和杂篇11篇1般认为是其门人和后学者的伪作。庄子的想象力极为丰富,语言运用自如,灵活多变,能把一些微妙难言的哲理说得引人入胜。

这两则故事均选自《庄子•秋水》,讲的都是庄子与惠子的故事。《惠子相梁》表现了庄子和惠子截然不同的生活志趣。故事富有趣味性,情节发展出人意料,人物形象对比鲜明,比喻巧妙贴切。《庄子与惠子游于濠梁》表现了两人可以相与游玩、辩论的朋友关系。它虽然由庄子和惠子的辩论组成,但轻松、闲适,让人感受到日常生活中的诗意并为之感染。 这两则故事均选自《庄子•秋水》,讲的都是庄子与惠子的故事。《惠子相梁》表现了庄子和惠子截然不同的生活志趣。故事富有趣味性,情节发展出人意料,人物形象对比鲜明,比喻巧妙贴切。《庄子与惠子游于濠梁》表现了两人可以相与游玩、辩论的朋友关系。它虽然由庄子和惠子的辩论组成,但轻松、闲适,让人感受到日常生活中的诗意并为之感染。 教学本文,目的不在于引导学生深入理解《庄子》一书的思想,把握其艺术特征,而在于拓宽学生的阅读视野,增加他们对传统文化经典的了解。教学中,应引导学生欣赏《惠子相梁》的趣味性,把握比喻的深意;感受“游濠梁”所反映的庄子生活的诗意,了解庄子的志趣。

三、突破语言关

1.学生自读课文,借助课文注释和工具书翻译。

2.多媒体显示课文参考译文。要求学生与自己的译文对照,找出错误的地方,并思考译错的原因。 1.惠子相梁

惠施做了梁国的国相,庄子去看望他。有人告诉惠施说:“庄子到梁国来,想取代你做宰相。”于是惠施非常害怕,在国都搜捕三天三夜。庄子前去见他。说:“南方有一种鸟,它的名字叫鸩鹑,你知道吗?鸩鹑从南海起飞飞到北海去,不是梧桐树不栖息,不是竹子的果实不吃,不是甜美如醴的泉水不喝。在此时猫头鹰拾到一只腐臭的老鼠,鸩鹑鸟从它面前飞过,猫头鹰仰头看着鸩鹑,发出„吓‟的怒斥声。现在你也想用你的梁国来„吓‟我吧?” 2.庄子与惠子游于濠梁

庄子与惠施在濠水的桥上游玩。庄子说:“白鱼在河水中游得多么悠闲自得,这是鱼的快乐啊。”惠施说:“你不是鱼,怎么知道鱼的快乐呢?”庄子说:“你不是我,怎么知道我不知道鱼的快乐呢?”惠施说:“我不是你,固然不知道你;你本来就不是鱼,你不知道鱼的快乐,是可以肯定的!”庄子说:“请从我们最初的话题说起。你说„你哪儿知道鱼快乐‟的话,说明你已经知道我知道鱼快乐而在问我。我是在濠水的桥上知道的。”

《庄子与惠子游于濠梁》中,惠子好辩,重分析。对于事物有一种寻根究底的认知态度,重在知识的探讨。庄子智辩,重观赏,对于外界的认识,带有欣赏的态度,将主观的情意发挥到外物上而产生移情同感的作用。如果说惠子带有逻辑家的个性,那么庄子则具有艺术家的风貌。 教师总结:庄子心境旷达,视荣华富贵如敝屣,他有着高雅的生活情趣。《秋水》一文所宣扬的是庄子一贯的思想,即人的生死、寿夭、祸福、穷通、贵贱、贫富、得失、成败等等都是完全相对的东西,并且是人力所不能左右的,应一切顺其自然。庄子鄙视功名富贵,追求快乐自由便是这种思想支配下的心灵选择。

引申:庄子思想虽有消极虚无的一面,但其根本目标却在于要使人的生活和精神达到一种不为外物所束缚、所统治的绝对自由独立的境界。多少年来,庄子思想曾给乱世中饱经沧桑的心灵以莫大的安慰,即使在物质文明高度发达的今天也有它独特的作用。

《庄子》散文善于通过寓言故事说理,想象神奇,语言灵动而有气势,幽默、诙谐,是诸子散文中的精品。

四、课堂小结

这两则故事集中表现了庄子的思想和《庄子》散文的寓言特色,形象生动,耐人寻味,如甘醴似琼浆,让人百品不厌。希望大家课后阅读《庄子•秋水》,全面了解庄子,包括他的人生观、政治观、社会观,探究庄子与孔孟的区别。

第二十一课、曹刿论战

一、教学目标

l.正确辨析课文中疑难字、词、句的意义。加深对通假字,古今异义现象的认识。

3.理解文章要表明的观点。让学生谈谈曹刿的“远谋”。强化学生的口头表达能力。

二、学法引导

引导学生通过朗读课文,发现问题,疑难字、词、句意的理解。

三、重点•难点•疑点及解决办法

1.辨析疑难字、词、句意,是本文学习的一个重点,可以放手让学生在自学中发现问题,互相讨论后,教师精要讲解。

2.理解本文的观点,是学习本文的又一重点,教师应通过设计带有启发性问题的形式,让学生分析、讨论来解决。

3.理解曹刿的“远谋”是学习本文的一个难点,要从浅入手,在学生理解文章的基础上,指导学生分析。

四、课时安排2课时。

五、教学步骤

l.熟读课文。2.了解课文内容大意。

3.简要介绍《左传》和本文背景材料。

(1)《左传》传说是春秋时期左丘明所作,是根据鲁国的历史写的编年体史书,保存了我国自公元前722年以后200多年间的许多史料,文字化美,尤其善于描写战争及复杂事件,又善于通过对话和行动表现出人物的性格特点,对后代散文的发展有很大影响。

(2)《曹刿论战》记载了发生在公元前684年鲁国与齐国的一场战争。当时,齐鲁两国都在现在的山东境内(齐都临淄,鲁都曲阜),齐国是大国,鲁国是小国。公元前694年,鲁桓公出访齐国,被齐襄公暗杀。鲁桓公死,他的儿子庄公继位。由于齐襄公无道,他的弟弟小白预知齐国将有叛乱,便和鲍叔牙跑往莒国(现山东莒县)寄身。鲁庄公八年,公孙无知杀死齐襄公,自立为君。管仲、召忽辅佐公子纠逃往鲁国。鲁庄公九年,齐国大夫雍廪杀死公孙无知。这时,齐国无君,鲁在公欲送公子纠回国为齐君,但齐襄公的弟弟小白先人齐即了君位,是为桓公。桓公因为鲁国欲纳公子纠的事,怀恨在心,在桓公即位第二年,就是公元前694年,率军攻打鲁国,进行报复。这就是《曹刿论战》所记载的齐鲁长勺之战爆发的直接原因。

《曹刿论战》选自《左传》。从此标题看出,文章把曹刿与鲁庄公对比写,通过曹刿与鲁庄公三问三答得战争取胜的根本原因——“取信于民”,以及曹刿在战场上的指挥,最后以弱胜强,充分表现曹刿“远谋”。 4.朗读课文。试译课文。

(l)学生二人小组借助注解,了解全文每句话的大意。(2)集体逐句讨论全文大意。

下列句中的加点词语要尽量理解对:

牺牲玉帛,弗敢加也,必以信。小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情。忠之属也。可以一战。战则请从。

公将鼓之,刿曰:“末可”。

文章主要通过对话,突出曹刿的“远谋”,显出鲁庄公的“鄙”。

5.理解鲁军取胜的原因。

(1)导语:毛泽东同志在《中国革命战争的战略问题》一文中,曾对本文的内容作了高度概括:“文中指出了战前的政治准备——取信于民,叙述了有利于转入反攻的阵地——长勺,叙述了有利于反攻的时机——彼竭我盈之时,叙述了追击开始的时机——辙乱旗靡之时。”毛主席这段话,有助于我们理解本文。

(2)讨论几个问题

a.讨论“取信于民”指的是哪一件事?

指的是在公说的“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情”这件事,也就是竭尽力量为老百姓办实事。

b.“彼竭我盈”指的是什么时候?

齐人第三次击鼓进军后,鲁公才第一次击鼓之时。

(3)“辙乱”“旗靡”是怎么发现的?

“辙乱”是曹刿下车后仔细观察中发现的;“旗靡”是曹刿登上车前横木瞭望中发现的。

(4)归纳鲁军取胜的原因

有三条:(1)战前有很好的准备,在政治上取信于民,赢得人民的支持;(2)采取后发制人的策略,在齐军土气消失殆尽之时才发动反攻;(3)在齐军辙乱旗靡之时才下个追击。

6.指导背诵。

7.总结、扩展

本文通过鲁齐长勺之战,曹刿帮助鲁庄公击败齐师的故事,说明了“取信于民”是鲁国致胜的决定因素;把握有利的作战时机,运用正确的战略战术,是以弱胜强的重要条件,表现了曹刿的政治远见和军事谋略。

在我国历史上以弱胜强除长勺之战,还有赤壁之战,淝水之战等。

第二十二课、邹忌讽齐王纳谏 教学目标

1、认识除弊纳谏在当时的积极作用和在今天的借鉴意义。

2、了解《战国策》这部国别体史书的基本情况及其在中国文学和史学上的地位。

3、理解和掌握文中重点文言词语的意义和用法。

4、提高借助语境推断文言实词意义的能力。

5、背诵全文。教学重点

1、理解十一个词语在课文中的意思:讽谏谤讥面刺书期美(我)私闻

2、掌握二个通假字:有孰

4、熟悉三个古今异义的词语:地方左右明日

5、注意一个成语:门庭若市

6、解释六个文句,注意其句式特点:A、城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。B、忌不自信。 C、旦日,客从外来,与坐谈。D、吾妻之美我者,私我也;妾之美我者,畏我也;客之美我者,欲有求于我也。E、此所谓战胜于朝廷。F、王之蔽甚矣。 教学难点

1、反复诵读中对文章的写作特色和劝谏技巧的领悟

2、本文记述了邹忌以自己的生活感受为喻,讽劝齐王纳谏除蔽的故事。如何较全面、正确地认识邹忌这个人物形象。 课时安排:2课时 教学过程

一、导语:

唐太宗李世民曾把唐朝名臣魏征批评他的一篇奏章写在屏风上,当作“镜子”,随时对照。他总结自己“照镜子”的体会说:“以铜为镜,可以正衣冠;以古为镜,可以知兴替;以人为镜,可以明得失。”我们可以说,唐太宗李世民是一个很会“照镜子”的人。魏征正是唐太宗的一面镜子,他敢触龙颜,一针见血地指出皇帝的过失;唐太宗纳谏如流,及时改正自己地错误。圣君、贤臣,使唐王朝的政治稳定,国泰民安。历代君主要成就一番霸业,身边没有几位敢进谏言的大臣是不成的;而劝谏能否奏效,一要看做君王的是否贤明,二要看谏者是否注意了进谏的艺术,使“良药”既“爽于口”,又“利于病”。战国时齐威王非常幸运遇到了这样一位贤臣——邹忌。而这位以雄辩著称的谋臣的讽谏之法更是令人叫绝。今天,我们就欣赏选自《战国策》的历史散文《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》。

二、解题

标题“邹忌讽齐王纳谏”巧妙地用一个兼语句式点明了文章内容地两个方面:邹忌讽齐王,齐王纳谏。

邹忌,齐国的谋臣,历事桓公、威王、宣王三朝,以敢于进谏和善辩著称。据史载,一次邹忌听齐威王弹琴,他就籍谈论弹琴,阐述治国安民之道,齐威王听后,大为赞赏,封他为齐相。而当时的谋士淳于髡不服,就用隐语向邹忌提了关于修身、处世、安民、用贤、治国五个难题,邹忌都能对答如流。辩论结束后,淳于髡对他的仆人说,看来这个人破格重用的日子不会远了。时过一年,威王果然封邹忌为成侯。邹忌不仅是一个能言善辩的雄辩家,而且是一个有远见的政治家。

齐威王,是一个很有作为的君王,据史载,他继位之初,好为淫乐,不理政事,结果“百官荒废,诸侯并侵,国且危亡,在于旦暮。”齐威王爱隐语,谋士淳于髡乃以隐语进谏曰:“国中有大鸟,止于王庭,三年不飞不鸣,王知此鸟何也?”齐威王听后顿悟曰:“此鸟不飞则已,一飞冲天;不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。”从此后,齐威王励精图治,修明政治,齐国大治。

三、提供有关《战国策》与战国的资料

《战国策》原名《国事》《短长》《事语》《长书》等,由于书中主要记载的是战国时策士们的言论和行动,所以传到西汉末时,由刘向整理校正后定名为《战国策》,至于这部书的作者,已不可考。

《战国策》所记史实从东周贞定王十七年(公元前452年),到秦始皇三十一年(公元前216年)共245年的历史。全书共三十三篇,分国别编辑。依次是西周一篇,东周一篇,秦五篇,齐六篇,楚四篇,赵四篇,魏四篇,韩三篇,燕三篇,宋卫合一篇,中山一篇。 战国时代,七雄并立,兼并战争比春秋时代更为频繁激烈,各诸侯王纷纷招揽谋臣策士为自己出谋划策,于是作为“士”的这一阶层人物在当时的政治舞台上活跃起来,有的主张连横,有的主张合纵,所以,史称这些人为策士或纵横家,他们提出一定的政治主张或斗争策略,为某些统治集团服务,并且往往利用当时错综复杂的斗争形势游说诸侯采纳。《战国策》就是着重记述这些策士们的言行的。

《战国策》语言活泼流畅,粗中有细,刻画人物栩栩如生,如善于讽谏的谋臣邹忌,任性顽固的贵族老妇人赵太后,追逐功名富贵的策士苏秦。另外,还特别善于运用一些讽喻性的小故事作比,如“画蛇添足”、“狐假虎威”、“南辕北辙”等。《战国策》不愧是先秦历史散文中的一枝奇葩,它对后世史学和文学的影响极为深远。

四、引导学生有目的地朗读课文。

(一)初读课文,读准字音。学生通过初读,筛选出自己读不准或不会读的字,借助工具书查明后再读一遍。易读错的字有:

昳(yì)丽

朝(zhāo)服衣冠(guān)

窥(kuī)镜期(jī)年

朝(cháo)于齐 间(jiàn)进

五、学生根据文下注释,初步理解课文内容。(可逐段讲解)

(一)理解词语在文中的意思

邹忌讽齐王纳谏(讽:用委婉的语言暗示、劝告或指责。与现代汉语“讽刺”不同。谏:臣子向国君提出的意见。)能谤讥于市朝

(公开指出。谤,公开地指责,没有贬义;讥,微言讽刺。注意区别:诽,背地里议论、嘀咕)能面刺寡人之过者(指责)上书谏寡人者(信函,亦泛指文书、文件。这里指奏章) 期年之后(期,一周年叫期年;一整月叫期月)

(二)一词多义

乃重修岳阳楼(兴建,建造)外结好孙权,内修政理(整治)邹忌修八尺有余(长,高)

2、朝

皆朝于齐朝拜于是入朝见威王朝廷朝服衣冠早晨(zhāo)

3、孰

我与城北徐公孰美代词,谁孰视之,自以为不如同“熟”,仔细。

4、诚

臣诚知不如徐公美(确实,的确)帝感其诚诚心、诚意此诚危急存亡之秋也确实、的确

六、品读赏析。

本文可通过以下问题引导学生品味赏析:

1、邹忌是由一件家庭琐事联想到国家政事的。这件家庭琐事是什么? 邹忌向他的妻、妾与客提出自己与徐公谁美的问题。

2、由于感情的不同及身份地位的差异,其妻、妾、客回答问题时的语气有差别。有何不同?请从原文中找出并说明其感情色彩。

明确:其妻曰:“君美甚,徐公何能及君也!”感情色彩是由衷的赞美,口气亦毋庸置疑。妾曰:“徐公何能及君也!”感情色彩是讨好,口气有点勉强。客曰:“徐公不若君之美。”感情色彩是礼貌、尊重,口气有点客气。(可让三位同学分角色表演。)

3、面对妻、妾、客的程度不同,或真或假的赞美,邹忌的态度如何? 明确:面对赞美,邹忌并未得意忘形,邹忌很有自知之明。

4、邹忌是如何“讽”齐王的?讽谏的结果如何?

邹忌入朝后,并未单刀直入向威王进谏,而是以“闺房小事”谈自己的体会,然后以类比的方式委婉进谏。齐威王接受了谏言,发布政令,广开言路,悬赏纳谏。始而“门庭若市”,继尔“时时而间进”,最后“无可进者”,终于“战胜于朝廷”。

三、分析本文在说理以及记叙上的特点。

本文采用了“三叠法”,从头至尾一直使用三层排比的手法写作 三问:妻、妾、友三答

三比:妻私我→宫妇左右私王妾畏我→朝廷之臣畏王 客有求→四境之内有求于王 三赏:上赏中赏下赏

三时:令初下数月之后期年之后

三态:邹忌以现身说法进行讽谏齐威王“下令”广泛征求意见各国“皆朝于齐” 排比与层递,前后呼应,上下关照,形成一种奇特的篇章结构。

四、讨论如何较全面、正确地认识邹忌这个人物形象,以及他讽劝齐王的行为的作用。邹忌这个文章的中心人物,他是一位具有远见卓识,足智多谋,娴于辞令,深谙君王心理的谋士。他在妻、妾、客的交口称赞中,保持了清醒的头脑,终能透过现象看清本质,实事求是地得出了结论。然后他从日常生活小事情联想到关系国家治乱的大事,委婉地劝谏齐王,收到了较好的效果。

邹忌讽劝齐王广开言路,纳谏除弊,修明政治,其主观目的当然在于维护齐王的利益,巩固封建专制统治,这是历史的局限,但他的行为在客观上有利于社会生产力的发展,有利于人民的安定和生活的改善。同时,对于我们今天建设民主法制的社会也有借鉴的价值。邹忌的故事至少告诉我们,作为一个领导者,必须保持清醒的头脑,防止被表面现象所迷惑,要广泛听取批评意见,及时发现和改正缺点错误,不犯或少犯错误。

五、布置作业

1、反复诵读课文

2、巩固所归纳的字词知识

第二十三课、愚公移山 教学目标:

1.掌握文言词语和句式,疏通文意;2.课内拓展阅读,深化课文理解。 教学内容与步骤: [导入环节] 我提个问题,同学们听说过京九铁路吗?它是从北京到哪儿的呢?对,这是贯通我国南北的一条经济大动脉。工人们在修筑这条铁路时,面临的首要问题就是开山、修隧道了,你们知道工人师傅们可能使用哪些工具吗?(潜孔钻、挖掘机、电铲车等)谁曾想到,在远古时候,一个近九十岁的老人,面对着挡在他家门口的两座大山,竟产生了用极其简单的工具去铲除两山的奇想,他这种做法,是聪明的、还是愚蠢的呢?今天我们来学习《愚公移山》,请看,这是本文的学习目标。(我们首先要结合预习来掌握文言基本词句,第二呢,我们要进行课内的拓展,来深化课文的理解。) [感知环节] 请听老师把课文朗读一遍。(范读) (1)基础词语(2)通假字(3)重要句式

设置质疑环节。要求是,尽量用原文回答。

(1)愚公移山的原因是什么?(2)愚公移山的目的是什么? (3)本文出现了哪些人物,他们对愚公移山的态度怎样?

(4)愚公移山的困难有哪些?(可从险要角度上、年龄体力、工具和路途上看) 以上我们了解到了愚公移山的原因、目的、各类人物的态度及移山的困难,那么,愚公移山的决心动摇了吗?他坚信山定能移走的理由是什么? [分析环节] 导入愚公之妻与智叟对愚公态度的不同的话题。 3.分析过程:

找出妻子和智叟的话――嘲笑、关心----角色朗读――分析“如――何”与“其如――何”语气之不同――朗读。那么,这两人同时出来反对他这样做,特别是智叟的嘲讽与阻止,愚公移山的决心动摇了吗?想一想,这两个人物的加入对表现愚公移山态度的坚定起了什么作用?(衬托)

嗯,愚公移山的决心如此坚定,有这个必要吗?

(出示讨论题:有人说,愚公真傻,、、、、绕山开道或者搬家不就行了吗?)

总结:绕山开道或干脆搬家,看起来当然是一种明智的选择,其实,这是一种害怕困难的行为。对不对?这是一篇寓言,寓言是生活中某些普遍道理的反映。本文要说明的是什么道理?(人力可战胜自然)对,愚公不愚,就是因他能以发展的眼光来看问题,他懂得人力可战胜自然的道理。如果绕、、、岂不是屈服于自然,甘心做自然的奴隶么?但是,愚公年近90了,还去叩石垦壤,企图移山的行为的确有些令人不可思议,结合寓言这种文学作品的写作目的,更重要的要结合我们的实际,请问,我们学习这篇文章的目的难道是在学愚公的行为吗?

明确:我们学习本文的目的不在学习愚公的行为,而是要学习愚公的精神。 那么愚公精神的内涵到底是什么?谁能用几个词来概括一下? [拓展环节] 其实,这只不过是一篇带有神话色彩的寓言罢了,但是,在现实生活中,还真有这么一个愚公村,它是位于山西省阳城县西南的王屋山下的一个有着42户人家的小村庄、、、黄发垂髫并怡然自乐。但是它绝不是一个与世隔绝的世外桃源,而是一个以勤劳、拼搏精神致富的真真切切的人类社会。这就是当代愚公的群体形象,幸福生活从哪里来?还能用比这愚公精神更具概括力的词语来回答吗?

想一想,在这个日新月异、科技高速发展的今天,我们是否仍然需要愚公精神?(视时间情况,可安排讨论。)

第二十四课、《诗经》两首 关雎 【教学目的】

1、了解《诗经》的基本常识理解《关雎》所表现的青年男子对美丽善良女子的热烈追求和青年男女真挚美好的爱情生活

2、了解作品所运用的反复和赋、比、兴手法

【教学重点难点】诗歌的反复吟唱所表现出的情感比兴手法的运用 【教学课时】1课时

【教具准备】电脑多媒体,电视机 【教学过程】

一、播放《蒹葭》动画,引入新课学习。

二、作品简介

《诗经》是我国第一部诗歌总集。是西周初年至春秋中叶约五百年间的作品。《诗经》通称为《诗》或《诗三百》,宋代儒家把它奉为经典,才称《诗经》。《诗经》共305篇。分为“风”“雅”“颂”三部分。

《诗经》是我国现实主义优良传统的源头,共思想内容和艺术成就,对我国文学,尤其是诗歌的发展有着深广的影响。诗歌的形式,多数为隔句用韵,并普遍运用“赋”“比”“兴”的手法,在章法上具有重章叠句反复咏唱的特点。

三、课文朗读:播放《关雎》动画,学生朗读课文,了解课文主要内容,读准生字词。(读)

四、认知讨论:就课文内容安排学生进行自主学习讨论,教师可以罗列部分问题引导。(说)

五、学生再次朗读课文,合作探究:讨论《关雎》之美,美在何处?(议)

六、学生试译课文内容(按节),教师补充并归纳。讲解有关《诗经》的基本常识,对重点的生字词提出要求。(说)

七、观看《关雎》动画,学生现场演绎现代版《关雎》(听,看)

八、主题归纳并学生进行必要的教育警示。这首诗表现了古代劳动人民内心的朴实愿望,这是日常生活中思想感情的自然流露,所歌唱的是他们生活中真实感受到的,具有浓厚的乡土气息和生活情趣。抒发的感情热诚真挚、纯洁朴实,全无庸俗虚伪之态,有一种发自内心的纯真之美。

九、课堂作业:完成单页练习,进行“双基练习”。

十、课后作业

1背诵全诗(记)2翻译全诗(写)

蒹葭 教学目标

1、学习《蒹葭》,掌握重章迭句的形式特点,深刻体会比兴的艺术手法。

2、培养和提高学生准确把握作品的思想感情的能力。

3.学生了解我国古代人们对真挚爱情的向往,陶冶高尚的情操。 教学重点难点: 1.引导学生分析《蒹葭》中的人物形象及领会比、兴的艺术表达手法的妙处。 2.把握《蒹葭》中的重章复唱的特点。品味诗歌的语言,准确把握诗中人物的情感。 课时安排1课时 教学步骤

一、导语设计

黑板边书:“聆听三千年华夏先民吟唱感受公元前东方文明辉煌”,同步播放邓丽君《在水一方》,创设情境,为学习《诗经》选篇《蒹葭》作铺垫。

提问:同学们,大家刚才听到的的歌曲优美吗?谁能说出这首歌曲的名字? 明确:电视剧《在水一方》的主题曲《在水一方》。 进一步提问:谁知道歌词的出处?

明确:根据《诗经》中的《蒹葭》改编而成。

这节课,我和同学们一起来学习《诗经》中的一首极其优美的抒情诗《蒹葭》。这首诗。主要是通过美读来感受先人的情感美,来领略华夏民族文化的源远流长。下面我们就进入第一个环节:

三、学生结合注释,译读全诗。

教师提示:诗歌重在吟诵、品味。在译诗时,要运用联想、想象,在头脑中浮现此情此景。

四、

(一)、初读,感受诗的音乐美。

1.第一个环节通过初读诗文,初步感受诗的音乐美。要朗读好诗文,要注意读好它的节奏。要读出诗歌的音乐美,除了诗歌朗读的一般要求外,尤其要读出她的生气,读出她的音乐美。 2.听老师朗读课文。

明确:第一章应该是苍、霜、方长、央;第二章是萋、晞、跻、坻;第三章是采、已、汜、右、坻。 3.学生试读。

师问:在我们朗读时,同学们是否注意到了诗中“叠词”的运用? 明确:苍苍,萋萋,采采……(师生一同总结这首诗中的叠词特点。)

(二)、再读,感受是的绘画美

1.导语:为了更深入地理解诗人的思想感情,我们现在一起进入第二环节的学习。再读诗歌,想象诗歌的绘画美。《蒹葭》之所以成为《诗经》中最经典的诗歌。就是因为这首诗本身就像一幅精美的图画。

2.教师描绘画面,让学生感受画面之美。

金秋之季,拂晓之时,芦花泛白,清露为霜,瑟瑟秋风,苇丛起伏,茫茫秋水。清澈澄明,水上烟波万顷,空中雾霭迷蒙,弯曲的河道,水中的小洲,宛然在日。此时,一位痴情的恋者,踯躅水畔,他热烈而急切地追寻着心上的恋人。那恋人好像在水一方,但一水盈盈,河道阻隔。“伊人”可望而不可即,于是他徘徊往复,心醉神迷,内心痛苦,不可言状。 3.分析比兴手法,明确:比兴—借景抒情,触景生情,

五、探究与研讨,掌握重章迭句的形式特点,深刻体会比兴的艺术手法。

学习这诗的主要表现手法是比兴,所谓“兴”,即先从别的景物引起所咏之物,以为寄托。这是一种委婉含蓄的表现手法。这种手法的优点在于寄托深远,能产生文已尽而意有余的效果。 这首诗还采用了一些双声叠韵的连绵字,以增强诗歌音调的和谐美和描写人物的生动性。如“窈窕”是叠韵;“参差”是双声;“辗转”既是双声又是叠韵。用这类词修饰动作,如“辗转反侧”;摹拟形象,如“窈窕淑女”;描写景物,如“参差荇菜”,无不活泼逼真,声情并茂。 诗的

二、三章只换了几个词,内容与首章基本相同。但它体现了诗歌咏唱的音乐特点,增强了韵律的悠扬和谐美,使表达的情感愈来愈强烈。首章的“苍苍”,次章的“凄凄”,末章的“采采”,写出芦苇的颜色由苍青至凄青到泛白,把深秋凄凉的气氛渲染得越来越浓,烘托出诗人当时所在的环境十分清冷,心境十分寂寞。白露“为霜”、“未浠”、“未已”的变换,描绘出朝露成霜而又融为秋水的渐变情状与过程,形象地面出了时间发展的轨迹,说明诗人天刚放亮就来到河滨,直呆到太阳东升。试想,他独自一人久久徘徊在清冷索寞的旷野,面对茫茫秋水,等人不见,寻人不着,其心情该是何等焦急和惆怅! 描写伊人所在地点时,由于“方”、“湄”、“”三字的变换,就把伊人在彼岸等待诗人和诗人盼望与伊人相会的活动与心理形象而真切地描绘了出来,这样写,大大拓宽了诗的意境。另外,像“长”、“跻”、“右”和“央”、“坻”、“”的变换,也都从不同的道路和方位上描述了他寻见伊人困难重重,想见伊人心情急切的情景。

若把三章诗所用几组变换的词语联系起来加以品味,更能体会到诗的隽永淳厚的意味。

六、课堂小结

《诗经》是人类文明的春天,是初生天地的源头清水,开阔、丰盈、简单、洁净。这源泉处的草木,也跟淳朴的先民及其歌声一样简朴优美。从诗经中走出的女子袅袅娜娜、款款盈盈游历在平原秀野风和日丽中。痴情的少年千回百转,却找不到她的岸。让我们干干净净与素心相通.吟诵这优美的文字,传唱这古老的歌谣!

推荐第3篇:九年级下册英语单词表

• restroom

• *'restru:m+

• n.公共厕所;休息室

• shampoo • *ʃæm'pu:] • n.洗发精

• drugstore • *'drʌɡstɔ:] • n.药店

• department • *di'pɑ:tmənt] • n.部门;(大学的)系

• escalator • *'eskəleitə]

• n.电动扶梯;自动扶梯

• magic • *'mædʒik] • a.有魔力的

• hang out • *+

• vi.挂出;闲逛

• fresh • *freʃ] • a.新鲜的

• block

• *blɔk]

• vt.阻塞;阻挡

• oak • *əuk]

• n.橡树;橡木

• uncrowded • *,ʌn'kraudid]

• a.宽敞的;不拥挤的

• safe • *seif+ • a.安全的

• slide • *slaid+ • v.滑行,滑动

• water slide • *'wɔ:tə slaid] • 水滑道

• clown • *klaun+ • n.小丑;丑角

• staff • *stɑ:f]

• n.职员;全体职员

• dre up • *dres ʌp]

• 穿上盛装;装扮

• market • *'mɑ:kit]

• n.市场;集市

• lend

• *lend+

• vt.借(出);把…借给

• park • *pɑ:k]

• n.公园;停车场

• alright • *ɔ:l'rait] • a.没问题的

• wonder • *'wʌndə]

• v.感到惊奇;想知道

• trouble • *'trʌbl]

• n.麻烦;烦恼

• offend • *ə'fend] • v.冒犯

• structure • *'strʌktʃə]

• n.结构;构造;建筑物

• hand in • *hænd in+

• 交上;提交;呈送

• shake

• *ʃeik]

• v.(使)摇动;震动

• shake hands • *,ʃeik'hændz] • 握手

• custom

• *'kʌstəm]

• n.习俗;风俗习惯

• bow

• *bəu]

• v.鞠躬;弯腰行礼

• ki • *kis+ • n.吻,亲吻

• Cali • *'kɑ:li]

• (哥伦比亚城市)卡利

• Colombia

• *kə'lʌmbiə]

• (拉丁美洲国家)哥伦比亚

• relaxed

• *ri'lækst+

• a.放松的;轻松的

• drop by • *drɔp bai] • 顺便拜访

• Lausanne • *ləu'zɑ:n]

• (瑞士西部城市)洛桑

• Switzerland • *'switsələnd] • n.瑞士

• land

• *lænd+

• n.陆地;土地

• after all • *'ɑ:ftə ɔ:l] • 毕竟;终究

• Peru • *pəˈru] • 秘鲁

• pick • *pik+

• v.采摘;拾取;挑选

• pick up • *pik ʌp]

• v.拾起;开车去接… • wipe • *waip+

• v.擦;擦净;擦干

• napkin • *'næpkin+ • n.餐巾

• make noise • *meik nɔiz]

• 吵闹,发出噪音

• stick • *stik+ • vi.粘住;坚持

• rude • *ru:d+

• a.粗鲁的;无礼的

• point • *pɔint]

• v.指,指向

• manner • *'mænə]

• n.方式;态度;(pl.) • table manners • *'teibl 'mænəz] • 餐桌礼仪

• be used to • *bi: ju:st tu:+ •习惯于

• fork • *fɔ:k]

• n.餐叉;耙

• full • *ful+

• a.满的,充满的;完全的

• lap

• *læp+

• n.(人坐时)膝部;(跑道的

• elbow • *'elbəu]

• n.肘,肘部

• gradually • *'grædjuəli] • adv.逐渐地

• occur • *ə'kə:] • vi.发生

• particular

• *pə'tikjulə]

• a.特别的;个别的

• compliment • *'kɔmplimənt] • n.称赞;恭维

• toast • *'təust]

• n.烤面包;祝酒辞

• unfamiliar • *,ʌnfə'miljə]

• a.不熟悉的;陌生的

• spoon • *spu:n+

• n.匙,调羹

• knife

• *naif+

• n.小刀;匕首

• crowd • *kraud+ • n.人群

• rubbish • *'rʌbiʃ]

• n.垃圾;废物

• seek

• *si:k+

• vt.寻求;探索

• online • *'ɔnlain]

• n.(计算机)在线;联机

• type • *taip+

• n.类型;种类

• mostly • *'məustli]

• adv.主要地;通常;多半

• abbreviation • *ə,bri:vi'eiʃən] • n.缩写;缩略词

• form

• *fɔ:m]

• n.表格;形式

• phrase • *freiz+ • n.短语;习语

• homophone • *'hɔməufəun] • n.同音异形异义词

• combine

• *kəm'bain]

• vt.使结合;使联合

• symbol • *'simbəl]

• n.象征;标志;符号

• punctuation • *,pʌŋktju'eiʃən] • n.标点符号

• mark • *mɑ:k]

• n.标志;记号;痕迹

• emotion • *i'məuʃən] • n.情感;情绪

• feeling • *'fi:liŋ+ • n.感觉;感情

• emoticon • *i'məutikɔn] • n.表情符号

• colon • *'kəulən] • n.冒号

• bracket • *'brækit+

• n.括号

• beside • *bi'said+ • prep.在…旁边

• e-mail • *'i:meil+

• n.电子邮件

• riddle • *'ridl+ • n.谜语

• experiment • *ik'speriment+ • n.实验

• proper

• *'prɔpə]

• a.恰当的,合适的

• please • *pli:z+ • int.请

• queue • *kju:+

• n.行列;长队

• normally

• *'nɔ:məli]

• adv.通常地;正常地.

• seat • *si:t+ • n.座位

• whose • *hu:z+

• pron.谁的(疑问代词)

• lagoon • *lə'ɡu:n] • n.浅湖;礁湖

• scientific • *,saiən'tifik] • a.科学的

• therefore • *'ðεəfɔ:]

• adv.因此,所以

• pink • *piŋk+ • n.粉红色

• lighting • *'laitiŋ+ • n.灯光;照明

• hard • *hɑ:d]

• a.坚硬的;困难的;努力的

• serve

• *sə:v]

• vt.招待(顾客等),服务

• fair • *feə]

• a.公平的,合理的

• campaign • *kæm'pein+ • n.运动

• endangered • *in'deindʒəd] • a.濒临灭绝的

• slogan • *'sləuɡən] • n.标语;口号

• mysterious • *mi'stiəriəs]

• a.神秘的;不可思议的

• shiny

• *'ʃaini]

• a.有光泽的;闪耀的

• skin • *skin+ • n.皮,皮肤

• product • *'prɔdəkt] • n.产品

• lookout • *'lukaut+ • n.前景;远景

• beauty • *'bju:ti+

• n.美丽;美人

• keep out • *ki:p aut+ • 不让...进入

• stardust • *'stɑ:dʌst]

• n.星团;幻觉

• advertising

• *'ædvətaiziŋ+

• n.广告;广告活动;广告业

• pros and cons

• *prəuz ənd kɔns]

• 正面和反面;赞成与反对

• aim

• *eim+

• n.目的;目标

• aim at

• *eim æt+

• 针对;致力于;旨在

• specifically

• *spi'sifikəli]

• adv.特别地;明确地

• instance • *'instəns] • n.例子,实例

• for instance • *fɔ: 'instəns] • 例如,比如

• list • *list+

• n.列表,清单

• confuse • *kən'fju:z]

• v.使糊涂;使迷惑

• mislead • *mis'li:d+ • vt.误导;带错

• lead • *li:d+

• v.领导;带领

• truth

• *tru:θ+

• n.真相,事实;真理

• to start with • *tu: stɑ:t wið] • 首先

• home-made • *'həum'meid] • a.自制的;家里做的

• schoolbag • *'sku:lbæɡ] • n.书包

• purple • *'pə:pl] • n.紫色

• purse • *pə:s] • n.钱包

• guilty • *'ɡilti]

• a.有罪的;内疚的

• taste • [teist]

• n.味道;鉴赏力

• thought

• *θɔ:t]

• n.思想;思考;念头

• count • *kaunt+ • vi.计数

• bathing • *'beiðiŋ+

• n.洗澡;游泳

• suit

• *sju:t+

• vt.适合;使适应

• towel • *'tauəl] • n.毛巾

• water • *'wɔ:tə] • n.水

• guidebook • *ɡaidbuk]

• n.指南;指导手册

• clean out • *kli:n aut+

• 清除;打扫干净

• refrigerator • *ri'fridʒəreitə] • n.冰箱

• garage • *'ɡærɑ:dʒ] • n.汽车库

• suitcase • *'sju:tkeis+ • n.手提箱;衣箱

• chop • *tʃɔp]

• v.砍;劈;剁

• wood

• *wud+

• n.木头,木材;(复)树木,

• light

• *'lait+

• n.光,光亮;灯,灯光

• well • *wel+

• adv.好地;令人满意地;完

• farm • *fɑ:m] • n.农场;农庄

• anyway

• *'eniwei+

• adv.不管怎样,无论如何

• ocean • *'əuʃən] • n.海洋;大洋

• wave • *weiv+

• n.(热、光、声等的)波;波

• scene • *si:n+

• n.场面;情景

• hit • *hit+

• vt.打;撞击;碰撞

• appear

• *ə'piə]

• v.出现;似乎;显得

• lead

• *li:d+

• v.带领;领导

• some day • *sʌm dei]

• (日后)某一天,(将来)总有一

• be off • *bi: ɔ:f]

• 离开,走开

• poem • *'pəuim] • n.诗

• cupboard • *'kʌbəd] • n.碗柜;橱柜

• turn • *tə:n]

• vi.转向;转变;转动

• ancestor • *'ænsestə]

• n.祖宗,祖先

• root • *ru:t+ • n.根,根源,起源

• overseas • *'əuvə'si:z]

• a.海外的;国外的

• homeland • *'həumlænd] • n.祖国

• government • *'ɡʌvənmənt] • n.政府

• so far • *'səu fɑ:] • 到目前为止

• thousands of • *'θauzəndz əv] • 成千上万;几千

• southern • *'sʌðən]

• a.南部的,南方的

• go for walks • *ɡəu fɔ: wɔ:ks] • 去散步

• villager • *'vilidʒə] • n.村民

• thanks to • *θæŋks tu:+ • 幸亏;由于;因为

• strongly

• *'strɔŋli+

• adv.强烈地;坚决地

• purpose • *'pə:pəs]

• n.目的,意图

• step

• *step+

• n.脚步;步骤;梯级

• look forward (to) • *luk 'fɔ:wəd tu:] • 期待

• manatee • *,mænə'ti:] • n.海牛

• furry • *'fə:ri]

• a.毛皮的;似毛皮的;长有毛

• enormous

• *i'nɔ:məs]

• a.巨大的,庞大的

• playful • *'pleiful+

• a.顽皮的;开玩笑的

• aggreive • *ə'ɡresiv]

• a.侵略性的;咄咄逼人的

• gray • *grei+

• a.灰色的;苍白的

• spotted

• *'spɔtid]

• a.有斑点的;弄污的

• kangaroo • *,kænɡə'ru:] • n.袋鼠

• chimpanzee • *,tʃimpən'zi:] • n.黑猩猩

• cheetah • *'tʃi:tə] • n.猎豹

• mangrove • *'mæŋɡrəuv] • n.红树林

• swamp

• *swɔmp]

• n.沼泽;沼泽地

• habitat • *'hæbitæt+ • n.栖息地;住处

• aquatic • *ə'kwætik] • a.水生的;水栖的

• underwater

• *'ʌndə'wɔ:tə]

• a.在水下的;在水中的

• vegetation • *,vedʒi'teiʃən] • n.植被;植物

• weigh • *wei+

• vt.称…的重量

• pound • *paund+

• n.磅;英镑

• discover • *dis'kʌvə]

• v.发现;发觉

• polluted • *pə'lju:tid] • a.被污染的

• present progreive • *'preznt prəˈgresiv] • 现在进行时

• present simple • *'preznt simpl+ • 一般现在时

• infinitive • *in'finətiv]

• n.原形动词;不定式

• paive • *'pæsiv]

• a.被动的;消极的

• paive voice • *'pæsiv vɔis] • 被动语态

• present perfect • *'preznt pɜ:fikt] • 现在完成时

• suitable

• *'sju:təbl]

• a.合适的;适宜的

• tiny

• *'taini+

• a.极小的,微小的

• cage • *keidʒ] • n.笼子

• disgusted • *dis'ɡʌstid] • a.厌恶的;憎恶的

• educate • *'edju:keit+

• v.教育;培养;训练

• care for • *keə fɔ:]

• 照顾;关心;喜欢

• urge • *ə:dʒ]

• v.强烈要求;竭力主张

• expreion • *ik'spreʃən] • n.表达;表情

• recycle • *,ri:'saikl+

• vt.回收;使再循环

• built

• *bilt+

• v.建造(build的过去式

• stuff • [stʌf] • n.材料

• pull

• *pul+

• v.拉;拖;拔

• glue • *ɡlu:] • n.胶水

• roof

• *ru:f+

• n.屋顶;顶部

• discard • *dis'kɑ:d] • v.丢弃;抛弃

• tile • *tail+

• n.瓦片;瓷砖

• fence

• *'fens+

• n.栅栏;围栏;篱笆

• can • *kæn+ • aux.能,可以

• recently • *recently] • adv.最近

• planet • *'plænit+ • n.行星

• society • *sə'saiəti] • n.社会

• inspiration • *,inspə'reiʃən] • n.鼓舞;灵感

• spare • *speə]

• a.空闲的;多余的;剩余的

• model • *'mɔdəl]

• n.模型;模范;模特儿

• raise • *reiz+

• vt.举起;养育

推荐第4篇:九年级英语下册教学计划

九年级英语下册教学计划

指导思想:新学期伊始,在教育方针的指引下,为实施素质教育,培养学生的综合素质能力,本学期的教育教学任务,现对本学期的教学做如下计划:九年级下学期是关键的一期。面对着升学的任务,我的任务也艰巨。本期,我担任九年级(4)班的教学任务,从上期期末的成绩和本学期的实情,制定本班计划如下

学情分析:九年级下学期是关键的一期。面对着升学的压力和任务,我的任务也艰巨。本期,我担任九年级(4)班的教学任务,从上期期末的成绩来看,学生英语较差,成绩好的不多,学生对英语失去了信心,还有一学生觉得英语越来越难,渐渐力不从心了,不感兴趣了这情况,我决定本期教学的时候需要注意在备课中趣味性,以此来学生对英语学习的兴趣,注意在面对绝大多数学生时,注重打好基础,从最基础东西抓起。

目标:本期,我决定在两周新课的教学,然后复习。复习分为三个阶段展开, 阶段:

分册复习。(五周)对每册的单词、短语归纳,整理,让学生记住并应用。语法的复习以学生训练和讲解,便于学生能够理解,比死记硬背好的多。

专题复习。(四周)分为词、句、语法、时态等共十五个专题。并配以多项练习。

中考题型训练。(两周)

听力:能听懂课文大致内容;能抓住简单语段中的观点;回答简单的问题。让学生听磁带练习。完成中考指南听力训练。

单项选择:中考考点,选择的典型题练习并讲解。

完形填空、阅读理解、句型转换、交际用语、综合填空等的训练都要训练。阅读理解是提升,要求能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和;能分析句子结构理解难句和长句;阅读理解的训练。

作文的练习选择热点的题型。能简单写出连贯且结构较完整的句子,能在写作文中文体较规范、语句较通顺;能够通过中招考试对大多数学生的要求。

模拟训练。(两周)在考前的演练,以培训学生的应试技巧和能力。

中考,既要,又要顾及坚决分类教学,分层的教学思想,使学生都能学获。学生英语基础较差的情况,从基础抓起,抓好英语基础知识。语音、语调自然、得体;运用词汇描述的事物、和特征,说明概念,描述、地点、方位的表达等;尽学会使用规定的习惯用语或固定搭配,句型和时态。平时考试中的常见性错误,学生应对考试的能力。

总之,在本期的教育教学中,我将遵照教学计划,本职工作,全身心的投入

教学中,我相信,只要学生和我共同努力,中考会顺利通过。

教学内容时间安排

前二周:教学九年级下册内容至八周:阶段复习第九至十二周:阶段复习第十三至十四周:阶段复习第十四周至结束:阶段:模拟训练

推荐第5篇:九年级英语下册教学计划

2016---2017年九年级下学期英语工作计划

白春丽

一、指导思想

认真学习学科教学大纲和全册教材,根据教材和学生的实际,确定重点难点。面向全体学生,关注每个学生的情感,激发他们学习英语的兴趣,帮助他们建立学习的成就感和自信心。突出学生主体,尊重个体差异,实行分层次教学。引导学生在用中学英语,在做中学英语。改变学生的观念,“我要学”而非“要我学”!让学生在学习英语的过程中体会学习英语的乐趣和感受成功。完成《新课标》所规定的教学内容。为社会培养有用人才,为高一级学校输送合格新生。

二、学情分析

从学习情况及知识技能掌握情况看,大部分学生学习积极性高,学习目的明确,上课认真,作业能按时按量完成,且质量较好,能起到较好的模范带头作用。但也有少部分学生,基础知识薄弱,学习态度欠端正,书写较潦草,作业有时不能及时完成,还有三个学习能力有很大欠缺。已经对英语失去了信心,还有一部分学生觉得英语越来越难,渐渐力不从心了,不感兴趣了,学生上课的注意力也不集中了,发言也不是很活跃。针对这种情况,教学的时候需要注意在备课中增加趣味性,以此来提高学生对英语学习的兴趣。

三、教材分析

我们使用的是新目标教材,由人民教育出版社与汤姆森学习出版集团合作改编而成的。具有如下的特点: 1.教材内容体系的安排由浅入深,循序渐进,由简单到复杂逐步过渡;重视新旧知识的结合和语言语言现象的复现。

2.体例体系新,教材创造了国内最新版课标英语教材编写体例、体系,编写思路清晰,符合学生认知发展规律,方便初学者培养英语学习兴趣,从而很快进入英语学习的状态。单元按语言功能意念项目编排,每一话题四个小节(section)按听说读写的语言技能编排。

3.语言地道,对话之中融入情感态度和文化意识,使学生能在交流中用英语介绍祖国文化,加深对中华民族文化的理解。

4.好教易学,教材充分体现新课标的指导思想,把任务型教学与交际教学法灵活地运用于英语课堂。

四、教学措施与教学方法

本期要复习完成好初中三年来所学的全部内容。本期的重点是对初中三年来所学的语法和常用表达法进行归类,如:各种时态,近义词的辨析;难点是名词的拓展用法和动词短语,这些重难点都应通过在语言材料的学习中及时强化和总结。利用多媒体图文并茂、生动活泼地呈现教学内容,把语言学习和实际生活结合起来,增强学生的听说能力。并通过开展各种任务性活动,巩固所学的知识。鼓励学生通过思考、体验、参与、合作等方式来学习,增强学生独立思考的良好习惯以及口语表达和合作学习的能力;通过阅读训练,培养学生根据不同的阅读任务,运用适宜的阅读策略获取信息的本领,达到提高学生的英语理解能力和语言运用能力的目的。同时,注重学生学习兴趣的培养,以不同方式最大限度的激发学生的学习动机;并让他们了解英语交际中常用的体态语,鼓励学生借助手势、表情等非语言手段来提高交际效果;采用形式多样的写作练习,培养学生的想象力和提高学生的写作技巧。并及时总结语法和日常用语,巩固所学语言知识,使学生对语言功能的认识,由感性上升到理性。在培养学生听说读写语言技能的基础上,开展综合探究活动进一步拓展学生的语言知识,提高学生的语言技能。具体说来就是:

1、紧抓课堂教学,落实好每一个语言知识点,做到当堂内容当堂掌握,狠抓各轮复习要点的落实。

2、提高他们对知识点的敏锐性,特别是在篇章的运用。

3、对于名词、形容词、动词的拓展用法和动词短语的落实要常抓不懈。

4、每天一套听力训练要保证,特别是加强间接获取信息的能力的培养。

5、加强篇章训练,特别是词义猜测题和选标题的巡礼。

6、强化书面表达的规范性。

五、课时进度 Week1: Unit12 Week2: Unit13 Week3:Unit14 Week4: 复习七年级全册 Week5:八年级全册 Week6: 第一轮学习竞赛练

5月21-5月30

第三轮复习:考前指导与模拟考试相结合

6月3-中考

后进生转化

A类学生:课堂上要求能回答较难提问,思考问题积极,教学任务能当堂完成,课后要求阅读一定量课外读物,考试时要求失分不大。

B类学生:加强双基教学,多鼓励多表扬,使他们爱好英语,并且用抓两头促中间的办法使他们时时有危机感。要求能较好地完成教学任务,能回答上课提出的稍难问题。

C类学生:教学中多关心、多爱护他们,平时与他们多进行谈话,让他们认识到英语学科的重要性,平时对他们要求严格但要求不过高。

推荐第6篇:九年级下册英语教学计划

2013-2014年第二学期英语教学计划

王永莲

本学期是整个九年制义务教育的最后一个学期,学生即将面临着严峻的中考考验。这是一次真正意义上的选拔考试,也是学生人生路上的一次重大选择。迎接好这次中考就成为本学期教学的一个中心工作。

一、教材分析

九年级新授12-15单元,复习:七年级每册12个单元全册24个单元(4个复习单元),八年级上12个单元(两个复习单元),八年级下10 个单元(两个复习单元)九年级18个单元(三个复习单元)。为了加强学生的阅读能力,从八年级下册开始在每单元的后面设置了具有跨文化内容的语篇及相关练习。

二、学生情况分析

本学期有大部分学生已经对英语失去了信心,觉得英语越来越难,渐渐力不从心了,不感兴趣了。针对这种情况,教学的时候需要注意在备课中增加基础性和趣味性,以此来提高学生对英语学习的兴趣。

三、教学措施

根据近几年中考试题新特点及学生实际情况,采取\"三轮复习法\"作为毕业班的总复习计划,\"三轮复习法\"要求先全面学习,后进行重点复习和适应性考试复习。做到着眼全面,突出重点,点面结合,把全面复习和重点复习有机结合起来。这样既系统全面又有所侧面的复习,能使学生较好地掌握所学的知识考出优异成绩。

第一轮复习针对学生对已学基础知识,在复习过程中,还要采取一些必要的措施来巩固和增强复习效果。如做到:(一)根据复习内容,布置适量的难度适中的

练习;(二)循环考试,即每学完一部分后,进行阶段性测试,对试卷进行评分登记,以充分调动学生的学习积极性和自觉性。时间:3月中旬-4月份

第二轮复习要求突出重点,牢固掌握,进行专项训练。要求学生对那些在教材中多次出现和辅导教材中一再提及,反复强调部分,应视为重点,格外加以注意。同时有针对性地指导学生记忆的方法, 培养记忆能力。既要教学生解题要领,帮助学生理解题目与题目之间的联系,同时又针对历年中考题型强化训练,使学生在答题时做到灵活运用,触类旁通,举一反三。时间:5月份

第三轮是考前指导与适应性训练相结合,主要目的是适应中考要求,提高应试技巧。本轮侧重培养学生审题解题能力,同时要在教师指导下进行综合练习和模拟测试,知识考查和能力考查并重,时间:6月份

四、后进生转化

A类学生:课堂上要求能回答较难提问,思考问题积极,教学任务能当堂完成,课后要求阅读一定量课外读物,考试时要求失分不大。

B类学生:加强双基教学,多鼓励多表扬,使他们爱好英语,并且用抓两头促中间的办法使他们时时有危机感。要求能较好地完成教学任务,能回答上课提出的稍难问题。

C类学生:教学中多关心、多爱护他们,平时与他们多进行谈话,让他们认识到英语学科的重要性,平时对他们要求严格但要求不过高。

五、教研教改

本学期继续开展课题研究工作。为达到目标,在平时的教学中,要有计划的进行德育渗透,并及时反思,做好笔记。

推荐第7篇:九年级下册英语教学计划

2014---2015第一学期九年级下册英语教学计划

一、指导思想

以2014年初中英语学业水平考试说明的指导思想为依据,在认真分析2013中考基础上,总结经验及教训。努力把学生的英语基本功打扎实,同时加强语言综合应用能力的培养和指导,并且在强化书面英语的同时注重学生听力和阅读能力的提高,力争在今年的中考取得一个理想的成绩。

二、教学目标

1、根据英语课程标准的要求, 注重对学生思维及文化的培养,让学生掌握最基本的语言知识和语言技能,从而培养学生正确,科学的学习方法,为将来的学习打下坚实的基础。

2、以教材为载体,结合教材及学生实际情况,在课堂上努力创设多种教学活动。激发学生主动学习英语的积极性,打造高效课堂向45分钟要质量。

三、学生情况分析

从上学期期末成绩来看,九年级学生的英语学习情况:优秀学生寥寥无几,部分学生已经对英语失去了信心,还有一部分学生放弃学习英语,针对这些情况,教学和备课环节的时候要因材施教,对症下药。

四、教材分析

本学期英语共15个单元,新授教学内容为两个单元,从上学期结束已经上完13个单元,剩余两个单元计划在两周内完成教学任务

(预计3月 5号结课)。紧接着进行第一轮总复习。

具体复习内容包括:

词汇:识记、理解、掌握九年级全册书中的四会单词,并熟练应

用重点单词和短语,习惯用语 。

语法:灵活掌握6种时态,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,

现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时 。

掌握英语的基本句子结构:五种简单句,并列句,复合句(状语

从句及定语从句)。

阅读:主要训练学生根据问题找细节的能力。其次要教给学生分析句子结构的能力。

写作:书面表达是中考中失分最大的题目,所以对于大多数同学,平时注重语言话题材料积累,要求学生注意句子基本结构及正确应用时态。并多做一些连字成句、连句成篇的训练。

听力:能听懂材料大致内容;能抓住简单语段中的观点;回答比

较简单的问题。加强语篇理解训练

五、教学措施

根据学生的情况,本学期采用以下措施:

1.坚持分类教学,分层推进的教学思想,,既要突出重点,又要顾及全面,有的放矢使各类学生都能学有所获。2.系统归纳,分清脉络。依纲扣本,注重双基,夯实基础 。通过复习,要使学生对初中三年的英语学习有个总体的、概括的印象。大到语法项目,小到具体的知识点,使学生脑子中有清晰的框架。

3.讲解和提问结合,辅以听、说、读、写教学实践活动.

4.针对性复习。要求学生熟练地掌握中考中的题型的命题意图。

六、教学进度及复习内容

第一阶段:分册复习。

(3.10—3.14)九年级教材复习Unit13--Unit15

(3.17—3.21)九年级教材复习Unit10--Unit12及一模测试

(3.24—3.28)九年级教材复习Unit7--Unit9及一模分析小结

(3.31—4.4)九年级教材复习Unit4--Unit6

(4 .7—4.11)九年级教材复习Unit1--Unit3

(4 .14—4.18)八年级上教材复习Unit1--Unit10及二模测试

(4 .21—4.25)八年级下教材复习Unit1--Unit10 二模分析小结(4 .28—5.2)综合试题练习及归纳小结

第二阶段:专题复习(2014英语学与练及专题卷)。

(5月初—5月下旬)语法复习、句型训练。以及听力训练、阅读理解、书面表达。

第三阶段:模拟训练(6月初—6月中旬)及三模

在第

一、二阶段复习训练的基础上进行综合训练,以学生为主,对所复习的知识重新整理,查漏补缺。通过精心设计的综合练习,强化考点。同时做好学生的心理辅导。

总之,通过上述三个阶段的复习,我们在每个复习阶段过程中,始终要坚持听力、阅读及写作的训练,这是中考的弱点也是拿分点。让学生从不同角度得到反复的复习和强化练习,由浅入深,有易到难,有简到繁,既有点的知识,又有面的综合,使知识系统化,使能力得到提高、加强。我相信,只要学生和我很好配合,中考会取得一定成效的。

推荐第8篇:冀教版九年级英语下册教案

Leon 1: Poetry, Please Mastery words and expreions: poem, decide, nature, expre,

learn/know …by heart, pleased, happine, shut

Oral words and expreions: poetry, description, continue, beyond Teaching Aims: 1.Learn about the poems in foreign countries.2.Know the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.How to make suggestions.2.The grammar: infinitives.3.Some words and expreions: learn/know …by heart Teaching Difficult Points: The grammar: infinitives Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK AOBUT IT”.

Let the students talk about the questions in groups. 1.Have you written a poem in Chinese? Is it hard? Why? 2.What kinds of poetry do you like best? After a while, let the students in each group present their ideas to the cla in front of the cla.Step2: Listen to the tape and find the answers to the questions: 1.Have Brian finished his poem? 2.What’s Danny’s poem about? Step3: Reading task: 1.Read the text and underline the new words in this leon.2.Present the meanings of the words with the help of the media computer.We can use our body language if neceary.3.Tell the main idea of this leon.Step4: Read the text again and decide the statements are true or false.1.Jenny wrote a Chinese poem.2.Brian wrote a poem about nature.3.Danny learned his poem by heart.Step5: Deal with the language points.How to make a suggestion: Maybe you could write a description of your favourite place.The infinitives: I haven’t decided what to write about.Would you like to hear my poem? I don’t need to read it.

Let the students sum the use of infinitives of this leon.Then encourage them to make more sentences with the grammar.Step6: Activities 1.Divide the cla into several groups.Then let them translate a Chinese poem written by Li Bai or other famous poets.Then compare the translations of the groups.Let’s see which is the best? 2.Each group writes an English poem about the familiar things around us.Then let them change the poems in groups.They may give their own advice to the poems written by others.Step7: Describe the picture in English.

Ask the students work in their formal groups.Then let them read their poems in cla loudly.Step8: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Work with a partner.Let the students talk about the question: which do you think is more difficult to understand, English poetry or Chinese poetry? Homework 1.Finish off the activity book.2.Get more information about the English poetry after cla.Feedback:

The students more little of the English, so that the teacher provides them more information about the English poetry is very neceary.We can use the Internet to help us.The teacher should stimulate the students’ interests about the English poetry.The students can have more time to search more information on the Internet after cla. Blackboard Design

Leon 2: Poems About Nature Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: hill, clear, brave, pale, golden, softly, ki, noisy Oral words and expreions: swiftly, tiny, warmth, scene, related, topic Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ gueing ability of the whole text.2.Enjoy the charming of the English poetry.3.Compare the differences between the English and Chinese poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn the English poetry about nature by hearty.2.Know how to write an English poem.Teaching Difficult Points: Use what we learn to write an English poem.Teaching Aids: audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Divide the cla into several groups.Talk about the next questions: Have you read any poems in English? Which one do you like best? Why? What should you do first if you want to write a poem about winter? Choose several best poems and let the students read them in front of the cla.Show some pictures of winter to the students.Help them to find more words to describe winter.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.1.Does the poem make you think of _______? 2.You can write a poem about _______, too.3.Before you start writing your poetry, think about your _______.Step3: Read the text and find the new words.1.Let the students gue the meanings of the new words.Most of the new words are related nature.So present some pictures to the students to help them understand the new words.2.Ask some students to tell the main idea of this text.Step4: Do with the language points.Make sentences with the new words we learn in this text.Ask if someone can tell a story with the words we learn today.Encourage them to stand in front of the cla and tell his story to us.Step5: Reading task Encourage the students to ask questions about this text.Finish the task in groups.Let the students design questions and exchange them in groups.They can ask questions like this: 1.What are your ideas for a nature poem? 2.What can you do to describe about something? Step6: Activities.Work in groups.

Write a poem about the two pictures.Finish a poem.Then each student in the group correct it before reading it to the cla.Step7: Come to “LET’S DO IT!”

The task is similar to the step6.Finish it in cla.Try to write a poem about one of the seasons.The teacher shows some pictures about the seasons to the students. Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Feedback:

It is fun and interesting to write a poem in English.The teacher tries to write a poem and presents it to the cla.Let the students correct it if they have any good ideas.Some students are interested in English, and they are also interested in poems.So give them more chances to create their minds.Blackboard Design

Leon 3: Say It in Three Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: direction, form, poet, simply, a set number of, middle, clearly, dark, sleepy, unexpected, frog, feeling Oral words and expreions: petal, cherry, grebe, Matsuo Basho, Haiku, particular, pattern, set, syllable, interruption, plop, splash, limerick, Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ reading comprehension.2.Know more about the foreign culture.3.Compare the differences between the Chinese and Japanese poems.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn about an old style of Japanese poem: Haiku.2.Know some styles of poems: Haiku, Nature Poem and Limerick.Teaching Difficult Points: The old form of Japanese poetry: Haiku.Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Show pictures of Japanese poets and poems.Then introduce Haiku to the students.The teacher can find some music to match the poem.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.Usually Haikus are about _______.Haiku always has ______ lines.The first line of a Haiku has _______ syllables.Check the answers in cla in oral.Step3: Read the text and gue the meanings of the new words.Sometimes some new words are too hard to understand, so the teacher can find some related pictures to help them.

If the students bring some pictures about nature to the cla, let them show them in front of the cla.Step4: Read the text and find the answers to the questions: 1.Do Haikus tell a story? 2.What’s a syllable? Step5: Come to “PROJECT”.

1.Divide the cla into groups to finish the task.2.Finish the three poems in the text.Use the sentence: I need a ______.Let the others give the answers, one student write the words down.3.After finishing the poems, read it to the cla.All the groups have different poems.Do they sound funny? 4.Decide a subject by each group.Then make a pattern according to the subject.Then finish the poem as the models in the text.5.Read the poem to the cla.Homework: 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Feedback:

Some students may think the foreign poems are funny and easy.The teacher may also think so.It is poible for the students to create poems like those we have learned in the cla.Give them more chances to create their minds.The teacher can try some poems, too.The cla and the teacher can find much fun in learning foreign poems.Blackboard Design:

Leon 4: The Wish Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: wish, in the middle of, stone, friendship, Teaching Aims: 1.Learn how to sing foreign songs.2.Know more about the foreign culture.3.Learn about the styles of all kinds of poems in other countries.Teaching Important Points: 1.Master the main idea of the song.2.Grasp the use of “without”.3.Make a similar song like this.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of “without”.

Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Listen to the tape for several times.At the same time, ask the students to sing after it.Test how long they grasp the rhythm of the song.Step2: Read the song as a poem.Let the students read the poem as a lyric line by line.Step3: Make a poem like this.

Divide the cla into several groups.Make the similar this.Every group makes a poem.Then present it to the cla.If the others have other better ideas, they can give their advice.Step4: Do with the language points.

Make sentences with the important phrases: in the middle, without.

S1: Danny sits in the middle of the claroom.

S2: There is a stone in the middle of the road.

S3: Fish can’t live without water.

S4: We can’t finish the work without your help.Step5: Come to “PROJECT”.

Finish the task in groups.

1.Everyone in the group chooses one pattern of these poems and writes one by yourself.

2.After writing the poem, show it to the others in the group.

3.Each exams the others’ poems and gives his advice.

4.After examine all of their poems, change them with the other group.Give their reasonable advice.

5.The teacher gives them chances to expre themselves.Homework:

1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Feedback: The students are familiar to the Chinese poetry, but the foreign ones are hard for them.When the students practice, the teacher should give them a hand if neceary.It is a challenge for the Chinese students to write foreign poems.Encourage them more in order to stimulate their interests of learning English.Blackboard Design:

Leon 5: That’s a Funny Limerick!

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: both…and… Oral words and expreions: blank, motion Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ ability of learning by themselves.2.Master one of the patterns of foreign poems.3.Compare the differences between the Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know more about the limerick.2.Learn more words about describing weight, size, feeling and age.Teaching Difficult Points: Know how to write a limerick.Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Let the students answer the questions in cla in oral.1.Ask several students to say funny sayings in English.If they can’t expre themselves in English, they can say them in Chinese.

2.Let some students tell jokes.Encourage them to tell jokes in English.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.

1._______ and _______ help Jenny fill in the blanks in her limerick.2.They choose _______ to describe the weight.Step3: Read and get the main idea of the text.1.Let the students scan the text.Then tell the main idea of the text.2.Find the new words and gue their meanings according to the text.Step4: Do with some language points.Either…or…, both…and…

Let some students make sentences with the help of the pictures.S1: He eats either apples or oranges.S2: Either he or I am good at dancing.S3: Both his teachers and his parents love him.S4: Susan loves both reading and listening.Step5: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Limerick is a kind of poem that has a pattern.Study the “Limerick”.Get the results.1.There are five lines in the limerick.2.From Jenny’s limerick, we can see the first, second and fifth lines have rhyme.Look in the library or search on the Internet to find some information about limericks.Show them to the cla and let them find the patterns of “limerick”.

3.Let different groups act the dialogue out in front of the cla.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Feedback:

Limerick is fun.It’s interesting for the students.The students may like to practice it very much.Everyone writes a limerick.The cla will be full of laughter.Ask the students to begin the similar dialogue in cla to practice the limerick.Blackboard Design

Leon 6: Say It in Five Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: create, single, thought Oral words and expreions: fur, stretch, hum, adjective Teaching Aims: 1.Improve the students’ listening and reading abilities. 2.Know more about the foreign poetry.3.Learn the American five-line poems.Teaching Important Points: 1.Grasp the pattern of the five-line poem.2.Use the pattern to describe something.Teaching Difficult Points: Use the pattern to describe something.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

We all know Chinese poetry has different kinds of patterns.Let the students give some examples.Step2: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Who created the five-line poem? 2.How many poems does the text show us? Finish the listening part in cla in oral.Step3: Reading task: Read and tell the main idea of the text.This is a game to practice the students’ memories.It can improve the students’ summary abilities.Step4: Read and decide the statements are true or false.1.Today we learn a pattern of French poetry.2.The second line has three words.3.The topic of the poem is a noun.Finish the questions in cla in oral.Step5: Activity: Show some pictures to the students.Let them the favourite one to describe.They can work in pairs.Then show their poems to the cla. It’s easy to finish the task, but it is hard to do it well.Step6: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.Work in groups of three or four students.1.Say the differences between a Haiku and a five-line poem.Say about their different forms and different patterns.A haiku is just a description of a scene.It is simply what is happening in this place, at this moment.Five-line poem has five lines.It is always about a single topic.Each line has a set number of words.The first line has one word.The second line has two words.The third, or middle, line has three words.The fourth line has four words.The last line has one word.2.Finish the task in groups.Choose one topic as they like.Then exchange the poems among the groups.Step7: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Ask the students to find more topics after cla.Summary:

We learn different kinds of foreign poetry.They are limericks, five-line poems and Haiku.The students may think they are very interesting.Some students have surprising poems that you didn’t think of.Give them more chances to practice so that they can create their minds.

Leon 7: Trading Poems Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: awake, riddle Oral words and expreions: avenue Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about the foreign culture.2.Create the student’s cooperation ability.Teaching Important Points: 1.Master the written style, letter.2.Learn the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Difficult Points: Write a letter with what we learn in this unit.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Show the type of the letter.Let the students sum how to write a letter.Pay attention to the written style of the envelope.Step2: Listening task Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.1._______ is a beautiful way to expre thoughts and feelings.2.Danny’s teacher says Danny’s always saying _______ things.Let the students listen to the tape and finish the listening task in cla in oral.Step3: Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Does Danny think it is hard to write a poem? 2.Did Li Ming write back to Danny? Ask the students scan the text and answer the questions.Step4: Practice Write a letter to your friends about what we learn in this unit.The teacher encourages them to write a poem to their friend, too.It’s hard, so they can choose any topic that they like.They only write for friends.We don’t need to demand too much.Step5: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish the task in groups of three or four students.In a small group, write a poem like the one in Li Ming’s postcard.

1.First, choose a word your group like.They can choose any word that they like.Because the task is to begin a poem with the letters in this word, everyone can write a word on a piece of paper.Then they can choose one from these.2.Use each letter in this word to begin a line of our poem.Everyone in the group can write different poem according to the word.Then they can exchange their poems and give advice to each other.3.Make a poster to display your poems on the wall.It takes some time to design the poster.

4.Which one do you think is the best? Give your reasons.

Let the students choose the best poem that they like best and give their reasons in front of the cla.Step6: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The last poem that we learn in Li Ming’s postcard is very interest

Leon 8: Unit Review

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions from Leon1 to Leon7.Oral words and expreions from Leon1 to Leon7.Teaching Aims: 1.Improve the students’ ability of using what we learn in this unit.2.Stimulate the students’ mind of learning about Chinese and foreign poetry.3.Know the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Making suggestions.2.Master the use of infinitives.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of infinitives.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: review leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Listen to some beautiful poems in Chinese or in English.Music usually creates atmosphere for the students.

If anyone can recite some English poems, the teacher can give them chances to recite in front of the cla.Step2: Do the exercises in Leon8.At the same time, the teacher walks in the claroom and see if they have any trouble to solve.Step3: Let the students write some difficulties on the blackboard.Then let’s try to solve them together.

The most important grammar is the infinitive.For example: I haven’t decided what to write.

Li Ming has something important to do, so he can’t come to your party.My wish is to go to space.It’s not easy to walk against a strong wind.Step4: Practice the spoken English.Make a similar dialogue according to the Speaking the Language part.It’s how to make suggestions.

Ask the students work in pairs to make up dialogues like this.Then present it in front of the cla.Step5: Play “Story Game’.

Work in groups to finish the task.When the students play the game, the teacher walks around the claroom and see if any group needs help.At last, ask each group presents their stories to the others in front of the cla.Whose story is the funniest? Step6: Homework 1.Finish the exercises in activity book.2.Preview the next leon.Summary:

Poetry is an important part of culture.So it is useful to learn it well.This unit gives us opportunities to practice.Making suggestions is important, too.So let the students make dialogues to practice it.The teacher should pay attention to the infinitives in this unit.We should practice more in this cla.

Leon 9: What’s a “Horkey”?

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: helpful, at the same time Oral words and expreions: DNA, combine, juicy, mule, donkey Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about cloning. 2.How to combine two different things.Teaching Important Points:

1.Talk about the ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunctions.3.Combine two different things.Teaching Difficult Points: Talk about the ability and inability.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in the cla by showing some pictures about combining to the students.They may be about different things, such as food, fruit, animals and other things.

Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Can Danny combine a donut and a pizza? 2.Who wants to combine a cow and a chick? Let the students answer the questions with the help of the pictures.Finish the task in oral in cla.Step3.Read the text and fill in the blanks with the correct words. 1.We can combine two different ______ or two different ______.2.Brian would combine ______ and ______.Look through the whole text quickly and answer the questions in cla in oral.Step4.Encourage the students find the new words in this leon.Give more examples and let the students understand more about the words.I would combine a donut and a pizza.Then I could have breakfast and lunch together.Then I would have little, juicy bananas.Do you know what a mule is? It has a horse as mother and a donkey as a father.Step5.Read the text again and encourage them to find more questions about the text.One student stands up and asks a question.The others who want to answer can stand up and answer it as quickly as he can.For example: 1.What would you combine? 2.What about combining a duck and a deer? 3.Can we combine apples and bananas? Step6.Come to “PROJECT”.

Finish the task in groups of three or four students.Think about something that is combined by two different things.Each of the group writes his answer down and shows it to others.Then choose the most meaningful one to study.What will your group combine? What if you combine the two things? What can it do for us? What’s its advantage? Talk about the questions above, then sum their ideas.Give a report in front of the cla.Demonstrate your ideas.Describe the thing that you combine in detail.Describe its advantages and disadvantages.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary In this leon, we learn to combine two different things together.In order to get new living things, we must make full use of our imagination.What can the things that we combine are used for? It is important for us to discu.During the discuion, we practice our spoken English.

Leon 10: What is DNA? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: generally, twin, clone, not only…but also Oral words and expreions: blueprint, identical, egg, identify Teaching Aims: 1.Know how to write a paage on science.2.Learn something about DNA.3.Know more about our body.Teaching Important Point: 1.Master the words and expreions of this leon.2.The ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Point: The use of DNA.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in the text by discuing what DNA is.Divide the cla into several groups.Then talk about the subject for several minutes.Then one of the groups presents their opinions in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task:

Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words you hear.1.Generally speaking, a ______ is a drawing.2.______ for identical twins, each living thing has its own unique DNA.Play the tape once.Then let the students try to finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text quickly and answer the following questions: 1.Where does your DNA come from? 2.Is your DNA in every part of your body? Finish the reading task in cla in oral.Try to get more information about the text at the same time.Step4.Read the text again.Find the sentences with the new words.Try to create situation about the new words.Then make sentences with the new words.If someone can make a whole story with the new words that we learn in this leon, the teacher must encourage her. The sentences with the new words: Generally speaking, a blueprint is a drawing.Identical twins are two children that grew from the same egg.They are clones.From your DNA, scientists can identify not only you, but also people related to you.Step5.Let some students tell some details about the text. What is DNA?

Where is your DNA from? What is DNA used for? Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish the task with a partner.Find the things about you that show your parents’ DNA.Talk about if for a while.Then let some volunteers come to the front to talk about the subject.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

You look like your father or your mother.That identifies the DNA of your body from your parents.DNA is very fascinating.Each living thing has its own unique DNA.Try to find more ways to use the DNA in many fields.Discu the use of DNA in this cla.Make full use of it to help more people in the world in more fields

Leon 11: Cloning People? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: exactly, divide, crazy Oral words and expreions: human being, original, adult, Dolly, insect Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about cloning.2.Create the students’ spirit of cooperation.Teaching Important Points: 1.The advantages and disadvantages of cloning.2.The expreion of ability and disability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Points: The advantages and disadvantages of cloning.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure:

Step1: Show a picture of Dolly.Then let the students discu what our life will be if we make a clone of ourselves.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Discu for five minutes.Then present their results to the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words you hear.1.The clones are the ______ height.2.There are ______ ways to clone people.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1.We can make clones from dead animals.2.Each clone would be a different person.3.We can combine the DNA of pigs and dogs.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Pair work: Read the text again and find more details about the text.Try to solve the following problems.Talk about them with your partner.At the same time, encourage them to ask more questions about the text.How many ways are there to clone people? What are they? Do you want a clone of your self? Why? What is the use of cloning? Try to finish it in a limited time in order to improve their comprehension ability.Step5.Read the text by the students.Give the students time to listen to the tape again.Then make a chance for them to practice in front of the cla. Step6.A debate Divide the cla into two groups.One group is for the advantages of cloning.The other is for the disadvantages of cloning.The teacher designs the task in order to find out the meanings of cloning.Step 7.Come to “LET’S DO IT’.

This task is similar to the one is step6.This topic is about the food.The students can use their imaginations.Of course the best way is to search on the Internet for more information about the subject.Step8.Homework 1.Search more information about cloning on the Internet or in the newspaper.

2.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.Summary:

Cloning is a popular subject in the modern society.It is good for the students to know more about that.Encourage the students to find out more information on the Internet.They can use other tools to get more.Give them chances to present their results in the next leon.Leon 12: Did You Ever See a “Chorse”?

Teaching Content: There are no new words and expreions in this leon.Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about combining.2.Find the differences between the Chinese and foreign songs.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreion of ability and disability.2.The use of coordinating conjunctions.3.Sing the song fluently.Teaching Difficult Points: Combine two different living things.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Show some pictures of animals to the students.Let them imagine what animals what animals they would like to combine. What would they look like? What are they used for? Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Then discu the questions for five minutes.After a while, show their results to the cla in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the song and repeat after it.Play the tape for several times.Let the students to be familiar to the rhythm of the song.Step3.Read the song as a lyric.Then let the students make up other similar songs according to their imagination. Let some volunteers present their song to the cla.

Step4.Let the students try to sing the song together.Play the tape again.Ask them to sing after it for several times again. Step5.Ask some volunteers to sing in front of the cla. Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.Work in a small group to finish the task.

Use the pattern in the song to tell customers about your new animals.Describe the new animals in the following ways.What animals will you combine? What is the new animal look like? What are they used for? What will you name them? At last, they can present their result in words or in pictures.Let the students talk about the subject for five minutes.Then let one of the members come to the front and present their result.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Practice the song after cla. Summary:

This song is about combining.Combine two different things together by changing their DNA.It is a new technique.We must make full use of it in many ways.The students today are the future scientists and engineers.So let them know more about coming is good for them.Give them more chance to search after cla.Help them to use many tools to teach themselves.

Leon 13: Clones Are the Same Teaching Content: Oral words and expreions: laboratory Teaching Aims:

1.Practice the students’ spoken English.2.Create the students’ imaginations.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know more about cloning.2.The expreion of ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Points: The expreion of ability and inability.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Talk about the question “What would you like to clone?” in groups.They can use the following patterns: What would you like to clone? Why? Give the students five minutes.Then let them act their dialogues out in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Jenny would like to clone a dog.2.Danny would clone himself.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Scan the text and answer the following questions: 1.What would Jenny like to clone? 2.What would Brian like to clone? 3.Why would Danny like to clone himself? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and find the main idea of the text.Ask some students to say it in front of the cla.Step5.A Game Make up a similar dialogue according to the text.Finish the task in groups of three or four.Give them five minutes.And then ask the students to present their dialogues in front of the cla.Step6.Discuion Discu the use of the clones of yourself.If you have a clone of yourself, what would you like him to do for you? Do you think it is very useful? Step7.Come to “PROJECT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Talk about the subject “Have you heard of cloned animals?” The next is “If you are a scientist, what would you like to clone? Why?”

Talk about the subjects in groups.The students may have five minutes to finish the task.Then try to present your result to the cla in front of the cla.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Cloning is new to some students.It is useful to give them more time to talk about the subject.They can find more information about cloning on the Internet or with other tools.Encourage them to know more after cla by themselves

Leon 14: A Clone of My Own Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: secret, copy, doubt, stupid, che, robot Oral words and expreions: foolish, flute, closet, prefer, play che, prefer…to… Teaching Aims:

1.Improve the students’ written ability.2.Create the students’ imaginations.Teaching Important Points: 1.Imagine the use of cloning in our daily life.2.The expreion of ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions. Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Talk about the question: Would you like to have a clone of yourselves? Why? Finish the task in groups.Give the students five minutes to discu the subject.Then let the students present it in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the flowing questions: 1.How old is Kate? 2.What does “foolish” mean? Finish the task in cla in oral.

Step3.Scan the text and decide the following statements are True or False: 1.Katie would like a secret clone.2.Katie already has three sisters.3.Katie’s clone would live the living room with Katie.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and try to find the sentences with the new words.What does Katie mean by “a secret clone”? I doubt what she says! “Foolish” means “silly or stupid”.Also, she would play che with me.Maybe I need a robot! She would feed my tow cats, clean my room and practise my flute. Step5.Ask some students to tell the main idea of the text.Let some students say it in front of the cla.Step6.Group Work Talk about the subject in groups.Talk for about five minutes.If you have a clone of yourself, what would you like her or him to do for you? Write what you think of down on a piece of paper.Then exchange their ideas in groups.One of the members sum what they think of.Then present it in front of the cla.Step7.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish the task in pairs.Make up a dialogue with a partner and act it out in front of the cla.

Encourage them to make the story funny. Make the ending surprising.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

It is fun to give the students chances to speak in front of the cla.Sometimes they think they are not happy in their daily life.They don’t want to do something sometimes, so they want someone else to do it for him or her.Maybe some students think clones of themselves are useful to them.

Leon 15: Cloning Questions

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: neither, nor, neither…nor…, dead Oral words and expreions: mammoth Teaching Aims:

1.Be familiar to the e-mail.2.Know more about cloning.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreions of ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by showing some pictures of cloning.Let the students talk about the use of cloning. What is cloning? What is cloning used for? What can we do with cloning? Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.What did Li Ming study this week in school? 2.What’s the name of the first cloned animal? Ask the students to answer the questions in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text and decide the statements are True or False.1.Li Ming doesn’t think cloning is interesting.2.Li Ming knew how the sheep Dolly cloned.3.Jenny has ever studied cloning.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and find the sentences with the new words.Let the students gue the meanings of the new words.Give more examples with the new words.I knew that English scientists had cloned a sheep, but I knew neither how nor why.I chose mammoths.Ask the students to make sentences with neither…nor… He is neither a teacher nor a doctor.Neither he nor I am thirteen years old.Step5.Sum the main idea of the two e-mails.Let the students tell them in their own words, not word by word according to the content of the e-mails. Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Use the Internet or other tools to find more information about cloning.

Talk about what, where, when, why and how cloning is taking place.Everyone writes down a short paage, then exchange it with the others.Next one of the members of the group gives a report in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Ask your parents for some information about cloning.Summary:

Cloning is new to the students.Let them get more information on the Internet.That is helpful for them.It is helpful for them to use the Internet for some important information.On th the coordination conjunctions are important in this unit.So make more practice in cla.

Leon 16: Unit Review Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions in this unit.Oral words and expreions in this unit.Teaching Aims: 1.Learn to use the Internet and other tools to search more information.2.Know more about cloning.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreion of ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: review leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Group work Talk about the question in groups.“What do you like to clone the most? Why?” Let the students write their opinions down on a piece of paper.Then exchange their opinions.At last, one of the members sums the opinions and gives a report in front of the cla.Step2.Finish the exercises in this leon.Find out the problems and write them down on the blackboard.

Discu the problem together and find out the correct way to solve the problems.Step3.Do with “Grammar in Use”.

Let the students finish the exercises.Then ask the students to make some sentences with neither…nor…, not only…but also….Not only he but also his father is handsome.Neither my mother nor my father likes this kind of fruit.Step4.Come to “Speaking the Language”.

Complete the dialogue.Then ask the students to make a similar dialogue with his partner.Then present it in front of the cla. Step5.Play the game “Stop-Go”

Play the game in front of the cla.Start the game with 10 volunteers from the cla.Play the game to practice the “ability and inability” expreions on this page.Change the students to play the game if the time is enough.Step6.Group work Divide the cla into several groups.Ask them to introduce themselves in the group.Then choose two best ones to present in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Find out more information about cloning on the Internet.Summary:

This unit is designed to review the main language points in this unit.It is used to build the vocabulary of the unit.Practice the grammars and spoken English in this unit.All those are put in a situation of cloning.Cloning is a new subject for the students.It is very interesting to discu.

Leon 17: Do Mistakes Matter? Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: pardon, mention, pocket, double, mistake, make a mistake, depend, common Oral words and expreions: Bruce, confused, confusing, depend on, bargaining Teaching aims: 1.Know the cultural differences between China and western countries.2.Improve the students’ abilities of speaking English.Teaching Important Points:

1.Target language: I made a mistake.He looks confused.Buying things in China is confusing.2.Train the students’ focus abilities and cooperation spirit.Teaching Difficult Points: the difficult cultures of different countries Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching procedures: Step1.Lead in The teacher shows some pictures to the students with the Multi-media computer.The pictures show the differences between China and Western countries. From the people’s appearance and the colour of the skin,We can tell the differences.The others show cultural differences.We use chopsticks but they use the fork and knives.Divide the cla into several groups and finish the task.Encourage the students to speak more.They can use their own pictures to help them. Step2.Listening task

Listen to the text and answer the following question: 1.Where is Bruce from? 2.What does Bruce’s father do?

3.How much does Li Ming pay for the two pops? 4.How much did Bruce pay for one pop?

Ask the students to listen carefully and answer the questions.We can arrange the students to listen to the part that is connected with the two questions.Step3.Read and find the new words: He looks confused.

Buying things in China is confusing. I made a mistake.

Let the students try to make sentences with the new words. Step4.Reading task:

Read the text again and answer the questions: What are Bruce and Li Ming doing? Is Bruce confusing?

Where don’t people try to change the price, in China or in North America?

Encourage the students to ask more questions by themselves. Step5.Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the words given. 1.My brother is _______(迷惑的). 2.It is so ______(迷惑的) a thing. 3.Does he often ______(犯错误)?

This part is used to check if they have grasped the new words. Step6.Activity

Suppose you and Bruce are shopping, you are bargaining with the clerk.Bruce can bargain, too.

Divide the cla into several groups and talks about the questions.After a while, let the students act their out in front of the cla.

Encourage the students to speak loudly in front of the cla.Choose the best group and praise them.Step7.Think about: What’s the difference between people in China and North America when they are shopping?

Use the formal group to finish the task.When the students discu, the teacher walks around the claroom to see if they need any help. Step8.Talk about: Where would you like to buy things, in shopping center or market? Let them debate the questions.As usual, the cla can be divided into two groups.One group thinks the shopping center is good.The other thinks the market is better.Let them debate for five minutes.Then let one student in each group to sum the opinions of his own group. Step9.Homework

Find more information about the differences between China and western countries. Summary:

This interesting text is about bargaining in China.It’s based on the different cultures between Chinese and Western countries.In some countries in North America, people don’t try to bargain, so some foreign friends feel confused when they buy things in China.Try to help them when you meet foreigners.Try to find more differences between Chinese and Western countries on the Internet.

Leon 18: Wait! Don’t Eat Yet!

Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: society, politely, manner, especially, unle, polite, fork, serve, forever, act, compare, theirs Oral words and expreions: custom, tablecloth, rude, toothpick, Spaghetti, sauce Teaching Aims: 1.Find the differences between the Chinese and Western customs at table.2.Cultivate the students’ creation and cooperation spirit.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreions of similarities and differences.2.Grasp the Past Future Tense. Teaching Difficult Points: The expreions of similarities and differences.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching Procedures: Step1.Lead in: a pair work.

The teacher asks the students the following question: Have you ever traveled to other places? Where have you been?

Show some pictures with the help of the multi-media.The pictures are from Australia, France, China, England, America and Japan.

Let the students discu for 2 or 3 minutes.Then let them say in front of the cla.When the student is speaking, the others can ask him or her questions about his subject. Step2.Listening task Listen and answer the following questions: 1.Table manners in China and Canada are quite ______.2.In China, if your guests have no food on their plates, putting food on their plates is ______.3.It’s ______ to use a toothpick at the table.Finish the task in cla in oral.

Step3.Read the text and find out the sentences with the new words.All societies have customs about how to eat politely.We call these customs “table manners”.

It’s okay to eat it, especially if it’s something dry, like a piece of bread.In Canada, if you drop something on the tablecloth, you pick it up and put it on your plate.Parents are forever telling their children: “Don’t talk with your moth full!”

Step4.Reading task: Read the text and decide the statements are true or false.1.In China, if you drop something on the tablecloth, you usually pick it up and eat it.2.In Canada, to finish the food in front of the cla in rude.In China, everybody has a knife at the table.Exercises: Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the words given.1.I think______(sing) loudly at table is not polite.

2.It’s rude ______ (point) to the others when you eat at table.3.His mother said he ______ (return) the fork to the restaurant tomorrow.4.Nobody ______(know) the secret except me.Step6.Activity:

Project: What’s the story? 1.Find pictures in magazines.

2.Make up a quick story about your picture.

3.Trade your picture with the students from another group.Practice:

Show some pictures to the students.Let the students picture them.Show some different pictures in different situations.Let them give vivid description.When they finish one picture, try to show them the whole story.If we don’t have enough time, show them the main idea. Step8.Consolidation

Suppose you have a foreign friend.He will come to China.Make a chart.Write down his/her name, his nationality, his language and his aims.Show it to your partner, then finish it in cla.

Leon 19:Sayings

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: culture, several, action, fly, as soon as Oral words and expreions: saying, penny, earn, boil, hatch, judge, prevention, cure, worm, fence, spoil, broth, honey, vinegar, Nick, giggle Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about the differences between the Chinese and Western table manners.2.Train the students focus abilities.3.Cultivate the students’ cooperation abilities.Teaching Important Points:

1.Understanding the English saying.2.The expreions of similarities and differences. 3.The past future tense.Teaching Difficult Points: Learn the expreions of similarities and differences between Chinese and Western countries on table manners and sayings.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching Procedures: Step1.Lead in: The teacher begins the cla by discuing the question.It is a group activity.Ask the students to tell the manners at the table.

In the activity, the students will think of many funny stories.Give them chance to speak in front of the cla.Praise the groups that act well.Step2.Listening task: Listen and answer the following questions: 1.Who does Nick sit beside?

推荐第9篇:冀教版九年级英语下册教案

冀教版九年级英语下册全套教案(48课)

Leon 1: Poetry, Please Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: poem, decide, nature, expre, learn/know …by heart, pleased, happine, shut Oral words and expreions: poetry, description, continue, beyond Teaching Aims: 1.Learn about the poems in foreign countries.2.Know the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.How to make suggestions.2.The grammar: infinitives.3.Some words and expreions: learn/know …by heart Teaching Difficult Points: The grammar: infinitives Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK AOBUT IT”.

Let the students talk about the questions in groups.

1.Have you written a poem in Chinese? Is it hard? Why? 2.What kinds of poetry do you like best? After a while, let the students in each group present their ideas to the cla in front of the cla.Step2: Listen to the tape and find the answers to the questions: 1.Have Brian finished his poem? 2.What’s Danny’s poem about? Step3: Reading task: 1.Read the text and underline the new words in this leon.Present the meanings of the words with the help of the media computer.We can use our body language if neceary.3.Tell the main idea of this leon.Step4: Read the text again and decide the statements are true or false.1.Jenny wrote a Chinese poem.2.Brian wrote a poem about nature.3.Danny learned his poem by heart.Step5: Deal with the language points.How to make a suggestion: Maybe you could write a description of your favourite place.The infinitives: I haven’t decided what to write about.Would you like to hear my poem? Do you really want to hear? I don’t need to read it.

Let the students sum the use of infinitives of this leon.Then encourage them to make more sentences with the grammar.Step5: Activities 1.Divide the cla into several groups.Then let them translate a Chinese poem written by Li Bai or other famous poets.Then compare the translations of the groups.Let’s see which is the best.2.Each group writes an English poem about the familiar things around us.Then let them change the poems in groups.They may give their own advice to the poems written by others.Step6: Describe the picture in English.

Ask the students work in their formal groups.Then let them read their poems in cla loudly.Step7: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Work with a partner.Let the students talk about the question: which do you think is more difficult to understand, English poetry or Chinese poetry? All of the students have seen much Chinese poetry, but few of them have seen English poetry.So present the students several English poems.Let them discu the mean ideas of the poems.Then let them finish the task.Step8: Homework 1.Finish off the activity book.2.Get more information about the English poetry after cla.Summary:

The students more little of the English, so that the teacher provides them more information about the English poetry is very neceary.We can use the Internet to help us.The teacher should stimulate the students’ interests about the English poetry.The students can have more time to search more information on the Internet after cla.

Leon 2: Poems About Nature Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: hill, clear, brave, pale, golden, softly, ki, noisy Oral words and expreions: swiftly, tiny, warmth, scene, related, topic Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ gueing ability of the whole text.2.Enjoy the charming of the English poetry.3.Compare the differences between the English and Chinese poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn the English poetry about nature by hearty.2.Know how to write an English poem.Teaching Difficult Points: Use what we learn to write an English poem.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Divide the cla into several groups.Talk about the next questions: Have you read any poems in English? Which one do you like best? Why? What should you do first if you want to write a poem about winter? Choose several best poems and let the students read them in front of the cla.Show some pictures of winter to the students.Help them to find more words to describe winter.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.1.Does the poem make you think of _______? 2.You can write a poem about _______, too.3.Before you start writing your poetry, think about your _______.Step3: Read the text and find the new words.1.Let the students gue the meanings of the new words.Most of the new words are related nature.So present some pictures to the students to help them understand the new words.2.Ask some students to tell the main idea of this text.Step4: Do with the language points.Make sentences with the new words we learn in this text.Ask if someone can tell a story with the words we learn today.Encourage them to stand in front of the cla and tell his story to us.Step5: Reading task Encourage the students to ask questions about this text.Finish the task in groups.Let the students design questions and exchange them in groups.They can ask questions like this: 1.What are your ideas for a nature poem? 2.What can you do to describe about something? Step6: Activities.Work in groups.

Write a poem about the two pictures.Finish a poem.Then each student in the group correct it before reading it to the cla.Step7: Come to “LET’S DO IT!”

The task is similar to the step6.Finish it in cla.Try to write a poem about one of the seasons.The teacher shows some pictures about the seasons to the students. Step8: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

It is fun and interesting to write a poem in English.The teacher tries to write a poem and presents it to the cla.Let the students correct it if they have any good ideas.Some students are interested in English, and they are also interested in poems.So give them more chances to create their minds.

Leon 3: Say It in Three Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: direction, form, poet, simply, a set number of, middle, clearly, dark, sleepy, unexpected, frog, feeling Oral words and expreions: petal, cherry, grebe, Matsuo Basho, Haiku, particular, pattern, set, syllable, interruption, plop, splash, limerick, adverb Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ reading comprehension.2.Know more about the foreign culture.3.Compare the differences between the Chinese and Japanese poems.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn about an old style of Japanese poem: Haiku.2.Know some styles of poems: Haiku, Nature Poem and Limerick.Teaching Difficult Points: The old form of Japanese poetry: Haiku.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Show pictures of Japanese poets and poems.Then introduce Haiku to the students.The teacher can find some music to match the poem.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.Usually Haikus are about _______.Haiku always has ______ lines.The first line of a Haiku has _______ syllables.Check the answers in cla in oral.Step3: Read the text and gue the meanings of the new words.Sometimes some new words are too hard to understand, so the teacher can find some related pictures to help them.

If the students bring some pictures about nature to the cla, let them show them in front of the cla.Step4: Read the text and find the answers to the questions: 1.Do Haikus tell a story? 2.What’s a syllable? Step5: Come to “PROJECT”.

1.Divide the cla into groups to finish the task.2.Finish the three poems in the text.Use the sentence: I need a ______.Let the others give the answers, one student write the words down.3.After finishing the poems, read it to the cla.All the groups have different poems.Do they sound funny? 4.Decide a subject by each group.Then make a pattern according to the subject.Then finish the poem as the models in the text.5.Read the poem to the cla.Step6: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary: Some students may think the foreign poems are funny and easy.The teacher may also think so.It is poible for the students to create poems like those we have learned in the cla.Give them more chances to create their minds.The teacher can try some poems, too.The cla and the teacher can find much fun in learning foreign poems.

Leon 4: The Wish Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: wish, in the middle of, stone, friendship, recite Teaching Aims: 1.Learn how to sing foreign songs.2.Know more about the foreign culture.3.Learn about the styles of all kinds of poems in other countries.Teaching Important Points: 1.Master the main idea of the song.2.Grasp the use of “without”.3.Make a similar song like this.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of “without”.

Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Listen to the tape for several times.At the same time, ask the students to sing after it.Test how long they grasp the rhythm of the song.Step2: Read the song as a poem.Let the students read the poem as a lyric line by line.Step3: Make a poem like this.Divide the cla into several groups.Make the similar this.Every group makes a poem.Then present it to the cla.If the others have other better ideas, they can give their advice.Step4: Do with the language points.Make sentences with the important phrases: in the middle, without.S1: Danny sits in the middle of the claroom.S2: There is a stone in the middle of the road.S3: Fish can’t live without water.

S4: We can’t finish the work without your help.Step5: Come to “PROJECT”.Finish the task in groups.1.Everyone in the group chooses one pattern of these poems and writes one by yourself.2.After writing the poem, show it to the others in the group.3.Each exams the others’ poems and gives his advice.

4.After examine all of their poems, change them with the other group.Give their reasonable advice.5.The teacher gives them chances to expre themselves.Step6: Homework.1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The students are familiar to the Chinese poetry, but the foreign ones are hard for them.When the students practice, the teacher should give them a hand if neceary.It is a challenge for the Chinese students to write foreign poems.Encourage them more in order to stimulate their interests of learning English. Leon 5: That’s a Funny Limerick!

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: both…and… Oral words and expreions: blank, motion Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ ability of learning by themselves.2.Master one of the patterns of foreign poems.3.Compare the differences between the Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know more about the limerick.2.Learn more words about describing weight, size, feeling and age.Teaching Difficult Points: Know how to write a limerick.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Let the students answer the questions in cla in oral.1.Ask several students to say funny sayings in English.If they can’t expre themselves in English, they can say them in Chinese.2.Let some students tell jokes.Encourage them to tell jokes in English.Step2: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.

1._______ and _______ help Jenny fill in the blanks in her limerick.2.They choose _______ to describe the weight.Step3: Read and get the main idea of the text.1.Let the students scan the text.Then tell the main idea of the text.2.Find the new words and gue their meanings according to the text.Step4: Do with some language points.Either…or…, both…and…

Let some students make sentences with the help of the pictures.S1: He eats either apples or oranges.S2: Either he or I am good at dancing.S3: Both his teachers and his parents love him.S4: Susan loves both reading and listening.Step5: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Limerick is a kind of poem that has a pattern.Study the “Limerick”.Get the results.1.There are five lines in the limerick.2.From Jenny’s limerick, we can see the first, second and fifth lines have rhyme.Look in the library or search on the Internet to find some information about limericks.Show them to the cla and let them find the patterns of “limerick”.

3.Let different groups act the dialogue out in front of the cla.Step6: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Limerick is fun.It’s interesting for the students.The students may like to practice it very much.Everyone writes a limerick.The cla will be full of laughter.Ask the students to begin the similar dialogue in cla to practice the limerick.

Leon 6: Say It in Five Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: create, single, thought Oral words and expreions: fur, stretch, hum, adjective Teaching Aims: 1.Improve the students’ listening and reading abilities. 2.Know more about the foreign poetry.3.Learn the American five-line poems.Teaching Important Points: 1.Grasp the pattern of the five-line poem.2.Use the pattern to describe something.Teaching Difficult Points: Use the pattern to describe something.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

We all know Chinese poetry has different kinds of patterns.Let the students give some examples.Step2: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Who created the five-line poem? 2.How many poems does the text show us? Finish the listening part in cla in oral.Step3: Reading task: Read and tell the main idea of the text.This is a game to practice the students’ memories.It can improve the students’ summary abilities.

Step4: Read and decide the statements are true or false.1.Today we learn a pattern of French poetry.2.The second line has three words.3.The topic of the poem is a noun.Finish the questions in cla in oral.Step5: Activity: Show some pictures to the students.Let them the favourite one to describe.They can work in pairs.Then show their poems to the cla.

It’s easy to finish the task, but it is hard to do it well.Step6: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Work in groups of three or four students.1.Say the differences between a Haiku and a five-line poem.Say about their different forms and different patterns.A haiku is just a description of a scene.It is simply what is happening in this place, at this moment.Five-line poem has five lines.It is always about a single topic.Each line has a set number of words.The first line has one word.The second line has two words.The third, or middle, line has three words.The fourth line has four words.The last line has one word.2.Finish the task in groups.Choose one topic as they like.Then exchange the poems among the groups.Step7: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Ask the students to find more topics after cla.Summary:

We learn different kinds of foreign poetry.They are limericks, five-line poems and Haiku.The students may think they are very interesting.Some students have surprising poems that you didn’t think of.Give them more chances to practice so that they can create their minds.

Leon 7: Trading Poems Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: awake, riddle Oral words and expreions: avenue Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about the foreign culture.2.Create the student’s cooperation ability.Teaching Important Points: 1.Master the written style, letter.2.Learn the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Difficult Points: Write a letter with what we learn in this unit.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Show the type of the letter.Let the students sum how to write a letter.Pay attention to the written style of the envelope.Step2: Listening task Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.1._______ is a beautiful way to expre thoughts and feelings.2.Danny’s teacher says Danny’s always saying _______ things.

Let the students listen to the tape and finish the listening task in cla in oral.Step3: Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Does Danny think it is hard to write a poem? 2.Did Li Ming write back to Danny? Ask the students scan the text and answer the questions.Step4: Practice Write a letter to your friends about what we learn in this unit.The teacher encourages them to write a poem to their friend, too.It’s hard, so they can choose any topic that they like.They only write for friends.We don’t need to demand too much.Step5: Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish the task in groups of three or four students.In a small group, write a poem like the one in Li Ming’s postcard.

1.First, choose a word your group like.They can choose any word that they like.Because the task is to begin a poem with the letters in this word, everyone can write a word on a piece of paper.Then they can choose one from these.2.Use each letter in this word to begin a line of our poem.Everyone in the group can write different poem according to the word.Then they can exchange their poems and give advice to each other.3.Make a poster to display your poems on the wall.It takes some time to design the poster. 4.Which one do you think is the best? Give your reasons.

Let the students choose the best poem that they like best and give their reasons in front of the cla.Step6: Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The last poem that we learn in Li Ming’s postcard is very interest

Leon 8: Unit Review

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions from Leon1 to Leon7.Oral words and expreions from Leon1 to Leon7.Teaching Aims: 1.Improve the students’ ability of using what we learn in this unit.

2.Stimulate the students’ mind of learning about Chinese and foreign poetry.3.Know the differences between Chinese and foreign poetry.Teaching Important Points: 1.Making suggestions.2.Master the use of infinitives.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of infinitives.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: review leon Teaching Procedure: Step1: Listen to some beautiful poems in Chinese or in English.Music usually creates atmosphere for the students.

If anyone can recite some English poems, the teacher can give them chances to recite in front of the cla.Step2: Do the exercises in Leon8.At the same time, the teacher walks in the claroom and see if they have any trouble to solve.Step3: Let the students write some difficulties on the blackboard.Then let’s try to solve them together.The most important grammar is the infinitive.For example: I haven’t decided what to write.

Li Ming has something important to do, so he can’t come to your party.My wish is to go to space.It’s not easy to walk against a strong wind.Step4: Practice the spoken English.Make a similar dialogue according to the Speaking the Language part.It’s how to make suggestions.

Ask the students work in pairs to make up dialogues like this.Then present it in front of the cla.Step5: Play “Story Game’.

Work in groups to finish the task.When the students play the game, the teacher walks around the claroom and see if any group needs help.At last, ask each group presents their stories to the others in front of the cla.Whose story is the funniest?

Step6: Homework 1.Finish the exercises in activity book.2.Preview the next leon.Summary:

Poetry is an important part of culture.So it is useful to learn it well.This unit gives us opportunities to practice.Making suggestions is important, too.So let the students make dialogues to practice it.The teacher should pay attention to the infinitives in this unit.We should practice more in this cla. Leon 9: What’s a “Horkey”?

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: helpful, at the same time Oral words and expreions: DNA, combine, juicy, mule, donkey Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about cloning.

2.How to combine two different things.Teaching Important Points:

1.Talk about the ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunctions.3.Combine two different things.Teaching Difficult Points: Talk about the ability and inability.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in the cla by showing some pictures about combining to the students.They may be about different things, such as food, fruit, animals and other things. Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Can Danny combine a donut and a pizza? 2.Who wants to combine a cow and a chick? Let the students answer the questions with the help of the pictures.Finish the task in oral in cla.Step3.Read the text and fill in the blanks with the correct words. 1.We can combine two different ______ or two different ______.2.Brian would combine ______ and ______.Look through the whole text quickly and answer the questions in cla in oral.Step4.Encourage the students find the new words in this leon.Give more examples and let the students understand more about the words.I would combine a donut and a pizza.Then I could have breakfast and lunch together.Then I would have little, juicy bananas.Do you know what a mule is? It has a horse as mother and a donkey as a father.Step5.Read the text again and encourage them to find more questions about the text.One student stands up and asks a question.The others who want to answer can stand up and answer it as quickly as he can.For example: 1.What would you combine? 2.What about combining a duck and a deer? 3.Can we combine apples and bananas? Step6.Come to “PROJECT”.

Finish the task in groups of three or four students.Think about something that is combined by two different things.Each of the group writes his answer down and shows it to others.Then choose the most meaningful one to study.What will your group combine? What if you combine the two things? What can it do for us? What’s its advantage?

Talk about the questions above, then sum their ideas.Give a report in front of the cla.Demonstrate your ideas.Describe the thing that you combine in detail.Describe its advantages and disadvantages.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary In this leon, we learn to combine two different things together.In order to get new living things, we must make full use of our imagination.What can the things that we combine are used for? It is important for us to discu.During the discuion, we practice our spoken English.

Leon 10: What is DNA? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: generally, twin, clone, not only…but also Oral words and expreions: blueprint, identical, egg, identify Teaching Aims: 1.Know how to write a paage on science.2.Learn something about DNA.3.Know more about our body.Teaching Important Point: 1.Master the words and expreions of this leon.2.The ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Point: The use of DNA.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in the text by discuing what DNA is.Divide the cla into several groups.Then talk about the subject for several minutes.Then one of the groups presents their opinions in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task:

Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words you hear.1.Generally speaking, a ______ is a drawing.2.______ for identical twins, each living thing has its own unique DNA.Play the tape once.Then let the students try to finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text quickly and answer the following questions: 1.Where does your DNA come from? 2.Is your DNA in every part of your body? Finish the reading task in cla in oral.Try to get more information about the text at the same time.Step4.Read the text again.Find the sentences with the new words.Try to create situation about the new words.Then make sentences with the new words.If someone can make a whole story with the new words that we learn in this leon, the teacher must encourage her. The sentences with the new words: Generally speaking, a blueprint is a drawing.Identical twins are two children that grew from the same egg.They are clones.From your DNA, scientists can identify not only you, but also people related to you.Step5.Let some students tell some details about the text. What is DNA? Where is your DNA from? What is DNA used for? Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish the task with a partner.Find the things about you that show your parents’ DNA.Talk about if for a while.Then let some volunteers come to the front to talk about the subject.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

You look like your father or your mother.That identifies the DNA of your body from your parents.DNA is very fascinating.Each living thing has its own unique DNA.Try to find more ways to use the DNA in many fields.Discu the use of DNA in this cla.Make full use of it to help more people in the world in more fields

Leon 11: Cloning People? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: exactly, divide, crazy Oral words and expreions: human being, original, adult, Dolly, insect Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about cloning.2.Create the students’ spirit of cooperation.Teaching Important Points: 1.The advantages and disadvantages of cloning.2.The expreion of ability and disability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Points: The advantages and disadvantages of cloning.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure:

Step1: Show a picture of Dolly.Then let the students discu what our life will be if we make a clone of ourselves.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Discu for five minutes.Then present their results to the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words you hear.1.The clones are the ______ height.2.There are ______ ways to clone people.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1.We can make clones from dead animals.2.Each clone would be a different person.3.We can combine the DNA of pigs and dogs.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Pair work: Read the text again and find more details about the text.Try to solve the following problems.Talk about them with your partner.At the same time, encourage them to ask more questions about the text.How many ways are there to clone people? What are they? Do you want a clone of your self? Why? What is the use of cloning? Try to finish it in a limited time in order to improve their comprehension ability.Step5.Read the text by the students.Give the students time to listen to the tape again.Then make a chance for them to practice in front of the cla. Step6.A debate Divide the cla into two groups.One group is for the advantages of cloning.The other is for the disadvantages of cloning.The teacher designs the task in order to find out the meanings of cloning.Step 7.Come to “LET’S DO IT’.

This task is similar to the one is step6.This topic is about the food.The students can use their imaginations.Of course the best way is to search on the Internet for more information about the subject.Step8.Homework 1.Search more information about cloning on the Internet or in the newspaper.

2.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.Summary:

Cloning is a popular subject in the modern society.It is good for the students to know more about that.Encourage the students to find out more information on the Internet.They can use other tools to get more.Give them chances to present their results in the next leon.Leon 12: Did You Ever See a “Chorse”?

Teaching Content: There are no new words and expreions in this leon.Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about combining.2.Find the differences between the Chinese and foreign songs.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreion of ability and disability.2.The use of coordinating conjunctions.3.Sing the song fluently.Teaching Difficult Points: Combine two different living things.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Show some pictures of animals to the students.Let them imagine what animals what animals they would like to combine. What would they look like? What are they used for? Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Then discu the questions for five minutes.After a while, show their results to the cla in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the song and repeat after it.Play the tape for several times.Let the students to be familiar to the rhythm of the song.Step3.Read the song as a lyric.Then let the students make up other similar songs according to their imagination.

Let some volunteers present their song to the cla.

Step4.Let the students try to sing the song together.Play the tape again.Ask them to sing after it for several times again.

Step5.Ask some volunteers to sing in front of the cla. Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Work in a small group to finish the task.

Use the pattern in the song to tell customers about your new animals.Describe the new animals in the following ways.What animals will you combine? What is the new animal look like? What are they used for? What will you name them? At last, they can present their result in words or in pictures.Let the students talk about the subject for five minutes.Then let one of the members come to the front and present their result.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Practice the song after cla. Summary:

This song is about combining.Combine two different things together by changing their DNA.It is a new technique.We must make full use of it in many ways.The students today are the future scientists and engineers.So let them know more about coming is good for them.Give them more chance to search after cla.Help them to use many tools to teach themselves.Leon 13: Clones Are the Same Teaching Content: Oral words and expreions: laboratory Teaching Aims:

1.Practice the students’ spoken English.2.Create the students’ imaginations.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know more about cloning.2.The expreion of ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Difficult Points: The expreion of ability and inability.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Talk about the question “What would you like to clone?” in groups.They can use the following patterns: What would you like to clone? Why? Give the students five minutes.Then let them act their dialogues out in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Jenny would like to clone a dog.2.Danny would clone himself.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Scan the text and answer the following questions: 1.What would Jenny like to clone? 2.What would Brian like to clone? 3.Why would Danny like to clone himself? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and find the main idea of the text.Ask some students to say it in front of the cla.Step5.A Game Make up a similar dialogue according to the text.Finish the task in groups of three or four.Give them five minutes.And then ask the students to present their dialogues in front of the cla.Step6.Discuion Discu the use of the clones of yourself.If you have a clone of yourself, what would you like him to do for you? Do you think it is very useful? Step7.Come to “PROJECT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Talk about the subject “Have you heard of cloned animals?” The next is “If you are a scientist, what would you like to clone? Why?”

Talk about the subjects in groups.The students may have five minutes to finish the task.Then try to present your result to the cla in front of the cla.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Cloning is new to some students.It is useful to give them more time to talk about the subject.They can find more information about cloning on the Internet or with other tools.Encourage them to know more after cla by themselves Leon 14: A Clone of My Own Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: secret, copy, doubt, stupid, che, robot Oral words and expreions: foolish, flute, closet, prefer, play che, prefer…to… Teaching Aims:

1.Improve the students’ written ability.2.Create the students’ imaginations.Teaching Important Points: 1.Imagine the use of cloning in our daily life.2.The expreion of ability and inability.3.The use of coordinating conjunctions. Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunctions.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Talk about the question:

Would you like to have a clone of yourselves? Why? Finish the task in groups.Give the students five minutes to discu the subject.Then let the students present it in front of the cla.Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the flowing questions: 1.How old is Kate? 2.What does “foolish” mean? Finish the task in cla in oral.

Step3.Scan the text and decide the following statements are True or False: 1.Katie would like a secret clone.2.Katie already has three sisters.3.Katie’s clone would live the living room with Katie.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and try to find the sentences with the new words.What does Katie mean by “a secret clone”? I doubt what she says! “Foolish” means “silly or stupid”.Also, she would play che with me.Maybe I need a robot! She would feed my tow cats, clean my room and practise my flute.

Step5.Ask some students to tell the main idea of the text.Let some students say it in front of the cla.Step6.Group Work Talk about the subject in groups.Talk for about five minutes.If you have a clone of yourself, what would you like her or him to do for you?

Write what you think of down on a piece of paper.Then exchange their ideas in groups.One of the members sum what they think of.Then present it in front of the cla.Step7.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.Finish the task in pairs.Make up a dialogue with a partner and act it out in front of the cla. Encourage them to make the story funny. Make the ending surprising.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

It is fun to give the students chances to speak in front of the cla.Sometimes they think they are not happy in their daily life.They don’t want to do something sometimes, so they want someone else to do it for him or her.Maybe some students think clones of themselves are useful to them.Leon 15: Cloning Questions

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: neither, nor, neither…nor…, dead Oral words and expreions: mammoth Teaching Aims:

1.Be familiar to the e-mail.2.Know more about cloning.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreions of ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by showing some pictures of cloning.Let the students talk about the use of cloning. What is cloning? What is cloning used for? What can we do with cloning? Step2.Listening task: Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.What did Li Ming study this week in school? 2.What’s the name of the first cloned animal?

Ask the students to answer the questions in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task: Read the text and decide the statements are True or False.1.Li Ming doesn’t think cloning is interesting.2.Li Ming knew how the sheep Dolly cloned.3.Jenny has ever studied cloning.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and find the sentences with the new words.Let the students gue the meanings of the new words.Give more examples with the new words.I knew that English scientists had cloned a sheep, but I knew neither how nor why.I chose mammoths.Ask the students to make sentences with neither…nor… He is neither a teacher nor a doctor.Neither he nor I am thirteen years old.Step5.Sum the main idea of the two e-mails.Let the students tell them in their own words, not word by word according to the content of the e-mails. Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Use the Internet or other tools to find more information about cloning.

Talk about what, where, when, why and how cloning is taking place.Everyone writes down a short paage, then exchange it with the others.Next one of the members of the group gives a report in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Ask your parents for some information about cloning.Summary:

Cloning is new to the students.Let them get more information on the Internet.That is helpful for them.It is helpful for them to use the Internet for some important information.On th the coordination conjunctions are important in this unit.So make more practice in cla.

Leon 16: Unit Review Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions in this unit.Oral words and expreions in this unit.Teaching Aims: 1.Learn to use the Internet and other tools to search more information.2.Know more about cloning.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreion of ability and inability.2.The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Difficult Points: The use of coordinating conjunction.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: review leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Group work Talk about the question in groups.“What do you like to clone the most? Why?” Let the students write their opinions down on a piece of paper.Then exchange their opinions.At last, one of the members sums the opinions and gives a report in front of the cla.Step2.Finish the exercises in this leon.Find out the problems and write them down on the blackboard.

Discu the problem together and find out the correct way to solve the problems.Step3.Do with “Grammar in Use”.

Let the students finish the exercises.Then ask the students to make some sentences with neither…nor…, not only…but also….

Not only he but also his father is handsome.Neither my mother nor my father likes this kind of fruit.Step4.Come to “Speaking the Language”.

Complete the dialogue.Then ask the students to make a similar dialogue with his partner.Then present it in front of the cla. Step5.Play the game “Stop-Go”

Play the game in front of the cla.Start the game with 10 volunteers from the cla.Play the game to practice the “ability and inability” expreions on this page.Change the students to play the game if the time is enough.Step6.Group work Divide the cla into several groups.Ask them to introduce themselves in the group.Then choose two best ones to present in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Find out more information about cloning on the Internet.Summary:

This unit is designed to review the main language points in this unit.It is used to build the vocabulary of the unit.Practice the grammars and spoken English in this unit.All those are put in a situation of cloning.Cloning is a new subject for the students.It is very interesting to discu.

Leon 17: Do Mistakes Matter?

Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: pardon, mention, pocket, double, mistake, make a mistake, depend, common Oral words and expreions: Bruce, confused, confusing, depend on, bargaining Teaching aims: 1.Know the cultural differences between China and western countries.2.Improve the students’ abilities of speaking English.Teaching Important Points:

1.Target language: I made a mistake.He looks confused.Buying things in China is confusing.2.Train the students’ focus abilities and cooperation spirit.

Teaching Difficult Points: the difficult cultures of different countries Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching procedures: Step1.Lead in The teacher shows some pictures to the students with the Multi-media computer.The pictures show the differences between China and Western countries.

From the people’s appearance and the colour of the skin,We can tell the differences.The others show cultural differences.We use chopsticks but they use the fork and knives.Divide the cla into several groups and finish the task.Encourage the students to speak more.They can use their own pictures to help them. Step2.Listening task

Listen to the text and answer the following question: 1.Where is Bruce from? 2.What does Bruce’s father do?

3.How much does Li Ming pay for the two pops? 4.How much did Bruce pay for one pop?

Ask the students to listen carefully and answer the questions.We can arrange the students to listen to the part that is connected with the two questions.Step3.Read and find the new words: He looks confused.

Buying things in China is confusing. I made a mistake.

Let the students try to make sentences with the new words. Step4.Reading task:

Read the text again and answer the questions: What are Bruce and Li Ming doing? Is Bruce confusing?

Where don’t people try to change the price, in China or in North America? Encourage the students to ask more questions by themselves. Step5.Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the words given. 1.My brother is _______(迷惑的). 2.It is so ______(迷惑的) a thing. 3.Does he often ______(犯错误)?

This part is used to check if they have grasped the new words. Step6.Activity

Suppose you and Bruce are shopping, you are bargaining with the clerk.Bruce can bargain, too. Divide the cla into several groups and talks about the questions.After a while, let the students act their out in front of the cla.

Encourage the students to speak loudly in front of the cla.Choose the best group and praise them.Step7.Think about: What’s the difference between people in China and North America when they are shopping?

Use the formal group to finish the task.When the students discu, the teacher walks around the claroom to see if they need any help.

Step8.Talk about: Where would you like to buy things, in shopping center or market?

Let them debate the questions.As usual, the cla can be divided into two groups.One group thinks the shopping center is good.The other thinks the market is better.Let them debate for five minutes.Then let one student in each group to sum the opinions of his own group. Step9.Homework

Find more information about the differences between China and western countries. Summary: This interesting text is about bargaining in China.It’s based on the different cultures between Chinese and Western countries.In some countries in North America, people don’t try to bargain, so some foreign friends feel confused when they buy things in China.Try to help them when you meet foreigners.Try to find more differences between Chinese and Western countries on the Internet.

Leon 18: Wait! Don’t Eat Yet!

Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: society, politely, manner, especially, unle, polite, fork, serve, forever, act, compare, theirs Oral words and expreions: custom, tablecloth, rude, toothpick, Spaghetti, sauce Teaching Aims: 1.Find the differences between the Chinese and Western customs at table.2.Cultivate the students’ creation and cooperation spirit.Teaching Important Points: 1.The expreions of similarities and differences.2.Grasp the Past Future Tense. Teaching Difficult Points: The expreions of similarities and differences.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching Procedures: Step1.Lead in: a pair work.

The teacher asks the students the following question: Have you ever traveled to other places? Where have you been?

Show some pictures with the help of the multi-media.The pictures are from Australia, France, China, England, America and Japan.

Let the students discu for 2 or 3 minutes.Then let them say in front of the cla.When the student is speaking, the others can ask him or her questions about his subject. Step2.Listening task Listen and answer the following questions: 1.Table manners in China and Canada are quite ______.2.In China, if your guests have no food on their plates, putting food on their plates is ______.3.It’s ______ to use a toothpick at the table.Finish the task in cla in oral.

Step3.Read the text and find out the sentences with the new words.All societies have customs about how to eat politely.We call these customs “table manners”.

It’s okay to eat it, especially if it’s something dry, like a piece of bread.In Canada, if you drop something on the tablecloth, you pick it up and put it on your plate.Parents are forever telling their children: “Don’t talk with your moth full!” Step4.Reading task: Read the text and decide the statements are true or false.1.In China, if you drop something on the tablecloth, you usually pick it up and eat it.2.In Canada, to finish the food in front of the cla in rude.In China, everybody has a knife at the table.Exercises: Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the words given.1.I think______(sing) loudly at table is not polite.

2.It’s rude ______ (point) to the others when you eat at table.

3.His mother said he ______ (return) the fork to the restaurant tomorrow.4.Nobody ______(know) the secret except me.Step6.Activity:

Project: What’s the story? 1.Find pictures in magazines.

2.Make up a quick story about your picture.

3.Trade your picture with the students from another group.Practice:

Show some pictures to the students.Let the students picture them.Show some different pictures in different situations.Let them give vivid description.When they finish one picture, try to show them the whole story.If we don’t have enough time, show them the main idea. Step8.Consolidation

Suppose you have a foreign friend.He will come to China.Make a chart.Write down his/her name, his nationality, his language and his aims.Show it to your partner, then finish it in cla.

Leon 19:Sayings

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: culture, several, action, fly, as soon as Oral words and expreions: saying, penny, earn, boil, hatch, judge, prevention, cure, worm, fence, spoil, broth, honey, vinegar, Nick, giggle Teaching Aims: 1.Know more about the differences between the Chinese and Western table manners.2.Train the students focus abilities.3.Cultivate the students’ cooperation abilities.Teaching Important Points:

1.Understanding the English saying.2.The expreions of similarities and differences. 3.The past future tense.Teaching Difficult Points: Learn the expreions of similarities and differences between Chinese and Western countries on table manners and sayings.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of Leon: new leon Teaching Procedures: Step1.Lead in: The teacher begins the cla by discuing the question.It is a group activity.Ask the students to tell the manners at the table. In the activity, the students will think of many funny stories.Give them chance to speak in front of the cla.Praise the groups that act well.Step2.Listening task: Listen and answer the following questions: 1.Who does Nick sit beside? 2.Is Nick full at last? Listening is neceary for training the students listening abilities.Remember to give them a few easy questions to answer. Step3.Reading task:

Read and find the new words:

But as soon as his bowl was empty, the grandmother put more in it. Wu Yang’s little sister giggled.

Let the students make sentences with the new words.

S1: The students stop talking as soon as the teacher comes in. S2: My mother came in as soon as I watched TV.

S3: While I am speaking, Wang Yan giggles all the time. Step4.Read and find the difficult language points: 1.Nick ate it all up.

2.The grandmother kept giving him more.3.Wu Yang was trying not to smile.Let the students try using the phrases in English.

S5: I’m so hungry that I eat up all the food on the table.

S6: He was not good at English, but he kept trying his best.We all admire him. S7: Try to pa the exam, please.

Step5.Divide the cla into several groups in three or four.Gue the meanings of the English sayings.

First let them exchange the meanings of the sayings in the group first.Then exchange the meanings in groups.

Let the students decide which are the correct answers to the English sayings.Step6.Exercises:

1.I will call you __________(一„„就)I come back.2.You must _________(解释) it to your parents.3.Although he failed, he kept _________(努力).4.What _______(其他的) can I do for you? If the teacher wants to know if they have grasped the language points of this leon, he can give them some exercises to see the result. Step7.Project: It is a group activity.Divide the cla into several groups to finish the task.

The people in the story have a problem.They don’t understand each other very well.

Write an ending for the story.Explain why you choose you ending.Search more information about the differences between China and western countries at the table.Leon 20: Where I Come From Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: greeting Oral words and expreions: forgive Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about the cultural differences among different countries.2.Cultivate the students’ cooperation spirit.Teaching Important Points: 1.The different greeting ways in different country.2.The Past Future Tense.Teaching Difficult Points: The similarities and differences.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure:

Step1.Lead in by discuing in groups.Finish the task with the help of the flashcards.Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Let each group discu the following questions with the help of the pictures.He /she will come to your home for dinner next Sunday.

What will you prepare for him/her? Try to finish the task in five minutes.Step2.Listen to the tape and let the students sing after it for several times.Step3.Show a globe to the foreign students.Let’s see where we are.Ask some students come to the front and point up where we are on the globe.

A game.Ask two students to the front.Let’s who can find more places in limited time.The one who finds more is the winner.

Step4.Read the text as a poem and find the new words.Then make sentences with in greeting, forgive

Where I come from we shake hands in greeting and ask, “How are you?” During a meeting and forgive a mistake or two. Step5.Group work.Ask the students to say some special customs of the foreign countries.For example, the schools are different in China and other countries.Divide the cla into groups of three or four to finish the task.Step6.Activity

Work in groups.Think about your culture.List some special Chinese customs that aren\'t found in other cultures. Step7.Homework

1.Finish off the exercises in activity book. 2.Go on the next reading in the student book. Summary:

English songs sometimes are the same as the Chinese songs.They also describe a subject and the content is all about it.Because of the English songs, the students know more about the foreign customs and culture.

Leon 21: What’s in a Name? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: given name, family name, sir Oral words and expreions: formal Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about the foreign culture.2.Cultivate the students’ learning abilities.Teaching Important Points: 1.The structure of English names.2.The differences between English and Chinese names.Teaching Difficult Points: The structure of English names.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by discuing: How much do you know about the differences between Chinese and Western names? Work in groups.Then one of the members of the groups gives a report to the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the information you hear. 1.In Western countries, people have ______names.2._______ is Li Ming’s first name.Finish the task in cla in oral. Step3.Read and find the new words in the text. 1.My given names are “Brian” and “James”.2.My family name is “Smith”.3.That’ formal in English.Practice the new words in cla.Stp4.The language points: I’m a little confused.

But in China it comes last! What do they say when they meet on a formal occasion? Make sentences with the language points.Step5.Practice: Tell us why Danny is confused.If you understand, give us an example.Let some students say give some examples to show the differences between Chinese and English names.Step6.Work with a partner.Write a dialogue in which Brian and Wang Mei meet and introduce themselves.What do they say when they meet on a formal occasion. Step7.Homework

Give English names to each of your family members. Summary:

English names are so different from Chinese names that some Chinese students are confused about them.Let the students choose English names themselves.Then they can choose English names for their family members.I believe practice makes perfect.

Leon 22: Do Manners Matter? Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: praise Oral words and expreions: Joe Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about the foreign culture.2.Cultivate the students’ abilities about learning English.Teaching Important Points:

1.Good manners in China and North America.2.Apologies, similarities and differences.3.Past Future Tense.Teaching Difficult Tense: Past Future Tense.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by a group work.Ask the students to tell the differences about the manners when you receive the presents.

Work in groups of three or four.Everyone writes his or her answers down on a piece of paper.Then exchange their ideas.Next sum the main ideas and present them to the cla. Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words.1.Wu Zhou has lived in Canada for ______ years.2.Good manners in North America are ______ from good manners in China.3.When people give you gifts in Canada, you ______ them with many words.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and decide the following statements are true or false.1.In North America, there are no words for being polite.2.When people give you gifts in Canada, you might say, “I don’t want your gift.” 3.Wu Zhou is a teacher in a university in Canada.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again.Tell the main idea of the text and encourage the students to ask more questions about the text.They can ask questions like these: S1: Wu Zhou calls himself Joe Wu, why? S2: Because “Joe” is an English name that sounds like “Zhou”.

S3: If you don’t say “please” or “thank you”, what will people think of you? S4: They will think you are rude.Step5.Act

Work with your partner.Suppose you receive a present from your friends, what will you say if you are Chinese and what will you say if you are Canadian? Act your dialogue out in front of the cla.Let the students get the differences by their acting.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”

Before we do this, the teacher can show the students more about the differences between Chinese and Canadian culture on the Internet.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four to finish the task.Everyone write his or her ideas down then exchange the ideas in the group.Make up a dialogue or give a report.Then present it in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The culture differences show in different ways.Let the students think of more situations and let’s find out how to do on the Internet.Teach the students how to learn is more important than what to learn.So give the students more time to practice in cla.Leon 23: Supper with the Bradshaws

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: trouble Oral words and expreions: peppermint, tradition Teaching Aims: 1.Know about the similarities and differences between China and Western countries.2.Cultivate the students’ abilities.Teaching Important Points: 1.Apologies.2.Similarities and differences.3.Past Future Tense.Teaching Difficult Points: Past Future Tense Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by discuing what you will do when your friends say goodbye to you.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Everyone writes their ideas down then exchange them in groups.Sum the ideas then give a report in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.We just came home from the ______.2.Bruce and his father had trouble with Chinese ______ and culture.3.Last night, we eat in the ______.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Scan the text and answer 1.Did Bruce and his father make mistakes in China? 2.Western people never eat duck’s feet, do they? 3.Does Li Ming like peppermints? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again.Find the sentences with the new words.But he and his father sometimes had trouble with Chinese customs and culture.At the end of the meal, Mr.Bradshaw opened a box of peppermint candies.In good Chinese tradition, I told him that I enjoyed it.Show some pictures to help the students remember the new words.Step5.Act it out.Divide the cla into several groups.Ask each group to act one part of the text out.Before doing this, let them read the text fluently and decide which part to act it out.If they don’t have real peppermints or something they must use, they can use something else to replace them.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Divide the cla into groups.Ask them to discu what makes them embarraed when they are guests at a dinner.Everyone writes his ideas down.Then exchange them in groups.At last, one of the groups sums the group’s ideas and presents it in front of the cla.They can write a diary entry, an e-mail or a letter about the dinner.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

It is not easy to make friends with foreigners.It is helpful to know more about the differences between Chinese and western customs and culture.Acting the text out is interesting.The teacher can ask the students to bring something useful into the cla.If they don’t have real ones, they can use something to replace it.

Leon 24: Unit Review

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions from Leon17 to Leon23.Oral words and expreions from Leon17 to Leon23.Teaching Aims: 1.Know about the differences between Chinese and western customs and culture.2.Cultivate the students’ learning abilities and cooperation spirit.Teaching Important Points: 1.Apologies.2.Similarities and differences.3.The past future tense.Teaching Difficult Points: The past future tense.Teaching Preparation: pictures

Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Teaching Procedure: Step1.Show some pictures about different table manners to the students.Encourage the students to act out a dialogue to show the differences.Give them five minutes.Let the students act in front of the cla.Step2.Ask the students to talk about the different customs and culture between China and western countries.Show some pictures to remind the students.They can show them in all kinds of styles.They can make a dialogue or write a paage.Step3.Finish the exercises in cla in oral.Write some problems down on the blackboard.Discu in the cla.Then choose the correct answer.Step4.Come to “Grammar in Use”.

Let the students make more sentences with the past future tense.It is often used in the object clause, when the subject is past tense, the object clause is often used the past future tense.Encourage them to give more examples to practice it.Step5.Come to “Speaking the Language”.

Ask volunteers to act the dialogue out in front of the cla.Encourage the students to make other dialogues and act them out.Step6.Come to “Written work”.

Let the students write it as homework if we can’t finish it in cla.It’s practice of the main ideas of this unit.It can also build the students’ vocabulary.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The students practice their reading, speaking and written English in this text.It is used to build the students’ vocabulary.The teacher must make full use of this part.At the same time, encourage them to remind the main ideas of this unit.Give them more time to use what we learn in this unit.

Think over after cla :

Leon 25: Talk! Don’t fight!

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: fight, spend Oral words and expreions: fought, spent Teaching Aims: 1.Let the students know the importance of peace.2.Create the students’ spirit of cooperation.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about the agreement and disagreement.2.Grasp the object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: Talk about the agreement and disagreement.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Discu the following questions: What would you do if you found some money on the street? Give the students five minutes to finish the task.Pay attention to all the students’ feelings.Let all of them take part in the discuion.Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the words you hear: 1.Jenny and Brian see Danny ______ on the street, _______ a bag.2.The money that Danny found was on the _______.Step3.Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Who did Danny buy the shirt for? 2.How much money did Brian lose? Step4.Read the text and tell the main idea of the text in the students’ own words.

Let the students speak in front of the cla.Encourage them not to be shy when they stand there.Give the students chances to speak loudly in front of the cla.Step5.Encourage the students to ask more questions about this part.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four to finish the task.Ask all of the students to take part in the discuion.They can ask questions like this: S1: When you are Jenny, what should you do to stop the fight? S2: Do you think the ten dollars is Brian’s?

S3: Do you think Danny should spend the ten dollars that he found on the street? Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four, talk about what Danny should do.Everyone writes his or her opinion on a piece of paper.Everyone must write his or her reasons down.Choose the best from their opinions.Then report it to the cla. Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in the activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Activities are the main style of the cla.The students learn their knowledge in the games and role-plays.It’s a good way to make the English cla interesting.Always remember to improve the students’ cooperation spirit.Let everyone in the group to have the chance to speak.This is very important for the English teaching.Think over after cla :

Leon 26: Good Friends Shouldn’t Fight

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: enemy, behave, gentleman, honest Oral words and expreions: thief, unhappy, agreed Teaching Aims: 1.Let the student’s grasp the four basic skills of English: listening, speaking, reading and writing.2.Know about the importance of peace in the world.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about the agreement and disagreement.2.Grasp the object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The agreement and disagreement Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Talk about the following questions: Have you ever had a fight with a friend? What happened? If you had a fight with your friends, how do you make up after the fight? Everyone writes their opinions down on a piece of paper, then show it to the others of the group.Remember to demonstrate their reasons.The group chooses the best to present in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.1.Brian thinks Danny is a ______.2.Jenny thinks Danny and Brian should stop _______.3.They will have a ______ at Jenny’s house.

Step3.Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Has Brian found his lost money? 2.Did Danny feel sorry to Brian? 3.Is Brian still angry with Danny? Step4.Read the text and act the role-play in front of the cla.Encourage them to make up a role-play by themselves.If they like, they can add any ending for the story.After they act, the others can say where they should improve and how they should improve it.Step5.Group work Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Discu the following questions:

Talk about your fight with your members of the groups.Tell them: what happened to you? How long did the fight last? Who helped you to solve it? After one student finishes his speech, the others can tell him or her whether his actions are right or wrong.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT’.

Finish the task in pairs.Ask the students to think about the fight between Danny and Brian.Is Brian right to be angry with Danny? Why? The key is to describe the reasons.Is Danny right to say that he doesn’t want to be Brian’s friend anymore? With a partner, debate which character is right, Danny or Brian? Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Activities give the students chances to practice their spoken English.During the activities, some students may have trouble in expreing themselves.The teacher should help them if neceary.Provide them pictures to help them remind the stories or experience in their life.Show them some English words that are about their topics Think over after cla :

Leon 27: The Dove and the Olive Branch

Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: flood, peaceful, raise, symbol Oral words and expreions: dove, olive, Adam, Eve, Eden, God, Noah Teaching Aims: 1.Stimulate the students’ ideas of loving our country.2.Improve the students’ spoken English.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about the agreement and disagreement.2.Grasp the object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: the object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure:

Step1.Lead in by discuing “Do you know the story of the dove and the olive branch?”

Divide the cla into group of three or four.Discu the question.At the same time, show the students the picture of the dove and the olive branch with the help of the audiotape.Everyone in the group writes their answers down.Then discu it in the group.Choose the best to show in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and decide the following statements are true or false.1.Noah is a good man.2.Noah and his family in the Great Flood for a hundred days.3.Since then, people use a picture of a dove with an olive branch in its mouth to show their love for peace.After listening to the tape, ask the students to finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Scan the text and tell the main idea of it.Remember to say with their own words.Not one word by one word from the text.

Step4.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions: 1.Did God think there are too many bad people in the world? 2.What did Noah do to escape the Great Flood? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step5.Group work Discu the following questions in groups of three or four.

What do you think breaks the peace in our life? What can you do to prevent this happen?

Make a list of it.Then exchange the ideas in groups.Choose the best to present in front of the cla.

Before the students finish the task, the teacher had better show some new words to them on the blackboard.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Ask the students to finish the task in formal groups.

First, discu whether or not you think the story of Noah is real.Why or why not? What do they think of the God’s idea?

Second, tell other famous stories about making peace.Many students may know some Chinese stories about making peace.

Show some pictures to help them remind the old stories.Many people died in order to get a peaceful world for us. Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Write down your story in the exercise book.Summary:

Remind the students to respect the dead men who died in the anti-Japanese wars.Many stories also write down some great men who devoted themselves to the peace of China.Let’s remember them forever.Without them, we haven’t the peaceful world and the happy life.

Think over after cla :

Leon 28: Please Let There Be Peace Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: army, prepare, gun, agree, agree to, imagine Oral words and expreions: obey, battle, rage, suffering Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.2.Learn to love and care for the people around us.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about agreement and disagreement.2.The object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Show a picture of a dove and the olive branch to the cla.Let them show their opinions about the peace of the world.If you are a member in the U.N, what should you do to stop fighting? Peace and development are the main topics now.

Make a list of the plan that you make.Then present it to the cla.

Step2.Listen to the tape for two times.Let them know the rhythm of the song.Can someone sing in front of the cla? If anyone can, the teacher let them have a try.Step3.Read the song as a poem line by line.Translate it into Chinese.If neceary, help them.There are some new words in it.Some words are difficult to understand.

Step4.Play the song again for several times again.Let the students sing after it.Step5.Practice Divide the cla into two groups to read the song.Then sing the song together.If neceary, play the tape again.If they can’t sing it well, the teacher teaches them line by line.Step6.Come to “PROJECT”.

Finish the task in groups of three or four.

Wars bring suffering to people.We all love peace and hate war.We have an organization called the U.N.which is to stop fight and keep peace in the world. It is made up of six main countries in the world.

When there is a fight on the earth, we may think it’s time for the U.N.to play an important part.Now imagine you are representing China at the U.N.Make a speech about how the U.N.should work to stop war.Present your speech to a small group of clamates and listen to their speeches.As a group, talk about your speeches.Ask each other questions about your opinions and information. After five minutes, ask several groups to present their result to the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book Summary:

We all hate wars because we see what wars bring us on TV, in newspapers and on Internet.We must do something to stop them.Give the students chances to open their minds.Maybe it is they that can save the earth someday. Think over after cla :

Leon 29: Jenny’s Good Advice

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: agree with, probably, belong, belong to Oral words and expreions: opinion, have a talk Teaching Aims: 1.Cultivate the students’ abilities of learning English.2.Know about the importance of peace.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about the agreement and disagreement.2.The object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”

Lead in by discuing the following questions: Why do you sometimes fight with others? How do you feel after the fight? Finish the task in groups.After discuing it for a while, make the best one to show it in the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Where do Danny and Brian meet? 2.Do Danny and Brian stop fight in this leon? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and tell the main idea of the text.Pay attention to Danny’s and Brian’s opinions about this.Step4.Read the text and decide the statements are true or false.1.Danny and Brian both think Jenny’s cookies are good.

2.Brain didn’t think the money that Danny’s picked up was his.3.Danny can’t agree with Brian’s opinion.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step5.Pair work Work with your partner.If you were Jenny, what would you do to stop them from fighting? Do you have any other good ideas? Work in pairs.Then discu it for a while.

Let some volunteers come to the front to give their advice.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.Finish the task in group work.Ask them to make up a dialogue or a role-play.

First, they must make a plan for the play.What happened to you? Who are fighting? Why? Give them five minutes to finish the task.If they don’t have enough people to play, they can ask the teacher to take part in it.Step7.Homework 1.Have you had a fight with your friend? Write it down.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

The teacher can take part in the students’ activities.They can help the students make a plan to play it better.The teacher can provide them some new words if neceary.Praise them after they act a dialogue out.

Think over after cla :

Leon30: Let’s Work for Peace

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: provide, disagree, trust Oral words and expreions: religion Teaching Aims: 1.Learn about the importance of peace.2.Know more about the foreign culture.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know about a student council in Canada.2.Talk about the agreement and disagreement.3.The object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Lead in by discuing the following questions: How many clubs are there in your school? What are they?

If there aren’t any clubs in the school, we can think about who works for the peace of your school.What do they often do when someone fights in school? Discu it in groups.Then choose the best to present it in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.What grade is Danielle in? 2.What does the student council do? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and decide the statements are true or false.1.Student councils work to make schools better places.2.All the students in Danielle’s school wear the same clothes.

3.We need to learn about different cultures and make friends with people from other cultures.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Tell the main idea of this text.Remember to answer the questions: 1.What does the student council do? 2.What is Danielle’s school like?

3.What do we do in order to make our school a better place? Step5.Group work Work in groups of four or three to discu the following questions: If you are a member of the student council, make a plan about how to make the school a better place.Make a list of the things that you think must be done according to the situation of the school.Discu the question in groups.Then show it to the others in cla.Discu the plan in cla.At last, give the advice to school.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Work in groups.Plan a debate about this topic: countries should never go to war to solve disputes.Are there any wars today? Where are they? Are wars good or bad? Are there better ways to solve problems? Give them enough time to debate the interesting topic.Let them open their minds to create good ideas.Then present their ideas group by group in front of the cla.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Students are old enough to think about these questions.They watch TV to pay attention to the development of the world.They have much to say in this part.Show some pictures about the disaster that wars bring to the people in the world.Call on the students to study hard to create a more peaceful world for the people.Think over after cla :

Leon 31: Peace at Last Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: at last, pity, angry, decision, fair, conversation, regret There are no oral words and expreions in this leon.Teaching Aims: 1.Learn to love and care for the others.2.Practice the students’ written English.Teaching Important Points: 1.Talk about agreement and disagreement.2.The object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in the text by discuing the following question: What should you do if you have trouble with your friend? Finish the task in groups of three or more.Let’s see how they solve their problems.Many students may write a diary.Others tell his or her trouble to his friend or teacher.

Tell the students: when you meet trouble, find some effective and fast ways to help yourselves out.Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Who has trouble with the basketball game, Li Ming or Danny? 2.Did Li Ming go to the basketball game at last? 2.What is Danny going to deal with the money problem? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and then tell the others what Li Ming’s trouble is.Do you think how to solve it? Is Li Ming right or wrong? Tell the cla the reasons.

Step4.Read the text and decide the statements are true or false.1.Li Ming has been invited to a party on Friday evening.2.Li Ming’s friend was angry because Li Ming mied the game.

3.Brian wrote a letter to Danny and told him he didn’t want the ten dollars any more.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step5.Find out the sentences with the news and practice them in cla.After I mied the game, my friend was very angry.What a pity.She said that the decision was mine.It wouldn’t be fair for me to go to the game.Jenny said we should have a conversation.I regret what I did.Let the students make up sentences with the words and expreions that we learn in this leon.Show some flashcards to help them. S1.Don’t be angry with me.

S2: It is neceary for us to have a conversation with my mother.S3: His sister regrets doing that.Step6.Group work Divide the cla into groups of three or four.Write experience that you have had.Then share it with your members.Tell who is right in the story.What should we do to solve the problem correctly? Step7.Come to “LET’S DO IT’.

Finish the task in groups.Write a diary entry, an e-mail or a letter about the topic below. Have you or anyone in your family experienced war before? What is war like? If they have no experience, they can describe a war that they have heard before.After they write their experience down, share them in the group.Then choose a special to give a report in front of the cla.Step8.Homework

1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

We all have a fight with our friends.Write your experience down and share with your clamates.You may think it’s funny for to do such a thing at that time.It will help you to analyze yourself.Think over after cla :

Leon 32: Unit Review Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions from Leon25 to Leon31.Oral words and expreions from Leon25 to Leon31. Teaching Aim: 1.Learn to love and care for others.2.Know about how important the peace is for us.Teaching Important Points:

1.Talk about agreement and disagreement.2.The object clause.Teaching Difficult Points: The object clause Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: flashcards, audiotape, pictures Type of leon: review leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by discuing the importance of peace for us in the world.Finish the task in groups of three or four.Show some pictures to the students.Analyze the disadvantages that wars bring us.Make a list of it and show it to the cla.Step2.Do with the exercises the leon.Write down some difficulties on the blackboard.Then discu the use of them.Practice them again. Step3.Come to Grammar in Use.The object clause is the main part.Let some student make similar sentences in front of the cla.The others listen and find if they are right.Step4.Come to “Speaking the Language”.

Fill in the blanks with correct words.Make up similar dialogues in front of the cla.

Step5.Do with the comprehension part.Can the students answer the question fluently? If they have any difficulties, help them. Step6.Come to “Take This Quiz”.

Search on the Internet to find more information.Ask the students what they want to know.Let them search on the Internet before the cla.Then give a report to the cla the next day.Step7.Do with written part.If we have time in cla, finish it in cla in groups.If we don’t have enough time to do with it, we can have it done after cla.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

This is the summary of the unit.It includes the main points in this unit.Arranging it carefully before the cla, we can have a good review in the cla.We can do with the language points, the main grammar and practice the spoken English.Think over after cla :

Leon 33: Welcome, Guest!

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: shape, perhaps, though Teaching Aims:

1.Know more about the foreign culture.2.Good manners at table.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn different cultures.2.Practice the object complements and attributive clauses.Teaching Difficult Points: The object complements.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Lead in by discuing the following questions: What do you know about dinosaurs? List the names of some types of dinosaurs you know of.Discu the questions in groups.Every member writes his or her answers down.Then discu it in groups.Make a complete answer.Then present it in the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: 1.Where was Danny yesterday afternoon? He was at Dinosaur School.2.Did Danny learn Dinosaur song at school? Yes, he did.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task Read the text and encourage the students to ask more questions about this part.S1: What did Danny learn at Dinosaur school? S2: He learned dinosaur culture.S3: When will they have dinner together? S4: On Saturday.Step4.Practice Do with the main grammar: the object complements.Point out the sentences with object complements: I find other cultures interesting.Make examples by the students: We must keep the claroom clean every day.Step5.Activity Invite your friend to your home.What do you do? Make up a dialogue with your partner.Then let them present it in front of the cla.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

What do you think dinosaur food is like? Do you think Brian and Jenny will like the food? Write down your ideas.Then share it with your partner.After a while, let some students show their answers in front of the cla.Remind them to tell the students why they think so.Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercise book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Students are strange to hear of the Dinosaur culture.We all want to know what real Dinosaur culture is, including their food, songs, clothes and so on.Give the students time to say some other countries’ culture in front of the cla.Let them search on the Internet for more information.Think over after cla :

Leon 34: Danny’s Dinosaur Dinner

Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: knock, hang, hang up, offer Oral words and expreions: hung, hanged Teaching Aims: 1.Know about the Dinosaur culture.2.Cultivate the students’ cooperation ability.Teaching Important Points: 1.Learn something about having a meal.2.The object complement and the attributive clause. Teaching Difficult Points: Have a meal.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Lead in by discuing the following questions:

Have you ever invited a guest to your home? Have you ever been a guest? What’s the worst food you’ve ever had?

Discu the following questions in groups.Then present it in front of the cla. Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the correct words you hear.1.When Jenny and Brian come to Danny’s home, he is in the _____.2.Danny gives Brian and Jenny some _____ to eat.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Reading task Read the text and decide the following statements are true or false.1.Jenny and Brian come to Danny’s home on Sunday.2.Jenny and Brian drink some milk in Danny’s home.3.Dinosaur food is certainly different.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again and retell the story in their own words.Correct their grammar mistakes after he finish telling the story. Ste5.Do with the language points: Make sentences with the useful phrases: Would like to…? Help yourself to… S1: Would you like some dumplings? S2: Yes, I’d love to.

S3: Would you like to have an apple? S4: No, thank you.Step6.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Divide the cla into several groups to finish the activity.Every member writes his ideas on a piece of paper.

Are guests important in your home? What do you do to make guests feel comfortable? Let the students show their dialogues out in front of the cla. Step7.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in cla.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

It is important for you to make your guests feel comfortable.At first, you must be polite.Then you can provide them with different drinks and fruits.Ask them what their favourite food is.Of course, as a guest, you must be polite enough, too Think over after cla :

Leon 35: Keeping Culture Alive Teaching Content:

Mastery words and expreions: hand in, strange, mind, share Oral words and expreions: Chinatown Teaching Aims:

1.Learn more about foreign cultures.2.Cultivate the students’ abilities.3.Grasp the important grammars.Teaching Important Points: 1.Know more about the Chinatown.2.Having meals.3.Object complements.Teaching Difficult Points: Object complements Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by discuing the following questions: Have you ever heard of Chinatown? What do you think of it?

Work in groups.Everyone writes his or her answers down.Then discu for five minutes.Present it in front of the cla.Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.This is the _____ time for Danny to Chinatown.Would Chinese students visit _____ _____ _____.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Did Brian enjoy the school trip?

2.Is there an area called Little North America in Beijing? Finish the task in cla in oral.Step4.Read the text again.Then ask the students to retell the story in their own words.They can practice with her partner first.Step5.Do with the language points: Let the students read the text again.Sum the new words and language points in this leon.Make up sentences with the new words and the language points.S1: Must I hand in the paper now? S2: Let’s share the experience in the summer holiday.S3: I shall share the fruit with the little girls.S4: Will it rain tomorrow? S5: I don’t think so.Step6.Activity Group work.If there were Little North America in Beijing, what will it be like?

Divide the cla into groups to finish the task.Every member writes his or her answers down.Then change it with the others.Then choose the complete one to present in front of the cla.Step7.Come to “LET’S DO IT”.

Finish this part in groups of three or four.One student sums his group’s advice.Then present it in front of the cla.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Chinatown is used for Chinese in America.They can speak Chinese.It if convenient for those people who can’t speak English live there.They are all kinds of shops there.Think over after cla :

Leon 36: So We Can Be Friends Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: difference Oral words and expreions: Peru, Scotland, bagpipe Teaching Aims:

1.Learn more about the foreign culture.2.Learn to sing English songs.Teaching Important Points: 1.Keep one country’s culture.2.Grasp the object complement.3.How to use keep.Teaching Difficult Points: Keep one culture’s culture.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Show some pictures about the foreign culture.Pointing to the pictures, ask the students to gue where they are and what special culture they have.Step2.Listen to the tape for two times.While they are listening, let the students sing after it in a low voice.Step3.Read the song as a poem.Let them find if it has rhythms.

Step4.Ask the students to know the meaning of the song with the help of the pictures.Step5.Listen to the tape again and sing after if for several times. Step6.Let the volunteers sing in front of the cla.Step7.Come to PROJECT.1.List the differences between the Chinese and Chinese cultures.Finish it in work group.Talk about the different ways in China and Canada.What are the differences between the two countries?

2.Ask the students to act short plays out in front of the cla.Show what would happen in Canada and what will happen in China.Step8.Homework 1.Finish off the exercises in activity book.2.Go on the next reading in the student book.Summary:

Different countries have different culture.We must keep it.Students should know more about it.It can help them when they go abroad to study further.Ask the students to search more after the cla.Then present it in the next leon Think over after cla :

Leon 37: The Fox and the Stock

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: fox, flat, hardly, fetch, thin, stick, regard, realize, promise Oral words and expreions: stork, Aesop, rudely, beak Teaching Aims: 1.Learn about more about the foreign culture.2.The importance of cooperation in the world.3.Improve the student’s creation ability.Teaching Important Points: 1.The leons we learn from the story.2.The object complement and the attributive clauses.Teaching Different Points: Practice object complement and the attributive clauses.Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Lead in by discuing the following questions: Tell a story about the animals.What can we learn from the story? Finish the task in groups.Let some students come to the front and tell his cla his wonderful story.Step2.Listening task Listening to the tape and find the correct answers to the following questions.1.There is a _____ and a _____ in the story.2.The fox brought the soup in large flat _____.Finish the task in cla in oral.Step3.Read the text and answer the following questions: 1.Is the fox polite to the stork? 2.What are the stock’s noodles in? 3.Were they still friends? Finish the task in cla in oral.

Step4.Read and tell the stories by their own words.Step5.Do with the new language points in this text.1.“Certainly” said the stork, who was doing her best to be polite.Do one’s best

S1: I am doing my best to learn well.2.The stork fetched two tall, thin jars.Fetch=go and come back S2: Can you fetch me two bottles of water, please? Step6.Work in groups.Divide the cla into groups.Then one member of the group tells a story which are with animals about characters.Then let the others sum the leons that we learn from the story.Step7.Homework Find the most wonderful story after cla.Prepare to tell the cla in the next leon.Summary:

All of the students know many interesting stories about animals.We can learn important leons from the story.They must respect others in their life, or they might have a fight.This is the same as man.We must respect others in our life.Then we can have a peaceful world. Think over after cla :

Leon 38: One Country, Many Cultures

Teaching Content: Mastery words and expreions: central, although, respect Oral words and expreions: immigrant, tolerant, dancer Teaching Aims:

1.Know about the culture in the world.2.Keep one country’s culture.

3.Create the students’ basic abilities.Teaching Important Points: 1.The details about Canadian cultures.2.Different cultures have different features.1.Practice the object complement and the attributive clauses.Teaching Difficult Points: The object complement and the attributive clauses Teaching Preparation: pictures Teaching Aids: audiotape, flashcards, pictures Type of leon: new leon Teaching Procedure: Step1.Come to “THINK ABOUT IT”.

Lead in by discuing the following questions: How many cultures does China have? How many can you name? What are some of the interesting things in your culture? Discu the questions above in groups.Then every group answers the questions one by one.Step2.Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks with the words you hear: 1.Only _____ percent of all Canadians are from First Nations.2.Canada has _____ official languages.Finish the task in cla in oral.

推荐第10篇:九年级下册语文教案

《威尼斯商人》教案

[教学目的] 1.了解话剧的有关知识,培养学生关注和了解各种文艺表现形式的能力与兴趣。 2.了解戏剧冲突在话剧中的作用。

3.理清剧本的思路,把握人物关系,把握情节的发展脉络(即写作思路)。 4.了解莎翁作品的语言特点。 [教学重难点] 1.让学生体会“话剧是说的艺术”。

2.学生有表情地朗读(表演)课文,以读(演)来体会人物,把握情节的发展。 3.帮助学生正确了解、认识夏洛克这个人物,体会莎翁是怎样表现这个人物的。 4.训练学生把握戏剧冲突的开端、发展及高潮,进而了解话剧的戏剧冲突。 [教学设想] 教学方法

诵读与研究学习相结合。 媒体设计

准备二三分钟有关莎士比亚生平、作品的媒体资料。 教学时数 2课时 [教学步骤] 第一课时

一、导语设计

同学们,本单元我们要学习的内容是戏剧文学和电影文学。首先,让我们走进在世界话剧发展史上具有里程碑意义的戏剧大师——威廉·莎士比亚的喜剧世界,来领略莎士比亚的语言魅力,领略莎士比亚戏剧的艺术魅力,领略话剧艺术的独特之美。今天,我们学习莎士比亚代表作品之一的《威尼斯商人》。

(解说:简要概括本单元学习内容,让学生对本单元课文有一个初步的认识,而后引出莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》。)

二、解题

《威尼斯商人》是一部扣人心弦、引人人胜的喜剧。威廉·莎士比亚(1564—1616)是文艺复兴时期英国杰出的戏剧家和诗人。主要作品有悲剧:《哈姆雷特》《李尔王》《奥塞罗》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》,喜剧:《第十二夜》《无事生非》《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》等;诗歌作品:十四行诗150多首。

三、研习课文

1.整体感知,理清思路。 (1)速读全文,掌握生字词。

(2)概述全文内容,讨论戏剧冲突。

开,写得波澜起伏,扣人心弦。

(解说:戏剧冲突是话剧艺术的重要组成部分,先概括课文内容,而后理解、体会人物关系和戏剧冲突。见卡片①。) 2.具体研习,突出重难点。 (1)学生分组讨论段落、层次。

这场戏以鲍西娅上场为转机,分为前后两半。前半场主要是夏洛克的戏,他执意报复,一定要按约处罚;后半场是的西娅的戏,她智挫夏洛克,最后取得胜利。

(解说:通过学习、讨论,把课文的层次分清;让学生在讨论中学习分析段落与层次,这有助于学生分析能力的提高,也有助于接下来的人物分析和戏剧冲突解析的进行。) (2)学生分组讨论人物的性格特点、分析人物及人物关系,找出人物个性化的语言。

明确:夏洛克是这场戏的主要人物。他是资本主义原始积累时期高利贷吸血鬼的典型。他具有贪婪、固执、残酷的本性。同时,他也是一个在基督教社会里受欺侮的犹太人。夏洛克对安东尼奥的报复有合理而又复杂的动机。人们对夏洛克,既鄙夷他的贪婪,憎恨他的残酷,又多少同情他所受的种族压迫和屈辱。

鲍西娅是莎翁创造的人文主义妇女的典型形象。她的性格在这场戏的矛盾斗争中得以充分展示。面对矛盾,她表现出人文主义者的果敢、沉着、博学和聪慧。她利用智慧取得了法庭斗争的主动权,并一步步揭露夏洛克的面目,三步棋即给夏洛克以致命的打击。 (3)体会莎剧丰富多彩的语言。

夏洛克在前半场舌战中,有时用反诘方法进行反驳,有时冷嘲热讽,锋芒毕露,咄咄逼人,语言却很鄙俗,充满商人口语,如“耗子”、“张开嘴的猪”、“忍不住要小便”等,而判决后,处处不离一个“钱”字,表现了他拜金主义的本性。鲍西娅的语言是诗与哲理的结合,语言明快简明,既表现了人文主义者的思想,又符合其律师的身份,果断干练,聪明博学。 (解说:话剧通过对话就可以知道人物关系,让学生自己讨论、分析人物关系,不仅能够让学生弄清课文中的人物性格、思想、立场,还可以提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。这也是培养他们独立解决问题能力的最好途径。见卡片②③④。) (4)让学生分组讨论课文中的戏剧冲突,找出戏剧冲突的关键词。如:“威尼斯的法律”、“一磅肉”等,充分理解这些关键词在戏剧冲突中的作用。

(解说:通过让学生分组讨论戏剧冲突,让学生了解戏剧冲突在话剧中的关键作用,进而充分了解话剧艺术。找关键词对了解话剧的戏剧冲突有很大的帮助,也为下节课着重学习戏剧冲突奠定基础。) 3.课堂训练。

针对人物关系和人物性格的问题,教师可以布置练习题,让学生在训练中解决问题。 练习题如下:

(1)夏洛克有怎样的性格特点?他是否像公爵所说的那样是一个“心如铁石”、“不懂得怜悯,没有一丝慈悲心的不近人情的恶汉”? (2)夏洛克为什么对安东尼奥如此仇恨,以至于不要高额的回报而非要安东尼奥的命不可? (3)你如何看鲍西娅这个人物? (解说:通过以上的课堂练习,进一步让学生体会话剧的人物性格和人物关系。) 4.课堂小结。

中人物性格是“说”出来的,人物关系也是\'说”出来的,话剧是“说”的艺术。此外,我们着重分析了剧中的人物性格和人物关系,这就为下节课我们学习戏剧冲突奠定了一个良好的基础。

(解说:回顾这节课的主要内容,可以使学生进一步巩固所学内容,同时也让学生知晓、明确了下节课的学习重点。) 5.布置作业。

(1)有感情地朗读课文,在朗读中理解人物性格。 (2)找出代表人物性格的语句。 (3)完成课后练习题

二、三。

第二课时

一、导语设计

上节课我们着重学习、分析了《威尼斯商人》中人物性格和人物关系,这节课我们来学习莎士比亚是怎样设计《威尼斯商人》的戏剧冲突(悬念)的。

二、研习课文

1.分角色朗读课文。

学生分角色有感情朗读课文,在朗读中充分体会人物性格,感受戏剧冲突。

(解说:让学生充分体会话剧是“说”的艺术,让学生有感情地朗读,接下来的欣赏品味会收到意想不到的效果。) 2.欣赏品味。

这篇课文是《威尼斯商人》的高潮部分,所有的戏剧冲突都最后集中在这场戏里。故事充满悬念,十分紧张,丝丝人扣,令人欲罢不能。莎翁的语言诙谐、优美,富有感染力,富有音乐美;行文娴熟,紧张中含有轻松,轻松中暗藏杀机。

这场戏围绕要不要“按约处罚”展开冲突。开端便剑拔弩张。公爵试图规劝夏洛克这个“心如铁石”、“不懂得怜悯,没有一丝慈悲心的不近人情的恶汉”“放弃这一种处罚”。然而,他得到的回答却是“我喜欢这样”、“我对于安东尼奥抱着久积的仇恨和深刻反感,所以才会向他进行这一场对于我自己并没有好处的诉讼”。

对于公爵的规劝,夏洛克理直气壮,对基督徒们进行了深刻、淋漓尽致的批判与揭露。“我可不可以对你们说,让他们自由,叫他们跟你们的子女结婚?为什么要在重担之下流着血汗?让他们的床铺得跟你们的床同样柔软,让他们的舌头也尝尝你们所吃的东西吧!”“我也可以回答你们:我向他要求的这一磅肉,是我出了很大的代价买来的;它是属于我的,我一定要把它拿到手里。您要是拒绝了我,那么让你们的法律去见鬼吧!威尼斯城的法令等于一纸空文。”巴萨尼奥的劝说和怒斥都无济于事,主动权在夏洛克手里。 (解说:在研习时,如能结合剧本前面的内容就更好了。如那段夏洛克的经典独白。见卡片⑤。) 鲍西娅假扮法官上场,前面的冲突暂时得以缓解。她也力劝夏洛克“慈悲一点”,可夏洛克不答应,并强调法律铁面无私。主动权还在夏洛克手里。

故事到此已经陷入僵局,鲍西娅欲擒故纵,夏洛克自以为得计,“屠刀”高高举起。而沙翁此时把观众的注意力一下子引到别处。通过巴萨尼奥之口(“把法律稍为变通一下,犯一次小

小的错误”)为鲍西娅赢得主动。“在威尼斯谁也没有权力变更既成的法律;要是开了这一个恶例,以后谁都可以借口有例可援,什么坏事情都可以干了。”她要维护法律的尊严。事件的主动权在悄悄易主。

鲍西娅的话赢得了夏洛克的夸赞。“一个但尼尔来做法官了!真的是但尼尔再世!聪明的青年法官啊,我真佩服你!”“啊,尊严的法官!好一位优秀的青年!”“啊,聪明正直的法官!想不到你瞧上去这样年轻,见识却这么老练!”“公平正直的法官”“博学多才的法官!判得好!”夏洛克每一次夸赞,都是在把自己引到死胡同。主动权完全交给了鲍西娅。情节发展到高潮后,陡然一转,夏洛克走进了他自己建造的坟墓。法律让他有权杀人,也让他倾家荡产。主动权彻底把握在鲍西娅的手里。

(解说:在欣赏品味中注重分析冲突的形成、发展、高潮和解决。在话剧中,故事的发展就是靠戏剧冲突的发展来完成的,人物性格也是在冲突中完成的。) 3.课堂练习。

针对戏剧冲突,教师可布置以下练习题: (1)引起戏剧冲突的关键是什么? (2)文中鲍西娅的出场起到了什么作用? (3)课文中的矛盾(戏剧冲突)是怎样解决的? (解说:进一步让学生了解话剧中的戏剧冲突。) 4.课堂小结。

本节课着重研习了《威尼斯商人》的戏剧冲突。通过学习《威尼斯商人》,同学们初步了解了话剧艺术的特点,了解了人物性格和人物关系在话剧中是如何表现的,这对我们今后学习、欣赏话剧艺术有很大的帮助。

(解说:对所学的课文做一个总括,进一步强化学生了解话剧艺术的特点。)

三、布置作业

1.有感情朗读课文。

2.找出课文中能够体现人物性格的词语,认真玩味人物语言的特点。 3.排练并演出这场戏。

(解说:回味课文内容,了解下节课的内容,为下面的学习打基础。) [板书设计] 第一课时 威尼斯商人 夏洛克

安东尼奥←法律←鲍西亚 第二课时

公爵能不能让夏洛克放下“屠刀”? 鲍西娅能不能阻止夏洛克的恶行? 夏洛克能否破产?

陈毅市长

教学预期目标:

1、初步了解戏剧的相关知识,着重了解矛盾冲突设置及作用,领会潜台词的意思。

2、让学生组织表演话剧,使学生达到“课标”提出的“欣赏文学作品,能有自己的情感体验”的要求。

3、透过个性化的语言了解人物的性格,把握人物形象,特别是通过陈毅市长的语言谈话交际的艺术。教学设想:

学生课前分成四个小组排练该话剧,课堂上,学生表演完一段,教师引导学生对课文内容进行理解。

道具准备:条幅、服装、化学实验器材、电话、门铃、花草、手表、蜡烛、化学图表等。 预想之难点:

1、学生非专业演员,表演难免有不足之处。

2、服装及人物的方言难以达到要求。

3、时间可能不够。教学过程:

一、导入:由《三国演义》中“舌战群儒”导入。

二、新课探究:

简要介绍话剧,着重介绍戏剧的矛盾冲突和有关写作背景。

(一) 一小节探究: 课本剧表演:

导演: 林秋萍 演员:王景芳饰陈毅, 谢宝龙饰齐仰之 问题探究:

1、导演介绍:你在排这一出戏时提醒演员该注意什么问题?

2、这出戏一开始就提出一个什么矛盾?

3、这出戏一开始,齐仰之给你留下什么印象?

过渡:面对一道连门都难进的难题,陈毅市长该如何解决呢?请看第二幕:

(二)、第二小节探究: 课本剧表演:

导演: 杜燕芬 演员: 杜京展饰陈毅, 昕辉饰齐仰之 问题探究:

1、导演介绍:你认为他们表演成功吗?精彩之处何在?又有何欠缺?

2、陈毅市长如何解决进门难这一矛盾?进门之后又碰到什么难题?

3、陈毅市长引用刘禹锡的《陋室铭》有何作用?

过渡:门是进了,可这三分钟怎么可能谈成这么一件大事呢?这可怎么办呢?请看第三幕:

(三)、第三小节探究: 课本剧表演:

导演: 林翠娥 演员: 谢珊珊饰陈毅, 谢雅玲饰齐仰之 问题探究:

1、陈毅市长如何解决这个“闲谈不得超过三分钟”的时间难题呢?

2、陈毅市长为什么主动提出“三分钟已到”“闲谈不得超过三分钟”这个问题呢?

过渡:破解这两个难题之后,陈毅市长又如何去说服这样一个不问政治的学者来参加国家建设呢?请看:

(四)、第三小节探究: 课本剧表演:

导演: 王福雄 演员: 杜秋虹饰陈毅, 林丽玉饰齐仰之 问题探究:

1、陈毅市长提出齐仰之对哪门化学一窍不通呢?这个说法采用什么修辞手法呢?其言外之意是什么?(介绍潜台词,并分析文中其他潜台词。

2、齐仰之是否爽快地答应了陈毅市长的请求?摆在陈毅市长面前的又是一个什么矛盾?他又如何解决呢?

三、整体感悟:

人物形象分析:看完这出戏,作者所塑造的陈毅、齐仰之各是一个怎样的人?从那里可以看出?

矛盾冲突探究:围绕“闲谈不得超过三分钟”这个问题,文章设置了一个又一个矛盾冲突,这些矛盾冲突的设置在该话剧中有什么作用呢?

能力探究:陈毅市长面对一个个难以解决的矛盾冲突,巧妙地运用高超的谈话艺术打动了一个固执清高的学者,你觉得你可以从陈毅市长身上学到哪些谈话艺术

四、结语。附:板书设计: 矛盾冲突 如何解决

1、难进门 亮出市长身份

2、谈话难、时间短 激将法

3、难以说服 动之以情

《一 厘 米 》

内容简析

文章讲述了一位艰辛的母亲为了让自己的孩子形成纯正、善良、高贵的品行,不倦而持久地努力,以微薄的心力构造庞大的工程,描绘了这个母亲内心的苍凉和对孩子锲而不舍的挚爱。 这篇课文是百集电视连续剧《咱老百姓》的节选,所写的是一件小事,却反映了一个严肃的主题:如何塑造孩子的健康心灵,如何培养孩子的精神人格,一个人应该怎样对待尊严的问题。 创意说明

本文是刻画伟大母爱的好文章。在学习过程中,应该发挥学生积极主动、自主合作的探究精神。小说的学习一直讲究体会和个人感悟的过程,因此教师在教学活动中要设置问题,推进学生的学习活动,并善加指导。教师不仅要引导学生理解本篇文章的主题内涵、语言特色,而且要教会学生比较阅读的方法,以便学生在日后的小说阅读和鉴赏中学会迁移,进而拓展探究能力。 活动目标

◆知识与能力

1、了解一些生僻字词的用法,能正确、灵活地加以运用。

2、了解小说的有关知识,明白作者如何通过这种体裁表情达意。

3、通过作者对文中主人公心理活动的描写,了解心理描写对刻画人物的作用。

4、文章使用了许多写作手法来加强表达效果,掌握其精髓,并正确、灵活地运用。◆过程与方法

1、教师深情朗读部分片段,并详细讲解这些内容如何表达、升华作者的思想。

2、教师设置问题,让学生从不同角度加以理解,明白课文中女主人公的作为。

3、组织讨论,学生从自己的感受探讨母爱的无私、伟大。

4、结合其他关于母爱的名篇,谈如何从细微处来表情达意。◆情感、态度与价值观

1、使学生能够感受到母爱的无私、伟大,从内心深处激起对母亲以及其他亲人的热爱。

2、使学生能够恰当、客观地认识社会环境对人的成长以及发展的巨大作用,引导学生摈弃从社会中沾染的不良习惯与思想,树立正确的人生观、世界观和价值观。活动时间 1课时 课前学习

通过查阅书籍或网络搜索等方法了解作者毕淑敏及其主要作品。 活动过程 初读•感知

步骤 教师组织 学生活动 1 生命和尊严哪一个更重要?

(只引导学生讨论,教师不给予评价。) 各抒己见。

2 【点拨】人的尊严与生俱来,如同生命一样宝贵。词典上对尊严解释是:“尊贵而庄严的身份和地位”,其实,真正的尊严决不取决于身份和地位。尊严是高尚的人的一种价值观,一

种自立奋斗的精神。《一厘米》讲的就是一个关于尊严的故事。 聆听、感悟。 3 阅读课文,用简洁的语言分小节概括故事情节。 阅读,思考。 4 组织交流、评价。 讨论,交流。 精读•理解

步骤 教师组织 学生活动

1 剧中的妈妈陶影为了1厘米而斤斤计较,是不是太小题大做了? 思考,讨论。 2 组织辩论。 分组,辩论。

3 主持、参与、评价。 自评、小组互评。

4 本剧要表现的主题到底是什么? 思考,讨论。 5 组织交流、评价。 交流,评价。 品读•探究

步骤 教师组织 学生活动

1 妈妈陶影是一个怎样的人?请根据剧中的台词加以概括。 思考,小组讨论。 2 组织交流、评价。 各抒己见。 赏读•延展

步骤 教师组织 学生活动

1 有人认为:陶影为了这“一厘米”费了这么大的周折,根本没有必要,她完全还有更好的方式可以解决问题。你能替陶影出些什么主意呢?

【提示】她可以直接找公园领导说理;如果认为公园红线有问题,她可以用尺子量出红线的高度,用铁的事实说话„„ 思考,小组讨论。

2 请看下面的报道,然后从“尊严”这一角度出发,对此事发表你的看法。

某建筑工地上一民工班的班长,65岁的陈××,因工头欠下民工的班81510元工钱不给,爬到吊塔顶上准备跳下来自杀。工友们苦劝,他不下来;儿子赶过来苦劝,他仍不下来;3个多小时之后,工程项目部来人,在工头保证发给他工钱时,陈××才走下吊塔。刚下来陈××就朝在场的工人们扑通一跪,颤抖着说:“给各位添麻烦了。”

【提示】有人认为,一位65岁的老人,拿回本该属于自己的那一点血汗钱,却因自己的“寻死”麻烦了工友而给他们下跪,为了钱居然不要自己的尊严!真可悲。(你可以保留自己的看法) 各抒己见。 板书设计 一厘米

高潮 结局

送票 —— “逃票” —— 投书报社 —— 矛盾解决 开端 发展 备课资料 作者简介

毕淑敏,女,1952年出生于新疆,中学就读于北京外国语学院附属学校。1969年入伍,在喜马拉雅山、冈底斯山、喀喇昆仑山交汇的西藏阿里高原部队当兵11年。1980年转业回北京。 从事医学工作20年后,开始专业写作,共发表作品200万字。曾获庄重文文学奖、小说月报第

四、

五、六届百花奖、当代文学奖、陈伯吹文学大奖、北京文学奖、昆仑文学奖、解放军文艺奖、青年文学奖、台湾第16届中国时报文学奖、台湾第17届联合报文学奖等各种文学

奖30余次。

国家一级作家。内科主治医师。北师大文学硕士。

《藤野先生》教案

一.教学目标:

1.学习根据表达的需要选择和组织材料,学习抓住人物特征,通过具体事例来刻画人物性格的方法。

2.体会、理解文章含义丰富的语言,掌握文章叙事线索。

3.体会作者对老师的崇敬之情,强烈的爱国主义情感与民族自尊心。二.教学重点、难点:

1.明确文章的线索,探讨文章的主题。

分析藤野先生的形象,归纳其性格特征。 3.联系材料,领会作者弃医从文的情感因素,体会作者强烈的爱国主义情感与民族自尊心。 三.教学安排:2课时 四.教学过程:

第一课时 一.导入

1.让学生说说在成长过程中,对自己影响最大的人,并阐述理由。(有老师、父母、朋友、还有偶尔相识的陌生人)

再让学生说说在成长中,哪件事最让你难忘?

由学生的回答导入文章。鲁迅在《藤野先生》一文中,讲述了他与先生的交往。鲁迅先生怀念藤野先生的原因与我们刚才所讲的原因是不是一样呢?带着这个问题,我们来看课文。 2.复习有关《朝花夕拾》的知识。让学生说出已经学过的两篇课文的名称。然后说说在《从》《阿》及《藤野先生》三者之间的先后顺序。

顺序是《阿》《从》《藤野先生》,作品是按照作者成长的经历来排列的,《朝花夕拾》是一本回忆散文集。

二.引导学生带着问题速读课文。 1.速读课文,思考问题:

(1) 文章以什么为线索?写了哪些事情?

(2) 文章重点写了发生在哪里的事情?此外还写了什么地方的事情?你能说出文章中的地点变化吗? 2.明确:

(1) 文章以作者在日本仙台求学的经历为线索,写了作者在日本求学的一段经历,即写了离开东京,去仙台学医时藤野先生的关心,匿名信事件,幻灯片事件即离开仙台等一系列事情。

(2)重点写了发生在仙台的事情,此外还写到了东经等地的事情。文章中的地点变化:东京——仙台——中国。 三.理清文章层次结构

作者与藤野先生的交往是文章的叙事线索,以次我们可以比较容易地划分 文章的结构层次。

第一部分(1-3):在东京的所见及去仙台求医的缘由。

第二部分(4-35):在仙台学医,与藤野先生的交往及弃医从文的经过。

第三部分(36-38):回国后对藤野先生的思念。 四.研读课文第一部分

1.朗读课文前三段,体会鲁迅文笔特点。2.讨论交流:

(1) 这部分文字所描写的对象是什么?

(2) 作者对所描写的对象是一种什么样的态度?你能够通过具体的语句来分析吗? 明确:

所描写的对象是“清国留学生”速成班的其他成员。对他们是一种厌恶之情,这是从他们逛公园,赏樱花,梳辫子,学跳舞等事情中可以看出。这也许也是鲁迅为什么要离开繁华的东

(3) 一些段落在语言上有何特点? 明确:

比喻、反语的巧妙使用,使文章语言幽默,风趣而又不失力度。文章中这样描写“清国留学生”:“但花下„„实在标致极了”

这段文字在准确地形容与细致的描写的基础上,作者还把“清国留学生”的精神风貌刻画出来了,本来是担当着救国重任的留学生,到东京之后,则不思进取,反而追逐时髦,将头发弄得油光可鉴,尤其可悲的是,始终不忘记那条象征落后和耻辱的大辫子,反而将其弄得十分醒目,令人恶心。文章用比喻和反语夸张,将讽刺之情巧妙地流露在字里行间。 第二课时

一.复习上节课的教学内容, 二.研读课文第二部分

1 文章的主题是记叙在仙台求学及与藤野先生交往的经历,那主要记叙了与藤野先生的哪几件事呢?说说藤野先生是个怎样的人呢? 明确:

文中主要写了修改订正讲义、订正解剖图、担心我怕鬼、问中国女人裹脚等四件事。表现了藤野先生对我的关心、严格要求以及对学术的孜孜不倦的求实精神。 2 作者初见藤野先生时,藤野先生是什么样子的?

明确:黑瘦的先生,八字须,戴着眼镜,夹着一叠大大小小的书,通过肖像描写,写了他的穿着,穿插了他穿衣服的掌故,表现了藤野先生是一个不注重穿着的人,生活朴素、简单。 3 朗读第24-31段,思考,这一部分写了那几件事?从中可以反映出作者何种思想感情?请用文章中的语言说明。 明确:

写了两件事,即匿名信事件,幻灯片事件。

鲁迅先生对自己到仙台学医的动机,在《呐喊》自序中写到“我的梦很美满,预备卒业回来,救治象我父亲似的被误的病人的疾苦,战争时候便去当军医,一面有促进了国人对维新的信仰。”可见他是怀着救国救民的思想选择了医学这一职业的。可是,当在学医的过程中,看到了枪毙中国人的影片后,而且围着看的也是一群中国人,鲁迅受到了极大的刺激,于是促进了鲁迅弃医从文的思想产生。他觉得,“医学并非一件要紧事,凡是愚弱的国民,即使体格如何健全,如何茁壮,也只能是做毫无意义的材料和看客,病死多少是不必以为不幸的,所以我们的第一要素,是在改变他们的精神,而善于改变精神的是,我那时以为当然要首推文艺,于是想提倡文艺运动了。”

看电影受刺激,固然是鲁迅先生“弃医从文”的直接原因,但不能理解为偶然因素,如果我们分析当时的社会状况,鲁迅先生的思想转变还有起深刻的社会原因,这就是当时的社会潮流。早在弘文学院学习时,他就常和许寿裳等探讨如何改变“国民性”问题,考虑如何提高国民素质,期间还受到了孙中山先生的革命思想的影响。

4 我想现在肯定有些同学会有想法,本文题目是藤野先生,为何写这几件事?

明确:写日本爱国青年寻衅滋事是给藤野先生做反面衬托。写课堂上看电影事件是作者告别藤野先生的直接原因。总之,这些材料都与突出藤野先生正直热忱、没有民族偏见的品质有密切关系。同时还表现了作者那份强烈的爱国热情。

1 到35段,已经完成了对藤野先生的回忆,为什么作者还要说自己回国以后的一些感想呢?

讨论明确:此部分一方面表现了藤野先生对我的影响之大,另一方面表现我在实践自己弃医从文的誓言。

2 朗读这一部分,画出我对藤野先生思念的句子我影响之大的句子以及表现我实践自己弃医从文的句子。

3 结合课后练习一,文章以回忆藤野先生为主,为什么还花大量的笔墨来写我在日本的遭遇和思考呢?

从整篇文章的结构来看,是围绕藤野先生这个中心来组织材料的,虽说也贯穿着作者的爱国注意思想感情,但前者是明线,后者是暗线。写对东京学习环境的厌恶,离开东京到仙台,是写与藤野先生结识的前因,接下来写仙台的学习生活,基本上与藤野先生有关,而且作者着力正面描述与藤野先生的交往。写匿名信的寻衅和看电影所受到的刺激,这些事或是与藤野先生有直接关系,或是衬托出藤野先生的公正、真诚、在那种环境下的难能可贵。 所以,这样一位没有民族偏见的老师,也是鲁迅写这篇文章的目的所在,来赞扬藤野先生的高贵品格。

从这点看,我们教材倾向于第一种观点。 三 小结:

课文以作者与藤野先生的交往为明线,以鲁迅思想感情的变化为暗线组织材料,体现了藤野先生崇高的精神和鲁迅深切的爱国感情。文章语言精练,幽默而又犀利,抓住了人物的特征,生动而又传神,我们在写作时可以好好借鉴,用我们的笔记住我们最怀念的人。 四 板书设计 藤野先生

明线:与藤野先生的交往——没有民族偏见——怀念先生

添改讲义 纠正解剖图 关心实习问中国女人裹脚

暗线:鲁迅的爱国情感——弃医从文

《生命与和平相爱》教学设计

教学目标

1.通过阅读认识犹太人的民族精神。2.了解犹太人的才能和愿望。3.概括出戴维的优秀才能,并进一步归纳出其优秀才能的根源。4.探究课文逐步深入地描写人物的写法。5.体会文章语言凝重的特点。 第一课时

教学任务:1.整体感知课文,初步把握散文写的一个人是谁,一个家庭是哪一个家庭,一个民族是哪一个民族。2.把握作者的思路,讨论文章的层次结构。3.归纳文章所表现的戴维的优秀才能。

教学过程: 1.以《辛德勒名单》等反映二战期间犹太人悲惨历史的影片(或介绍以色列)导入新课,简介作者。2.结合“预习提示”明确阅读要求。3.阅读全文,要求 (1) 弄清散文写的一个人是谁,一个家庭是哪一个家庭,一个民族是哪一个民族。 (2) 找出文章中能清晰地体现作者写作思路的几个关键句子,理清文章思路。 (3) 讨论课后“思考和练习”第二题的第1和2两个问题。 4.讨论阅读要求(1)和(2)。要求(2)的关键是找出“这个对语言有着特殊敏感、对一切新鲜事情兴趣盎然的青年,尚不满28岁,何以具备一旦向往,便锲而不舍地追求的气概与能力”这个问句以及表明访问行程的语句。进而理清文章的结构。 5.精读课文第一部分。(1) 朗读第一段,概括主要内容。(提醒“今天”一词的前后内容的不同)

(2) 在前面整体感知的基础上,讨论“开头为什么从‘迫害’‘杀戮’说起?”(提醒“今天”一词的前后内容的比照) 6.研读课文第二部分。(1) 朗读课文第二部分。(2) 讨论“课文从哪些方面充分展现戴维的语言才能?”(3) 讨论课文除了表现戴维的语言才能外,还表现了他的什么才能? 7. 总结,布置作业。(1) 阅读课文第三部分,思考戴维产生优秀才能的根源。 (2) 课外阅读有关书籍和查阅有关资料,进一步了解犹太民族。 第二课时

教学任务:1.精读课文第三部分,讨论、归纳戴维具有优秀才能的根源。2.结合全文讨论犹太人的民族精神,了解犹太人的才能和愿望。3.探究课文逐步深入地描写人物的写法。4.体会文章语言凝中的特点和丰富的内涵。

教学过程:1.交流课文阅读和查阅资料的内容。2.研读课文第三部分。 (1)朗读、讨论、归纳出戴维优秀才能的根源。(提示:家庭环境与社会教育,成长历程等,注意讨论语段)(2)结合“思考和练习”第三题,有感情地朗读课文最后一段,概括所揭示的戴维的性格特点,体会作者的感情。(3)结合讨论“思考和练习”第二题第3个问题,归纳散文的主题。

3.结合全文讨论犹太人 的民族精神,了解犹太人的才能和愿望。 4.总结全文。(1)探究课文逐步深入地描写人物的写法。(2)体会文章语言凝重的特点和丰富的内涵。

5.课堂练习。完成“思考和练习”第一题。组织讨论,推举小组代表发言。

《热爱生命》教案

教学目标

知识目标

1.理解、积累“踉跄、窒息、辗转、吹毛求疵、奄奄一息”等词语。

2.了解杰克·伦敦的人生及创作经历,把握小说富有传奇色彩的情节结构。

能力目标

1.体会小说细腻的心理描写和逼真的细节描写。 2.领会主人公的精神魅力及其象征意味。

德育目标

体会小说主人公坚韧顽强、不畏艰险的性格特征,培养敬畏生命、热爱生命的理念。 教学重点、难点

1.诵读,领会主人公的精神魅力。体会心理描写和细节描写的作用。 2.体会小说的象征意义。 课时安排 1课时 教学过程 自主预习

一、导语设计

同学们,说起美国小说家杰克·伦敦,我们自然会想到他富于传奇色彩的人生经历和拼搏中蕴蓄生命的北方小说。北极地带严寒自然情境中毅力坚强的人们,传递着的是撼人心魄的力量。今天,我们就一起走进小说《热爱生命》,去了解一个美国西部淘金者绝境求生的艰难历程。(板书文题、作者)

二、资料助读

杰克·伦敦(1876~1916)美国小说家,生于加利福尼亚旧金山一个破产农民家庭。他从幼年起就不得不出卖体力养活自己。他当过牧童、报童、童工、工人、水手。他还参加过1893年大恐慌中失业大军组成的抗议队伍,以流浪罪被捕入狱,罚做苦工几个月。出狱后,他一边拼命干活,一边刻苦学习,广泛涉猎达尔文、斯宾塞、尼采和马克思等人的著作。他曾考进加利福尼亚大学,一年后辍学。后来受了阿拉斯加淘金热的影响,加入了淘金者的行列,却因病空手而归,但带回了北方故事的丰富素材。从此,他埋头写作,成为“出卖脑力劳动”的职业作家。

杰克·伦敦从1900年起连续发表了许多短篇小说,通称为“北方故事”,是他的成名之

政治幻想小说《铁蹄》等许多中长篇小说和散文集,深刻地揭露资本主义社会的弊端和罪恶,有力地控诉资产阶级对劳动人民的剥削.公开号召用阶级斗争和武装革命推翻资本主义制度。

杰克·伦敦在十几年创作生涯中共写了19部长篇小说,150多篇中短篇小说和大量文学报告集、散文集和论文。其中比较优秀的还有《荒野的呼唤》《白牙》《天大亮》《月谷》《墨西哥人》和受到列宁赞赏的《热爱生命》。1916年杰克·伦敦在精神极度空虚和悲观失望中自杀身亡。

三、疏解下列字词。

嶝岩(chán):高而险的山岩。

踉跄(liàng qiàng):走路不稳。

辗转(zhǎn zhuǎn):①(身体)翻来覆去。②经过许多人的手或经过许多地方。

奄奄一息:形容气息微弱。

吹毛求疵(cī):故意挑毛病,找差错。疵,缺点、毛病。 骸骨(hái) 鲦鱼(tiáo) 窒息(zhì) 整体感知

1、复述故事情节。

教师提示小说情节:《热爱生命》讲述的是这样一个故事:一个美国西部的淘金者在返回的途中被朋友抛弃了,他独自跋涉在广袤的荒原上。冬天逼近了,寒风夹着雪花向他袭来,他已经没有一点食物了,而且他的腿受了伤,鞋子破了,脚在流血。他只能歪歪斜斜地蹒跚在布满沼泽、丘陵、小溪的荒原上,非常艰难地前行着。就在他的身体非常虚弱的时候,他遇到了一匹病狼。他发现这匹病狼跟在他的身后。舔着他的血迹尾随着他。就这样,两个濒临死亡的生灵拖着垂死的躯壳在荒原上互相猎取对方。为了活着回去、为了战胜这匹令他作呕的病狼.最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利,他咬死了狼,喝了狼的血。最终他获救了,使生命放射出耀眼的光芒。

2、小说的主人公在茫茫荒原上面临着哪些生死考验?他为什么能超越极限、战胜病狼而顽强地生存下来? 学生筛选、概括,教师点拨:

主人公所面临的生死考验有饥饿、恶劣的天气(“接下来是几天可怕的雨雪”)、个人体力的极度虚弱、伤病以及野兽的威胁(“这地方的狼很多”)等。他之所以能战胜这些并顽强地生存下来,是因为他坚韧顽强,不畏艰难险阻。他虽然身体衰弱无比。并且时常处于昏迷之中,却有着惊人的意志力。在这场人与自然、人与自我的至死搏斗中,人的伟大与坚强也最鲜明地体现了出来。作品所要弘扬的正是这样—种硬汉精神。 分析人物形象

在塑造这一人物时作者主要采用了哪些描写方法? 1.共同赏析精彩片段。

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二、三自然段写主人公见到驯鹿骨头的段落:

提示:这是在主人公饥饿难忍、无处觅食之时的思维独白和动作描写,一头可爱的小驯鹿只剩下了骨头,他联想到什么呢?(联想到自己,联想到生命是如此脆弱,这说明即使意志坚强的人也有内心的矛盾和痛苦,在同环境和困难斗争的时候也有自身的灰心和软弱,真实地反映了人物的内心。)

那他是否消沉,退缩呢?行动就是最好的证明,即使生肉、碎骨也让他感到欣喜,可见对生命的热爱,对生的渴求。同时他不觉得痛则说明身体的虚弱,反应开始迟钝了。

(2)人和病狼最后较量的情节是小说最为精彩的场面,也是高潮部分,可齐读最后两段:

在这部分中,写到了他的感受,突出了心理活动,生动形象地描写了人与狼搏斗的动作、过程。哪些词语或句子用得最精彩?一个濒临死亡的人最后为什么能战胜狼呢? (3)概括主人公的形象。

通过上述对主人公内心世界和细节、动作的刻画,揭示了主人公身处困境却不肯向困难低头,顽强不屈同自然作斗争的坚强意志和热爱生命的深刻主题。同时,主人公也在同自然和自身弱点的斗争中不断磨炼自己坚强的意志和求生的信念,培养了顽强的生命意志和勇敢精神,成为顽强不屈、具有超人勇气的强者。精读品析

1、清揣摩文中显著的象征物“狼”的隐喻。

杰克·伦敦“为生存而拼搏”并获得成功,他喜欢用”狼”自比,小说中的场景构设无疑是他对社会进化论思想的体现。艰难爬行的主人公和一直尾随其后的饥饿不堪、奄奄一息的狼所面临的选择是简单而清晰的:要么战胜对方生存下去,要么被对方战胜,沦为牺牲品。主人公以他坚毅勇敢的性格和顽强不屈的生命意志,在同狼的最后搏斗中取胜,成为真正的“强者”。小说启示人们,生命是神奇而宝贵的,只有敬畏生命,热爱生命,才能让生命光芒四射。

文中的“狼”可以看作险恶的自然环境与自然力量的一种隐喻。

2.“他”是小说的主人公,可文中一直没有名字,是作者的失误吗?谈谈自己的想法。

应该不是,作者用他来代指的是人类,如果加上名字那么代指的就不大明显了,'他'可以指你,也可以指我,而名字就不能代指那么广泛了.合作交流

1.分析环境描写在小说中的作用,边阅读边圈点批注。

2、文章表达了作者怎样的情感?揭示了什么样的主题?

提示:这是一支弘扬生命的赞歌,我们从文章的字里行间感受作者对人生的积极态度,对生命的珍爱,感受到生命本身那巨大的潜能,这种能量让你不管面对什么,哪怕是吞噬你的荒野、野兽,折磨你的饥饿、疾病,你都能勇敢地战胜它们。生命永远与我们同在!

《享受生活》教案

教学目标:

、了解海伦·凯勒不向命运屈服,战胜残疾,享受健康人生,享受生活的非凡经历。

2、了解本文中作者对美的追求的情感,了解作者的审美感受。

3、学会在叙述中恰当地穿插议论和抒情。教学课时:两课时。 教学过程:

第一课时

一、导入新课(由海伦·凯勒的生平导入):

1882年,一名女婴因发高烧差点丧命。她虽幸免于难,但发烧给她留下了后遗症——她再也看不见、听不见。因为听不见,她想讲话也变得很困难。这样,在她19个月时,变成了既盲又聋的孩子,她就是海伦·凯勒。

海伦并不是个轻易认输的人。不久她就开始利用其它的感官来探查这个世界了。七岁的时候她发明了60多种不同的手势,靠此和家里人交流。在她快到七岁生日时,家里便雇了一名家庭教师——安尼·沙利文。在安尼的悉心地教授下,海伦很快学会了用布莱叶盲文朗读和写作。还能读懂唇语。

海伦证明自己是个出色的学者,1904年她以优异的成绩从拉德克利夫学院毕业。她有惊人的注意力和记忆力,同时她还具有不达目的誓不罢休的毅力。上大学时她就写了《我的生命》。这使她取得了巨大的成功,从而有能力为自己购买一套住房。

她周游全国,不断地举行讲座。她的事迹为许多人著书立说。最终她声名显赫,应邀出国并受到外国大学和国王授予的荣誉。1932年,她成为英国皇家国立盲人学院的副校长。 听了我以上的介绍后,你能不能用一句话动情的介绍你所了解的作者?

二、字词教学:

驾驭(y”) 膂(l—)力 颠簸(b) 哑(yƒ)然失笑 挚(zhŒ)友 侏(zh‘)儒 消弭(m‹) 疲惫(bˆi) 百无聊赖:精神无所依托,感到非常无聊。

惟妙惟肖:形容描写或模仿得非常好,非常逼真。 义正词严:理由正当充足,言词严正有力。

三、整体感知:

快速浏览课文,说出作者大概写了多少喜欢,作者喜欢的是那些事物。从这些喜欢,你可以看出作者有怎样的人生态度?(学生探讨后组织交流)

教师明确:喜欢田野漫步和户外运动:划船、游泳、林中散步、做游戏、骑自行车、骑马等;喜欢狗,喜欢编织、下棋、玩纸牌;喜欢游览博物馆,欣赏歌剧等。

人生态度:这些“喜欢”表现出作者热爱生命,崇尚大自然,追求真善美的人生态度。

四、根据以上的探讨,了解文章的结构。

提示:以上写作者喜欢的各种活动,是从身体的活动写到心灵的活动。 第一部分(1—11)主要写自己在体育运动和交际活动中获得的精神愉快。 第二部分(12—18)主要写艺术享受,自己的精神文化追求。

第三部分(19—20)写自己在孤独中学会了忘我,在忘我中寻找到了快乐。这是对以上的总结。

第二课时

一、理解性阅读:

问题探讨:请你根据课文说说作者“触摸到这个多姿多彩的世界”有哪些方式?作为一个有很多缺陷的人,她为什么能享受到多姿多彩的生活?(学生探讨后交流)

教师明确:田野漫步,户外运动,编织,玩纸牌,做游戏,浏览博物馆和艺术馆,欣赏歌剧等。 最根本的原因是她有一颗热爱生活的心,有拥抱生活的热情。

二、品味语言:

要求:反复诵读文中你喜欢的诗意盎然的句子,谈谈你读后的感受。

第2段:在划船的时候,她感受到水的阻力,能依靠嗅觉“辨别水草和睡莲以及岸上的灌木的气味来掌握方向”,她“喜欢同风浪搏斗”,通过驾驭小船体现自己的意志和膂力。而在划船中她也感受到了美,“仿佛看见了这照耀如同白昼的月光正在经过,我触摸到了她的衣裳„„”这一段文字写得充满诗意,富有情调,表现出她的追求。

第12段:海伦通过触摸雕像,感觉到人的爱与恨、勇敢和爱情,感觉到森林的秀美与自由„„在艺术欣赏活动中,她全身心地投入。她依靠通过勤奋获取的知识,借助丰富的想像,融入了自己的感情。

是不是所有失去视听和说话功能的残疾人都能有这样的感觉?为什么?

海伦之所以能如此,在于她克服巨大的残疾障碍,她不但是一个生活的乐观者,也是一个热爱学习并善于学习和思考的人,所以她不但具备了正常人的情感,也具备了高于一般人的文学艺术修养。

第13段:写抚摸荷马雕像的感受。这是因为荷马是一位盲诗人,作者的思想情感与其有共通之处。“我常以崇敬的心情抚摸他英俊而忧伤的面庞”,“我对他庄严的额上每一道皱纹都了如指掌——如同他生命的年轮,刻着忧患的印迹”,“我能充分了解他一生的遗憾”,这些话表现出对荷马遭遇黑暗的无限同情,因为她在触摸中,与荷马的命运追求有了心灵的沟通。也正因为如此,作者才会说“我甚至怀疑,手对雕塑美的欣赏比眼睛更敏感”,“我以为触觉比视觉更能对曲线的节奏感体会入微”。

三、理解第三部分:

作者说“世界是美好的,甚至黑暗和沉寂也是如此”,可见,她不但正视现实,而且在世人认为不幸的人生中,寻找到了无穷无尽的快乐。“无论处于什么样的环境,都要不断努力,都要学会满足。”一个残疾人的达观是自强不息。

在最后一段中,作者也真实而坦诚地向读者介绍另一种情绪,她用沉郁的语言写出自己的孤独与寂寞,感受到的酸楚和痛苦,然而,“我的心仍然充满了热情”,因为“忘我就是快乐”。可见,作者热爱生命,热爱人生,同时把自己的生命融入社会,把自己在生活中感受到的爱奉献给他人,显示出宽广的胸襟,这也是作者能够享受人生,愉快一生的精神源泉。

课后练习四:忘我是快乐的。只有忘我的人,才不会计较自己的得失;只有忘我的人,才会把别人的快乐当做自己的快乐。

《送行》教案

第一课时

教学目标:

1、积累生字词,了解有关文学常识;

2、有感情地朗读课文,培养学生的感知能力和理解能力;

3、在阅读的基础上,初步理解本文主旨。

教学重点:有感情地朗读课文,整体感知课文,学会发现问题、提出问题并解决问题。

教学难点:在阅读的基础上,初步理解本文主旨,学会从生活中发现并提取生活哲理。

教学内容和过程:

一、导入新课,板书课题

我国从古至今一直有着丰富的送行文化,请同学们背诵古诗中有关送行的诗,然后激疑:这些千古传诵的送行诗写得多么情真意切、感人肺腑啊,然而课文却把送行写成十分尴尬的滑稽场面,这样写真实吗?

——这一问题一定会引起同学们强烈的兴趣,这样顺势导入课文学习。

二、预习交流

1.同学们交流本课生字词,然后教师投影一些生字词,与同学们相互交流。 2.交流有关文学常识,教师加以补充。

三、朗读课文,整体感知

1.指名学生分小节有感情地朗读课文,其他学生听,并思考下列问题:

(1)初步感知课文内容,了解文中写了哪些人送行有什么不同?

(2)你从两种不同的送行中体会到本文表达了怎样的主旨?

(3)在阅读过程中,你发现了哪些问题请提出来。 2.指名学生评价朗读,并展示朗读。 3.学生回答思考题(1),教师板书。

4.学生结合课后练习四分小组讨论思考题(2),发现共同之处,初步体会本文主旨 5.让学生明确本单元的总目标,“疑为学之始”,意在引导学生在阅读过程中独立思考,发现问题提出问题并解决问题,由此引出学生对思考题(2)的回答与讨论。

(1)通过阅读让学生积极提出自己发现的问题,让同学们共同解决。

(2)(2)让学生提出的问题进行分类。

(3)分小组选择一类题,由其它组进行讨论,教师巡视,做适当的启发、点拨。

(4)最后交流讨论结果。

四、小结本节课内容

五、布置作业:

1.课后继续发现问题,同桌之间讨论。

2.预习文章刻画人物的方法,体会文章主旨。

第二课时

教学目标:1.学习本文铺垫的写法,并体会其作用。

2.品味文章对勒罗为人送行角色的刻画,深入理解文章主旨。

3.通过品味语言了解幽默的内涵及作用,学会从中提取生活哲理.。

教学重点:教学目标1、2。 教学难点:教学目标3。

一、复习导入

思考:(1)全文都写了谁的送行?送行对象分别是谁?

(2)这两种送行在送别目的、送别场面、效果等方面有什么不同?

学生自由回答,引出新课的学习。

二、文章写真正的送行者反而尴尬,扮演的送行者都能动真情,找出文中刻画勒罗为人送行的细节的句子,体会勒罗为什么能成功?

(1)学生仔细阅读勒罗为人送行的段落,勾画出描写送行细节的句子。

(2)仔细品味这些句子,体会勒罗表达的是不是真情实感?

(3)讨论勒罗的成功说明了什么?深入品味文章主旨。

学生讨论解决以上问题,教师补充板书。

三、从文章结构设疑,学习本文铺垫的写法及作用。

设疑:全文分两部分,第一部分写送行活动中虚应故事的尴尬,第二部分写勒罗送行的精彩演出。这两部分的关系是什么?能不能把第一部分删去?为什么?

学生展开讨论,明确铺垫的手法及作用。

四、学习本文幽默的手法——不动声色。

(1)通过语言品味本文的幽默,找出你认为幽默的语言加以体会。

(2)除了语言,你觉得本文还有哪些地方写得很幽默,说出来共同品味。

(3)试想:这种幽默的写法有什么效果?

学生体会幽默的内涵及表达效果,学会从生活中发现幽默,并从中感悟生活哲理

想一想:你的生活中有哪些有趣、幽默的事物,你从中体会到怎样的生活哲理

五、小结本文内容。

六、作业:

1.选择性地完成《学习指导用书》。

2.课外收集幽默性的散文,在同学之间交流。

板书设计

局促不安

有真情而不懂表达

我们送行的朋友

说多余的话 结果事与愿违 人与人需要沟通

强作欢颜

对比:渴望真情实感 感人的表情 扮演的送行者

勒罗送陌生的小姐 给予最好的忠告

却能触动真情 热情地说

《给我的孩子们 》

内容简析

《给我的孩子们》是内涵丰富的名作,所包含的主题意义重大。通过从心灵上对孩子们健康的翔真情地赞扬了孩子们的率真自然的天性,同时抒发了自己想回到童年的感情。 创意说明

通过本文的学习,学生利用反复诵读的途径,理解了作者热爱孩子的真情,体会他渴望回到童年而不可得的悲伤之情;深入地品味语句,学习作者从日常生活小事中提炼重要主题的方法;通过学习,领会作者把“真”作为人最重要的本质天性。 活动目标

◆知识与能力

1、反复诵读,理解作者热爱孩子的真情,体会他渴望回到童年而不可得的悲伤之情。

2、品味语句,学习作者从日常生活小事中提炼主题的方法。

3、通过学习,领会作者把“真”作为人最重要的本质天性的认识。◆过程与方法

应主要使用讨论法来体验文中所蕴含的思想感情。 ◆情感、态度与价值观 启示学生要珍惜美好童年。 活动时间 2课时 活动过程 第 一 课 时

步骤 教 师 组 织 学 生 活 动 激 情 • 导 入

1 在大人的眼里,也许你还是一个不懂事的孩子,那么你希望自己快点长大,变成一个“懂事”的成人吗? 各抒己见

2 说一段你童年的快乐事。 自由发言

3 当你不知不觉步入青年的大门后,可否常常留恋自己的童年?想到永远也不能与它再见,是不是生出淡淡的哀愁?那时候,懵懵懂懂,难免让大人烦心,但谁也不会与你计较,因为你的心最真、最纯。你活得自由自在,开开心心。现在长大了呢?多了许多烦恼,是吗?等你真正变成大人的时候,说不定有更多的烦恼呢,你害怕吗?不用怕,人总是要长大的,大人的世界里,也有很多精彩。 聆听、感受 调 动 积 累 • 资 讯 共 享

1 请同学们齐读书下的注释①,谁能说你从注释①中搜集到了的有关作者的名、地、时、评、作的信息? 热爱孩子的丰子恺 丰子恺(1898—1975),现代画家、文学家、艺术教育家。早年曾师从李叔同学习绘画、音乐,深受其佛学思想的影响。“五四”后,开始进行漫画创作。早期作品多取自现实题材,带有“温

情的讽刺”,后期常作古诗新画,特别喜爱取村儿童题材。他的漫画风格简易朴实、意境隽永含蓄,是沟通文学与绘画的一座桥梁。 朗读、交流、识记 2 欣赏丰子恺画作 画诗词

丰子恺的漫画创作,是从画古诗词意开始的。在这些以古诗词为题的漫画里,却一点也闻不出陈腐的味道。画中展现的是今人鲜活的生活,典雅的意境和浓厚的生活气息无矛盾。

画儿童

丰子恺喜欢儿童、热爱儿童,甚至是儿童的崇拜者。儿童是他漫画里最重要的角色,儿童漫画是他的作品中最具有感染力的部分。在画儿童的时候,丰子恺的身份更多的是一个仁爱的父亲和宽厚的长者。 画人间

丰子恺的漫画里还有很大的部分描写人间百态。在这些画中,一些饶有情趣容易被人忽视的生活场景被画家敏感地发掘出来。对这些人和事的描写,表达了画家对人世间最博大的爱与关怀。

欣赏、感受

3 补充注音、释义 【憧(chōng)憬(jǐng)】向往。 【龌(wò)龊(chuò)】不干净,脏。 【考(kǎo)妣(bǐ)】(死去的)父亲和母亲。 【 (chǎn)袜】只穿着袜子着地, ,只,光着。

【鞠躬尽瘁】小心谨慎,贡献出全精力。 交流、讨论 诵 读 • 感 知

1 下面请同学们默读课文全文,边读边完成下列任务: ①圈划文中出现的生字词,结合上下文思考其意思;

②初步感知课文内容,用一句话来概括丰子恺本文的意思;

③在阅读课文的过程中发现了什么问题,并向全家提出来,我们共同来讨论。 默读、勾画、概括

2 挑生分段朗读课文,组织学生交流、讨论。

(把同学提出的问题分类,交给学生分组讨论,老师启发、点拨,引导学生从联系课文内容,联系生活实际中寻找依据,解决问题。) 朗读、讨论、交流 精 读 • 理 解

1 同学们能不能从课文第一自然段中找出两个词来概括作者通过本文要表达的主要感情?为什么说“憧憬、悲哀”这两个词可以概括作者在本文中所表达的主要情感?

【明确】憧憬、悲哀。因为作者在本文写孩子们童真、童趣,表达的就是对儿童率真、自然的天性的向往和赞扬;写大人们对孩子的种种干涉,表现的就是对人生不可避免的逐步丧失率真、自然的天性的极大的悲哀。 阅读、思考、交流 2 课文通过写孩子们的什么事来表现儿童的童真、童趣?这些事都表现孩子们什么样的性格特征?

【明确】直率、自然、热情、富有想象力。 阅读、思考、交流 3 本文除了写表现孩子们率真、自然的童真、童趣外,还写了大人们,请同学们再读课文,看看作者是如何看待成人的生活的?

【明确】这是开放性的问题问,只要学生的意见观点能言之成理,言之有据老师都要加以肯定。当学生思路堵塞时,老师可从联系课文内容,联系生活实际中引导学生。 阅读、思考、交流

第 二 课 时

步骤 教 师 组 织 学 生 活 动 品 读 • 探 究

1 丰子恺说,孩子“年纪越小,你的世界愈大。”你是怎样理解这句话的? 讨论、交流、明确

2 交流文中最精彩的语句欣赏。 交流、感悟 3 作者在文中写瞻瞻的笔墨最多,而且说:“瞻瞻!你尤其可佩服。”这说明在几个孩子中,作者有所偏爱,对吗? 讨论、交流

4 在作者看来,儿童是纯真的,但他们长大了就不可避免逐步丧失天性玉米得不自然或是虚伪地屈报与顺从。有人觉得这种看法太偏激,难道真的每个人都要这样吗? 各抒己见 赏读 • 延 展

1 欣赏文章的写作特色。 ①以小见大,提炼主题。

②语言直白,亲切自然。 各抒己见

2 丰子恺的烟嘴上刻着近代诗人八指头陀的一首诗: 吾爱童子身,莲花不染尘。 骂之唯解笑,打亦不生嗔。 对镜心常定,逢人语自新。 可慨年既长,物欲蔽天真。

说说这首诗寄托了作者怎样的情感。 理解、交流

3 你们带着童心的余韵,昂首阔步,即将进入另一种丰富多彩而又复杂莫测的人生.因为年少,你们自信,对于大人的说法,也许会不屑一听,甚至厌倦;因为年少,你们也会有无奈、甚至摔跤的时候。那么不妨听听“过来人”的话,或许会使自己走得更稳当,更顺利。下面是一位老师发自肺腑的忠言,你听了会话会有什么感受呢? 给我的孩子们

在我心里,有几十个可爱的孩子,组成了幸福热闹的一个家,可是由于很多的原因,你们会有些磕磕碰碰,吵吵闹闹。我希望你们每天都开心、充实呀,老是在想着,除了传授知识,还能为你们做些什么,今天就说说自己的想法,希望能给你们一些启示: 不管是在学校还是社会,善良、大度、诚实是人生必备的品质。

善良,是在别人跌倒的时候,尽力去扶他一把;在别人哭泣的时候,耐心安慰他;看见受伤的动物会不忍看,尽心对待它;坐公交车时看见有老人上来,快速地让座„„在这样的时候,做个善解人意的孩子吧!

大度,是在被人无意伤害时,轻轻地笑;是在拼搏后依旧失败时,坦然地笑;是在受委屈时,坚强地笑;是在错失机会时,自信地笑„„在这样的时刻,做个慷慨大方的孩子吧!

诚实,是在无人看你时,不乱翻别人的东西;是在无人认识你时,不闯红灯;是在发现了分外之物时,不占为已有;是在发现自己错误时,真诚地承认并改正„„在这样的瞬间,做个纯真严谨的孩子吧!多么希望你们不再为了谁说了你的坏话而怨恨,不再为谁弄坏了你的物品而暴怒,不再为别人的得意而嫉妒,做好自己的事,走好自己的路! 畅所欲言 板书设计 给我的孩子们

“我”——失去自我 俗务缠身 孩子们——纯洁真实 前途光明

《台阶》

目标定向:

1.把握父亲形象的特点及意蕴。

2.把握课文的叙述角度,体悟作品兼有崇敬和怜悯的双重感情色彩。

3.学习抓住关键语句,理解故事内容和人物思想感情的阅读方法。

4.理解课文围绕“台阶”组织材料,安排详略的写法。

5.感受父亲性格中的艰苦创业的精神和坚韧不拔的毅力,培养对待人生的积极健康的心态。

教学重点:

把握故事内容,分析父亲形象,理解作品的思想感情。

教学难点:

理解父亲形象的意蕴和组织材料的详略安排。

课时安排:

1课时。

教学流程:

一、入境生趣

我国是一个农业大国,有9亿农民。关心国事就不能不了解一下中国广大的农村和生活在这片土地上的农民。今天,我们所学的《台阶》就为我们刻画了一个中国农民的典型形象。

二、自学生疑

1.学生通读全文,指名学生简要讲述故事情节。

2.教师提示阅读要点:

(1)父亲为什么要造一栋有高台阶的新屋?

(2)父亲是怎么造起一栋有高台阶的新屋的?

(3)新屋造好了,父亲怎么样?

3.学生依据阅读提示,高效搜求相关的重要信息。

4.教师针对学生的感知,补充,整理:

父亲觉得自家的台阶低,望着人家高高的台阶,羡慕不已,他不甘心低人一等,立下宏愿,也要造一栋有高台阶的新屋。父亲体壮如牛,吃苦耐劳,他相信自己的力量,他下定决心,开始漫长的准备。他终年辛苦,准备了大半辈子,积铢累寸,终于建起了有九级台阶的新屋,一辈子的心愿得以实现,心头的喜悦真是无法形容。父亲为此付出的代价是沉重的:新屋落成了,人也衰老了,身体也垮了。

5.学生速读全文,就课文内容提出疑难问题,分析评价和心得体会。

教师启发、引导、鼓励学生大胆质疑,对交流中不太准确的理解,一般不予纠正,留待深入理解课文时解决。

三、学习释疑

学生小组内研讨以下问题,然后把讨论的结果在全班交流。

(1)为什么“父亲总觉得我们家的台阶低”?

(2)“新台阶砌好了”,为什么父亲反而处处感到“不对劲”了?

(3)作者为什么在老屋的三级石板上用了那么多笔墨?

(4)“父亲坐在绿阴里,能看见别人家高高的台阶,那里栽着几棵柳树,柳树枝老是摇来摇去,却摇不散父亲那专注的目光。这时,一片片旱烟雾在父亲头上飘来飘去。”这一处描写表现父亲什么样的思想感情?为什么不作心理描写?

(5)为什么新屋的主体工程写得简略,造台阶反而写得详细?父亲放鞭炮时的神情有什么特色?

(6)为什么“回来时,一副若有所失的模样”?这种心态怎么理解?

(7)从父亲苦干大半辈子盖起新屋,砌上了九级台阶的生活经历,你受到怎样的启示?你是如何看待父亲这个人物形象的?

四、点难拨疑

(1)因为台阶是地位的标志。人家高的有十几级,自家台阶只有三级,被人小看,“没人说过他有地位,父亲也从没觉得自己有地位”,想有地位而没有地位,所以总觉得自家的台阶低。

(2)台阶低,意味着经济地位低下,父亲由此形成了自卑心理。这种自卑心理长期存在,难以一下子消除,所以台阶高了,反而处处感到不习惯,不对劲。

(3)这篇小说题为“台阶”,先在老屋的台阶上做文章有多方面作用。

第一,写三块青石板的来历,可以写出当年父亲的力气是多么大,后面写造新屋的时候托石板闪了腰,前后就形成对比。

第二,写石板粗糙,可以暗示当年经济条件更差。

第三,写“我”在台阶上跳来跳去,表明那时年幼,而新屋造好,“我已长大成人了”,说明准备盖房前后用了一二十年。写小孩能连跳三级,可见台阶之低。写父亲在台阶的坐姿,又是写台阶之低。

第四,写父亲的脚板,写出了父亲终年辛劳的形象,也说明家庭的贫困。

(4)这篇小说是用第一人称写的,不允许写别人的心理活动,只能以形写神。父亲抽烟时专注地望着别人家高高的台阶,他羡慕,他向往,他在谋划怎样加快准备,争取能早日造起高台阶的新屋,像人家一样气派,也叫人羡慕。

(5)文章的详略是由中心而定的,题目是“台阶”,所以主体工程可以略写,造台阶则要详写。

父亲的神情很有特色。他奋斗了大半辈子,高高的台阶就要砌起来,新屋就要完工,他心里的高兴是无法形容的,他一辈子老实厚道低眉顺眼,高兴起来也自有他高兴的样子。作者微妙地写他左也不是右也不是、异乎平日而又与众不同的样子,他手足无措,想挺胸挺不直,笑也是尴尬的笑。这副喜悦的样子是非常个性化的。

(6)父亲干了一辈子,劳动就是生命,在他的精神世界中,劳动是创造,劳动有收获,劳动体现了自己的价值,一旦不能干活,就失去了这一切,所以感觉若有所失。

(7)父亲是一个非常要强的农民,他有志气,不甘人后,他要自立于受人尊重的行列,他有长远的生活目标,他有愚公移山的精神和坚忍不拔的毅力。

父亲又是一个老实厚道的农民,他用诚实的劳动兴家立业,不怕千辛万苦。同时,父亲身上有着中国传统农民所特有的谦卑。当九级台阶砌好后,他却不好意思坐上去。

五、反思学习

教师引导分析父亲形象的意蕴。

(1)从人类需要层次论的角度:人都有获得社会和他人尊重的需要,提高地位,赢得尊重,是父亲最大的心愿。

造新屋,当然首先是为了改善居住条件。但是,建筑物,无论大小,都具有人文性。“台阶高,屋主人的地位就相应高”,这篇小说着眼在台阶,写父亲对台阶的要求,就是对地位的要求,就是对尊重的要求。

人的需要总是在自己视野的范围里,由比较而产生的。父亲看别人家高高的台阶,目光那么专注,他羡慕那个气派,他感叹“我们家的台阶低!”尊重的需要使他产生希望和理想。

人的需要是建立在现实可能性的基础上的。父亲以他的力量,要造一栋有高台阶的新屋,可谓理想远大。他的血管里有民族特质中拼命硬干、坚忍不拔的精神。

(2)从生产力发展水平的角度:父亲创业之所以如此艰难,根源在于生产力水平低下。

这篇小说固然讴歌了父亲坚坚忍不拔的毅力和艰苦创业的精神,但是更有一种凄楚、辛酸的情感笼罩全篇。

父亲造的新屋,规格并不很高,不过是屋基高些,台阶从三级增至九级。但是他为此付出了大半辈子的辛劳。年轻时,三百来斤的石板一下子能背三趟,也没觉得花了太大的气力。新屋造好了,人也老了,身体也垮了。

小说告诉我们,父亲创业的艰难困苦,根源在于农村经济极端落后。小说深沉地响着时代对先进的生产力的呼唤。

六、迁移创新

从凄楚、辛酸中走来的父辈,可能他们的愿望、追求,在儿子的眼里,不是耀眼、精彩的。但却是实实在在的,他们血管中流淌着的那份坚忍不拔、拼命硬干的生命因子,恰是撑托事业辉煌的砥柱。让我们从心底祈愿,造好了新屋、砌上了九级台阶的劳苦的父辈们能尽享这份收获和喜悦,感谢父亲!

教学目标:

1.鉴赏语言,学习用鲜活的语言描摹事物。

2.体会文中生机盎然的天伦之乐和天真烂漫的童趣。

教学重点:

1.简要介绍作品,帮助学生理解课文内容。

2.学习习近平实贴切的景物描写,体会“我”眼里祖父的形象。

教学难点:

体会儿童天真烂漫的个性特征。

教学课时: 1课时。

教学过程:

一、导入新课:

童年在每个人的心里都是难忘的记忆。许多作家在回忆起自己的童年生活时,总是感慨良多。女作家萧红在她的长篇小说《呼兰河传》里,为我们展示了她充满欢乐的童年生活。让我们一起走进她的童年生活中去看一看吧!

二、指导自读:

(一)简介作者作品。1.作者。

萧红(1911~1942),黑龙江省呼兰县人,现代女作家。她出生于一个旧式家庭,年纪轻轻便品尝了许多人生辛酸,但也培养了她的反抗意识,她是作为一个旧世界的叛逆者走进文坛的。她的创作力求写真,力求绘出生活本来的色彩和道出生活的实感,这样,她状人写景,抒情写性,虽不着意敷彩设色,又在那上面染上了折光于生活的浓淡不等的色彩和明暗不同的色泽,将美丽鲜活和质朴无华统一起来,创造了一种介乎小说和散文诗之间的新的小说文体。代表作品有中篇小说《生死场》,长篇小说《呼兰河传》。 2.作品。

《呼兰河传》是一部回忆性、自传性的小说。作者仍以她惯用的散文手法,疏疏落落地写出儿时难忘的记忆。它再次打破了以人物为中心的传统小说模式,而以呼兰城的公众生活和环境为中心,辐射出生活的种种方面,正如书名所示,它是为整个小城的人情风习作传。这里面有活泼的“我”和慈爱的祖父,显示出一点天伦之乐,但这里更有着悲苦的人生。可以说,它实际上是沉默的国民灵魂的别传。课文节选部分是活泼的“我”和慈爱的祖父在一起时的快乐时光。

(二)指名朗读课文,布置学生思考:

1.课文里哪些语句是反映“我”的天真烂漫的? 2.在“我”的眼里,祖父是一个怎样的人? 3.课文对景物的描写,充满了童趣,试举例体会。 (三)学生自读课文,教师巡回指导。 (四)检查自读效果。

1.课文里哪些语句是反映“我”的天真烂漫的? 提示:如:“祖父戴一个大草帽,我戴个小草帽,祖父栽花,我就栽花;祖父拔草,我就拔草。”

(小孩子喜好模仿的天性,祖父做什么,我就做什么。)

“我看着祖父还在笑,我就说:‘你不信,我到屋里拿来你看。’”

我跑到屋里拿了鸟笼上的一头谷穗,远远地就抛给祖父了,说:“这不是一样的吗?” (自认为是正确的,因而充满自信,因祖父的笑而觉得受了莫大的委屈,对祖父也就不那么亲近了,很容易受情绪影响。)

“祖父虽然教我,我看了也并不细看,也不过马马虎虎承认下来就是了。抬头看见了一个黄瓜长大了,跑过去摘下来,我又去吃黄瓜去了。” “委屈”,一下子就忘记得一干二净了。

(在事实面前也只是马马虎虎承认错误,注意力极易分散。) 2.在“我”的眼里,祖父是一个怎样的人? 提示:可以从以下语句体会祖父的形象: “祖父一天都在后园里边。” “因为我太小,拿不动那锄头杆,祖父就把锄头杆拔下来,让我单拿着那个锄头的头来铲。” “祖父大笑起来,笑得够了,把草摘下来问我。” “祖父慢慢地把我叫过去,讲给我听„„” “祖父浇菜,我也抢过来浇„„”

归纳:从以上语句可以看出,祖父在“我”的眼里,是个热爱生活、热爱劳动,对“我”非常宽容、慈爱、谆谆教诲、平易近人的人。 3.体会课文中充满童趣的景物描写。

提示:如:“蜻蜓是金的,蚂蚱是绿的,蜂子则嗡嗡地飞着,满身绒毛,落到一朵花上,胖圆圆地就和一个小毛球似的不动了。”

(用儿童的眼光来观察,辨别颜色、形状、声响,呈现出来的是景物的本来面目,因而平实贴切,充满孩子的欢愉和真挚。类似的句子很多,可引导学生自己细心体会。)

三、布置作业:

写一段回忆童年的文字,要注意用儿童的口吻表现生活。

第11篇:九年级历史下册教案

历史是中考科目,虽然只有50分,但是也足以决定学生的中考命运。以下是小编整理的九年级历史下册教案,欢迎阅读。

教学目标

1、知识目标

通过本课学习,使学生了解古代希腊文明和罗马文明发展的基本概况,包括古代希腊文明的渊源,伯利克里统治时期雅典奴隶制的高度发展,罗马共和国和罗马帝国的兴亡。

2、能力目标

通过引导学生思考如何评价伯利克里改革,培养学生全面辩证地认识历史现象和历史人物的能力;通过引导学生比较雅典和斯巴达的不同特点,培养学生对历史现象的比较能力。

3、情感态度价值观目标

通过本课学习使学生认识:伯利克里改革使雅典奴隶制得到高度发展,从而理解改革是社会进步与发展的重要推动力,杰出人物对历史发展能起到一定的推动作用。

教学重点和难点

教学重点:伯利克里统治时期雅典奴隶制的高度发展。

教学难点:对伯利克里统治时期雅典奴隶主民主政治的全面辩证地认识;对古代罗马历史发展基本线索的把握。

教学过程

导入新课:

教师:请说出公元前2500年左右的四大古代文明名称及其产生的大致时间。

学生:埃及文明,公元前3500年;两河流域文明,公元前3500年;印度文明,公元前2500年;中国文明,公元前2070年。

教师:上述古代文明是在什么样的地理环境中发生和发展的?这些文明都处在哪两个纬度之间?古代文明为什么多发生在大河流域?

学生:大河流域。北纬20°~40°之间。原因大致有:第一,大河流域气候湿润,光热充足,地势平坦,适合人类生存;第二,大河上游高山积雪的融化,导致河水的定期泛滥,泛滥的河水提供了充沛的水源和肥沃的土壤,这些都有利于农业生产的发展。

教师:课本中14页导入框“木马计”的传说与下列哪些人物有关?

学生:厄瑞斯忒。

教师讲授:“木马计”就是第一课所学的希腊传说中,厄瑞斯忒的父亲阿伽门农远征特洛伊所使用的。这里提到的特洛伊战争,就是古代东西方之间的激烈碰撞。它反映了当时除了亚非大河流域的东方文明之外,欧洲的西方文明也已经诞生。现在,让我们一起探索西方文明之源。

(安排学生阅读全文,作读书标记;然后运用多媒体课件引导学生探索、交流、讨论、练习)

讲授新课:

一、雅典城邦的繁荣

教师:希腊的早期文明为什么被称作“爱琴文明”?

古代埃及

教师展示《古代希腊》地图,扼要介绍古代希腊的地理位置,强调指出:亚非文明古国大多发源于大河流域,是大河文明,而古代希腊文明发源于爱琴海,是一种海洋文明。

教师:古代希腊与今天的希腊国家一样吗?它的地理范围怎样?

学生结合地图回答:古希腊是一个地区而非一个国家,其地理范围与今天希腊国家的版图不同,包括希腊半岛、爱琴海诸岛和小亚细亚的西部海岸。

教师:爱琴文明发祥地在哪里?爱琴文明的中心在何地?

学生:克里特岛、迈锡尼。

教师:从爱琴文明衰落后四五百年,到公元前8世纪,古希腊开始出现奴隶制城邦。古代希腊形成的奴隶制城邦中,最重要的是哪两个城邦?

学生:斯巴达和雅典

教师:斯巴达、雅典两城邦各有何特点?

学生讨论,老师归纳:斯巴达:内陆、崇尚武力、经营农业;雅典:近海、崇尚文化、工商业发达、奴隶制共和国。

教师:斯巴达崇尚武力的历史原因是什么?雅典为何工商业发达?

学生讨论,教师归纳:斯巴达境内被征服居民人数数倍于斯巴达人,需要用暴力镇压反抗以维持统治;雅典境内多山、临海且有良好的港湾,在经济繁荣文化发达的基础上,逐渐形成对外开放对内民主的政治模式。

教师:伯利克里时期雅典的繁荣表现在哪些方面?

在学生回答基础上,归纳成以下表格

政治上 奴隶主民主政治发展到高峰

经济上 奴隶制经济高度繁荣

文化上 文化昌盛,重视教育,人才辈出

教师:伯利克里时代雅典繁荣的原因是什么?有何启示?

学生讨论。教师归纳:原因是伯利克里当政时期进行一系列改革:扩大公民权利、鼓励学术研究、重视教育、发展文艺;启示:改革是经济发展、社会进步的重要推动力,杰出人物对社会发展能起一定推动作用。

教师:如何评价伯利克里时代高度发展的奴隶主民主政治?

学生讨论,教师总结:第一,它为雅典的昌盛提供了政治上的条件和保障,把古代世界的民主政治发展到顶峰,成为一种典型范例,对近代西方民主政治也产生一定影响;第二,它是奴隶主民主政治,本质上仍然是少数奴隶主对广大奴隶的专政,能够享受到民主权利的成年男性公民只占雅典人口的1/6。

教师:请根据19页“自由阅读卡”回答:怎样认识奥运会的作用?

学生:奥运会源于古希腊城邦时代人们祭神活动和健身娱乐的需要,形成了“神圣休战”等“奥林匹克精神”,有利于当今世界的和平与发展。

二、罗马共和国的兴亡

教师:罗马共和国是在罗马城的基础上建立的。罗马于公元前509年建立了共和国。早期的罗马共和国是一个以罗马城为中心的城邦,包括周围一块不大的地方。罗马共和国建立标志着罗马进入奴隶社会。

教师:那么谁给大家讲一讲罗马的建成故事?

教师在肯定学生的同时,并组织大家共同朗读16页的英文谚语。

学生:台伯河畔,公元前509年,“罗马不是一日建成的——Rome masn’t built in A day、转意为:成功需要长期的积累和努力。”

教师接着讲述:罗马共和国建立后,从公元前5世纪开始,罗马军*在意大利半岛南征北战,经过200年努力,于公元前3世纪征服了意大利。那么,古罗马怎样成为地中海上的霸主的?

学生:为取得地中海上的霸权,公元前3世纪至公元前2世纪,同迦太基人发生三次战争,史称布匿战争,最后终于取得胜利。

教师出示动画:布匿战争。

教师向学生介绍布匿战争:迦太基城是古代地中海沿岸一座着名的商业城市,位于今天的突尼斯境内,后被罗马人所毁。罗马征服整个意大利半岛后,向外扩张,与迦太基发生冲突,于是引发了两国之间的战争。由于罗马也称迦太基为布匿,所以历史上把他们之间的战争记载为布匿战争。在一个多世纪的时间里,布匿战争先后爆发了三次。古迦太基国不断被削弱并最终被灭亡,罗马尽占其地,在其领土上设置了阿非利加省。今天英语中的非洲 Africa 即源于此。

教师:指导学生对照16页“意大利半岛”和17页“公元前2世纪末的罗马”两幅地图,感知罗马领土变化情况。同时强调:汉朝丝绸之路的西端“大秦”指的就是古代罗马。

教师:通过三次布匿战争到公元前2世纪末,罗马共和国已成为地中海上的霸主。霸主地位的确立靠的是尚武精神和长期的军事征服来实现的,长期的对外侵略扩张使罗马奴隶制迅速发展起来。但罗马社会内部却孕育着危机。那么大家想一想:在罗马共和国社会危机中爆发的大规模奴隶起义是谁领导的?此次起义被镇压后,谁建立了独*统治?

学生阅读教材回答为:斯巴达克,凯撒

教师讲述:公元前49年凯撒夺取了政权,在以后的八年里他获得了无限期的独*权力,成为一个名副其实的军事独*者,共和国名存实亡,元老院权力日渐削弱。由于凯撒的一些措施触动了元老们的利益,招来杀身之祸。凯撒死后,各派又经过长期斗争,后来凯撒的亲戚打败对手建立帝国。那么大家想一想: 罗马帝国的建立者是谁?他在哪一年开始独揽大权?

学生阅读教材回答为:屋大维,公元前27年

教师接着指出:罗马帝国延续了约五百年(公元前27—公元476年),与秦朝和西汉时期的中国一样,是当时世界上强大的帝国之一。

罗马帝国建立后,由于内战停止,政局稳定,出现了“罗马和平”时期,说明社会安定有利于经济发展和社会进步。后来罗马帝国在395年分裂成东、西两个帝国。其中的西罗马帝国在476年灭亡,标志着西欧奴隶社会的结束。联系中国奴隶社会结束的公元前475年进行比较,两者数字几乎相等,但是却有公元前、后之别,中国进入封建时代实际上比西方早了近千年。

由于这一部分知识点较多,讲述完之后,让学生整理罗马发展的历史线索:

罗马城(前8世纪)─→罗马共和国(前509年)─→称霸地中海(前2世纪)─→罗马帝国(前27年)─→帝国分裂(395年)─→西罗马帝国灭亡(476年)

课堂小结:学习了本课的知识你受到哪些启示?

启示:改革是经济发展、社会进步的重要推动力,杰出人物对社会发展能起一定推动作用等等,要尽力地去发挥学生的发散思维。

第12篇:九年级历史下册教案

篇1:九年级历史下册全册教案 人教新课标版

九年级历史下册全册教案

第一单元 苏联社会主义道路的探索

第1课 俄国十月革命

【课标要求】

1.简述俄国1917年彼得格勒武装起义的概况,了解世界历史上第一个社会主义国家的诞生及其重大意义。

【教学目标】

1.知识:了解俄国十月革命发生的原因、经过和历史意义等基本史实;把握俄国十月革命发生的历史条件及其历史发展的进程

2.能力:①总结1918年苏维埃政权所面临的困难

②总结苏维埃政权建立及巩固的原因,培养学生的分

3.情感态度价值观 :通过苏维埃政权建立和巩固的史实,使学生认识:革命政权的建立和巩固是广大人民艰苦斗争,流血牺牲才得以实现的。

【学习重点、难点】1.重点 :俄国十月革命发生的历史原因和重大历史意义。 2.难点 :二月革命后出现的两个政权并存局面

【学习过程设计】

一、新时代的曙光

1、哪些是俄国十月革命爆发的原因? a、运用课件展示“纲要信号”和教科书第4页“动脑筋”资料:

b、教师归纳:第一次世界大战的影响;二月革命后,临时政府继续执行沙皇政府的内外政策;列宁和布尔什维克党采取正确的方针政策;俄国工人阶级的力量比较集中等。这些都导致了十月革命的爆发。

2、“两个政权”分别指什么?(1917年3月,俄国爆发二月革命,推翻了沙皇专制统治,出现了两个政权:革命中建立的工人士兵代表苏维埃以及革命后建立的资产阶级临时政府。其中,临时政府是主要的、实际掌权的机关。)

3、为什么会出现两个政权并存局面?(工农群众缺乏政治斗争经验,列宁等布尔什维克党主要领导人身居国外,影响了党对群众的组织教育工作。

4、十月革命和二月革命有哪些区别?

名称时间 性质革命任务 结果

1917年3月 资产阶级民主革命 推翻沙皇统治 两个政权并存

1917年11月 无产阶级革命推翻临时政府 建立社会主义制度 二月革命 十月革命

5、运用动态地图演示彼得格勒武装起义经过: a、.起义总指挥部:斯莫尔尼宫b、起义信号:“阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰的炮声

c、起义胜利:1917年11月7日攻占冬宫,随即建立世界上第一个工人士兵苏维埃政权——人民委员会

6、十月革命的主要特征是什么?(中心城市暴动、武装夺取政权)

7、苏维埃政府采取的措施与资产阶级临时政府有什么不同?(果断退出世界大战,坚决维护民众的政治经济利益)

8、为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?(十月革命胜利后,不甘失败的内外反动势力联合起来,企图扼杀新生的苏维埃政权。为了在极端艰苦的三年国内战争中,有效地集中全国经济力量战胜敌人,苏维埃政权实行了战时共产主义政策。)

二、十月革命的历史意义

1、为什么说十月革命迎来了“新时代的曙光”?

它是人类历史上第一次获得胜利的社会主义革命。世界上第一个社会主义国家由此诞生。十月革命的胜利沉重地打击了帝国主义的统治,推动了国际社会主义运动的发展,鼓舞了殖民地半殖民地人民的解放斗争。

2、毛泽东说“十月革命一声炮响,给中国送来了马克思主义。”你怎样理解这句话? 中国当年新文化运动的发展、五四运动的爆发、中共的成立等重大历史事件,都受惠于十月革命的鼓舞和推动。

【板书设计】

第2课 对社会主义道路的探索

【课标要求】1.了解列宁在社会主义建设方面所做的探索。

2.概述二三十年代苏联社会主义建设的重大成就和经济政治体制上存在的严重弊端。

【教学目标】 1.知识:了解新经济政策、苏联的成立、苏联的工业化和农业集体化、斯大林模式; 把握新经济政策的作用和斯大林模式的利弊

2.能力:①结合新经济政策的内容来思考新经济政策的作用

②讨论总结苏联(苏俄)在社会主义建设过程中采取的重大举措。 3.情感态度价值观 :列宁的新经济政策使苏俄恢复了被战争破坏的国民经济,指明了建设社会主义的方向。“斯大林模式”高度集中的政治经济体制既保证了苏联国防、工业的强大,也为苏联社会以后的发展埋下了许多隐患 ;苏联对社会主义建设道路的探索具有开创性、艰巨性、曲折性、复杂性,它不仅对苏联历史的发展产生了深远影响,而且影响了其他国家的社会主义建设。

【学习重点、难点】 1.重点 :①新经济政策:②苏联社会主义建设的成就。 2.难点 :新经济政策和斯大林模式的弊端。

【学习过程设计】(导入新课)

我们在第1课学习了世界上第一个无产阶级政权的建立和巩固,大家想想,在反对帝国主义武装干涉和国内反革命叛乱取得胜利后,苏俄面临的最主要的任务是什么呢?(要发展经济,要进行社会主义建设。)怎样发展经济,以什么方式建设社会主义呢?则是本节课我们要学习的内容。

一、列宁对社会主义建设道路的探索 1.实施的原因

四年的世界大战和三年的国内战争对俄国经济造成的破坏是极其严重的。不仅如此,还有更重要的,(解释战时共产主义政策)随着形势的发展,战时共产主义政策已不适应新的情况,农民开始不满,阶级敌人利用农民

的不满,在一些地区组织叛乱。为此,党需要制订新的经济政策。

1921年3月,根据列宁的提议,布尔什维党通过了用粮食税代替余粮征集制的决议,苏俄开始由“战时共产主义”政策向新经济政策过渡。 2.主要内容 : 新经济政策的主要内容有哪些呢?

(学生回答略)允许多种经济并存,大力发展商品经济。促进国民经济的恢复和发展。

如果说新经济政策的实施是布尔什维克党在建设社会主义道路上在经济上采取的第一个重大举措,那么苏联的成立则是党在政治上采取的第一个重大举措。

二、苏联的成立

苏联的全称是“苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟”。为什么要成立苏联呢?这是恢复经济,建设社会主义的需要;是加强国防,抵抗外来侵略的需要;是无产阶级专政的国际主义政权性质所决定的。

三、苏联的社会主义工业化:苏联社会主义工业化是在全国实行五年计划经济建设的方式,在短时间内实现的。

1.苏联的一五计划和二五计划

由于苏联人民的艰苦奋斗,在两个五年计划的建设期间,苏联取得了重大成就,人民用十几年的时间走完了资本主义国家用几十年,甚至上百年的时间走完的道路。这不仅极大地提高了苏联人民的自信心和苏联社会主义国家的国际地位,而且也为以后苏联卫国战争的胜利奠定了物质基础。

苏联的重工业在短时间内迅速发展的情况。但与此同时,其农业在生产技术生产方式则是比较落后的,贫富分化也不断发生。如何发展农业。如何使广大农民走共同富裕的道路,如何使农业适应国家工业化的发展,联共(布)确定了农业集体化的方针。 2.农业集体化

到1937年,苏联基本上完成了农业集体化,从而使社会主义成份在苏联的整个国民经济中占有绝对优势。

四、斯大林模式的建立

1936年苏联通过了新宪法,宣布苏联是“工农社会主义国家”。1936年宪法的颁布,成为社会主义在苏联建成的标志,也是斯大林模式建立的标志:高度集中的经济政治体制。让学生看书,找到斯大林模式的作用,尤其是弊端的四点内容。(看书p10)

【板书设计】

第二单元凡尔赛——华盛顿体系下的世界

第3课 凡尔赛——华盛顿体系

【课标要求】1.了解凡尔赛和约、九国公约的基本内容。

【教学目标】 1.知识:巴黎和会的召开;凡尔赛和约和凡尔赛体系;国际联盟;华盛顿会议的召开及主要内容;凡尔赛--华盛顿体系。

2.能力:通过讲解帝国主义列强在巴黎和会上争夺霸权的表现,培养学生依据经济和军事实力来分析帝国主义外交政策动向的能力。 3.情感态度价值观 :①巴黎和会是战胜国集团重新分割世界的分赃会议,它和华盛顿会议形成的凡尔赛--华盛顿体系是帝国主义列强暂时妥协的结果,不能维护世界和平。 .重点 : ①《凡尔赛和约》。②《九国公约》。

难点:“凡尔赛-华盛顿体系”的矛盾。

教学过程 :(导入新课)与学生共同回顾第一次世界大战的性质和结果,说明战胜国集团企图根据变化了的各国实力对比关系重新分割世界,他们召开了巴黎和会和华盛顿会议,建立起对世界统治的新秩序。

(讲授新课)

一、战后的“新秩序”(板书)

1、为什么说巴黎和会是一次国分赃的会议? a、巴黎和会是怎样召开的?

1919年1月,战胜的协约国集团在法国巴黎召开了缔结和约的会议,重新安排战后世界 “新秩序”。

b、原先参加大战的国家在会议上的地位有什么区别?

苏维埃俄国被剥夺了参加和会的权利,德国及其盟国则成为受审者等候发落,就是参加会议的27个战胜国的地位也相差甚远。英、法、美三国始终是会议的主宰,而像中国这样的国家只能作为大会的陪衬。

c、在“福煦车厢”里发生过的“换位事件”说明了什么问题?

德国不甘心于《凡尔赛和约》的制裁,在第二次世界大战中对法国实施了报复。这说明巴黎和会处理战胜国与战败国之间的关系时,留下了严重的“后遗症”。 d、美国一位当代历史学家说道 :“战胜国在瓜分战败国殖民地的同时,创造出殖民统治的新理论。”这句话反映出《凡尔赛和约》是怎样处置德国海外殖民地的?

它规定战前德国的海外殖民地由英、法、日等国瓜分。 e、巴黎和会所签订的《凡尔赛和约》为什么会引发中国的五四爱国运动?

中国以战胜国身份参加了巴黎和会,要求取消帝国主义在中国的一切特权、归还在大战期间被日本夺去的德国在山东的一切权益。英、法、美等列强不但拒绝了中国代表的合理要求,而且公然在《凡尔赛和约》中规定,德国在中国山东的全部特权由日本继承,激发了中国人民的极大愤慨,引发了五四运动。

2、怎样区别《凡尔赛和约》与“凡尔赛体系”?(运用课件演示大战前后欧洲政治格局的变化,配合教师讲解) a、《凡尔赛和约》是巴黎和会上战胜国集团同德国签订的条约; b、“凡尔赛体系”是1919~1920年,协约国同德国签订了《凡尔赛和约》之后,又分别同奥、匈、土、保签订了一系列和约,由这些和约构成的对战败国领土及其殖民地再分割的体系,被称作凡尔赛体系。首先,凡尔赛体系确立了帝国主义在欧洲统治的新秩序,德、奥、匈、保、土五国的疆界因割让而缩小,原俄罗斯、德意志、奥匈三大帝国统治下的中欧和东南欧地区新成立了一批独立国家;其次,凡尔赛体系确立了帝国主义在西亚统治的新秩序,奥斯曼帝国已经解体,它原先统治的阿拉伯地区,在委任统治的名义下成为英法的殖民地;最后,凡尔赛体系还确立了帝国主义在非洲统治的新秩序,英、法等国瓜分了原德国在非洲的殖民地。

3、根据17页“动脑筋”:他们为什么这么说?

提示——因为依靠《凡尔赛和约》所建立的一战后帝国主义的世界和平秩序是极不稳固的,它是第一次世界大战战胜国妥协分赃的产物,它不仅没有消除帝国主义国家之间的矛盾,而且还加深了战败国与战胜国之间的矛盾。

4、根据《凡尔赛和约》建立了什么样的国际组织?(被英、法控制的“国际联盟”)

二、对亚太地区的“安排”

1、第一次世界大战结束后已经召开了巴黎和会,为什么还要召开华盛顿会议呢? 巴黎和会只是暂时调整了帝国主义列强在西方的关系,而他们在太平洋、东亚地区的矛盾仍然十分尖锐,日美之间的矛盾尤为激烈。所以在美国倡议下召开了这次会议。

2、毛泽东为什么说华盛顿会议使中国“回复到几个帝国主义国家共同支配的局面”? 华盛顿会议签订的《九国公约》,表面上声称尊重中国的主权、独立和领土的完整,实际上是肯定了中国半殖民地的地位。因为它宣称要中国“门户开放”、让列强在中国的“机会均等”。这就打破了日本在第一次世界大战中独霸中国的局面,便利了美国在中国扩大侵略势力,也便利了其它几个列强对中国的侵略。中国是华盛顿会议“安排”的最大受害国。

3、“华盛顿体系”确立了帝国主义在哪些地区统治的新秩序?

华盛顿会议签订的几个主要条约构成了华盛顿体系,它确立了战后帝国主义在东亚、太平洋地区的国际关系结构,华盛顿体系的建立,标志着战胜国帝国主义在全球范围内基本完成了对战后列强关系的调整和对世界秩序的重新安排,由凡尔赛体系和华盛顿体系构成的帝国主义国际关系的新格局,史称“凡尔赛—华盛顿体系”。

4、怎样理解和评价“凡尔赛——华盛顿体系”?

凡尔赛—华盛顿体系建立了战后帝国主义的世界和平秩序,但这个秩序是极不巩固的。因为它不仅没有消除帝国主义国家之间的矛盾,而且还加深了战败国与战胜国之间的矛盾。首先,凡尔赛体系并未能牢牢控制住德国,反而激起了德国对战胜国的巨大仇恨。尽管德国存在着领土丧失、军事上受限制、赔款等不利因素,但从潜力上讲,德国仍然是一个强大的国家。其次,华盛顿体系也未能有效地抑制日本,日本继续加强对中国的侵略,并准备有朝一日与美国再决高低。

【板书设计】

第4课 经济大危机 课标:

教学目的:

1、要求学生掌握的知识:

“一战”后资本主义的相对稳定时期。1929年一1933年资本主义经济危机:危机的爆发;危机的特点;危机的影响。罗斯福新政;罗斯福竞选总统;新政的目的和特点;新政措施;新政效果。

2、要使学生认识: 1929-1933年经济危机是资本主义制度根本矛盾发展的必然结果,是无法避免的。 垄断资产阶级销毁产品、毁坏生产设备和耕田等行径,认识到资本主义制度的腐朽性。 罗斯福新政有助于美国的尽快恢复,,因而不可能从根本上消除危机。

篇2:人教版九年级历史下册全册教案

人 教 版

九年级世界历史

第一单元 苏联社会主义道路的探索

第1课 俄国十月革命

教学目标

教学重点 俄国十月革命发生的历史原因和重大历史意义。

教学难点 二月革命后出现的两个政权并存局面

教学准备 多媒体课件

教学过程

导入新课

温故知新

1.第一次世界大战结局如何?(以德国为中心的同盟国战败,由英法美日中等组成的协约国集团战胜)

2.俄国原先是协约国成员,为什么不是第一次世界大战的战胜国?(指导学生阅读有关课文)

3.教师指出:战争给俄国带来了巨大的灾难,战争引起了俄国十月革命。革命胜利后建立的苏维埃俄国宣布退出大战,所以说十月革命在一定程度上制止了战争。十月革命如何取得胜利?它怎样推动人类历史的发展进程?请大家打开课本,根据屏幕上的导读提纲阅读全文,作好读书标记。

课件演示导读提纲(引导学生探索、交流、讨论、练习。) 1.哪些是俄国十月革命爆发的原因? 2.“两个政权”分别指什么?为什么会出现两个政权并存局面? 3.十月革命和二月革命有哪些区别? 4.为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?

5.十月革命最主要的特征是什么?其历史意义如何? 6.列宁和十月革命的关系如何? 组织学生学习和探究新课

一、新时代的曙光

1、哪些是俄国十月革命爆发的原因? a、运用课件展示“纲要信号”和教科书第4页“动脑筋”资料:

一二资产阶级临时政府 继续进行世界大战遭惨败 < 战月(执行反人民政策) 屠杀和平示威的反战民众 → < > 灾革工人士兵代表苏维埃 革命群众拥护列宁 < 难 命( 布尔什维克党) 列宁确定武装起义方针 十月革命

b、教师归纳:第一次世界大战的影响;二月革命后,临时政府继续执行沙皇政府的内外政策;列宁和布尔什维克党采取正确的方针政策;俄国工人阶级的力量比较集中等。这些都导致了十月革命的爆发。

2、“两个政权”分别指什么?(1917年3月,俄国爆发二月革命,推翻了沙皇专制统治,出现了两个政权:革命中建立的工人士兵代表苏维埃以及革命后建立的资产阶级临时政府。其中,临时政府是主要的、实际掌权的机关。)

3、为什么会出现两个政权并存局面?(工农群众缺乏政治斗争经验,列宁等布尔什维克党主要领导人身居国外,影响了党对群众的组织教育工作。) a、.起义总指挥部:斯莫尔尼宫 b、起义信号:“阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰的炮声

c、起义胜利:1917年11月7日攻占冬宫,随即建立世界上第一个工人士兵苏维埃政权——人民委员会

6、十月革命的主要特征是什么?(中心城市暴动、武装夺取政权)

7、苏维埃政府采取的措施与资产阶级临时政府有什么不同?(果断退出世界大战,坚决维护民众的政治经济利益)

8、为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?(十月革命胜利后,不甘失败的内外反动势力联合起来,企图扼杀新生的苏维埃政权。为了在极端艰苦的三年国内战争中,有效地集中全国经济力量战胜敌人,苏维埃政权实行了战时共产主义政策。)

二、十月革命的历史意义

1、为什么说十月革命迎来了“新时代的曙光”?

它是人类历史上第一次获得胜利的社会主义革命。世界上第一个社会主义国家由此诞生。十月革命的胜利沉重地打击了帝国主义的统治,推动了国际社会主义运动的发展,鼓舞了殖民地半殖民地人民的解放斗争。

2、毛泽东说“十月革命一声炮响,给中国送来了马克思主义。”你怎样理解这句话? 中国当年新文化运动的发展、五四运动的爆发、中共的成立等重大历史事件,都受惠于十月革命的鼓舞和推动。

练习巩固

1、完成第5页“练一练·选择题”:俄国十月革命爆发于公历( d ) a.2月b.3月 c.10月 d.11月

2、列宁和十月革命的关系如何?(十月革命的领导人是伟大的革命导师列宁。正是列宁

领导的布尔什维克党制定了正确的方针、政策,才取得了十月革命的胜利。十月革命迎来了新时代的曙光。从此,社会主义制度开始了同资本主义制度曲折、长期的斗争。)

4、建议学生.回忆小学时候学过的课文──《诚实的孩子》,或者借阅电影故事《列宁在十月》、《列宁在1918年》等相关作品,自觉学习列宁的革命首创精神,认识领袖人物在推动历史前进中的重要作用。

5、提醒学生预习第2课《对社会主义道路的探索》。

第2课 对社会主义道路的探索

新经济政策、苏联的工业化和农业集体化

教学难点 如何正确评价斯大林模式

教学过程

导入新课

温故知新

1、十月革命胜利后,苏俄三年国内战争时期,在经济上采用了什么政策? 苏维埃政权实行了战时共产主义政策

2、这一政策的实施结果如何? 在极端艰苦的三年国内战争中,有效地集中全国人力物力,最终战胜了敌人。但是,也引起了人民群众尤其是农民群众的不满,破坏了生产力的发展,造成生产下降,社会不稳定。

3、放映《列宁同农民交谈》图片,指出:

它描绘十月革命胜利后,列宁在一间简朴的办公室里接见从外省步行来访的农民的情景,反映出革命领袖和普通农民之间的感情交流和融洽的关系。列宁是为了谋求劳苦大众的解放而领导革命斗争的。革命胜利前主要通过政治上、军事上的探索。如今革命胜利了,怎

样进行经济建设才能满足民众的需求?于是,列宁对社会主义道路开始了新的探索。请大家打开课本,根据屏幕上的导读提纲阅读全文,作好读书标记。

课件演示导读提纲(引导学生探索、交流、讨论、练习。)

1、列宁为什么决定实施新经济政策?怎样评价这个政策?

2、苏联是怎样成立的?怎样从年代上区分“沙俄”、“苏俄”、“苏联”?

3、“斯大林模式”高度集中的政治经济体制是如何形成的?如何评价这种体制的利与弊?

组织学生学习和探究新课

一、列宁对社会主义建设道路的探索

1、列宁曾说:“我们计划??用无产阶级国家直接下命令的办法在一个小农国家里按共产主义原则来调整国家的产品生产和分配。现实生活说明我们错了。”请你据此回答下列问题: a、“用无产阶级国家直接下命令的办法”指的是什么政策?

战时共产主义政策

b、.列宁说这话时,苏俄发生了怎样的变化?

国内战争已经结束,战时共产主义政策集中全国人力物力战胜敌人的的历史使命已经完成。进入和平建设时期后,战时共产主义政策对人民群众尤其是农民群众生产生活的诸多限制,日益引起不满。必须尽快改变这种状况,尽量调动人民群众的生产积极性,恢复和发展国民经济。

c、.针对这种形势,列宁做出了怎样的探索?

1921年开始实施新经济政策,允许多种经济并存,大力发展商品经济。1927年,国家经济恢复到了世界大战前的水平。

2、运用课件组织学生完成填图练习:苏联是哪一年成立的?那时的4个加盟共和国在地图上什么位置?后来共有几个加盟共和国?

1922年;俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、乌克兰、外高加索联邦;15。

3、怎样从年代上区分“沙俄”、“苏俄”、“苏联”? 1917年 二月革命以前,沙皇统治下的俄国简称“沙俄”。1917年十月革命胜利到1922年底苏联成立前的苏维埃俄国简称“苏俄”。“苏联”全称“苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟”,到1991年解体,如今已经成为历史名词。

二、苏联的社会主义建设

1、苏联怎样从落后的农业国迅速变成先进的工业国?

1928~1937年,苏联人民在斯大林领导下,放弃新经济政策,转而进行第

一、第二个五年计划建设,集中力量重点发展重工业,迅速实现了社会主义工业化。

苏联的工业化速度很快,具有后来居上的显著特征。其工业总产值迅速跃居欧洲第一位、世界第二位。但是国民生产总值平均计算到个人,仍然落后于欧美主要资本主义国家,人民生活水平提高的速度相对迟缓,民众的不满情绪就很容易被敌对势力所利用。

3、毛泽东在《论十大关系》中说:“苏联的办法把农民挖得很苦。他们采取所谓义务交

篇3:九年级下册历史教案 中华书局版

第1课 俄国十月革命

教学目标

教学重点 俄国十月革命发生的历史原因和重大历史意义。 教学难点 二月革命后出现的两个政权并存局面

教学准备 多媒体课件

教学过程

导入新课

温故知新

1.第一次世界大战结局如何?(以德国为中心的同盟国战败,由英法美日中等组成的协约国集团战胜)

2.俄国原先是协约国成员,为什么不是第一次世界大战的战胜国?(指导学生阅读有关课文)

3.教师指出:战争给俄国带来了巨大的灾难,战争引起了俄国十月革命。革命胜利后建立的苏维埃俄国宣布退出大战,所以说十月革命在一定程度上制止了战争。十月革命如何取得胜利?它怎样推动人类历史的发展进程?请大家打开课本,根据屏幕上的导读提纲阅读全文,作好读书标记。

课件演示导读提纲(引导学生探索、交流、讨论、练习。) 1.哪些是俄国十月革命爆发的原因? 2.“两个政权”分别指什么?为什么会出现两个政权并存局面? 3.十月革命和二月革命有哪些区别? 4.为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?

5.十月革命最主要的特征是什么?其历史意义如何? 6.列宁和十月革命的关系如何? 组织学生学习和探究新课

一、新时代的曙光

1、哪些是俄国十月革命爆发的原因? a、运用课件展示“纲要信号”和教科书第4页“动脑筋”资料:

一二资产阶级临时政府 继续进行世界大战遭惨败 十< 战月(执行反人民政策) 屠杀和平示威的反战民众 月→ < > 灾革工人士兵代表苏维埃 革命群众拥护列宁 革< 难 命 (布尔什维克党) 列宁确定武装起义方针 命

b、教师归纳:第一次世界大战的影响;二月革命后,临时政府继续执行沙皇政府的内外政策;列宁和布尔什维克党采取正确的方针政策;俄国工人阶级的力量比较集中等。这些都导致了十月革命的爆发。

2、“两个政权”分别指什么?(1917年3月,俄国爆发二月革命,推翻了沙皇专制统治,出现了两个政权:革命中建立的工人士兵代表苏维埃以及革命后建立的资产阶级临时政府。其中,临时政府是主要的、实际掌权的机关。)

3、为什么会出现两个政权并存局面?(工农群众缺乏政治斗争经验,列宁等布尔什维克党主要领导人身居国外,影响了党对群众的组织教育工作。

4、十月革命和二月革命有哪些区别?

5、运用动态地图演示彼得格勒武装起义经过,组织学生完成填图练习: a、.起义总指挥部:斯莫尔尼宫 b、起义信号:“阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰的炮声

c、起义胜利:1917年11月7日攻占冬宫,随即建立世界上第一个工人士兵苏维埃政权——人民委员会

6、十月革命的主要特征是什么?(中心城市暴动、武装夺取政权)

7、苏维埃政府采取的措施与资产阶级临时政府有什么不同?(果断退出世界大战,坚决维护民众的政治经济利益)

8、为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?(十月革命胜利后,不甘失败的内外反动势力联合起来,企图扼杀新生的苏维埃政权。为了在极端艰苦的三年国内战争中,有效地集中全国经济力量战胜敌人,苏维埃政权实行了战时共产主义政策。)

二、十月革命的历史意义

1、为什么说十月革命迎来了“新时代的曙光”?

它是人类历史上第一次获得胜利的社会主义革命。世界上第一个社会主义国家由此诞生。十月革命的胜利沉重地打击了帝国主义的统治,推动了国际社会主义运动的发展,鼓舞了殖民地半殖民地人民的解放斗争。

2、毛泽东说“十月革命一声炮响,给中国送来了马克思主义。”你怎样理解这句话? 中国当年新文化运动的发展、五四运动的爆发、中共的成立等重大历史事件,都受惠于十月革命的鼓舞和推动。

练习巩固

1、完成第5页“练一练·选择题”:俄国十月革命爆发于公历( d ) a.2月b.3月 c.10月 d.11月

2、列宁和十月革命的关系如何?(十月革命的领导人是伟大的革命导师列宁。正是列宁领导的布尔什维克党制定了正确的方针、政策,才取得了十月革命的胜利。十月革命迎来了新时代的曙光。从此,社会主义制度开始了同资本主义制度曲折、长期的斗争。)

4、建议学生.回忆小学时候学过的课文──《诚实的孩子》,或者借阅电影故事《列宁在十月》、《列宁在1918年》等相关作品,自觉学习列宁的革命首创精神,认识领袖人物在推动历史前进中的重要作用。

5、提醒学生预习第2课《对社会主义道路的探索》。

第2课 苏联社会主义建设的成就

教学重点 新经济政策、苏联的工业化和农业集体化

教学难点 如何正确评价斯大林模式

教学过程

导入新课

温故知新

1、十月革命胜利后,苏俄三年国内战争时期,在经济上采用了什么政策? 苏维埃政权实行了战时共产主义政策

2、这一政策的实施结果如何? 在极端艰苦的三年国内战争中,有效地集中全国人力物力,最终战胜了敌人。但是,也引起了人民群众尤其是农民群众的不满,破坏了生产力的发展,造成生产下降,社会不稳定。

3、放映《列宁同农民交谈》图片,指出:

它描绘十月革命胜利后,列宁在一间简朴的办公室里接见从外省步行来访的农民的情景,反映出革命领袖和普通农民之间的感情交流和融洽的关系。列宁是为了谋求劳苦大众的解放而领导革命斗争的。革命胜利前主要通过政治上、军事上的探索。如今革命胜利了,怎样进行经济建设才能满足民众的需求?于是,列宁对社会主义道路开始了新的探索。请大家打开课本,根据屏幕上的导读提纲阅读全文,作好读书标记。

课件演示导读提纲(引导学生探索、交流、讨论、练习。)

1、列宁为什么决定实施新经济政策?怎样评价这个政策?

2、苏联是怎样成立的?怎样从年代上区分“沙俄”、“苏俄”、“苏联”?

3、“斯大林模式”高度集中的政治经济体制是如何形成的?如何评价这种体制的利与弊? 组织学生学习和探究新课

一、列宁对社会主义建设道路的探索

1、列宁曾说:“我们计划??用无产阶级国家直接下命令的办法在一个小农国家里按共产主义原则来调整国家的产品生产和分配。现实生活说明我们错了。”请你据此回答下列问题: a、“用无产阶级国家直接下命令的办法”指的是什么政策?

战时共产主义政策

b、.列宁说这话时,苏俄发生了怎样的变化?

国内战争已经结束,战时共产主义政策集中全国人力物力战胜敌人的的历史使命已经完成。进入和平建设时期后,战时共产主义政策对人民群众尤其是农民群众生产生活的诸多限制,日益引起不满。必须尽快改变这种状况,尽量调动人民群众的生产积极性,恢复和发展国民经济。

c、.针对这种形势,列宁做出了怎样的探索?

1921年开始实施新经济政策,允许多种经济并存,大力发展商品经济。1927年,国家经济恢复到了世界大战前的水平。

2、运用课件组织学生完成填图练习:苏联是哪一年成立的?那时的4个加盟共和国在地图上什么位置?后来共有几个加盟共和国?

1922年;俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、乌克兰、外高加索联邦;15。

3、怎样从年代上区分“沙俄”、“苏俄”、“苏联”? 1917年 二月革命以前,沙皇统治下的俄国简称“沙俄”。1917年十月革命胜利到1922年底苏联成立前的苏维埃俄国简称“苏俄”。“苏联”全称“苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟”,到1991年解体,如今已经成为历史名词。

二、苏联的社会主义建设

1、苏联怎样从落后的农业国迅速变成先进的工业国?

1928~1937年,苏联人民在斯大林领导下,放弃新经济政策,转而进行第

一、第二个五年计划建设,集中力量重点发展重工业,迅速实现了社会主义工业化。

2、苏联的工业化与英国的工业化相比,有哪些显著的不同点?

苏联的工业化速度很快,具有后来居上的显著特征。其工业总产值迅速跃居欧洲第一位、世界第二位。但是国民生产总值平均计算到个人,仍然落后于欧美主要资本主义国家,人民生活水平提高的速度相对迟缓,民众的不满情绪就很容易被敌对势力所利用。

3、毛泽东在《论十大关系》中说:“苏联的办法把农民挖得很苦。他们采取所谓义务交售制等项办法,把农民生产的东西拿走太多,给的代价又极低。他们这样来积累资金,使农民的生产积极性受到极大的损害。你要母鸡多生蛋,又不给它米吃,又要马儿跑得好,又要马儿不吃草。世界上哪有这样的道理。”你怎样理解这句话? a、“苏联的办法”指什么?(农业集体化运动中的强迫性措施)

b、这些办法在客观上产生了哪些弊端?(国家从农民手中拿走的东西太多,使农民的生产积极性受到极大的损害,农业生产长期停滞不前,导致整个国民经济发展不平衡。)

4、邓小平说:“社会主义究竟是个什么样子,苏联搞了很多年,也并没有完全搞清楚。可能列宁的思路比较好,搞了个新经济政策,但是后来苏联的模式僵化了。” 你怎样理解这句话? a、“列宁的思路”好在哪里?(以新经济政策取代战时共产主义政策是俄国国情决定的。它是列宁将马克思主义与俄国实际相结合的典范。列宁的这一创新精神直到今天仍焕发着强大的生命力。) b、“后来苏联的模式”也被称为什么?(斯大林模式) c、这个模式形成的标志是什么?

1936年苏联通过新宪法,宣布苏联是“工农社会主义国家”,标志着苏联高度集中的政治经济体制的形成。 d、这个模式形成的背景如何?

当时苏联外有帝国主义的包围,领导国家的权力需要集中起来,才能有效对付外部的挑战。同时由于当时苏联的国内经济、文化相对落后,在人们的思想观念中,比较容易产生个人崇拜,导致个人专断。

e、斯大林模式的弊端给了我们什么教训?

① 在发展重工业的同时,也要兼顾农业和轻工业的发展;

② 发展经济要尊重市场规律,既抓产值和产量,也抓产品品种创新和产品质量提高;

③ 要提高农民生产积极性,必须切实维护广大农民的利益,不能从农民手中拿走太多东西; ④ 大力保护环境和资源,提倡可持续发展,注重经济效益等;⑤在政治上要防止个人专断,切实加强民主与法制。

练习巩固

1、完成第10页“练一练·选择题”:最初加入苏联的加盟共和国不包括( d ) a、俄罗斯联邦b、外高加索联邦 c、乌克兰 d、爱沙尼亚

2、列出与

1、2两课内容有关的大事年表:

4、建议学生结合政治科内容,总结学习本课的心得体会:看问题应当从实际出发、实事求是;生产关系一定要适合生产力的发展;劳动者是生产力的主要组成部分,社会主义国家政权必须切实维护民众的利益等等。

5、提醒学生预习第3课《凡尔赛——华盛顿体系》。

第3课 凡尔赛——华盛顿体系的确立

教学目标

篇4:《九年级历史下册全套教案(新人教版)》

第一单元 苏联社会主义道路的探索

第1课 俄国十月革命

教学目的

1.基础知识:二月革命;彼得格勒武装起义的爆发和胜利;人民委员会的建立;苏俄退出第一次世界大战;《土地法令》;苏维埃人民反对帝国主义的武装干涉和国内反革命叛乱的斗争。

2.思想教育:①通过讲述十月社会主义革命胜利的史实,使学生认识列宁和布尔什维克党的正确领导,是十月革命胜利的根本保证。②通过苏维埃政权建立和巩固的史实,使学生认识:革命政权的建立和巩固是广大人民艰苦斗争,流血牺牲才得以实现的。

3.能力培养:①总结1918年苏维埃政权所面临的困难,培养学生的概括能力。②总结苏维埃政权建立及巩固的原因,培养学生的分析理解能力。

教学重点和难点

重点:十月革命的准备,十月革命的历史意义。

难点:二月革命后出现两个政权并存局面的原因,十月革命的历史意义。

教学方法 以讲述法为主,辅以课堂讨论。

教学过程

(导入新课)提问:一次大战的后果是什么?

(讲授新课)十月革命是人类历史的转折点,是世界现代史的开端。从1917年十月革命到现在的历史为世界现代史。今天我们来学习第1课 俄国十月革命。了解这一人类历史上重大事件的基本情况。(板书课题)

一、新时代的曙光(板书) 1.二月革命

十月革命是在什么情况下进行的呢?是在一次大战过程中,俄国二月革命后。俄国人民为什么要进行二月革命?二月革命取得的结果是什么?革命后俄国出现了什么局面呢?人民革命的要求,革命的目的达到了吗?为什么?

二月革命虽然推翻了沙皇专制制度,但俄国人民迫切要求获得和平、面包和土地的愿望并没有实现。没实现的原因刚才同学已经回答了,这就是掌权的是资产阶级临时政府。他们为了自身的利益,不顾放弃瓜分战利品的机会,因此不顾人民的要求,继续进行帝国主义战争,并企图借助战争来消灭革命力量。在这种情况下,布尔什维克党如何领导人民继续斗争,是迫切需要解决的问题。全党、全体劳动人民都热切盼望着伟大领袖列宁的归来。 2.十月社会主义革命的胜利(板书)

1917年4月16日,长期流亡国外的列宁回到了首都彼得格勒。成千上万的工人、士兵和革命群众争先恐后地奔赴车站,欢迎自己爱戴的领袖。请大家看插图《列宁回到彼得格勒》。从这张图中,你看到了什么?(学生回答略,教师总结)我们把同学们说的概括为三点。第一,列宁的回国,受到了群众发自内心的欢迎;第二,人民群众手中掌握着武装;第三,列宁号召人民要把革命进行到底。布尔什维克党为进行社会主义革命做了大量的准备工作。而在这一系列的准备工作中,列宁起了至关重要的作用。我们一起来归纳一下。(学生回答略)列宁所起的作用还表现在亲自领导了彼得格勒的武装起义。 3.彼得格勒武装起义的胜利(板书)

现在来想一个问题,彼得格勒的武装起义从11月6日晚发动到11月7日晚取胜,仅用了一天的时间,这短时间取胜的原因在哪里呢?(学生回答从略)我们把大家所说的原因概括一下:第一,由于布尔什维克党的领导,特别是列宁的亲自领导;第二,由于人民群众掌握着武装;第三,由于革命战士的英勇奋战。

在首都武装起义的影响下,莫斯科等城市相继爆发了武装起义。革命烈火迅速燃遍俄国各地,到1918年2月,苏维埃政权在全国范围内建立起来了。 4.苏维埃政府的建立(板书)

资产阶级临时政府被推翻后,建立了世界上第一个工人士兵苏维埃政府——人民委员会,列宁当选为主席。这是代表劳苦大众利益的政府,这是为人民群众谋利益的政府。政府成立后的第一个对外政策的法令是《和平法令》。经过同德奥谈判议和,苏俄退出了战争,人民赢得了和平。对内则通过了《土地法令》没收地主、寺院的土地,分配给农民,人民获得了土地。俄国人民梦寐以求的事情,苏维埃政府做到了,这是多么的使人欢欣鼓舞啊。 5.国内战争和苏维埃政权的巩固(板书)

对苏俄这世界上第一个社会主义国家,一切帝国主义国家是极端仇视、害怕的。他们千方百计欲置其于死地,而国内被推翻的反动阶级也不甘心失败,他们妄图在国际反动势力的支持下,卷土重来。推翻苏维埃政权,恢复他们所失去的一切。苏维埃政权面临着严峻的形势,面临着极其严重的困难。我们请同学们分析概括一下,苏维埃政权面临着哪些具体困难呢?(学生回答略)这些困难威胁到了新生的政权,党领导人民进行了巩固政权的艰苦斗争。经过三年的艰苦斗争,苏俄人民在党的领导下,终于取得了反对帝国主义武装干涉和国内反革命叛乱的基本胜利。苏维埃政权巩固了,第一个社会主义国家巍然屹立。

俄国十月革命是人类历史上第一个获得胜利的社会主义革命,所以其意义重大。

二、十月革命的历史意义(板书)

书上有一思考题:你是怎样理解十月革命开辟了人类历史新纪元的?对照课文,谈谈你的理解?(回答略)我们以前讲过英国、法国资产阶级革命,结果是资本主义剥削制度代替了封建剥削制度,而十月革命则是从根本上消灭人剥削人的制度,消灭剥削阶级。所以我们说十月革命开辟了人类历史的新纪元,为人类解放事业指出了光明的道路。

第2课 对社会主义道路的探索

教学目的 1.基础知识:新经济政策;苏联的成立;苏联的社会主义工业化和两个五年计划的成就;苏联农业集体化;1936年苏联宪法,斯大林模式的确立。

2.思想教育:①通过介绍新经济政策的实施,使学生认识:它是苏俄当时具体国情的需要,调动了农民的生产积极性,促进了经济的恢复和发展。②通过介绍苏联在短时期内社会主义建设取得的成就,使学生认识:社会主义制度的优越性,是被历史证明了的。

3.能力培养:①在老师的引导下,结合新经济政策的内容来思考新经济政策的作用,培养学生的分析能力。②讨论总结苏联(苏俄)在社会主义建设过程中采取的重大举措,培养学生归纳、概括问题的能力。 教学重点和难点

重点:①新经济政策:②苏联社会主义建设的成就。

难点:新经济政策和斯大林模式的弊端。

教学方法 以讲述为主,辅以谈话法和课堂讨论。

教学过程

(导入新课)提问:我们在第1课学习了世界上第一个无产阶级政权的建立和巩固,那么,大家想想,在反对帝国主义武装干涉和国内反革命叛乱取得胜利后,苏俄面临的最主要的任务是什么呢?(学生回答略)要发展经济,要进行社会主义建设。怎样发展经济,以什么方式建设社会主义呢?则是本节课我们要学习的内容。(板书课题) 战争结束了,政权巩固了,这就为布尔什维克党把工作重心转移到经济建设上来创造了条件。俄共(布)在建设社会主义道路上采取的第一个重大举措是新经济政策的实施。为什么要实施这一政策?这一政策的主要内容是什么?它实施以后起了什么作用?

一、列宁对社会主义建设道路的探索(板书) 1.实施的原因(板书)

四年的世界大战和三年的国内战争对俄国经济造成的破坏是极其严重的。不仅如此,还有更重要的,(解释战时共产主义政策)随着形势的发展,战时共产主义政策已不适应新的情况,农民开始不满,阶级敌人利用农民的不满,在一些地区组织叛乱。为此,党需要制订新的经济政策。再有,为建设社会主义,党制订了俄罗斯全国电气化的远景计划,要实现社会主义工业现代化的大生产。而要使这一切成为现实,就要恢复发展经济,特别是要首先恢复和发展农业。

1921年3月,根据列宁的提议,布尔什维党通过了用粮食税代替余粮征集制的决议,苏俄开始由“战时共产主义”政策向新经济政策过渡。 2.主要内容(板书)

新经济政策的主要内容有哪些呢?(学生回答略)允许多种经济并存,大力发展商品经济。促进国民经济的恢复和发展。

如果说新经济政策的实施是布尔什维克党在建设社会主义道路上在经济上采取的第一个重大举措,那么苏联的成立则是党在政治上采取的第一个重大举措。

二、苏联的成立(板书)

苏联的全称是“苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟”。为什么要成立苏联呢?这是恢复经济,建设社会主义的需要;是加强国防,抵抗外来侵略的需要;是无产阶级专政的国际主义政权性质所决定的。苏联成立的时间是1922年。参加的基础是平等、自愿。当时加盟的共和国有四个,俄罗斯,外高加索,乌克兰和白俄罗斯。后来逐步增加,到1940年共有15个。(引导学生看课本p8《苏联各加盟共和国示意图》)

1924年列宁逝世了,这对苏联,对世界无产阶级革命事业都是不可估量的损失。列宁对苏俄(苏联),对世界无产阶级革命事业所做的贡献永垂史册。列宁逝世以后,以斯大林为首的联共(布)领导人民为实现国家社会主义工业化进行斗争。

三、苏联的社会主义工业化(板书) 苏联社会主义工业化是在全国实行五年计划经济建设的方式,在短时间内实现的。 1.苏联的一五计划和二五计划(板书)

由于苏联人民的艰苦奋斗,在两个五年计划的建设期间,苏联取得了重大成就,人民用十几年的时间走完了资本主义国家用几十年,甚至上百年的时间走完的道路。这不仅极大地提高了苏联人民的自信心和苏联社会主义国家的国际地位,而且也为以后苏联卫国战争的胜利奠定了物质基础。

苏联的重工业在短时间内迅速发展的情况。但与此同时,其农业在生产技术生产方式则是比较落后的,贫富分化也不断发生。如何发展农业。如何使广大农民走共同富裕的道路,如何使农业适应国家工业化的发展,联共(布)确定了农业集体化的方针。 2.农业集体化(板书)

到1937年,苏联基本上完成了农业集体化,从而使社会主义成份在苏联的整个国民经济中占有绝对优势。

四、斯大林模式的建立

1936年苏联通过了新宪法,宣布苏联是“工农社会主义国家”。1936年宪法的颁布,成为社会主义在苏联建成的标志,也是斯大林模式建立的标志:高度集中的经济政治体制。让学生看书,找到斯大林模式的作用,尤其是弊端的四点内容。(看书p10)

第二单元凡尔赛——华盛顿体系下的世界

第3课 凡尔赛——华盛顿体系

教学目的

1.基础知识:巴黎和会的召开;凡尔赛和约和凡尔赛体系;国际联盟;华盛顿会议的召开及主要内容;凡尔赛--华盛顿体系。

2.思想教育:通过本课讲述使学生认识:①巴黎和会是战胜国集团重新分割世界的分赃会议,它和华盛顿会议形成的凡尔赛--华盛顿体系是帝国主义列强暂时妥协的结果,不能维护世界和平。②国际联盟是帝国主义维护战后世界统治秩序的工具。

3.能力培养:通过讲解帝国主义列强在巴黎和会上争夺霸权的表现,培养学生依据经济和军事实力来分析帝国主义外交政策动向的能力。

教学重点和难点

重点:①《凡尔赛和约》。②《九国公约》。

难点:“凡尔赛-华盛顿体系”的矛盾。

教学方法 讲述法,辅以讨论法。

教学过程

(导入新课)与学生共同回顾第一次世界大战的性质和结果,说明战胜国集团企图根据变化了的各国实力对比关系重新分割世界,他们召开了巴黎和会和华盛顿会议,建立起对世界统治的新秩序。

(讲授新课)

一、战后的“新秩序”(板书)

1919年1月,战胜国协约国集团在巴黎召开和会。27个国家参加会议,实际最后决定权操纵在和会的“三巨头”手中。(请学生看教材《巴黎和会“三巨头”》图和小字内容,了解各大国争霸图谋和矛盾,然后补充讲解)法国总理克里孟梭,英国首相劳合·乔治,美国总统威尔逊。美国有位历史学家说:“凡尔赛和约的制定者??是在恨、贪、惧的气氛中集合于巴黎的。他门怀恨敌人,贪婪殖民地和赔款,恐惧布尔什维主义。”

(请学生阅读教材凡尔赛和约内容,概括成领土、军事、政治、赔款、殖民地5个方面,教师讲解与组织学生讨论穿插进行)领土问题,请同学们对比教材战前与战后欧洲地图中德国疆域变动情况,德国丧失了近1/8的领土和1/10的人口。这样残酷的规定对德意志民族心理上会造成什么影响?军事方面,请同学们联系德国十一月革命这个背景,考虑“只准保留陆军10万人”这项规定的双重目的--既防止德国军事力量威胁协约国,又为德国保留镇压国内革命力量的相当兵力。殖民地方面,“委任统治”权规定的实质是什么?(使战胜国重新瓜分殖民地披上合法外衣。)中国也是战胜国之一,但是,我们怎样看待和约关于山东问题的规定?(帝国主义大国漠视弱小国家正当的民族权益)凡尔赛和约是战胜国强加给德国的十分苛刻的和约。它埋下了德意志民族复仇主义的种子,并为后来希特勒所利用。和会一结束,德国复仇主义者便喊出“打倒凡尔赛和约”口号。

继凡尔赛和约后,协约国又先后同战败的奥、保、匈、土签订和约。这些和约和凡尔赛和约构成凡尔赛体系,确立了帝国主义在欧洲、西亚和非洲的统治新秩序。维护这个新秩序的工具就是国际联盟。

二、国际联盟(板书)

创设国际联盟的主张是美国总统威尔逊首先提出来的。它曲折地反映了饱经战祸的世界各国人民渴望根除战争,保障和平的愿望。盟约中有维护和平、制裁侵略的漂亮辞句,但这不过是战胜大国争霸世界的障眼法。特别是关于瓜分战败国殖民地的“委任统治”规定,暴露了这一机构的帝国主义性质。威尔逊原本指望利用国际联盟来实现美国对世界的领导,但创设国联的主张一经列为巴黎和会的重要议题,国联就成为推行英、法意志的工具。所以,美国最终没有加入国际联盟。

三、华盛顿会议(板书)

为了协调帝国主义列强间的争霸关系,在美国倡议下,1921年11月到1922年2月,包括中国在内的九国代

篇5:九年级历史下册教案[北师大版] 第1课 《俄国向何处去》教学案例设计

★教学目标:

知识与能力:俄国二月革命和两个政权并存局面的出现;俄国十月社会主义革命的胜利;

战时共产主义政策;新经济政策制定的历史背景.要点.实施的意义;通过对俄国十月社会主

义革命胜利进程的学习,使学生认识到:无产阶级政党的路线.方针和政策正确与否是革命成

败的关键。通过对新经济政策实施的分析,使学生认识:新经济政策的制定与实施,符合当

时苏俄的国情,表明列宁找到了一条落后的俄国向社会主义过渡的正确途径。

过程与方法:通过引导学生分析.评价战时共产主义政策,提高学生全面.辩证地评价历

史问题的能力。通过引导学生分析新经济政策的实施,培养学生运用主要矛盾和次要矛盾. 经济基础与上层建筑的辩证唯物主义.历史唯物主义观点分析问题的能力。

情感态度与价值观:通过对俄国十月社会主义革命历史意义的学习,使学生认识社会主

义制度代替资本主义制度,是历史发展的必然。十月革命开辟了人类历史的新纪元。

★教学重点.难点:

重点:俄国社会主义革命的历史条件;十月革命胜利的世界历史意义;新经济政策的实

施。

难点:对战时共产主义政策的评价;探索向社会主义过渡的途径。

★教学手段:准备本课插图.挂图

★教学方法:讲授法.谈话法

★教学时间:一课时 ★教学过程: 1.导入新课:

同学们还记得上学期我们学习的世界近代史的主要内容吗?我们学习的最后一件大事是?

促使“一战”结束的两个事件是?(学生答)促使俄国退出战争的是无产阶级的革命斗争,

俄国十月社会主义革命开创了社会主义制度。从今天开始,我们将学习世界现代史部分的内

容。世界现代史是垄断资本主义进一步发展,社会主义曲折前进,两种社会制度长期并存,

互相对抗;世界人民争取独立.民主.和平与发展的历史。人类社会在这近百年间取得的最主

要成就之一就是社会主义制度的确立,本节课我们就学习第一课有关俄国十月革命的胜利和

向社会主义过渡的内容。 2.讲授新课:

一.“二月革命” 1.革命前的形势

沙皇俄国参加了第一次世界大战,战争接连失利,国内经济濒于崩溃,激起全国各地不

断爆发革命运动,人民反战争.反饥饿.反专制的革命潮流冲击着沙皇专制统治,革命时机成

熟。而且俄国无产阶级有了自己比较成熟的政党——布尔什维克党,而且以列宁为首的布尔

什维克党能够根据具体情况制定正确的革命策略。 2.二月革命

1917年3月俄国爆发了二月资产阶级民主革命,推翻了沙皇统治,骑在俄国人民头上作

威作福300多年的罗曼诺夫王朝覆灭了。 3.二月革命后的形势

(学生回答)二月革命后,在俄国形成了两个政权并存的特殊局面。一个是彼得格勒工

兵代表苏维埃,一个是资产阶级临时政府,而资产阶级临时政府在当时是主要政权。两个政

权并存局面只是一个过渡现象,不可能长期维持。到底由谁来掌权?是让资产阶级掌权,还

是建立无产阶级专政?这是革命与反革命斗争的焦点,是关系到把革命进行到底,还是半途

而废的严肃问题。 4.《四月提纲》的制定

针对两个政权并存的复杂情况,列宁向布尔什维克党提出了什么样的任务呢?1917年4 月,列宁在布尔什维克会议上作了一份报告,这份报告后来被称为《四月提纲》。报告指出,俄国革命的第一阶段由于无产阶级的觉悟和组织程度不高,政权落到了资产阶级的手中,第

二阶段应当使政权转到无产阶级和贫苦农民手中。提出“全部政权归苏维埃”的口号。由此

确立了社会主义革命的目标,为俄国革命指明了方向。 二.“阿芙乐尔号”的炮声----------十月革命的胜利 1. 十月革命的经过

十月革命是怎样取得胜利的?(学生回答)1917年11月7日,布尔什维克党领导了彼

得格勒的武装起义,占领了战略要点,攻克了冬宫,推翻了资产阶级的临时政府,成立了以

列宁为首的世界第一个苏维埃政府-------人民委员会。世界上第一个社会主义国家诞生。 2.十月革命胜利的历史意义

十月革命对俄国历史.世界历史进程.人类历史产生了哪些重大影响?(学生回答)①对

俄国历史的影响:它是俄国历史上最深刻的一次社会革命,建立了世界上第一个无产阶级领

导的.以工农联盟为基础的社会主义国家,为把俄国改造成为社会主义工业强国和实现国家现

代化创造了重要前提。②对世界历史进程的影响:打破了资本主义一统天下的局面,宣告一

种新的社会制度由理想变为现实;为人类的解放事业指出了光明的道路。③对人类历史的影

响:它开辟了人类历史的新纪元,是世界现代史的开端。它从根本上消灭了人剥削人的制度,

消灭了剥削阶级。

三.“退一步.进两步”--------向社会主义过渡

苏维埃政府成立后,为巩固新政权,在政治.经济.军事.外交上采取了多项措施:初步建

立新生的苏维埃国家制度;改变生产资料所有制,建立社会主义经济基础;苏维埃政权接管

银行.铁路,将大企业收归国有;没收地主土地,分配给农民耕种;退出帝国主义战争;组建

红军,粉碎国内外敌人对苏维埃政权的进攻。

无产阶级革命胜利后,如何向社会主义过渡,是十月革命后提出的新课题。以列宁为首

的布尔什维克党对这个问题的探索,在认识上经历了曲折的过程。从1918年春到1920年底,

在国内战争的条件下,实行战时共产主义政策,企图在一个落后的.小生产者占优势的俄国,直接向社会主义过渡。实践证明,这一设想是行不通的。

1921年实施新经济政策,采取逐步过渡到社会主义的政策。实践的效果比较好。 1.战时共产主义政策

什么是战时共产主义政策?为什么要实行战时共产主义政策?战时共产主义政策的主要

内容有哪些?如何评价?(学生依据小字注解讨论.回答)

战时共产主义政策也叫军事共产主义政策,它是苏维埃政府在战争条件下,为了集中有

限的人力.物力,战胜敌人的一些临时性政策。当时,国内外敌人勾结起来进攻苏维埃政权,面临严峻的内忧外患形势,迫使苏维埃政权采取果断措施,将全国转入战争轨道。

主要内容包括农业方面实行余粮收集制。农民必须按国家规定的数量交售粮食以及其他

产品。其目的是保证对军队和工人的供应。农民交出的产品几乎是无偿的,这损害了农民的

利益。工业方面把大中企业全部收归国有,对小企业实行监督。 在交换和流通方面:取消一

切商品贸易;一切生活必需品均由国家集中分配。 战时共产主义政策,使苏维埃政府能够在残酷的战争条件下,最大限度地集中全国的财

力.物力,保障了军事胜利。但战时共产主义政策中的许多措施超出了战时需要的限度,而且

随着国内战争的结束,这些非常措施不仅没有收缩,反而进一步加强,结果造成社会的不稳

定和生产的下降,1921年春,苏俄发生了严重的经济政治危机。 2.新经济政策

为什么要实行新经济政策?新经济政策的主要内容是什么?如何评价?新经济政策“新”

在何处?(学生回答)

(1)实行的原因:为了解决国内的经济困难和政治危机。

(2)主要内容:农业方面推行粮食税,纳税后剩下的粮食,归农民自己支配;工业方面:

涉及国家经济命脉的重要厂矿企业仍归国有,由国家经营,中小企业和国家暂时无力兴办的

企业,允许本国和外国的资本家经营;恢复私人小企业。流通方面:允许自由贸易。实行按

劳分配的分配原则。

(3)新经济政策与战时共产主义政策的比较:战时共产主义政策是在生活中排斥商品货

币关系,用军事和行政的手段控制社会的运转,进而直接进入社会主义;新经济政策是通过

在一定限度内发展资本主义,利用市场和商品货币关系来扩大生产,改善和巩固工农联盟,

逐步过渡到社会主义。这也是新经济政策“新”之处。

(4)评价:新经济政策的实施使1921年春天的危机迅速消失,生产逐步恢复,巩固了

工农联盟,使苏维埃政权日益巩固。新经济政策的实施表明列宁找到了一条小农占优势的落

后的俄国向社会主义过渡的正确途径。实践表明,新经济政策可以作为在商品生产和市场经

济不发达,经济发展水平相对落后的国家,在社会主义初级阶段的一个相当长的过渡时期内

行之有效的经济发展战略。这是对马克思主义理论的重大发展。 3.本课小结:

以列宁为首的布尔什维克党根据俄国的具体国情,创造性地运用了马克思主义理论,制

定了正确的革命方针.路线,取得了十月社会主义革命的伟大胜利,建立了世界上第一个社会

主义国家,打破了资本主义一统天下的历史,使人类进入探索社会主义发展道路的新时期。

十月革命标志着世界现代史的开端。

胜利后的俄国苏维埃政权采取了一系列措施巩固了无产阶级专政。在小农占优势的俄国

如何向社会主义过渡的问题上,以列宁为首的布尔什维克党又进行了

积极的探索,丰富和发展了马克思主义理论,为国际共产主义运动提供了可贵的经验教

训。

4.巩固练习5.课后作业:

书后材料阅读及自我测评 ★板书设计:

★教学反思:

第2课 《苏联的崛起》教学案例设计

★教学目标:

知识与能力:苏联社会主义工业化方针和农业集体化方针的确定和实施;五年计划的实

施;苏联社会主义建设存在的严重问题;斯大林的经济政治体制;1936年苏联宪法;斯大林

个人崇拜的盛行;

过程与方法:分析苏联社会主义建设的成就与失误,培养学生运用共性与个性.原因与结

果.发展与联系等辩证唯物主义观点认识历史现象。分析和评价高度集中的经济政治体制,培

养学生运用辩证关系原理,阐释历史事件.历史现象的能力;引导学生正确认识个人在历史中

的作用。

情感态度与价值观:苏联社会主义建设在短期内取得的巨大成就,有力地说明了社会主

义制度的优越性。在探索社会主义发展道路的实践中,苏联实行高度集中的经济体制。这不

仅对苏联历史的发展产生了深远影响,而且影响了国际共产主义运动的发展。

★教学重点.难点:

苏联的工业化和农业集体化。对高度集中的经济政治体制的评价。

★教学设备:

多媒体投影:社会主义建设时期的斯大林;与苏联的社会主义建设有关的图等。

★教学时间:一课时

★教学过程: 1.复习提问: 2.导入新课:

1917年俄国十月革命的胜利,标志着人类历史进入社会主义发展道路的新时期。请同学

们回答下面两个问题:俄国十月革命对世界历史有什么影响?苏俄向社会主义过渡的主要途

径是什么?(学生回答后,教师概括归纳)新经济政策实施后,到1925年国民经济恢复基本

完成,但苏联仍然是一个只能输出农产品.输入机器装备的落后农业国,面临着十分艰巨的社

会主义建设的任务。应该怎样建设社会主义呢?20世纪二三十年代,苏联开始了建设社会主

义新社会的试验。这节课我们就来学习第2课苏联的崛起。 3.讲授新课

一.理想与成就

1.苏联的社会主义工业化

苏联的社会主义建设包括工业化和农业集体化两大方面,步骤是“先工业化,后集体化”。

同学们阅读第8页黑体字,分析工业化建设的主要方针是什么?(把苏联从农业国变为工业

国,由输入机器和设备的国家变成生产机器和设备的国家。)苏联工业化建设的重点是优先发 展重工业。请同学们依据黑体字中斯大林的讲话内容思考:苏联在工业化建设中为什么要优

先发展重工业?在苏联的社会主义工业化进程中,实施了有计划的经济建设,即采取了制订

“五年计划”的做法。从1928年开始实行第一个五年计划。每一个五年计划有具体明确的任

务。

请同学们读图,结合教材回答问题:苏联的社会主义工业化建设取得了哪些成就?

(学生回答后,教师归纳概括)到苏德战争爆发前,苏联建成了6000多家大企业,建立

起飞机.汽车.拖拉机.化学.重型和轻型机器制造业等部门。工业布局有了很大变化。苏联形

成了比较齐全的工业体系,基本上实现了以重工业为中心的国家工业化。1937年,苏联的工

业总产值跃居欧洲第一位.世界第二位。在基础很差.困难重重的条件下,苏联仅用了十多年

的时间就取得了这样的成就,是任何资本主义国家从未有过的。所以,制订五年计划的做法,

也被后来的社会主义国家所沿用。 2.苏联的农业集体化

以落后的个体小农经济为基础的农业,不能适应工业的迅速发展。因此1929年在苏联全

国范围内,开展了大规模的农业集体化运动。农业集体化的基本形式是组织享有土地使用权

和主要生产资料公有的集体农庄。农业集体化运动使农业机械化的程度提高,苏联的国防力

量和综合国力大大增强,城市居民的粮食供应和工业原材料的供应得到了一定保障,人民生

活普遍改善。集体农业还为工业发展提供了相当数量的资金和劳动力,为社会主义工业化的

实现创造了条件。农业集体化是工业化的继续,是苏联社会主义建设事业的重要组成部分。

二.斯大林模式-------高度集中的经济政治体制的形成 1.1936年苏联宪法

苏联的国家工业化和农业集体化,使苏联社会主义制度基本确立起来。苏联社会主义制

度确立的标志是什么?(学生答:1936年苏联新宪法的制定)为什么说1936年苏联新宪法

的制定,标志着第一个社会主义国家的建成?1936年,第八次苏维埃代表大会通过的苏联新

宪法规定,国家性质是工农社会主义国家;经济基础是生产资料社会主义所有制;政治基础

是各级劳动者代表苏维埃。苏联新宪法所赋予的这些新内容表明:世界上第一个社会主义国

家已经建成。同时,也标志着斯大林创建的经济政治体制的形成。 2.斯大林的经济政治体制

斯大林创建的经济政治体制又称为“斯大林模式”,它深刻地影响着苏联的历史和命运, 也对国际共产主义运动的发展产生了深刻的影响。那么,什么是苏联高度集中的经济政治体

制?我们应当怎样来评价它?它给我们什么启示?请同学们讨论。(讨论过程中,允许同学们

各抒己见,畅所欲言。要点如下。)苏联经济政治体制的突出特点是四个字:高度集中。表现

在以下两个方面:它在经济方面的特点,是一个以国家为核心的.高度集中的计划经济体制。用行政命令甚至强制手段管理经济,把一切经济活动置于指令性计划之下。经济成分单一化。

重工轻农.重重工业.轻轻工业,是一种准军事制的国民经济体系。它在政治方面的特点是,

权力高度集中于中央,集中于党中央的最高领导机构。党政不分,党领导甚至包办了一切,

民主法制被忽视,干部对上级负责,领导终身任职,基本不受群众监督。权力越来越集中于

个人手里,最后形成个人高度集权的体制和制度。

这一建设模式是在苏联外有帝国主义包围,内部文化落后的特殊条件下形成的。它基本

适应了苏联当时的生产力水平,在苏联二三十年代的经济建设中发挥了巨大的作用,取得了

巨大的成就,斯大林以此把苏联建成强大的社会主义国家。苏联国力的迅速增强,为有效抵

御帝国主义的侵略起过积极作用。可以说,如果没有强大的工业.强大的国防为基础,二战期

间苏联要打退法西斯的侵略.取得反法西斯战争的胜利是不敢想象的。

但斯大林模式的主要弊端,是违背了生产关系一定要适应生产力发展的客观规律。没有

根据不断发展的生产力水平适时调整生产关系,也不适应世界经济发展的不断变化的趋势,

不按经济规律办事,长期僵化地执行计划指令,样样管,统统包,压抑了地方和企业的积极

性,越来越严重地阻碍了苏联经济的发展和生产力的提高。这是造成后来苏联解体和东欧剧

变的重要原因之一。

中国在探索社会主义发展道路的实践中,直到改革开放前,也一直实行计划经济的运行

机制,这也不无打上了斯大林模式的烙印。改革开放的伟大实践,就是通过生产关系的调整

促进生产力的发展,探索有中国特色的社会主义建设道路。这是斯大林模式给我们的深刻启

示。

斯大林模式对党的政治生活还发生了什么影响?(学生答:导致了对斯大林个人崇拜的

盛行。)

3.对斯大林个人崇拜的盛行

到30年代,对斯大林的个人崇拜已达到相当严重的程度。其危害是严重破坏了党的民主

与法制的建设,斯大林的一些错误得不到纠正,对社会发展造成很大的消极影响。1935年- 1938年间的肃反运动是其突出的表现。

第13篇:九年级下册英语的教学计划

本学期是整个九年制义务教育的最后一个学期,学生即将面临着中考考验。这是一次真正意义上的选拔考试。迎接好这次中考就成为本学期教学的一个重要工作。因此,在教学中应该帮助学生理解、吸收、吃透教材,对教材中的知识进行内化,即进行综合、应用、创新和中考思维的升华,把书本知识变成学生自己的知识。要有一定的时间作强化训练,通过训练,锁定差距,然后提出弥补差距的可操作性对策措施,千方百计缩小差距,改变尖子生少、中间断层、底子大的现状。对学生分批分层地辅导和督促,让他们实现最佳的成长理想,实现取得好成绩的愿望。

一、指导思想

深入贯彻教育教学此文转自理念。认真总结教学经验,努力把学生的英语基本功打扎实,同时还得加强对阅读能力和综合应用能力的培养和指导,使学生在这方面的能力有所提高,力争在今年的中考取得一个理想的成绩。

二、情况分析

1、学生情况分析

九年级一班本学期46人,二班本学期56人,上学期英语最高分138,最低分25。从上学期成绩来看尖子生少、中间断层、底子大,参差不齐,给上课带来很大的难度,平均分不及过差线。大部分学生基础差,想学的少,在里面混日子的有很的大一部分,男生居多。他们的学习情绪不稳定,也不能坚持不懈,少数几个中间生平时基本能够配合老师的教学,但自觉性和定性不足,有些默不出声,精神不振,课后很少复习功课,上课不注意听讲,问题出来了不动脑筋想,而是急于去想课本上找答案,半天说不出个所以然来,学习方法不灵活,需要老师的督促才会有所作为;也有个别学生属于不思进取型,积极性和主动性极差,他们或偏科甚至对英语学习毫无兴趣。

2、教材分析

本学年英语教学内容为一册,共15个单元,从上学期结束已经上完12个单元,剩余3个单元计划在4周内完成教学任务。具体教学内容包括:

词汇:识记、理解、掌握书中的所有单词,熟练应用重点单词和短语,复习初中前四册中的所有单词。

语法:掌握8种时态,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时和过去将来时。了解部分构词法,掌握英语的基本句子结构:五种简单句,并列句,复合句(状语从句及定语从句)。

阅读:主要训练学生根据问题找细节的能力。然后根据不同同学的水平,再分层次阅读文章。在阅读过程中针对长句子(复合句及含有多个从句的复合句)要教给学生分析句子结构的能力。

写作:书面表达是中考中失分最大的题目,所以对于大多数同学,先落实平时训练,要求学生注意主、谓、宾的基本结构及时态。并多做一些连字成句、连句成篇的训练。培养学生好的书写习惯,如大小写,标点等。

三、教学进度安排

第一周到第四周完九年级全部教学内容;第五周到第八周进行具体、专项复习如名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容词副词、动词、句子结构、复合句、交际用语、写作。第九周到第十二周讲解会考指导,第十三周到十六周检测并讲解模拟试题,做到精讲多练,针对常考易错的再总结复习。最后做好考前动员。在复习中注重对学生难点进行突破,巩固重点,强化基础,迎接六月中旬的中考。

四、教学措施

根据学生的情况和班上的实际,本学期采用以下措施:

(1)首先要从思想上扭转学生以往的不良学习习惯和态度,培养学生自觉的学习习惯,动脑的优良习惯,课堂上精讲多练。即将面临的是中考,学生的态度变化多变极不稳定,要动员好学生做好思想工作。

(2)根据学生各人的具体情况,要求各自提出明确的学习目标,具体的分数,每次考试后都要进行分析并制定下一次的目标只准前进不许后退,建立错题库自我评价。并督促为实现目标切实地刻苦学习.

(3)每堂课一定注意当堂的学习效果,突出重点难点.务必要求学生掌握必须掌握的基本的东西.注意检查学生做笔记的情况。每天都要布置作业不然有的学生比较懒散。对英语而言记忆背诵是很重要的,应采取各种不同的方法和手段每天跟踪复习,随意抽查。

(4)教学过程应突出学生的主动性,指导学生主动地获取知识,科学地训练技能,全面提高综合应用能力。要提倡灵活多样的教学方式,鼓励运用探究性、启发式和讨论式的学习方式。要避免繁琐的语法分析和琐碎机械的练习。

(5)重视创设英语学习的环境,沟通课本内外、课堂内外、学校内外的联系,拓宽学习渠道,增加学生应用的机会。作文教学与阅读教学相结合,在写作中学阅读,阅读中学写作。

(6)利用课外时间进行培优补差、抓两头,促中间。把学生分成两类,中上学生提高括充知识点,中后学生有一定潜力的,提高和发展的空间较大,以抓好基础知识为重。缩小两极差异兼顾整体共同进步。

(7)要想学好英语就要用英语.学生大部分不好意思开口说话.这给口语交际教学带来了严重的障碍,淡化了语言的交际性.好多学生不愿去说.为了克服这个问题,先带好几个积极的同学,鼓励他们带动大家的积极性.以部分带动整体。

第14篇:九年级下册英语配套练习

九年级下册英语配套练习

本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至8页,第Ⅱ卷9至10页。考试时间100分钟,满分100分。 第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共79分) 注意事项:

1.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将姓名、准考证号、考试科目按要求填涂在答题卡上。2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑,不能将答案答在试卷上。 3.考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分20分) 第一节

(本题共5小题。每小题1分,计5分) 听下面五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选出最佳选项,并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。每段对话读两遍。 1.Where is Alice’s pen pal from?

2.What was Helen doing when the accident happened?

3.When will the man have his birthday party?

4.What is the man going to buy f or his father?

5.What’s the weather like now?

第二节

(本题共15小题。每小题1分,计15分)[

听下面5段对话或短文,每段对话或短文后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并将 答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。每段对话或短文读三遍。 听第6段材料,回答6-7题。 6.Where does the woman want to go? A.A park.

B.A bank.

C.A hotel.7.How will the woman go there? A.On foot.

B.By bus.

C.By bike.听第7段材料,回答8-10题。

8.Where is Kate going for her summer vacation? A.Beijing.

B.Taiwan.

C.Sichuan. 9.Who will Kate go with? A.Her clamates.

B.Her friends.

C.Her family.10.How long will they stay there ? A.Two weeks

B.Two months

C.Two days 听第8段材料,回答11-13题。

11.What does Ann think of being a doctor? A.Easy.

B.Difficult.

C.Interesting.12.What does Ann want to be? A.A nurse.

B.A doctor.

C.A reporter.13.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Bob’s father is a western medicine doctor.B.Li Shizhen is Ann’s favorite famous person.

C.Bob must learn a lot about herbs if he wants to be a Chinese medicine doctor.听第9段材料,回答14-16题。

14.Why hasn’t Amy done her math homework yet? A..Because she wants to do it with Tom.B..Because it’s too difficult for her.C..Because she wants to watch TV first.15.Tom is not good at English, is he? A..Yes, he is.

B.No, he isn’t

C.Yes, he isn’t.16.When are they going to meet in order to do homework? A.At 5:30.

B.At 6:30.

C.At 5:00.听第10段材料,回答17-20题。

17.The elephants can’t

if you are not very close to them.

A.hear you clearly

B.see you clearly

C smell you clearly 18.African elephants have

than Indian elephants. A.smaller ears and shorter teeth

B.bigger ears and longer teeth C.smaller eyes and shorter teeth 19.The elephants are easily caught in

.

A.India

B.Africa

C.India and Africa 20.The elephants in India can

. A.work for people

B.learn to know a man’s voice

C.A and B

第二部分

基础知识运用(共两节,满分25分)

第一节 单项选择(共10小题。每小题1分,计10分)

从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。21.—What

cold weather!

—Yes.But it’s

unusual experience for us, we normally live in a hot place.A./; a

B.a; an

C./ ; an

D.a; the 22.—We can see the sign

in the public places.What does it mean? —It means________.

A.NO PHOTOS

B.NO FISHING

C.NO PARKING

D.NO SMOKING 23.—Do you enjoy My heart will go on? —No, I prefer songs

loud.A.that is

B.which is

C.that are

D.what are 24.—I like drinking wine.But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.—If I

you, I would give up

wine.A.were; drinking

B.am; drinking C.were; drink

D.was;to drink 25.— Is there

in today’s magazine?

—Yes.Premier Wen Jiabao saw

“stay-home children”

May,25th.A.anything special; hundreds of; on

B.something special; hundred of; at

C.special anything; hundreds; on

D.anything special; hundreds of; in 26.—That actor often joins in dfferent activities in Beijing.Do you know

?

—For 5 years.A.how soon he will come back

B.how long he has stayed there C.how long has he stayed there

C.how often does he go there 27.—Peter has changed a lot, hasn’t he?

—Yes.He used to

the guitar,but now he is more

in playing soccer.A.plays; interested

B.play; interested

C.play; interesting

D.playing; interest 28.—I have never been to Hawaii.What about Mike? —

.A.So has he

B.So he does

C.N either he has

D.Neither has he 29.— John, you

go out to play until your homework

.

—OK, Mum.A.must; finishes

B.can’t; is finished

C.can’t; has finished

D.needn’t; finishes 30.—Would you please help me with my writing skills? —

________.You can come to my office every Saturday.A.That’s all right

B.Not at all

C.No problem

D.No,thanks

第二节

完形填空(共15小题。每小题1分,计15分)

先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。

(A) Panda Expre is a fast food restaurant chain(连锁店)in the United States.It sells Chinese food. When you go to 31

malls, supermarkets, airports, train stations, parks, stadiums, college campuses and 32

other places, you can see Panda Expre.It is

33 chain of Chinese fast food restaurants in the United States.Panda Expre 34 in 1983 by Andrew Cherng, Peggy Cherng and Ming Tsai Cherng.They were from Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.Now Panda Expre has 1,321 restaurants in 38 states and Puerto Rico,and the top-selling food of Panda Expre 35 Orange Chicken and Beijing Beef.31.A.shop

B.shopping

C.shops

D.shoping 32.A.many

B.a lot

C.much

D.lots 33.A.large

B.larger

C.the largest

D.largest 34.A.was opened

B.opened

C.is opened

D.opens 35.A.are

B.will be

C.was

D.is (B)

Chairman Mao once said,“It is not hard to do one good deed.It is hard to do good deeds all your life.” Guo Mingyi, a 52-year-old worker in Anshan, Liaoning did just that.Over the past 20 years, Guo 36 60,000 mL of blood(血).That is the blood of 10 people put together.Once,

37

the cold winter of 2009,Guo got a call from the hospital.The doctors told him 38 a patient needed a blood donation.Guo didn’t have time to have lunch.He traveled in the snow to

39 the hospital.When he finished donating the blood, he was 40 tired that he fell asleep on the hospital bed.Guo and his family live a 41 life.They live in a house of only 40 square meters. 42 they don’t have a lot of money, Guo saves money to support poor children.In the past 16 years, he has given away over 100,000yuan to more than 180 poor students.When the parents met him, many cried,“He looks 43 than us.”they said.

Guo has also offered help to thousands of workers, friends and strangers.His warm heart has moved many people.They 44 him a “Modern-Day Lei Feng”.

Recently, Chinese leaders called on people to learn from Guo.They say young people especially should learn his selfle devotion (奉献).But Guo said he did these things in order not to get famous.“It’s just that some people need some help, and there should be someone standing out to give 45 a hand.” he said.

36.A.had donated

B.has donated

C.have donated

D.donates 37.A.in

B.on

C.at

D.above 38.A.which

B.that

C.what

D.who 39.A.arrive

B.reach at

C.get to

D.get 40.A.such

B .very

C.too

D.so 41.A.simple

B.unhappy

C.rich

D.happily 42.A.So

B.And

C.Because

D.Though 43.A.richer

B.poorer

C.better

D.kinder 44.A.say

B.shout

C.call

D.speak 45.A.them

B.him

C.her

D.their

第三部分

阅读理解(共15小题。每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 (A)

Steven Jobs, the CEO of Apple, was not a good student when he was in school.At that time, he always got into trouble with his schoolmates.When he went to college, he didn’t change a lot.Then he dropped out(退学).But he was full of new ideas. After that, Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer in a company.He worked there only for a few months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and a new chance to change his life.Steven Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to make a new type of computer.He designed the first Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.He chose the name“Apple”just because it reminded him of a happy summer he once spent in an apple orchard.His first Apple Computer was a great succe.Because of this, Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.46.Steven Jobs always got into trouble with

in school.A.his schoolmates

B.his parents

C.his teachers

D.his brothers 47.Steven Jobs designed the first Apple Computer with his friend

.A.in his school

B.in his company

C.in his garage

D.at home 48.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Steven Jobs didn’t finish his college.

B.Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer in a company for a few months.C.Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world because of his first Apple Computer.D.Steven Jobs chose the name“Apple”just because he liked eating apples.(B)

If you usually take the school bus or sometimes need to take public buses to school, there are some important rules you should know.•When you are waiting for the bus, you should wait at the bus stop, and stand well back.•When you get off the bus, make sure you and the driver can see each other, and wait for the driver to signal you before you cro the road in front of the bus.•Never go back for anything you may leave on the bus when it is starting.•Never bend down near the bus when you walk to or from the bus stop.•You should cro the street at a crowalk or a street corner, and wait for the light to turn green or for the WALK croing signal.•It is important to look carefully to the left, the right and the left again when you cro the street.•Remember that it is dangerous to stay in the areas around buses where the driver can’t see you.Don’t run between parked cars or buses.

•Do not run acro the street or through parking areas to catch up with your friends.49.When you are waiting for the bus, you should wait

.A.at the bus stop

B.on the street

C.at a crowalk D.a street corner 50.It is important to

when you cro the street. A.run quickly

B.wait for the light to turn green C.look carefully to the left

D.look carefully to the right 51.If you walk to or from the bus stop, you mustn’t

.A.bend down on the bus B.cro the street at a crowalk or a street corner C.bend down near the bus D.look carefully to the left, the right and the left again 52.This paage is mainly about

.A.safety rules for students by bus B.safety rules for drivers C.safety rules for children by train D.how to cro the street C Mom and Dad are two of the most important people in your life.Over your lifetime, they may influence you more than anyone else you will meet.So if your mom loves to read, you just might grow up carrying a book wherever you go, just as she does.But parents do a lot more than just pa on their hobbies.Moms and Dads need to care for their kids the minute their kids are born.Most parents will do this as long as they live.Here are some ways you can stay close, get along well, and build a strong relationship( 关系)with your parents.

Spend time together.Instead of playing computer games or watching TV, ask your mom and dad to play with you.Go outside together, or do some reading.Be kind.Little things might mean a lot to your mom or dad.You can brighten a parent’s day with a hug(拥抱), a card , or a joke.It’s also lovely when a kid cleans up his or her room without being asked.And if you try not to fight with your brothers or sisters, your parents will be so happy! Do your best at whatever you do.You don’t have to be perfect, but when you do your best, you make your parents proud.It makes them happy to see how you’re turning into a great kid.Why? Because it lets them know they’re doing a good job.53.Who may influence you more than anyone else you will meet according t o the paage? A.Teachers

B.Friends

C.Parents

D.Grandparents 54.Which of the following can’t help you build a strong relationship with your parents? A.Spending time together

B.Being kind.

C.Doing your best at whatever you do.

D.playing computer games or watching TV 55.Your parents will be unhappy if you

.A.clean up his or her room without being asked B.fight with your brothers or sisters C.try your best to do something D.give them a hug 56.What does the underlined part in the paage mean? It means

.

A.they make you become a good kidwww.xkb 1.c om B.they work hard C.they are perfect D.they do well in their office work (D) What’s the most important thing for you to have in your life? Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.If you arrange(排列) the 26 English letters in order and use numbers to represent each of them, f or example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c„26 for z, you can change an English word into a number.So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark.Knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, love:12+15+22+5=54, and luck: 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark.None of these words can give one a full mark.What about money? It can’t , either.Then what else? Don’t be worried.You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude.Yes, attitude is the word.See for yourself: attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100,a full mark.Different attitudes lead to different courses of life.Most time people hope for a better life.It is poible that they will have a better life if they chang their attitudes.When you change your manner and became friendly towards others, you’ll meet more smiling faces towards you.In the same way, if you take a positive attitude towards failure, you’ll find it’s also rewarding(有益的)though it has caused you loes(损失).57.The writer thinks _________ is the most important thing in a person’s life.

A.hard-work.

B.know ledge

C.money

D.attitude 58.What is the mark of the word money according to the paage?

A.73

B.72

C.75

D.62

59.According to the paage, if you meet with problems, the best way is to ___________.

A.ask for help from others

B.hope to be lucky

C.change your attitude

D.try math-solving ways 60.From the paage we can learn that ______________.

A.diffrent attitudes come from different courses of life B.sometimes failure can bring you good if you take a positive attitude

C.math can solve every problem easily in our daily life

D.none of the English words except “attitude” is 100 or more 第四部分

口语应用(共4小题。每小题1分,满分4分) 从对话后的方框中选择适当的选项补全对话。 A:

61

B: I’m not feeling well.

A: You’ve been like this since you got here, haven’t you? B:

62

A: Do you know why? B:

63

It’s awful.One day it’s hot, but the next day it’s rainy.No matter what I wear, I’m never dreed properly.

A: You haven’t learned to predict the weather here.I’ve been here for eight years, and I never get sick .B:

64

A: Well, there’s a weather hotline.Every morning you can call it to find out what the weather will be like during the day.B: I know that hotline, but I’ve never called it.I’ve heard it’s expensive.

A.What’s the matter?

B: What should I do then? C: Yes, for about four weeks.D: The weather in this city changes so often.

达州市2012年高中阶段教育学校招生统一考试 英 语

注意事项:

1.用蓝黑色钢笔或圆珠笔直接将答案写在试卷上。2.答卷前将密封线内各项目填写清楚。

题号 第一节 第二节 第三节

总分

总分人

任务型阅读 短文填空 书面表达

得分

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题, 共21分)

第五部分

写(共三节,满分21分) 得分 评卷人

第一节

任务型阅读(共5小题。每小题1分,计5分)

根据短文后所给的任务,完成65-69小题.Now the idea of “car sharing” has become popular in Europe and the United States.That’s to say, people share(分享) one car, not each person has one .(65)As we know, most cars are parked in garages for much time.In fact, we drive our own cars as long as one or two hours a day on average.When we don’t use them, We have to pay for parking and other things.(66)We spend too much money on that.If we share a ca r, we’ll only pay when we use it.(67)Because some people want to save money, they come up with the idea of “car sharing”.Now many people are starting to do car sharing.In Switzerland, almost 40,000 people have joined it.Japan is also trying to make “car sharing” popular around the country.(68)car, is, of, new, sharing, transportation, beginning, a, idea, the, in .(69)This is also very easy for us to travel here and there without buying cars.Do you love to share a car with others? 任务1:请将(65)处的句子翻译成汉语。

65.

任务2:在下面的空白处填上一个适当的单词,使句意与(66)处相同。 66.That

us too much money.任务3:对(67)处的划线部分提问。

67.

? 任务4:请将(68)处的单词组合成一个完整的句子。

68.

任务5:(69)处有一处错误,请找出错误并改在下面的横线上。(可用文字叙述) 69.

得分 评卷人

第二节 短文填空(共6小题。每小题1分,计6分)

根据短文内容和首字母的提示,把所缺单词填写在短文后面的横线上。

Robot s 70

are not just trying to make robots look like people.For example, there are already robots w 71

in factories.These robots look more like huge arms.They do simple jobs over and over again.People would not like to do such jobs and would get bored.But robots will never get bored.In the future, there will be more robots e 72

, and humans will have l73

work to do.New robots will have many different shapes.Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes.After an earthquake, a snake robot could help look for people under b 74

.That may not seem poible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed i

75

a hundred years ago.We never know what will happene in the future.

70.s

71.w

72.e

73.l

74.b

75.i

得分 评卷人

第三节 书面表达(满分10分)

76.目前中学生学习任务重,压力大。而丰富多彩的业余生活,有利于开拓视野,调节身心,提高学习效率。请结合下面的提示词,以My Spare Time为题写一篇80词左右的短文,谈谈你的业余生活。看书、看电视、玩电脑、做运动、参加社会活动等。你喜欢做什么?你是如何合理安排的呢?说说你的想法和理由。

提示词语:busy, play, healthy, knowledge, houswork, relax,volunteer, colorful 要求:

1.短文内容应包括以上提示的内容,可适当发挥。

2.书写工整,句式规范,条理清楚。有表达自己观点的句子。 3.不得出现真实的姓名和地名。

My Spare Time

第15篇:九年级英语下册UNIT6 TOPIC3 SECTION B 教案

教学内容:

我们教育学生要珍惜同学之间真挚诚恳的友谊的同时,引导学生用三年所学的知识,用英语说出一段在毕业典礼上的演讲,同时学会表达\"再见\",\"总结\",\"感恩\",\"抱歉\"等表达方法。 学情分析: 设计思想:

本人根据《新课程标准》的要求,结合本课时的功能和学生的实际认知水平,制定了以下三维目标:

1.认知目标:引导学生通过合作学习掌握描述人物个人的兴趣爱好。 grammar: apologies 2. 能力目标:复习现在进行时的用法,培养对所学英语知识及时进行总结的能力以及在大场面用英语演讲的能力。

3. 情感目标:珍惜今天的美好生活,憧憬美丽灿烂的未来,学会总结,学会感恩,珍惜纯真的友谊。 重点和难点: 教学过程:

全体学生根据部分学生的回答进行一对一的对话,教师请部分学生起来表演对话。

2,教师的开场白,学生认真听,记住教师板书的重点单词及短语,翻译成中文,造句以及扩展词义,为呈现课文内容做好准备。 设计意图:

2.根据自己的实际水平将本节课所学的英文毕业典礼仿写在作文本上。

增加一些笔头练习,培养学生的语用能力,要把学生在本节课的所学落实到笔头。 step 2 presentation 学生听音,回答写在黑板上的问题。 2.把学生分成两组,分角色朗读。

3.学生完成1b的填空题,教师核对答案。 设计意图: 1.(书本合上)过渡进入课文对话部分,以黑板上的部分短语和相关问句为线索,引导学生学习。问题比较简单,学生听一遍就能找到答案,可以让一些学习成绩较差的学生回答,增加学习的机会,体验成功的快乐。 2.(翻开书本)学生分成两组,跟磁带分角色朗读,加深对课文的认识,要求尽量模仿磁带读音且有感情,不要求整齐划一。

3.有个别学生朗读1b的段落,教师将答案写在黑板上,供学生核对。 1.进入课文2a部分,让学生与课文磁带同步朗读

2.检查学生对本语段的理解,完成课文2b部分的习题,选择单词或词组的同义选项。 3.请个别学生朗读课文,注意学生的语音语调。 4.整合课文内容,回答黑板上的四个问题: 设计意图:

1.进行语音语调练习,加深对句子的理解。在听的过程中,引导学生画出文中关键词,并鼓励他们用自己的话复述2a。

2.课堂提问采用小组竞赛机制,采用按座位依次提问与随机提问相结合的方法,让每个学生处于随时可能被提问的状态,兼顾公平性和科学性。

3. 本节课定位成口语课,因此在课堂上跟读与朗读的机会较多,方法也比较多样。 4. 语段训练的效果要通过学生回答相应的问题来体现。 通过以上的训练,让学生对一篇英文的毕业典礼的演讲的构成形成初步的认识。为后面的仿写奠定基础。

2.教师让学生一起讨论得出演讲的要点,学生根据要点进行小组讨论,表达自己在这特殊的时刻的特殊心情。教师适时地参加某些小组的讨论。

3.根据在小组活动中得到的信息,教师选取几个有特点的学生上台在全班同学面前做演讲,分享他(她)们的心情。在演讲的过程中,要求其他学生随时准备复述,培养学生的听力和即时总结能力。 设计意图:

2. 课堂教学以学生的活动为主体,由学生总结演讲的结构,教师起指导作用。教师参加小组活动不能喧宾夺主,主要在于倾听学生的发言,鼓励每个学生多参与小组活动,获取成功的体验。

3.这个环节是最让人激动的部分,演讲的学生或是激动,或是紧张,或是羞涩,或是张狂,都表现出了一定的口语水平。在演讲中学生回顾了学习生活,军训活动,社区活动,歌咏比赛,运动会等令人激动的时刻,表达了感激,道歉,再见的心情,甚至表达了听课教师的热烈欢迎和美好祝愿,表达了对母校的祝福,实现了本节课所设计要达到的认知目标,能力目标和情感目标。 step 5 summary: 1. 总结学生所做的演讲。

3. 复习总结现在完成时和一般将来时的用法。 设计意图:

1. 教师趁热打铁总结英语演讲的要点。让有些激动的心情暂时回归平静,回答学习。。。 要点上。

2. 这个环节的目的有二,其一在于总结本课重点词组,其二在于帮助部分学习比较。 困难的学生利用现有的词组组成一篇适合自己实际水平的演讲稿,让不同水平的学生 都得到发展。

3. 本节课运用了学生所学的现在完成时和一般将来时的句子,因此做些简单的复习也是必要的。

让学生博采众长,根据自己的实际水平将本节课所学的英文毕业典礼仿写在作文本上。 增加一些笔头练习,培养学生的语用能力,要把学生在本节课的所学落实到笔头。 1. 将本节课所学的英文毕业典礼演讲写在作文本上。 设计意图:

布置作业将英文毕业典礼演讲写在作文本上,是口语课的延续,将口头作文落实到笔头,完成练习册相应的笔头作业,并且做好预习作业,通读课文,为上好下一节课做好准备。

教学反思:

2.课堂活动丰富多样,多数学生能积极参与,能照顾到不同层次的学生,使学生们学有所获。3.教学过程衔接自然,教师语言亲切,有亲和力。 4.课堂容量太大,练习时间不够充分。 评课记录:

方桂姬:教学中充分体现了学生为主体的,教师为主导的教学理念。课堂气氛活跃,活动形式多样,调动了学生的学习积极性。

廖xx:课堂提问采用小组竞赛机制,采用按座位依次提问与随机提问相结合的方法,让每个学生处于随时可能被提问的状态,兼顾公平性和科学性。

李远红:让学生根据自己的实际水平将本节课所学的英文毕业典礼仿写在作文本上。 增加一些笔头练习,培养学生的语用能力,要把学生在本节课的所学落实到笔头。

袁宝珠:本节课导入自然,教学各个环节紧凑,重点突出,教学效果好。但是,课堂容量太大,练习时间不够充分。

第16篇:九年级英语Unit8教案

新建中学公开课教学设计

科目:英语

课题:Unit8 It must belong to Carla.

Section A 3a-3c Teaching aims &demands: 1.Master the key words: policeman, noise, wolf, happening, uneasy 2.Be able to make references.3.Improve students’ reading and comprehensive skills.4.Cultivate students’ imagination.Teaching key and difficult points: Teaching key points: 1.Master the key words and phrase.2.Be able to make inferences using the modal verbs.Teaching difficult points: Learn to use the target language in daily life.Teaching procedures: I.Warm-up 1.Greetings.2.Learn the new words:

II.Presentation Show a picture on the PPT., and Answer the two questions: 1.What can you see in the picture? 2.What can we know about the woman ? III.Reading

1.Read the article and decide which might be the best title.A.A Small and Quiet Town B.Strange Happenings in my town C.Animals in our neighborhood

2.Have students read the article again to find the correct words to match the following meanings.Ask them to do this task individually.Later ask a student to check the answers

3.Read the article carefully and write what people think about the strange noises.a.Ss work in pairs.Let students discu the answers.b.Check the answers with the students.IV.Language points and exercises 1.Have a explanation of each paragraph.2.Key sentences and phrases.a.It used to be very quiet.

b.Something unusual is happening in our town.d.I think it was too big to be a dog.e.There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.3.Read this paage together.4.Students do some exercises.Ⅴ.Homework 1.Make new sentences using the following phrases:

too...to...; have no idea; used to;something unusual; strange noises;

feel uneasy; go away; have fun doing sth.;There must be...doing sth.2.Review the article.

第17篇:九年级英语unit12教案

教学目标

教学目标与要点

1.掌握本单元的词汇和部分短语的用法。如:so far,send up,make up,put off,etc.

2.能正确表达两地距离,根据列车里程表进行分析。

3.能熟练谈论\"购物、选择电视节目、物品的产地和用途\"等话题,掌握相关的日常用语。

4.学习构词法:n + n → n;n + ing/-en → adj;v + er/ or →n;如:fire + place = fireplace,interestprinter

5.认真学习课文\"The Universe and Manmade satellite”.Watch the video about satellite and speak out what a satellite is.

After watching, let the students discu the questions for a while.Get them to give the explanations in English.

For instance: A satellite goes round the earth.The moon is a satellite of the earth.There are many man-made satellites in the space too.Then explain that man-made is an adjective meaning made by people.“Man” in this text means “the human race”.

IV.Reading

Get the students to look at the questions below:

What do we mean when we talk about the universe?

Why can’t many stars be seen?

How far is the moon away from the earth?

Has the moon been visited by man already?

Have any man-made machines travelled farther than the moon? What are they?

What do you know about the universe?

Why do we say the world itself is becoming smaller and smaller?

Read the paage carefully and discu the answers in pairs.Finally check the answers with the whole cla.

Give the students some more background information about spaceships without people: Some spaceships have been sent to visit different planets, such as Mars, Venus and Jupiter.

Ask the students to write down the answers in the exercise books.The suggested answer to the last question is: With the help of the man-made satellites, it is easy for different countries to send and receive meages.We can also use satellites to help us make telephone calls to foreign countries.V.Practice

Play Speech Caette or video for the students to listen or watch.For the second time, let the students repeat after it, at last, the students can read the paage at the same time while playing the sounds.

Give the students some free time to practice reading aloud.Then ask some of them to read in cla.Check their reading.Explain:

so far: We have learned 2000 words so far.

With one’s help: With the teachers help, he caught up with the other students.

Knowledge: Our knowledge of the USA is not so good.

Thanks to: Thanks to Tom’s help, we finished the work on time.

VI.Do Exercise below:

The universe means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space ______ them.Many of the stars are so ______ away that we ______ see them.

The moon, our ______, travelled ______ the earth.It has been visited _____ man in spaceships.

Man-made ______ have been sent up ______ space by many countries.They go ______ the earth.They are used for helping us to learn more ______ the earth, the weather and other things.They are also used for sending and ______ meages. It makes people ______ different countries understand each other better.So people say the world itself is becoming a much ______ place.People call the small place “the global village”.

The answers: between, far, can not, satellite, round, by, satellites, into, round, about, receiving, from, smaller VII.Consolidation

Read the paage again, ask the students to find sentences what replace those in text.

1) Text —Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.Exercise —Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them.

2) Text —The moon travels round the earth.It is our satellite.Exercise —The moon, our satellite, travels round the earth.VIII.Homework

1.Fill in the blanks。

Man-made s ________ have been s ________ up into space by many countries.They can be used for sending and r ________ meages.For example, w ________ their help, China can send its TV and radio p ________ to the other side of the w ________.We can also use them to help us m ________ telephone, calls to f ________ countries.T ________ to them, the world itself is becoming a much s ________ place and people from different countries.Now u ________ each other better.

2.Let the students retell the text.

3.Make six sentences using the Present Perfect Tense.

Leon 47 Period: The Third Period Content: Leon 47 Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector.Teaching Objectives: Revise the distance and dialogues.Language Focus: the modal verbs, numbers.Teaching Procedures:

I.Showing the teaching aims II.Revision

Revise the text and ask some students to read their retellings in cla.Then practise the Present -Perfect Tense.III.Leading in

Get the students to look at the Exercise

1 ) How many kilometres by train is it from… to…?

2) How far away is…from…?

3) What about …?

Tell the students to read the model question.Let them understand this exercise, then get the students to ask and answer in pairs.Finally check the answers with the whole cla.IV.Practice

Part 2.Let the students look at the diagram, It tells us the distance between cities.Let’s look at the model first.

A: How many kilometres by train is it from Nanjing to Wuhan?

B: 1229.( One thousand two hundred and twenty nine)

A: How many kilometres is it from Kunming to Shanghai?

B: 2677.How many....?

Ask the whole cla some questions about the distance.Make sure the students can say numbers correctly.Then divide them into small groups to make up questions.At last, report their work in cla.V.Acting

Let the students read Part 3 silently.Ask them to practise in pairs.Pay attention to the modal verbs.VI.Workbook

For Exercise 1, ask and answer in pairs.

For Exercise 3.Get the students to read over the sentences and fill in the blanks.

The answers are: was ...repaired, began, make, was told, got, decided, received, found, would be repaired Exercises in cla

Change the following sentences into Paive Voice

1.Bruce writes a letter to his parents every week.

2.Lilei mended the broken kite this morning.

3.1 must buy a Christmas present for Mr Green.

4.Li Ming can\'t finish the homework on time.

5.We should water the flowers twice a day.VI.Homework

Finish off the exercises in the workbook.

Leon 48

Period: The Fourth Period Content: Leon 48 Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector.Teaching Objectives:

1.Learn how to build words.

2.Practise listening.Language Focus:

1.Word formation

2.the Paive Voice Teaching Procedures:

I.Showing the teaching aims II.Revision

Go through some pairs to act out their dialogues written in the exercise books.III.Listen

Ask the students to read through the questions of Exercise I in the workbook, ask them to gue the answers before listening.Then listen carefully, check the answers with each other.Listen again and repeat.Answers: 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C IV.Word building

Explain that in English, we can make new words by combining two words together for example:

Cla + room = claroom, home + work = homework, police + man = policeman

Let the students think of other examples they have learnt.Then look at Exercise 2 in the wordbook, read through the list.Make sure the students can understand the meaning of the words.Pay attention, in American English “woolen” and “traveler” are spelt as “woolen” and “traveled”

V.Practice

Part 2.Divide the students into two groups to practise.Point out that “Which do you think is more interesting? = Which programme (of the two) is more interesting?” And the use of shall to expre a decision in I think I shall read a book instead.Get the students to practise all the dialogues.Make up as many as they can.Then act it out in cla.VI.Acting

Let the students read proverbs Exercise 4.Make the students understand the Chinese meaning.Ask them to practise them after cla.VII.Practice

Get the students to look at the Exercise 5 in the workbook and have a discuion.

Ask: What activities do you do every day? What activities do you like most? What activities do you like least? Then ask the students to practise in pairs.VIII.Writing

Ask the students to look at the pictures, let them really understand the meaning of each picture.Collect some ideas and information.Share with the students.Then try to make up a short story and write it down.

After finishing writing, ask the students to check their partner\'s work, then ask them to hand in their writings for marking.IX.Workbook

Do Exercise 3, ask the students to find compound words.

For Exercise 6, do it with the whole cla.The answers are:

1.put up 2.put... away 3.put on 4.put...down

5.Put up 6.Put...on 7.put down Exercises in cla Rewrite the following sentences in another way.

1.I don\'t like watching TV, she doesn’t like it, either.

________ I ________ she _________ watching TV.

2.We should deal with the problem more carefully.

The problem ________ ________ ________ with more carefully _______ ________.

3.The buses were made in the factory.

They ________ the buses in the factory.

4.Talking in cla is wrong.

It _________ right _________ _________in cla.Answers: 1.Neither…nor, likes 2.should be dealed, by us 3.made 4.isn’t, to talk X.Homework

1.Prepare for the exam.

2.Finish off the exercises in the workbook.

第18篇:九年级英语unit13教案

一、说教材

(一)教材的作用和地位

"牛津英语"教材把语言结构、语言功能和主题内容有机地结合起来, 所以语言的信息输入量大, 选材广泛、主体有序、内容集中, 学习内容非常贴近学生的生活实际和思想实际。本节课的内容是:Unit 4 的综合技能训练(Integrated Skills),是将听说读写糅合在一起进行综合训练,以提高学生综合应用英语的能力。我要求学生直接借助于网络进行查阅相关资料,并在此基础上进行归纳,使学生的信息量有了大大的增加,由学生的被动的接受变成了主动的学习.(二)教学目标

1.知识目标:学会一些表示动物名称的单词,学会运用动词smell, understand, believe, remember等。能熟练运用所学句式描述、询问奇闻轶事,并对别人的描述作出反应。

2.技能目标:通过真实的语境,重点培养学生听、说及综合运用语言的能力。

3.情感目标:培养学生的参与意识、竞争意识和合作精神,激发学生对我们所处的世界的热爱和不断探索未知世界的兴趣。

二、说教法

(一)教学设计的原则

1 坚持"自主学习,合作学习"的教学原则

教师打破了以教师为中心, 单项灌输的陈旧模式, 在课堂教学中尽可能发挥学生的主动性和合作精神, 营造了良好的学习氛围, 更重要的是在频繁的交流中, 学生的语言表达能力提高了。

2 遵循英语教学的交际性原则

交际性原则是英语教学中的一个指导性原则, 教学最终的目的不仅要使学生掌握知识, 更重要的是使学生在理解的基础上, 在交际性练习中培养交际能力, 而培养这种交际能力, 就是反映在课堂教学中学生以主人翁态度, 积极、主动、大胆地参与英语课堂练习活动的主体意识上。

3 追求和谐的课堂活动

学生主体性的发挥, 要在民主,平等的氛围中体现, 更要在科学, 和谐的教学活动中进行.课堂教学不仅要处理好老师、学生、教材等关系, 还要尽可能地发挥三者各自的特长, 这就是教学的最优化。在课堂教学中, 既要有意识的让学生去感知、理解,又要让学生不断地感悟。

4 拓宽学生的视野

现代外语教学理论认为, 一定量的语言输入是语言输出的基础, 即语言的输出有赖于语言的输入。只有在大量吸收的基础上才能提高表达的技能, 也只有在吸收信息和表达自己意愿的过程中才能培养语言交际的能力。因此,教师根据教材做了很大的扩展, 要求学生尽可能用英语向同学展示你学习后的成果, 你的爱好及缘由等, 使教学更趋向真实。

(二)教学手段

1、教法:运用情景、听说、直观、游戏等方法,展开以教师为主导,以学生为主体的师生、生生多边的交互式活动。

2、学法:自主、合作学习。创设教学情景,使学生好学、会学、乐学。

3、主要以现代化电教手段--多媒体辅助教学,贯穿整个教学过程。以此期望增加直观性和趣味性,加大课堂密度,提高教学效果。

三、说教学程序 (Teaching procedures)

第一部分:听

Step 1:听前:(Pre-listening)

1.热身(warming up): 以游戏"which is miing"让学生迅速根据图片说出动物的名称,将学生的热情调动起来,并了解了本课的主题与动物用关。

2.呈现生词,为下一步听扫除障碍。

a.通过free talk, 引出生词bone, smell.b.通过英文释义,图片连线的形式呈现表示动物的4个单词,同时链接了giraffe、tortoise和camel相关的信息,扫除听的过程中的障碍。

Step 2 听中。(while-listening)

1.听整段对话,完成P66的notes。听前要求学生先阅读notes,让学生了解所缺信息,以便学生听时有重点的听。

2.对话巩固。学生获取所缺信息后,大声朗读完整的句子,并进行一分钟的快读竞赛。然后通过对话形式进行pair work, 再次进行巩固。同时,在对话中自然呈现remember, believe, words等词,并且使他们在情境中得到了操练。

3.精听。截取整段对话中的一个段落,提供给学生进行精听。听前先设疑:What's the use of camels' eyelids, do you understand?激发学生听的兴趣,培养学生通过听获得细节信息的能力。

Step 3 听后。(post-listening)

1.运用所听信息完成书上短文,并熟练朗读。

2.就短文中的细节展开讨论:

If you see ants on your dinner table,

what will you do?

How can you keep ants away?

并留以足够的时间让学生就这个开放型的问题发表自己不同的见解。

第二部分:说

Step 1 Present.运用书上的对话先设计了一个听的任务:Listen and do T or F。并且在核对答案之后通过图片巧妙生动的呈现对话中的生词weight。

Step 2 Practise.

1.开书跟读,训练语音语调。

2.运用对话中的结构:

Is there anything about...?

Yes, it says that....

That's ...

来谈论本课所出现过的amazing things.这样,既复习了本单元前一阶段的所学的奇闻趣事,又在情境中操练了上述新授句式。

Step 3 Produce.

1.由书内延伸到书外,为学生提供一些useful expreions,并引导学生借助这些习惯表达谈论自己从电视、广播、因特网上所了解到的各种各样的奇闻趣事,这样,就为学生创造了真实的交际环境,并让学生通过自主的交流,享受了合作学习的乐趣。

2.在学生小组自由交流并在全班汇报之后,让学生用信的形式描述自己了解的奇闻趣事。这时候,学生在前面的学习步骤中大量输入的基础上在进行笔头的输出,就是轻而易举、水到渠成了。

Step 4 Homework.1.完成信,并展览。

2.在"讲英语时间"与学习伙伴交流更多的奇闻趣事。通过这样的作业,旨在培养学生的竞争意识、合作精神及探索精神,为学生的终生学习打下基础。

7B Unit 4 Integrated skills

课堂教学评析要点

每一个教学环节的设计都从学生的兴趣出发,符合初中生的心理需求,贴近他们的生活,从而使他们整节课至始至终都兴趣盎然。学生和老师在整节课中都保持了学习的激情。对于学生的回答和表述,老师及时给以后续性的评价,拉近的师生间的距离,学生在获取知识技能的同时,也享受了用英语交流和被老师赏识的快乐。课堂活动丰富,通过生生互动、师生互动,学生合作、探究学习,达到了本课预定的知识、技能和情感目标。提高了学生的人文素养,培养了终身学习的能力。

本堂课采用任务型教学策略,让学生在完成任务的过程中体验、实践、参与、交流与合作,实现任务目标,主要呈现以下亮点:

注重发展学生学习策略,培养和提高学生的创新精神和语言运用能力。让学生走出课堂,从网上、报上寻找相关资料,直接接触地道语言,使他们有足够的空间和自由度,进行自主学习,促使学生个性发展。

2.利用小组讨论交流形式,使学生在活动过程中,互相学习,互相交流,培养他们团结合作精神。

3.这堂课注重学生听、说能力的培养,尤其能通过填表格回答问题形式让学生对自寻资料进行归纳,提高他们的语言理解能力。

4.教师本身教态自然大方,素养较好,整堂课结构合理,各环节目标明确,以学生为主体进行教学,体现了二期课改精神,是一堂较为成功的课。

第19篇:九年级英语UNIT10教案

九年级英语UNIT10教案

• 教学目标:

• 1.Master the key words and sentences • (1) Key words: custom, bow, ki, greet.• (2) Sentences:

In your country, what are you supposed to do when you • meet someone for the first time? • You are supposed to shake hands.• 2.Learn some customs in other countries and then show opinions about these customs.• 3.Improve students‘ listening and communicative skills.• 学情分析:The students are supposed to interesting because we’ll talk about some customs in other countries when meeting foreigners.• 教学重点,难点:

• 1.Master the key words and target language.• 2.Be able to talk about different customs.• 3.Improve students’

listening and speaking skills.• 4.How to make greetings when you meet someone for the first time.• 教学过程: I.Lead-in 师生讨论: 学生在学校应该做哪些事情?引出新句型。 如 :Is it a good idea to come to cla late? S: No.

T: That’s right.It’s not a good idea to come late.You’re not supposed to come to cla late.You’re supposed to …

eat in cla, do homework every day, raise your hand before talking等做更多的练习,引出be supposed to句型 II.Discuion 1.大屏幕展示一张世界地图,师生对话: T: Do you know where Brazil/ the United States/ Japan/Mexico/Korea is? S:…

T: Do you know what people do when they meet for the first time? S: …

2.利用多媒体播放各国初次见面的礼仪, 学习新单词:custom, bow, ki, greet, III.Work on 1a-1c 1.1a

多媒体呈现1a图片, 让学生根据图画内容, 说说图中的握手, 接吻, 鞠躬是哪个国家的礼仪, 然后按要求把书本给出的“国家”和“习俗”连接起来。老师不要给出答案。 2.Listening 1b. Listen to the recording and check your answers to activities in 1a.3.Pair work: A: What are people in Korea/… to do when they meet for the first time?

B: They are supposed to bow.How about in the United States? A: They’re supposed to shake hands.

4.教师介绍本单元的目标语言:You’re supposed to ….Ⅳ.Listening

1.Listening to 2a and 2b.What mistakes did Maria make? 2.Finish 2a and 2b. 3.Pair work Role-play a conversation between Maria and Dan. Dan: How was the dinner at Paul’s house last night?

Maria: Well, it was OK, but I made some mistakes.I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I… V.Role play Work on 2d Role play a conversation between Katie and John.Discu different customs in different countries. VI.Consolidation 完成任务: 礼仪大荟萃

让学生展示上课前通过网络或书籍等形式查找到的各国礼仪, 并分类记录, 制成表格。 VII.Language points 进一步向学生讲解本单元的目标语言: be supposed to, be expected to.1.You are supposed to shake hands.

be supposed to do… 应该……被期望做……,当句子的主语是人时,它可以用来表示劝告,建议,义务,责任等,意思是 “to be expected to do sth., or to have to do sth.”

e.g.You’re supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the claroom. 如果你要离开教室,应该先问问老师。

We are not to supposed to play football on Sunday. 不准我们在星期日踢足球。

2.That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.

greet =to welcome or say “hello” 动词 “问候,打招呼”

e.g.He greeted her by saying “good morning”.

他向她打招呼说 “早上好”。

She greeted me with a friendly smile.她向我微笑致意。 VIII.Homework Write a paage about different customs in different countries. •

第20篇:新目标英语九年级教案

Ⅰ. Teaching Aims and Demands

1. Knowledge Objects

(1) Key Vocabulary

bathing suit, water, travel, guidebook, beach towel, street map

(2)Target Language

Have you watered the plants yet?

Yes, I have already watered them.

2. Ability Objects

(1) Train students’ listening ability.

(2) Train students’ communicative competence.

3. Moral Objects

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