人人范文网 求职信

求职信及翻译(精选多篇)

发布时间:2020-04-18 22:22:46 来源:求职信 收藏本文 下载本文 手机版

推荐第1篇:英文求职信及翻译

Respect of the personnel department leadership

hello

Very honored that you can in spite of being very busy toglance through my cover letter, thank youI am a graduate of undergraduate computer science department

When will receive a bachelor degree 。

The university for four years ,Laid the solid specialized theoretical basis ,Good organization skills,Teamwork spirit

Practical work style 。

On theory study

Learn profeional knowledge seriously theory ,Reading a lot of computer books 。At the same time I for laws, literature and nonprofeional knowledge have strong interest 。During the period of school,In profeional exam gives a single often gain。

Obtain court two etc scholarship once ,College as scholarship 3 five times 。Excellent 2002 by college graduation design 。

Profeional knowledge

Proficient in Visual Basic、SQL Server、ASP。Proficient in using Linux, Windows 9x/Me/NT / 2000 / XP operating system etc 。Proficient in Office, WPS Office automation software 。Self-study HTML, Dreamweaver, Frontpage, Fireworks, Flash web production related software etc 。For commonly used software can be proficient in use 。

Hope your company can hire me 。

This salute

尊重人事部门的领导

你好

很荣幸您能在百忙之中翻阅我的求职信,谢谢你

本人毕业的本科计算机系

当将获得学士学位。

大学四年,奠定了扎实的专业理论基础,良好的组织能力和团队合作精神

务实的工作作风。

在理论研究

认真学习专业知识理论,人类的阅读大量的电脑书籍倍,同时我在法律、文学和非专业知识有强烈兴趣后段学校,在给一个单一的专业考试经常可以获得。

获得奖学金有一次,两个等法院上大学的奖学金.Excellent 3五倍于2002年大学毕业设计。 专业知识

精通Visual Basic,SQL服务器,ASP.Proficient,在使用Linux的Windows 9 x / Me / NT / 2000 / XP操作系统等在办公室工作,焊接上网办公自动化软件,.Self-study HTML,Dreamweaver Flash网站首页,烟花爆竹,因为生产相关软件等常用的软件可以熟练使用。

希望贵公司能雇用我。

该致敬

温家宝山段

推荐第2篇:翻译专业求职信

尊敬的先生/女士:

您好

感谢您百忙之中阅读这封信。在这封信里,您将不会看到不切实际自夸和华丽动人的辞藻,您只会看到一个真实的自我。

我于2010年7月正式从xxxx翻译职业学院毕业,,虽然没有一摞摞的获奖证书来作为我的筹码、丰富的社会经验为我导航,只能凭自己十几年来刻苦学习的结果和自己吃苦耐劳的本性来作为我的奠基石。

“良禽择木而栖,贤臣择文而事”,获知贵公司招贤人才,我慕名而至,希望成为贵公司的一员,尽我所能为贵公司的事业增砖加瓦。在这两年的时间里,我认真学习专业课知识,掌握了一些基本技能,在大连、盘锦等地的实习过程中积累了一些的实践经验,更有充分的自信和勇于开拓的精神,我真诚希望公司能给我一次机会,让我有一片能展示自我的空间,为贵公司的发展尽自己的绵薄之力。再次感谢您抽出宝贵的时间阅读我的 简历 ,静候您的回音,谢谢。

此致敬礼

求职人:xxxx

推荐第3篇:英语求职信带翻译

最好用的英文求职信模板(应聘会计)

来源: 西雅图工作英语 时间: 2009年12月22日

英文求职信的书写对于很多人来说都不是一件容易的事情,有些人甚至不知道这求职信里都写些什么内容,还有些人的英文不太好,所以,就干脆先用中文写一遍,然后再直接翻译成英文的求职信,西雅图工作英语的专家们认为这是不可取的做法。

如果你想应聘某公司的会计职位,那么就一定要看看下面的英文求职信,这封求职信,用词很地道,是面试官喜欢的那种类型。

英文求职信模板: june 16,2009 4th floor international building no.4 abc street new york, usa 100000 gentlemen, i have been told by mr.john washington, credit manager, the busine book publishing, new york, with whom i believe you are acquainted, that you are expecting to make some additions to your accounting staff in june. i hope that you will give me an interview at some time convenient to you.if there is further information that you wish in the meantime, please let me know.i can always be reached at the addre given at the beginning of this letter. very truly yours, jane yang 最好用的英文求职信模板(毕业生通用)

来源: 西雅图工作英语 时间: 2010年01月04日

英文求职信的书写对于很多人来说都不是一件容易的事情,尤其是毕业生们,有些人甚至不知道这求职信里都写些什么内容,还有些人的英文不太好,所以,就干脆先用中文写一遍,然后再直接翻译成英文的求职信,西雅图工作英语的专家们认为这是不可取的做法。

如果你马上要毕业了或是刚刚毕业的学生,那么就一定要看看下面的英文求职信,这封求职信,用词很地道,是面试官喜欢的那种类型。

英文求职信通用模板: dear sir/madam: my name is liu ying and i will graduate from xi’an fanyi university in the year 2010.my major is secretary in english department. it’s my great pleasure to have this opportunity to improve our mutual understanding.during the three –year college study,i tried my best to learn all kinds of knowledge,and weigh the hard work of my teachers and myself; i have mastered english listening,speaking,writing and reading skills. three-year college life that makes me rich in knowledge,and it’s also my three-year college life that makes me form my life attitude.honesty,trust,diligence is principle of how to be a man. yours faithfully,

liu ying篇2:英文求职信格式模板

英文求职信格式模板

求职信分为推荐信和自荐信两种,写求职信可按下列七个步骤进行。

下面举例说明: 假设你叫李平,你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该公司经理写一份求职信,你的个人资料如下:

1.简况:姓名,李生;年龄,23岁;身高,1.80米;健康状况,良好;业余爱好,游泳、唱歌、跳舞。

2.简历:2005年北京大学毕业后分配到南通中学工作,2007年调至苏州中学工作至今。 3.工作:工作认真负责,与人相处融洽。

4.特长:精通英语,尤其口语,已将多本中文书籍译成英语,懂一些日语、能用日语与外宾对话。

联系电话:******** 联系地址:苏州市人民路**号

第一步:介绍消息来源

介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句,它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅;而不介绍消息来源,会使收信人感到意外、突然,文章也缺乏过渡、照应,本文消息来源可作如下介绍:

dear manager, 介绍完消息来源后,应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿,即写信的目的,本文求职心愿可作如下介绍:

im interested in this job very much.id like to get this job. 第三步:介绍个人简历

某单位需要新人,求职人也有求职心愿,但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没

有干好这项工作的经历、实力,也是难以适应的。因此,介绍个人简历是必不可少的。本文个人简历可介绍如下:

now id like to introduce myself to you.my name is li ping.im 30 years old.im 180 cm tall.im healthy.i like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time.i graduated from beijing university in 1994.then,i went to work in nantong middle school.in 1996,i began to work in suzhou middle school and i have worked there until now. 第四步:摆出求职优势

仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长,也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此,求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外,还具有一定的优势和特长,这样才能稳操胜券。本文可通过如下方法摆出自己的优势: i work hard and i can get along well with others.im good at english and especially my spoken english is very good.ive translated many chinese books into english.i can understand japanese and i can talk to foreigners in japanese freely. 第五步:提出获职打算

丰富的工作经验,一定的优势和特长,只能代表过去和现在的情况,如果获职后自以为心愿已了,从此高枕无忧,马虎从事,那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。本文获职打算可作如下介绍:

if you agree with me, ill work hard and try to be a good translator. 第六步:请求答复联系

如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求,你必然要请他和你联系,以便你及时做好准备,到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见,请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。本文答复联系的内容可作如下介绍:

if you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me.i live at no.1 renmin road, suzhou city.my telephone number is 3654371. 第七步:表明感激之情

无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复,你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦,因此你应向对方表明感激之情。本文可这样来表明感激之情: thank you very much. 上述七步内容联成一个整体,再加上下面的信尾,就成为一封完整的求职信。yours truly(此致) lisheng(名字)篇3:英文求职信格式模板

英文求职信格式模板

求职信分为推荐信和自荐信两种,写求职信可按下列七个步骤进行。

下面举例说明:

假设你叫李平,你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该公司经理写一份求职信,你的个人资料如下:

1.简况:姓名,李生;年龄,23岁;身高,1.80米;健康状况,良好;业余爱好,游泳、唱歌、跳舞。

2.简历:2005年北京大学毕业后分配到南通中学工作,2007年调至苏州中学工作至今。 3.工作:工作认真负责,与人相处融洽。

4.特长:精通英语,尤其口语,已将多本中文书籍译成英语,懂一些日语、能用日语与外宾对话。

联系电话:******** 联系地址:苏州市人民路**号

第一步:介绍消息来源

介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句,它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅;而不介绍消息来源,会使收信人感到意外、突然,文章也缺乏过渡、照应,本文消息来源可作如下介绍:

dear manager, 介绍完消息来源后,应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿,即写信的目的,本文求职心愿可作如下介绍:

im interested in this job very much.id like to get this job. 第三步:介绍个人简历

某单位需要新人,求职人也有求职心愿,但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没

有干好这项工作的经历、实力,也是难以适应的。因此,介绍个人简历是必不可少的。本文个人简历可介绍如下:

now id like to introduce myself to you.my name is li ping.im 30 years old.im 180 cm tall.im healthy.i like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time.i graduated from beijing university in 1994.then,i went to work in nantong middle school.in 1996,i began to work in suzhou middle school and i have worked there until now. 第四步:摆出求职优势

仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长,也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此,求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外,还具有一定的优势和特长,这样才能稳操胜券。本文可通过如下方法摆出自己的优势: i work hard and i can get along well with others.im good at english and especially my spoken english is very good.ive translated many chinese books into english.i can understand japanese and i can talk to foreigners in japanese freely. 第五步:提出获职打算

丰富的工作经验,一定的优势和特长,只能代表过去和现在的情况,如果获职后自以为心愿已了,从此高枕无忧,马虎从事,那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。本文获职打算可作如下介绍:

if you agree with me, ill work hard and try to be a good translator. 第六步:请求答复联系

如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求,你必然要请他和你联系,以便你及时做好准备,到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见,请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。本文答复联系的内容可作如下介绍:

if you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me.i live at no.1 renmin road, suzhou city.my telephone number is 3654371. 第七步:表明感激之情

无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复,你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦,因此

你应向对方表明感激之情。本文可这样来表明感激之情: thank you very much. 上述七步内容联成一个整体,再加上下面的信尾,就成为一封完整的求职信。

推荐第4篇:求职信的翻译(作业)

_______________,(敬启者:)

In response to __________________________________________(贵公司报上刊登的招聘广告)of April 15,I wish to apply for the position of salesman.

I am twenty years old and _____________________________________

______________(今年7月份将从广西生态工程职业技术学院毕业)My college record has been good.A copy of my résumé is enclosed for your reference.I have some

experience in this line of work __________________________________

_________(曾在一家建筑装饰公司做了2年兼职工作。)

I am enclosing my résumé ___________________________________(和我的近照及毕业证复印件)I believe that they may be found satisfactory. I shall be obliged if you will give me a personal interview at your convenience.

_____________________________(盼早日回复)

Very truly yours,

Ye Jing

推荐第5篇:翻译学院毕业生求职信写作

明年的六月又是一个毕业的季节了,也是又一届毕业生走出校门踏进社会的时候。而我们求职时候,应该有一份简历之外,应该需要写一封吸引HR求职信。不过在写求职信之前,应届生资讯网提醒各位,最好参考一下大学生的求职信范文,为自己写个人求职信有更多的准备。以下是一翻译专业毕业的求职信,仅参考。

尊敬的领导:

首先深深感谢您在百忙之中抽出时间来听我的自荐,“宝剑锋从磨砺来,梅花香自苦寒来”我叫XX,今年22岁。来自于辽宁省海城市,我毕业于XX翻译职业学院。

学校素以培育优良学生为己任。学习文日韩双语专业的我,诚实、正直、好学、简朴、乐观、自信、责任心强;乐于与人相处,与身边的人相处融洽,具团体合作精神;为人正直,工作认真负责,能吃苦耐劳,做事严谨;缺点有时做事太急;对待所做每件事的态度是:不怕做不到,只怕想不到;没有最好,只有更好。光阴荏苒,转眼间,我马上要毕业了,想想过去的工作和大学生活心中感慨万千。

伴着青春的激情和求知的欲望,我走完了三年的求知之旅,美好的大学生活,培养了我科学严谨的思维方法,更造就了我积极乐观的生活态度和开拓进取的创新意识。课堂内外拓展的广博的社会实践、扎实的基础知识和开阔的视野,使我更了解社会;在不断的学习和工作中养成的严谨、踏实的工作作风和团结协作的优秀品质,使我深信自己完全可以在岗位上守业、敬业、更能创业!在校期间,我更本着以“学习为中心,全面发展”的原则,在努力学好了专业知识的同时,积极培养特长,锻炼社会实践能力。为适应当今人才网\">人才的需求,努力做好各方面的准备。我应聘该职位的优势以前在校期间我不仅注意专业知识的培养。

此外,我还积极地参加各种社会活动,抓住每一个机会,锻炼自己。大学三年,我深深地感受到,与优秀学生共事,使我在竞争中获益;向实际困难挑战,让我在挫折中成长。祖辈们教我勤奋、尽责、善良、正直;湖南省第一师范培养了我实事求是、不自以为是的性格。回首昨天,曲折坎坷外,得失荣辱间,都是一个奋进勃发的身影,都是一份无悔无愧的心情。在学校期间,我不断积极进取,立足基础扎实,努力学习专业知识,成绩优异。积极参与学校组织的各种活动,担任班干职务使我的组织领导能力和团结协作精神得到了锻炼,同时也得到老师和同学们的认可,在这样一个竞争激烈的社会里,不仅要掌握好专业知识,更加做到与社会与时代接轨。因此,学习之余,我注重知识与能力的平衡发展。

首先,我在大连翻译职业学院接受了三年的专业培养,我酷爱读书,特别是语言类,这些书对我大有裨益:陶冶性情,丰富知识,开阔视野。我系统地掌握了外语文学的相关知识,写作功底扎实,文笔优美流畅。

第二,我在学校社团工作两年,仪容仪表端庄得体,普通话标准流畅,沟通能力强。有创新意识,能够自发学习,获取新知。有较强的文艺能力和语言组织能力,能始终努力在实战中丰富自己的实践经验,使自己在短时间内成为企业需要的优秀人才。21世纪呼唤综合性的人才,我个性开朗活泼,兴趣广泛;思路开阔,办事沉稳;关心集体,责任心强;待人诚恳,工作主动认真,富有敬业精神。 在三年的学习生活中, 我很好的掌握了专业知识, 物识一个掌握扎实专业知识并具有一定工作能力和组织能力的部下,是你的愿望。谋求一个充分发挥自己专业特长的工作单位,并能得到你的关照,是我的期盼;得力的助手,有助于你工作顺心;合适的工作单位,有助于我施展才华。

或许我们会为着一个共同的目标而站在一起,那就是:将贵单位的辉煌历史写得更加缤纷!

推荐第6篇:自我鉴定及求职信

自我鉴定

在大学四年紧张而有序的学习生活中,我本着学好本专业,尽量扩大知识面,并加强能力锻炼的原则,大量汲取知识财富,锻炼了自己的各种能力。我努力的学习基础课,不断丰富专业知识。本人在几年中系统学习了公共管理、管理学原理、人力资源开发与管理、管理经济学、公共关系、管理文秘等课程。

通过学习,我系统掌握了现代管理理论、技术与方法等方面的知识以及应用这些知识的能力,谙透现代管理科学等方面的基本理论和基本知识,受到一般管理方法、管理人员基本素质和基本能力的培养和训练,掌握现代管理理论、技术与方法,能从事公共事业单位的管理工作,具有规划、协调、组织和决策方面的基本能力。能成为在文教、体育、卫生、环保、社会保险等公共事业单位行政管理部门及各企业从事管理工作的专门人才。

此外,我也很注重提高自身的综合素质,有较强的计算机网络以及操作能力,能非常熟练地运用各种基本的应用软件。这些开阔了我的视野和思维,使我具备更为多元的知识体系,学习能力和对环境的适应性有所提高。本人逻辑思维能力、社会交际能力较强,有教强的学习能力及适应能力,思维反应敏捷,语言,织表达能力较好。为人态度认真、诚实、有责任心。生活上一直都有着较强的独立能力,并且热爱生活,兴趣广泛,朋友圈子大,见识广博。

本人在单位和学校从事过办公室管理、秘书、电话访问员、校园代理,招生专员等不同岗位的实习和兼职工作,积累了丰富的工作经验,对于办公室行政工作很了解。我工作踏实,认真,具备一定的人力资源管理方面的经验,并且极富工作和团队精神,我性格真诚坦率,乐于助人,具有良好的人际关系和团队协作精神;工作和学习态度严谨,踏实负责善于解决复杂问题;富有创新意识;身体素质健康,长期坚持锻炼,培养了坚忍不拔的品质,积极参加社会活动。擅长与人沟通,与同事间拥有良好的友情,具有良好的适应性和熟练的沟通技巧,能够协助主管人员出色地完成各项工作。并得到了主管的的认可,我将继续努力,为明天的辉煌继续奋斗!

求职信

尊敬的领导:

您好!

首先感谢您在百忙之中阅读我的求职信。

我叫施伟,我是金陵科技学院行政管理(文秘)专业2007届毕业生。现向贵单位应聘。

四年来,在老师的教育及个人的努力下,我具备了扎实的专业基础知识,系统地掌握了秘书写作、秘书语言与交际、公共关系、办公自动化、秘书学等专业课程。通过在校期间的兼职和实习,收获了一定的社会经验和工作经验。平时我还常常涉猎一些课外书籍,不但重

视本专业技能和理论知识的培养,同时不断提高自己的综合素质。

面对激烈的竞争,我在紧张的同时又充满了兴奋。对自己,一直都是比较有信心的。过去的我已积累了许多,现在的我时刻准备着去发挥自己的才能,并且进一步完善自我,迎接新的挑战……望贵公司能给予我这个机会,因为我能做的很好!惧怀逸兴思斗志、欲上青天揽日月。目前的就业状况,竞争很激烈,无论您是否选择我,我都祝愿贵公司的事业蒸蒸日上!

期待能有一与您见面的机会。谢谢!

此致

敬礼!

施伟

2011.7.17

推荐第7篇:求职信格式及

求职信格式及范文

求职信通常由标题、称谓、开头、正文、结尾、署名、日期、附件等部分构成。

(一)标题 标题是求职信的眉目,居中写明“求职信”。

(二)称谓 写给用人单位的人事部门或直接写给单位负责人,注意称谓要做到礼貌、得体。对用人单位明确的可直接写明单位名称,如 “尊敬的 ××公司人事部 ”、“尊敬的××公司王经理”。在用人单位不确定的情况下,称谓可写 “尊敬的公司人事部领导”、“尊敬的总经理先生”等。

(三)开头语 先写问候语“您好”,表示礼貌、尊敬。再写求职人的自我简介或用人信息的获得渠道。如“我叫×××,是××大学工商管理系××专业的应届毕业生”。又如 “近从省人才市场获悉贵公司拟招聘××专业人才×名,这给我提供施展自己智慧和才能的机遇”。开头语表述应简洁明确、干脆利落,不宜过多过长。

(四)正文 求职信的核心部分。

首先详细介绍自己的专业优势,即学习的主要专业课程,参加的专业实践活动及在院各类专业竞赛中的获奖情况等,要充分展示自己在专业方面的突出成绩,使自己在众多应聘者中出类拔萃。

其次介绍自己的工作能力及爱好特长,包括自己在院期间担任学生会、班级的主要干部职务,在各类活动中的组织能力、人际交往能力、口才表达能力等等。个人的兴趣、爱好及特长也是竞争的优势。

再次,如果用人单位明确,可以谈谈对企业的认识、了解,表达迫切要求工作的愿望及录用后的打算。如 “贵厂是闻名遐迩的中外合资企业,总经理知人善用,重视人才,我非常愿意并渴望到贵厂工作,并愿为贵厂的兴旺发达贡献自己的知识与才华”。这部分撰写时,要力求简明,注意扬长避短,突出自己的优势与长处。

(五)结尾 再次表达求职的愿望,希望获得机遇,起到吸引和打动对方的作用。如 “希望给予面试的机会”、“热切地盼望着贵公司给予答复”等。也可写礼貌用语“此致”“敬礼”。

(六)署名、日期 署上求职者的姓名、日期。

(七)附件

这也是求职信的重要组成部分,它是求职信以外的其它材料。如:学历证书、成绩单、获奖证书、技能证书、论文等复印件。如材料多,依次标上序号。这些材料是个人专业优势和能力特长的验证,对用人单位来说是反映个人才能、知识的重要证据。

注意事项:

(一)真实客观

(二)突出重点

(三)篇幅简短

(四)文面整洁

求职信

尊敬的领导:

您好!

本学生潘小宝,是安阳工学院化学与环境工程学院环境工程专业的学生,于 2012 年 6 月毕业。

四年的大学生活,本人在学业上不断进步,全面系统地掌握了环境学,环境化学,水污染控制工程,大气污染控制工程,固体废物处理与处置,环保设备设计原理与应用,环境影响评价等知识及相关的化学理论,具有独立分析问题、解决问题的能力。在学好专业课的同时,自身一贯注重英语与计算机能力的锻练培养,通过了全国计算机二级水平考试,有较强的上机操作能力,能熟练运用 OFFICE、VFP 进行业务处理。顺应时代发展,本人英语读、写、听、说水平良好,能熟练阅读各类文章,顺利通过英语四级考试。

本人积极参加社会实践活动,达到学以致用目的。积极参加各种校园活动和社会实践。在大学浓郁的学习氛围中,本人圆满完成学业,使自己成为了一个知识面广、能力突出的毕业生,接受国家和社会的挑选。敬请贵单位领导对我诚恳的求职行为给予充分理解和支持,在详实调查、考核的基础上,做出您最满意抉择!

此致

敬礼

求职人:潘小宝

2011年 12月 11日

范文:

推荐第8篇:求职信及个人简历

求职信

尊敬的领导:

您好

本人在528招聘网得知贵公司的招聘信息,对输电线路电气设计员一职非常感兴趣。

本人从事过半年多的通信设计工作,虽和公司的设计岗位有一定的区别,不过我大学所学主要为电力系统,大学时也曾到瑞安华源电力设计有限公司进行过两个月的实习,有较好的理论基础和一定的实践经验;通过这段时间的通信设计工作,我熟练的掌握了AutoCAD及Office办公软件;自去年开始努力自学了不少电力施工及设计方面的知识,有《10-110千伏线路施工》、《输配电设备手册》、《10kV及以下架空配电线路设计技术规程》等,我的学习能力比较强,对这个职业也比较喜欢,一直希望能从事类似职位;我相信自己能很快适应这个工作。因此决定应聘贵公司的输电线路电气设计员,真心希望能成为贵公司的一员。 两年的工作让我收获了很多,重要的是使我养成了良好的工作习惯和积极的工作态度。尤其是第一份铁路施工的工作,不仅锻炼了我的意志,且让我养成了吃苦耐劳的品格。这些都将会帮助我很好地处理和应对今后工作中所遇到的困难。

非常感谢您在百忙之中所给与我的关注,愿贵单位事业蒸蒸日上,屡创佳绩,祝您的事业百尺竿头,更进一层楼!

吴晓云

2009-5-19

个人简历

个人信息

姓名:吴晓云民族:汉族

身高:165cm性别: 男

出生日期:1983-08-14电子邮箱:59951608@qq.com联系电话:13970922634/13576235069

户口所在地:九江市现居住地: 九江市

工作经历

2008年9月至2009年5月在辽宁邮电规划设计院江西办事处从事

接入网设计,现在已能独立完成各种数据和语音接入网工程的设计,并熟

练掌握其概预算软件。期间与同事合作设计过《2008年中国网通集团江

西赣州人事大厦等大客户接入新建工程》、《2008年中国网通集团江西

赣州水岸新天等小区接入网新建工程》等一系列工程项目。

2006年8月——2008年7在公司担任助理工程师,在中铁十七局成

都编组站项目时,完成三环特大桥桥体主墩及其细杆拱的施工,期间主要

负责具体施工的方案策划及小型单项工程的设计,组织管理现场施工,负

责现场工程质量验收及施工资料的收集整理和编制等。工作职责主要是进

行工程的技术指导、质量管理及验收,对工程质量负有监督指导的责任,

对工程质量发挥积极的作用。

教育背景

2002年09月 — 2006年07月 : 华东交通大学 电气工程及其自

动化 本科

专业描述

在校期间所学课程有:电路原理、电力系统、电子技术基础、电气控

制设备、电力电子技术、AutoCAD、自动控制原理、电机学、远程控制、电

力机车牵引技术、工程力学、管理学等。课余时间,广泛涉猎相关书籍,

还利用时间参加中国计算机等级考试,获得了中国国家计算机三级网络技

术证书。

推荐第9篇:求职信及点评

以下是引用片段:

一份好的求职信,无非是要执行以下两个功能:

(1) 要推销自己适合所申请职位的优点。如果你看上去似乎有不足之处,必须在求职信中加以弥补;

(2) 要展示自己对职位的理解。表达自己对职位的理解,远远胜过表达自己对职位的兴趣,因为兴趣人人都可以有(至少装作有),而理解却是见仁见智,各有千秋的。

您好!我是一名即将毕业的中山大学本科生,非常高兴在中华英才网、和我们的校园网站上看到中国移动广东分公司的招聘信息,特别是看到广州和中山分公司都在其中,如果能在自己的家乡加入移动,对我这个喜爱移动喜爱广州的人来说是绝妙的。(点评:第一段,既告诉对方自己如何得知招聘信息,同时表达了自己的热诚。)

但是您一定有疑虑,因为我这个学旅游酒店管理的人却想应聘市场营销!关于这个问题,我想进行如下说明:

(1) 在学科知识上我并不逊于市场营销专业。我们的专业除了学习市场营销的一系列课程外,还专注于消费者心理的研究,正如移动所说“沟通从心开始”,把握消费者心理对于营销策划更为重要。另外,我还广泛阅读了从《定位》到《忠诚的价值》等众多营销论著。

(2) 市场营销中许多具有艺术性、技巧性和因地制宜的东西,都不是可以从书上学到的,大卫.奥格威在成为广告教父之前是一个被牛津退学的郁闷厨子,策划狂人史玉柱也不过是一个整天计算数学方程式的四眼学生。在这点上,我已经证明了我的天赋,我的营销案例分析课程是全院最高分95分,而且从简历中您能够看到,我曾经成功地参与了企业的策划活动。

(点评:第二段,把自己最大的优点呈现出来,既然是校园招聘,最有利的证据就是自己的学分,而且是比别的同学都高的学分。事实上,该职位对专业本身并无限制,但郑明明主动地“自暴其短”,说明自己的专业不是市场营销,实际上是想以先抑后扬的手法起到“后来居上”的效果,意思是说,你看,我专业不对口,可是我的知识结构和那些专业对口的学生相比丝毫也不逊色,而这则变相地说明了她的学习能力更强。)

在广西移动的业务当中,我很中意12580移动秘书服务,我觉得这是一个设计得非常好的增值服务,工作人士以及象我们这样正在找工作的大学生就非常需要此项服务。最关键的问题是如何推广给顾客!假如我有幸能够加入移动,我会采取如下的方法进行推广:

(1) 在大学校园设立咨询台进行推广。我们可以联系学校的就业辅导中心,强调我们这项服务可以帮助大学生不错过任何一家企业的面试通知,那么很可能学校会免费提供场地让我们做宣传。

(2) 免费免操作为顾客提供半个月的12580移动秘书服务,所谓免操作,是指顾客不需要到营业厅办理,不需要自己打1860开通,也不需要设立密码,一切都和短信息一样,是自行开通的!顾客对于任何一项服务都是非常非常怕麻烦的,所以我们要把服务做到0麻烦!当顾客已经习惯这项服务时,我们就可以要求顾客打电话开通此项业务了!

(点评:第三段,以模拟工作的方法来展现自己对该职位的理解,尽管方案未必能够行得通,但是充分地展示了自己对移动的关注和热诚。)

当然,目前我对于移动的业务完全是门外汉,您可能会对我的幼稚哑然失笑,不过,我只是想让您了解我对通讯业务的热情和喜爱!同时我相信自己能够为广西移动的壮大添砖加瓦,和全球通的新广告词一样,“我能” !

感谢您的阅读,忠心期待您的回复。同时祝您身体健康,一切顺意!

(点评:第四段,再次表示出热诚,以祝福对方的形式收尾,很好!)

中山大学郑明明

2007年9月1日

附:简历

这份求职信强有力地执行了自己的使命:

(1) 弥补申请人的不足。其实该职位并不限制专业,郑明明率先提出自己专业不对口这个“伪不足”其实是为了制造一种后来者居上的感觉,意思是说,你看,我学的不是市场营销专业,但是我的知识结构和经验比那些专业对口的学生强多了。这是咱们中国人写作常用的手法,叫“先抑后扬”;

(2) 强调申请人的优势。即使在简历中已经说过一次自己在营销课中获得95分高分,在推荐信中完全可以再强调一次!

(3) 以模拟工作证明申请人的这些优点:善于思考+关注移动+对周围非常热诚。

推荐第10篇:求职信格式及

英文书信的写作

I.英文书信写作的五项基本原则

这五项基本原则是:consideration, concisene, clarity, courtesy, correctne。即:体贴、简明、清楚、礼貌、正确。

II.英文书信的结构

1.信头(Heading):包括写信人地址和写信日期。位置在信笺的右上角。地址从小到大,按单位换行,比如第一行写门牌号和街道,第二行写城市和省(州),第三行写国家和邮政编码。日期按照下列格式:June 1,2000(美国),1 June,2000(英国)。

2.封内地址(Inside Addre):假如是比较正式的信函,信笺上还要写上对收信人的称呼和他的地址。它一般位于信头的下方,信笺的左边顶格的位置。

3.称呼(salutation):封内地址低两行,靠左边顶格自成一行。假如是公函,则称呼对方的职位,假如是一般朋友则可称呼为My dear XX,假如是比较熟悉的朋友则可以用Dear XX。

4.正文(The body):有什么写什么即可。但注重五项基本原则。

5.结尾词和签名(Complmentary close and Signature):一般信函的结尾词用Yours sincerely/truely/faithfully)。假如是公函则以Yours respectfully结尾为多。亲密一些的私人信件则可以根据情况以Yours ever/ affectionaely,love,等结尾。结尾词下方要求手写签名,手写签名下方打印签名。

6.附件和再启(Enclosure and Postscript)

假如有附件,则可以按照这样的格式写:Enclosure: XXX。假如有另外的事情需要补充,则可以用P.S.开头,表示“又启,又及”的意思。

7.信封的格式(superscription):写信人的姓名地址位于信封左上角(或信封背面中上方)。收信人的姓名地址位于信封中心或偏右。

8.收转:在收信人姓名下方写上收转人的姓名,并在前面写上c/o字样

邀请信范例

1、正式邀请

October 24, 1994

Dear Profeor Qian:

I am pleased to inform you that the Culture Regeneration Research Society is organizing an academic exchange coference entitled \" The Conflicts of Cilvilization and Cultural China\" on 6-7 January 1995 in Cancouver, Canada.

You are cordially invited to participate in this important academic event of North America as our guest.Your round trip air ticket, accommodation and meal expenses will be subsidized.Should you be interested, please let us know at your earliest convenience.

Look forward to seeing you in this conference, and to having you as an important part of this event.

Sincerely,

(签名)

David Raymond

Chairman

Organising Committee of the Conference

Encl.Conference Announcement, Timetable, Member List

2、非正式邀请

Dear Mrs.Hudson:

Will you and Mr.Hudson be able to join us and a couple of friends on Saturday evening, October 5 th, for dinner? Later we plan to go to the City\'s Performance Hall to see a Huangmei opera.

Dinner starts at sitx-thirty to allow plenty of time for the drive into town and arrival before curtain time.We do hope you can come.

Sincerely yours,

Ma Mingcheng (签名)

求职信

3.求职申请信的格式

1)开场白(Opener)

最好开门见山,直接写明你写此信的目的,避免不必要的客套。

⑴ I\'m writing to apply for the position of ......advertised in today\'s Shanghai Daily.

⑵ In replying to your advertisement in today\'s Shanghai Daily, I am applying for the position of......⑶ In /Through today\'s newspaper I noticed your advertisement for .../I have learned that you are hiring...

⑷ I would like to apply for /to be considered as a candidate for the job/ post/ position advertised in.../ I saw advertised in / I have just seen in the ...

2) 正文(Body)

写求职信就像推销产品,言辞必须具有说服力,能打动对方。因此在正文中,你必须着重强调你的优点、长处,如学历、工作经历等,来证明你就是对方希望招聘的人员。但切忌过分夸张。

⑴ My working experience includes two months part-time receptionist with a CNR Co.and one year part-time aistant office manager for Haper\'s Stationery.⑵ I feel I am well qualified to ...for the following reasons...

⑶ I have experience of ..., therefore I may have the ability you are looking for.

3) 结尾(Close)

最后,你可写一些希望参加面试并请求对方尽快给你答复等客套话。

⑴If my application is succeful, I should /would like to...

⑵I am available for a personal interview if you are interested in my application.⑶I would appreciate an interview at your convenience.

⑷If these meet your requirements, please grant me an interview.I look forward to your early reply.

⑸May I discu my qualifications more fully with you at some time you find convenient? Please call (021)632-8976 at any time .

范例五:

July 20, 2000

Dear Mrs.Smith,

My name is Chencheng.I am a final student of Anhui Agricultural University.I am currently seeking employment in which I could make full use of my English language skills.For this reason, I would be interested in any job vacancies available in your company.I am confident and enthusiastic, so although I have little work experience, I believe that my personal qualities will allow me to make a valuable contribution to your company.

I wish to work for Haier in particular because as a newly opened joint venture company in Hefei, I feel you could offer me the chance to work among Chinese

and overseas employees in a morden and friendly environment.

I enclose my curriculum vitae; I am available for interview at any time.If there are no positions available at this time, I would be most grateful.If my application could be considered for future vacancies.

Yours sincerely,

Chencheng

范例六:

July 20, 2000

Dear Mrs.Janes,

I am writing in interest of the vacancy in your company for an English interpreter.My name is Chencheng.I am currently studying for an English degree and will graduate from Anhui Agricultural University this July.I have paed Band Four and Band Eight examinations.

I enjoy using English and am confident that my experience of interpreting part time for the university Foreign Affairs Office will allow me to make a valuable contribution to your company.

I wish to work for Imagination Computer Company in particular because I believe that such a reputable joint venture company could offer me the travel and career advancement prospect I am looking for.

With many thanks,

Chencheng

范例八:

April 13,2000

P.O.Box 36

Tsinghua University

Beijing,China 100084

Dear Sir/Madam:

Your advertisement for a Network Maintenance Engineer in the April 10 Student Daily interested me bacause the position that you described sounds exactly like the kind of job I am seeking.

According to the advertisement ,your position requires top university,Bachelor or above in Computer Science or equivalent field and proficient in Windows NT4.0 and LINUX System.I feel that I am competent to meet the requirements.I will be graduating from Graduate School of Tsinghua University this year with a M.S.degree .My studies have included courses in computer control and management and I designed a control simulation system developed with Microsoft Visual InterDev and SQL Server.

During my education, I have grasped the principals of my major and skills of practice.Not only have I paed CET-6, but more important I can communicate with others freely in English.My ability to write and speak English is out of question.

I would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me.I would welcome an opportunity to meet with you for a personal interview.

With many thanks,

Wang Lin

范例九:

April 13,2000

Room 212 Building 343

Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084

Ms.Yang:

I was referred to you by Mr.Zhang, a Partner with your Beijing office, who informed me that the Shanghai office of your company is actively seeking to hire quality individuals for your Auditor Program.

I have more than two years of accounting experience, including interning as an Auditor last year with the Beijing office of CCCC.I will be receiving my MBA this May from Tsinghua University.I am confident that my combination of practical work experience and solid educational experience has prepared me for making an immediate contribution to your company.I understand the level of profeionalism and communication required for long-term succe in the field.My background and profeional approach to busine will provide your office with a highly productive Auditor upon completion of your development program.

第11篇:个人简历及求职信

个人简历

李荣慧

男| 1990 年9月生 | 户口:甘肃兰州 | 现居住于甘肃兰州

0年工作经验 | 团员|其他: 20101020124

甘肃省榆中县和平镇兰州商学院6#617室邮编:730101

18093187070(手机)

E-mail: lirh200990@163.com

求职意向

·工作性质:实习

·期望职业:财务/审计/税务、物业管理、人力资源、行政/后勤/文秘

·期望行业:金融/银行/投资/基金/证券/期货、政府/公共事业/非盈利机构 ·工作地区:兰州

·期望月薪:2001-4000元/月

·目前状况:在校学生

自我评价

经过四年的大学学习生活,我已经具备了当代大学生应有的各方面素质和能力。在拥有较广博的人文社会科学知识面的基础上,系统地掌握了财税和会计方面的专业知识,擅长财务报表编制与数据统计分析,企业财务管理,熟悉成本及预算管理,税务筹划,财经法规以及微观与宏观经济分析等。能熟练应用办公自动化软件。

教育经历

2007/08--2010/06

孟坝中学/高中

2010/09 --2013/06

兰州商学院/ 财政学/ 本科

在校学习情况

在校学习成绩良好,未取得任何奖学金

在校实践经验

·2011/03 -- 2011/04

大一时任财税院公共管理学院实践部干事

参加了学院《黄土魂》活动

为会宁山区小学募捐文具教科书

·2010/12--2011/02

在内蒙古鄂尔多斯双新环保材料股份有限公司当文员

·2012/12--2013/02

在北京中国铁道部保卫科当保安

语言能力

英语:读写能力一般 | 听说能力一般

求职信

尊敬的领导:

您好!

感谢您在百忙之中抽出时间阅读这封求职信!我是兰州商学院学院2014届本科毕业生,怀着一颗真诚的、朝气蓬勃的心应聘贵公司的财务总监助理。

四年前我被兰州商学院录取,经过四年的大学学习与生活,我已经具备了当代大学生应有的各方面素质和能力。在拥有较广博的人文社会科学知识面的基础上,系统地掌握了财税和会计方面的专业知识,擅长财务报表编制与数据统计分析,企业财务管理,熟悉成本及预算管理,税务筹划,财经法规以及微观与宏观经济分析等。能熟练应用办公自动化软件。理论与实践对于我来说同样重要。在校期间我积极参加各项活动,利用课余时间作促销员,争取自强、自立。在寒、暑假期间,我到公司实习,并撰写了实习报告和论文,还与同学一起合作参加校学生课题研究,并顺利结题。总之,我珍惜每一次实际工作的机会,积累了一定的社会经验。

相信四年大学的磨练已将我锤打成为一名品德端正、意志坚强、思维机敏、有崇高理想和远大抱负,具有进取精神和团队合作精神的出色的大学生。如果我有幸能成为贵公司的一员,我将把我所有的青春和热情倾力投入到我的工作中,取得应有的成绩,为公司的发展壮大贡献自己的力量。

“良禽择木而栖,贤才择主而侍”。请相信您的眼光和我的实力,给我一个施展才华、贡献力量的机会!祝事业发达、蒸蒸日上!

此致

敬礼

李 荣 慧

2013年5月7日

第12篇:翻译及感想

应用于50-Gb / s 的直接转换QPSK调制器和解调器的单片微波集成电路(其主要应用于300 GHz太赫兹通信)

摘要:

我们已经证明相移键控(QPSK)调制是应用于未来300 GHz太赫兹通信的直接正交调制器和解调器的单片微波集成电路的基础。对于调制信号和解调信号,我们采用半吉尔伯特单元混频器,它具有简单的电路结构,提供了均衡的信令和性能适中的转换效率。为了维持调制器和解调器的平衡性能,被动式巴伦耦合器使用了比倒微带线有更少插入损耗的薄膜微带线,但是有源混频器的短互连是基于倒微带线(IMSLs)上的。半吉尔伯特单元混频器在300 GHz通信上有10%以上的足够宽的工作带宽。查看此调制器的静态星座图,可以知道失调约小于0.6dB4 。在高达60 Gb / s的条件下,进行了一个nonchip 背对背实验,并且验证了在50 Gb / s时,具有10或更少的数量级的低误码率。结果表明,该QPSK调制方案可以应用到数据速率是太赫兹频率两倍的通信中。

8关键词:

半吉尔伯特单元混频器,正交调制器和解调器,正交相移键控(QPSK )调制,太赫兹单片微波集成电路( MMIC),太赫兹无线通信。

引言:

太赫兹波频段由于有巨大的带宽,所以在未来吞吐量相当高的无线通信系统中引起了很大的兴趣,特别是短距离应用中。自从携带在太赫兹上的音频信号通过笨重的以用于时域光谱的飞秒激光为基础的系统传输进行后,几个载波频率在100GHz以上的幅移键控( ASK)或者通 - 断键控( OOK)调制实验也被完成。最初一直只是几千兆比特每秒的吞吐量现在也在先进器件技术方面稳定发展。通过使用宽带光子发射器和检测器二极管,在300GHz,24-Gb / s的无差错数据传输已被证明。发射器和接收器单片微波集成电路(MMICs)随着先进电子设备技术也开始实施,并且已经证明利用这些MMICs的简单无线链路可以达到20 Gb / s或更高的数据速率。所有上述结果都清晰地显示了太赫兹波在无线系统中即使以简单的调制格式也可以实现非常高的数据速率。

然而,当我们思考进一步提高数据速率时,使用ASK格式是否合适是值得怀疑的。ASK非相干接收器虽然提供了一个非常简单的系统结构,但并不适合频率复用以增加数据吞吐量。另外,由于ASK的频谱效率小于1bit/Hz,所以需要大带宽,比如100 Gb / s需要超过100 GHz的带宽,这导致了在前端部件发展时会面临其他挑战,例如功率放大器,混频器和天线。在这个意义上,正交相移键控(QPSK)方案,它具有两倍的频谱效率和复杂性适中的频率复用性能。即使在太赫兹通信领域,这也将是一个更好的选择。

近日,关于100 GHz无线通信中的正交调制器和解调器出现了几篇报告。这些设备中,会产生QPSK和八进制相移键控信号,并且在同一带宽的情况下,数据传输速率比ASK高出两到三倍。我们还介绍了300GHz直接QPSK调制器,它具有非常小的I / Q不平衡,在静态条件下小于0.6dB4。

在本文中,我们提出了一系列直接QPSK调制器和解调器的MMICs,它们可以处理在300 GHz高达50 Gb / s的数据速率。这些MMICs制作引进了国家最先进的的InP基异质结双极晶体管(异质结双极晶体管)技术。这些MMICs由有源电路,采用倒置微带线的半吉尔伯特单元和无源电路组成,例如一个混合耦合器,一个威尔金森功率合成器,以及两个环形波导耦合器,都使用了前向薄膜微带线(TFMSLs)。带有外部本地振荡(LO)驱动器的片上背对背试验速率多达60 Gb / s,在每个I和Q通道速率为30 Gb / s。

在第二节中,我们提出了关于在这项工作中使用的集成电路(IC)设计和工艺技术的背景和考虑因素。在第三节中,我们描述了电路元件的仿真测量结果的细节。然后第四节和第五节分别描述了静态QPSK信号产生和片上背对背试验的实验结果。

二、背景设计

A.关于设计的注意事项

在ASK调制方案下,已经证明了在300GH 可实现20 Gb / s或更高的数据传输速率。这时限制了最大数据速率的射频前端带宽,大约是40 GHz或更小。假设在相同的带宽下,QPSK调制的数据速率将达到大约40Gb / s以上。由于这项工作中QPSK的信号带宽在IF信号(中频信号)部分太宽,以至于不能进行处理,因此我们采用直接转换方案。如果射频是在50GHz,那么相对信号带宽将大约达到80%。一般在宽频带的条件下要保持均匀的特点(例如增益和群时延)是相当具有挑战性的。因此,对于曾经应用在所有大带宽场合的太赫兹通信,超外差结构通常对直接转换系统有高灵敏度,它很可能由于不完美的均匀性导致数据信号失真,并最终导致整个系统性能的降解。

然而,直接转换系统由于接收器电路的非线性特性经常会产生直流偏移。我们证明了解调器之后的直流偏置会使两种优势加以结合,如在图1中的简化形式所示。第一种是接收的RF信号的载波分量和本地振荡信号之间的混合,另一种是本地振荡信号的偶次谐波。因为输入接收器或解调器的射频信号的功率通常比本地振荡信号的功率小得多,所以射频信号的偶次谐波可以忽略不计。为了解决这些问题,我们为调制器和解调器选择了一个基于半吉尔伯特单元的的平衡配置(参见图2中的简化方块图)。在图2中的平衡配置可以有效地抑制调制器中的本振信号和解调器中偶次谐波的泄漏。此外,其中的所有电路都设计成比双平衡更简单的布局。

正交(Q)信号 和同相(I)信号路径之间的不平衡,作为QPSK系统所定义的性能中最重要的因素之一,在这个部分也会被考虑。失衡是由于有源元件和无源元件之间失衡引起的,本来有源元件和无源元件在两个信号路径上应该是对称的。如果我们忽略在制造过程中不能去除的空间变化的影响,如图2显示的90°混合耦合器的幅度和相位误差将直接影响到整个平衡性能。然而,由于在混合耦合器的90°相位差是由于路径长度的差异、不平衡的幅值引起的,因此除了传输线损耗有限的情况外是不可避免的。换句话说,人们必须选择损耗少、幅度失衡小的传输线。另外,如果我们假设材料和制造电路尺寸的物理参数和设计中的物理参数之间的差异已经给出,那么高速率的波传输线有利于减少混合耦合器的相位误差。

图1,在偏移直接变频混频器中直流两种优势结合的插图制作。(a)接收信号泄露载体和本地振荡信号的混合。(b)偶阶失真。

图2

框图组成:(a)QPSK调制器及(b)解调器。

图3 制造工艺的横截面

B.工艺技术和传输线

在这项工作中,我们使用了发射结宽度为250 nm的的InP基异质结双极晶体管(异质结双极晶体管),这和在[8]中使用的技术是相同的。在这项工作中最大的不同是InP衬底被减薄到50 m,通底的通道被用来抑制基板的模式和稳定接地平面的电势,在衬底的背面镀上厚厚的金属。在Ic8mA/m2和VCE1.8V的偏置点时,异质结双极晶体管的ft和fmax可推算约为370和650 GHz,。图3的个例显示了在这项工作中横截面的制造过程。有四个级别的填充了电介质苯并环丁烯(BCB)的金属层用于布线和互连。

在这个过程中,我们评估了两种不同的传输线:TFMSLs(薄膜微带线)和IMSLs(倒置微带线)。TFMSLs用M1层作为接地平面,其它层为信号线,而IMSLs用M4层和背面金属作为接地地面,M1层为信号线。对于IMSLs,异质结双极晶体管的电极可以和短而少的电感互连是可以,所以信号线在同一层。否则以M4作为信号线的TFMSLs由于厚M4的使用将会提供优越的插入损耗特性。图4显示了两种传输线仿真、测量的插入损耗约为50。为了做公平的比较,进行了数据在传输线的半波长归一化。为了去除嵌入的晶圆上探测垫的影响,使用制作在同一晶片上的直通反射线(TRL)测试图案进行半导体晶片的校准。根据有限元法(FEM)模拟,50的TFMSL和IMSL的线宽和半波长分别约11m和480m以及7m和240m。由于InP衬底的高介电常数,所以IMSL的有效波长很明显短得多。正如图4看到的,TFMSL在300GHz的模拟插入损失大约为0.5 dB,而IMSL的插入损耗超过3 dB。

在第II-A中提到的设计注意事项中,我们为混合耦合器和其它无源元件选择了大而长TFMSLs。

图4 在去除嵌入的晶圆探针垫后,模拟(线)和测量归一化长度为eff损耗。

/2的两种传输线的(散布)插入IIII 、MMICs产品的设计

A.环形波导耦合巴伦

在这项工作中,环形波导混合耦合器用于实现单端传输和差分对传输的转换。为了最大限度地减少插入损耗,该耦合器配置了使用M4作为信号线和M1为地面的TFMSLs线。300GHz传统圆形形状的环形波导耦合器的线路直径约为460m。由于对于I和Q信号路径,我们需要两个并行的非平衡变压器,所以电路中的平衡-不平衡变换器所占的总空间预计为1mm0.5mm以上,这个面积对于MMIC产品可以算作很大。为了减少环形波导耦合器的大小,我们折叠端口之间的传输线。图5在传统的和折叠的布局中做了比较。如果我们减少折叠线之间的距离太长,它们之间的耦合将会变得更强,并且最终耦合器将不能作为一个巴伦工作。为了决定传输线的分离,在FEM模拟器中,我们通过在几个分离点提取300GHz的偶、奇模阻抗计算出了并行传输线的耦合系数。在仿真中,线的宽度设定为5.6m,特征阻抗约为70。耦合系数如下式

CZevenZodd

(1)

ZevenZodd其中,Zeven和Zodd分别是并行传输线的偶数和奇数模式的阻抗 。

图6显示了计算出的对于平行线间隙的相对耦合系数。在图中可以看到,大间隙距离抑制了线之间的耦合。在这项工作中,我们设置折叠线的分离为10m,这会使线之间的耦合小于20分贝。优化设计中,仅仅单个平衡-不平衡变换器就大约占160m160m的面积,这个面积大约是传统的环形耦合器的十分之一。图7显示了单端输入和双端差分输出的测量插入损耗和相位响应的不平衡特征。从测量结果来看,TRL校准技术去除了晶圆效果。一个折叠的片上端接P3的环形波导耦合器,在300GHz,幅度失衡小于1dB,相位失衡小于5°。如图5所示,P1到P2和P4的插入损耗在300GHz时大约为4.3dB,这意味着1.3 dB的额外损耗。

图5

常规和折叠环形波导耦合器布局。

图6 对于平行线之间间隙的相对模拟耦合系数。

图7 折叠的环形波导耦合器的模拟(线)和测量(散射)之间的幅度和相位失衡的差异。

图8 90°混合耦合器的模拟(线)和测量(散射)之间的幅度和相位失衡的差异。

B.90°混合耦合器

在这项工作中,正交信号是由本地振荡信号路径上的分支线耦合器产生的。根据一般的设计规则,分支线耦合器所占的面积为/4/4,在此工作中的TFMSLs大约为230m230m。由于90°混合耦合器的传输线比环形波导耦合器的短而宽,所以在这项工作中,折叠传输线的方法在减小占用面积方面不再有效。图8示出了分支线耦合器的模拟、测量的特性。在图中可以看到,在300GHz时幅度失衡和相位失衡同样分别小于1dB和5°。虽然工作带宽比环形波导耦合的窄,但是由于分支线耦合器只处理了300 GHz的本地振荡载波信号,所以处理高数据速率时不再是问题。片上端隔离端口在300 GHz时,从输入到两个正交输出的插入损耗测量约为5.1dB。

C.威尔金森功率合成器和分频器

具有宽工作带宽和简易结构的威尔金森功率合成器用于合并或划分射频信号。图9示出威尔金森功率合成器的布局。威尔金森功率合成器的两臂被折叠以保持适当的间隙,这样可以在两只/4臂的末尾插入100的隔离电阻,以使电感互连线缩短。图10显示了在图9中从P1到P2和P3的测量插入损耗和幅度失衡。在整个测量频率范围内,测量幅度失衡小于0.5dB。插入损耗随着频率的升高略有增加。在300 GHz左右时,插入损耗约为4dB。

图9

威尔金森功率合成器的布局。

图10 测量插入损耗(线)和幅度失衡(散射)。

D.单位混频器调制器

为了抑制输出射频信号的载波分量,我们使用了半吉尔伯特单元混频器,它提供了均衡的射频信号,保证了LO-RF隔离器性能适中。简单的电路结构和布局也是我们选择半吉尔伯特单元结构,而不选择全吉尔伯特单元结构的原因。图11示出该混频器单元调制器的示意图,其中包括偏置网络。由于异质结双极晶体管的ft在深有源区略高于300GHz,所以我们决定用差分信号,而不是300GHz的本地振荡载波信号来驱动开关晶体管Q1和Q2。根据这样的结构,差分输出电流iRF,可表示如下:

ivLOvDDiiIexptanhRFC1C2C3VT2VT

(2) 其中,iC1和iC2分别是Q1和Q2的集电极电流,IC3是Q3的集电极直流电流。vLO和vDD分别是LO的输入电压和差分数据信号,VT是热电压,在300K时,大约是26mV。

注意,tanhx仅具有奇数阶x,因此在差分输出信号路径完全平衡的情况下,不携带数据的载体成分vLO在输出信号[14]中将不会出现。

晶体管Q1~Q6是完全相同的,发射结面积为30.25m,而晶体管Q7的发射结面积

2为60.25m2.该混频器是专为-4V单电源供电设计的。晶体管Q3的偏置电流IC5.4mA/m2,其中异质结双极晶体管的输入和输出可以提供小而匹配合理的增益,而Q1 和Q2工作在大约IC2.7mA/m2的低电流密度下,是具有高消光比的高效开关。

为了从射频信号中隔离出直流偏置网络路径,我们使用了TL1~TL2和TL4~TL6的高阻抗四分之一波长传输线。所有晶体管和传输线之间的互连,包括TL1~TL3,都使用了M1并且整个电路都被覆盖上了M4地平面,导致形成了IMSL结构。由于核心晶体管(Q1~Q3 )之间的互连长度会影响所有电路的电路带宽,而且在实际的布局中也不能忽略不计,所以我们考虑用TL3作为传输线并且在其带宽和转换效率进行优化。为了表征带有单端的晶圆探针的混频器,我们在射频输出端增加了一个环形波导耦合巴伦。所制作的半吉尔伯特单元混频器在-4V电源下消耗约为5.5毫安。

图11 半吉尔伯特单元混频器调制器的示意图

图12 在具有单端输入的数据调制器中使用的半吉尔伯特单元混频器测量(散射)模拟(虚线)的转换增益。插页示出了在300 GHz相对于LO信号功率的模拟转换增益。

图12示出了在300 GHz测得的固定LO信号的转换增益和单端数据信号输入。具有频率扩展功能的矢量网络分析仪(VNA )的功率校准是用功率计进行的(埃里克森PM4),并且通过去嵌入的半导体晶片上探针损失来实现电源测量参考平面移动到半导体晶片上探针的端。单端0.3Vpp正弦信号被输入到差分数据输入端口,频率在0.1~30GHz范围内的被滤掉。在探针末端,倍频器链的最大可用LO功率预计将达-5dBm。如图12所示,转换增益大约是15dB,本地振荡器为-5dBm,其中包括了环形波导耦合巴伦的插入亏损,根据仿真结果,最大转换增益甚至具有较高的LO功率也不会达到-10分贝。虽然转换损耗是相当高,但是混频器在280~320GHz范围内可以进行统一转换。只考虑带宽特性,混频器能够调制出超过20 Gb / s的I或Q数据流,这意味着QPSK信号将达到40 Gb / s或更高。

E.解调器的单位混频器

解调器中单元混频器的设计也是基于在半吉尔伯特单元结构的。图13显示了混频器的示意图。不像在调制器中的混频器,一个用于解调的数据缓冲放大器也被整合。由于LO信号驱动的开关晶体管Q1和Q2,本振信号的偶次谐波引起的直流偏移问题可以被最小化。差分输出电流可以如下表示: iDDiC1iC2vRFIC3expVTvLOtanh2VT

(3)

假设接收到的射频电压是非常小的(vRF为

iDDIC3,并且所有高频成分被滤掉,(3)可以近似VT)

vRFvLO

(4)

VT2VT如果接收到的射频信号不包含载波分量,那么就不会产生直流偏移,如图(4)所示。

和那些调制器的混频器一样,解调器混频器的核心晶体管Q1-Q3也被偏置在同一工作点上。第一和第二射极跟随器放大器分别被偏置在集电极电流IC4IC52.5mA和IC8IC96.5mA,而且用-4V单电源供电。高阻抗的四分之一波长传输线TL1~TL3用于分开高频电路的直流偏置网络部分,TL1的带宽和转换效率得以优化。

为了晶圆上外部LO驱动的测量,还集成了一个带有LO信号端口的环形波导耦合巴伦。图14示出了在300GHz,-5dBm的本地振荡器所测量的和模拟的转换增益。该射频信号是从功率校准矢量网络分析仪馈送过来的。为了表征射频的工作带宽,射频信号的频率从270GHz扫到325 GHz,解调信号的功率仅仅从一个输出端口检测到了,而另一个在直流阻塞后被终止了。在实验过程中,晶圆上的探针的末端的射频功率大约被设定在-30dBm。如图14所示,解调器的频器具有-5dB的转换增益。根据仿真,更高泵浦功率的混频器将提供0 dB以上的转换增益。然而,这个大转换增益仅仅是由于使用了输出数据放大器才得到的。考虑到使用LO信号来驱动开关晶体管,核心混频器特性转换的效率会比调制器的略差一点,工作带宽测量达到了30GHz或以上。

图13 半吉尔伯特单元解调器的混频器示意图(

R1R2470,R3R4470,R5R6470,R7R8470)

图14 单端数据输入解调器的半吉尔伯特单元混频器的测量(散射)和模拟(虚线)的转换插图显示了在300 GHz,相对于本地振荡信号源的模拟转换。·

四、PSK调制器和解调器 图15示出了该调制器和解调器的MMICs图片。整个MMICs的面积是1120m880m。由于核心混合器的设计中使用了IMSLs,所以MMICs的中心区域被最顶部金属M4所覆盖,而用TFMSLs制造的无源元件制造可以被看见。为了在M1层上稳定整个地面电位水平,我们使用了形成于后期制作过程中的通孔基板。该调制器和解调器在-4V供应下消耗分别约为10mA和49mA。

该调制器的LO-RF隔离和I-Q平衡性能用无晶圆实验装置和矢量网络分析仪来表征。当数据端口仍然开放时,在300 GHz测量的LO-RF隔离为25 dB或略低于25dB。当我们有目的地将小差分直流电压加到数据端口时,载波分量的信号电平下降将会大幅度提升。在I和Q端口,降低载波分量泄露的偏移电压分别约为25.7和18.2 mV。为了测量静态星座,我们的差分电压上升到0.3 V。随着直流电压施加在数据端口,输出信号的电平增加了大约14dB,导致从LO信号到RF信号总的插入损失约为10 dB。图16示出了调制器的静态星座。测得的数据进行旋转排列在45°网格附近。提取不平衡的最大值约为0.6dB4。根据理论分析[15] ,由于这种调制器的幅度失衡和相位失衡,信道间的干扰功率估计分别约为23dB和36dB。如果高速数据的输入失衡与静态失衡差不多时,那么由于失衡在误码率方面引起的累积功率代价 (BER)预期将小于1dB。

不幸的是,我们不能表征解调器的静态性能 ,因为模拟接收射频信号的300 GHz信号的良好相位控制的是不可行的。然而,晶片上的整流子片试验传导速度高达60 Gb / s,并且运行结果将会在第五节写出来

15 (a)调制器及(b)解调器的图片

图16 在300GHz,解调器的归一化静态星座

五、在50 Gb / s的背对背测试

为了检测调制器和解调器的MMIC可以处理的最大数据速率,我们进行了半导体晶片上的背对背测试,并且用BER测试仪直接测得BERs高达60 Gb / s。我们用背对背形式制作了另一个包含了调制器和解调器的MMIC,其中两个RF端口直接用TFMSL连接。图17(a)和(b)示出了集成了调制器和解调器的MMIC的测试照片,其中RF端口直接连接。如图17(c)所示,一旦MMIC背对背测试安装在一个用于数据输入和输出以及偏置的单独电路板上,那么就会使用调制器和解调器的LO信号来驱动带有两个倍频链的晶圆探针。其中一个倍频链专用于高功率,在输出波导末尾提供功率0 dBm,而另一个实际上是矢量网络分析仪的始端,约提供功率-10dBm。在半导体晶片上探针的尾部,调制器和解调器的低泵浦功率分别约为-17和-5dBm。为了使用单脉冲模式的发生器(PPG)把高速PRBS数据供应给I和Q的输入端口,所以将PPG的数据和外部数据(负信号)输出分别以单端信号的形式连接到I和Q输入端口。在这里,不使用的差分输入的截至阻值是50。我们额外插入了一个用于I数据输入的2米长的电缆,这样就可以随机产生四个QPSK信号。额外电缆的损失可以通过在PPG中设置数据和扩展数据的输出信号幅度的不同加以补偿。在电缆的端部,调制器输入的数据和外部数据的幅度被调整为约1VPP。在倍频链的输入端,我们曾经调整移相器在40 Gb / s获得最佳误码率,并且这些设置在所有其他实验中仍然是固定不变的。

图18显示了在几个比特率下,测量的眼图和误码率。这项工作中所用的伪随机位序列(PRBS)码长是21。可以看到,眼图在高达50 Gb / s时是相当清晰和张开的。但是,在更高的速率下,由于MMIC的有限带宽,眼图开始在上升/下降时间改变。

观察在图12和14中所示的单元混频器的测量射频带宽,我们可以得出结论:这项工作中的解调器限制了最大数据传输速率。注意,这项工作中的设备工作带宽实际上和ASK调制器提供的工作带宽是一样大的,但在这项工作中最大数据传输速率大约是ASK调制的两倍。此外应当指出,在图(18)中示出的结果不包括LO信号的相位噪声,由于这两个倍频链用相同的信号源驱动,所以在解调中可以近乎完美地消除相位噪声。 31 17

MMIC(a)的照片,并且MMIC经过测试且集成了调制器和解调器及(b)实验装置。其中,数据输入、输出和偏压分别引线连接到外部电路板,而LO信号被直接施加到半导体晶片上的探针。(c)实验装置的框图(示波器: OSC,错误检测器:ED,脉冲码型发生器:PPG,移相器:PS)。

18 在几个比特率下测量的眼图和误码率。(a)和(b)40 Gb / s,(c)和(d)50 Gb / s,(e)56 Gb / s,(f)60 Gb / s。50 Gb / s意味着在I和Q信道分别为25 Gb / s。

六、结论

我们已经证明了直接转换QPSK调制器和解调器的MMICs,适用于未来的300GHz太赫兹通信中。为了在直接转换中尽量减少直流偏移,我们在调制器和解调器中使用了半吉尔伯特单元混频器,并且给它们配置了IMSLs;为了平衡性能,无源耦合器的设计使用了TFMSLs。该单元混频器在300GHz的转换增益约为-15dB,带有-5dBm的LO泵时约为-5dB。调制器MMICs的LO-RF隔离约为25 dB,I信道和Q信道之间的静态失衡的最大值约为0.6dB4。从芯片的背对背实验中可以知道,QPSK调制器和解调器的50 Gb / s操作被成功核实。表I总结了MMICs的性能,其中MMICs里有上述所讲的正交混频器和带正交混频器的收发器。结果表明,即使在太赫兹频率下,QPSK部件在增加一倍数据传输速率的条件下,仍然可以在通信上有足够好的性能——合理的电路复杂性。

表1 与其他含有正交混频器的产品的比较

附页:

一、文中出现的缩写词

单片微波集成电路(MMICs) 相移键控调制(QPSK) 倒微带线(IMSLs) 本地振荡信号(LO)

正交(Q)信号 和同相(I)信号 薄膜微带(TFMSLs) 有限元法(FEM) 矢量网络分析仪(VNA ) 基异质结双极晶体管(HBT)

二、补充说明

1、太赫兹泛指频率在0.1~10太赫兹波段内的电磁波,处于宏观经典理论向微观量子理论、电子学向光子学的过渡区域。频率上它要高于微波,低于红外线;能量大小则在电子和光子之间。由于此交叉过渡区,既不完全适合用光学理论来处理,也不完全适合用微波的理论来研究。

2、背靠背测试也就是“比较测试”,

一、有时为保证系统的“绝对”可靠性,经常使用冗余的软件和硬件,以减少错误发生的可能性。冗余技术包括工作冗余和后备冗余,工作冗余:是一种两个或以上的单元并行工作的并联模型。平时,由各处单元平均负担工作,因此工作能力有冗余。后备冗余:平时只需一个单元工作,另一个单元是冗余的,用于待机备用。

二、这时根据同一的规格说明书由不同的开发小组开发出不同的软件版本,因此,可用相同的测试数据对它们进行测试以产生相同的输出,然后执行所有版本并进行结构比较,这种测试就是比较测试(背靠背测试)。

3.、混频器就是将信号频率由一个量值变换为另一个量值的一种过程,具有这种功能的电路称为混频器。

4.、巴伦就是平衡不平衡转换器。平衡线路和不平衡线路具有不同的电特性,而使得它们不能简单地相互连接。平衡-不平衡变压器通过为两种不同线路提供阻抗转换而进行匹配,可以用于多种类型的线路系统的互联。

5、耦合器也叫适配器,是一类能使传输中光信号在特殊结构的耦合区发生耦合,并进行再分配的器件。简单的说,就是可将一路微波功率按比例分成几路的功率分配器件。

三、总结体会

全文总结:这篇文章主要介绍了一种新型的单片微波集成电路, 这种新型集成电路可用于50-Gb / s的直接转换QPSK调制器和解调器,且在300 GHz太赫兹通信上有重要意义。而且这种微波电路还使用了具有特殊功能的半吉尔伯特单元混频器和被动式巴伦耦合器。通过此篇文章我们可以感受到QPSK在300GHz太赫兹通信应用中至关重要的作用,太赫兹通信也将成为未来通信的一种新形式,它集合了微波通信与光通信的优点,具有传输速率高、容量大、方向性强、安全性高及穿透性好等诸多特性,在军事通信应用上的前景广阔,已成为各国争相开发研究的热点。

体会:和以往的作业相比,这次的作业形式比较特殊的。在文献翻译的过程中,我接触了很多新的学习方法,第一次学会利用学校数据库查阅文献资料,第一次阅读、研究英语文献,第一次透彻了解许多课本上提都没提过的专业术语,这些第一次都为我以后的学习奠定了重要的基础。这次作业对于我们这样的初学者是有一定难度的,但收获颇丰,希望以后还有机会做这种形式新颖的作业,我相信下次我会把作业完成的更好,也会学到更多的知识。

第13篇:英语演讲及翻译

youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshne ; it is the freshne of the deep springs of life . youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease.this often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 .nobody grows old merely by a number of years .we grow old by deserting our ideals. years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul .worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .en369.cnwhether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being ‘s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living .in the center of your heart and my heart there’s a wirele station : so long as it receives meages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young . when the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of peimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80.thank you! 青春

青春不是指岁月,而是指心态。粉嫩的脸,红润的唇,矫健的膝并不是青春。青春表现在意志的坚强与懦弱。想象的丰富与苍白、情感的充沛与贫乏等方面。青春是生命深处清泉的喷涌。

青春是追求。只有当勇气盖过怯弱、进取压倒苟安之时,青春才存在。果如此,则60见之长者比20岁之少年更具青春活力。仅仅岁月的流逝并不能使他们衰老。而一旦抛弃理想和信念,则垂垂老也。

岁月只能使皮肤起皱。而一旦丧失生活的激情,则连灵魂枯老,使人生枯如死水,毫无活力。

60岁长者也好,16岁少年也罢,每个人的内心深处都渴望奇迹,都如孩子一般眨着期待的双眼,期待着下一次,期待着生活的情趣,你我灵魂深处都有一座无线电中转站------只有你我年轻,则总能听到希望的呼唤,总能发出喜悦的欢呼,总能传达勇气的讯号,总能表现出青春的活力………

一旦青春的天线倒下,你的灵魂即为玩世不恭之雪、悲观厌世之冰覆盖;即使你年方20.其实你已垂垂老也。而只要你青春的天线高高耸起,就可以随时接收到乐观的电波-----即使你年过八旬,行将就木,而你却仍然拥有青春,你仍然年轻。篇2:环保英语演讲稿和翻译

环保英语演讲稿和翻译

a lot of measures have been taken.planting trees helps improve and beautify the environment.besides, laws concerning environmental protection have been put into effect and achieved good results.however, the problem of environmental protection remains far from being solved.on the one hand, the environment pollution and 我们生活的世界变得越来越难以忍受,因为环境破坏的原因。例如,森林的破坏导致减少种植的土地和令人不快的天气。此外,人类正面临的问题和被污染的空气污染的水。

很多已经采取措施。植树有助于提高和美化环境。除此以外,环境保护-法律已经实施,取得了良好的效果。

然而,问题的环保仍难以解决。另一方面,污染、破坏环境越来越糟在现代世界中。另一方面,缺乏知识的环境保护问题求解的制约。一言以蔽之,还有很长的路要走,我们享受了干净、舒适的世界。

a lot of measures have been taken.planting trees helps improve and beautify the environment.besides, laws concerning environmental protection have been put into effect and achieved good results.however, the problem of environmental protection remains far from being solved.on the one hand, the environment pollution and 我们生活的世界变得越来越难以忍受,因为环境破坏的原因。例如,森林的破坏导致减少种植的土地和令人不快的天气。此外,人类正面临的问题和被污染的空气污染的水。

很多已经采取措施。植树有助于提高和美化环境。除此以外,环境保护-法律已经实施,取得了良好的效果。

英语演讲稿精品范文2篇(附翻译) >英语演讲稿一:

hiding power of a smile笑容的隐藏力量

我童年时,一直想成为一位超级英雄,我想拯救世界,让每个人都快乐,但我知道需要超能力才能让我的梦想成真,所以我展开这些想象之旅,到克利普顿星(超人的家乡)寻找星际间的天体。这很有趣,但没什么成果。当我长大后,了解到科幻小说不是超能力的好来源,我决定展开一场真正的科学之旅,寻找更有用的真理。

i started my journey in california with a uc berkley 30-year longitudinal study that examined the photos of students in an old yearbook and tried to measure their succe and well-being throughout their life.by measuring their student smiles, researchers were able to predict how fulfilling and long-lasting a subjects marriage will be, how well she would score on standardized tests of well-being and how inspiring she would be to others.in another yearbook, i stumbled upon barry obamas picture.when i first saw his picture, i thought that these superpowers came from his super collar.but now i know it was all in his smile. 我的旅程开始于加州,以柏克莱大学从事30年期的纵贯研究,研究一本旧年鉴中的学生照片,试着衡量他们一生的成就和幸福。藉由衡量学生的微笑,研究人员能够预测研究对象的婚姻是否圆满及长久,他在标准化幸福评量中能得到多少分,以及他能为别人带来多少启发。在另一本年鉴中,我偶然发现了欧巴马的照片,当我第一次看到他的照片时,我认为这些超能力来自于他的超大衣领,但现在我知道这全来自于他的笑容。another aha! moment came from a 2010 wayne state university research project that looked into pre-1950s baseball cards of major league players.the researchers found that the span of a players smile could actually predict the span of his life.players who didnt smile in their pictures lived an average of only 72.9 years, where players with beaming smiles lived an average of almost 80 years. 另一个啊哈!时刻,来自2010年wayne州立大学的研究项目,观察50年代前职棒大联盟球员的棒球卡,研究人员发现,球员微笑的宽度事实上可以预测他寿命的长度,相片中没有笑容的球员,平均寿命仅72.9岁,拥有灿烂笑容的球员,平均寿命将近80岁。 the good news is that were actually born smiling.using 3d ultrasound technology, we can now see that developing babies appear to smile, even in the womb.when theyre born, babies continue to smile -- initially, mostly in their sleep.and even blind babies smile to the sound of the human voice.smiling is one of the most basic, biologically-uniform expreions of all humans. 在巴布亚新几内亚进行的研究中,paul ekman,世界上最知名的脸部表情研究者发现,即使是fore部落中的成员,他们完全与西方文化隔绝,也因他们不寻常的吃人仪式而众所皆知,他们就像你我一样,也会在某些情况下微笑。因此,从巴布亚新几内亚到好莱坞,一直到北京的现代艺术,我们经常微笑着。你用微笑来表达喜悦和满足。how many people here in this room smile more than 20 times per day? raise your hand if you do.oh, wow.outside of this room, more than a third of us smile more than 20 times per day, whereas le than 14 percent of us smile le than five.in fact, those with the most amazing superpowers are actually children who smile as many as 400 times per day. 在这房间里,有多少人每天微笑超过20次?如果有的话请举起手。哦,哇!在这个房间外,超过三分之一的人每天微笑超过20次,不到14%的人每天微笑少于5次。事实上,拥有最惊人超能力的是孩童,他们每天微笑多达400次。

have you ever wondered why being around children who smile so frequently makes you smile very often? a recent study at uppsala university in sweden found that its very difficult to frown when looking at someone who smiles.you ask, why? because smiling is evolutionarily contagious, and it supprees the control we usually have on our facial muscles.mimicking a smile and experiencing it physically help us understand whether our smile is fake or real, so we can understand the emotional state of the smiler. 你有没有想过,为什么身处在经常微笑的孩子身边,也会让你经常微笑?最近在瑞典uppsala大学的一项研究发现,当看着正在微笑的人时是很难皱眉的。你会问为什么?因为微笑具有演化上的感染性,它能抑制我们平时对脸部肌肉的控制,模仿一个微笑并实际体验它,帮助我们了解我们的微笑是假是真,因此我们可以了解微笑者的情绪状态。in a recent mimicking study at the university of clermont-ferrand in france, subjects were asked to determine whether a smile was real or fake while holding a pencil in their mouth to repre smiling muscles.without the pencil, subjects were excellent judges, but with the pencil in their mouth, when they could not mimic the smile they saw, their judgment was impaired. 最近在法国clermont-ferrand大学的一次模仿研究中,要求测试对象在口中含住一支铅笔抑制微笑肌肉时,判断一个微笑是真是假。不含住铅笔时测试对象有优秀的判断力,但当他们口中含着铅笔时,就无法模仿他们看到的笑容,他们的判断力就会受损。in addition to theorizing on evolution in the origin of species, charles darwin also wrote the facial feedback response theory.his theory states that the act of smiling itself actually makes us feel better -- rather than smiling being merely a result of feeling good.in his study, darwin actually cited a french neurologist, guillaume duchenne, who used electric jolts to facial muscles to induce and stimulate smiles.please, dont try this at home. 除了在《物种起源》中阐述进化论以外,达尔文还写了脸部回馈理论。他的理论阐述,微笑这个行为本身,事实上能让我们感觉更好,而不仅是感觉不错的一个结果。在他的研究中,达尔文事实上引用了法国神经学家guillaume duchenne的实验,他使用电刺激脸部肌肉,诱发及激起微笑产生。请不要在家里尝试这个。

in a related german study, researchers used fmri imaging to measure brain activity before and after injecting botox to suppre smiling muscles.the finding supported darwins theory by showing that facial feedback modifies the neural proceing of emotional content in the brain in a way that helps us feel better when we smile.smiling stimulates our brain reward mechanism in a way that even chocolate -- a well-regarded pleasure inducer -- cannot match.在德国一项相关研究中,研究人员使用功能性核磁共振造影(fmri),拍摄在注射肉毒杆菌抑制微笑肌肉前后,对大脑活动进行测量的照片,这个发现支持达尔文的理论,显示当我们微笑时,脸部回馈会改变大脑中情绪部份的神经处理程序,在某种程度上帮助我们感觉更好。微笑刺激我们的大脑奖励机制,在某种程度上,甚至连巧克力,一个公认的快乐诱导物,都无法比拟。

british researchers found that one smile can generate the same level of brain stimulation as up to 2,000 bars of chocolate.(laughter) wait.the same study found that smiling is as stimulating as receiving up to 16,000 pounds sterling in cash.thats like 25 grand a smile.its not bad.and think about it this way: 25,000 times 400 -- quite a few kids out there feel like mark zuckerberg every day. 英国研究人员发现,一个微笑可以使大脑产生与2000根巧克力棒相同程度的刺激。(笑声)等等,同样的研究发现,微笑造成的刺激跟得到16000英镑现金相同,一个微笑就像25000美金,还不错。再想想看,25000乘以400,世上不少孩子每天都有像mark zuckerberg的感觉(facebook创办人)。

and, unlike lots of chocolate, lots of smiling can actu ally make you healthier.smiling can help reduce the level of stre-enhancing hormones like cortisol, adrenaline and dopamine, increase the level of mood-enhancing hormones like endorphin and reduce overall blood preure.而且,不像一大堆巧克力,大量微笑事实上可以让你更健康。微笑可以帮助降低提升压力荷尔蒙的含量,如皮质醇、肾上腺素和多巴胺,增加提升情绪荷尔蒙的含量,如脑内啡,并降低整体血压。

所以,当你想看起来很棒、很能干、减少你的压力,或改善你的婚姻,或想要感觉像是吃了一堆高质量巧克力,而不需承受热量的代价,或彷佛在一件多年没穿的旧夹克口袋中发现二万五千元,或当你想使用超能力帮助自己和周围每个人活得更长久、更健康、生活得更幸福,微笑吧! 英语演讲稿二:

what fear can teach us恐惧可以教会我们什么

one day in 1819, 3,000 miles off the coast of chile, in one of the most remote regions of the pacific ocean, 20 american sailors watched their ship flood with seawater. 1819年的某一天, 在距离智利海岸3000英里的地方, 有一个太平洋上的最偏远的水域, 20名美国船员目睹了他们的船只进水的场面。

theyd been struck by a sperm whale, which had ripped a catastrophic hole in the ships hull.as their ship began to sink beneath the swells, the men huddled together in three small whaleboats. 他们和一头抹香鲸相撞,给船体撞了 一个毁灭性的大洞。 当船在巨浪中开始沉没时, 人们在三条救生小艇中抱作一团。

these men were 10,000 miles from home, more than 1,000 miles from the nearest scrap of land.in their small boats, they carried only rudimentary navigational equipment and limited supplies of food and water. 这些人在离家10000万英里的地方, 离最近的陆地也超过1000英里。 在他们的小艇中,他们只带了 落后的导航设备 和有限的食物和饮水。 these were the men of the whaleship eex, whose story would later inspire parts of moby dick. 他们就是捕鲸船eex上的人们, 后来的他们的故事成为《白鲸记》的一部分。even in todays world, their situation would be really dire, but think about how much worse it would have been then. 岸上的人根本就还没意识到出了什么问题。 没有任何人来搜寻他们。 我们当中大部分人没有经历过 这些船员所处的可怕情景, 但我们都知道害怕是什么感觉。

we know how fear feels, but im not sure we spend enough time thinking about what our fears mean. 我们知道恐惧的感觉, 但是我不能肯定我们会花很多时间想过 我们的恐惧到底意味着什么。 as we grow up, were often encouraged to think of fear as a weakne, just another childish thing to discard like baby teeth or roller skates. 我们长大以后,我们总是会被鼓励把恐惧 视为软弱,需要像乳牙或轮滑鞋一样 扔掉的幼稚的东西。 and i think its no accident that we think this way.neuroscientists have actually shown that human beings are hard-wired to be optimists. 我想意外事故并非我们所想的那样。 神经系统科学家已经知道人类 生来就是乐观

主义者。

so maybe thats why we think of fear, sometimes, as a danger in and of itself.dont worry, we like to say to one another.dont panic.in english, fear is something we conquer.its something we fight. 这也许就是为什么我们认为有时候恐惧, 本身就是一种危险或带来危险。 不要愁。我们总是对别人说。不要慌。 英语中,恐惧是我们需要征服的东西。 是我们必须对抗的东西,是我们必须克服的东西。

但是我们如果换个视角看恐惧会如何呢? 如果我们把恐惧当做是想象力的一个惊人成果, 是和我们讲故事一样 精妙而有见地的东西,又会如何呢? its easiest to see this link between fear and the imagination in young children, whose fears are often extraordinarily vivid. 在小孩子当中,我们最容易看到恐惧与想象之间的联系, 他们的恐惧经常是超级生动的。 when i was a child, i lived in california, which is, you know, mostly a very nice place to live, but for me as a child, california could also be a little scary. 我小时候住在加利福尼亚, 你们都知道,是非常适合居住的位置, 但是对一个小孩来说,加利福尼亚也会有点吓人。

i remember how frightening it was to see the chandelier that hung above our dining table swing back and forth during every minor earthquake, and i sometimes couldnt sleep at night, terrified that the big one might strike while we were sleeping. 我记得每次小地震的时候 当我看到我们餐桌上

的吊灯 晃来晃去的时候是多么的吓人, 我经常会彻夜难眠,担心大地震 会在我们睡觉的时候突然袭来。

and what we say about kids who have fears like that is that they have a vivid imagination.but at a certain point, most of us learn to leave these kinds of visions behind and grow up. 我们说小孩子感受到这种恐惧 是因为他们有生动的想象力。 但是在某个时候,我们大多数学会了 抛弃这种想法而变得成熟。

we learn that there are no monsters hiding under the bed, and not every earthquake brings buildings down.but maybe its no coincidence that some of our most creative minds fail to leave these kinds of fears behind as adults.我们都知道床下没有魔鬼, 也不是每个地震都会震垮房子。但是我们当中最有想象力的人们 并没有因为成年而抛弃这种恐惧,这也许并不是巧合。

第14篇:名词术语及翻译

OEM:贴牌加工ODM:设计代工Corporate Social Responsibility:企业社会责任CSR 1.We are a dealer in Egypt.Joint venture:合资企业Inquiry:询价Follow up this case/order:跟单order follow up:跟单员2.I have 2 years of follow-up purchase orders and shipping experience我有两年以上的跟单sample follow up:跟样Forwarder:货代MOQ:minimum order quantity:最小订单量ETD:预计

交货时间Quote:报价Delivery date:交货期FOB:离岸价CIF:到岸价CFR:成本加运费

价Status inquiry:资信调查Reference:资信证明人Exchange rate:汇率Force majeure:不可抗

力Export tax rebates:出口退税Pre-production sample:产前样PPsampleOffer:报盘+for

PI:proforma invoice:形式发票Counter-offer:还盘Repeat order:返单Target price:目标价

PO:Purchase order:购货订单S/C:sales contract:销售合同Confirmed and irrevocable L/C:

保兑的不可撤销的信用证T/T:电汇D/P:付款交单D/A:承兑交单CAD:cash against documents on arrival of goods:货到后凭单付款Amendment:修改an amendmenttothe L/CFreight:运费Extension advice:延期通知Directive marks:指示标识Warning marks:警示标Price label:定价标签instruction manual:使用手册,说明书“Snake loaded” flat:蛇形平铺装柜Shipping instruction:装运指示Shipping advice:装船通知CY:集装箱堆场CFS:集装箱货运站FCL:整箱LCL:拼箱Telex release:电放Bank receipt:银行水单Tranhipment:转运Partial shipments:分批装运Insurance amount:保险金额+forInsurance policy:保单 Insurer:承保人The insured:投保人C.I.C:中国保险条款FPA:平安险WPA:水渍险AR:一切险ICC:协会货物保险条款Malicious damage clause:恶意损坏险Insurance premium:保险费 Warehouse to warehouse clause:仓至仓条款Open policy:开口保单Insurance rate:保险费率 Claim:索赔 Leon 2

1.We avail ourselves of this opportunity to introduce to you as a foreign-invested corporation specializing in arts and crafts.品

2.We want to acquaint ourselves with the supply position of steel products。我们想熟悉一下钢材的供应情况

3 We are enclosing a cope of pricelist.我们随函附上一份价目表

4.We have 28 distributors acro the world.

5.We are one of the leading exporters of Chinese industrial products and are desirous of entering into busine relations you.我们是中国轻工产品的主要出口商之一,愿与你公司建立业务关系 Leon 3

和般务经验

3.We have pictures of sports shoes selling well in UK.我们有在英国热销的运动鞋款式的

图片

4.We are sending some samples and brochures under separate cover for your reference.

已另邮一些样品和小册子供你方参考

5.We are interested in the electric appliance in your sample.Please kindly send your quotations to us.6.We’d like to inform that you’ll find our new products are at Stand 16.我们的新产品在16展台展出 Leon 4

1.We are looking for a reliable supplier who can provide us the laptop.手提电脑的可靠厂家

2.I would like to buy computers and computer parts.Please send me a detailed pricelist with min.Order and shipping costs.3 Regarding the model we attached here, our target price is USD9.5 for our market.关于所附的这种型号,我们的目标价位是每台9.5美元

4.We allow you a discount of 3% for quantity over 1000 pieces of the offered item.订购量超过1000件,可允许给予3%的折扣

5.As regards our financial standing, please refer to the Bank of China, Shanghai Branch.至于我们的信用情况,请向中国银行上海分行咨询 Leon 5

1.Please quote in USD CIF London for 1000 sets of bed sheets.伦敦价

2.The attached price list will provide you with the concrete information of the models you are most interested in.

3.Please kindly inform the quotations and payment terms for the following items.请告知按什

么价格及什么付款方式你能供应下列商品

4.Our company wants to enquire for the 500 sets of your Model No.277 washing machine.本公司想询问贵公司型号277洗衣机500台的价格

5.If your prices are competitive, we will place large orders with you.如果你们价格具有竞争性的话,我们将向你们大量订购 Leon 6

1.We approach you for the export of chemicals.我们是为了出口化工产品的事与你方联系的

2.As to the can foods, we advise you to contact directly Tianjin Foods Import and Export Co.关于罐头食品,我们建议你们与天津食品进出口公司直接联系

3.We shall appreciate it very much if you could inform the financial and credit status of the above company.

4.Please refer to Bank of China, Beijing Branch or China International Commercial Bank for the busine standing of our company.有关本公司业务概况的资料,请向中国银行北京分行及中国国际商业银行查询

5.Any information you may obtain will be treated as confidential.对你方提供的任何资料,我们都予以保密 Leon 7

1.The confirmation sample remains valid for two years.确认样有效期为两年

2.Our company intends to import silver products from your company.Pls send us sample pricelist.我公司有意从贵公司进口银制品,请寄样品价格单

3.We have received your samples with thanks.

4.We will refund the charge upon receipt of your order.退还给你们

5.Pls confirm the enclosed sample brochure.Leon 8

1.The illustrated catalog and sample have been sent by DHL.The courier No.is QD1234.解的目录和样品已由敦豪快速寄出,查询号为QD1234

2.The samples are free, but the customer must bear the freight cost according to the company policy.3.The products you make should be in complete compliance with our enclosed picture.你方

生产的产品应与我方随函附照片完全一致

4.We will send samples immediately when the standard freight of USD70 reaches our account of HSBC, or we get your DHL or UPS account.账户,或提供你的DUL,UPS账号,我们会立即发送样品

5.It is a heavy burden for our factory to send out free samples in large quantities.We are forced to ask you to share the cost with us.我们不得不请求贵公司与我们分担费用 Leon 10

1.At your request, we make the quotation for the following goods, subject to our final confirmation.2.We’ve learned that there is a heavy demand for EVA suitcases in your market.We hereby enclosed our NO.555 quotation sheet for your reference.箱要求强劲,随函随上第555号报价单,供你方考虑

3.We are offering for our jasmine tea, RMB1,125 per KG CIF Kobe with next-week shipment.兹报盘,茉莉花茶每公斤价格为1125人民币,神户(Kobe)CIF价,下周交货。 4.Thanks for your inquiry for Galvanized iron Sheet.We make the following quotations and look forward to your orders.价如下,敬请惠顾订货为盼。

5.This offer is subject to your reply before the goods being unsold.此报盘以我货未售出前,收到你方回函接受为准 Leon 11

1.We’d like to trade with you, but regret that we cannot reduce the prices to what you expected.They have been our lowest prices after our accurate calculation of all the costs.愿意与贵方开展贸易往来,但遗憾的是我们不能将价格降到你方所求,因为我方经准确计算成本后,已将价格降到最低点。

2.After careful investigation of our market situation, we have to make a reduction of 10% in order to meet the fierce competition.Otherwise, there’s no poibility of transactions.过对我市场条件仔细研究后认为,为应付剧烈竞争,你们必须降价10%,否则,生意成交无望。

3.We regret to inform you that the quotation you made for the plastic bags is out of line with our local market level.我们遗憾地告诉你方,你方所报塑料手提包价格完全与我地市场行

情不一致

4.Our counteroffer for the captioned goods is USD125, subject to your reply reaching us before noon of Wednesday of our time.三中午前答复有效。

5.We are pleased to enclose the PI in triplicate for 1000 SETS of bicycles of the following Leon 16

we can not accept your T/T request, our usual practice, in view of the small amount of this order, as an exception, one half of the payment will be paid by T/T, and the other half by CAD.Leon 17

1.We agree to be paid by D/P at sight instead of sight L/C for our future busine.specification.Please telephone us to prepare the goods upon receipt of the import license.我们高兴地随函附上下列规格的自行车1000辆的形式发票一式三份,获得进口许可证后,请即电告以便备货。 Leon 14

1.Attached is the label for your reference.

2.Now our stocks are running down quickly.The maximum we can offer is 200 metric tons.现在我们的库存量急剧减少,我们能供应的最大量是200公吨。

3.We can only accept delivery in March owing to the heavy ocommotments the manufacturer has got.因制造厂接到订货太多,我们只能答应三月份装船

4.The products for delivery by the end of this year have all been sold out, due to too many orders.订货太多,到年底交货的产品都已售完。

5.We are pleased to confirm ordering with you for 1000 cases of Tomato Paste with October shipment.Leon 15

1.After our recent exchange of faxes, we are pleased to put through a transaction for 10 metric tons of dry red chilli.经过最近我们双方的传真往来,我们很高兴与你方达成10公吨干红辣椒(dry red chili)的交易。

2.If there’s no problem, we hope you could countersign and return one copy S/C for our file.如果你们认为没问题,我们希望你们签回销售合同的副本一份备查

3.Please rest aured that there will be no further delay for the shipment of the goods.请放心,该货的装运,不会再有延迟。

4.We have opened through Bank of China, Tokyo Branch the L/C No.1758 in your favor on 15th.

5.We are pleased to inform you that we have booked your order No.111 for 5000 Canon Digital Cameras.

很高兴地告知你们,我们已接受了你方111号关于5000台佳能数码相机的订单

的业务,我方同意不用即期信用证,而改用即付款交单方式

2.We accept confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable against sight draft, instead of T/T.\\我方接受保兑的,不可撤销的信用证,以即期汇票而不是以电汇形式偿付。

3.In view of the huge amount of the order and the fluctuation of the international currency market, we cannot accept the payment terms other than L/C.市场又不很不稳定,所以我方无法接受除信用证外的其他支付方式

4.In view of our long-term friendly busine relationship, we exceptionally accept L/C negotiable at 60 days’ sight.信用证

5.We will transfer the full payment when the goods are ready and shipping space is booked, so as to save the high expense on iuing the L/C.

为了节省开立信用证的大量费用,我们将在货物已备妥待运且舱位已订下时,电汇全部金额 Leon 18

1.At your request we exceptionally accept the payment terms by D/P at sight.But it cannot be regarded as a precedent for future transactions.应你方要求,破例接受即期的付款交单方式,但不能认为是惯例

2.Due to the small quantity of the order, we propose the payment terms by D/P to simplify the procedure.由于这次订单订货数量不大,建议其付款方式采用通过银行付款交单托收方式,以简货手续。

3.3.We agree to accept D/P at sight in view of your current tough situation.考虑到你方目前的困难,我方同意接受见票即付的付款交单方式。

4.As special accommodation, we accept your proposal to be paid by D/P at sight.But it cannot be regarded as a future precedent.作为特殊照顾,我们同意你方的建议并接受即期付款交单,但这不应该视为先例

5.In view of our long-term friendly relationship, we comply with your request, 50% to be paid

by L/C and the balance by D/P at sight.要求,即50%信用证支付,其余的用即期付款交单 Leon 19

Please countersign and return one copy for our filesthe L/C in our favor

the L/C stipulations should strictly conform to the terms of the contractavoid any future amendment

You may rest aured that we will make shipment Leon 20

1.The goods are ready for dispatch.Please establish the covering L/C.We will make shipment upon receipt of the L/C.由于所订货物已备妥待运,请即开信用证,我方一收到信用证,立即装运。

2.It is neceary that all the L/C stipulations should be in exact accordance with the terms of the contract, so as to avoid any unneceary amendments.为避免不必要修改,有必要使相关信用证条款与合同规定严格相符

3.After examining the L/C carefully, we regret to find some stipulations are not in conformity with the terms in the contract.不符。

4.We hope to get your kind cooperation in the effect, and look forward to the L/C amendment from your banker.书

5.In the L/C we received, the payment is made by draft at 30 days’ sight.But according to the contract it should be made at sight.Please amend the L/C accordingly.根据我方所收到的信用证,付款方式是见票后30天付款,但根据合同应是见票即付,因此,请按说明修改信用证。

6.The date of delivery is approaching.Please amend the L/C as requested ASAP so that we may effect shipment in time.便我方能按时装运 Leon 21

1.Please extend the date of shipment and the validity of the L/C to August 31 and September 15 respectively to facilitate us to make shipment.请将信用证的装运期和有效期分别延至8

月31日和9月15日,以便我方装运该货

2.After checking the stipulations in the L/C, we regret to find that the L/C calls for shipment in October.But the contract stipulates for the shipment in November.Please extend the time of shipment and negotiation to November 30 and December 15 respectively.经核对信用证条款,我方遗憾地发现你方信用证要求10月份装运,但我方合约规定11月份装运,因此,务请把装运期和议付期分别延至11月30日和12月15日。

3.As to L/C No.689, we have instructed the iuing bank to extend the date of shipment and the validity of the L/C to September 30 and October 15 respectively.方已指示开证行将装运期和有效期分别延到9月30日和10月15日

4.According to the clauses of L/C No.308, we have presented full set of clean on board Bill of Lading and other documents to Bank of China, Fuzhou branch.我方已根据贵方第308号信用证条款,将全套清洁已装船提单连同其他单据提交中国银行福州分行。

5.As the date of shipment in the L/C is the same as the validity date of the L/C, please extend the validity of the L/C by 15 days more according to the stipulations of UCP 600.由于你方信用证装运期与有效期相同,请按惯例将信用证有效期延展十五天

6.As there is no direct veel this month, we ask to extend the validity of the L/C to May 31.由于本月没有直达轮,我方要求延长信用证有效期到5月31日。

Leon 22

1.The barcode should be attached on the hand tag and the upper right of the polybag.于挂卡上以及贴于胶袋右上角

2.We want the blouses to be packed each in a polybag, 12 dozen to a carton lined with waterproof paper.3.We can meet your special requirements for packing but the extra packing charges should be borne by you.

4.As suggested, we have improved our inner packing to meet the customers’ demand in your market.5.No warning marks are required in the wooden case.Leon 23

1.Please mark our initials ABC in a diamond, under which the port of destination and our order number should be stenciled or printed.请刷上一菱形,内刷我公司首字母ABC,其下

应刷目的港及我方订单号

2.Shirts packed in plastic-lined cartons are not so susceptible to damage by moisture as those packed in wooden cases.3.12 pairs are packed into a carton.The carton stickers should be attached on the side with 4.full quantity of the merchandise which,which has been packed and sealed into the container5.in accordance with the stipulations set forth in L/C No.KH40483NRIII.Translate the following sentences into English:

1.70% of the goods under Order No.2048 will be shipped in November, and the rest in 箱正在唛头的一面,供应商信息如下

4.Please make sure that cases are marked “Fragile” and “Handle With Care”.请确保箱子上标有“易碎品”,“小心搬运”字样

5.After examining, we find that 10 bags are packed without 5-ply strong paper bags, which are not in conformity with the stipulations in the contact, resulting in the damage in transit.发现约有10袋未按合同规定以五层坚固纸袋包装,以致在运输途中造成破损

6.The magnetic tapes should be packed in the polybag and sealed tightly with adhesive tape.带应包装在塑料袋里,并用胶带封紧 Leon 24

1.We must make it clear that with the different packing material, the packing expenses will be different.我们必须说明的是采用不同的包装材料,包装费用会不一样

2.The tea should be packed in international standard tea boxes, 24 boxes on a pallet, 10 pallets in an FCL container.3.All PO’s must be loaded separately.No mixing of PO’s within a container is permitted.所有的定单都要单独装框,同一个柜子不允许装几个PO的货

4.Considering the fragile goods and the expensive cost of packing, please use durable packing and economical packing.包装。

5.The greatest care must be given to packing and crating, as any damage in transit would cause us heavy loes.给我们造成严重损失。Leon 25

II.Complete the following sentences in English:

1.covering the readine of our goods under Order No.4832.contact our forwarder ----- MAERSK for shipment

3.Booking, 14 days prior to shipping to ensure the shipping space

December.

2.Due to the insufficient shipping space, the 10,000 metric tons of soya beans can’t be fully shipped in October.Please amend the L/C, allowing partial shipments.一万公吨大豆因舱位不够,无法全部在十月份装运,请请改信用证,允许分批装运

3.As you desire earlier delivery, you have to bear the extra freight.由于你方要求提前装运,额外的运费由买方承担

4.As our traditional Spring Festival is approaching, it will get harder to book shipping space.Please send shipping instructions at the earliest, so that we can book space earlier.的春节即将临近,订舱会比较困难,请尽早发送装运提示,以便尽早订舱

5.We are effecting shipment soon.The forwarder is the same as the one for last shipment.But we hope you could find another shipping company with lower quotations.运,货代跟上批货为同一家,但希望你们可以找一家报价更低的船公司

Leon 26

1.ship the goods with the first available ship next month 2.Because the goods will be tranhipped at Hong Kong 3.the shipment should be made in March or April 4.to delay shipment

5.take delivery of the goods, arrive at your port Leon 27 Dear Sirs,

Recently we have 20 cases of chinaware shipped to Rotterdam from Hong Kong.The measurement of each packing case is 5x5x4feet, with a gro of 250 kgs per case.

Please kindly inform the detailed information like the freight cost, ETD, ETA etc.We learn that S.S.Star will depart on Aug.10.But we expect the shipment with an earlier shipping date.Looking forward to your early reply.Best Regards,

Leon 28

1.You should effect the insurance since the transaction is concluded on FOB basis.我们按

2.For transactions concluded on CIF basis, we usually cover the insurance against All Risks for 110% of the full invoice value.保一切险

3.As the goods is not fragile with le poibility of damage in transit, it is enough to effect 1.We require you to make immediate shipment of the replacement for the damaged goods 2.so as to avoid any damage during transit

3.the shipment is not up to the quality standard of the samples and could not meet our customer’s requirement

4.we ask for a complete refund of the money and full compensation for all our loes Leon 32

1.Owing to your failure in shipment within requested time, we have to cancel the order and insurance against FPA.够了

4.Risk of breakage is a kind of additional risks and extra premium will be charged.一种特殊险别,要额外收保费

5.The premiums vary with the different insurance coverage.If any additional risks are added, extra premium will be borne by the buyer.其他险别,额外保费由买方负担 Leon 29

II.Fill in the blanks in their proper forms with the words or phrases given below: 1.cover insurance against All Risks 2.submit an insurance claim

3.cover the insurance for 110% of the invoice value 4.The goods are insured with our company 5.compensate for

6.arranged insurance on your behalf

7.covered the insurance at invoice value plus 10% 8.iue an All Risks policy

III.Translate the following letter into Chinese: Dear Jane,

我们确认收到了您昨天的电邮,要求我们为第304号订单投保发票价值的130%。 首先我们想要说明我们通常的做法是按发票价值的110%投一切险,产生的额外保费由买方承担。因此,增加20%的保险金额而产生的额外保费由您承担。

收到您的确认后我们将立刻投保。 Leon 31

reserve the right to lodge further claims.消订单,同时保留进一步追偿的权利

2.We regret to claim on your delay in tranhipment.The punctual shipment is of utmost importance to us.

我们很遗憾不得不对你们的转动延期误投诉,准时装运对我们至关重要

3.The goods you shipped are of extremely inferior quality and that our clients are unwilling to take delivery of the goods.We wonder if we should return them or keep them in our warehouse at your disposal.退回,还是要我们把货物保存在我仓库,留待你方处理?

4.We very much regret to learn of the shortage of 5 cases against S/C No.493.According to the bill of lading, these 500 cases were really loaded on the carrying veel.Consequently, we are not responsible for the matter and suggest your lodging a claim against the shipping company.箱货物确已全部装船,因此我们对此不负责任,建议你向保险公司提出索赔。

第15篇:外文及翻译

ZHEJIANG SHUREN UNIVERSITY

《学科前沿文献读写议》课程作业

学生姓名: 沈焱强 学

号: 201001013335 专

业: 工商管理 班

级: 工本103班

浙江树人大学管理学院

毕业论文题目:浙江农村养老保险调查分析 外文文献翻译

重新引入代际均衡:波兰养老保险制度

马立克:GóRA 威廉戴维森学院工作论文574号 2003年6月

摘要:波兰于1999年通过了新的养老金制度。这种新的养老保险制度允许波兰,以减少退休金支出(占GDP的百分比),而不是增加它 -正如预计的经合组织其他大多数国家。本文介绍了概念背景的新系统的设计。新系统的长期目的是确保人口代际平衡,不论情况。这需要稳定的国内生产总值的份额分配给整个退休一代。传统的养老金制度的目的,相反,在稳定的份额人均国内生产总值退休人员。在人口结构的变化观察到,在过去的一夫妻几十年,这历史性的尝试,以稳定为首占GDP的比重为退休人员严重的财政问题和经济增长负外部性,如观察许多国家。许多国家曾试图改革其养老金制度不同的方法来尝试解决这些不断增加的费用问题。虽然波兰改革采用了其他地方应用技术,它的设计不同于典型的做法和教训,结果是有希望的所有经合组织国家。本文介绍了这一理论和实际应用另一种方法,因此,新的波兰养老保险制度主要特点设计。

导言

人口结构的转型与政策过于短视一起造成了严重的问题在全世界许多国家地区的养老金。传统的要素养老金制度的设计包括对捐款的薄弱环节和利益缺乏超过该系统的成本控制。这些因素列入养老保险制度导致爆炸的设计成本,造成了负增长的外部因素和导致失业率持续高企。因此,养老金改革的追求现已在世界各地,特别是在欧洲的政策议程的顶部。然而,很少有国家能够在引进根本性的改革面积到了这个时候养老金。在这种情况下,改革的定义是至关重要的。对于本文的目的,“改革”是指改变系统,以消除而不是仅仅在边缘玩的贡献率时下绝大多数平均拥有多年的生活留下来住。 因此,上面的讨论表明,养老保险制度的目标已经改变了养老退休金系统(OA )的一部分。然而,非养老社会保障制度( NOA ),如残疾,保持风险有关,不论老化。这将导致社会保障体系的各部分的结论是,应采用分段,如收入(贡献)和费用(利益)可以连接到他们的目的完全随着时间的推移,各分部相互绝缘。

在这种方式中,决策者将能够看到各分部的社会保障体系,知道系统其他部分的风险,其收入和支出都被绝缘的当前状态,准确地反映了该分部的和共同的系统作为一个整体。社会保障体系,然后将一个OA段(养老金)和各的NOA段(残疾,生育,工人的补偿等等) 。这种业务和会计改革是最重要的一个深养老保

险制度改革的非财政的原因之一,并为决策者提供一个功能强大的工具来了解如何以及他们的社会保障体系,将满足其目标。 养老金:所提出的方法的总结

典型的养老金经济学,以及流行的讨论,使用下面的对立概念为思考中心基础养老金:

现付与资金;

公共与私人的;

多方面与多支柱。

本文提出了一种替代方法。这种替代方法,可以在以下四对对立的概念,总结了: 通用(强制覆盖整个人口)和部分(一组人自愿参与);

个性化(个人账户)与匿名(不)参与;

具体的任务/分段(OA与NOA)与多任务(OA和NOA混合在一个方案)社会保障组织;

金融(通过金融市场回报率)与非财务(通过真正的经济增长产生的回报率)。

有效的养老保险制度的一种方式,使内源性的设计,这意味着它会自动调整不干预外。系统只需要一个决定,即贡献率的初步选择。

基于比较的上面设置养老金的思维方式可以更好地描述和分析了养老保险制度是有用的。这种方法也可以让养老金讨论超越那些促进民办养老基金和那些促进所谓的现收现付制无望的争议。

在欧盟等和其它地方的政策制定者可以使用所提出的方法的时候,看着他们的养老金制度改革。

波兰新的养老保险制度的主要特点

波兰新养老保险制度的设计是一个很好的例子应用上述,介绍了在实践中的思维方式。命名为“安全系统通过多样性“1999年1月开始。它完全取代了以前的条例退休金的工作人口的大多数。设计新系统从从无到有提供了独特的机会,以避免复杂的系统。相反,新系统的设计是简单和透明。主要目标是设计一个系统可以是中性的,或者至少关闭经济增长无论对中立人口老龄化。新系统的设计不复制任何其他现有的养老保险制度在其他地方。很强的相似性,可以发现,只有到新的瑞典养老保险制度根据类似的原则,并开始在同一时间对同一,在这一总体框架波兰新系统采用了数字技术的概念在其他国家发展。这种新波兰养老保险制度的简要介绍对一般的系统经济性设计的重点,同时搁置最技术细节。 下面的子弹协助抓的波兰新概念的本质系统设计。 重点是普遍的养老保险制度的一部分;

分离,社会保障的养老从非养老部分的一部分社会保障和分割的收入流; 终止了以前的系统办公自动化的一部分; 创建一个新的办公自动化系统完全养老金个人账户的基础上; 权责发生制在办公自动化系统; 分裂两个帐户(第一帐户中的每个人的办公自动化捐款北区区议会,第二个帐户);

最小的两个补充养老年金顶部,如果他们的总和低于一定水平(资金,国家预算中)。

特别是有没有这样的元素作为一个“国家基本养老金”的制度。社会再分配的存在,但它被移动从退休金制度。养老保险制度的唯一的作用是提供一个有效的方法,对收入分配工作的一代人生命周期。对于整个社会保障体系的贡献率并没有改变。不过工人的工资是“票房注册”,以便向他们介绍他们的想法,付出的贡献的一部分,并建造了总成本的意识养老保险制度。因此,自1999年1月工人和雇主分担没有任何费用的捐款在捐款总额的大小真正的变化。该整个操作影响的百分比,但不是真正的金钱流动。因此新的系统是基于以前的系统相同的贡献流入。

结束语

为人们提供与社会保障- 包括消费融资的退休一代一代的产品进行的工作- 是非常高的名单在大多数国家的社会优先事项。这是社会的重要,特别是在欧洲。然而,传统的养老金制度的低效率在实现这一目标的提出风险。社会和民众主义言论向公众表明,改变内养老保险制度是危险的社会目标。在现实中,大多数国家在世界上,它是刚好相反。时间越长,传统的养老金制度是举起,在更多的社会造成的破坏性影响将被创建。波兰属于一个国家的非组,为众多的人准备我们的时间,即人口老龄化最严峻的挑战。新养老保险制度不仅将停止对养老保险制度的成本增加,但会也让他们减少。这将使更多的资源用于发展,这反过来也将有助于更强劲的增长,加双方的工作生活和退休一代的标准。波兰新的养老金制度的例子,以及瑞典之一,有趣的另一个原因。这种类型的系统有利于劳动力的流动,这是特别需要在欧洲。免费的劳工运动,就不可能实现如果从一国转移到另一个影响到退休后的收入预期。因此,在养老保险制度的中立性目标将有越来越多的欧洲重要整合。

外文文献原文

Reintroducing Intergenerational Equilibrium: Key Concepts behind the New Polish Pension System

By: Marek Góra William Davidson Institute Working Paper Number 574

June 2003

Abstract Poland adopted a new pension system in 1999.This new pension system allowsPoland to reduce pension expenditure (as a percent of GDP), instead of increasing itas is projected for the majority of other OECD countries.This paper presents theconceptual background of the new system design.The new system’s long-termbjective is to ensure intergenerational equilibrium irrespective of the demographicsituation.This requires stabilisation of the share of GDP allocated to the entire retiredgeneration.Traditional pension systems aim, instead, at stabilisation of the share ofGDP per retiree.The change in demographic structure observed over the past for acouple of decades and this historic attempt to stabilise the share of GDP per retiree ledto severe fiscal problems and negative externalities for growth, as observed innumerous countries.Many countries have tried to reform their pension systems indifferent ways to try to resolve the iue of these ever-increasing costs.Although thePolish reform uses a number of techniques applied elsewhere, its design differs fromthe typical approaches – and the leons and results are promising for all OECDcountries.This paper presents the theoretical and practical application of thisalternative approach and as such, the key features of the new Polish pension systemdesign.Introduction Demographic transition together with myopic policies has caused severe problems inthe area of pensions in many countries around the world.Elements of traditionalpension systems’ design include a weak link of benefits to contributions and the lackof control over costs of the system.Inclusion of these elements in the pension systemdesign led to the explosion of costs, caused negative externalities for

growth andcontributed to persistently high unemployment.As such, the quest for pension reformis now on the top of policy agendas around the world, and especially in Europe.However, very few countries have been able to introduce fundamental reforms in thearea of pensions to this time.In this case, the definition of reform is crucial.For thepurposes of this paper, “reform” means changing the system in order to removetructural inefficiencies – and not just playing at the margins with contribution rates and retirement ages to adjust the system’s parameters for short-term fiscal andpolitical reasons.Traditional pension systems have proven to be inefficient in providing societies withsocial security.At the same time attempts to cure these systems are hampered by alack of consensus on what could replace the traditional system.Discuions on thisiue involve confusion stemming from the ideological context of the discuionparticipants, as well as from overuse of such concepts as “pay-as-you-go” versus“funding”, or “public” versus “private”, while at the same time ignoring a number ofimportant economic iues.Furthermore, economists have traditionally ignored pensions.Designing and runningpension systems was left to non-economists, who were not extensively concernedwith how to finance pensions in the long-term or with how to counteract these pensionsystems’ negative externalities.The new Polish pension system belongs to very smallnumber of succeful attempts to apply modern thinking in the area of pensions.Thisdoes not mean – as some may aume – giving up social security goals.Rather, thekey idea was to give up the inefficient methods of delivering social security in orderto save its goals and principles.This paper consists of two parts.The first focuses on a discuion of general iuesthat need to be addreed when designing a pension system.These iues arepresented in a way that goes beyond the traditional way of thinking on pensions.In regards to this second part of the paper, it is important to point out that mostcountries in the current EU member states and candidate countries have pensionsystems that are eentially the same at the basic policy level.As such, the solutionsin one member state or candidate country can be expected to be the same.Like European states such as France, Germany, Italy, the Czech Republic, Hungaryand other European states, Poland and Sweden over the past decades and until the late1990’s developed inefficient, costly pension systems.As such, in part two of thepaper we shall examine how Poland has now succefully implemented the approachpresented in the first part of the paper, and created a fundamentally strong and neutralpension system. 8

Selected general iues Pension system design has to take into account a number of iues.Their fullpresentation and discuion goes beyond the scope of this paperThis paper presentsonly a list of the iues for consideration and the most important observations.The pension system: externalities versus neutralityThe description of a pension system depends strongly on both the aggregated andindividual viewpoint.From the aggregated perspective, the pension system is a way of dividing currentGDP between a part kept by the working generation and a part allocatedto the retired generation.From the individual perspective, the pension system is a way of income allocationover a person’s life cycle.The above holds irrespective to the technical method applied or the ideologicalviewpoint.The pension system – as defined above – is not necearily pay-as-you-goor funded.Such features stem from technical elements additionally applied on the topof the pension system, rather than from the system itself.If the pension system designaumes anonymous participation and a substantial scale of redistribution then weusually call this system pay-as-you-go.If the pension system design uses financialmarkets, then we usually call it funded.However, these two typically used concepts do not exhaust all poible combinationsof anonymous versus individualised participation and financial versus non-financialpension system design techniques used.The dualistic pay-as-you-go versus fundedapproach leaves aside the combination of individual participation in a system thatdoes not use financial markets.This approach also neglects the fact that usingfinancial markets means investment (pension portfolio consists of private equities) ordeferring taxes (pension portfolio consists of government bonds), which is obviouslynot the same.Adding redistribution or financial markets to the pension system generatesexternalities.These externalities can be positive and negative.Redistribution withinthe pension system can generate positive externalities if the system is inexpensive,namely the part of GDP allocated to the retired generation is not large.If theredistribution is large, then it generates negative externalities, such as contributing topersistently high unemployment and weak growth.Using financial markets causespositive externalities for growth if the pension system spends contribution money oninvestment.If the contributions are spent on government debt they may lead tonegative externalities similar to those of large redistributive system, namely more taxdistortions.This can happen if the rate of return on government debt is persistentlyabove the rate of GDP growth.There exists yet another option, namely 9

to bring the pension system as close toeconomic neutrality as poible.This option requires, among other things, combiningindividual participation in the system with dividing GDP between generations basedon real economy developments, such as has been done in Poland and Sweden.Demographic structure: consequences of the change .Irrespective of the pension system design technique used, the pension systemexchanges a right of the retired generation for a part of the product of the workinggeneration.The exchange can be organised in various ways and also the rights can beexpreed in various ways.In particular, the rights can be either traded in the financialmarkets, or defined in relation to some economic variables, or just based on politicalpromise.In all of these cases there is a kind of market for pension rights.The workinggeneration finances contributions in order to purchase the rights; the retiredgeneration sells the rights in order to get a part of the product of the workinggeneration.The various types of pension systems create an institutional framework forthis market.

Given the contribution rate, the demand side of the market is determined by the number of workers and their productivity.The number of retirees determines the demand side.However, if – as it is the case in traditional systems – pensions are administratively defined in terms of wages (replacement rate promised) then the pension system depends solely on the demographic structure.Even strong productivity growth cannot help in balancing the system’s revenue and expenditure.The general change of the demographic structure we see around the world has caused the pyramid scheme used for financing pension expenditure to no longer generate sufficient revenues.In consequence, previous minor inefficiencies have become devastating.Ageing turned the previous “pyramid-shape” demographic structure into a new “hut-shape” one, as illustrated in Figure 1. 10

The pension system strongly depends on the demographic structure of the population.There is no escape from this dependency irrespective of pension system technique used.Using financial markets do not make pension systems immune from this dependency.Financial markets do help, however, in adjusting the system to the current demographic situation by introducing an easy to understand and acceptable link between benefits and contributions paid.The general change of the demographic structure around the world has caused severe fiscal problems for many countries.This change can be seen also from the viewpoint of being able to achieve the traditional social goals of the pension system.In this regard, two important observations are worth mentioning:

In the past, the minority – nowadays the vast majority – of those who pay contributions to the system as workers, afterwards receive benefits as retirees.This means that in the active phase of the individual’s life, participation in the pension system is very similar to long term saving.As the goal is to provide for each individual, using the individual as the main accounting unit becomes a superior way to organize the pension system.

In the past, the pension system channelledGDP to the very old people who were unable to earn a living and finance consumption on their own.Nowadays people who retire are still able to work and earn, and they – on average have many years of life left to live.

As such, the discuion above shows that the objective of the pension system has changed for the old-age part of the pension system (OA).However, the non-old-age parts of social security systems (NOA), such as disability, remain risk related, irrespective to ageing.This leads to the

conclusion that the various parts of the social security system should be segmented, such that revenues (contributions) and expenses (benefits) can be tied to their purpose exclusively over time, and each segment insulated from each other. In this way, policy makers would be able to look at each segment of the social security system, knowing that its revenues and expenses have been insulated from the risks of other parts of the system and are an accurate reflection of the current state of that segment and together of the system as a whole.The social security system, would then be made of an OA segment (pensions) and various NOA segments (disability, maternity, worker’s compensation, and so forth).This operational and accounting reform is one of the most important non-fiscal reasons for a deep pension reform and would provide policy makers with a powerful tool to understand how well their social security system can and will meet its goals.Pensions: Summary of the proposed approach Typically pension economics, as well as popular discuions, use the following opposing concepts as a central basis for thinking on pensions:

Pay-as-you-go versus funding;

Public versus private; Monopillar versus multipillar.This paper presents an alternative approach.This alternative approach can be summarised in the following four pairs of opposing concepts:

Universal (mandatory covering the entire population) versus partial (voluntary participation of a group of people);

Individualised (individual accounts) versus anonymous (no accounts) participation;

Task specific/segmented (OA separated from NOA) versus multitask (OA and NOA mixed within one scheme) organisation of social security;

Financial (generating the rate of return through financial markets) versus nonfinancial (generating the rate of return through real economy growth).

The efficient pension system is designed in a way that makes it endogenous, which means it adjusts automatically without intervening from outside.The system needs only one decision, namely the initial choice of the contribution rate.

The way of thinking on pensions based on the above set of comparisons can be useful for better

describing and analysing the pension system.This approach can also let the discuion on pensions go beyond the hopele controversy of those who promote private funded pension funds and those who promote what is called the pay-as-you-go system.

As such policy makers in the European Union and elsewhere could benefit using the proposed methodology when looking at reforming their pension systems.

Key features of the new Polish pension system The new Polish pension system design is a good example of applying the abovedescribed way of thinking in practice.The system named “Security throughDiversity” started on 1 January 1999.It entirely replaced previous regulations on oldagepensions for majority of working population.Designing the new system fromscratch provided the unique opportunity to avoid complicating the system.Instead, thenew system design is simple and transparent.The main goal was to design a systemthat can be neutral or at least close to neutrality for economic growth irrespective ofpopulation ageing.The design of the new system does not copy any other pension system existingelsewhere.Strong similarity can be found only to the new Swedish pension systembased on similar principles and started on the same day.16 At the same time, withinthis general framework the new Polish system uses a number of technical conceptsdeveloped in other countries.This brief presentation of the new Polish pension systemfocuses on the general economic design of the system, while leaving aside mosttechnical details.The following bullets help in grasping the eence of the concept of the new Polishsystem design.Focusing on the universal part of the pension system; Separation of the old-age part of social security from the non-old-age parts ofsocial security ; and segmenting the flows of revenue; Termination of the part of the previous system; Creation of a new pension system, entirely based on individual accounts; Accrual accounting within the system; Splitting each person’s OA contributions between two accounts (first account – NDC, second account – FDC); Annuitisation of account values at the moment ofretirement; Minimum pension supplement on the top of both annuities if their sum is below certain level (financed out of the state budget).

It should be strongly streed that both accounts are annuitised at the same momentand play exactly the same role within social security.In particular there is no suchelement of the system as a “basic state pension”.Social redistribution exists but it hasbeen moved out from the pension system.The sole role of the pension system isproviding working generation with an efficient method of income allocation over theirlife cycle.The contribution rate for the entire social security system has not changed.Howeverworkers’ salaries were “groed up” in order to introduce to them the idea that theypay part of the contribution and to build their awarene of the overall cost of thepension system.As such, since 1 January 1999 both workers and employers share thecost of contributions without any real change in the size of the total contributions.Thewhole operation affected percentages but not real flows of money.Thus the newsystem is based on the same contribution inflow as the previous system.Final remarks Providing people with social security – including financing consumption of the retiredgeneration out of the product of the working generation - is very high on the list of social priorities in most countries.It is especially important in European societies.However, the inefficiency of traditional pension systems put achieving this goal atrisk.Social and populist rhetoric suggests to the public that changes within thepension system are dangerous for social goals.In reality, for most countries in theworld, it is just the opposite.The longer the traditional pension systems are held up,the more socially damaging effects will be created.Poland belongs to a non-numerous group of countries that are prepared for one of themost difficult challenges of our time, namely the ageing of the population.The newpension system will not only stop the increase of costs of the pension system but willalso allow for their reduction.This will leave more resources available fordevelopment, which, in turn, will contribute to stronger growth and the increase ofliving standards of both the working and the retired generation.The example of the new Polish pension system, as well as the Swedish one, isinteresting for yet another reason.This type of system contributes to labour mobility,which is particularly needed in Europe.Free movement of labour cannot be achievedif moving from one country to another affects expected retirement income.As such,aiming at pension system neutrality will be more and more important for Europeanintegration.

第16篇:英文求职信译国译民翻译公司

英文求职信

During the past then years, my experience has been concentrated in the masonry and plastering products supply industry with a building materials firm.During my six years as General Manager, I took an old line busine, which had undergone several years of poor management, and reversed the trend.I upgraded the firm\'s image, and customer and vendor relations, which subsequently increased the dollar volume and bottom line profits by 300%.

My employment background consists of twelve years at the Deacone Hospital, where I provide a wide range of administrative, financial, and research support to the Chief Executive Officer.I have a strong aptitude for working with numbers and extensive experience with computer software applications.

YOU REQUIRE: I OFFER:

A college degree A Bachelors degree in English from Long Island University

Fluency in Italian and French Fluency in Italian, German, and French

Office experience Experience as a receptionist at a busy accounting firm

Typing skills Accurate typing at 60WPM

Willingne to travel Willingne to travel

My work experience and my scholastic endeavors have thoroughly prepared me for employment in a firm that specializes in various segments of law.This fall and past summer, I have been working for a small general practice firm where I am entrusted with a great deal of responsibility.I write appellate briefs, memoranda in corporate, contract, and criminal law, and I draft complaints and answers.I also actively participate in attorney-client conferences by questioning clients and by

describing how the law affects the clients\' suits.

I offer extensive knowledge of five computer languages and strong management, sales, and sales support experience.As a Computer Specialist, I was responsible for the management of a center handling the complete line of Honeywell computers and peripherals for home and commercial use.In addition to a B.S.degree in Busine Administration, I will receive a certificate in Programming this May.

Please note that I am currently completing my senior year at North Dakota University and will receive my B.S.degree with a major in accounting and a

concentration in computer programming in May.Throughout school, and during full-time and part-time employment, I have continued to strengthen my focus in these areas.In addition, I have excellent problem-solving skills and feel that, if given the opportunity, I would be an immediate as well as a long-term aet to your firm.

I am presently a senior in good standing at New York University, due to graduate in May.I am pursuing a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in Journalism and a minor in both Economics and English literature am proficient in both WordPerfect and Microsoft Word for Windows, and am familiar with both IBM and Apple operating systems.I am presently working as a Research Intern for the Economics Division of Trade winds Publishing in Newark.

I have six years of experience, two as an apprentice and four as a licensed electrician, handling all kinds of electrical installations, working with electrical

contractors, and as a subcontractor.Presently I am investigating new opportunities in which to apply my education and experience with a well established company.I am capable of working independently or as a member of a team and feel confident of my ability to provide quality performance in any aignment that I undertake.

During the past fourteen years, my experience has ranged from senior auditor with Keane & Co.Peripherals to my current position as Vice-President/Controller of a $90 million, multi-plant CD-ROM manufacturing operation.I believe that my expertise and entrepreneurial insight can be utilized to the advantage of a growing enterprise with a need for effective and efficient financial management and cost control.As you will note, I have fifteen years of educational and media experience.I am proficient in the operation of a wide variety of photographic, video, and audio equipment.I am regularly responsible for proceing, duplicating

第17篇:求职信及简历样本

273 East Sixth Street

Bloomington, IN 47401

May 2, 2003

Ms.Laura Goldman

Personnel Manager

Action, Inc.

80 Roseville Road

St.Louis, Mo 63130

Dear Ms.Goldman:

I am seeking a responsible position as a financial aistant in which I may use my training to solve financial problems, I would be interested in exploring the poibility of obtaining such a position within your firm.

I expect to receive a Bachelor of Busine Administration degree in finance from Indiana University in June.Since September 1999 I have been participating, through the university, in the Profeional Training Program at Computer Systems International, in Indianapolis.In the program I was aigned, on a rotating basis, to several staff sections in apprentice positions.Most recently I have been a financial trainee in the Accounting Department and have gained a great deal of experience.Details of the academic courses I have taken are contained in the enclosed resume.I look forward to meeting you soon in an interview.I can be contacted at my office (812-866-7000, ext.312) or at home (812-256-6320).

Sincerely yours,

Carol Ann Walker

522 Beethoven Drive

Roanoke, Virginia 24017

November 15, 2002

Ms.Cecilia Smathers

Vice President, Dealer Sales

Hamilton Office Machine, Inc.

6194 Main Street

Hampton, Virginia 23661

Dear Ms.Smathers:

During the recent NOMAD convention in Washington, a member of your staff, Mr.Dale Jarrett, informed me of a poible opening for a Manager in your Dealer Sales Division.I believe that my experience background in the office machine industry qualifies me for the position.

I was with the Technology, Inc., Dealer Division from its formation in 1992 to its phrase-out last year.During this period, I was involved in all areas of dealer sales, both within Technology, Inc., and through personal contact with a number of independent dealers.Between 1994 to 1999 I served as Aistant to the Dealer Sales Manager as a Special Representative.My education and work experience are detailed in the enclosed resume.

I would like to discu my qualifications in an interview at your convenience.Please write to me or telephone me at 703-449-6743 any weekday.

Sincerely

Gregory Mindukakis

ANGELA WHITMAN

364 East Seventh Street

Bloomington, Indiana 47305

(912) 421-5765

EMPLOYMENT OBJECTIVE

Financial research aistant, leading to a management position in corporate finance.

EDUCATION

Indiana University (Bloomington)

Bachelor of Busine Administration (Expected June 2003)

Major: FinanceMinor: Computer Science

Dean’s List: 3.88 grade point average of poible 4.0

Senior Honor Society, 2002

EMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE

FIRST BANK (Bloomington, Indiana)

Research Aistant Intern, Summer and Fall Quarters, 2002.

Aisted manager of corporate planning and developed computer model for long-range

planning.

MARTIN FINANCIAL RESEARCH (Bloomington, Indiana)

Editorial Aistant Intern, 1999 to 2000.

Provided research aistance to staff and developed a design concept for in-house

financial audits.

SPECIAL SKILLS AND ACTIVITIES

Aociate Editor, Busine School Alumni Newsletter.

Wrote two articles on financial planning with computer models; surveyed busine

periodicals for potential articles; edited submiions.

President, Women’s Transit Program.

Coordinated activities to provide safe nighttime transportation to and from dormitories

and campus building.

REFERENCES

Available upon request.

Stephanie Porter

355 20th Ave.

Columbus, OH 43201

Telephone (614) 421-5650

Oct.1998 to presentOhio Star, Columbus, OH

Write advertising copy and solicited ads.

June--- Aug.1997

June---Aug.1996

June--- Aug.1995

Sept.1995--- June 1998

Sept.1994--- June 1995

Sept.1990--- June 1994

Scholastic honors:

Technical training:

Age30

HealthExcellent

Memberships

Hobbies

Ms.Helen Grim

Grim’s Variety Store

386 Washington St.

Somerville, MA 02143

Phone (617)628-0977The Mirror, Columbus, OHFull time proofreader (substituted for head proofreader, 1997).Grim’s Variety Store, Somerville, MAPart-time, 20 hours per week.Sales clerk (with stocking and pricing duties).Also made delivers and called in orders.Illinois State UniversityReceived B.A.in English, June 1998Springfield Community CollegeHolyoke High SchoolNicholas Evans Scholarship in English Literature, 1997-98Illinois State Scholarship, 1994-98Attended a two-week seminar on “Advertising in Today’s Marketplace,” sponsored by College of Busine and Murray County Aociation of Commerce and Industry.Married, one childWilling to relocateStudent Aociation for Women.Journalism Club (president, 1996-97)Photograph, swimmingDr.John LindsayMr.David ReedProf.of EnglishAdvertising ManagerIllinois State University682 Sumner St.Normal, IL 61761Akron, Oh 44311Phone (309)436-9903Phone (212)434-0520

CURRICULUM VITAE

NAME:Edward Lee Hornby

ADDRESS:1/F., Hang Lung Bank Bldg

46-48 Granville Rd.

Tsimshatsui, Kowloon

TELEPHONE:721-1428

DATE OF BIRTH:

MARITAL STATUS:

CITIZENSHIP:

EDUCATION:

August 2000

April 1994

WORK EXPERIENCE:

April 2001

to

Present

August 1998

to

April 2001

October 1995

toAug.8, 1972SingleU.S.Master of Busine AdministrationUniversity of Central Florida,Orlando, Florida 32816Bachelor of Busine AdministrationEast Michigan University,Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197International Education Services,Hong KongInstructorConduct education claes at different businees at various locations.Claes include: English Language, International Busine, Negotiation Skills, and Financial Statements.Tasco, Maitland, FloridaVice President of OperationsResponsible for complete operation of all home building and home remodeling activity.Duties included setting up budgets, hiring subcontractors, materials estimation, purchasing of materials, budget maintenance, and review of financial statements.U.S.Home Corporation, Maitland,Florida

July 1998Manager

Responsible for complete management of

construction site.Duties included setting up budgets,

hiring of subcontractors, supervision of actual

construction (Scheduling, quality aurance and

budget control), material estimation, and review of

financials at job completion.

May 1994Kelly Service, Orlando, Florida

to

October 1995

LAGUAGES:

INTERESTS:

REFEERENCES:

Account Representative/ Supervisor Responsible for evaluation, Hiring and placement of personnel in temporary positions.Established new accounts, serviced existing accounts, and maintained accounts receivable.Spanish, spoken and written (fluent) French, spoken (good)Cycling, traveling, fishing, language studiesAvailable/ Furnished upon request

第18篇:求职信 及个人简历表

求 职 信

院系:班级:学号:指导老师:姓名:

尊敬的领导:

您好!

感谢您能在百忙之中看完这份简短的求职信。我是一名应用电子技术专业的大学生,我很荣幸有机会向您呈上我的个人资料。在投身社会之际,为了找到符合自己专业和兴趣的工作,更好地发挥自己的才能,实现自己的人生价值,谨向各位领导作一自我推荐。现将自己的情况简要介绍如下:

作为一名电子专业的学生,我热爱我的专业并为其投入了巨大的热情和精力。在学校的生活中,我所学习的内容包括了从电子学的基础知识到运用等许多方面。通过对这些知识的学习,我对这一领域的相关知识有了一定程度的理解和掌握,我们所学的专业在当今社会中是非常有用的,同时也是必不可少的。在校期间,我大一时以良好的成绩通过了全国计算机信息高新技术(国家职业资格四级)考试合格证书,同时通过了英语三级。在各方面严格要求自己。学习态度端正,勇于探索,刻苦勤奋,成绩良好,努力建构自己的知识结构并充实完善它。同时,我大量汲取课外的知识,有时无课或有时间,我就会去图书馆看有关我们专业的书籍,使自己对专业有更好的掌握。因为我一直相信:只有不断地学习,才不会被社会所淘汰!我还参加了我所学专业的社团,在校充分的锻炼自己,使自己学到更多的知识,不只局限在自己

所学的专业上。在学校工作中,我加强锻炼处世能力,学习管理知识,吸收管理经验,同时使自己在管理方面加强。

在2012年6月底,我和同学一起去上海的电子厂实习,在实习中,使我学到了许多东西,从而我的处事能力得到了锻炼,这次的实习为我及时适应工作打下了良好的基础。在众多应聘者中,或许此刻我的学历,我的经验的不足,让您犹豫不定。但请您相信我的干劲、我的努力,我会用比别人更多的汗水换得将来的成功,我深信将来的我一定是最出色的。我热忱的期待在电子及其领域得到您的垂青和接纳。在不断的学习和工作中养成的严谨、踏实的工作作风和团结协作的优秀品质,使我深信自己完全可以在岗位上守业、敬业、更能创业!我相信我的能力和知识正是贵单位所需要的,我真诚渴望能为贵单位的明天奉献自己的青春和热血!

正处于人生中精力充沛的时期,我渴望在更广阔的天地里展露自己的才能,我不满足于现有的知识水平,期望在电子领域的实践中得到锻炼和提高,因此我殷切地希望贵公司能给我一个机会。我知道:一个青年人,可以通过不断的学习来完善自己,可以在实践中证明自己,如果我能喜获您们的赏识,我一定会尽职尽责地用实际行动向您证明:您们选择我不是过错误,我相信经过我自己的努力和奋斗,一定会为贵公司作出贡献。

感谢您们在百忙之中能抽空来阅读我的求职信,愿贵公

司事业蒸蒸日上,也祝您的工作顺利。

希望各位领导能够予以考虑,我热切盼望您们的回音。谢谢!

此致

敬礼!

您真诚的朋友:***2012年*月*日

个 人 简 历

姓名: 性别: 民族: 出生年月: 专业: 家庭地址: 邮编: 联系电话: 求职意向: 英语水平: 计算机水平: 实习工作经验: 自我评价:

第19篇:求职信及个人简历要求

求职信是求职者写给招聘企业的信函,通常与简历一起发送。它就像你写给目标企业的一封情书一样,内容要充分表达你对这份工作的看法和愿望,向HR证明你的个人特质与应聘职位的匹配度。为了避免流于自大与主观,求职信中要有节制地使用第一人称。

求职信内容虽短,却意义重大。但大家在求职过程中往往有忽略或不恰当使用求职信的经历。

1 求职信的基本结构

结构名称

内容

开头

自我介绍

一句简单的自我介绍,突出专业、实习经历等与雇主或职位相关的信息,也可提到你的职业目标

写信动机

写清求职意向。可适当加入你对该企业的了解与正面印象。可以提及你获取招聘信息的渠道,尤其是要体现你参加过校园宣讲

自我推销

单刀直入,直奔主题。直接给出企业应该雇佣你的主要理由。

根据我们在简历中准备的素材进行写作,不要不敢将自己的优势表达出来。优势不宜过多。两个为最佳

理由一:结合故事

结合之前的理由简单讲故事,第一个故事必须呼应企业的人才和职位要求 理由二:结合故事

结合之前的理由简单讲故事,第二个故事必须体现专业素质或某些独特的个人优势

客套话

赞赏企业、表达意愿

表示你对该企业的了解程度,并对其成绩、企业文化等表示赞赏

进一步行动的要求

在表示感谢的同时,最好以积极主动、肯定的语气说明进一步联络的愿望与方式 结尾

对HR表示衷心的感谢,常用结语:“感谢您在百忙之中阅读我的简历,很希望能获得与您面谈的机会”等

2 求职信的常用语言

写作求职信时有一些固定语言可以使用,下面将常用的中英文求职语言列出,供读者写作求职信时参考。根据上一节推荐的求职信结构,我们在这里着重介绍 五个方面:自我介绍、写信动机、自我推销、结尾、附件。当然,由于本书的读者众多,我不建议读者直接照抄下面的文字。这些文字是用来帮助你理解求职信写作 的语言技巧,写出属于自己的求职信。

(1)自我介绍

应届毕业生投出的求职信应该说明自己的教育背景,尤其是与应征职位有关的培训、专业课程、工作经验或特殊技能。如果缺乏实习经验,也可以采用相关的学术经验进行补充。参考例句:

I am an undergraduate student at the School of Economics and Management in Tsinghua University, I will gain my bachelor degree in engineering in July, 2010.

本人就读于清华大学经济管理学院,将于2010年7月获得工学学士学位。

I gained my bachelor degree in software engineering in August 2009, and have rich experiences in system development.

本人于2009年8月取得软件工程学士学位,在系统开发领域有丰富的实践经验。 My career target is to work as a journalist in a leading media company after graduating from school.

本人的职业目标是从事记者工作,很希望毕业后进入顶尖的媒体公司工作。

(2)写信动机

通常求职信是针对企业发出的招聘信息而写的,此时,信中须提到信息的来源。如果你参加过企业招聘的校园宣讲会,就更要通过求职信进行体现。有的工作 机会也可能是由朋友或师长推荐得来的;有时求职者不知某机构、公司有工作机会,

毛遂自荐。不论是哪一种情况,求职信上都应该说明写信的缘由和目的。参考例 句:

I attended your campus presentation yesterday and gained comprehensive insight into your company.I hope I can have the chance to work for your company and contribute to the future growth of your busine.

我通过昨天的宣讲会对贵公司有了深入的了解。我十分希望能够加入贵公司,相信我能够为贵公司的成长贡献价值。

I saw your information to recruit a software developer on

.It’s always been my dream to be a developer and I hope to apply for this position.

我在过来人求职网上看到了贵公司招聘程序员的信息。成为程序员一直是我的理想,我希望应聘这个职位。

(3)自我推销

这部分内容是求职信的核心,体现你的核心价值,直接关系到求职的成功率。但是也要注意一定要用最少的文字表达最多的意思。这部分要如何选择自身的优势和相应的事例进行写作,还是要参考企业招聘的具体要求。参考例句:

I have strong communication skills.I worked as a campus agency for Sony Ericon in undergraduate school.I sold 30 mobiles within a month.我有很好的沟通能力。大学期间,我曾担任本校索爱手机校园促销员,在一个月时间内,销售出30台手机。

I have strong team working experience.As a member of the Student Union, I led a team of 5 and succefully organized over 30 campus promotion events for leading companies.

我有丰富的团队协作经历。我在学生会工作期间,带领5名团队成员成功组织了超过30场企业校园推广。

I participated in the “academic star”competition and won first price in undergraduate school.My academic background is a good fit for your requirement for research capability.

大学期间,本人曾参加校园“学术新人”活动,并获得一等奖。我的学术背景刚好符合贵公司对研究能力的要求。

(4)结尾

求职信的结尾一定要再次呼应你求职的目标,希望并请求得到面试的机会。如果企业没有明确的规定,可以在信中要表明可以面谈的时间。成功的求职信决不是虎头蛇尾的,结尾一定要引起重视。一定要在求职信结尾对阅信人表示感谢。参考例句:

Thank you for reading my CV and hopefully, I can have a chance to

communicate with you.If convenient, I would like to contact you one week later to further discu any poible interview arrangement.

感谢您在百忙之中阅读我的简历,很希望能够获得与您面谈的机会。如果方便的话,我将在一周之后与您联系,确认面试的具体事宜。

I will be very grateful if I can have a chance to do an interview with your company.I believe my capabilities can fully meet your position requirements.

诚挚的希望你能给与我面试的机会,相信我的能力一定能够满足这个职位的要求。

I look forward to your reply.If I can have an interview opportunity, I’d be happy to visit you as required.It would be very helpful if we can further discu the position I applied for.

等待您的回信,如能获得面试机会,我将在您要求的时间拜访您,与您探讨我对本职位的一些想法与规划。

(5)附件

这部分的内容要视具体情况而定,如有详细的简历或招聘企业需要的材料附在求职信中时,需要在求职信中注明,引导面试管阅读。参考例句:

You will find enclosed an outline of my education and busine training and copies of two letters of recommendation.

特随函附上本人的教育与商务培训经历以及两分推荐信。

Enclosed please find a resume and a photo.

特随函附上个人简历及相片各一份。

A copy of my transcript is enclosed.

附寄成绩单一份。

Enclosed you will find a letter of recommendation from my former teacher of English.

随函附上我英文老师的推荐函。

第20篇:应征求职信格式及

求职信是一种介绍性,自我推荐的信件,它通过表述求职意向和对自身的概述引起对方的重视和兴趣(一般放在第一页)

一封好的求职信可以向阅读着说明你的才干,才会对你简历上所写的经历与业绩感兴趣,给人留下好印象。

一.求职信的格式:

主要包括:称呼、正文结尾署名、日期、附件等六大方面内容。

求职信的格式和内容见下表:

称呼:(尊敬的×××)

问候语:(您好!)

正文:

第一段:在此应写明此信的理由,应聘职位以及从何处得知招聘信息等。

第二段至第三段:叙述你的应聘动机和自己认为适合该职位的理由,如果有相关职位的技能,经历,应加以说明。不要详述一些经历,,只需提及详见简历即可。

结尾段落:感谢招聘者阅读此信,表示希望接受面试,并表明希望由对方安排面试,日期,地点等。

结尾:此致 敬礼

署名:泉州信息学院学生:×××

或(自荐人:×××)

x年×月×日

二.求职信的内容:

(1) 说明本人基本情况和求职信息的来源。

(2) 说明应聘岗位和能胜任本岗位工作的各种能力。

(3) 介绍自己的潜力。

(4) 表示希望得到面试的机会。

三.求职信的书写技巧:

1.态度真诚,摆正位置:

不应写自己需要什么,获得该职位对自己有什么好处,而应该写自己能为公司做什么?但要诚恳礼貌,切忌自吹自擂、炫耀浮夸、虚弱怯懦、缺乏自信也是不可取。

2.整体美观言简意赅:

如果你书写较好,建议手写,能给人以亲切感,同时可以展示你的特长,严禁字迹潦草,龙飞凤舞,或者采取打印。用A4纸张一页为宜(不能太短,也不能宜太长)做到内容言简意赅,用词得当,内容简练完美。

3.富于个性,有的放矢:

求职信重要目的:是力求吸引到对方注意,引起对方兴趣,力求避免客套话,空话。求职信的核心是自己能胜任工作的条件。

要有针对性,有的放矢。所以在动笔之前对用人单位要有所了解,以事实与成绩恰如其分,有针对性介绍和突出自己的特长。

4.以情动人,以诚感人:

如果求职单位在你的家乡,你可以表达为建设家乡而贡献自己聪明才智的志向。

如果求职单位在贫困地区,你就要充分表达为改变贫困地区面貌而奋斗的决心。

如果求职单位是教学单位,你就要充分表达献身教育事业的理想。

以情动人、以诚感人、即要态度诚恳、诚实、言出肺腑、内容实事求是、言而可信、优点突出、缺点不隐瞒、恭敬而不拍马、自信而不自大。

切忌以下六点:

(1) 错字连篇、主次不分,

(2) 长篇大论、无的放矢,

(3) 条理不清、逻辑混乱,

(4) 好度鹜远、炫耀浮夸,

(5) 过分谦虚、缺乏自信,

(6) 用词不当、礼仪欠缺,

示范求职信

尊敬的×××处长:

您好!

我是一名×××××××专业大学生,将于x年x月毕业参加工作(详细资料和简介附后)我一直关注贵单位的信息,终于在学校招聘栏中得知贵单位今年的招聘计划。我很愿意到贵单位工作,为其兴盛繁荣尽微薄之力。

现附寄一份本人简历请审阅,恳切希望您能给予答复!

一份耕耘,一份收获,数年寒窗不敢说硕果累累,但我自信掌握一定的专业知识和组织管理知识,并且主动与实践相结合,积累实际经验。我知道贵单位有团结一致的精神,有着朝气蓬勃的生机,我愿望化作一块闪亮的煤炭,投入这个蒸蒸日上的集体大熔炉中,贡献自己的力量。

若贵单位愿接收,我将不求安逸的环境,继续发扬自己吃苦耐劳和勤奋踏实的优良作风,努力工作,也愿意服从您的安排和调动,以良好的团队精神在贵单位的大家庭中,实现我的个人价值和社会价值完美统一!我深切地感谢和珍惜您和您同志们给我的这个机会。

我期待着在寒假能有一次面谈机会,盼望能接到贵单位的复信,祝您工作顺利!

诚祝贵单位:一切如意 万事大吉

此致

敬礼

求职人:

求职信及翻译
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