推荐第1篇：英语演讲稿有翻译
英语演讲稿范文有翻译
dear students, our way of life is always sunny, blue skies, which in the end the most dazzling ray of sunlight? it was said to be excellent academic performance, it was said to be given to help others ......and i think that our way of life of the most brilliant sunshine should be reported to belong to the temple map, help us to grow thanks to everyone.yes, the institute of thanksgiving is a feeling, the institute of thanksgiving, but also a character.as teachers and our students, the most important gratitude is a school.schools to give us a big growth stage of life: bright and spacious clarooms, new desks and chairs, air-conditioned and well-being, as well as multi-media facilities, has provided us with an attractive learning environment.read one book bright and clean rooms, provides us with knowledge of the marine tour; flat beautiful big playground, provided us with a good place for the exercise, and pottery room, computer room, dance room, multi-purpose hall, and so on, no school is not out of devotion to our selflelove!
however, in these beautiful places, often with some notes of discord.read books in one room, some students read the book, abandonment, i do not know the original release, there is more tear, using the phenomenon of the book; when the red and green and white artificial big playground to open it selfleembrace, and some of the scenes of discord hurt our eyes: a wide range of confetti, colorful tang zhi, and scattered in all corners of the shell seeds, chewing gum, etc.the list goes on of these!
students, please put your hand on his chest ask ourselves: \"i do a thanksgiving school?
students, let us now work together, with their good health habits to school thanksgiving, thanksgiving, so that the flowers on campus and open more beautiful.
亲爱的同学们，我们的人生之路总是阳光明媚,晴空万里，到底哪一缕阳光最耀眼?有人说是优异的学习成绩，有人说是给予别人帮助……而我认为在我们的人生路上最灿烂的阳光应该属于知恩图报，感谢帮助我们成长的每一个人，英语演讲稿范文有翻译，演讲稿《英语演讲稿范文有翻译》。 是的，学会感恩，是一种情怀,学会感恩，更是一种情操.
作为教师和学生的我们，最要感恩的就是学校了。学校给我们了一个人生成长的大舞台：宽敞明亮的教室，崭新的桌椅，冷暖空调、以及多媒体设施，为我们提供了一个优美的学习环境。窗明几净的图书阅览一体室，为我们提供了畅游知识的海洋;平坦美丽的大操场，为我们提供了锻炼身体的好去处，还有陶艺室，电脑室、舞蹈室、多功能报告厅等等，无不是学校对我们奉献出的无私的爱!
可是，在这些美丽的地方，却常常有着一些不和-谐的音符。在图书阅览一体室，有的同学看完书后，乱扔乱放，不知道放回原处，更有甚者还有撕书、拿书的现象;当红绿相间的人工大操场向我们敞开它无私的怀抱时，又有一些不和-谐的景象刺痛了我们的眼睛：各种各样的纸屑，五颜六色的糖纸，还有散落在各个角落的瓜子壳、口香糖等等这些举不胜举!
(www.daodoc.com) 演讲稿
推荐第2篇：英语优美句子(有翻译)
1 我的世界不允许你的消失，不管结局是否完美。
No matter the ending is perfect or not, you cannot disappear from my world.
2 爱情是一个精心设计的谎言 。
Love is a carefully designed lie.
3 承诺常常很像蝴蝶，美丽地盘旋然后不见。
Promises are often like the butterfly, which disappear after beautiful hover.
4 凋谢是真实的，盛开只是一种过去。
Fading is true while flowering is past.
5 为什么幸福总是擦肩而过，偶尔想你的时候就让回忆来陪我。
Why I have never catched the happine? Whenever I want you ,I will be accompanyed by the memory of...
6 如果你为错过夕阳而哭泣，那么你就要错过群星了 。
If you weeped for the miing sunset,you would mi all the shining stars.
7 如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。
If we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then I wish we had never encountered.
8 宁愿笑著流泪，也不哭著说后悔。心碎了，还需再补吗？
I would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry,when my heart is broken ,is it needed to fix?
9 天空没有翅膀的痕迹，而鸟儿已飞过 。
There are no trails of the wings in the sky, while the birds has flied away.
10 当香烟爱上火柴时，就注定受到伤害。
When a cigarette falls in love with a match,it is destined to be hurt.
11 人活着，总是要得罪一些人的，就要看那些人是否值得得罪。
When alive ,we may probably offend some people.However, we must think about whether they are deserved offended.
12 命里有时终需有，命里无时莫强求。
You will have it if it belongs to you,whereas you don\'\'t kveth kvetch for it if it doesn\'\'t appear in your life.
13 没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。
No one indebted for others,while many people don\'\'t know how to cherish others.14 永远不是一种距离，而是一种决定。
Eternity is not a distance but a decision.
15 在回忆里继续梦幻不如在地狱里等待天堂。
Dreaming in the memory is not as good as waiting for the paradise in the hell.
16 哪里有真爱存在，哪里就有奇迹。
Where there is great love, there are always miracles.
17 爱情就像一只蝴蝶，它喜欢飞到哪里，就把欢乐带到哪里。
Love is like a butterfly.It goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes.
18 假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。
If I had a single flower for every time I think about you, I could walk forever in my garden.19 有了你，我迷失了自我；失去你，我多么希望自己再度迷失。
Within you I lose myself, without you I find myself wanting to be lost again.
20 每一个沐浴在爱河中的人都是诗人。
At the touch of love everyone becomes a poet.
21 看看我的眼睛，你会发现你对我而言意味着什么。
Look into my eyes you will see what you mean to me.
22 距离使两颗心靠得更近。
Distance makes the hearts grow fonder.
23 如果没有相等的爱，那就让我爱多一些吧。
If equal affection cannot be, let the more loving be me.
24 爱是长在我们心里的藤蔓。
Love is a vine that grows into our hearts.
25 因为你，我懂得了爱。
If I know what love is, it is because of you.
26 爱情是生活最好的提神剂。
Love is the greatest refreshment in life.
27 有了你，黑暗不再是黑暗。
The darkne is no darkne with thee.
28 如果没有人爱我们，我们也就不会再爱自己了。
We cease loving ourselves if no one loves us.
28 治疗爱的创伤唯有加倍地去爱。
There is no remedy for love but to love more.
30 如果爱不疯狂就不是爱了。
When love is not madne, it is not love.
31 有爱的心永远年轻。
A heart that loves is always young.
32 爱情就像月亮，不增则减。
Love is like the moon, when it does not increase, it decreases.
33 灵魂不能没有爱而存在。
The soul cannot live without love.
34 生命虽短，爱却绵长。
Brief is life, but love is long.
35 爱比大衣更能驱走寒冷。
Love keeps the cold out better than a cloak.
36 没有了爱，地球便成了坟墓。
Take away love, and our earth is a tomb.
37 我的爱与你同在。
My heart is with you.
38 尽管还不曾离开，我已对你朝思暮想！
I mi you so much already and I haven\'\'t even left yet!
39 我会想你，在漫漫长路的每一步。
I\'\'ll think of you every step of the way.
40 无论你身在何处，无论你为何忙碌，我都会在此守候。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
41 热烈的爱情是不可抑制的渴望。
Paionate love is a quenchle thirst.
42 在这个世界上，男人最珍贵的财产就是一个女人的心。
The most precious poeion that ever comes to a man in this world is a woman\'\'s heart.43 没有你的日子就像一本没有书页的书。
Every day without you is like a book without pages.
44 爱很难投入，但一旦投入，便更难走出。
Love is hard to get into, but harder to get out of.
45 爱是一盏永不昏暗的明灯。
Love is a light that never dims.
46 愿你的爱乘着飞翔的白鸽，展翅高飞。
May your love soar on the wings of a dove in flight.
47 人活着总要爱一回。
She who has never loved, has never lived.
48 生命如花，爱情是蜜。
Life is the flower for which love is the honey.
49 两颗相爱的心之间不需要言语。
No words are neceary between two loving hearts.
50 在这世上珍贵的东西总是罕有，所以这世上只有一个你。
Precious things are very few in this world.That is the reason there is just one you.51 我的心因你而笑。
You make my heart smile.
52 为何好女孩总喜欢坏男孩？
Why do the good girls, always want the bad boys?
53 和你在一起就像在一个清爽的早晨漫步。
Being with you is like walking on a very clear morning.
54 爱永远不会嫌晚。
It is never too late to fall in love.
55 对于世界，你可能只是一个人，但对于某个人，你却是整个世界。
To the world you may be just one person.To the person you may be the world.
56 哪里有爱，哪里就有希望。
Where there is love, there are always wishes.
57 你不会因为美丽去爱一个女人，但她却会因为你的爱而变得美丽。
You don\'\'t love a woman because she is beautiful, but she is beautiful because you love her.
58 爱是永恒的，外表可能改变，但本质永远不变。
Love is something eternal; the aspect may change, but not the eence.
59 爱情不是数着日子过去，它让每个日子都变得有意义。
Love is not a matter of counting the days.It\'\'s making the days count.
60 拥有你美丽的爱情，太阳就永远明媚。
With the wonder of your love, the sun above always shines.
61 爱情是一方织巾，用自然编织，用幻想点缀。
Love is a fabric that nature wove and fantasy embroidered.
62 初恋是永生难忘的。
First love is unforgettable all one\'\'s life.
63 哪怕是最小的茅舍，对一对恋人来说都有足够的空间。
In the very smallest cot there is room enough for a loving pair.
64 情绵绵，爱无边。
Love without end hath no end.
65 爱情的话语全在双眼之中。
Love\'\'s tongue is in the eyes.
66 恋爱中，干傻事总是让人感到十分美妙。
In love folly is always sweet.
67 什么也瞒不过恋人的眼睛。
There is no hiding from lover\'\'s eyes.
68 爱所祈求的唯一礼物就是爱。
The only present love demands is love.
69 真挚恋爱过的心永不忘却。
The heart that once truly loves never forgets.
70 爱情的炽热胜过千万团的火。
Love warms more than a thousand fires.
71 你嫣然的微笑是我每日享受到的魅力。
Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic.
72 你的吻还在我的唇上发烫，从此我的日子变得如此美丽。
Your ki still burns on my lips, everyday of mine is so beautiful.
73 相爱的心息息相通，无需用言语倾诉。
Love understands love; it needs no talk.
74 不求情意绵绵，但求天长地久。
Love me little and love me long.
75 第一次听到你对我说\"我爱你\"，我的世界一瞬间鲜花绽开。
When the words \"I love you\" were said by you for the first time, my world blooms.76 爱情是无形燃烧的火焰。
Love is a fire which burns unseen.
77 不知道什么是忧伤，就不会真正感激幸福。
You cannot appreciate happine unle you have known sadne too.
78我的心因你而笑。 在这充满温馨的季节里，给你我真挚的祝福及深深的思念。一份不渝的友谊，执着千万个祝福，给我想念的朋友，温馨的问候在这快乐分享的时刻，思念好友的时刻，美梦成真的时刻，祝你—新年快乐，佳节如意!
You make my heart smile.In such a soft and warm season, please accept my sincere bleing and deep concern for you.For our ever-last转载自百分网http://，请保留此标记ing friendship, send sincere bleings and warm greetings to my friends whom I miso much.Wish you a happy new year and a good fortune in the coming year when we will share our happine, think of our good friends, and our dreams come true!
推荐第3篇：英语请假
请假（包含5个对话） 早退请假
1.
A:Profeor, I am going to need to leave cla early today.B：What is the problem?
A：I need to go to the airport to pick up a relative.
B：Are you planning on having someone take notes for you?A：Yes, I\'ve got that part covered.
B：When, exactly do you need to leave?
A：I don\'t need to leave until the very end of cla.
B：Fine, but next time try and not have to mi cla again.A：Thanks, Profeor.See you later!
B：See you later! Drive carefully.
2.
A：I am sorry, but I can\'t stay until the end of cla.
B：Where do you need to be that is more important than school?A：I have an appointment.
B：Do you have a plan to make up your mied work?
A：No, but I\'ll make sure someone helps me out this week with my mied work.
B：Are you going to go right away?
A：I am leaving right now.
B：All right, but please remember that it is your responsibility to catch up.A：Thanks, Profeor.I\'ll make sure everything gets taken care of.B：Goodbye, and try not to mi any more school.
缺课请假
1.
A：I have to mi school next week.
B：Isn\'t there some way you could work your schedule out to be here?A：Unfortunately, this is what I have to do.
B：How are you going to catch up?
A：I\'ve got it all covered.
B：If you mi this cla, you will have used up your quota for the semester.
A：Don\'t worry, this will be the last cla I mi.
B：Make sure to remind me right before you are absent.
A：I\'ll remember.
B：Enjoy your day off and don\'t forget to study!
2.
A：Profeor, I will not be here for our next cla meeting.B：Is this absolutely neceary?
A：I tried to work something out, but I really do have to mi one cla.B：Will you be able to make up the work you mied?
A：I\'m going to be doing a lot of extra reading.
B：Remember that I will only let you mi one cla meeting per semester.
A：Yes, I remember.
B：Could you e-mail me this week as a reminder?
A：Sure, no problem.
B：Make good use of that day off; you\'ll only have one this semester!3.
A：Excuse me, Profeor.I am going to mi next week\'s cla.B：Is this something that you could schedule for another time?A：No, I have to do this; it\'s important!
B：Have you arranged for someone to take notes for you?
AI\'ve made arrangements with a friend to help me.
B：You know that I only allow one absence per semester, don\'t you?A：Yes, I know.
B：Write down your name and the date on a piece of paper and give it to me.
A：OK, I can do that.
B：Well, have a good day off from cla.
推荐第4篇：英语请假
taking a leave of absence
respected leaders:
i am xx sector xx, because xx ( events ) to leave xx days ( xxxx xx month xx day to xx day ).please approve!
applicant: xxx
xxxx xx month xx day
format three formal filing application for leave, both parties to provide evidence for a formal degree, higher for single.
staff leave single ( a )
name: job number: title: agent:
department: frequency: groups:
leave for
sick leave- marriage funeral
fake maternity leave military servicevacation
absence from month to month day during a day
general manager personnel manager department manager for people
staff leave single ( two)
name of branch post
leave category
- leave ( or false )leave
leave time
since the year month day year month day in total when to leave the day hour
departments of views
- aociate supervisor signature
forbid ( please state the reasons.)
post date
aistant engineering please fake single (three )
please leave a single storage root
number name name reason to leave leave time agency
unit: id: year month day
please leave agent charge d\'affaires matters
sign
sick leave ( since the disease to fill in name )
leave time family family films selected home repair house would do false friends
since the month day hour
to month day hour
maternity leave of spousal bereavement parent parent bereavement grandparents bereaved married i married funeral leave
total day
proof of special leave public wound compulsory labor education called public holiday
description: 1 leave according to reason in the appropriate column row hook can be.leave one should find ready agents, and requests the agent signature.absence and leave accrual rules according to the personnel management regulations.the nuclear transfer units holiday registration department search.
company employees leave application form (the form)
year, month and day
leave name name id department post
please leave
by the month when the noon time points
june lunch when the total days branch branch
ask for leave
categories must specify the type of leave, otherwise according to leave proceing..
staff leave single ( a )
name: job number: title: agent:
department: frequency: groups:
leave for
sick leave- marriage funeral
fake maternity leave military servicevacation
absence from month to month day during a day
general manager personnel manager department manager for people
staff leave single ( a )
name: job number: title: agent:
department: frequency: groups:
leave for
sick leave- marriage funeral
fake maternity leave military servicevacation
absence from month to month day during a day
general manager personnel manager department manager for people
staff leave single ( two)
name of branch post
leave category
- leave ( or false )leave
leave time
since the year month day year month day in total when to leave the day hour
departments of views
- aociate supervisor signature
forbid ( please state the reasons.)
post date
推荐第5篇：小学生英语一分钟演讲稿有翻译
hello! everyone.i’m tony, an 11-year-old happy boy.i live with my parents and we love each other. i have many hobbies, such as sports, singing and reading books.and i love animals most.now i will tell you about my favorite animal. they are very precious sea animals with long bodies.theylive on fish, shrimps and so on.they are very clever.people often train them for performances which brings us a lot of happine and joy.they are very friendly and peaceful.they never attack people.instead, they have saved many people in danger. now,do you know what they are? yes, you are right.they are dolphins. i hope we can take actions to protect dolphins, so they will always be with us.篇2：3分钟英语演讲稿带翻译3篇 my chinese dream 我的中国梦 i am very glad to stand here to give thier a short speech.today my topic is that the youth are the future of motherland 很高兴站在这里做这篇短小的演讲，我演讲的主题是青年是祖国的未来。
在准备英语演讲比赛的时候，我本想简单地从网上搜索一些文章作为我演讲的内容。我看过很多文章，有著名主持人的、北大教授的、大学生的，也有初中生的。但是看完之后，我放弃了当初的想法，我甚至为当初的想法感到有一些羞愧。因为今天我站在这里向大家演讲的主题，是一个庄重而严肃的主题；是一个充满荣耀与自豪的主题；是每一个中华儿女共同期盼的主题。每个人都有属于他们自己的中国梦，而我，当然也有一直萦绕在心怀只属于我的中国梦。
so what?s my chinese dream ? finally i will announce. we had learned a lot of knowledge and understood a lot of truth in the book.we had a basic concept to our country at that time.we know that our country is full of sunshine , and we are the future of our country, and our dreams are to be the hope of our motherland. 我的中国梦是什么样的？先卖个关子。
记得刚刚上学那会儿，我们天真无邪。在课本里，我们学到了很多很多知识，也明白了很多很多道理，我们对祖国也有了一个最基本的概念。我们知道我们的祖国到处充满阳光，正在慢慢发展，而我们，就是祖国未来的花朵，未来的希望。我们梦想将来能够成为祖国的希望。
这，是我们最初的中国梦。最真诚的我们，最真诚的梦。
但是，不知道什么时候开始，我们长大了，生活似乎一下子变得和以前不太一样了，与此同时，虽然我们很不想承认但是却又不得不承认的是，我们的思想，我们的为人处世观，我们对我们祖国的看法，也潜移默化中慢慢开始了转变。我们的社会变得到处充满欺骗、冷漠、勾心斗角、压力、腐败、险恶，我们变得暴躁，不冷静，愤世嫉俗。我们的国家，似乎也开始变得千疮百孔。而好多我们亲爱的祖国委以重任培养的青年学生们变得轻浮、急躁，更别提什么梦想，什么中国梦了？ are we sick, or is our dear motherland sick? 我很惊讶，当大街上有老人摔倒，我们不敢再去扶起；我很难过，当有人做了好事被报道，更多的人说他做作；我很伤心，当我看到我们众多的青年人变得冷漠、市侩、欺诈以及缺乏理想。
到底是我们病了，还是我们亲爱的祖国病了？ i dont want to talk about the construction of our country politics, and also speak impaioned speech on the diaoyu island event .i just want to appeal young people,showing the side of youth,good and confidence.we must learn to organize our own thoughts, correct our own concept, and change our direction to the right side in future life.china dream actually lies in our young generation, especially of the intellectuals. 我的中国梦，不想大谈政治，也不想对钓鱼岛事件发表慷慨激昂的演讲。我只想呼吁，呼吁我们年轻人，呼吁我们祖国的希望能够将我们的青春一面，将我们的善良一面，将我们的自信一面好好展现出来。我们要学会整理自己的思想，端正自己看问题的观念，摆正自己的人生方向。我们的中国梦实际上正掌握在我们自己手上，掌握在我们年青一代，尤其是知识分子手上。
也许，一个人，是渺小的；但是当他和祖国联系起来时，就是伟大的。也许，一个梦想，是渺小的，但是当它成为祖国的梦想时，就是不可估量的。也许，我无法用自己一个人的力量撬起整个中国，但是我们千千万万年轻人一起为祖国的梦想去奋斗时，我们的祖国就足以令世界颤抖、动容。 i dream to construct our beauty china with millions of young people who have the same dream.we do it without exaggeration but only with persistence. 我梦想和万千具有相同梦想的年轻人去建设我们的美丽中国，没有虚浮，只有执着，只有奋斗，只有勇于担当。这就是我的中国梦！ that is my speech,thanks everyone. 我的演讲就到这里，谢谢大家。 we are the world ,we are the future 世界是我们的，未来是我们的 someone said “we are reading the first verse of the first chapter of a book, whose pages are infinite”.i don?t know who wrote these words, but i?ve always liked them as a reminder that the future can be anything we want it to be.we are all in the position of the farmers.if we plant a good seed ,we reap a good harvest.if we plant nothing at all, we harvest nothing at all. 一些人说?我们正在读一本无穷的书中的第一章的第一节。?我不知道谁写了这些话，但是我一直很喜欢它，因为它提醒了我，我们能够创造我们想要的未来。 we are young.“how to spend the youth?” it is a meaningful question.to answer it, first i have to ask “what do you understand by the word youth?” youth is not a time of life, it?s a state of mind.it?s not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips or supple knees.it?s the matter of the will.it?s the freshne of the deep spring of life. 我们都是农夫。如果我们播下好的种子，我们将会丰收。如果我们的种子很差，有很多草籽，收割的将是无用的庄稼。如果我们什么也不播种，什么收获也没有。 youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease.this often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 .nobody grows old merely by a number of years .we grow old by deserting our ideals.years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul .worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust . 我们是年轻的。?怎样度过青春??这是个有意义的问题。为了去回答它，我首先要问?从‘青春’这个词中你能理解到什么?? 青春不是人生的一个时期，而是精神的一种状态。青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，。青春是生命的深泉在涌流. whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being ?s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what?s next and the joy of the game of living .in the center of your heart and my heart there?s a wirele station : so long as it receives meages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young . a poet said “to see a world in a grain of sand, and a heaven in a wild flower, hold infinity in the palm of your hand, and eternity in an hour.several days ago, i had a chance to listen to a lecture.i learnt a lot there.i?d like to share it with all of you.let?s show our right palms.we can see three lines that show how our love.career and life is.i have a short line of life.what about yours? i wondered whether we could see our future in this way.well, let?s make a fist.where is our future? where is our love, career, and life? tell me.yeah, it is in our hands.it is held in ourselves. 一位诗人说?从一粒沙看世界，从一朵花看天堂，把无限放在你的手掌，永恒在一刹那里收藏?。几天前，我有了一个听讲座的机会，从中我学到了很多东西。现在，我想把这些与大家共享。让我们伸出右手，我们可以看到手掌中的展示我们的爱，事业和生活的三条线。我在生活方面这条线很短，那你们的呢?我想知道我们是否可以用这种办法去看我们的未来。好的，让我们一起握拳。我们的未来在哪儿?我们的爱、事业和生活在哪儿?告诉我!是的，它们就在我们的手中。它们被我们自己掌握着。 we all want the future to be better than the past.but the future can go better itself.don?t cry because it is over, smile because it happened.from the past, we?ve learnt that the life is tough, but we are tougher.we?ve learnt that we can?t choose how we feel, but we can choose what篇3：精选小学生英语演讲稿6篇下载[1] 1.学生两分钟英语演讲稿 good morning everyone, today is my turn to the speech.first of all, i would like to say that a quick test, we hope that the good preparation, good test for all, is the only way home for a good year.my english is not high, i wish i could within the next two years to learn english well.i hope you will be able to learn english after graduation to have a good future.finally, i wish the students and teachers a happy new year, further study and work.well! i finished the speech.thank you for listening。
大家早上好，今天是轮到我讲话。首先，我要说的是，快速测试，我们希望很好的准备，良好的测试的所有，是唯一回家的路上有一个良好的一年。我的英语水平不高，我希望我能在未来两年内学好英语。我希望，你将能够学习英语毕业后有一个美好的未来。最后，我祝愿学生和教师的快乐新的一年里，进一步研究和工作。好!我完成了讲话。谢谢你听。 2.英语两分钟自我介绍演讲稿 hello,everyone! today i am very happy,because i can talk about with you.you see i am e their lives because of water.if we take good care of our earth today,it will be more beautiful tomorrow. my dear friend let us start from the trivial side,to be a good kid keeper. 3.小学英语3分钟演讲稿 my favourite super star is jj , he has a lovely dimple and his eyes are also very lovely .now let me tell you the story about jj . he enterde the music indestry at the year 2004 , before that year ,he was only a boy who wrote songs for many super stars ,his songs were liked by many people but no one care who was the writer .he was noly hard to write songs because he like music ,he thought music has it soal , if you sing it by heart , it well be lived . now he is not rather a shy singer and performer , the lyrical songs make him mature ,and now he is a man or not a boy . he is a real super star with many fans ,the improve mark a big step forward confident . 4.i love english 我喜欢英语 i love english my honorable teachers , my beloved schoolmates.good morning everyone， may i have your attention，please? i am glad to be able to give a lecture on this claroom.this once , i want to talk about english.my topic of conversation is that i love english. but for myself,i learn english not only because of its importance and its usefulne,but also because of my love for it.when i learn english, i can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world.when i read english novels,i can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.when i speak english, i can feel the confident from my words.when i write english,i can see the beauty which is not the same as our chinese... i love english,it gives me a colorful dream.i hope i can travel around the world one day.with my good english, i can make friends with many people from different contries.i can see many places of great intrests.i dream that i can go to london,because it is the birth place of english. i also want to use my good english to introduce our great places to the english spoken people,i hope that they can love our country like us. i know, rome was not built in a day.i believe that after continuous hard study, one day i can speak english very well. if you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable.so i believe as i love english everyday , it will love me too. i am sure that i will realize my dream one day! thank you! 5.小学生英语演讲比赛稿：our school我的学校 in our school, our teachers work hard and help us with our leons.we study hard and listen to teachers carefully.after cla, our teachers play with us and we feel very happy. our school is so nice and our teachers are so kind.we all love them.dear friends, do you like them? thats all.thanks! 早上好，我亲爱的老师和朋友们!我的名字是李bingke ，来自一流的四个? 5 。今天，我很高兴到这里来。我的主题是“我们的学校” 。 我亲爱的朋友，欢迎来到我们的学校!我的学校是一个很漂亮的!它有一个大操场。我们可以发挥，也有一些运动。附近的操场，有一个花园。许多树木和花草在那里。因此，空气很干净，我们可以听到鸟儿在树上歌唱。这是如此美妙。我们的教学楼是周围的花园和看起来像我们的老师的怀抱欢迎我们。我们可以画画的美术室一楼和阅读故事书在图书馆的二楼。我的教室在三楼。这是清洁和光亮。我们要研究它。电脑室是五楼。我们可以唱歌跳舞的音乐室六楼。什么有很多乐趣!我们可以在食堂午餐附近德芳教学楼。
在我们的学校，我们的教师努力工作，帮助我们与我们的经验教训。我们努力学习，认真听取教师。下了课，发挥我们的教师与我们联系，我们感到非常高兴。
我们学校是太好，我们的教师是太好了。我们都爱他们。亲爱的朋友们，你喜欢他们吗? 6.a forever friend小学英语演讲a forever friend sometimes in life you find a special friend someone who change you life just by being part of it someone who makes you laugh until you can not stop篇4：小学生英语演讲稿
一个快乐女孩(a happy girl) im a happy girl.my english name is kitty.are you happy? im very happy.i have a good friend.her name is cheng xin ting.she has a pair of big eyes.i like her. i like english.my birthday is in november.im a good girl.im ten years old.im in cla seven grade four.my teachers name is yao hui feng.she is a good teacher!i like her. what color do you like? i like pink and perple.i want a rabbit for my birthday.i like to eat hambuger.i like to go to shool. i have a good mother.i have a good father.oh,no!im hugry! mumy! im hugry! good bye! 我的可爱老师(my lovely teacher) 我们班有个可爱的老师，我们学生都把他当成我们的朋友，我们愿意把自己的喜怒哀乐告诉他，他不仅在学习上帮助我们，也会在其它事上指导我们，我很高兴有这样的老师。 本文译文： there is a lovely teacher in our cla.we like him as our friends.we would like to tell him everything, happine and sadne.he helps us on our leons and guides us on other things.i am happy to have such a good teacher. 最好的朋友(best friends) i have many friend.do you know who they are?are they my pet? no.are they my clamates?no.let me tell you:they are my favourit book. i like books very much.i like reading science book,cartoonbook so on.not only let me know how wonderful the word is but also teach me how to be a good person in the society,they give me great pleasure.i love books! 美丽的老师(sweet teacher) my english teacher is ms peng.her eyes are big, her mouth is small, and her hair is long.she is very young and pretty. she likes cakes and chocolate.she often plays games with us. we all like her and her english cla.she loves us very much.she is a good teacher. 秋天的颜色(the colour of autumn) look ! birds are flying from the north to the south.the leaves are yellow.some are hanging on the trees, some are on the ground ,some are dancing in the wind.someone would say autumn is yellow. there are so many fruits in autumn in xinxing .pears ,peaches.mangos, oranges and so on.theyre fresh and healthy. oh! i see.autumn is a harvest season.autumn is colourful.what a beautiful season !篇5：小学生英语演讲稿：我的梦想 my dream 凉州区中坝镇中坝小学 俞晓凤 good afternoon everyone: my name is yu xiao feng.i’m twelve years old，i’m from zhongba primary school. everyone has a dream，now ill talk about my dream，what is my dream? i often ask myself. now i am a young girl with a new dream——to be a doctor.i want to be a famous doctor, helping the sick and saving their lives.why has my dream changed? well, at the age of 11 i was ill, badly ill.i had to leave both my school and my friends and go to the hospital.every day i suffered the troubles caused by this illne. i want to try my best to help the poor treat an illne.i want to let them have an opportunity to receive excel-lent treatments for their illnees without having to pay much or any money. ill do every bit to cure the incurable.i hope to see a world, where there is no fatal diseases.im confident that through the joint efforts of you and me, man will put an end to his bodily sufferings and this dream of mine will one day be brought into reality. 我的梦想
我的名字是俞晓凤。我12岁了，我来自中坝小学。每个人都有一个梦想，现在我将谈论我的梦想，我的梦想是什么？我常常问自己。
现在我是一个年轻的女孩，一个新的梦想——成为一名医生。我想成为一名著名的医生，帮助病人和挽救他们的生命。为什么我的梦想改变了？在11岁的时候我病了，病得很重。我不得不离开我的学校都和我的朋友去医院，我每天都遭受病痛。 我也看到一些人受苦。我下定决心要成为一名医生，这样我可以帮助病人和他们治愈的疾病。
我想尽力帮助穷人治病。我想让他们有机会接受治疗他们的疾病，而不必支付多少钱。
我做的每一点都是为了治愈不治之症。我希望看到一个没有疾病的世界。我相信，通过我和你们的共同努力，人类将结束他的身体痛苦，我的梦想总有一天会实现。
推荐第6篇：英语请假信
病假条 A Sick Note
To: Liu Yang
From:Lynn Wang
Date:May 2,2012
Subject: Sick Leave of Absence
Dear Mr.Liu,
Yesterday afternoon, I went swimming because of the hot weather.Unfortunately, I caught a cold and I felt a headache.This morning I went to see the doctor.He told me to take two days off and have a good rest.Therefore, I would like to know if I could ask for a sick leave of absence from today to tomorrow.The day after tomorrow, I will come back to school.
亲爱的刘老师：
昨天下午，由于天气炎热我去游泳了。不幸的是，我感冒了，而且有点头痛。今天早上我去看医生了，他要我休息两天，好好休息。因此，我想知道我可不可以请今明两天的病假。后天我就可以回学校了。
推荐第7篇：请假有工资吗
请假有工资吗
病假工资支付标准：根据员工在本企业的工龄按下述比例支付
1.工龄不满2年者，为本人工资60%;
2.已满2年不满4年者，为本人工资70%;
3.已满4年不满6年者，为本人工资 80%;
4.已满6年不满8年者，为本人工资90%;
5.已满8年及8 年以上者，为本人工资100%，请假有工资吗。
三、病假期间工资计算基准：所有月薪工人以月薪为计算基准，所有计件工人则以其过去三个月的平均工资为计算基准。但工人所有之工资不低于最低工资的80%，如果低于此标准的，以最低工资的80%计发。
月工资/21.75=每日工资数。
劳动法规定一周工作时间40小时，5天制就是每天8小时。你如果超了，就要算加班费了。如果公司不能安排调休，就要付加班费了。请假扣款按照请假的性质扣款标准不同的
在2007年1月份，实际工作天数是23天，你所在城市最低工资是600，那600的80%是480，480/20.92=22.94，你病假期间的4天工资是22.94*4=91.76，该月份其他工作天数的工资计算：3500/20.92=167.3，19天为167.3*19=3178.78，那么你在该月份的工资应该为3178.78+91.76=3270.54，当然这是含税的。
国定假一周休两天，那么按一月31天来算，你应该上班23天.个人认为3500除以23再乘上4，所得就是你该扣的钱.你的公司有什么事先已明文规定的奖罚条文，你也要考虑进去.
最好问问人事科，因为相关的公司及法律条文他们是最清楚的.也有回答你的职责.
a.制度工作时间的计算：
年工作日：365天-104天(休息日)-11天(法定节假日)=250天
季工作日：250天÷4季=62.5天/季
月工作日：250天÷12月=20.83天/月
b.日工资、小时工资的折算：
工作小时数的计算：以月、季、年的工作日乘以每日的8小时，范文《请假有工资吗》。
日工资：月工资收入÷月计薪天数
小时工资：月工资收入÷(月计薪天数×8小时)。
月计薪天数=(365天-104天)÷12月=21.75天
c.请假应扣工资的计算：
实际请假的工作时间(小时)×小时工资
实际请假的工作时间(天数)×日工资
基本工资/当月天数*(当月天数-请假天数)不合理;
职工全年月平均制度工作天数和工资折算办法分别调整如下：
一、制度工作时间的计算
年工作日：365天-104天(休息日)-11天(法定节假日)=250天
季工作日：250天÷4季=62.5天/季
月工作日：250天÷12月=20.83天/月
工作小时数的计算：以月、季、年的工作日乘以每日的8小时。
二、日工资、小时工资的折算
按照《劳动法》第五十一条的规定，法定节假日用人单位应当依法支付工资，即折算日工资、小时工资时不剔除国家规定的11天法定节假日。据此，日工资、小时工资的折算为：
日工资：月工资收入÷月计薪天数
小时工资：月工资收入÷(月计薪天数×8小时)。
月计薪天数=(365天-104天)÷12月=21.75天
推荐第8篇：翻译英语
With an elevation of more than 2000 meters, Lily bulbs, planted by cooperatives,is found in Er’yin mountains of Guan mountain, which is the provenance belonged to Lan Zhou reserve and in the east of Yong Jing county, Gan Su province.Owing to the unique geography in Guan mountains, the period of Lily growth is five years, therefore, all the products here are characterized by white color luscious taste,and full petals.Lily contains so much nutritional goodne such as amylum, proteide, fattine, sweets, calcium, phosphorus,iron, colchicin and other alkaloids.Besides, the dietary property and the officinal value of this flower are extremely high.This flower could also bring the positive effects:antipyretic, antidotal, moistening lung, improving looks, relieving cough and reducing sputum, calming the nerve.Lily has been the superb cuisine among commons as well as in the state banquet from the ancient times; known as “the superb in cuisine, the panax in dishes”, Lily is the first for junketing and presenting.
推荐第9篇：有翻译的女朋友道歉信英语作文
dear_____, i feel terribly sorry about this. once again, i am very sorry for any inconvenience caused.i will be really appreciated if you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. yours sincerely _________ 亲爱的_____，（对方姓名）
我写这封信以表达我的道歉 ______________（道歉原因）。
对此我深感抱歉。
我再次对给您造成的任何不便深感歉意，希望您能理解我的处境并接受我的道歉。
谨启
_________（自己姓名）篇2：英文致歉信_范文 道歉信 letter of apology 我们在工作或生活中，有时难免会犯一些错误，写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以下内容：表示歉意；道歉的原由；出现差错的原因；提出弥补措施；请求原谅。写道歉信的语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。
写作三步走：
表示歉意->说明具体原因、提出补救办法->再次致歉、希望得到理解 tips: 在写作过程中，尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分。
在解释完原因后，尽量提供一个合适的补救办法，使行文更加完满。
订阅收藏《考研英语写作范文100篇》系列文章
（1）directions: you should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.use li ming instead. do not write the addre. 范文： dear anne, please allow me to say sorry again. regards, li ming 译文：
亲爱的安：
感谢你邀请我于明日晚上与你和你的家人共进午餐。可是，我非常遗憾地告诉你我无法赴约，因为我将忙于准备后天的一门重要考试。错过了这么一个欢乐的聚会我深感遗憾，我希望你们能度过一个愉快的时光。对了，在我考试后我们可以见一面么？如果可以的话请随
时给我打电话，我非常期待能和你愉快地聊天。
请允许我再一次致歉。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组： occupy: v.占用，占
get-together: n.聚会，联欢会 hesitate: v.犹豫，踌躇
drop sb.a line: 给某人打一个电话 preferable: adj.更好的，更可取的 long for sth: 渴望
万能句型： thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.unfortunately, it is much to my regret that i cannot... i feel terribly sorry for miing the chance of... is it poible for you and me to have a private meeting afterwards? if so, please dont hesitate to drop me a call about your preferable date. please allow me to say sorry again. （2）directions: you failed to finish an important task aigned by your profeor because of a severe illne.write a letter to your profeor tp expre your apology, explain your reason, and suggest a solution to make up the lo. you should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.use li ming instead. do not write the addre. 范文：
dear prof.patent, i would be very much obliged if you could grant me another week for the task, as my health is turning better. hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology. yours faithfully, li ming 译文：
尊敬的patent教授：
我非常遗憾地告知您我没有完成您上周布置的读书报告，因为几天前我突然生病了。过去的几天中我一直持续高烧，住在医院，因此无法进行任何学术活动。随信是医生的诊断书。 如果您能再给一周时间来完成它我将感激不尽，因为现在我的身体正在好转。 希望您能理解我的处境并接受我的道歉。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
aign: v.分配，指派
fall upon sb: 降临到某人身上 continuous: adj.持续的
prevent sb from sth/doing sth: 使某人不能做某事 hereby: adv.因此，据此 submit: v.提交，递交 obliged: adj.感激的
grant: v.同意，准予
万能句型：
i would be very much obliged if you could grant me another week for the task. hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology. apologize letter __ busine english_ by lqy dear sir or madam, i’m writing this letter to apologize to you.i’m so sorry that we made a mistake about the shipment of vacuum cleaners. those vacuum cleaners we sent to you were meant to be sent to european countries, but as the old worker was retired, the new one wasn’t so experienced.besides, the model number and the price of goods in march and july are so similar that the worker mistaken them. i am awfully sorry for this and we promise you a replacement shipment.we will also give a 10% i do apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you and i will try my best to avoid the same accident happening again. 道歉信是人们经常使用的一种书信文体，用以表达自己的歉意，查字典范文大全特意为大家整理了关于道歉信范文的相关材料，希望对您的工作和生活有帮助。 letter of apology ⅰ.sample study sample i dear susan, please let me know if you will be available on saturday morning. best wishes chen cheng sample ii dear mary, i’m very sorry for not having replied to your july 6th letter sooner.when your letter arrived, i was in beijing.as my secretary couldn’t forward it to me, it has been lying on my desk until i got back. look forward to catching up and once again apologize for the delay. sincerely, tom 英语道歉信范文及常用句式
道歉信是指因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后要立即写信给对方赔礼道歉时写的信件。道歉是一种礼貌，道歉信要写得坦率，诚恳。
道歉信通常包括三部分内容：
1、表示歉意，道歉的原由；
2、出现差错的原因，提出弥补措施；
3、请求原谅。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。
写作三步曲：
表示歉意→说明具体原因、提出补救办法→再次致歉，希望得到理解。
注意：
理由要尽量合理，违反生活常识将导致扣分；尽量提供一个合适的补救办法，使行文更加顺畅。 范文解析： directions: you were unable to attend mr.smiths examination on international busine english writing because you got sick that morning.write a letter to expre the reasons for not being able to attend it and apologize. write the letter with no le than 100 words.do not sign your own name at end of the letter.use wang hua instead.do not write the addre. dear mr.smith, i am indeed very sorry that i mied the examination on international busine english writing you gave last friday.i feel awful about it and want you to know what happened that day. i suddenly fell sick early that morning and my parents had to send me to the hospital.please find enclosed a copy of the medical bill. sincerely yours, wang hua ◆常用句式：
1、i am writing to apologize for „ /i am writing to say sorry for 我写这封信是因„„向你致歉。
2、i would like to give you my apology for„
对于„„我向你道歉。
3、please accept my sincere apology for„
关于„„请接受我真诚的道歉。
4、i am indeed very sorry for what i said/did, but believe i had no intention to„
对于我说的话/做的事，我确实感到很抱歉。但请相信，我并非故意要„„
5、please forgive me for a stupid choice of words. 请原谅我说话欠妥。
6、i feel awfully sorry about it and want you to know what happened. 为此我感到非常内疚，所以想告诉你实情。
7、please accept my apologies for my oversight. 请原谅我的疏忽。
8、please allow me to say sorry again. 请允许我再次表示歉意。
9、i sincerely hope you can understand my situation/think in my position and accept my apologies.篇3：送给女朋友的道歉信
道歉信
亲爱的，首先我要道歉，作为一个男人我应该对你体贴，对你温柔，我不但没有做到一个合格的男友，反而去一吵架就提分手，我知道这样很不好，再也不会了，再也不做伤害我们感情的事了。这几天你睡得肯定不好吧，我也一样，整夜整夜的彻夜难眠，我们不应该这样继续下去了，不应该再做伤害对方的事情了，这样太残忍了。我觉得我们之间之所会这样，是因为缺乏有效的沟通。你不说，我不懂，这就是距离。我想了很久写下这段话。
不知不觉，我们的爱情已经走了半年，这半年时间虽然很短，但我们经历了很多事，我们都曾怀疑过这份感情，我们都迷茫过，而现在我们由不得不面对相似的痛苦。我们在一起还没分开这么久，分开这么远，这对我们来说都是考验，如果我们经历住了，我相信我们会更懂得珍惜对方，会更懂得怎样去爱对方。以前和你的点点滴滴我一人历历在目，还记得第一次抱着你，你的不知所措，你的惶恐不安，离别时都不舍得对方，都要对方先离去，那一夜，注定我们将要有一首美丽动人的乐章要去谱写。记忆最深刻的是，那一夜和你一起散步，你穿高跟鞋脚疼，我把我的人字拖给你穿，我穿你的高跟鞋，那一刻，我在心里想，这个女人我要一辈子对她好，我要保护她。给你搓背、洗脚、按摩，你的一个微笑，一句我想你，一个拥抱，一个吻，无论什么，都是我们之间的爱。我伤害过你，作为男人不应该出现那件事，我应该保护你，可是我没做到一个男人应有责任。我不应该让自己最心的同时也最爱自己的女人为自己哭泣，我不是一个好男人。 你走了，只剩下我在着一座既熟悉又陌生的城市，一回到家，又像那样寂静，虽然我们住一起的时间不长，但我已经习惯有你，一回到家就能吃到你做的饭。你走了，每天对你的都是思念，不知道你一人在陌生的城市做的怎样，对你的全
是担心，担心你一个女孩遇到坏人怎样办。你身上的病还没好，不知道你有没有去看医生，你习惯了北方的气候，去南非不知道还是不是适应等等等。总之，你离开我的那一刻起，对你的全是担心，从未消失过。我们分割两地，我不在你身边，不能照顾你。你知道吗，你离开我后，我怕，我真的很怕，我怕你会永远的离开我，我们之间距离2000多公里，这么远的距离，我怕它会成为我们的阻碍。也许我经历的不多，也许我太过在乎，也许我不够理智，才迫使你在夜晚哭泣。现在想想真的太自私了，我应该多关心你多体贴你。自从遇到了你，随之而来的就是惊喜和害怕，高兴我的世界你出现了，从此，我的世界有了你，你就是我的全世界。同时我也害怕，害怕你哪天走了，只剩下我一个人，只留下心里你的痕迹，无法消灭的痕迹，以及还有那装过你的空荡荡的心房。也许正是这些我才对你忽冷忽热，也许那时我的一种自我保护，再也不会对你说狠话了。亲爱的，我不是故意对你冷漠，大部分的时候对你不够温柔。其实我想要的就是简简单单的合一在一起，永不分开，不管做什么。我计划着我们的未来，我们的未来是有你参与的，我们要在一起用双手共筑美好的未来。
我脑海里出现过无数我们未来的镜头，我会好好努力，我不想一个人计划着我们的未来，亲爱的，让我们一起去画一副我们未来的美好画面吧。我们是去过一个孩子，我不想我们之间再发生任何的变故，走到今天真的太不容易了。亲爱的对于我的自私，我的幼稚，我的无理取闹，我的无情，我的冷漠，表示抱歉，亲爱的我们好好地在一起好吗？亲爱的让我们一起看雪看星星看月亮,从诗词歌赋谈到人生哲学....... 谨以此文章送给我一生最爱的女人——王芳 2014年7月16日 16:23篇4：写给女朋友的道歉信
悔过书
致我最爱的亲阿蕉： 尊敬的领导：
我们家的小主妇：
你好：
生死契阔，与子成说。执子之手，与子偕老。
时间红了樱桃绿了芭蕉，在硕果累累的十月份，在我浑浑噩噩的走完288个月零25天，我有幸遇到了我亲爱的小泥鳅。自此，偶的意识变的明晰，生活变的充实，梦想变得精彩！大公鸡爱我的小秦秦呢，我努力经营着我们的现在，规划着我们的未来。逐步认定，你是我一生中重要的人，最终将是我一生中最重要的人。
今天，小哲哲又错啦，现将事情的始末与处事的不足汇报如下：
下午我以肚子疼为借口，没有及时履行一个好男人该尽的义务，惹的我们家蕉蕉伤心，晚上还弄了个这样的滴滴东，使我的蕉蕉难过；被察觉了，还有编谎蒙混过关之嫌。
小哲哲有不足之处，也持续发现了许多不得体的地方，甚至有些地方不知悔改，冥顽不灵，然而蕉蕉一次次的用她那包容的心原谅哲哲，感动了哲哲。哲哲这厢给蕉蕉道歉呢。希望好老婆你能原谅我，给我一次改过自新的机会，我求求你不要离开我，没有了你，我不知道我的生活将要变成什么样子，就像鱼儿离不开水一样，我离不开你，小尾巴，没有你我就找不见未来的路。都是我不好呢看在我们这么久了，你就当事可怜可怜我。对于我的错误，我好难过呢。你理理我，就当我是个屁，把我放了吧，我一辈子当牛做马报答侬呢。 我最讨厌不守信用还满嘴借口的人！我不想当那样的人，真正的爱只要一次我就足够。回想起来你对我的改变，我真的好开心，教我系鞋带，教育我做人，督促我诚实守信等等。今天自己却做了这么差劲的事，那个。。。。足见说起来容易做起来难啊，貌似跑题了，不过足以说明偶对阿姨的重视程度呢，小美女你笑一笑呢 好不好 o(∩_∩)o~ 总之，大公鸡发觉自己真的很过分，回忆起不开心的种种，都是因为好男人小心眼，疑神疑鬼，还用爱你来托词；或则说过的话也没算数，致使政令不通；又或者因心情原因屡次轻怠我的妻子，还敷衍塞责。仔细想想我的乖敏敏，唉，自惭形秽啊～好男人真垃圾！阿歹对不起我的好heart～！
这次事件是我不对，没有充分考虑到小姨子的感受，轻视了亲蕉蕉的眼泪，懈怠了自己的责任～！让老婆大人受委屈了，对于本次的恶行，我备感不安和懊悔，痛心疾首，决心改过自新，重新做人。
在此，我郑重的向老婆大人赔罪：对不起，老婆我爱你！
娘娘小的从各个阐述了我方观点，已基本做到意识上深刻检讨，决心上痛改前非。
我认为一个真正的好男人要做到思想上常抓不懈，行为上警钟长鸣，应当做好以下几点：
1、哲别不会做伤害阿姨的事，尽量不会做让阿姨觉得被伤害了的事，我的爱是要让你幸福，不让你哭泣！
2、对老婆要关心，要体贴，要无微不至。对有可能让老婆不安的事情，都要向老婆大人汇报；对可能给老婆带来伤害的事情，要杜绝行动。
3、个人的言行举止都要按照老婆大人的指示去要求，说话要思前想后。
4、坚决改正时而头脑痴呆，词不达意的陋习。
5、如有违反，严加惩罚
以上是我的自查和整改措施，若有不到位之处，还请老婆大人予以勘正、补充～！还望蕉蕉能消消气、开心点。美好的明天等着我们去创造，爱的路上只有我和你呢。
道歉至此，回首往事，美好甜蜜，秦同志给予了俺莫大的心灵支撑，望我们彼此珍惜，永远真诚，永恒真爱！
亲阿姨，我爱你～！
姓名：好男人
日期：二〇一二年五月四日 有效期：never篇5：给女朋友的道歉信
给女朋友的道歉信
不管对错，在这美丽的一天，我想说对不起。如果我们在茫茫人海中
的相识是上天安排的缘份，就让我们从头来过。
所有的理由和解释都是苍白无给女朋友的道歉信力的，我选择在沉默
中等待你的原谅。
对不起，是我伤了你的心，请原谅我，我会一辈子疼你爱你作为补偿！
不要因为这件事情就把我全盘否定了啊，至少将我留家察看60年吧。
不敢面对你的目光，我知道错了，你大人有大量，原谅我好吗？深爱
你的人正在忏悔„„
如果你真的喜欢生气的话，那还不如给我生一大堆孩子呢。这样的“惩
罚”我很乐意接受哦。^_^ 年少时的无心之过，害的你这么多年的苦苦寻找，我真的很报歉。 1 如果一句“对不起”能化解所有怨恨，那我说，但，不是由衷的；如
果一句“我爱你”能表达一切情感，那我说，但，不是假意的。 2 有你开心省心,对你真心痴心,为你担心痛心,也曾伤心碎心,不敢变
心花心,不要多心疑心,最怕你是无心! 3 原谅我吧！我知道我错了，你若不能原谅我的话，那就不断的打电
话骂我吧！我愿意被你骂到老！ 4 爱我的人是你，伤你的人是我，愿用心抚平你的伤口，愿再度牵
手...... 5 我知道你生气了，而且你每次生气我都好害怕，理解我，好吗？原
谅我，好吗？ 6 小女人一个，但我很喜欢。以后再也不惹你生气了，想你，念你，
恨不得啃啃你！ 7 我已彻底想通了，也许一直以来我给你压力太大了，我知道你也很
苦，很累。有些事，你有你的难处，你的苦衷。 8 愧疚的我不知道该怎样给女朋友的道歉信开口，但还是要说声对不
起。
如何向女朋友道歉～～～
如果把我内心的愧疚真说出来，怕你觉得我没出息，可是不说出来，
自己又觉得自己没出息。
真的好想你呀，想你甜甜的笑，柔柔的话，和你美丽的脸！喂？喂？
别再生气了吧！我爱你！
如果爱你是错的话，我不想对；如果对是等于没有你的话，我宁愿错一辈子，无奈，爱已决堤，你能明白我、感觉到那份情怀吗？
宝贝，都是我不好让你伤心了，爱你?? 假如昨天有什么得罪了你，迁怒了你，那我今天来道歉，好让明天
你我仍同在一把雨伞下。
如果你不生气的话能不能给我挂个电话让我解释一下，好吗？
对不起宝贝，人在江湖，身不由己。
这个嘛，人有失蹄，马有失手，对不起！
不管对错，在这美丽的一天，我想说对不起。如果我们在茫茫人海
中的相识是上天安排的缘份，就让我们从头来过。
所有的理由和解释都是苍白无力的，我选择在沉默中等待你的原谅。
对不起，是我伤了你的心，请原给女朋友的道歉信谅我，我会一辈
子疼你爱你作为补偿！
不要因为这件事情就把我全盘否定了啊，至少将我留家察看60年吧。 不敢面对你的目光，我知道错了，你大人有大量，原谅我好吗？深
爱你的人正在忏悔?? 如果你真的喜欢生气的话，那还不如给我生一大堆孩子呢。这样的
“惩罚”我很乐意接受哦。^_^ 年少时的无心之过，害的你这么多年的苦苦寻找，我真的很报歉。
无心让我伤害了你。
推荐第10篇：想请假有什么理由
想请假有什么理由
借口相亲，领导不好意思不准假
上班族常编出各种理由请假，但一旦露馅会很尴尬哦
对于上班族而言，难免遇到琐事缠身需要请假的时候，请假是个难题;对于无法正常享受年休假的人而言，请假更是难上加难，想请假有什么理由。头痛脑热、家人身体不适甚至相亲，什么样的理由能够安全地请假?请假理由千千万，最后记得千万别发微博、别说话前后矛盾以防露馅。
直接请假 遇到执着上司要想好对策
请假有着各种理由，有网友提出干脆以不变应万变，直接利落地提出我要请假。不过，这一招看似无招胜有招，实践过程中也会遇到不小的麻烦。陈小姐大大咧咧，前一天看电视剧熬夜了想请假，失眠了也想请假，睡过头了赶不及打卡，有时也索性请假晚去。以前上司管理宽松，不是太过分，请假理由很容易通过。后来，陈小姐跳槽后换了工作，再遇到类似情况，简单说要请假，就没那么容易过关了。上司会不停追问，直到陈小姐给出一个令人信服的理由，请假才得以批准。
职场提醒：请假看上司，如果上司打破沙锅问到底，还是得有所准备。
最常用理由 个人身体各种不适
在一论坛调查中，身体不适这个理由位居请假理由排行榜第一名。谁没个头痛脑热，遇到身体不适，体贴人性化的领导一般对这样的要求很难拒绝。除非遇到事业型的工作狂，看不得手下清闲，一般的感冒发烧让员工发挥敬业精神克服再克服。金小姐不幸就在这样一位工作狂的领导手下工作，怀孕7个月时见了红，请假回家休假，范文《想请假有什么理由》。 背后，男领导对着其他人感慨，“女人怀孕就是麻烦， 娇滴滴的。”
职场提醒：千万别病后第二天又生龙活虎的，比没病的还有精神。
最有风险的理由 称家人身体不好容易露馅
当自己明明生龙活虎，身体不适的理由已经用过之后，不少人就拿自己家人当挡箭牌了。杨小姐跟同事朱先生还是地下情的时候，清明、五一小长假出游，赶上值班，没少为请假而烦恼。“部门就那几个人，每个人至少要值班一天，如果我们俩请假请在一天，领导总是会打破沙锅问到底。”为了顺利请假，杨小姐跟朱先生没少想了理由。去年清明两人约好去婺源看油菜花，杨小姐说自己回宿迁老家扫墓，家在南京的朱先生就推脱说奶奶身体不好。最后，两人终于如愿请了假。等到了五一小长假，朱先生再次以此为理由请假时，遭到领导质疑。“怎么老生病?生病了就只能你去照顾么?”在领导驳斥下，朱先生请假未果，两人出行计划泡汤，乖乖地留守单位值班。
职场提醒：记得上次使用这条理由时说的是什么。
最难拒绝的理由 年龄大了要去相亲
这个请假理由适合用在已婚的上司面前。剩男剩女一大堆，相亲早已不是咄咄怪事。面对员工以相亲理由来请假，通情达理的上司多会网开一面。
徐小姐单身，独自一人在南京打拼，遇到情人节、七夕节、平安夜等一系列节假日，同事想找代班的，或是领导临时安排任务，第一个想到的总是她。“别人成双成对，自己独自过节就挺郁闷的，还要加班更是憋屈。”周末公司加班开会，徐小姐也总是被安排加班来做记录或是打印材料，客串打杂工作。终于有次当周末加班的任务再次来临，徐小姐打出了请假牌，“领导，我周末相亲没法来加班。”领导批准了。
职场提醒：记得从未说过自己是名花有主，也不要在微博上说出真-相，现在同事间传得太快了，免得自找麻烦
第11篇：旷工有风险请假需谨慎
旷工有风险，请假需谨慎
关女士是一家公司的职工，利用“五一”假期前往外地见男友。期间，流连忘返，到5月4日方想起上班一事。关女士通过手机向公司领导发短信，谎称自己严重感冒，需要请假三天。然而，公司领导一直未回复该短信。当关女士5月6日赶到公司已下班，被告知因连续旷工3天（5月4日至6日），按照劳动合同约定“连续旷工三天及其以上，公司有权单方解除劳动合同”，依据公司的规章制度的规定，已经将关女士解聘。
关女士主张已要求请假不属于旷工，且5月6日已经到达公司，不符合“连续旷工三天及其以上„„”的情况，但公司仍固执己见。
律师说法：公司的做法有一定的依据
首先，关女士的行为属旷工。旷工是指职工没有向用人单位请假，或虽然已经请假但未经用人单位批准，即擅自离开或不到工作岗位的行为。本案中，姑且不论请假理由是否具有欺骗性、是否成立，仅公司对于其请假要求未予批准，关女士就构成无故旷工了。即请假不等于批假，只有在公司批准后，关女士的请假才成立。因此，本案中关女士履行了请假手续，并不可以推定公司已经默许，更不等于公司已经同意。正因为关女士的请假没有得到公司批准，而关女士确实没有上班，决定了关女士的行为属于擅自拒不到岗，也就是说构成旷工。
其次，本案旷工按三天计算。旷工中的“工”是指工作日里的工作时间，即应当按当日的上班时间来确定，而不是按24小时来计算。故关女士虽然在5月6日赶到公司，可由于其到达时公司已经下班，也意味着只能按一天计算。 再者，公司有权将关女士解聘。《劳动合同法》规定，职工严重违反用人单位的规章制度的，用人单位可以解除劳动合同。即无论从公司与关女士的劳动合同，还是从公司的规章制度上看，或者是基于履行劳动合同，还是执行公司的规章制度，鉴于关女士的旷工已连续达到三天，都意味着公司已经具备将其解聘的依据或条件。
(颜沐)来源： 中工网——《劳动午报》
第12篇：想请假有什么理由
想请假有什么理由
借口相亲，领导不好意思不准假
上班族常编出各种理由请假，但一旦露馅会很尴尬哦
对于上班族而言，难免遇到琐事缠身需要请假的时候，请假是个难题;对于无法正常享受年休假的人而言，请假更是难上加难，想请假有什么理由。头痛脑热、家人身体不适甚至相亲，什么样的理由能够安全地请假?请假理由千千万，最后记得千万别发微博、别说话前后矛盾以防露馅。
直接请假 遇到执着上司要想好对策
请假有着各种理由，有网友提出干脆以不变应万变，直接利落地提出我要请假。不过，这一招看似无招胜有招，实践过程中也会遇到不小的麻烦。陈小姐大大咧咧，前一天看电视剧熬夜了想请假，失眠了也想请假，睡过头了赶不及打卡，有时也索性请假晚去。以前上司管理宽松，不是太过分，请假理由很容易通过。后来，陈小姐跳槽后换了工作，再遇到类似情况，简单说要请假，就没那么容易过关了。上司会不停追问，直到陈小姐给出一个令人信服的理由，请假才得以批准。
职场提醒：请假看上司，如果上司打破沙锅问到底，还是得有所准备。
最常用理由 个人身体各种不适
在一论坛调查中，身体不适这个理由位居请假理由排行榜第一名。谁没个头痛脑热，遇到身体不适，体贴人性化的领导一般对这样的要求很难拒绝。除非遇到事业型的工作狂，看不得手下清闲，一般的感冒发烧让员工发挥敬业精神克服再克服。金小姐不幸就在这样一位工作狂的领导手下工作，怀孕7个月时见了红，请假回家休假，范文《想请假有什么理由》。 背后，男领导对着其他人感慨，“女人怀孕就是麻烦， 娇滴滴的。”
职场提醒：千万别病后第二天又生龙活虎的，比没病的还有精神。
最有风险的理由 称家人身体不好容易露馅
当自己明明生龙活虎，身体不适的理由已经用过之后，不少人就拿自己家人当挡箭牌了。杨小姐跟同事朱先生还是地下情的时候，清明、五一小长假出游，赶上值班，没少为请假而烦恼。“部门就那几个人，每个人至少要值班一天，如果我们俩请假请在一天，领导总是会打破沙锅问到底。”为了顺利请假，杨小姐跟朱先生没少想了理由。去年清明两人约好去婺源看油菜花，杨小姐说自己回宿迁老家扫墓，家在南京的朱先生就推脱说奶奶身体不好。最后，两人终于如愿请了假。等到了五一小长假，朱先生再次以此为理由请假时，遭到领导质疑。“怎么老生病?生病了就只能你去照顾么?”在领导驳斥下，朱先生请假未果，两人出行计划泡汤，乖乖地留守单位值班。
职场提醒：记得上次使用这条理由时说的是什么。
最难拒绝的理由 年龄大了要去相亲
这个请假理由适合用在已婚的上司面前。剩男剩女一大堆，相亲早已不是咄咄怪事。面对员工以相亲理由来请假，通情达理的上司多会网开一面。
徐小姐单身，独自一人在南京打拼，遇到情人节、七夕节、平安夜等一系列节假日，同事想找代班的，或是领导临时安排任务，第一个想到的总是她。“别人成双成对，自己独自过节就挺郁闷的，还要加班更是憋屈。”周末公司加班开会，徐小姐也总是被安排加班来做记录或是打印材料，客串打杂工作。终于有次当周末加班的任务再次来临，徐小姐打出了请假牌，“领导，我周末相亲没法来加班。”领导批准了。
职场提醒：记得从未说过自己是名花有主，也不要在微博上说出真-相，现在同事间传得太快了，免得自找麻烦
第13篇：英语小剧本 有翻译 家庭代沟1
人物安排：一人引述 旁白 总结 角色：father mother daughter grandmother 每个角色将在剧前有一段简短独白，说明自己扮演的角色。
爸爸：I play the part of father.,David.and football is my favorite.And to my daughter ,at the most time,Ican’t understand what she think and what she want.Maybe we need more communication.我扮演父亲的角色，足球是我的最爱。而在很多时候，我不能理解我女儿的想法，不知道她想要什么。也许我们要多多交流。
妈妈：I have the role of mother,Kelly.and busy for this family .It’s difficult to chat with my daughter.Yes, very diffcult.. 我扮演妈妈，为这个家而忙碌。我与女儿无法聊天。
女儿：I act the role of daughter.Anne.I like everything about fashion and star.I love michael jackson best!!!!!!!! 我演女儿。安妮，我热爱每件关于时尚与明星的事情。迈克尔杰克逊是我的最爱！！！！！ 奶奶：I get the role of grandmother.Mary.I love my granddaughter very much.but I don’t know what she said actually……
我扮演奶奶。我很喜欢我的小孙女，可是我都不知道她在跟我说什么…………
引述:Nowadays, there is often a lack of understanding between parents and children.Children always complain that their parents are out of date, while parents can’t approve of what their children say and do.Thus, a big generation gap is formed.And then you will see a playlet around fot this theme.爸爸：Oh,may god.what the hell happened to paula abdon? 普拉 阿巴杜这是怎么了? she looks terrible. 怎么这副德行了？
女儿：dad,that is steven tyler. 爸，那是史蒂芬 泰勒 爸爸：he looks good. 看着还不错。
爸爸：oh,my god.what the hell happened to Operam?she looks terrible. 奥普拉这是怎么了？怎么这副样子了？ 妈妈：Oh,dear,that is randy Jackson. 哦亲爱的，那是兰迪 杰克逊。
and if you don\'t know what to see,give me the Remote control. 如果你不知道看什么，把遥控器给我。
女儿：mum,I don\'t want to see those soap opera at all!give it to me,the vocal concert is on!!! It\'s michael jackson! 妈，我不想看那些泡沫剧！演唱会马上要开始了！是迈克尔杰克逊的！！ 妈妈：dear,you know,I can\'t stand a lot of madman dancing on the screen! 我不想看一群疯子在台上跳舞！
女儿：madman? nuts!that\'s art!It\'s meaningful! 疯子？胡说！那是艺术！很有意义！
爸爸：Ok,ok……football game is start,and then I want see it on the sofa,so,keep slience. 停……停……,足球比赛来了，我马上要看，都跟我安静点 妈妈，姐姐:ED!!!dad!!!!
奶奶上场，在三人争吵之间 ，打开电视，看戏曲 爸爸：mum, the game is on !! 妈，我正在看足球比赛！
奶奶：If you keep watching the game, David.Why don\'t you marry with the ball? 这么喜欢足球，娶回家得了
女儿:I\'m getting the hell to share the TV with you! 真不该跟你们一起看电视！ (一边走开一边说) you don\'t understand me at all1 一点都不理解我！
妈妈：Oh dear,where are you going? 你要去哪儿？
女儿：I will go shopping with my friend,so I can away the war about tv! 我要去和好友逛街，避免这场电视大战！
妈妈：You can go shopping,but don’t bring those strange clothes to home!\\ 逛街可以，别买那些奇装异服！！
女儿：what? Strange clothes?that’s fashion!!And If I wear the cloth which you bought,I will be completely out of date!!Like a person in the 18th !! 什么？？奇装异服？那是时尚！！如果我穿着你买的衣服，我就像活在18世纪！！ 爸爸：Anne,you shouldn’t talk with yourmother in this way. 安妮，不要用这种口气对妈妈说话。 女儿：But！！
可是！！
奶奶上场，从电视边走来
奶奶：Oh honey ,don’t quarrel with your parents.You know ,you are young,like A small flower;and your parents ,include me,like a tree,are getting old day by day.So sometimes You may complain that we can’t understand you,but we all try to get close to you All the time.We all love you,Anne. 孩子，不要跟你的父母争吵。你应该明白。你很年轻，像一朵小花，而我和你的父母正在逐渐变老。尽管有时你会抱怨我们不理解你，但你应该明白我们都在努力接近你。我们都很爱你，安妮。
女儿：I know.grandmother.I’m sorry that I only to care myself.I love you too. 我知道，奶奶。我很抱歉那么任性。我也爱你们。 女儿与妈妈拥抱。
结尾：The playlist has display the generation gap between the teen and parents。Many people think it’s diffcult to deal with it,but if we are willing to have a Try ,it will be easy to bulit a bridge in the generation gap.
第14篇：英语小剧本 有翻译 家庭代沟2
SCRIPT:PARENTS KNOW BETTER THAN THAT 剧本：父母英明
CHARACTER:ASIDE;FATHER;MOTHER,SNOW,TEACHER.角色：旁白；父亲；母亲；雪；老师。
SETTING:A CLASSROOM IN WHICH HAS FOUR CHAIRS.场景：一间有四把椅子的教室。
1.ASIDE:There is a beautiful and smart girl,her close name is SNOW.She is so shy that when someone says like “I mi you” to her,her face certainly turns red.Meanwhile,the important thing is that she is also a diligent girl who eagers to do well in everything without anyone’s help.But one day,she was in an embarraing situation,because…
旁白：有一个既漂亮又聪明的女孩，她的小名叫雪。她非常害羞以至于当有人对她说像“我想你”的这种话的时候，她的脸肯定会变红。同时，还有一点非常重要，她又是一个勤奋的好强的女孩，她不需要任何人的帮助。但是有一天，她处于一个非常尴尬的局面，因为„„
2.TEACHER:So…how is your final test in this term? 老师：那么„„这学期你的期末考试怎么样？
3.SNOW:Uh…just so so,I should work harder.雪：嗯„„一般般啦，我应该要更加努力才是。
4.FATHER:No,no,no,SNOW,you can’t say that.I’m so sorry,TEACHER,as you know,my daughter is so modest that she always says something like “just so so”,actually she is well done.Tell the truth,she does excellent in each subject.父亲：不，不，不，雪，你不能这样说。我很抱歉，老师，正如您所了解，我的姑娘非常谦虚以至于她总是说一些像“一般般啦”的这种话，其实啊，她做得很好。告诉您事实的真相吧，她每一门学科都做得非常出色。
5.SNOW:FATHER,please… 雪：爸爸，求你了„„
6.TEACHER:Yes,well,that’s true.And I really want to ask… 老师：是的，很好，是事实。可是我很想问„„
7.MOTHER:To give you a surprise,TEACHER,my daughter always spend a lot of spare time to study French.Her French speaking is quite well,what’s more,she can also use French to write poems on her QQ zone,to expre what she thinks in her mind.Believe it or not! 母亲：给您一个惊喜，老师，我的姑娘常常利用大量的空余时间去学习法语。她的法语相当的棒，而且，她还能够用法语在她的QQ空间上写诗呢，以此来表达她脑海里所思考的事情。信不信由您！
8.SNOW:MOTHER,please…don’t do this.雪：妈妈，求你了„„别说了。
9.FATHER:Well,as your parents,of course we will,sweetheart,we are proud of you.TEACHER,you know a instrument called Saxphone,this instrument is almost blown by boys,but my little girl has an enormous vital capacity to play it.Isn’t that wonderful?And when she plays the Saxphone,she is just like a superstar,a well-known superstar.父亲：嗨，作为你的父母，我们当然要说，甜心，我们都为你感到骄傲。老师，您可知道有一种乐器叫萨克斯管，这种乐器几乎是被男孩吹的，但是我家的女儿却拥有着一个庞大的肺活量来演奏它。这岂不是很神奇？而且每当她演奏萨克斯的时候，她简直就像是一个明星，一个举世闻名的超级大明星。
10.SNOW:Daddy,please,please… 雪：爹，求你，求你了„„
11.TEACHER:OK,I know,I know,she is brilliant,but I have a question… 老师：好的，我知道，我知道，她很杰出，但是我有一个问题„„
12.MOTHER:No,no,no,she is not brilliant,you should say that she is very brilliant,very very brilliant,very very very… 母亲：不，不，不，她不是杰出，您应该说她是非常杰出，非常非常杰出，非常非常非常„„
13.SNOW:Aaargh!Aaaargh!Aaaaargh!Noooooooooo… 雪：啊！啊！啊！不„„
14.ASIDE:Her face turned red,and she walked away immediately.So,in terms of SNOW’s parents,I should say:”They know better than that.”
旁白：她的脸变红了，之后她立马走开了。那么，就雪的父母而言，我应该说：“他们英明。”
15.ASIDE:So,this is our performance.Thank you for watching! 旁白：那么，这就是我们的表演，谢谢观赏！
(Curtain) （幕落）
第15篇：英语小剧本_有翻译_家庭代沟1[1]
人物安排：一人引述 旁白 总结 角色：father mother son grandfather 每个角色将在剧前有一段简短独白，说明自己扮演的角色。
爸爸：I play the part of father.,David.and football is my favorite.And to my daughter ,at the most time,Ican’t understand what she think and what she want.Maybe we need more communication.我扮演父亲的角色，足球是我的最爱。而在很多时候，我不能理解我女儿的想法，不知道她想要什么。也许我们要多多交流。
妈妈：I have the role of mother,Kelly.and busy for this family .It’s difficult to chat with my son.Yes, very diffcult.. 我扮演妈妈，为这个家而忙碌。我与儿子无法聊天。
儿子：I act the role of son,jim.I like everything about fashion and star.I love michael jackson best!!!!!!!! 我演儿子。吉姆，我热爱每件关于时尚与明星的事情。迈克尔杰克逊是我的最爱！！！！！ 奶奶：I get the role of grandmother.Mary.I love my grandson very much.but I don’t know what he said actually……
我扮演奶奶。我很喜欢我的小孙子，可是我都不知道她在跟我说什么…………
引述:Nowadays, there is often a lack of understanding between parents and children.Children always complain that their parents are out of date, while parents can’t approve of what their children say and do.Thus, a big generation gap is formed.And then you will see a playlet around fot this theme.爸爸：Oh,may god.what the hell happened to paula abdon? 普拉 阿巴杜这是怎么了? she looks terrible. 怎么这副德行了？
儿子：dad,that is steven tyler. 爸，那是史蒂芬 泰勒 爸爸：he looks good. 看着还不错。
爸爸：oh,my god.what the hell happened to Operam?she looks terrible. 奥普拉这是怎么了？怎么这副样子了？ 妈妈：Oh,dear,that is randy Jackson. 哦亲爱的，那是兰迪 杰克逊。
and if you don\'t know what to see,give me the Remote control. 如果你不知道看什么，把遥控器给我。
儿子：mum,I don\'t want to see those soap opera at all!give it to me,the vocal concert is on!!! It\'s michael jackson! 妈，我不想看那些泡沫剧！演唱会马上要开始了！是迈克尔杰克逊的！！ 妈妈：dear,you know,I can\'t stand a lot of madman dancing on the screen! 我不想看一群疯子在台上跳舞！
儿子：madman? nuts!that\'s art!It\'s meaningful! 疯子？胡说！那是艺术！很有意义！
爸爸：Ok,ok……football game is start,and then I want see it on the sofa,so,keep slience. 停……停……,足球比赛来了，我马上要看，都跟我安静点 妈妈，姐姐:ED!!!dad!!!!
奶奶上场，在三人争吵之间 ，打开电视，看戏曲 爸爸：Dad, the game is on !! 爸，我正在看足球比赛！
爷爷：If you keep watching the game, David.Why don\'t you marry with the ball? 这么喜欢足球，娶回家得了
儿子:I\'m getting the hell to share the TV with you! 真不该跟你们一起看电视！ (一边走开一边说) you don\'t understand me at all1 一点都不理解我！
妈妈：Oh dear,where are you going? 你要去哪儿？
女儿：I want to buy some clothes,so I can away the war about tv! 我要去买衣服，避免这场电视大战！
妈妈：OK,You can,but don’t bring those strange clothes to home!\\ 可以，别买那些奇装异服！！
儿子：what? Strange clothes?that’s fashion!!And If I wear the cloth which you bought,I will be completely out of date!!Like a person in the 18th !! 什么？？奇装异服？那是时尚！！如果我穿着你买的衣服，我就像活在18世纪！！ 爸爸：Jim,you shouldn’t talk with yourmother in this way. 吉姆，不要用这种口气对妈妈说话。 儿子：But！！
可是！！
爷爷上场，从电视边走来
爷爷：Oh honey ,don’t quarrel with your parents.You know ,you are young,like A small flower;and your parents ,include me,like a tree,are getting old day by day.So sometimes You may complain that we can’t understand you,but we all try to get close to you All the time.We all love you,Jim. 孩子，不要跟你的父母争吵。你应该明白。你很年轻，像一朵小花，而我和你的父母正在逐渐变老。尽管有时你会抱怨我们不理解你，但你应该明白我们都在努力接近你。我们都很爱你，吉姆。
儿子：I know.grandfather.I’m sorry that I only to care myself.I love you too. 我知道，爷爷。我很抱歉那么任性。我也爱你们。 儿子与妈妈拥抱。
结尾：The playlist has display the generation gap between the teen and parents。Many people think it’s diffcult to deal with it,but if we are willing to have a Try ,it will be easy to bulit a bridge in the generation gap.
第16篇：Ambition(抱负,有翻译)
Ambition
It is not difficult to imagine a world short of ambition.It would probably be a kinder world: without demands, without abrasions, without disappointments.Competition would never enter in.Conflict would be eliminated, tension
become a thing of the past.Anxiety would be extinct.Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long departed from the human heart.
Ah, how unrelievedly boring life would be?
There is a view that holds that succe is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham.Does this mean that succe does not really exist? That achievement is at bottom empty? That efforts of people are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events? Now not all succe, obviously, is worth esteeming, not all ambition worth cultivating.But even the most cynical
secretly admit that succe exists; that achievement counts for a great deal; and that the true myth is that the actions of people are usele.
We do not choose to be born.We do not choose our historical epoch, the country of our birth, or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing.But within all this realm of choicele, we do choose how we shall live:
courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift.We decide what is important and what is trivial in life.We decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do.But no
matter how indifferent the universe to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make.We decide.We choose.And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition about.
抱负
一个缺乏抱负的世界将会怎样，这不难想象。或许，这将是一个更为友善的世界：没有渴求，没有磨擦，没有失望。竞争永远不会介入；冲突将被消除。焦虑将会消失。时光流逝，抱负却早已远离人心。
啊，长此以往人生将变得多么乏味无聊！
有一种的观点认为，成功是一种神话，因此抱负亦属虚幻。这是不是说实际上并不丰在成功？成就本身就是一场空？与诸多运动和事件的力量相比，人们的努力显得微不足？显然，并非所有的成功都值得景仰，也并非所有的抱负都值得追求。但即使是最为愤世嫉俗的人暗地里也承认，成功确实存在，成就的意义举足轻重，而把世上人们的所作所为说成是徒劳无功才是真正的无稽之谈。
我们无法选择出生，无法选择出生的历史时期与国家，或是成长的周遭环境。但是在这些无法选择之中，我们的确可以选择自己的生活方式：是勇敢无畏还是胆小怯懦，是光明磊落还是厚颜无耻，是目标坚定还是随波逐流。我们决定生活中哪些至关重要，哪些微不足道。我们决定，用以显示我们自身重要性的，不是我们做了什么，就是我们拒绝做些什么。但是不论世界对我们所做的选择和决定有多么漠不关心，这些选择和决定终究是我们自己做出的。我们决定，我们选择。而当我们决定和选择时，我们的生活便得以形成。最终构筑我们命运的就是抱负之所在。
第17篇：文言文翻译有妙法
《语文课程标准》中，要求初中生能“阅读浅易文言文，能借助注释和工具书理解基本内容”。而在各类考试时，这“理解基本内容”常常以文言文翻译的题型出现，即将文言语句或小段用现代汉语文言文翻译出来。接下来小编为你带来文言文文言文翻译有妙法，希望对你有帮助。
有些考生对此束手无策或不知如何入手，其实，文言文文言文翻译是有法可循的：
文言文翻译的总原则是直译为主，意译为辅。
文言文翻译的步骤是：“解词”→“串意”→“顺意”，通过这三步来完成的。即先解读重点词语，明确其含意和用法；再将一个一个、一组一组词意，语意串连起来，形成句意；最后，把整个语句顺畅起来，亦即各词语间不连贯的使其连贯起来，不通顺的使其通顺起来。
文言文翻译的具体方法是“增”、“删”、“留”、“变”四法：
1.增，即对省略部分要增补出来；
2.删，即对无实在意义（表语气、停顿等）的文言虚词删去不译；
3.留，即对古今意义相同的词（人名、时间、专用名词等）保留不译；
4.变，即对与现代汉语习惯不同的句子采用意译。
例如，将下面《寇准传》中的一段译成现代汉语：
寇准传
初，张咏在成都，闻准①入相，谓其僚属曰：“寇公奇材，惜学术不足尔。”及准出陕，咏适自成都罢还，准严②供帐，大为具待③。咏将去，准送之郊，问曰：“何以教准？”咏徐曰：“《霍光传》④不可不读也。”准莫谕其意，归，取其传读之，至“不学无术”笑曰：“此张公谓我矣。”
（选自《宋史·寇准传》）
注释：
①准：寇准，北宋政治家，景德元年任宰相。
②严：敬重。
③具待：具，备办；待，接待。
④《霍光传》：载《汉书》，传末有“然光不学无术，暗于大理”之语。
对于这一段行文的文言文翻译，要先弄清一些词语的含义。
通过初读，文中的主要人物：张咏，又称“张公”“咏”；寇准，又称“寇公”“准”。
文中的地名：成都、陕（即：陕西）。这些词语都按原文或原义写出。
其余各词语的意思，依次如下：
“初”，即“当初”，“在”原义不变；
“闻”，“听说”；“入相”，即进入相府，译为：“当了宰相”；
“谓”，“对……说”；
“其”，“他的”；
“僚属”，“同僚们”；
“奇材”，同今义“奇材”；
“惜”，“可惜”；
“尔”，叹词：“及”，到，等到；
“出陕”，出京外任陕西地方官；
“适”，恰，正赶上；
自，从；
“罢还”，罢官还乡；
“供帐”，供设帷帐；
“为”，做；
“去”，离去；
“送之郊”，送他到市郊；
“何以”，以何，用什么；
“教”，教导；
“徐”，慢慢地；
“莫谕其意”，不明白他的用意；
“归”，回到府中；
“至”，到；
“谓”，说。
进行第二步、第三步，就是把这些词语连接起来，并加以通顺。译文如下：
当初，张咏在成都（作官），听说寇准被拜为宰相，（就）对他的同僚们说：“寇准是个奇材，（只）可惜学术方面（有些）不足啊。”等到寇准出任陕西地方官，张咏（也）正好被罢官从成都还乡，寇准非常敬重地供设帷帐，并准备了盛大的接待仪式。张将要离去，寇准送他到市郊，问道：“（先生）有什么话要教导寇准吗？”张咏慢慢地说：“《霍光传》，（您）不可不读啊。”寇准并不明白他的用意，回来以后，拿出那《霍光传》读它，到“不学无术”一句，笑着说：“这是张公教导我啊。”
在这一段译文中，对原文的词语含义适当地现代语义选择，句内、句间作了串连，有些省略成分作了补足。从而使语义畅达，更符合作者的原义。这就是省略句的问题。
对于判断句，要加“是”，如“寇公奇材”，可译为“寇准是个奇材”。
对于倒装句，要按现代汉语的语序来文言文翻译，如“何以教准”句中“何以”就是“以何”，可译为“用什么”。
关于被动句，要按现代汉语习惯加“被”。如“闻准入相”，这是意义上的被动，可译为“寇准被任命为宰相”。
总之，文言语句、段的文言文翻译，需要理解语句间的逻辑关系、语气关系，弄清实词含义、虚词作用，发现词类活用和通假，正确处理一些凝固的结构和文言句式。
但是，所有这些解题的技巧，都是建立在掌握文言知识，形成文言语感的基础上的。因此，我们平时多读多译一些浅显易懂的文言篇章是十分必要的，这既训练了我们阅读文言文的能力，又领略了祖国文化遗产的巨大魅力。
第18篇：英语课文翻译
英语课文翻译 第一单元
一场关于男人是否比女人勇敢的激烈的讨论以一个意外的方式。
晚宴
我最初听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像实有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。后来有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之后不久就出现在一本杂志上。但登在杂志上的那篇故事, 以及写那篇故事的人，我却一直未能找到。故事发生在印度。某殖民官员和他的夫人举行盛行的晚宴。跟他们一起就座的客人有——军官和他人的夫人，另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家——筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里，室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯；屋顶明椽裸露；宽大的玻璃门外便是阳台。席间，一位年轻的女士同一位少校展开了热烈的讨论。年轻的女士认为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；少校则不以为然。“女人一遇到危急情况，”少校说，反应便是尖叫。而男人虽然也可能想叫，但比起女人来，自制力却略胜一筹。这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。”那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。在座的客人中，除了那位美国人以外论证也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的阳台上。那个美国人突然醒悟过来。在印度，碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。他抬头看了看屋顶上的椽子——那是最可能有蛇藏身的地方——但那上面空荡荡的。室内的三个角落里也是空的，而在第四个角落里，仆人们正在等着下一道菜。这样，剩下的就只有一个地方了餐桌下面。他首先想到的是往后一跳，并向其他人发警告。但他知道这样会引起骚乱，致使眼镜索受惊咬人。于是他很快讲了一通话，其语气非常威严，竟使所有的人安静了下来。我想了解一下在座的诸位到底有多大的克制能力，我数三百下——也就五分钟——你们谁都不许动一动。动者将罚款五十卢比。准备好！”在他数数的过程中，那20个人像一尊尊石雕一样端坐在那儿。当他数到“„„280„„”时，突然从眼然处看到那条眼镜蛇钻了出来，向那碗牛奶爬去。在他跳起来把通往阳台的门全都砰砰地牢牢关上时，室内响起了一片尖叫声。“你刚才说得很对，少校！”男主人大声说。一个男子刚刚为我们显示了从容不迫、镇定自若的范例。”“且慢”，那位美国人一边说着一边转向女主人。温兹太太，你怎么知道那条眼镜蛇是在屋子里呢？”女主人的脸上闪现出一丝淡淡的微笑，回答说：“因为它当时正从我的脚背上爬过去。 第二单元
杰斐逊很久以前就死了，但是我们仍然对他的一些思想很感兴趣,杰斐逊的箴言, 布鲁斯.布利文、托马斯.杰斐逊美国第三任总统，也许不像乔治.华盛顿和亚伯拉罕.林肯那样著名，但大多数人至少记得有关他的一件事实：《独立宣言》是他起草的。
虽然杰斐逊生活在二百多年以前，但我们今天仍可以从他身上学到很多东西。他的许多思想对当代青年特别有意义。下面就是他讲过和写到过的一些观点：
自己去看。杰斐逊认为，一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外，还可以从许多别的来源获得知识；亲自做调查是很重要的。当他还年轻的时候，他就被任命为一个委员会的成员，去调查詹姆斯河南部支流的水深是否可以通行大型船只。委员会的其他成员都坐在州议会大厦内，研究有关这一问题的文件，而杰斐逊却跳进一只独木舟去做现场观测。
你可以向任何人学习。按出身及其所受的教育，杰斐逊均属于最高的社会阶层。 然而很少跟出身卑贱的人说话的年代，在那个贵人们除了发号施令以外。杰斐逊却想尽办法跟园丁、仆人和侍者交谈。有一次杰斐逊曾这样对法国贵族拉斐特说：你必须像我那样到平民百性的家里去，看看他们的烧饭锅，吃吃他们的面包。只要你肯这样做，你就会发现老百姓为什么会不满意，你就会理解正在威胁着法国的革命。”
自已作判断。未经过认真的思考，杰斐逊绝不接受别人的意见。“不要相信它或拒绝它。”他在给侄子的信中写道，“因为别的人相信或拒绝了什么东西。上帝赐予你一个用来判断真理和谬误的头脑。那你就运用它吧。
杰斐逊觉得人民是“完全可以依赖的，应该让它们听到一切真实和虚伪的东西，然后作出正确的判断。倘使让我来决定，我们是应该有一个政府而不要报纸呢，还是应该有报纸而不要政府，我会豪不犹豫地选择后者。”做你认为是正确的事。在一个自由的国家里总会有各种相互冲突的思想，而这正是力量的源泉。使自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。虽然有好多年杰斐逊一直受到激烈的批评，但他从不回答那些批评他的人。他在想写给一位朋友的信中表达他自己的观点：“每个问题都有两面。如果你坚持站在一面，根据它有效地采取行动，那么，站在另一面的那些人当然会对你的行动怨恨不满。”相信未来，相信青年。杰斐逊认为，绝不可以用那些已经无用的习俗来束缚住“现在”的手脚。“没有哪个社会，”他说，“可以制订一部永远适用的宪法，甚至连一条永远适用的法律也制订不出来。地球是属于活着的一代的。他不害怕新的思想，也不害怕未来。“有多少痛苦，”他评论说，“是有一些从未发生的灾难引起的啊！我期待的是最好的东西，而不是最坏的东西。我满怀希望地驾驶着自已的航船，我满怀希望地驾驶着自已的航船，而把恐惧抛在后面。”杰斐逊的勇气和理想主义是以知识为基础的。他懂得的东西也许比同时代的任何人都要多。在农业、考古学和医学方面他都是专家。在人人普遍采用农作物轮作和土壤保持的作法以前一个世纪，他就这样做了。他还发明了一种比当时任何一种都好的耕犁。他影响了整个美国的建筑业，他还不断地制造出各种器械的装置，使日常生活中需要做的许多工作变得更加容易。在杰斐逊的众多才能中，有一种是最主要的：他首先是一位优秀的、不知疲倦的作家。他的全集，目前正在第一次出版的，将超过五十卷。他作为一个作家的才能很快便被发现了，所以，当1776年在费城要撰写《独立宣言》的时刻来到时，这一任务便落在了他的肩上。数以百万计的人们读到他写的下列词句都激动不已：我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的；一切人生来就是平等的„„”杰斐逊在1826年7月4日与世长辞，正值美国独立五十周年纪念日之际，他给他的同胞留下了一份丰富的思想遗产和众多的榜样。托马斯 杰斐逊对美国的教育事业作出了巨大的贡献，他认为，只有受过教育的人民组成的国家才能保持自由。 第三单元
进入大学之前，尽力去攒一些钱。作者申请了一个教书职业。但是面试变得越来越糟。我的第一份工作, 在我等着进大学期间，我在一份地方报纸上看到一张广告，说是在伦敦某郊区有所学样要招聘一名教师.离我住处大约十英里, 我因为手头很拮据，同时也想干点有用的事，于是便提出了申请，在提出申请的同时我也担心，自己一无学位，二无教学经验，得到这份工作的可能性是微乎其微的。然而，三天之后，却来了一封信，叫我到克罗伊顿去面试。这上路去那儿原来还真麻烦：先乘火车到克罗伊顿车站，再乘十分钟公共汽车，然后还要步行至少四分之一英里。结果，我在六月一个炎热的上午到了那儿，因为心情非常沮丧，竟不感到紧张了。学校是一座装着大窗户了红砖房子。前庭园是个铺着砾的正方形：四个角上各有一丛冬青灌木，它们经受着从繁忙的大街一吹来的尘烟，挣扎着活下去。开门的显然是校长本人。他又矮又胖，留着沙色的小胡子，前额上布满皱纹，头发差不多已经秃光。他带着一种吃惊的、不以为然的神态看着我，就像一位上校看着一名没系好靴带的二等兵一样。“哦，”他咕哝着说。“你最好到里面来。”那狭窄的，不见阳光的走廊里散发出一股腐烂的卷心菜味，闻上去很不舒服；墙 上墨迹斑斑，显行很脏，周围一片静寂。他的书房，从地毯上的面包屑来判断，也是他的餐室。“你最好坐下，”他说，接着便问了我许多问题：为了得到普通学校证书我学过哪些课程；我多大岁数了；我会玩些什么游戏；问到这里他突然用他那双充满血丝的眼睛盯住我，问我是否认为游戏是儿童教育的一个极为重要的组成部分。我含含糊糊地说了些不必太重视游戏之类的话。他咕哝了几句。我说了错话。我和校长显然没有多少共同语言。他说，学校只有一个班，二十四名男生，年龄从七岁到十三风不等，除了美术课他亲自教以外，其余所有的课程都得由我来教。星期三和星期六的下午要到一英里以外的公园去踢足球、打板球。整个教学计划把我吓坏了。我得把全班学生分成三个组，按三种不同的程度轮流给他们上课；想到要教代数和几何这两门我在读书时学得极差的科目，我感到很害怕。更糟糕的也许是星期六下午打板球的安排，因为这时候我的朋友大都会在悠闲地自得其乐。我羞羞答答地问，“我的薪水是多少？”“每周十二镑外加中饭。”还没等我来得及提出异议，他已经站了起来。“好了，”他说，“你最好见见我的妻子。她才是这所学校真正的主管人。”我再也无法忍受了。我当时很年轻，想到将在一个女人手下干活，就觉得是最大的侮辱 第四单元
我的父亲是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的亲密朋友。做为一个腼腆的年轻的来访者来到爱因斯坦的家里时，我感到舒适，因为爱因斯坦说，\"我有东西要给你看。\"他走到他的桌前返回来时带着一个游游。他试图给我看它是怎样工作的但他没有办法让它的线绕回去。当该我来玩时，我展示我的一点技巧并向他指出绕得不正确的线使这个玩具失去了平衡。爱因斯坦点头，并对我的技术与知识留下了印象。后来，我买了一个新的游游做为圣诞节礼物寄给教授，我收到一首答谢诗。
做为一个小孩和做为一个成人，我一直都想了解身为名人的爱因斯坦。他是我认识的所有的这样的人中的一个，他承认他自身的有限性并与他周围的世界和平相处。他知道他想要的是什么并且他想要的仅仅是这个：
理解在他做为一个人的限度之内宇宙的特性和在它的作用中的逻辑与简单性。他知道在他的智力所能达到的地方之外有答案。但这不能使他沮丧。他要尽自己的可能来努力。
在我们的23年的友谊里，我从未看到他显示出嫉妒、空虚、痛苦、生气、怨恨，或者个人的野心。他显得不受这些强烈情绪的影响。他超越了一切虚荣。虽然他与这个世界上最著名的人们中的一些人通信，但他的信笺只有一个水印的符号——W——是伍尔沃思连锁店的标记。
做工作时他只需要一只铅笔和一张纸。物质的事情对于他意味着什么也不存在。我从不知道他带钱因为他从不用钱。他信奉朴素，如此之深以至于他仅仅使用安全剃须刀沾水剃胡须。当我建议他试用剃须膏时，他说，\"这把剃须刀与水一起就可以了。\" \"但教授，你为什么不试一次这种膏呢？\"我争辩道。\"它使递须更平滑更少疼痛。\" 他耸耸肩。最后，我送给他一管递须膏。第二天早晨当他下楼来吃早餐时，他正因为一个新的大的发现而快乐。\"你知道，那膏真正有效，\"他宣布说。\"它没有扯胡须。感觉很棒。\"于是，他每天早晨使用这种递须膏直到这管用空为止。然后他又恢复使用平常的水。 爱因斯坦是一位纯粹而完全的理论家。他对于自己的思想与理论的实际运用一点儿兴趣也没有。他的E=mc(c平方)恰是历史上最为著名的方程式——爱因斯坦也不会走到街上来看看反应堆制造原子能。他由于自己的光电学理论赢得了诺贝尔奖，在这个理论中有他在重要性上相互考虑得更少的一系列方程式，但他没有任何好奇心去观察他的理论如何使电视成为可能。
我的兄弟曾经送给教授一个玩具鸟，这只鸟站在一碗水的边缘并重复地将头浸入水中。爱因斯坦高兴地注视它，试图找出操作的原理。但他不能做到。
第二天早晨他宣布，\"在我上床前我考虑那只鸟比较长的时间，我想它是这样工作的......\"他开始了一次长的解释。然后他停住了，领悟到他的理论中有一个缺陷。\"不，我猜想不会是这样，\"他说。他推断各种理论达几天直到我建议我们将玩具拆开看看它是怎样工作的。他的迅速的不赞成的表情告诉我他不同意这种实践方法。他从没有说清这个原理。 另一个让爱因斯坦困惑的是他的名声。他已经创造了如此深奥并让少数相关的科学家兴奋的理论。但他的名字在文明世界家喻户晓。\"我有好的主意，其他人也有，\"他曾经说。\"但它是我的幸运因为我的观点被接受了。\"他让自己的名声弄糊涂了：人们想要见他；陌生人在街上凝视他；科学家，政治家，学生，和家庭妇女写信给他。他从不能理解为什么他得到了这种关注，为什么他就像某种特别的事物一样突出。 第六单元
一名外科大夫的成功之道- 一位著名的外科大夫告诉说，在他的经历中自信是重要的。 作者：诺兰博士
一名医生是怎样看待他成为一名外科大夫那一刻的？当我做为一名住院医生的岁月即将结束时我不止一次地这样问自己。
这个答案，我判断，是自信。当你能对自己说，\"没有外科病人我不能熟练治疗，就像其他外科大夫治疗的一样好甚至比他们还要好\"——那么，一直到这时候，你才确实是一名外科大夫。我正在期待着这一刻。
例如，我们几乎每天夜晚都要遇到紧急状态。这一年开头的几个月我害怕电话铃声响起。我知道它意味着另一次批评的机会被制造。经常，当我告诉瓦特或劳瑞在一个特殊的情形下做什么之后，我很难再入睡了。我回想这件事的全部事实，不是少有的，想知道我是否已经做了一个糟糕的决定。不止一次在凌晨2点至3点，我醒着躺在床上一个小时，就起床，穿上衣服并驱车到医院看望我的病人。这是我能够找到的让心灵平静并松驰下来的惟一途径。 现在，在我的住院实习的最后一个月，睡觉不再是一个问题。依然有我不能确定我的决定是否正确的情形，但我已经了解到一名外科大夫存在的经常的问题，他从来不能够完全能解决——并且我能够与它同在。于是，我做出了一个深思熟虑的决定，我不再想这事。回想将是无助的并且我知道凭我的知识与能力，我所做出的决定是正确的。这是一种很不错的感觉。 在手术室里，我通常是自信的。我知道我有知识、技术，和在以往实践中遭遇到的紧急情形的把握能力。没有更多的紧张当我切开一个腹部或一个胸腔时。我知道即使这个病例不能够预见前进中的问题，但我能够把握住我发现的什么。我出的汗流过戳伤的肺、刺穿的胃和粉碎性骨折的我的部分。我已经流汗淌过这些部位有5年了。我不需要出更多的汗。 现在我也不害怕出错。当我结束实习期后我知道自己不可避免地要出一次又一次错，并且为不需要做手术的人做了手术或者忽视了某人的这种情形。5年前——甚至一年前——我还不能够单独地为自己判断上出现的错误负责任。现在我能够。我仍然害怕出错——我会尽量做得好一些以避免它——但我知道它们是一名外科大夫生命中的一部分。我能够镇静地接受这个事实因为我知道我是不能够避免错误的，别的外科大夫也难以避免。 这些话听起来挺自负的并且我猜它是如此——但一个外科大夫需要良好的自我感觉。他需要它鼓励他在努力的这一刻当他困惑于医疗过程中常有的怀疑与不确定时。他不得不感觉他与世界上其他所有的外科大夫一样好甚至还要强。称之为自负——称它为自信；无论它是什么，我拥用它 第九单元
究竟什么是智力？
阿西莫夫解释，为什么智力低些的反而能在智力测验时取得高分。 作者：艾萨克·阿西莫夫
究竟什么是智力？当我在军队里时我遇到一种所有士兵参加的能力测试，对应通常的100分，会给160分。基地里还没有人看到那样一种数字并且两个小时时间他们让我造成不必要的紧张（这不意味着任何事情。第二天做为我的最高的职位我仍然是一名厨房值勤的列兵。） 在我的一生中，我一直在登记着那样的分数，以至于我产生了自满的感觉我是高智商的，并且我期待其他人也是这样认为。实际上，虽然如此的分数并不简单地表明我在回答那种典型的学术性问题时是很好的，这些问题被那些设计智力测验的人们认为值得回答——那些人的智力与我的近似？ 例如，我曾经有一名汽车修理工，我估计他在这些智力测验方面是不可能有高过80的分数。我总是据此以为我是比他聪明得多的。但是，我的汽车出了任何问题时我总是赶紧让他来维修，当他检查汽车的零部件时我烦恼地看着他，听着他的似乎是圣言的判断——并且他总能修好我的汽车。
于是，就建议我的汽车修理工为一个智力测验设计问题。或者建议一位木匠这么做，或者一位农民，或者其他人，的确，除了院士以外的所有人。通过这些测验中的每一个证明，我自己是一个低能者。并且我已经是一名低能者。在一个我不能使用我所受的学院训练和我的口才但不得不用我的双手来做复杂或粗糙的工作的世界里，我会做得很糟糕。所以，我的智力不是绝对的。它的价值被我所生活的这个社会所决定。它的数字价值被这个社会的已经设计了它的一小部分人所决定并将其强加于做为如此事情的公断人的我们中的其他部分。 再次考虑到我的汽车修理工。他有一个无论什么时候都告诉我笑话的习惯。有一次他从车头盖下面抬起头来说：\"博士，一位聋哑小伙子走进硬件仓库要些钉子。他将两根手指头一起放在柜台上并用另一只手做锤的动作。这个伙计给他一把锤子。他摇头并指着他正在锤的两根手指头。这位伙计带给他钉子。他挑出他想要的尺寸的，离开了。好，博士，第二个进来的小伙子是瞎子。他想要剪刀。你建议他怎样要求它们？\" 我举起我的右手并用前面的两根手指头做剪的动作。随后我的汽车修理工开心地笑了并说，\"为什么，你真蠢，他用他的声音来要求剪刀。\"接着他沾沾自喜地说，\"我今天已经在我所有的顾客身上试了。\"\"你套住了多少？\"我问。\"相当少，\"他说，\"但我确信地知道我套住了你。\"\"为什么呢？\"我问。\"因为你是如此受了教育，博士，我知道你是不可能很聪明的。\" 因此我有一种不舒服的感觉因为他说的有些道理。
第19篇：英语课文翻译
课文1翻译
美国不像我们以前想象的那样，招人喜欢；在国际社会上形象很差。这很大程度上是由我们自己国家的交流媒介造成的。在过去的十年中，我感觉这种情况日益明显。这些年，我游历多个国家，诸如： „„, 所到之处，我都能在电视的任何频道观看到ＣＮＮ新闻，美国影视节目。对此我感到十分惊讶。
世界各地的观众都可以看到好莱坞制作的几乎每一部匪片、贫民窟犯罪片。影片描绘各色形象：富有而过分放纵奢靡的美国生活方式，以及平民窟的暴力犯罪、吸毒、卖淫嫖娼等等。
除此以外， CNN滚动播报，更新各类新闻：牧师奸淫、美国安然公司对金融的操控、白宫/国会的最新丑闻、对竞选中非法募捐的指控、校园暴力、乡村吸毒问题、佛罗里达州总统选举选票重复计票的政治指控。 凡此种种负面新闻就像在本地（美国国内）得以滚动播报一样，在海外也得以滚动重复播报。
我们无法从（上述）种种现象中找到真正的美国形象---我们想要其他国家的人民所了解的美国。传媒没有能够凸显出我们所珍惜的美国价值观---诸如：宗教、言论自由，扶贫济困的慈善行为、政府行为的公开化。
一群巴西妈妈们对由普通美国民众生活反映出来的美国形象的曲解给我留下深刻印象。她们原准备把孩子送到印第安纳州一所中学进行交流学习项目，但是，她们担心孩子们（在美）的安全，还担心孩子们会受毒品的影响/接触到毒品/ 沾上毒品。
海外留学生也证实了这个国家所传达的信息中有这种扭曲的形象。学生们跟我谈到他们害怕来这里(指美国)，谈到他们的家长担心他们的安全。那他们是从哪里感知到美国国内生活的呢？当然是电视 ---一种日益唾手可得的媒介工具，以及日益增多的媒体受众可以轻易得到的卫星新闻和成功销售海外的美国电视节目。
千万不要误解我的意思。新闻媒体的自由和各类资讯及政府文书的开放是使得我国完善执法、司法、政治、及政府系统的两个根本原因。问题是：新闻媒介反复把我们的社会问题传播给国际受众，而他们对媒体传播方式又缺乏了解。如果没有一个参照框架，不了解什么是我们认为的娱乐，什么是事实，不了解新闻在一个开放社会里报道的方式，只通过新闻媒介、电视节目来传播美国的生活并使之形象化将会导致人们对美国生活的误解多过了解。
那么，我们对新闻媒体是疏还是堵？要通过娱乐业投射出什么样的特殊信息？问题的答案在于我们如何平衡我们的传播交流，对其加以改变以增进人们对所接受信息的了解。美国政府、媒介成员、影视行业以及旅居国外的美国人必须携手共同承担责任。在此我对其各自分担的角色提出以下建议：
政府的角色： 华盛顿政府应该也必须负起领导责任，对我们，作为一个国家，对外应投射出什么样的形象进行监控，告诫国民、决策者应该采取什么步骤来建立国际社会对美国价值观的了解
娱乐行业的角色：应鼓励他们发展其自身的行业政策，并担负起责任。在对海外销售、发行电影、电视节目时，为海外观众建立一个他们所缺乏的参照，让他们了解什么是虚幻的，什么是真实的。在决定什么时候提供给海外观众信息，让他们明白什么是真，什么是幻，对影视节目所反映的问题已经采取了或正在采取什么解决措施等方面，好的管理判断能力一定能奏效。前言或补充说明能非常有助于（国际观众）了解（美国）。
新闻媒体的角色：诸如ＣＮＮ之类的国际新闻提供者在报道新闻事件时应该认清其特殊的责任。这样的话，生活在其他文化中的新闻受众将会有一个参照来理解他们所接收信息的背景。对美国公开的法律文件、司法系统、消费者投资者保护法、教育质量、美国社会中媒体所扮演的角色、承担的责任等进行解释说明。仅举几例说明海外媒体受众所需的方向标杆。由于缺乏共同的经历，我们不能想当然地以为其它国家的媒体受众也会和美国媒体受众（对美国的新闻事件）有着同样的理解。
美国海外游子的角色：我们的政府有必要提醒国人，当他们旅行时，他们是游客。此时，他们就成为美国形象的模范代表，人们从他们身上来了解所有美国人。政府还必须提醒国人不要忘记我们所持的价值观以及我们所享有的重要的民主进步。美国人得明白他们有责任向他人阐述这些价值观以及自己如何受惠于这些价值观。最为重要的是，随着全球相互依存性的日益增强，美国人应该大胆地阐述为什么他们觉得这些价值观对于维护世界和平具有普遍的重要意义。我们采取以上行动时，在改变美国形象方面，我们就已经跨越了一大步。
课文2翻译
来自华盛顿地区的300多名歌手，还有来自西非的著名舞蹈团，最近在华盛顿交响合唱艺术团举行15届 年度交响演唱会。为小马丁· 卢瑟国王博士献礼。仅仅一晚上，肯尼迪艺术表演中心满座音乐会提供经 典传统音乐， 还有献礼工作的新表现形式的世界首演。 和存在已久的华盛顿传统演唱， 为这位已遇害的， 想通过非暴力手段建立和平的公民平等权力领导人举行生日庆典。
这是一件人道主义的大事，就是这一庆贺活动把我们联系在一起，每个人都一样，没有什么比音乐会 更好的了，怎么说也没有比这更好的了，‖诺曼· 斯克雷伯纳解释道。他是华盛顿交响合唱艺术团的创始 人和指挥者，国内一个著名的交响合唱艺术团。
为马丁· 卢瑟国王生日举行的传统音乐会是他留下的遗产，是如此的强有力，简直令人难以置信。它真 正架起了横跨20世纪的长桥。‖他说：―国王他自己的生命没有超过整个世纪，但当你考虑这一个世纪发 生了什么事件时，你就开始明白为什么国内各种宗派集团必须要和平相处生活，不仅仅是必须，而且要 欢乐欣喜的生活，马丁· 卢瑟就揭示了20世纪的这种趋势体验，并成为这一事业的主要代言人。
除了几个华盛顿地区的演唱团单独表演以外，斯克雷伯纳先生说，他非常兴奋的是他们能够走到一块，进行一项特别特别委托工作的世界首演。这一年，题目为―Truth Preed to Earth‖合唱曲上演，作曲者、演唱者--塞也· 巴恩沃尔，她供职于世界知名的合唱团―甜蜜蜜摇滚乐团‖。
并且，它们全部来自马丁· 卢瑟国王的著作‖斯克雷伯纳解释说―她对国王说过的话进行了彻底调查，她 想找出哪些话与当今世界有关。如果国王还在世，他以前说过的哪些事情，特别早于1968前他被害的那 些，现在的话他该如何说？并且她已完成了难以置信的文章精选和非常好的音乐精品，并且全部写进剧目，我相信，它会成为首唱乐曲‖。
除了塞也· 巴恩沃尔的新作品，马丁· 卢瑟国王荣誉交响合唱会包括一个新闻短片----国王的―我有一个梦‖ 演讲。有西非坎库化舞蹈艺术团的舞蹈表演。总导演诺曼· 斯克雷伯纳，他是循道宗信徒的儿子，说道： 马丁· 卢瑟国王的生日演唱会敲响了每一个人的内心和弦。
我终生都是通过自己的心灵透镜看待任何事情，并且这音乐会是你最易接近的精神乐事。‖他说，―我 们做了一些事，是为广大基督教大众，拉丁系大众，基督教爱心故事，罕得尔《弥赛亚》 ，以及精彩的 宗教作品。在马丁· 卢瑟国王的祝词中，你们可探讨一些在最基础层面如何影响每一个人，对我来说， 我将全身心完成它，同样，我也全身投入完成其它的音乐，但这一次，我实在有点不能自持，每年终了， 我忍不住落泪，这是发自肺腑的事情。‖诺曼斯克雷伯纳，华盛顿交响合唱艺术团的导演，在肯尼迪艺 术表演中心举行的小马丁· 卢瑟国王献礼合唱会如是说。
课文3翻译Unit 3 enjoy the great outdoors
很少有国家像美国那样具有各种各样诱人的户外活动。除热带气候外，各种气候都具备。阿拉斯加的极 地气候，加利福尼州北部的地中海式气候，东北部和西北部的温带气候，佛罗里达州的亚热带气候，亚 里桑那州和新墨西哥州的沙漠气候。加利福尼亚的死亡之谷，在夏季始终保持着全世界的最高温度，有 时高达132华氏度。
至于山水，那可是多种多样，引人入胜，颇为壮观。西部有落基山脉和内华达山脉，那里白雪皑皑；在 东部，有森林覆盖的阿拉巴契山脉，它的最高峰近7000英尺。这儿有丰富的瀑布群和涓涓小河，既有祥 和宁静的小湖泊，也有像 GREAT LAKES 那样的大湖，这里有世界上最大的淡水湖—--苏必利尔湖。 那里的波浪像大海波涛一样汹涌澎湃。冬春季节，亚里桑那、科罗拉多、和新墨西哥州和洁静滑雪和眼 花缭乱的多彩岩石吸引了大批宿营人.在美国最值得一瞧的是宿营人、野炊人和度假人的便利。高速路、高等公路、未铺油的二等公路四通八 达，从你动身之处一直到野外。在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！
美国为野外活动爱好者们所作的特殊贡献就是建立了众多的国家公园， 及州立公园， 这些公园布局漂亮， 体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边有许多野营营地，这些营地，或隐匿在海滩一连串的沙丘后，或 在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里，几乎能找到地方野餐，这些地方设备齐全，全都配有木制桌 子、长凳、垃圾桶和洗手间。
有很多美国人，不管老少，更愿自己开车野营。车型多种多样，有特别豪华奢侈的，也有可折叠的轻型 皮卡，许多野营者豪华程度难以想像，深色的冰箱，微波炉，长绒地毯到彩电，可以很舒服给四个人提 供宿膳。但这并不仅仅是富人的专利。
许多老夫妇把他们大部分积蓄花费在―车轮子上的家‖，一年中的大半时间在国内游历，在他们的有生之 年仍然心醉于渴望到开阔的地方，并且这也是一种省钱的生活方式，如果汽油价格上扬，他们就将减少游历。
即使是行装最简的野营者也不能够穿过陡峭险峻、蜿蜒曲折的通往野外的山间小路，这时野营者常常把 他们的自行车或摩托车捆在野营地前面，然后一身轻松地穿过山间小路，穿过沙漠或森林.还有其他借助于四驱车旅行全国的游历者，四驱车上装着独木舟或竹筏子，下水划船游历。这些小溪由 国家公园服务处管理。通往野外，这些探险者可在小河边宿营，但禁止进入内陆腹地。不准打猎，可以 钓鱼，许多小河蜿蜒曲折，水流湍急，从深谷中或从森林茂密的深壑中流出。有时，偶尔与护林员相遇， 沿河顠游，自担风险.骑马旅行是时兴但花费较贵的运动，在得克萨斯州有旅游大牧场。你可以停在与它边界毗连的地方（相 当贵的）做一回牛仔们的生活。其他的户外探险运动，到密歇根密林，穿雪鞋旅行，在各州的雪上开车 旅行，在洛基山脉和阿拉斯加的划雪，冲浪、划水、和狩猎。你可以做美国人―伟大的户外活动者‖可作 的许多的其他事情。
第20篇：英语课文翻译
Apology of Socrates
Let us reflect and we shall see that there is great reason to hope that death is a good; for one of two things — either death is a state of nothingne and utter(完全的) unconsciousne, or, as men say, there is a change and migration of the soul from this world to another.Now if you suppose that there is no consciousne, but a sleep like the sleep of him who is undisturbed even by dreams, death will be an unspeakable gain.For if a person were to select the night in which his sleep was undisturbed by dreams, and were to compare with this the other days and nights of his life, and then were to tell us how many days and nights he had paed in the course of his life better and more pleasantly than this one, I think that any man, I will not say a private man, but even the great king will not find many such days and nights, when compared with the others.Now if death be of such a nature, I say that to die is a gain; for eternity is then only a single night.But if death is the journey to another place, and there, as men say, all the dead abide, what good, my friends and judges, can be greater than this? 我们如果从另一角度来思考死亡，就会发觉有绝大理由相信死亡是件好事。死亡可能是以下两种情形其中之一：或者完全没有知觉的虚无状态，或是人们常说的一套，灵魂经历变化，由这个世界移居到另一个世界。
倘若你认为死后并无知觉，死亡犹如无梦相扰的安眠，那么死亡真是无可形容的得益了。如果某人要把安恬无梦的一夜跟一生中的其它日子相比，看有多少日子比这一夜更美妙愉快，我想他说不出有多少天。不要说平民，就是显赫的帝王也如此。
如果这就是死亡的本质，永恒不过是一夜。倘若死亡一如人们常说的那样，只是迁徙到另一个世界，那里寄居了所有死去的人，那么，我的诸位朋友，法官，还有什么事情比这样来得更美妙呢？
If indeed when the pilgrim arrives in the world below, he is delivered from the profeors of justice in this world, and finds the true judges who are said to give judgment there, Minos and Rhadamanthus and Aeacus and Triptolemus, and other sons of God who were righteous(正直的) in their own life, that pilgrimage will be worth making.What would not a man give if he might converse with Orpheus and Musaeeus and Hesiod and Homer? Nay, if this be true, let me die again.I myself, too, shall have a wonderful interest in there meeting and conversing with Palamedes, and Ajax the son of Telamon, and any other ancient hero who has suffered death through an unjust judgment; and there will be no small pleasure, as I think, in comparing my own suffering with theirs.Above all, I shall then be able to continue my search into true and false knowledge; as in this world, so also in the next; and I shall find out who is wise, and who pretends to be wise, and who is not.What would not a man give, my judges, to be able to examine the leader of the great Trojan expedition(远征); or Odyeus or Sisyphus, or numberle others, men and women too! What infinite delight would there be in conversing with them and asking them questions! In another world they do not put a man to death for asking questions; auredly not.For besides being happier than we are, they will be immortal, if what is said is true.假若这游历者到达地下世界时，摆脱了尘世的审判官，却在这里碰见真淳正直的法官迈诺、拉达门塞斯、阿克斯、特立普托马斯，以及一生公正的诸神儿子，那么这历程就确实有意义了。如果可以跟俄耳甫斯、谬萨尤斯、赫西亚德、荷马相互交谈，谁不愿意舍弃一切？要是死亡真是这样，我愿意不断受死。
我很希望碰见帕拉默底斯、蒂拉蒙的儿子埃杰克斯以及受不公平审判而死的古代英雄，和他们一起与某人交谈。我相信互相比较我们所受的苦难会是件痛快的事情。
更重要的是，我可以像在这个世界时一样，在那个新世界里继续探求事物的真伪，我可以认清谁是真正的才智仁人，谁只是假装聪明。
法官们啊，谁不愿舍弃一切，以换取机会研究这远征特洛伊的领袖——奥德修斯、西昔法斯和无数其他的男男女女！他们交谈，向他们请教，将是何等快乐的事情！在那个世界里，绝不会有人仅仅因为发问而被处死！如果传说属实，住在那里的人除了比我们快乐之外，还能得到永生。
Wherefore, my judges, be of good cheer about death, and know of a certainty, that no evil can happen to a good man, either in life or after death.He and his are not neglected by the gods; nor has my own approaching end happened by mere chance.I am not angry with my condemners, or with my accusers; they have done me no harm, although they did not mean to do me any good; and for this I may gently blame them.Still I have a favor to ask of them.When my sons are grown up, I would ask you, my friends, to punish them, and I would have you trouble them, as I have troubled you, if they seem to care about riches, or anything, more than about virtue; or if they pretend to be something when they are nothingI to die, and you to live.Which is better only God knows.法官们啊，不必为死亡而感到丧气，要知道善良的人无论生前死后都不会遭恶果，他和家人不会为诸神抛弃。快要降临在我身上的结局非偶然发生。我清楚知道现在对我来说，死亡比在世更佳。我可以摆脱一切烦恼，因为未有神谕显现。为了同样的理由，我不怨恨起诉者或是将我判死罪的人，他们虽对我不怀善意，却未令我受害。不过，我可要稍稍责怪他们的不怀善意。
可是我仍然要请你们为我做一件事情。诸位朋友，我的几个儿子成年后，请为我教导他们。如果他们把财富或其它事物看得比品德重，请像我烦劝你们那样烦劝他们。如果他们自命不凡，那么，请像我谴责你们那样谴责他们，因为他们忽视了事物的本质，本属藐小而自命不凡。你们倘能这样做，我和我的儿子便会自你们手中得到公正。
离别的时刻到了，我们得各自上路——我走向死亡，你们继续活着。至于生与死孰优，只有神明方知。
The Three New Yorks
There are roughly three New Yorks.There is, first, the New York of the man or woman who was born here, who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable.Second, there is the New York of the commuter — the city that is devoured(充满) by locusts(蝗虫) each day and spat out(吐出) each night.Third, there is the New York of the person who was born somewhere else and came to New York in quest of something.Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last — the city of final destination, the city that is a goal.It is this third city that accounts for New Yorks high-strung(高度紧张的) disposition, its poetical deportment, and its dedication to the arts, and its incomparable achievements.Commuters give the city its tidal(潮汐的) restlene, natives give it solidarity(团结) and continuity, but the settlers give it paion.
Whether it is a farmer arriving from Italy to set up a small grocery store in a slum(贫民窟), or a young girl arriving from a small town in Miiippi to escape the indignity(侮辱) of being observed by her neighbors, or a boy arriving from the Corn Belt with a manuscript(手稿) in his suitcase and a pain in his heart, it makes no difference: each embraces(拥抱) New York with the intense excitement of first love, each absorbs New York with the fresh eyes of an adventurer, each generates heat and light to dwarf the Consolidated Edison Company.
大致说来，有三个纽约。首先是那些土生土长的男男女女的纽约，他们对这座城市习以为常，认为它有这样的规模和喧嚣，乃是自然而然、不可避免的。其次是家住郊区、乘公交车到市内上班的人们的纽约——这座城市每到白天就被如蝗的人群吞噬进去，每到晚上又给吐出来。第三是外来人的纽约，他们生于他乡，到纽约来寻求机缘。在这三座充满骚动的城市中，最了不起的是最后一座——那座被视为最终归宿的城市，视为追寻目标的城市。正是由于这第三座城市，纽约才有了紧张的特性、诗人的气质、对艺术的执着追求和无与伦比的成就。上班族给纽约带来了潮汐般时涨时落的骚动，当地人保证了纽约的稳固和持续发展，而外来人则赋予纽约以激情。
无论是从意大利来到贫民窟开小杂货店的农夫，还是从密西西比州某小镇跑出来躲避邻居的淫秽目光的年轻姑娘，还是从玉米地带满怀酸楚地拎着手稿跑来的小伙子，情况都没有什么两样：每个人都怀着初恋的激情拥抱纽约，每个人都以冒险家的新奇目光审视纽约，每个人散发出的光和热，足以令爱迪生联合电气公司相形见绌。
The commuter is the queerest bird of all.The suburb he inhabits(居住) has no eential vitality(活力) of its own and is a mere roost(栖木) where he comes at day’s end to go to sleep.Except in rare cases, the man who lives in Mamaroneck or Little Neck or Teaneck, and works in New York, discovers nothing much about the city except the time of arrival and departure of train and buses, and the path to a quick lunch.He is desk-bound, and has never, idly(空闲地) roaming(漫步) in the gloaming(黄昏), stumbled suddenly on Belvedere Tower in the park, seen the ramparts(壁垒) rise sheer from the water of the pond, and the boys along the shore fishing for minnows, girls stretched out negligently(疏忽地) on the shelves of the rocks; he has never come suddenly on anything at all in New York as a loiterer(混日子的人), because he had no time between trains.He has fished in Manhattan’s wallet and dug out coins, but has never listened to Manhattan’s breathing, never awakened to its morning, never dropped off to sleep in its night.上班族是天下最怪异的人。他们居住的郊区没有自身的勃勃生机，仅仅是他们晚上回来睡觉的栖息所。那些住在马马罗内克、利特尔内克、蒂内克，到纽约上班的人，除个别情况外，对这座城市了无所知，只晓得火车汽车到站离站的时间、去快餐店的路径。这些人整日伏案工作，从来没有闲暇徜徉在暮色之中，意外地走到公园里的观景塔跟前，瞧见湖中突兀而起的防护堤，沿着湖边钓米诺鱼的男孩，大大咧咧地舒展着身子躺在石台上的女孩。他们从未在纽约游游逛逛偶然遇见什么，因为他们从下火车到再上火车，这中间是没有闲工夫的。他们把手伸到曼哈顿的钱包里捞钱，抓到几个微不足道的小钱，但却从未聆听过曼哈顿的鼻息，从未在醒来时见到曼哈顿的早晨，也从未在曼哈顿的夜幕中入睡过。
About 400,000 men and women come charging onto to the Island each week-day morning, out of the mouths of tubes and tunnels.Not many among them have ever spent a drowsy(昏昏欲睡的) afternoon in the great rustling(瑟瑟声) oaken(橡木制的) silence of the reading room of the Public Library, with the book elevator (like an old water wheel) spewing out(涌出) books onto the trays(托盘).They tend their furnaces(炉子) in Westchester and in Jersey, but have never seen the furnaces of the Bowery, the fires that burn in oil drums on zero winter nights.They may work in the financial district downtown and never see the extravagant(奢侈的) plantings of Rockefeller Center—the daffodils(水仙花) and grape hyacinths(麝香兰) and birches(桦树) of the flags trimmed to the wind on the fine morning in spring.Or they may work in a midtown office and may let a whole year swing round without sighting Governor’s Island from the sea wall.The commuter dies with tremendous mileage to his credit, but he is no rover(流浪者).His entrances and exits are more devious(弯曲的) than those in a prairie-dog village; and he calmly plays bridge while his train is buried in the mud at the bottom of the East River.The Long Island Rail Road alone carried forty million commuters last year; but many of them were the same fellow retracing his steps.每个工作日的早晨，大约有40万男男女女走出地道口、隧道口，涌上曼哈顿岛。他们之中没有多少人跑到公共图书馆沉寂得只能听到沙沙声的阅览室，懒洋洋地度过一个下午，看着图书传送机像旧水轮一样，将书吐在书盘里。他们在韦斯特切斯特和泽西烧火炉，却从未见过鲍厄里街在气温降至零度的冬夜用油桶烧火取暖。他们可能在市中心的金融区工作，却从未见过洛克菲勒中心那枝繁叶茂的花木—春光明媚的早晨，黄水仙、风信子和莺尾花，齐崭崭地迎风摇曳。他们的办公地点可能位于商业区和居住区之间，可是一年到头也没从海堤上眺望过加弗纳斯岛。上班族一生中有着惊人的行程，但是从未东游西逛过。他们进进出出的地方比草原犬鼠的地洞群还要曲曲弯弯。即使火车陷进东河底的淤泥中，他们也会若无其事地只管打桥牌。去年，仅长岛铁路就运载了4千万上班族，只不过许多人是反反复复往返乘车罢了。
The terrain of New York is such that a resident sometimes travels farther,in the end,than a commuter.The journey of the composer Irving Berlin from Cherry Street in the lowest East Side to an apartment uptown was through an alley and only three or four miles in lenth;but it was like going three times around the world.纽约的地形比较特别：有时，这里的常住居民最终会比上班族走的路还要远。作曲家Irving Berlin从下东区的切里街走到住宅区的住所，中间只经过一个小巷， 只有
三、四公里的距离；但他却像绕地球走了3圈。
New York will bestow the gift of loneline and the gift of privacy.It is this large that accounts for the presence within the city\'s walls of a considerable section of the population; for the residents of Manhattan are to a large extent strangers who have pulled up stakes somewhere and come to town, seeking sanctuary or fulfillment or some greater or leer grail.The capacity to make such dubious gifts is a mysterious quality of New York.It can destroy an individual, or it can fulfill him, depending a good deal on luck.No one should come to New York to live unle he is willing to be lucky.
纽约会送上两件礼物：孤寂和私密。正是这种大度解释了城市人口中相当一部分人的存在，因为曼哈顿居民中多的是异乡客，他们背井离乡，到这儿来寻求庇护，或实现抱负，要不就是追求别的什么大大小小的目标。得以向人送上如此不成其为礼物的礼物，乃是纽约一种谜一般的特质，它可毁掉一个人，也可成全他，很大程度上全看此人运气如何。不愿交好运的人可别来纽约居住。
Although New York often imparts a feeling of great forlornne or forsakenne, it seldom seems dead or unresourceful; and you always feel that either by shifting your location ten blocks or by reducing your fortune by five dollars you can experience rejuvenation.Many people who have no real independence of spirit depend on the city’s tremendous variety and sources of excitement for spiritual sustenance and maintenance of morale.In the country there are a few chances of sudden rejuvenation—a shift in weather, perhaps, or something arriving in the mail.But in New York the chances are endle.I think that although many persons are here from some exce of spirit (which caused them to break away from their small town), some, too, are here from a deficiency of spirit, who find in New York a protection, or an easy substitution.纽约虽说时常给人一种沉重的失落感或被遗弃感，城市却难得显出死气沉沉或一筹莫展的样子，反倒是你总拥有一种希望：越过10条马路搬次家，或是花去5美元，就能重新焕发青春。许多缺乏独立精神的人依赖城市巨大的多样性和兴奋源，来求得精神上的耐久力并保持振奋。在乡下，青春得以突然重新焕发的偶然机会不是没有 —— 也许是天气的骤变，要不收到一封让你惊喜的邮件。可是在纽约，这样的机会无穷无尽。在我看来，尽管有不少人是由于精神追求过度到这儿来的（这使他们逼着自己离开小城），也有些人是因为精神贫乏到纽约来的，并在此找到了保护或是轻而易举得到了易地取代的报偿。
Celebrating Entrepreneurs I want to tell Jack Ma what an honor it is to be here representing the United States Embay, representing the people of America, representing so many friends in China – many of whom you trade with, invest with, you’ve studied with in university and schools in China and the United States.It truly is an honor to be here in Hangzhou.I think Hangzhou is perhaps the most beautiful city in all of China.It is historic, it is sophisticated(复杂的，久经世故的), it is culture, and it is the home of the Alibaba gathering – in its 7th year in a row.And it’s just an unbelievable opportunity to be able to look out at so many representatives of emerging industry and busine here in China.I am just so very honored to be here. You know so much more about the iues and the subject matter than I do.我想告诉马云，非常容幸能来到这里，代表美国大使馆，代表美国人民，代表中国这么多的朋友，在座的很多人都是在美国学习或者是美国人交朋友，做生意，有很多的交往，真的非常高兴来到杭州这个美丽的城市，我认为杭州在整个中国最漂亮的城市了。它是历史名城，一个成熟有底蕴的城市，有深厚的文化底蕴，而且是阿里巴巴的网商大会的一个主场。而且看到来自这么多网商在中国正在冉冉升起的一个网络行业，网商的行业的年轻人，我相信大家对这个主题比我了解的更多，所以对我来说我其实在这里就是在班门弄斧了。
Now, the main reason for coming to Hangzhou today is to offer up a challenge, and it starts with many of you right here in this room.The challenge is simple, it goes like this: entrepreneurs of the world, it is time to unite.I\'m convinced this is a historic time for our two countries to unite around iues of innovation and the development, advancement, and protection of ideas -- the fuel that fires the engines of entrepreneurs everywhere in the world, leveling the playing field, of all competitors.来到杭州主要的原因其实对我来说也是一个挑战，你们今天来了很多人，其实这个挑战就是很简单的，我这么说吧，是在座的企业精神可以联合的， 企业家团结起来。我很相信这一点，这是一个历史性的时刻，我们应该遵循进步、保护以及创新的精神团结起来，我们精神的引擎应该点燃全世界，我们应该有个非常公平的竞争的场地跟环境。
Hangzhou also has a special place in the revitalized(复兴) U.S.-China relationship.We\'re coming up in the 40th anniversary of Henry Kiinger\'s historic visit here, the first tentative step toward re-establishing diplomatic relations(建交) between our two great countries.At the time, 40 years ago, the negotiations were all done face to face, secret memos were paed back and forth by hand and if you wanted to look something up you had to actually read a book.There was no internet, no email, no cell phones, no Alibaba and Jack Ma was only around 5 or 6 years old.President Nixon reportedly(据报道) enjoyed his time here at Westlake so much he said Beijing may be China\'s capitol, but Hangzhou is the country\'s heart! My Chinese friends also refer to it as Yu Mi Zhi Xiang (land of plenty).
杭州是一个很重要的地方，在中美建交的时候扮演了一个很重要的角色。基辛格国务卿访问过中国杭州，当时中美还没有恢复建交，40年之前中美建交的谈判在杭州举行，做了一些秘密的协议。实际上你要读一读历史书才知道过去的这段历史，当时没有移动电话，没有电脑，没有阿里巴巴，当时马云可能才5、6岁那么大吧。尼克松总统在西湖旁边渡过一段非常美好的时光，他说过北京是中国的都城，但是杭州是这个国家的心脏，我的朋友曾经有说过鱼米之乡。
President Nixon\'s visit here was one of the great diplomatic(外交的) breakthroughs in recent American history.It was a time (before many of you were born) of estrangement(疏远), not cooperation between the United States and China.Our relations were largely defined by the hostilities in Korea and Vietnam, and the conflicts between capitalism(资本主义) and communism(共产主义).It took visionary leadership on both sides of the Pacific to bring these two countries together and so much of that hard work happened right here in Hangzhou.Predictably, we continued to have our differences, and sometimes we still do.But those meetings, over 40 years ago, marked a signal shift in our relationship, from opposition to, at its best, genuine(真正的) cooperation and mutual benefit.But the 1970\'s were in many other ways a very difficult time in the United States.The Vietnam War sparked tremendous domestic(国内的) upheaval(剧变).Our economy stalled(停止), we were battered by stagflation(经济滞涨), high unemployment and declining living standards.Millions of Americans were ready to close our borders and turn inward.尼克松总统访问杭州可以说是最近美国历史上的一大突破。这是发生在你们出生之前的一段时间，这也说明了中美之间合作的重要性。当时美国的关系跟韩国、中国都是很敌对的，我们认为你们是共产主义者，你们认为我们是资本家。但是因为两国领导人的远见，我们两国走到了一起，很多重大的事件就从杭州开始。可以预言，很多的差异还会继续的弥合，当然现在还有很多的差异。你想40多年前这么大的差异都可以弥合，我们过去从敌对变成了最好的、最真诚的合作伙伴，同时是互利的一个合作关系。
70年代，从很多角度来看都是对美国人来讲是非常艰难的一个时刻。当时的越南战争对我们国家造成了巨大的创伤，同时我们当时是在非常高的生活水平上，但是整个经济滞胀，我们的总统又被暗杀了，当时美国整体的经济模式都遭到了挑战，有人预言说美国要走下坡路了，他们会失去在世界舞台的地位，其实在美国内部来讲的话，我们也关闭了很多的国界线。
But then an interesting thing happened that we have seen in other chapters of our history.Our economy bounced back stronger than ever, thanks in large part to our fundamental belief in the powers of an open marketplace.Maybe it\'s because we are a nation of immigrants, or maybe it\'s because we stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, but even during the toughest times, we always believed in the power of freedom and always valued engagement over isolationism.
但是发生了一件有意思的事情，可能在美国其他的历史篇章上又看到，发现美国又回到了一个非常好的经济发展渠道上。这可能是有赖于我们很高的雇佣率，很低的失业率，以及很强大的经济基础，既使是在当时最艰难的时刻，我们也一直坚信不已，一个开放的市场是非常重要的，参与是非常重要的。
We welcomed tens of thousands of international students (maybe even some of you or your family members) to our universities, as we continue to do today.Students who return to their home countries armed with uniquely American ideas and approaches, planting their own seeds of innovation and enterprise.We attracted brainpower(智囊团) to the United States, and we still do.Talent helped fuel our economic engine when we needed it the most and became valued and equal members of American society.We created industry clusters(产业集群) where scientists and entrepreneurs could interact and exchange ideas – creating incubators(培养器) for future ideas and future busine opportunities – this, too, continues today.The best example and one I am sure you are all familiar with, is Silicon Valley, which not only helped launch the computer revolution but established a certain recipe for succe that serves as a model for similar technology hubs(枢纽) throughout the world, from Brooklyn to Beijing.Our commitment to open markets and an open society resulted in a flurry(慌张) of innovation and new technologies that revitalized our economy, ultimately creating some 30 million new jobs.It was innovation, and the entrepreneurial culture that fostered it, that helped drag the United States out of the economic challenges and doldrums(经济不景气) of the 1970\'s and set up three decades of unprecedented growth and prosperity.我们欢迎成千上万的国际学生来到美国，也许你们某些家庭成员也去过美国的大学学习，现在我们继续欢迎外国的学生，我们有自己独特的思路，美国人有非常强的创业精神，我们美国人到目前为止还是有非常强大的精神力量，我们认为人才是美国经济的基础和引擎，我们也非常坚信社会公民的平等，我们认为企业跟科学家的合作是非常重要的，需要来交换理念，来为未来的业务机会创造一个孵化机会，这样一个理念今天还在持续，我想最好的例子大家可能都知道了，就是硅谷，我们不仅在硅谷出现了大量的电脑的创新，还看到了很多成功的案例，我们可以看到那里已经成为了很多的巨大的一个新技术的发生地，从布鲁克林到北京到充满了我们在硅谷出现的新技术，这样的新技术使得我们经济得以重振，而且产生了三千万的新工作机会，我们企业家的精神得到了在更大一部分的培养，这也直接带领美国走出了1970年的经济困境，而且持续了30年的繁荣。
Now both countries have experienced both enormous growth and change since our modern relationship began 40 years ago.I suspect the pace of change will advance beyond anyone’s comprehension in years to come.And I am gueing the driver will be the development of ideas in health, energy, transportation – just to name a few.So here\'s the question: is there a central role for innovation in the U.S.-China relationship that speaks to where we want to find ourselves in the future? If so, and I believe there is – then let\'s get moving!
40年前产生的中美建交之后，我们的经济跟文化都有了巨大的发展，我们都明白这样一种关系对未来是至关重要的，我觉得在这个过程当中，我们需要有解决能源的问题、交通的问题、通讯的问题，这只是其中一部分，我的问题就是创新在中美关系当中重要吗，我们希望未来创新是处于什么个地位，我觉得确实是的，我相信创新是最重要的一点。
In the United States we venerate(尊敬) people like Thomas Edison, who invented the light bulb. Henry Ford, who helped launch the modern automobile industry, John Rockefeller, who revolutionized the oil busine, Warren Buffet and investing, Bill Gates and Microsoft, all of them have helped define the American Dream, where you work hard, you think big and ultimately, you enjoy the fruits of your labor.And then there\'s Jack Ma, who\'s busy creating what we should probably call the Chinese Dream.He started with one of the slowest internet connections in the world.I hear it used to take Jack all day to download a single page.But if it took all day, he\'d wait all day.And slowly but surely he learned how to operate on-line.Pretty soon, he founded China\'s first internet-based company – China Pages.Today, of course, he\'s CEO of the Alibaba Group, which brings us all together today with, at least this morning, more than 50-million members.Knowing Jack, it\'ll probably be 60 million by the time I finish this speech.在美国像爱迪生发明了灯泡，同时福特发明了汽车，诺可菲尔创造了新的石油企业，巴菲特巨大的成功在投资上面，美国人总是有美国之梦，如果你努力工作，你想得远大，最终你就会收获。马云又是一个很好的案例，他创立了我们可以称之为中国之梦，他最开始的时候用得是全球连接最慢的互联网，可能你花一天的时间，马云就下载了一个页面，但是他会等一天来等这个页面，在一个月之后，他就知道如何很快的上网了，很快他居然建立了中国最早一个网络企业，叫中国黄页，后来又建立了中国最大的网络企业叫阿里巴巴，大家都知道，马云是我的一个好朋友，也许我说完话之后，他已经拥有更多的钱了。
So we\'ve all heard stories about entrepreneurs, whether they\'re Chinese or American.And the environments that produced the succe stories all seem to have four basic things in common: One, they encourage free thinking; Two, there is easy acce to information and capital(资金); Three, they welcome collaboration; Four, they tolerate failure.我觉得企业创业精神是很重要的，不管是中国美国人都一样的，需要四个基本的素质，首先他们是开放的思路，第二很快得到资金和信息，第三欢迎合作，第四他们能承受失败。
We all need to empower the entrepreneur.We all need more Jack Mas.Although cultures may be different around the world, the entrepreneurial spirit and drive for succe is the same wherever you go and we need to protect that.Entrepreneurs require an appetite for risk, capital to fuel their aspirations(愿望), a collaborative environment and respect for the power of ideas.Look at Jack Ma; he took a basic idea and expanded it, he transformed the economic model and created opportunities for millions of new businemen, not just here in China but around the world.我们都需要推动企业家精神，我们需要更多的马云，可能世界各地文化不同，但是企业家精神是成功的关键，而这种企业家精神在全球各地都是一样的。当然作为企业家，他要有冒险精神，需要有合作精神，并且尊重创意，看一下马云吧，他把一个基础的想法转变成了经济的模型，而且为很多的中小商人创造了巨大的商机，不仅是对中国，对全球的中小企业和商人都创造了伟大的机会。 We are all helping to define a new tomorrow for the U.S.-China relationship, the most important relationship today in the world.Just like our leaders did 40 years ago in Hangzhou.Their decisions were almost exclusively about Big Balance of Power politics.Today, our discuions should be about enhancing the quality of life for our citizens, finding cures for human diseases, developing new ways to power our economy and building bridges only made poible by innovators, dreamers and creators …people just like you.I have high hopes, and am terribly optimistic, for our future…Entrepreneurs of the world, it is time to unite! 我们都在一起为中美关系的未来创造更好的环境，这是全球最重要的两个大国的关系了。40年前美国也有人来到中国讲到了可能是两大大国之间的平衡，但是现在我们讲的是为我们的人民的生活品质的提高作贡献。对我们的经济寻找新 的方向，建立起桥梁，这种桥梁使得我们创新的企业家和梦想者能够取得更大的成功，我对未来充满的信心，企业家的精神在全球各地都需要联合起来，全世界的企业家团结起来。
On Friendship Few Americans stay put for a lifetime.We move from town to city to suburb, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement.With each move we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life at that time.For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships.Today millions of Americans vacation abroad, and they go not only to see new sights but also – in those places where they do not feel too strange – with the hope of meeting new people.No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend.But surely the beginning of a friendship is poible? Surely in every country people value friendship?
They do.The difficulty when strangers from two countries meet is not a lack of appreciation of friendship, but different expectations about what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being.In those European countries that Americans are most likely to visit, friendship is quite sharply distinguished from other, more casual relations, and is differently related to family life.For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment.美国人几乎没有哪一个一辈子不挪动地方。我们由小镇搬到城市，又搬到郊区，从中学到另一个州的大学，由一个地区的某个工作岗位换到别的地方的更好的职位，从把孩子养大的家，搬到打算退休以后安度晚年的家。每一次搬家，我们都不断地结交新朋友，他们成为我们新生活的一部分。
对许多人来说，夏季是建立新友谊的特殊时间。如今，上百万的美国人到国外渡假。实际上没有人指望一次旅行的结果会产生一个密友。但是一次旅行使友谊开始总是有可能的吧！每个国家的人都很重视友谊吧！
他们确实都重视友谊。来自不同国度，又从未见过面的两个人相遇之后，困难不在于他们不珍视友谊，而在于他们对于友谊所包含的内容以及友谊如何产生有不同的看法。在美国人最有可能去旅游的那几个欧洲国家，友谊与其他更为随便的人际关系有很大的区别，在这几个国家里，友谊介入家庭生活的程度也各不相同。对于法国人、德国人或是英国人来说，友谊一般包含更为特殊的内容，承担更多的义务。 But as we use the word, “friend” can be applied on a wide range of relationships – to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a close busine aociate, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a trusted confidant(密友).There are real differences among those relations for Americans – a friendship may be superficial(表面的), casual, situational or deep and enduring.But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.As they see it, people known and accepted temporarily, casually, flow in and out of Americans’ homes with little ceremony and often with little personal commitment.They may be parents of the children’s friends, house guests of neighbors, members of a committee, busine aociates from another town or even another country.Coming as a guest into an American home, the European visitor finds no visible landmarks.The atmosphere is relaxed.Most people, old and young, are called by first names.Who, then, is a friend? Even simple translation from one language to another is difficult.“You see,” a Frenchman explains, “if I were to say to you in France, ‘This is my good friend,’ that person would not be as close to me as someone about whom I said only, ‘This is my friend.’ Anyone about whom I have to say more is really le.”
我们把朋友这个词用于广泛的人际关系——包括在一个新的地方刚刚认识几个星期的人，关系密切的同事，孩提时期的玩耍伙伴，男人或女人，直至心腹至交。这些关系对美国人来说实际上还是有差别的，友情既可以是肤浅的、一般的、随情况而变的，也可以是深厚而持久的。但对于只看到我们表面举止的欧洲人来说，这种区别就不明显。
在他们眼里，那些一时认识的人和即兴结识的人，从美国人的家里进进出出，不讲什么礼节，往往也不承担什么个人义务。这些人可以是孩子朋友的父母，邻居家暂住在自己家里的客人，某个委员会的成员，从另外一个城市甚至外国来的商业伙伴。到美国人家里做客的欧洲人，看不到有什么明显的既成规矩，气氛轻松、无论老少，多数人都是互相直呼其名。
那么，什么样的人才是朋友呢？
‚朋友‛一词甚至从一种语言简单地翻译成另一种都是难的。‚你知道，‛一位法国人解释说，‚在法国，我要是对你说‘这是我的好朋友’，他其实没有我只介绍‘这是我的朋友’的人更亲密。越是要把关系说得亲密的人，关系却越是疏远一些。‛
In France, as in many European countries, friends generally are of the same sex, and friendship is seen as basically a relationship between men.Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that “women can’t be friends”, but they also admit sometimes that for women “it’s a different thing”.And many French people doubt the poibility of a friendship between a man and a woman.There is also the kind of relationship within a group – men and women who have worked together for a long time, who may be very close, sharing great loyalty and warmth of feeling.They may call one another copains – a word that in English becomes “friends” but has more the feeling of “pals” or “buddies”.In French eyes this is not friendship, although two members of such a group may well be friends.For the French, friendship is a one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awarene of the other person’s intellect, temperament(性情) and particular interest.A friend is someone who draws out your own best qualities, with whom you sparkle and become more of whatever the friendship draws upon.Our political philosophy aumes more depth, appreciation of a play becomes sharper, taste in food or wine is accentuated, enjoyment of a sport is intensified(加强的).And French friendships are compartmentalized(区分).A man may play che with a friend for thirty years without knowing his political opinions, or he may talk politics with him for as long a time without knowing about his personal life.Different friends fill different niches in each person’s life.These friendships are not made part of family life.A friend is not expected to spend evenings being nice to children or courteous(有礼貌的) to a deaf grandmother.These duties, also serious and enjoined, are primarily for relatives.Men who are friends may meet in a café.Intellectual fiends may meet in larger groups for evenings of conversation.Working people may meet at the little bistro(小酒馆) where they drink and talk, far from the family.Marriage does not affect such friendships; wives do not have to be taken into account.In the past in France, friendships of this kind seldom were open to any but intellectual women.Since most women’s lives centered on their homes, their warmest relations with other women often went back to their girlhood.The special relationship of friendship is based on what the French value most – on the mind, on compatibility(兼容性) of outlook, on vivid awarene of some chosen area of life.Friendship heightens the sense of each person’s individuality.Other relationships commanding as great loyalty and devotion have a different meaning.In World War II the first resistance groups formed in Paris were built on the foundations of les copains.But significantly, as time went on these little groups, whose lives rested in one another’s hands, called themselves “families”.Where each had a total responsibility for all, it was kinship ties that provided the mode.And even today such ties, croing every line of cla and personal interest, remain binding on(对…有约束力) the survivors of these small secret bands.像许多欧洲国家一样，法国人也认为朋友一般指同性，而且友谊主要指男人间的人际关系。对于‚女人之间不可能成为朋友‛的观点，法国妇女嗤之以鼻，不过她们有时也承认，‚女人间的友谊是另外一回事‛。许多法国人对男人与女人之间是否会有友谊感到怀疑。还有一种群体内的人际关系——包括男女在内的一些人在一起工作多年，可能关系不错、彼此信任、感情融洽。他们彼此称为法语里的copains，这个词译成英语就是‚朋友‛，不过更具‚哥们‛或‚姐妹‛的感情色彩。在法国人的眼里，这不是友谊，当然这个群体里的某两个人之间完全可以成为朋友。
对法国人来说，友谊是一种一对一的人际关系，要求双方了解彼此的智力、性格以及特殊的兴趣。朋友是能把你最优秀的品质发挥出来的人。和他在一起，你才气横溢，无论你们的友谊源于哪方面，你在这方面会变得更加充实。你对政治的见解会深化，你对戏剧的鉴赏力会更加敏锐，你对美食和美酒的品尝会更尽兴，你对某项运动的爱好会加强。
法国式的友谊有具体的分工。一个人可能与一位朋友下了三十年的棋而不知道他的政治观点，也可能与他谈论了三十年的政治，而不了解他的私人生活。不同的朋友在每个人的生活中有不同的作用。他们不介入家庭生活。而必尽的义务主要由家属承担。几个男性朋友会聚在咖啡馆里；有学识的朋友会发起更大的聚会谈上数个晚上；工人们会聚在远离家庭的小酒吧里，喝酒、闲侃。这种友谊不受婚姻的影响，而且建立友谊时不必考虑妻子的情况。 在从前的法国，这种友谊只接纳知识妇女，很少接纳其他妇女。因为大多数妇女的生活是以家庭为中心，她们与其他女性的亲密关系通常是从少女时代就建立起来的。友谊这种特殊的关系的基础是法国人最为珍视的东西——是思想，是观点的一致，是对生活中某一方面的鲜明的意识。
In Germany, in contrast with France, friendship is much more articulately(清晰地) a matter of feeling.Adolescents, boys and girls form deeply sentimental attachments, walk and talk together – not so much to polish their wits as to share their hopes and fears and dreams, to form a common front against the world of school and family and to join in a kind of mutual discovery of each other’s and their own inner life.Within the family, the closest relationship over a lifetime is between brothers and sisters.Outside the family, men and women find in their closest friends of the same sex the devotion of a sister, the loyalty of a brother.Appropriately, in Germany friends usually are brought into the family.Children call their father’s and their mothers friends “uncle” and “aunt”.Between French friends, who have chosen each other for the congeniality(意气相投) of their point of view, lively disagreement and sharpne of argument are the breath of life.But for Germans, whose friendships are based on mutuality of feeling, deep disagreement on any subject that matters to both is regarded as a tragedy.Like ties of kinship, ties of friendship are meant to be irrevocably(不能取消的) binding.Young Germans who come to the United States have great difficulty in establishing such friendships with Americans.We view friendship more tentatively, subject to changes in intensity as people move, change their jobs, marry, or discover new interests.与法国截然不同，在德国，友谊更明确地说是个感情问题。少男少女之间建立起深厚的感情，他们一起散步，一起聊天。这一切不是为了提高自己的智慧，而是相互分享彼此的愿望、忧患和梦想，共同对付学校和家庭组成的世界，发现彼此的内心世界。家庭之内，一个人一生最亲密的关系是兄弟姐妹之间的关系。家庭之外，同性挚友之间像姐妹一样亲密，像兄弟一样真诚。大致说来，在德国，朋友经常被带到家里。孩子们称呼父母的朋友为叔叔和阿姨。观点相投而成为朋友的法国人之间，鲜明的分歧和激烈的争论是这种关系所不可少的。但是德国人的友谊是建立在相互感情的基础之上的。对他们来说，如果在双方都认为重要的问题上亲生了尖锐的分歧，那就是极大的不幸。朋友关系与亲缘关系一样具有绝对的约束力。来到美国的年轻的德国人，很难与美国人建立起这样的友谊关系。我们不把友谊看得那样一成不变，友谊的深浅随着人们的搬迁、调换工作、婚嫁，或兴趣的改变而变化。
English friendships follow still a different pattern.Their basis is shared activity.Activities at different stages of life may be of very different kinds – discovering a common interest in school, serving together in the armed forces, taking part in a foreign miion, staying in the same country house during a crisis.In the midst of the activity, whatever it may be, people fall into step – sometimes two men or two women, sometimes two couples, sometimes three people – and find that they walk or play a game or tell stories or serve on a tiresome and exacting committee with the same easy anticipation(希望，预感) of what each will do day by day or in some critical situation.Americans who have made English friends comment that, even years later, “you can take up just where you left off.” Meeting after a long interval, friends are like a couple who begin to dance again when the orchestra strikes up after a pause.English friendships are formed outside the family circle, but they are not, as in Germany, contrapuntal to the family nor are they, as in France, separated from the family.And a break in an English friendship comes not necearily as a result of some irreconcilable difference of viewpoint or feeling but instead as a result of misjudgment, where one friend seriously misjudges how the other will think or feel or act, so that suddenly they are out of step.英国式的友谊模式又不尽相同。这些友谊的基础是共同的活动。人生不同阶段的活动是不同的——在学校发现共同的兴趣，同在部队服役，参加同一个外交使团，在某场危机中共同暂住在一个农舍。在活动中（不管是什么活动），人们开始步调一致（有时是两个男人，有时是两个女人，有时是两对夫妇，有时是三个人），他们发现，无论是走路、做游戏、讲故事或是在同一居委会任职，他们都觉得能很自然地估计出每个人平时如何行事，在紧急情况下如何反应。与英国人交过朋友的美国人评论说，即使是多年以后，“你的友谊也可以在哪里中断就在哪里重新开始。”长期没有往来又重新见面的朋友，就好像一对伴侣，在乐队停止演奏时暂时分开，一旦乐曲一响，就又开始翩翩起舞。英国式的友谊建立在家庭之外，但是不像德国那样对朋友的家庭承担义务，也不像法国那样把友谊与家庭截然分开。英式友情的破裂不一定是因为观点产生了分歧或是感情发生了变化，相反是因为判断错误所致，一方严重错误地判断对方的思想、感情或行为，分歧就由此而产生。
What, then, is friendship? Looking at these different styles, including our own, each of which is related to a whole way of life, are there common elements? There is the recognition that friendship, in contrast with kinship(亲属关系), invokes freedom of choice.A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen.Related to this is the sense each friend gives the other of being a special individual, on whatever grounds this recognition is based.And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give-and-take.These similarities make the bridge between societies poible, and the American’s characteristic openne to different styles of relationship makes it poible for him to find new friend abroad with him he feels at home.那么，到底什么是友谊呢？既然友谊的模式——包括我们自己的——各不相同，且每种模式完全与一定的生活方式相关，那么还有共同之处吗？不同模式的友谊的共同点，是都承认友谊与亲缘关系的不同之处是能够自由选择，朋友能够选择，也能被别人选择。与此相关的是，朋友之间彼此使对方感到与众不同，无论这种感觉的依据是什么。此外，朋友之间必要要有来有往、互谅互让。有了这些相同之处，不同的社会之间才能相互沟通；美国人的特点是不拒绝其它模式的人际关系，因此，他们在国外就有可能与那些在一起感到自在的人交上朋友。
We Need a Dug-out Canoe to Navigate the Net In 1953, when the Internet was not even a technological twinkle(闪烁) in the eye, the philosopher Isaiah Berlin famously divided thinkers into two categories: the hedgehog(刺猬) and the fox: “The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.”
Hedgehog writers, argued Berlin, see the world through the prism(棱镜) of a single overriding(高于一切的) idea, whereas foxes dart(疾驶，飞奔) hither(向这里) and thither(到那里), gathering inspiration from the widest variety of experiences and sources.Marx, Nietzsche and Plato were hedgehogs; Aristotle, Shakespeare and Berlin himself were foxes.Today, feasting on the anarchic(无政府的), ubiquitous(无处不在的), limitle and uncontrolled information cornucopia that is the web, we are all foxes.We browse and scavenge(除去) thoughts and influences, picking up what we want, discarding(抛弃) the rest, collecting, linking, hunting and gathering our information, social life and entertainment.The new Apple iPad is merely the latest step in the fusion(融合) of the human mind and the Internet.This way of thinking is a direct threat to ideology(意识形态).Indeed, perhaps the ultimate(最终的) expreion of hedgehog-thinking is totalitarian(集权主义者) and fundamentalist(原教旨主义者).The hedgehogs rightly fear the foxes.Edge (www.daodoc.com), a website dedicated(专用的) to ideas and technology, recently asked scores of philosophers, scientists and scholars a simple but fundamental question: “How is the internet changing the way you think?” The responses were astonishingly varied, yet most agreed that the web had profoundly(深刻地) affected the way we gather our thoughts, if not the way we use that information.For both better and worse, fox-thinking is dominant(占优势的).At its worst, it means shorter attention spans(集中注意力的时限), shallower(浅的) memories, fragmented(片段的), unsustained(无支撑的) argument, the undermining(淘空) of intellectual property rights(知识产权) and a tendency to mistake anecdote(轶事) for fact.At its best, the Internet represents an intellectual revolution, fostering(养育) free collaboration as never before, with dramatically improved acce to boundle information, the great store of the world’s knowledge just a few keystrokes and clicks away.
The nimble(敏捷的) Internet fox is both an extraordinary time-saver, nipping from one place to another on instant mind-journeys that would once have taken years.But he is also a prodigious(惊人的) time-waster, wandering down distracting(分散注意力的) avenues of celebrity goip, pornography(色情文学), invective(恶言谩骂) and the minutiae(细枝末节) of other peoples’ lives.
The Internet is changing the very nature of human memory.Erudition(博学) and experience, the store of knowledge built up by an individual over years, is becoming le important than the ability to focus and edit: extracting(提取) information from the machine has superseded(取代) the ability to recall it unaided.
In Internet-driven thought, the point is not on what you know, but what you can discover.We do not watch or absorb the Internet, but scour(搜索) it for what is useful.This requires a particular sort of mind, and as the digital world continues its colonization(殖民地化) of our own, fox-like minds will increasingly dominate the workplace.As David Dalrymple of Maachusetts Institute of Technology, puts it: “The bottom line is that how well an employee can focus might now be more important than how knowledgeable he is.” How the Internet teaches us to think depends on whether we treat it as a primary school playground, a place for puerile(幼稚的) fights, shallow entertainment, chatter and self-absorption(聚精会神), or a forum(论坛) of higher learning, packed with delights and discovery, offering unprecedented(空前的) opportunities for exchanging ideas.Most of us, of course, treat it as both simultaneously.Reading the web usefully requires a new form of literacy(读写能力), the ability to sift(筛选) from the abundance of information what is helpful from what is pointle or merely distracting.Many feel overloaded by the onslaught(猛攻) of information: too many websites, too many meages, a deafening(极喧闹的) chorus of tweets(小鸟叫声) and texts.Internet thinking is not just about browsing and gathering, but choosing and rejecting.The Internet fox knows many things, but while hungrily searching tit-bits(珍闻) from every corner, he must also know what is indigestible(难消化的), what is nourishing(有营养的) and what is poisonous.A few hundred years ago literacy was rare and extremely valuable.Today anyone with an Internet connection and a keyboard is a publisher.A generation ago knowledge had to be actively sought out; today we are bombarded(被轰击) with information, much of it bad, biased or simply irrelevant.The fundamental way we think has not changed, but the way we acce information, and the sheer volume of that information has altered in ways that are both inspiring and daunting(令人气馁的).Chipping away(凿下碎片) the rotten wood is, perhaps, the most fundamental skill for the online brain: the discipline of allocating(分配) attention, filtering(过滤), questioning.This is where the Indian canoe comes in.According to the science historian George Dyson, the Indians of the Pacific North West had two, very different methods of boatbuilding.The Aleuts, living on treele islands, constructed kayaks from what they could find on the beaches, skins stretched acro a framework of driftwood(浮木).The Tlingit, by contrast, cut down huge trees, and hollowed(挖空) out an entire canoe, cutting and burning away the exce wood.“We used to be kayak builders, collecting all available fragments(碎片) of information,” writes Dyson.“Now, we have to learn to become dug-out canoe builders, discarding unneceary information to reveal the shape of knowledge hidden within.” As the intellectual torrent(知识的洪流) of the Internet swells with(膨胀，充满) each technological advance, there is only one creature who can be confident of(确信) staying afloat: the fox, paddling(划桨) in the dug-out canoe.
On Becoming a Scientist One normally becomes a scientist through a series of apprenticeships(学徒), pursuing research in laboratories directed by established scientists.My own scientific mentors were Jacques Fresco and Paul Doty at Harvard, where I learned not only technical skills but also how to think and function as a scientist.Both from them, and by making my own mistakes, I learned how to identify important problems, how to think critically, and how to design effective research strategies.Because so much of one\'s scientific future is shaped by early experiences, it is critical that beginning scientists select their mentors wisely.Unfortunately, what constitutes a \"good\" choice is not always obvious.Here I offer some personal advice to help young scientists make these tough decisions wisely.The exact project pursued for a Ph.D.degree is not nearly as important as finding the best place for learning how to push forward the frontier of knowledge as an independent investigator.My first piece of advice for graduate students is to begin research training in a laboratory led by a person with high scientific and ethical standards.It is by talking to people in that lab or those who have previously trained there, and by consulting other scientists in the same field, that one can gain this important insight.It is also important to find an adviser who will pay close attention to your development as a scientist.Brilliant scientists sometimes make poor mentors.Often, an established leader who has no more than about a dozen people to manage can best nurture a creative, exciting, and supportive place to work.But carrying out research with an outstanding new profeor with a very small group can frequently provide even better training.Students enter graduate school both to learn how to do science well and to discover where their talents and interests lie.Succe at either task requires that they be empowered to create new approaches and to generate new ideas.In my experience, beginning scientists will only gain the confidence needed to confront the unknown succefully by making discoveries through experiments of their own design.The best research advisers will therefore provide their graduate students with enough guidance to prevent them from wasting time on nonproductive pursuits, while giving them the freedom to innovate and to learn from their own mistakes.In my field of biology, two apprenticeships are standard for beginning scientists: first while earning a Ph.D.degree and then in a second laboratory in a postdoctoral position.The choice of a postdoctoral laboratory is best made with a long-term career plan in mind.Scientists at this stage should intentionally try to choose a laboratory where they can acquire skills that complement those they already have.For example, a student whose Ph.D.thesis gave her strong skills as a yeast geneticist might choose to do postdoctoral research with an expert protein biochemist, planning to later use a combination of powerful genetic and biochemical tools to attack a biological problem in an area where very few scientists have the same abilities.But succe as an independent scientist will require much more than technical skills.It is critical to be able to design research strategies that are ambitious enough to be important and exciting, innovative enough to make unique contributions likely, and neverthele have a good chance of producing valuable results.An enormous number of different experiments are poible, but only a tiny proportion will be really worthwhile.Choosing well requires great thought and creativity, and it involves taking risks.Senior scientists have the responsibility of maintaining a system that provides talented young scientists with the opportunity to succeed in whatever career they choose.My next editorial addrees the importance of ensuring that innovation and risk-taking are rewarded for those pursuing a life of independent research.Also, a new series in Science Careers highlights conversations with audacious scientists who give their own advice about selecting institutions, mentors, and projects.
