常驻联合国代表李保东大使在安理会武装冲突中保护平民问题公开辩论会上的发言 Statement by Ambaador Li Baodong at Security Council Open Debate on Protection of
Civilians in Armed Conflict
主席先生：
Mr.President,
我再次祝贺葡萄牙担任安理会本月轮值主席，感谢席尔瓦总统先生亲自主持今天的安理会公开辩论。
I once again congratulate Portugal on auming presidency of the Security Council this month and thank Mr.President for hosting today’s open debate.
我感谢潘基文秘书长的发言，也认真听取了人权高专皮莱女士、负责人道主义事务的助理秘书长布拉格女士和国际红十字会施珀里先生的发言。
I thank Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for his statement.I have also listened attentively to the statements made by UN High Commiioner for Human Rights Madam Pillay, ASG of OCHA Madam Bragg and Mr.Philip Spoerri of the International Committee of the Red Cro.
主席先生，
Mr.President,
在过去几年里，安理会就武装冲突中保护平民问题多次举行了公开辩论，各方有广泛共识，也存在不同看法。安理会近期的一些实践更是引起了国际社会新一轮争论和反思。葡萄牙倡议举行今天的会议，无疑十分及时和重要，我表示高度赞赏。安理会很有必要对武装冲突中保护平民问题进行深入思考和充分讨论，也很有必要认真听取非安理会成员的意见，以更好地代表联合国全体会员国的意志行事。
Over the past few years, the Security Council has held many open debates on protection of civilians in armed conflict.Parties concerned have reached extensive consensus, but remain divided over some iues.The recent experience of the Security Council, in particular, has triggered a new round of debate and reflection in the international community.The meeting initiated by Portugal today is no doubt very timely and important.I highly appreciate the effort.It is imperative for the Security Council to engage in a thorough reflection and full discuion on the iue of protecting civilians in armed conflict.It is also neceary to take the views of non-Council members seriously to act in a way that better represents the will of all UN Member States.
主席先生，
Mr.President,
一、保护平民首先是各国政府和冲突方的责任。
1.Protection of civilians is first and foremost the responsibility of the relevant government and the parties involved in the conflict.
平民是战争的最大和最直接的受害者。在武装冲突中出现针对平民的严重暴力行径是不可接受的。人的生命是最宝贵的，武装冲突中的无辜平民，特别是妇女和儿童必须得到有效的保护。在此方面，各国政府负有首要责任。同时卷入冲突或介入其中的其他各方，无论是国内还是外部力量，也都责无旁贷，必须遵守国际人道主义法和其他相关国际法，履行保护平民的职责。
Civilians are the biggest and most direct victims of wars.Serious violence against civilians in armed conflict is unacceptable.Life is the most precious.Innocent civilians, especially women and children, in armed conflict must be effectively protected.In this connection, the government should shoulder the primary responsibility.Other parties involved in the conflict or those who step in, either domestic or external forces, are also duty bound.They must abide by the international humanitarian law and other related international laws, and fulfill their obligations to protect civilians.
二、必须遵守《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。
2.The purposes and principles of the UN Charter must be honored.
保护平民的相关行动必须符合《宪章》的宗旨和原则，特别是尊重国家主权、统一和领土完整以及不干涉内政原则，必须得到安理会授权并在联合国框架内有序进行。相关行动应重在推动尽快实现停火，通过对话和谈判等政治手段解决争端和分歧，支持包括地区组织和联合国秘书长在内的有关各方发挥斡旋和调解作用，而不是相反。
Action to protect civilians must comply with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, especially the principle of respecting the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of countries and the principle of non-interference in other countries’ internal affairs.The action must have the authorization of the Security Council and be taken in an orderly manner under the UN framework.The relevant action should focus on pushing for early realization of ceasefire, resolving conflicts and disputes through dialogue, negotiations and other political means, and supporting the role of good offices and mediation efforts by the related parties, including regional organizations and the UN Secretary-General, rather than the other way around.
三、对授权武力保护平民应采取极为慎重的态度。
3.Protection of civilians through use of force should be authorized with extreme caution.
中国一贯主张和平解决争端。再先进的武器，再精确的打击，也将不可避免地带来平民的伤亡。实践证明，安理会保护平民的行动，需要经过认真和严肃的讨论，并对授权、执行方、执行条件等严格加以规定。在许多疑问没有得到澄清，问题没有得到回答之前，安理会不应匆忙采取行动。
China always stands for peaceful settlement of conflict.No matter how advanced the weapons are, or how accurate the strikes may be, civilian casualties are just inevitable.It is proved by experience that Security Council action to protect civilians should go through serious and solemn discuion, and there should be stringent provisions on its authorization, implementing parties and implementing conditions.When there are still many questions to be clarified, and before the questions are answered, the Security Council should not take any hasty action.
四、应全面、严格执行安理会决议。
4.Security Council resolutions should be fully and strictly implemented.
安理会决议必须得到全面和严格地执行，任何方面都不能任意解读，更不能采取超越安理会授权的行动。保护平民是否就可以大规模使用武力？是否就需要轰炸基础设施和居民区？是否就可以容忍造成妇女和儿童的伤亡？这些都是国际社会的合理关切，也是需要得到回答的问题。保护平民属于人道主义范畴，不能夹杂任何政治动机和目的，包括进行政权更迭。因此，如何严密和有效地监督安理会决议的执行，已成为一项重大而急待解决的问题。 中方欢迎并将认真研究巴西提出的概念文件，并积极支持就此展开讨论。
Security Council resolutions must be implemented in full and to the letter.No party should willfully misinterpret the resolutions, let alone take action that is beyond the authorization of the Security Council.To protect civilians, can force be used in a large scale? Is there a need to bombard infrastructure and residential areas? Should casualties of women and children be tolerated? These are all legitimate concerns of the international community and questions that demand answers.Protection of civilians falls in the realm of humanitarianism.There should be no political motives or purposes involved, including regime change.In this sense, how to strictly and effectively monitor the implementation of Security Council resolutions has become an important and urgent iue.China welcomes the concept paper proposed by Brazil.We will seriously study it and actively support relevant discuion.
五、应摒弃选择性和双重标准的作法。
5.It is imperative to abandon the practice of selectivity and double standard.
许多联合国会员国一直呼吁安理会坚持公平和公正原则，在保护平民方面同等重视安理会议程上的所有问题，包括加沙地区、索马里、阿富汗、伊拉克等局势。中国对此是赞同的。选择性的作法或采取双重标准只会损害安理会的作用和权威。
Many UN Member States have all along called on the Security Council to adhere to the principle of fairne and impartiality, and attach equal importance to all iues on the Security Council agenda involving protection of civilians, including the situations in the Gaza Strip, Somalia, Afghanistan and Iraq.China endorses this view.Selectivity or double standard will only undermine the role and authority of the Security Council.
谢谢主席先生。
Thank you, Mr.President.
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