2009年推免硕士研究生英语复试大纲
一、考试目的：重点检验考生基本词汇、阅读理解、段落翻译等方面的英语能力。
二、考试要求：
1.能看懂一般英语或科技英语的文章段落；
2.能理解文章段落的观点，能够准确翻译文章中的长句和难句；
3.能够用通顺中文表达英文原意。
4.英文词汇量不超过大学英语六级。
三、考试形式：
将一段200字左右的英文翻译中文，全卷满分为100分，按所翻译中文表达英文原意的准确和通顺程度进行评分。
四、样题：
Conductors support electromagnetic surface waves over a broad range of frequencies, ranging from dc and radio frequencies up to the visible.These modes propagate along the interface with a dielectric, and they include an electromagnetic field coupled to the oscillations of conduction electrons.At visible wavelengths, the mode that travels along a metal surface is called a surface plasmon（等离子体）.It is characterized by strongly enhanced fields at the interface, which decay exponentially with distance (on the order of 10 nano-meters in the metal and 100 nano-meters in the dielectric).However, in the microwave regime, metals can often be treated as near-perfect conductors.The fields aociated with surface waves at these frequencies penetrate 1 micron into the metal but extend many hundreds of wavelengths into the dielectric.In other words, this mode is not bound at the interface and is simply a surface current.
参考翻译：导体能够在很宽的频带支撑电磁表面波，从直流到射频直到光频。这些模式沿着与介质的交界面传播，包含了与导电电子振荡相耦合的电磁场。在可见光波段，那些沿着金属表面传播的模式被叫做表面等离子体。它呈现出在交界面被强烈增强的场模式，并随距离呈指数衰减(在金属里有10纳米量级，介质里有100纳米量级)。但是，在微波频段，金属经常被当作近似为理想导体。在这一频段，与表面波相联系的场能够穿透金属一微米，却扩展到介质内达到数百个波长。换句话说，这样的模式不能被束缚在交界面，只是表面电流而已。
