推荐第1篇：考研英语必背
系统班必背模板 for reference
传统模板一：
As we can see from the situation,___________ has become a common phenomenon among_________ .According to a newspaper survey, about _______ percent of____________,this trend will continue for a while in the future.
With regard to this phenomenon, people vary greatly in their viewpoint.Some argue that it’s _____________They believe that __________ They also hold that___________However, there are other people who look at this phenomenon in another way.For them, _____________ .we should take immediate measures to put an end to the current situation.
As each coin has two sides, it’s no exception to the phenomenon of____________ .As far as I’m concerned, __________should be (encouraged) in our (country).our (government) should play an active role in the ____________.(117 words)
传统模板二：
Nowadays people are much concerned with ________.Why should we ________? Is it neceary for everyone to ________? Such questions as these are often asked, especially by those ________.The answer to these questions often varies from person to person.
Some people argue/maintain that ________.There is no denying that ________.It is certainly beneficial to people that ________.For all the advantages, it also brings its own problems.The main problem with it is that ________.Furthermore, ________.As nothing can be perfect in the world, we should take proper measures to minimize
its negative effects and maximize its positive results.Firstly, ____.Secondly, _____.Finally, ______.(108 words)
传统模版三：
A much debate iue these days is whether ________ or ________.Some people claim that ________.Others insist that ________.As for me, the former/latter is more acceptable.It is true that ________, but the obvious defects are ________.Studies have shown that ________.Moreover, ________.Besides, ________.On the other hand, the advantages of ________ carry more weight that those of ________.For one thing, ________.For another, ________.In conclusion, ________.(73 words)
传统模板四：
要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1． 有一些人认为。。。
2． 另一些人认为。。。
3． 我的看法。。。
The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二).Finally, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).besides⑥------------------（理由二）.Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
There are both advantages and disadvantages for the two views.From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）.The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is surely a wise choice .传统模板五：
给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点
Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）.For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一).For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．$2uC%er\"H
Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．
传统模板六：
要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．
１．阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．
２．分析并举例使其更充实．
The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义).Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一).For example, -------------------(举例说明).Secondly,----------------(理由二).Another case is that ---------------(举例说明).Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．
In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点).In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necearily benefit a lot from it
传统模板七：
说明利弊题型 =
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个
角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
１．说明事物现状
２．事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）
３．你对现状（或前景）的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First ----------------(Ａ的优点之一).Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）.\\
But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)． ^+%bh¬/2_W
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)
传统模板八：
不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the iue that __作文题目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 观点一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.f3vl =EA4|
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.
传统模板九：
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the iue that)___作文题目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___优点一______.And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, \"every coin has two sides\", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺点一______.In addition,____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
传统模板十：
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the iue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem..4 w \"3 >
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途径一______.In addition, another way contributing to succe of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
传统模板十一：
谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: \" ___谚语_______\" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____谚语的含义_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job
传统模板十二：
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily
rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
There is general discuion nowadays on the iue of people those who criticize/advocate that…….They believe that…….再加一句话.It’s high time that we placed great emphasis on the increase of ……
There may be several causes for this dramatic growth/change in …….In the first place，……What’s more, …….Last but not least,……、
Taking into account all these factors, we may safely draw the conclusion that…… .On one hand, …… On the other hand,…… Only in this way can 主语 谓语。
推荐第2篇：考研英语作文必背
1)话题引出段
Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the iue of……
People in growing numbers are directing theirattention to ……
With the development of ……， the problem of …has becomeincreasingly serious.
When it comes to ……， people\'s notions may vary fromone to another.
Recently, a heated discuion has sprung up as to ……
Traditional virtue/value has it that……， yet peopleare……currently.
2)图画图表描述段
As is vividly shown in the picture,……
It is clearly depicted in the picture that ……
This picture depicts a thought-provoking scene of ……
According to the figures given in the chart……
The chart above provides a series of eentialfigures, illustrating the changes taking place in a time span of …years.
3) 观点对比段
Opposite voices are now rising in the debate.Somepeople firmly believe that…… On the contrary, quite a few people argue that……
The controversial iue has aroused opposite opinions.One focuses on …… ;the other opinion revolves around……
4)利弊列举段
Every coin has two sides, and this iue is noexception.Above all, …In addition…More importantly… However, the negativeinfluence it renders should not be neglected.not only …but also
Is this phenomenon a bleing or a curse.? Thefollowing list of advantages and disadvantages can explain everything.
5)举例论证段
For instance;
Take…for an example;
A case in point is……
The following illustrations can serve as strongevidence of the phenomenon.
6)原因列举段
Why should this phenomenon take place? There aregenerally three factors accounting for it.
Having taken everything into consideration, we may attributethe sharp change to three aspects.
7)意义阐释段
The purpose of the picture is to show us that dueattention has to be paid to…
The fact/phenomenon that…indicates that … …
Having scrutinized the details of the picture, we candiscu the implications subtly conveyed from it.
8)归纳结论段
In conclusion,
In my opinion,
As far as I am concerned,
Taking into account all the analyses above, we mayconfidently come to the conclusion that……
9)预测趋势段
There is no denying that ……will continueincreasing/decreasing in the better/worse direction.
Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the chartwill undergo a continuous increase/decrease in the near future.
10)建议措施段
Therefore, it is imperative that we should take somedrastic measures.
As far as I am concerned, two effective measures mustbe immediately taken to pull through the crisis.
As a result, it is advisable to settle the problem bytwo means.
考研英语小作文万能模板
1.一般开头句型
I\'m writing to… 开门见山的开头模式
I\'m writing to inform you that… (通知类型)
I\'m writing to seek your aistance in … (请求类型)
I\'m writing in response to your advertisement in … (回应类型)
I\'m writing to expre my views on … (建议类型)
I\'m writing to apply for the scholarship that yourdepartment offers to students from other countries.(申请类型)
I\'m writing to see if it is poible for you toprovide me with information regarding… (咨询类型)
I\'m writing to expre my disappointment/diatisfaction about… (投诉类型)
2.感谢类句型
thank-gratitude-grateful-appreciate 的多种变体
I\'m most grateful to you for your…
I\'m writing this letter to expre my sinceregratitude for…
I would like to convey in this letter my heartfeltthanks for…
I feel greatly indebted to you for…
I\'m writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate allyou have done for me…
But for your kind aistance, I would have …
I must thank you again for your generous help.
Please accept my deepest gratitude.
3.道歉类句型
sorry-apologize-apology的多种变体
I feel really sorry to you for…
I must apologize to you for…
I would like to expre my deepest apology / regretfor not being able to …
Had I …， I would have…
Please accept my sincere apology for…
I want you to know how badly I feel about…
4.一般结尾句型
Any favorable consideration of my application will behighly appreciated.(申请/求职)
We should be very pleased if you could honor us withyour presence.(邀请函)
Best wishes for your greater succe in your career.(祝愿)
Thank you for your patience and concern in readingthis letter.I hope this does not cause you too much inconvenience.I lookforward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.(套话组合)
虽然信函的套用句型还有很多的变化，但上面选取的这些句子在考试中都是非常实用的，无论什么样的话题，开头结尾加上表示感谢和道歉的礼貌客气话总是必不可少的。
2015考研英语一必备五大应用文预测
Topic 1 : 申请信
命题规律：考研英语
一、英语二都未曾考察;申请信相对来说并不难写。只要在信中写上申请的理由，以及自身的条件就可以了。
预热题目：
Directions：
Write a letter to the London Olympic Committee to state your application to be a volunteer, describe your qualifications, and expre the appreciation of
an interview.
【中文译文】
致相关人士， 我写这封信是为了申请伦敦奥运会的志愿者这一职务。 首先简单的自我介绍一下，我叫李明，是北京大学英语专业的学生。在我读大学期间，我良好地掌握了英语和其他几门外语，这就保证了我可以和外国友人流利而又顺畅地沟通。其次， 参加了几次国际性的运动会之后，我累积了大量的实际经验。最后，我的沟通技能和团队精神 也使我非常适合这个岗位。
我真诚地希望你可以考虑我的申请并且在您方便的时候给我一个面试的机会。 你真诚的，
李明
Topic2 : 询问信
命题规律：考研英语
一、英语二都未曾考察;询问信，相对而言是一种比较特殊的书信。尤其是作文的第二段，需要\"不停地发问\"来 询问相关的信息。考生应该熟练地运用特殊疑问句的句型，顺利流畅地完成这种类型的作文。常用的一些 疑问句式包括：
I am most interested in whether …我很有兴趣想知道是否…
I would like to be informed whether I can ...我想知道是否我可以…
what…do I need to…? 做…我需要…?
I wonder if there be…? 我想知道是否有…
预热题目：
Directions:
You are planning to have a holiday in Southern China during the summer vacation.Write a letter to the sales department of travel agency to inquire relevant information.
Topic3: 投诉信
命题规律：2012 年英语二考察一次(请参见官方高分范文)
写作策略：投诉信仅在 2012 年的考研英语(二)考察过一次，近几年的命题频率不高。也正因如此，考生应该重点准备，尤其是英语(一)因为从没有考察过，反而更加应该关注和重视。投诉信主要在于投诉对某物的不满，或者对某个过程的不满，描述细节。难点在于，考生考前可以准备投诉信这种类型的题目，但是如果真题果真考察投诉信，投诉的内容发生变化，考生又应该现场发挥写作。
作文题目：
Directions:
Suppose you met a rude salesperson in a supermarket.Write to the sales
manager of the supermarket to show your complaints.
Topic4: 祝贺信
命题规律：2011年英语二考察一次(请参见官方高分范文)
写作策略：祝贺信仅在 2011 年英语(二)中考察，英语(一)未考察。祝贺信的内容相对来说较为空洞，反倒不好发挥。在祝贺信书写的过程中，要写明祝贺对方的理由，并对对方的未来提出期许。祝贺信的固定句式相对较多，因而准备此类型的作文难度不大!
作文题目：
Directions:
suppose you are Li Ming and your friend Li Hua just won the first-cla science
award because of the work in the field of applied chemistry.Write a letter of congratulation to her.
Topic5: 感谢信
命题规律：2010 年英语二考察一次(请参见官方高分范文)
写作策略：感谢信仅在 2010 年英语(二)考察一次，之后的真题就没有考察。由于近几年出现频率过低，因而我们可以重点预测这种考试题目，尤其是考研英语(一)需要重点掌握。感谢信主要在作文的第二段熟悉感谢的理由，内容视具体作文题而定。
作文题目：
Directions:
You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S.Write a letter to your host family in New York to expre your gratitude for their hospitality, describe the help they gave you, offer to repay their help and invite them to visit you.
Top 1：投诉信高分热文
I am writing to air（表达） disappointment（不满） regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my diatisfaction is my roommate\'s inconsiderate behavior（不体谅行为）.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.To crack this hard nut（为了解决这个难题）, I hope to draw the attention of （引起）the authorities concerned.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a single room.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably（最好）not in the same building but as near to the college campus as poible.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 3 精彩译文
尊敬的先生或女士：
我写信是为了表达关于住宿的不满。由于我发现目前的居住状况很不方便，我想下学期搬到一个单间。我需要解释的是，我不满的原因是我室友不体谅的行为。首先，他的朋友经常来访。其次，他经常举办一些吵闹的聚会。为了解决这个问题，我希望引起相关部门的注意。我相信您也会同意，唯一的解决措施是搬到一个我自己的房间。因此，如果您可以给我找一个最好不在同楼，但离校园越近越好的单间，我将非常感谢。 您真诚的， 李明
Top 2：申请信高分热文 Dear Sir or Madam, I am a Chinese student who wishes to apply for admiion into your prestigious university（贵校）.My plan is to start my course next term, and I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with certain eential information（基本信息）.First, what qualifications（资
格） do I need to follow a course of study at your university? I have already had a bachelor\'s degree from Peking University, but I wonder if there are any further academic requirements（学术要求）.Second, how much are the tuition fee（学费）? Although I intend to be self-supporting（自费）, I would be interested to hear if there are any scholarships（奖学金） available for international students（留学生）.Third, what is the situation regarding accommodation? I look forward to your reply, and to attending your esteemed institution.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 3 精彩译文
尊敬的先生或女士, 我是一名中国学生，希望到贵校这所著名大学学习。我计划下学期开始我的课程，如果您能好心提供一些基本信息，我将非常感谢。 首先，我到贵校上课需要什么条件？我已经从北京大学获得学士学位，但我想知道是否有进一步的学业上的要求。其次，学费是多少？尽管我打算自费，但我想了解一下国外学生可否获得奖学金。最后，住宿情况怎么样？
期待您的回复，希望成为贵校的一员。 您真诚的， 李明
Top 3：建议信高分热文 Dear John, You asked for advice concerning whether you should study history or computer science at university.I will try making some suggestions.You must keep in mind（记住） that, above all, your university training is a preparation for your future career.There is no doubt that（毫无疑问） the field of computer science offers far more job opportunities than history.We are now in a high-tech age（高科技时代）.For the foreseeable future（可预知的未来）, it would be neceary for everyone to be equipped with （配备）computer skills merely to earn a living.Of course, I would recommend that you keep up your reading of history in your spare time.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 精彩译文 亲爱的约翰：
你问我关于该学历史还是计算机的看法，我将尽力给你一些有用的建议。
首先，你必须牢记的是，你在大学所受的训练是为了将来的职业做准备的。毫无疑问，计算机科学将比历史提供更广泛的工作机会。我们都处在高科技的时代，在不久的将来，每个人为了谋生还需要具备计算机技能。
当然，我仅以你在业余时间继续读历史。 您真诚的， 李明
Top 4：求职信
高分热文
Dear Mr.Byron, I am writing to expre my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitre.Enclosed with（附上） this letter is my resume, which further details my qualifications（资历） and previous work experiences.Not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate（完美候选人） for the job, but my personality is well suited to（适合） working as a waitre.I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages.I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discu the poibility of working at your restaurant.Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 3 精彩译文
亲爱的拜伦先生，
写信是想表达我对您近期刊登的女服务员的岗位很感兴趣。附件中是我的简历，进一步详述了我的资历和先前的工作经验。
我的资历和经验都非常适合这份工作，而且我的性格也很适合做服务员的工作。我性格随和，能很快跟不同年龄阶段的人建立起友好关系。
希望能尽快在您方便之时见面，探讨在您酒店工作的可能性。感谢您对我申请的关注，期待尽快与您见面。 您真诚的， 李明
Top 5：邀请信高分热文 Dear Xiaobao, I will hold a dinner party at my house on April 1st, 2008 to celebrate Mr.Guo Jing\'s marriage with Mi Huang Hong.As you are a close friend of ours, we would very much like you to participate in the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o\'clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree(晚会), at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strau.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1st, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 3 精彩译文 亲爱的小宝，
2008年4月1日，我将在家举行晚宴庆祝郭靖先生和黄红女士结为连理。你是我最好的朋友之一，非常高兴你能参加这次庆典分享我们的快乐。
庆典将在晚上7点开始，届时会举行结婚典礼。之后是晚宴，大概10点钟左右会举行一个小的音乐晚会，乐队将演奏巴赫和施特劳斯的一些作品。
如果4月1日你没有其它安排，很高兴并且期待着你的加入。 您真诚的， 李明
Top 6：祝贺信 高分热文
Dear Mr.John, Just a note to wish you a very happy new year.May the new year bring you joy, love and peace.My memory of you is one of the most delightful experience I have ever had.I would very much like to continue our friendship.As another year draws to close, it gives us great pleasure to say how much we have appreciated（感激） working with you over the past twelve months.We sincerely hope that our pleasant busine relationship will continue for years to come.Our staff here join me in wishing you a very Merry Christmas and a Happy Prosperous New Year.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 3 精彩译文
尊敬的约翰先生，
寄上简函一封，祝您新年快乐。愿新的一年为您带来幸福、友爱和平安。与您在一起的回忆是我一生中最愉快的经历之一，但愿我们的友谊长青。 又一年即将结束，我们很高兴地看到过去一年我们之间的合作非常愉快。衷心希望我们之间融洽的业务关系在今后的日子里继续下去。
在此，我和公司的全体员工一道祝您圣诞愉快！新年快乐！生意兴隆！ 您真诚的， 李明
推荐第3篇：考研英语十大必背
2013年考研英语十大必背范文
1、致辞：
Directions: Write a speech on the opening of a conference of no le than 120 words.In your speech, you should：
1、进行自我介绍，
2、详细介绍大会内容，
3、结束语。
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing! To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself.I am the president of Motorola (China) Electronics Ltd.
The following is my introduction to the conference.First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation.Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to expre my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.
I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference and hope the above information will help you.If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time.Thank you for your attention.
2、求职信/求学信：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for a position of a company.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：
1、申请职位，
2、简要介绍自己的情况，
3、期待回信。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am senior from the Department of Busine Administration of Beijing University.I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admiion into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.
I am sure that I am qualified for it.First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience.Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member.Last, my hobbies include sports and music.
Words fail me when I try to expre my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
3、邀请信：
Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually：
1、邀请参加晚会，
2、说明举办晚会的原因，
3、将安排哪些活动。
Dear Wangcai,
I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr.Old Fish’s wedding ceremony with Ms.Fujiwora to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m.on April 1, 2007.
As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strau.
If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
4、个人简历：
Directions: Write of resume of yourself of no le than 120 words.In it, you should：
1、说明姓名、地址、联系方式、求职目标，
2、教育背景、工作经历、资历，
3、所获奖励、特长，以及个人资料。
RESUME
Li Ming
P.O.Box 237, Beijing University
5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871
Tel: 62768888 Email: liming@163.com
Career Objective: A position with management potential in the
banking busine specializing in international corporate financing
Educational Background:
Sept 2003 to
Beijing University
July 2007
Major in International Busine Management
Main courses include English,
computer,Busine Management, Accounting, International Commercial Law
Work Experience:
July 2006 to
Bank of China
June 2007
Internship, Secretary to Deputy Manager of Marketing
Draft busine correspondence
Schedule deputy manager’s appointments
Qualifications:
University graduation certificate and
bachelor degree to be conferred upon graduation (2007)
College English Test Band 4 June 2005
Honors & Awards:
Twice awarded scholarship by Beijing
University
2005& 2006
Special Skills:
Familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel
Ability to work independently
Outstanding Organizational skills
Experience:
President of Student Union
2003－present
Personal Data:
Date of Birth: Sep.17, 1984
Gender: Female Marital Status: Unmarried
5、告示：
Directions: The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information：
1、比赛目的、时间、地点，
2、参赛者的要求，
3、裁判和奖励的细节。
You should write about 120 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.
Chinese Speaking Contest
December 22, 2007
To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-cla activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week (29 December) at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their claes before Tuesday next week.Five profeors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.
The Students’ Union
Department of Chinese Language and Literature
6、就业：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Jobs for Graduates.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、大学生难找工作，
2、原因很多，
3、解决的办法。
Job hunting has always been a headache for college students.Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not.Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.
The reasons for this phenomenon are various.On the one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market.On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.
I reckon this problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures.First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need.Second, students’ attitude towards employment should be changed.They should go to small cities and country.There they can also give full play to their profeional knowledge.In a word, if we pay much attention, the situation can be improved.
7、考试：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、大学都用考试来衡量学生的成绩，
2、考生可能带来的副作用，
3、我对考试的看法。
In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.
To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.No subjects can be taught succefully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.
In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations?
8、读后感：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Novel.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、我最喜爱的小说，
2、该小说的内容，
3、我为什么喜爱。
My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days which is written by Jules Verne.The author was born in France and devoted himself to literature and wrote several scientific romances, which gained him the name——Father of Modern Science Fiction.
This is a book of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and manages to travel around the world in eighty days.It gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.From this story, we can see the author’s deep love for the sea, travel and adventure, which played a vital role in his life.We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.
9、难忘的人：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The most unforgettable Person I ever Know.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、我生活中最难忘的人是，
2、为什么他（或她）令我难以忘怀，
3、结论。
In my life I have met a great many people who are really worth recalling.But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever know is my English teacher.
What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities.First and foremost, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer—an awakening of a paion for learning.He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of English language and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field.Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit.I remember that we students always anticipated his cla with great eagerne because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs.
Although it is nearly two years since I attended his last cla, he is the talk of our old clamates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.
10、论说文框架：
Owing to the speedy economic development, the number of people who…has considerably increased/declined.It is universally acknowledged that … plays a crucial role in modern society.
Due attention has to be paid to the iue of….With the reform and opening－up in recent decades，people in mounting numbers have come to realize the significance of ….If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where humans will be in the forthcoming future.
Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.To begin with, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to ….In addition, we should cultivate the awarene of people that … is eential to us.Only in this way can we reverse this disturbing trend illustrated.
推荐第4篇：考研英语作文必背
2014考研英语作文必背十大模板中域考研王舰
考研英语作文，你是选择背模板还是提升英语写作自己写？两方面见解相持不下，不过对于英语复习时间不够充足和备考时间不够的同学，模板想必是少不了的。
1.图画作文
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a meage about _______(图画主题)， which is ______________(进一步的说明)。 He seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节)。 In my opinion， ___________(个人阐述)。
This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race)。 Therefore， it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在)。 One the one hand， we must _________________(建议一)。 It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明)。 On the other hand， ________________(建议二) Only in this way can we___________(展望前景)。
2.图表作文
The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题)。 The first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点)。 This means that as __________， _________________(进一步说明)。
We can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一)。 After
ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化)， the _____Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化)。 The figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二)。 (数据位置，如In the second column)， we can see that ____________accounts for _______(进一步描述)。
Judging from these figures， we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论)。 The reason for this， as far as I am concerned is that_____________(给出原因)。 / It is high time that we Ved(发出倡议)
3.利弊型作文
Recently the iue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.There are two major arguments that can be made for_________.For one thing， __________can bring ____ to_____________(优点一)。 For another， it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二)。
But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________， among which are ____________(列举缺点)。 For instance， it can be __________to _____________(举例说明)。 In addition， many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)
When asked to __________， I tend to ____________.This is because I _______________(原因
一)。 Furthermore， _______________________(原因二)。 Finally， ______________(原因三)。
4.展望未来型
The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.First ， __________________(影响一)。 More importantly， ________________(影响二)。 Hence， I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Neverthele， I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)
There are numerous reasons why ____， and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more(比较级)_____， the more (比较级)。 In addition， we all aGREe that________________________(第二个原因)
5.告示
You should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.
Chinese-Speaking Contest
January 19， 2008
To improve students‘ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-cla activities， the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week (26 January) at the Students‘ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their claes before Tuesday next week.Five profeors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.
the Students‘ Union
Department of Chinese Language and Literature
6.职业道德
the cartoons vividly depict people in expanding numbers are engaged in open and rampant cheating in busine.In the first drawing， a boy has no courage to have dinner in front of delicious foods in that there may exist pesticide pollution or poisonous elements in the foods.In the second picture， the administrative office， salesmen， breeding families and forage
shops are laughing at the hanging of a poisonous duck.
Profeional dishonesty has a very damaging effect.In the first place， since cheating in busine reveals the moral deficiencies as well as the humanity weakne of those businemen who engage in it， the dishonest practice will ultimately exerts a perverse influence on the whole society.In the second place， it not only puts honest businemen at a competitive disadvantage， encouraging those who did not cheat to adopt similar practices later， but undermines the very foundation of profeional ethics in busine.
It is often painful to impose sanctions in a specific case.But it is worthwhile.For one thing， to eliminate profeional dishonesty thoroughly， serious forms of punishment for a willful offense—a suspension of the offender from busine—should be applied.For another， since the incentives to engage in cheating in busine are mainly due to a lack of adequate precautions， drastic actions should be taken to prevent one form of cheating or another.
7.投诉信
Directions： You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room.
Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You would prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am writing to expre/air diatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester， as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.
I must explain that the reason for my diatisfaction is my roommate‘s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing， his friends are constantly visiting him; for another， he regularly holds noisy parties.
To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut， I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned.I am sure you will aGREe that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own.Therefore， I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me， preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as poible.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
8.网络问题
In recent years， people are developing an inseparable relationship with Internet.As is vividly depicted in the picture， it is convenient for us to click the mouse when surfing on line， either to entertain ourselves or to meet the work‘s needs.Actually on-line visiting has become a routine activity in our everyday life.However， it seems rather ironic to use a chain instead of normal wire to connect with the mouse in this picture.The exaggerative and impreive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.Discuion on the duality has become very popular in newspapers or in people‘s chats.On the one hand， no one denies that Internet is currently one of the most useful media in our daily life.People from all walks of life are benefiting considerably from its powerful function of information communication.But on the other hand， a GREat many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and wholesome lifestyle.Cyber-living resembles the experience of looking constantly into a kaleidoscope which displays both colored patterns and illusions.Such a waste of time inevitably leads to their failure in their life and work.
Accordingly， it is neceary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.For one thing， college students in expanding numbers get on line every day to learn the news， to study English by registering for web courses， to exchange information through e-mails with their net friends and to download their favorite music， FLASH， film and pictures.Being veteran on-line shoppers， they frequently purchase books， CDs at much lower prices.For another， once indulged in the fictitious world， people can barely concentrate on real life.Consequently， many students just chat on line or play computer games immoderately everyday， skipping many eential claes.After all， Internet is invented to enrich our life， to connect you and me， and to improve the efficiency of our work rather than shackle us with a chain.
9.环境问题
the pictures symbolically illustrate pollution is becoming increasingly serious around the globe.In the first cartoon， a man is scorching the earth on a chimney.In the second one， a famous ancient Chinese poet， Wang Bo is astonished by the heavy smoke poured by chimneys into the air and dirty river polluted by a factory.We are informed that “the autumn river is the same color with the sky”。
the drawer is sending a meage about the significance of the need for everyone to fight against the danger of environmental pollution.There is no denying that the industry is indications of civilization， proGRE and development.Unfortunately， as industry develops， so will the number of factories， and the amount of industry pollutants.We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice our blue sky and pure water in order to obtain a little material gain.
As a consequence， it is imperative for us to take drastic actions.On the one hand， the factories should be equipped with devices which can dispose of waste gas and water so as to prevent them from polluting our planet.On the other hand， there should be an increasingly
loud voice from the public for firm actions against poisonous gas sent off and unhealthy water polluted by factories.
10.提纲式议论文
Directions：
A.Title： Air Travel
B.Time limit： 40 minutes
C.Word limit： about 200 words
D.Your eay should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
E.Your eay should be based on the information given below.
现在许多人愿意乘飞机旅行。随着我国民航事业的迅速发展，全国各大城市兴建了许多现代化的机场。乘飞机旅行有许多长处(方便、快捷、省时、舒适等);但是，空中旅行也有许多不足之处(机票价格贵，有的旅客不适应空中旅行，常常感到身体不适，甚至有人还担心发生空难)。请你简单阐述上述两个方面。最后请你说明你的看法。
( Composition for reference only )
Many people prefer to travel by air.This is because air travel has some advantages.In the first place， airplane， the miracle created by man， is the fastest means of transport.It takes the least time for one to travel by air from one place to another.Secondly， traveling by air is convenient and comfortable.Friendly air hostees are affectionate and considerate.They look after paengers all the way to their destinations.Moreover， on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain themselves.
As a popular saying goes， “Everything has two sides .” The same is true of air travel.It has some disadvantages， too.For one thing， air travel costs a GREat deal.The average Chinese are not rich enough to afford expensive air fares.So they prefer to take trains， which save a lot of money.For another， although paengers are aured of their safety， they are still worried about it during the journey because flying always involves more or le risk.As far I am concerned ， the advantage mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.If I were given choice between traveling by train， I would certainly prefer the former.For me， time is money and it is the most important thing I have to take into consideration whatever I do.(216 words)
推荐第5篇：考研英语考前必背
2015考研英语考前必背：APEC中国年词典大全
Spouse|配偶
领导人配偶同台亮相给会议提供了一抹亮色。会议周期间的领导人配偶活动，虽然尚无任何细节透露，但毫无疑问会吸引大众的目光。
Leaders\' spouses will also attend the APEC meeting.Although details of their activities have not been released, the spouses are certain to get public attention.
Transformation|转变
转方式，调结构，稳增长，促改革，是APEC成员的共同任务。北京会议将在经济改革、新经济、创新增长、包容性支持、城镇化等方面进行深入讨论，深化互联网经济、蓝色经济
等前沿领域的合作。
All APEC members need to transform growth methods, adjust structures, stabilize economy and promote reforms.During the Beijing meeting, members will conduct in-depth discuion on an array of iues such as economic reform, innovative growth and urbanization.The members will also deepen cooperation on frontier areas such
as Internet and marine industries.
Urbanization|城镇化
中国倡导在APEC开展城镇化领域的合作。城镇化将是未来亚太繁荣发展的一个重要增
长动力。
China advocates cooperation of urbanization at APEC.Urbanization will be an important engine driving the future prosperity of Asia-Pacific.
Value Chain|价值链
一部手机的生产过程可能涵盖10到15个国家，全球价值链的形成已成为各经济体贸易与产业分工合作发展到新高度的重要标志，也为贸易投资自由化的深入发展增添了新动力。今年5月的APEC贸易部长会议批准了《促进亚太地区全球价值链发展战略蓝图》等文件。
About 10 to 15 countries are involved in making a mobile phone.The formation of global value chain is an important sign that trade and industrial cooperation among member economies has reached a new height.The global value chain also provides new momentum for in-depth development of free trade and investment.
World Attention|世界瞩目
13年后，APEC会议再次在中国举行，来自全球的数千名记者云集采访。各方期待今年的APEC在推进区域经济一体化方面取得实实在在的进展;期待亚太继续引领世界经济的复苏和增长;期待中国为APEC发展和亚太振兴做出新贡献。
More than 4,000 journalists have gathered in Beijing to cover the APEC meeting.The world expects the meeting to achieve tangible progre in advancing regional economic integration.The world also hopes the Asia-Pacific region to continue driving the global economic recovery.China is expected to make new contributions
to reviving the Asia-Pacific region.
Xi Jinping|习近平
领导人非正式会议将于10日至11日举行。习近平主席将主持和出席十多场重要活动，包括：出席亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会开幕式并发表主旨演讲、主持亚太经合组织领导人与工商咨询理事会代表对话会、出席并主持两个阶段的领导人会议和工作午宴、按惯例同与会经济体领导人和代表合影并共同参加亚太伙伴林植树活动等。
Chinese President Xi Jinping will chair and participate in a series of important meetings, including addreing the APEC CEO Summit, chairing the APEC Busine Advisory Council Dialogue with Leaders and chairing the Economic Leaders\' Meeting.
Yanqi Lake|雁栖湖
距北京市中心约50公里的怀柔雁栖湖，是此次APEC会议周的最重头戏——领导人非正式会议会场所在地。雁栖岛上的国际会议中心、贵宾别墅、日出东方酒店、国际会展中心，既是会议成功举办的坚实保障，也是体现低碳环保理念的示范。岛上还设有3000个鸟舍，
供鸟类在迁徙中歇脚。
The APEC Economic Leaders\' Meeting will be held near Yanqi Lake, 50 kilometers north of Beijing\'s downtown area.On the Yanqi Island, a conference center, hotel, exhibition center and VIP villas all use green technologies.Altogether 3,000 bird nests have been built for bird migrations.
Zero Tariff|零关税
从自贸区建设到互联互通，是否有一天APEC区域内真会实现“零关税”这个理想化的目标?若是如此，以后在上海买苹果手机说不定就跟在美国加州的价格一样了。
One day there may be no tariff between APEC economies with the development of the free trade area and regional connectivity.If that comes true, people may pay the same amount of money to buy an iPhone in Shanghai as they do in California.
推荐第6篇：考研英语小作文必背
考研英语小作文必背范文
为同学们提供求职信和求学信两篇范文，希望同学们从中深化概念，深入了解申请信的写作。
范文1：求职信
Applying for the Position of Aistant for Marketing Project ManagerDirections:
You are a senior of English for Busine.A German company in China is
recruiting an aistant to marketing project manager,which requires a good command of English and knowledge in German especially.Write a letter of about 100 words applying for the position,introducing yourself and asking for an interview.You needn\'t write the addre.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, using \"Wang Lin\" instead.
Dear Sirs,
I am graduating from the Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade this summer.As a student of English for Busine, I hope to work for a foreign company after graduation.
In the past three academic years,I have proved myself to be a straight
student,awarded a succeion of scholarships.My English is particularly good and German happens to be my second foreign language,which will live up to the requirements set by a wholly foreign-owned enterprise like yours.
I apply for the position of aistant to your marketing project manager.You will find me a good team player,self-motivated and eager to learn.I believe I can be of value to your company.
Enclosed please find my resume.
I should be very happy if you would arrange an interview with me.
Yours sincerely,
Wang Lin
范文2：求学信
Dear Profeor Smith,
I am writing to apply for admiion to your university for further studies in the field of Physical Chemistry leading to a Ph.D.degree.I would also like to apply for a position as a teaching aistant.Would you please send me the neceary information and forms？
I am 26,male,majoring in chemistry.I received my M.S.degree from Nanjing University of Science and Technology in 1994.I have been working as a teaching aistant in the chemistry Department there.
An early reply would be appreciated.Thank you.
Respectfully yours,
（Signature）
Li Ming
范文3：感谢信
Thanks for One\'s Hospitality
Directions:
Your delegation has just returned from a visit to a university in Great Britain.And you were warmly treated there by Profeor Herthwell.Please write a letter to expre your thanks to him for his hospitality and hope for further cooperation.Dear Prof.Herthwell,
Many thanks for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during our delegation\'s recent visit to your university.It was nice of you to introduce me to so many of your famous profeors and celebrated scholars at your university.We had a safe and sound trip home.Now we have resumed our work.
Meanwhile,I hope you will someday pay a short visit to our university and give us some lectures on \"Modern Western Economics\".
Please have no hesitation in writing to me if you want me to do something for you in China.
With best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Li Dong
推荐第7篇：考研英语完型必背100句
1．As I\'ll be away for at least a year, I\'d appreciate hearing from you now and then telling me howeveryone is getting along.
2．Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, _only__ to find it locked.
3．Doctors see a connection between increase amounts of leisure time spent__ sunbathing _ andthe increased number of cases of skin cancer.
4．Unle you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are notentitled_to___ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.
5．On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont_ when ___ I noticed a young man holdingup a sign reading \"Boston\".
6．Christie stared angrily at her boos and turned away, as though__ to go __ out of the office.
7．The roles expected__of_ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactionsfor normal happine.
8．Talk to anyone in the drug industry,__ and __ you\'ll soon discover that the science of geneticsis the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.
9．It wasn\'t so much that I disliked her__ as _ that I just wasn\'t interested in the whole busine.
10．Countle divouced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even
thought of a divouce, let alone_ gotten __ one.
11．Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the aertion about
economic recovery _ being _ just around the corner was untrue.
12．Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills _ seven times more _ people each year
than automobile accidents.
13．It\' s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague
changes _taking_ place in our ever-changing world.
14．This is an exciting area of study, and one _in_ which new applications are being discovered
almost daily.
15．As__ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active
participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.
16．Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony , I was unable to attend _on_ such short
notice.
17．California has more light than it knows _what_ to do with but everything else is expensive.
18．The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don\' t have small children and
get along _well enough_ to spend most of their time together.
19．Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about _to pay_ compliments to his
political leaders .
20．These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital
information than _exist_ in traditional media.
21．22．23．newspapers .
24．
25． 26．27． 28．29． 30．at the gas station
31．I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time _to catch___ the last bus .
32．As it turned out to be a small house party, we __needn’t have dreed up___ so formally.
33．I apologize if I ___had offended__ you, but I aure you it was unintentional .
34．Although a teenager, Fred could resist __being told__ what to do and what not to do .
35．Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage __is to be
___ avoided .
36．Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true
__when___ it comes to claroom tests .
37．There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it poible for a profeional to be
re-educated no matter __what___ he does .
38．I\'ve kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school __with___ twenty years ago .
39．He wasn\'t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, __ being considered ___
insufficiently popular with all members .
40．___Had it not been __ for the timely investment from the general public, our company wouldnot be so thriving as it is .
41．The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, __ the larger of which
___ could go pennile by next year.
42．Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always __ being combined ___ with
other elements, mostcommonly with oxygen.
43．Andrew, my father\'s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, __much___ to the family\'s
disappointment.
44．I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all poible, but I __was___ fullyoccupied the whole of last week.
45．Help will come from the UN, but the aid will be ___nowhere__ near what\'s needed.
46．The chief reason for the population growth isn\'t so much a rise in birth rates __as___ a fall in
death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.
47．He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject.
__What little___ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.
48． Although we feel diatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled ___to
__ the decision made by our fellow countrymen.
49．Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone __added___ to the
system, so does the value ofa computer system increase with each program that turns out.
50．The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so
trivial and few as hardly _to be noticed____ .
51．Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed
__had been produced___.
52．There ought to be le anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than _exists__ in the
public mind today.
53．The profeor can hardly find sufficient grounds __on which to base___ his argument in
favor of the new theory.
54． ____Nobody____ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the
science fiction.
55．How many of us _attending__, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in
the discuion?
56．Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe __in that__ it provides he building
blocs from which the other elements are produced.
57．We are taught that a busine letter should be written in a formal style __rather than __ in a
personal one.
58．___As___ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth
development of production.
59．It is believed that today\'s pop music can serve as a creative force _by___ stimulating the
thinking of its listeners.
60．Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ___so is__ the atmosphere.
61．If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I__buried____ my head in my hands for
a cry.
62．Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port
___announced____ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.
63．According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one ___had
best____ wait instead of searching for it.
64．She felt suitably humble just as she __had_____ when he had first taken a good look at her
city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.
65．There was no sign that Mr Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite havingresigned fromleadership of it, would intervene personally.
66．So involved with their computers __do the children become_____ that leaders at summer
computer caps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
67．The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is __nothing more than_____ ananonymous, statistically insignificant part ofa huge and diverse audience.
68．One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match.___By____ this is meant that a
concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.
69．Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and beingtalked to __that_____ it has all but lost the will and theskill to speak for itself.
70．Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,___be____ they Christian,Islamic, Buddhist,Jewish, and so on.
71．The board deemed it urgent that these files be printed right away.
72．But that he saw it , he could not have believed.
73．He is by far the most active member in our group.
74．It’s considerate of you to arrange for him to see us off.
75．They had a full exchange of views on a series of major questions and reached complete
agreement on measures to be taken to safeguard peace.
76.These novels still have a great attraction _______ young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.
A.forB.onC.towardsD.to
77．Television will provide information on prices at the _ shops as well as new and entertainment..A.nearB.nearbyC.nearlyD.nearer
78．Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a_____ writer.
A.todayB.nowadaysC.present-dayD.present
79．But in the 19th century French novelist JulesVernemay be called a futurologist in the
fullest _____ of the word.
A.senseB.meaningC.detailD .implication
80．This _____ of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking.
A.efficiencyB.technologyC.artD.performance
81．But more significantly, it will _____ materials and machines into space for industrial purpose
unimagined two decades ago.
A.supplyB.introduceC.deliverD.transfer
82．Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be ______ in a single large building.
A.consistedB.containedC.composedD.comprised
83．And you won’t feel ______ in a busine office that has the appearance of school.
A.correctB.properC.rightD.suitable
84．Proper selection will eliminate one source of ______ breakdown in the communication.
A.inacceibleB.timelyC.likelyD.invalid
85．He must either sell some of his propertyor _____ extra funds in the form loans.
A.searchB.saveC.offerD.seek
86．For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound shaping qualities, and too few entries
and exits will not work for ____ purpose.
A.theirB.itsC.thoseD.that
87．There are thirteen of them, and if _____ is miing a deficiency disease becomes apparent.
A.anyB.someC.anythingD.something
88．He must use his surplus in three ways:as seed for sowing , as an insurance_____ the
unpredictable effects of bad weather.
A.forB.againstC.ofD.towards
89．When it accomplished its_____, it can be ready for another trip about two weeks.
A .ventureB.miionC.commiionD.responsibility
90．With so many temporary workers, every morning its people _____ into the offices and
factories of America.
A.swarmB.strideC.separateD.slip
91．In order to expand the scale of production, a farmer must store large quantity of grain_____
consuming all his grain immediately.
A.other thanB.as well asC.instead ofD.more than
92．The word used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener_______
interfere with his comprehension.
A.whoB.asC.whichD.what
93．The new experiments, such as those ______ fro the first timeat a recent meeting, suggest
fascinating explanations for the purpose of non-Rem sleep.
A.maintainedB.describedC.settledD.afforded
94．He can continue to support himselfand his family _____ he produces a surplus.
A.only ifB much a sC.long beforeD.ever since
95．Inaccurate or indefinite words may make_____ difficult for the listenerto understand.
A.thatB.itC.soD.this
96．More people will eat in restaurants______ they do today.
A thanB.asC.whenD.while
97．They do not provideenergy ,______ do they construct or buildany part of the body.
A.eitherB.soC.norD.never
98．A shopkeeper always runs a certain____ when he accepts a check.
A.dangerB.chanceC.riskD.opportunity
99．Each worker ______ one or two specific functions in the factory to fulfill the duty.
A.performsB.undertakesC.playsD.holds
100．_____ of the news came two days after he caused a storm of journalist protection.
A.ReleaseB.PublicationC.PrintD.Exposure
推荐第8篇：考研英语作文必背经典句型
2013考研英语作文必背经典句型
1.随着经济的繁荣 with the booming of the economy
2.随着人民生活水平的显著提高 with the remarkable improvement of people\'s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.为我们日常生活增添了情趣 add much spice / flavor to our daily life
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that…
6.我同意前者(后者)观点 I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 sth.has aroused wide public concern./ sth has drawn great public attention.
8.利远远大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
9.开阔眼界 widen one\'s horizon / broaden one\'s vision
10.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into consideration
11.从另一个角度 from another perspective
12.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
13.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly keen social competition
14.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its own merits and demerits / pros and cons
15.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to
16.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas / emotions / information
17.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of…
18.…的健康发展 the healthy development of…
19.把时间和精力放在…上 focus one\'s time and energy on…
20.导致很多问题 give rise to / lead to / spell various problems
21.可以替代think的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief / view that
22.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.
23.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
24.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
用于文章承转句
1.那就是(说)…;亦即…
That is to say, …
= That is, …
= Namely, …
例：我们生活需有规律。也就是说，早睡早起，戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.
2.(A) 基于这个理由，… For this reason, …
(B) 为了这个目的，… For this purpose, …
例：基于这个理由，我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.
3.我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe (that)子句
例：我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.
4.事实上，…
As a matter of fact, …
= In fact, …
例：事实上，健康才是最重要。
As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.
5.(A) 例如，… For example, …
(B) 拿…做例子 Take … for example.
例：例如，我们盲目地提高生活水准，却降低生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.
6.此外，我们不应忽视…
Besides (In addition), we should not neglect …
例：此外，我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
7.相反地，…
on the contrary, …
= by contrast, …
例：相反地，少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.
8.另一方面，…
on the other hand, …
例：政府应严格执法，另一方面，大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.
9.然而，很可惜的是…
However, it is a pity that子句
例：然而，很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.
10.换言之，…
in other words, …
= to put it differently
例：换言之，我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain (gain, live up to) my goal.
11.别人可能认为这是事实，但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as aumed by others, but I don\'t.I believe that子句
例：别人可能认为这是事实，但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as aumed by others, but I don\'t.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the succe will certainly come to you in the end.
12.从此之后，我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found that子句
例：从此之后，我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any poible conflicts in our daily lives.
13.这样说来，假如...，当然毫无疑问地…。
In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt (that) 子句
例：这样说来，假如我们能善用时间，当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。
In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.
14.更严重的是，…。
What is more serious is (that)子句
例：更严重的是，我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.
15.鉴于社会的实际需要，…。
In view of the practical need of society, ….
例：鉴于社会的实际需要，愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。
In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.
推荐第9篇：考研英语作文必背精彩句式
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
考研英语作文必背精彩句式
各位研苞你们的作文模板准备的怎么样啦？今天小研给大家准备了一些热门话题比较常用的句式，速来借鉴，让你的作文模板更上一层楼吧~
1.生活时间角度
(1) we have been always considering sth (recreational activities) as something to relax ourselves or something that can add color to the dull routine of every day life.
我们一直认为娱乐活动可以让我们放松，可以为我们每天枯燥的生活增添一些色彩。
(2) Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of every day life.
Sth可以使我们的生活更加有乐趣，也就是说，sth为我们每天枯燥的生活增添了一些色彩。
(3) For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happine and contentment
n 对大多数人来讲，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源
(4)Furthermore, students living in their own home would have acce to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。
(5) sth, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
Sth 很有建设意义的占据了人们的空余时间，使得人们很满足，进而没有时间来觉得无聊。（6）Sth does not occupy students’ too much time.In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
Sth 不会占据学生太多的时间.实际上让他们把所有的时间都花在学习上也是不健康的，就如一句俗话所说：劳逸结合。
（7）What‘s more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.
而且，生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间，这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。
（8）Furthermore, students living in their own home would have acce to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents,
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。
2.知识经验角度
（1）Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.
逐渐的，我们的知识会得到增加，我们的视野将会大大的拓宽。
（2）For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge.Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老
（3）The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
（4）Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage.By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
（5）By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
（6）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
（7）In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children.Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring claroom.
首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。
3.环境健康角度
（1）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that some certain sports contribute directly to our health by giving us some physical exercises.
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
现在越来越多的人开始相信体育锻炼能有助于身体健康。
（2）As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life.This situation is encouraging, for it not only broadens people\'s minds to the extend which may not be reached previously, but also relaxes them physically, which help people work out mental problems more actively.
实际上，旅行已经成为我们生活的一个部分，这样的情形是喜人的，因为旅行不仅可以拓宽人们的视野达到之前没有达到的范围，而且还可以在身体上得到放松，这能使人们更加积极的克服心理问题。
(3) Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。
Some of the…are poisonous and dangerous to health.
（4）Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
(5)…Under considerable preure from… therefore…will only add to their burden.
在这样的压力之下，所以会增加他们的负担。
(6) I see three kinds of preure working on people today: preure from education, family and career.It is easy to blame the school for charging too much money, the family members for the heavy burden, the society for the fierce competition.I think people should relax.It is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.
我能看到今天人们身上的三种压力，教育的压力，家庭和职业的压力。学校所收学费太贵，家庭成员负担过重，来自社会的激烈竞争。我认为人们应该放松，他们他们来说，在任何环境下保持一个好的情绪是很重要的。
（7）Moreover, children will have le time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills.They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illne.
而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
4.合作角度
（1）sth can give students team-spirit and teach them how to cooperate with others.Because in those activities, students usually need to cooperate with others in order to get good achievement.
Sth 可以赋予学生们团队精神，并教会他们学会与人合作。因为在这些活动中，学生通常需要相互合作目的是得到提高。
5.科技发展环境角度
（1）In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it poible for people to live longer than in the past.
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
（2）Admittedly, this limit has made it poible for the public to realize the importance of environmental protection and enable we Chinese people to cherish the beauty of our communities.
可以承认，这一限制已经使得公众认识到环境保护的重要性，并且使得我们中国人去珍惜我们美丽的社区。
（3）Although many people claim that, along with the rapid economic development, the number of people who use bicycle is decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out.The information I’ve collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
虽然很多人承认，随着经济的快速发展，使用自行车的人数正在下降，自行车一定会消失。根据我最近几年所收集到的信息使我相信自行车会在现代社会中扮演一个非常重要的角色。
（4）Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
考研成功难又不难，一旦大家开始准备就要全力以赴。自制力差的学生可以找几个研友，互相激励，因为坚持下来也确实不容易，也看个人习惯，有的同学可能一个人学习更有效率；在这个过程中更主要的还有大家坚持的信念，坚持完成一件事情本身就是成功。
在三百多天的日子里，老师会一直陪伴着大家，里边的每条微博、微信、咨询都是温暖大家并激励大家前行的动力。奔跑吧，2016的考生们！
虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。 综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2016考研有个好成绩。
小提示：目前本科生就业市场竞争激烈，就业主体是研究生，在如今考研竞争日渐激烈的情况下，我们想要不在考研大军中变成分母，我们需要：早开始+好计划+正确的复习思路+好的辅导班（如果经济条件允许的情况下）。2017考研开始准备复习啦，早起的鸟儿有虫吃，一分耕耘一分收获。加油！
推荐第10篇：考研英语写作必背24句型
2015考研英语写作必背24句型
1.随着经济的繁荣 with the booming of the economy
2.随着人民生活水平的显着提高 with the remarkable improvement of people\'s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.为我们日常生活增添了情趣 add much spice / flavor to our daily life
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that…
6.我同意前者（后者）观点 I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 sth.has aroused wide public concern./ sth has drawn great public attention.
8.利远远大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
9.开阔眼界 widen one\'s horizon / broaden one\'s vision
10.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into consideration
11.从另一个角度 from another perspective
12.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
13.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly keen social competition
14.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its own merits and demerits / pros and cons
15.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to
16.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas / emotions / information
17.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of…
18.…的健康发展 the healthy development of…
19.把时间和精力放在…上 focus one\'s time and energy on…
20.导致很多问题 give rise to / lead to / spell various problems
21.可以替代think的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief / view that
22.优先考虑/发展… give （top） priority to sth.
23.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
24.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
第11篇：考前必背：考研英语写作经典
范文(一)
Writing (图画提纲式议论文)
Directions: Study the following set of cartoons carefully and write an eay in which you should
1) describe the cartoons,
2) state its main idea, and give your comment.
You should write about 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)
范文
These two cartoons show two contrasting scenes.While the male student spends all his time and money playing Internet games, the female student studies diligently.One could easily argue that a bright future awaits the students who study hard, while those who waste tuition playing games have little to look forward to.The above images encourage students to value their time in school and take advantage of educational opportunities.
While students dream of being accepted into college for years, they often become lost once admitted.Without their parents\' constant support and advice, or because of limited communication with teachers, many students are unable to focus on their future goals.Such confusion leads some to forget their studies and resort to playing on the Internet, among other forms of recreation.Students should not only keep their ambitions in mind, but also seriously strive towards them.Without a clear purpose, one might easily waste crucial years neglecting one\'s studies.
Constantly playing on the Internet leads to failure, while continuously studying guarantees succe.Students need to appreciate their time in school, and work hard in order to ensure a good future.
译文：
这两幅漫画描述了两个形成鲜明对照的场景，第一幅画中的男生在网络游戏中虚掷了所有的时间和金钱，而第二幅画中的女生却在勤勉地学习。可以很容易得出结论：对于刻苦学习的学生，一个美好的未来在等候着他们；而浪费学费玩游戏的学生没有什么指望了。上面这两幅画激励学生们珍惜在校的时光和受教育的机会。
经过多年的梦寐以求终于跨进大学门槛的学生，却往往迷失了自己。因为没有了父母常在身边的支持和建议，或是缺乏与老师的沟通，很多学生找不到自己未来的奋斗目标。而这种困惑就使得一些学生扔掉书本，靠各种消遣——包括玩网络游戏——来打发时光。大学生不应只空谈理想，应该认真地为之奋斗，而没有明确的目标则会让一个人在度过他至关紧要的几年后头脑空空。
沉湎于网络游戏只会导致失败，而坚持不懈的学习则能收获成功。大学生们一定要珍惜在校时光，为了美好的未来而努力。
范文
The images above are both meaningful and instructive: this man\'s hard work is not only for his own benefit, but also for the benefit of future generations.The pictures serve to remind us that the existence of our current happine and valuable national heritage is due to the struggles of our predeceors.
We, in turn, should also work hard in order to guarantee the comfort and safety of generations to come.Sustainable development has become a topic of heated debate in recent years.While it is justifiable to satisfy current demands, we cannot neglect the needs of our descendants in the proce.Our children also depend on Earth\'s natural resources and we should not deprive them of such neceities.Unfortunately, many people only think of their short term, personal interests.An entire forest might be clear cut, in the interest of making a profit, without a single tree planted in its place.This inconsiderate attitude towards the welfare of our descendants, as well the indifference to the outcome of such reckle actions, can only turn Earth into a cold and lifele planet.
People must be taught to appreciate Earth as not only their home, but also the home of our children and grandchildren, as well as all other plants and animals.While making great efforts to increase our current quality of life, we must simultaneously consider how our actions will affect future lives.
译文：
上面的漫画意味深长而发人深省，栽树人的艰辛劳作不只是为了他自己，也是为了后人。这幅漫画是为了提醒我们今天的幸福生活和宝贵的民族遗产归功于我们祖先的奋斗，而我们，反过来，也要努力劳动来确保我们后代的幸福和平安。
可持续发展是近几年的热点话题，虽然我们要满足自己当前的需要，但不能将子孙后代的需求抛置脑后。我们的孩子同样需要自然资源，我们不能剥夺他们的这份必需品。不幸的是很多人只考虑他们短视的、自私的利益。为了获得利润，整片的森林被砍光，一棵树都不留下。这种不顾及子孙福利的态度，和对这种轻率行为的后果的无动于衷，只会让我们的地球变成一个冷冰冰而无生气的行星。
必须告诫人们的是：地球不仅是他们的家园，也是他们的孩子和所有后代的家园，还是其他所有的植物和动物的家园。在努力提高今天的生活质量的同时，我们必须考虑到我们的行为会对未来的生命产生什么样的影响。
美丽不是表面的
范文
In the above cartoons, a young woman happily eats bananas and casually discards the peels on the street, unaware of the fact that such actions not only pollute the environment but also pose a danger to others.In the next illustration a disabled man struggles to properly dispose of the trash she has left behind.
Despite the girl\'s youth and beauty, it is the disabled man who is truly beautiful.True beauty comes from one\'s actions rather than one\'s appearance.While most of us enjoy pretty appearances, it is more important to cultivate a clean and beautiful soul.Only such souls can create a genuinely beautiful society.Chinese traditionally uphold the virtues of modesty, generosity，broadmindedne, and politene.
Confucian teachings such as: “do not do to others as you would not want done to you” and “one should be delighted to hear criticism,” are wise and worthwhile.If people embody these teachings our society can only improve and progre.The thoughts of great minds like Confucius are also worth studying.His writings set fine and noble examples for us to follow.Another proverb thus comes to mind: in the company of three one always can find a teacher.We should always be willing and able to learn from those around us.
译文：
在上面的漫画里，一个年轻女子愉快地吃着香蕉，然后随手就把香蕉皮扔到了街上——丝毫没顾及到这样的举动不仅会污染环境，还会给他人带来危险。而在接下来的那幅图中，一位残疾人艰难地把她扔下的垃圾清理掉了。虽然这个女孩年轻貌美，但真正美的是那位残疾人。真正的美是出自行动而不是外表，虽然我们每个人都喜欢漂亮的外貌，但更重要的是培养纯净、美丽的心灵，只有这样的心灵才能创造出真正美好的社会。中国自古推崇谦逊、宽宏、心胸开阔和以礼待人的美德。
孔夫子的教导：“己所不欲，勿施于人”、“闻过则喜”是明智的并值得我们遵循。如果人们把这些箴言都落实到生活中，那么我们的社会就会得到改善和进步。大思想家孔子的思想是值得我们学习的。他的著述给我们留下了杰出、高尚的楷模让我们效仿。另一句谚语又浮现在我的脑海里：“三人行，必有我师”。我们必须随时愿意和能够向周围的人们学习。
范文(四)
Writing (图画提纲式议论文)
Directions:
A.Study the following cartoon carefully and write an eay in about 200 words.B.Your eay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET II.
C.Your eay should meet the requirements below:
1.Describe the cartoon and the meage conveyed
2.Draw a conclusion and give your comment on the cartoon..
范文：
Indicated above are pictures that show trees play a vital role in water and soil conservation.In the left hand picture, people are fleeing from voracious sand dunes because they cut down all the trees.The caption reads, \"As the sand advances, we retreat.\" In the right hand picture, the people have returned carrying tools, water and samplings for the reforestation of the land.We are informed that, \"As we advances, the sand retreats.\"
It seems that the cartoonist is sending a meage about the significance of trees in water and soil conservation and the need for everyone to fight against the danger of the desertification.In fact, what he is saying is if we do not fight against the sand, it will drive us away from the land.If we let this situation go as it is, our environment will suffer a great destruction.
The best way to fight back against the greedy desert is made clear in the second picture.There the local people are vigorously setting about the task of planting trees to reclaim the land and make it fertile.The fact that there are three people in the picture, each with a different job suggests that cooperative efforts is one of the keys to succe in the battle against soil erosion and only in this way can desertification be finally defeated.(225)
译文：
如图所示，树木对水土保持起着至关重要的作用。左图中，人们被贪婪的沙丘追赶，因为他们砍伐了所有的树木。标题写着：“沙进我退”。右图中，人们拿着工具、水和树苗回来重新植树造林。我们被告知：“我进沙退”。
我认为，漫画家要告诉我们的是：树木对水土保持的重要性，以及每个人参与抵制沙化威胁的必要性。实际上，他要说的是如果我们不与沙漠做斗争，它会把我们从土地上赶走。如果我们让这种情况继续下去，环境将遭到巨大的破坏。
第二幅图清楚地说明了击退贪婪沙漠的方法。那里的人们正在热情高涨地着手植树造林、收回土地，使它变得肥沃。图中三个人每人干不同的工作，这说明合作努力是成功防止土壤侵蚀的关键之一,只有这样才能战胜沙漠化
假冒伪劣产品
范文
As the picture given depicts, the socialist market-oriented economy in our country is developing rapidly, just like a truck running at a high speed.But the general public is surprised to find that there are more and more fake and inferior products seriously hampering the expansion of our market economy.Consumers have to be very careful in purchasing goods and services they need; otherwise they will fall into the traps set by the illegal manufacturers.
There is no doubt that fake and inferior products are extremely harmful.In the first place, they endanger people’s health, giving rise to a lot of injury accidents.For instance, inferior-quality medicines not only aggravate a patient’s condition, but also tend to threaten his life and, what’s worse, to result in his death.Secondly, fake and inferior products are usually sold on the cheap.In many cases they interfere with the normal economic order in our country, affecting the marketing of many high-quality goods.This, in a great degree, hinders the development of our socialist market economy and harms the interests of our state.Therefore, we can say that fake and inferior products are a dangerous “tumor” in our healthy economy, which must be cut away as soon as poible.
In my opinion, several strong measures should be adopted to fight against fake and inferior products.On the one hand, those who make them deserve to be severely punished by the law.On the other hand, consumers should learn to discern between true and false.Only in this way can they defend their own legal rights and interests.(263 words)
译文：
正如所给的图画所描绘的, 我国社会主义市场经济正在迅速发展, 就像一辆高速行驶的卡车。但是公众惊讶地发现, 越来越多的假冒伪劣产品严重地阻碍了我国市场经济的发展。消费者必须经常谨慎地去购买他们所需的货物或服务, 否则他们会落入不法制假人所设的陷阱。
毫无疑问, 假冒伪劣产品极其有害。首先, 它们危害人民的健康, 引发了许多伤害事故。例如，伪劣药品不仅使病人的病情恶化, 而且往往会威胁病人的生命, 更糟的是, 导致病人的死亡。其次, 假冒伪劣产品通常廉价出售。在许多情况下, 它们又干扰了我国正常的经济秩序, 影响了许多高质量产品的销路。这在很大程度上阻碍了我国社会主义市场经济的健康发展, 并损害了我们国家的利益。 因此, 我们可以说, 假冒伪劣产品是我们健康经济中的一颗“毒瘤”, 对此必须尽快清除。
依我看, 必须采取若干有力措施来与假冒伪劣产品斗争。一方面, 制假者应该依法严惩。另一方面, 消费者应该学会识别真假。只有这样, 消费者才能维护他们的合法权益。
范文
Basically, what we see in this picture is a bird lamenting the fact that its home has been destroyed.Of course, birds usually make their homes in trees, and since there are no trees left in the picture – only the stumps, to show that the original trees have been chopped down – the bird is left without shelter.In fact, the bird has no choice but to perch on the handle of an axe, which has been used to destroy its original home.
We can deduce from this picture that the drawer is trying to attract our attention to the tragedy of the destruction of forests, which is part of the threat to the ecological balance of the planet.He seems to be saying that soon there will be no trees left in the world.In my opinion, the sad little bird is a symbol of all living things, including human beings, and, like the bird, we too will be left homele if we allow the destruction of the environment to continue.
This simple picture is a wake – up call for the whole of the human race.If this vivid image of the grim future of our planet is not to become a reality, we must take positive steps right now to put an end the plundering of the Earth’s natural resources.It is clear that the drawer of the picture is urging us to start with a campaign to save the forests, which is something all of us can join by urging our local authorities to take positive measures to save the trees.
译文：
我们主要能从这幅图上看到的是一只小鸟为自己的家被毁坏而悲伤。当然，鸟类通常把家建在树上，因为图中没有树了—-只有树桩，表明原来的树被砍伐了—这只鸟无处藏身。实际上，这只鸟别无选择，只能停在被用来破坏它原来家园的斧柄上。
我们可以从图中推测出画家试图把我们的注意力吸引到森林遭到破坏这一悲剧上，而这正是威胁地球生态平衡的一部分。他似乎想说很快世界上将没有树了，但我认为这只可怜的小鸟象征包括人类在内的所有生物。而且，如果我们允许继续破坏环境，我们也会像小鸟一样无家可归。
这幅简单的图画是对全人类的一个警钟。如果不想让这个对这个星球可怕未来的生动的描绘变成现实，我们现在必须采取积极的措施停止掠夺地球的自然资源。很明显，画家在力劝我们开始拯救森林的行动。我们都可以参与，敦促当地政府采取措施拯救树木。
范文：
The cartoon presents the Earth with a personified human face that seems quite unhappy.A examination of the picture immediately reveals that the source of its mood is the air pollution resulting from a huge number of automobiles spread around its surface.
The cartoon, no doubt, aims at alarming humans of the heavy load we have exerted on Earth by our insatiable production and usage of automobiles.However, the majority of people merely indulge in the celebration of the convenience brought by cars, while forgetting or simply neglecting their harmful impact on the atmosphere.Admittedly, there are various factors contributing to the current worldwide air pollution, but it is undeniable that the exhaust from automobiles is categorized as one of the major elements.
I would like to make the following proposals to solve this problem: firstly, we should apply the most cutting-edge technologies in order to adopt new forms of energy as substitutes for foil fuels.It should also be guaranteed that the clean energy be inexpensive so that it can be widely accepted.Besides, there should be attempts to develop poible transportation means, so that citizens can be diverted from dependence on cars.In short, it is humans\' responsibility to resume clean air for Earth.
译文：
这幅漫画以拟人的方式呈现地球，它的脸显得非常不高兴。仔细观察这幅图就会发现其郁闷来自于空气污染，这是由于其表面上有着无数车辆在行驶。
毫无疑问，这幅漫画意在向人们敲响警钟，即人类永不知足的生产和使用汽车给我们的地球带来了巨大的负担。但是，大部分人却沉溺于汽车带来方便，而忘记了或者是忽略了其对大气层的负面影响。诚然，有很多因素导致了现在的全球空气污染问题，但是不能否认的是汽车废气被归为最重要的因素之一。
为了解决这个问题，我想提出以下建议：第一，我们应该运用最先进的技术从而以新能源替代化石燃料。同时，我们要确保清洁能源的价格低廉以得到大众的接受。此外，我们应该尝试发展各种交通方式，这样市民们能够摆脱对于汽车
晚期癌症病人请求安乐死。我们怎么办？
范文
Mercy killing is one of the most controversial iues in the world of medicine.As the picture given above depicts, a late-stage cancer patient is terminally-ill, asking the doctors for mercy killing.But the doctors look deeply embarraed, feeling helple because they are at a lo what to do about it.
The picture really sets me thinking.It implies that people differ in their attitudes towards the mercy killing.Some people think that physician-aisted suicide can relieve dying patients of unbearable pain and suffering.They maintain that as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, he has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.Others are strongly opposed to physician-aisted suicide.They contend that a doctor has no right to give a patient sufficient medication to control his pain if that may hasten death.They conclude that it is illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives.
As far as I’m concerned, doctors have a duty to help dying patients to alleviate their pain and suffering.I also agree that doctors deserve to be punished if they prolong the needle suffering of their terminally-ill patients.In short, I am in favor of mercy killing.(207 words)
译文：
安乐死是医学界最有争议的问题之一。正如上面所示的画所描绘的，一位晚期癌症病人病入膏肓，请求医生们实施安乐死。但医生们看上去十分尴尬，感到无能为力，因为他们不知道该怎么办。
这幅画确实发人深省。它暗示，人们在对待安乐死上看法不一致。有些人认为，医助自杀可以减轻垂死病人不堪忍受的痛苦。他们主张，只要医生开药是为了合法的医疗目的，那么即使病人使用这种药物加速了死亡，医生也没有做什么违法的事。其他人则强烈反对医助自杀。他们坚持认为，医生无权给病人开足以控制痛苦的药物，如果那样做会加速死亡的话。他们的结论是，医生帮助垂危病人结束生命是违法的。
依我看，医生有义务帮助垂死病人缓解病痛。我还认为，如果医生延长了垂死病人不必要的痛苦的话，那他们应该受到惩处。总之，我赞成安乐死。
范文：
People have the illusion that they can do anything with money.Just as what is shown in the picture, by paying a penalty, people can give birth to more children, factories can let out the polluted air directly without any treatment, and trees can be felled at will.
This is a very serious social problem.Compared with other countries, China has a larger population but more limited resources.If everybody behaves in the similar way, it would be far beyond the country\'s capacity to guarantee everyone a well-off life.Moreover, it was reported that to bring up one child costs 350,000 yuan, which means that a family with several children bears a heavy burden.Meanwhile, if factories do not take any measure to treat the polluted air, the atmosphere will be further contaminated.Also, the felling of trees will surely lead to soil erosion, while frequently occurring sand storms are humans\' deserved punishment for deforestation.Though penalty is one of the methods to punish this sort of behavior, it is never the only way.Solving these problems reflected in the picture depends largely on our responsibility to society and environment.If the sense of responsibility is greatly aroused, harmony between man and the environment will not be far away.
译文：
现今很多人认为用钱就可以做所有的事情。正如图中所示的那样，通过付罚款，人们可以超生，工厂可以不经过处理就排放废气，树木也可以被随意地砍伐。
这是一个非常严重的社会问题。相比其他国家，中国有更多的人口而资源却非常有限。如果每个人都用这种方式行事的话，那么这个国家远远没有能力让每个人都过上富裕的生活。此外，有报道称要培养一个孩子需要花费3万5千元，这意味着一个有许多孩子的家庭将承受很沉重的负担。同时，如果工厂不采取措施处理废气的话，大气层会被进一步污染。另外，树木砍伐会导致土地的腐蚀和水土流失，频繁发生的沙尘暴就是人类过度砍伐森林应得的惩罚。
尽管罚款是惩罚这些行为的一种方法，但绝不是唯一的方法。解决这个问题更重要的一点在很大程度上取决于我们对于社会和环境的责任。如果能够唤起广泛的责任感，那么我们离达到人与自然之间的和谐就不远了。范文：
In this picture a man rudely opens a garbage can and violently throws all kinds of waste into it.However, the box is not an ordinary trash can, but is, as a matter of fact, the Earth.It is where survive, breed, and prosper.But as the drawing indicates, Earth does not receive an equal repayment.Quite the contrary, one of the biggest \"gifts\" humans return to Earth is an unbelievable amount of trash.
The picture purposefully points out a kind of pollution that arouses little public attention, that is, garbage.The past century has witneed an unprecedented increase in garbage output, most of it technological products that are difficult to be decomposed through natural procees, such as plastics and gla.Furthermore, a recent report released that several major Chinese cities are already surrounded by circles of trash in the suburban areas, polluting air, water, and earth.
Hence, the iue of waste pollution needs to be addreed as one of the priorities that demand social efforts.Only through a holistic system of trash disposal can this problem be fully solved.Moreover, we should advocate a more frugal lifestyle so as to reduce the growing scale of waste pollution.
译文：
在该图中，一个男人粗鲁地打开一个垃圾箱、猛然地把各种垃圾往里倒。但是，这不是一个普通的垃圾箱，而实际上是地球，是人类生存、繁衍和发展的土地。可正如图中所表明的那样，地球却没有得到她应得的回报。相反，人类回复给地球的最大\"礼物\"之一就是数量惊人的垃圾。
这幅图意在指出一种没有得到足够公众关注的污染，即垃圾污染。过去的一个世纪见证了人类前所未有的垃圾生产，而大部分是来源于各种技术产品的垃圾，它们很难通过自然过程进行分解，比如塑料和玻璃。此外，最近的一则报道显示中国的几个主要城市的郊区几乎都被垃圾所包围，全方位地污染了空气、水源和土地。
因此，垃圾污染这一问题必须被看作是需要得到全社会努力解决的主要问题之一。只有通过一个全面的垃圾处理系统才能够充分解决这一问题。此外，我们应该提倡一种更加节俭的生活方式，以减小垃圾污染的增长
范文(十一)
Writing (图画提纲式议论文)
Directions: Study the picture carefully and write an eay of 160 -- 200 words in which you should
1)depict the present situation of private cars in Beijing,
2)offer reasons for or against owning private cars, and
3)give your own opinion on the iue.
北京拥250万辆汽车，其中私家车达到170万辆。
范文
With the living standards rising rapidly, more and more Beijing residents have cars of their own.Statistics show that in Beijing alone, there are 2500,000 cars, among which private cars add up to(=number) 1700,000.The increase in the number of cars brings about a lot of problems, such as air pollution, noise, traffic congestion and gas shortage.Then a controversy arises: whether private cars should be encouraged in Beijing? People differ in their opinions on it.
Many residents are against owning cars.According to them, private cars have to be limited in Beijing.The reasons for it are obvious.To begin with, cars contribute to air pollution.Beijing is now plagued by serious air pollution.If people are to have cars of their own, the already contaminated atmosphere will get even dirtier.Secondly, private cars can be a terrible threat to the already heavy traffic in the city.If more cars are allowed onto busy streets, there will be more traffic jams, which is really a public hazard to all of us.Finally, cars consume a large amount of fuel.Though China is rich in its oil resources, they are running out rapidly.All these facts allow of only one solution: to limit the ever growing number of cars.
In my opinion, private cars should be discouraged in Beijing.In order to leave clean air, wide and safe roads and abundant energy resources to our descendants, we have to say “No” to private cars.As far as the great demand for means of transport is concerned, we can develop ma transit to take the place of private cars.In short, Beijing does not need private cars.
译文：
随着生活水平的迅速提高，越来越多的北京居民拥有自己的汽车。统计数字表明，北京有250万辆汽车，其中私家车达到170万辆。汽车数量的增加产生了一系列问题，如空气污染、噪音、交通堵塞和汽油短缺。这样就引起了一场争论：北京是否应该鼓励私家车？人们对这个问题有不同的想法。
许多人反对拥有汽车。在他们看来，北京必须限制私家车。原因很明显。首先，汽车加剧了空气污染。北京的空气严重污染。如果人们都要拥有私家车，已经污染的大气将变得更脏。其次，私家车可能对北京业已拥挤的交通状况是一个可怕的威胁。如果更多的汽车开上繁华的街道，交通堵塞将会更严重。这对我们大家来说确是公害。最后，汽车消耗大量燃料。虽然中国拥有丰富的石油资源，但是它们正在日趋减少。所有这些事实只能有一种解决办法：限止日益增长的汽车数量。
我的看法是北京不应该鼓励私家车。为把清洁的空气、宽阔安全的道路和富饶的石油资源留给子孙后代，我们对私家车只能说“不”。至于对交通工具的巨大需求，我们可以发展公交系统来代替私家车。总而言之，北京不需要私家车。
第12篇：考研英语作文必背之环保
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
2016考研英语作文必背范文之环保
APEC结束不久，你对她的印象都有什么？是六天的假期，还是宽敞的街道？是地铁出行更加不便，还是很多旅游景点的封闭，抑或是随着APEC而来的越来越多的利好政策？不过你应该会听到过一个词——APEC蓝，如果你身在北京，那你更有可能切实地感受到它。其实，APCE blue虽然稍纵即逝，但是人们对美好环境的追求确实一直在进行中，考研英语作文一直都是贴合当今热点话题的，那么环保自然就成为了2015考研英语作文的热点之一，下面给大家带来一些与环保有关的单词和句子，开背吧！
一、闪光词汇
wastebin 垃圾桶
plastic 塑料制品
environment pollution 环境污染
environmental conservation 环境保护
environmental legislation 环境立法
environmental reform 环境改造
recycl循环
energy saving节能
green house绿色环境
not polluted无污染
advanced technology新科技
二、闪光例句
In major cities, residents are expected to get around by foot, bicycle or use public transportation.
在大城市，居民应该尽量步行，或用自行车或公共交通工具出行。
We should continue initiating some constructive initiatives, such as Car Free Day and its like, in promoting green transportation and bringing about cleaner air.
在促进绿色交通和带来更多的干净空气方面，我们应该继续采取（initiate）一些建设性的措施（initiatives),比如无车日活动等等。
三、闪光参考范文
As is vividly depicted by the drawing above, a boy is sleeping soundly and comfortably in the sofa, with the television on, when his mother comes and turns off the television for him, blaming the boy for not having turned off the television again。
This phenomenon can easily be found anywhere in our daily life.Many people are
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
used to doing everything with the television on, not actually watching it at all.Such a habit can cause waste of much electricity and energy, and result in the emiion of carbon.This deviates from the popular concept of “low carbon life” — to reduce the emiion of carbon, especially carbon dioxide, to protect our environment and realize sustainable development.According to statistics, if we can decrease the time for having the television on by one hour each day, we can deduce the amount of carbon emiion by 4.71 kilogram each month。
To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must promote and popularize a low carbon life among the public from every detail in our daily life.We must change the past practice of sacrificing long-term environmental health for short-term rapid economic development, and shift to developing green economy, circular economy and low carbon economy.All these effective measures can help us to reach harmony between development of the society and health of the nature。
【写作点拨】
图片中一个小男孩，早已进入甜蜜的梦乡，电视却依然在播放，这时候妈妈走过来帮他关了电视，还责备他为什么总是忘记关电视。显然，直观看来，这幅图是在告诉我们要节约用电。但是，我们如果从更宏观，更深层次的角度去思考，这幅图正是在告诉我们一个流行的生活理念：低碳生活。所以本文旨在倡导一种低碳的生活方式，倡导环保的生活理念。因此本文的内容和结构可如下：
第一段：描述图画。作文一开始，要把图画中的内容大概描述清楚，快速准确地领会图画所要传达的内容；
第二段：列举现象，分析影响。接着，分析这种现象产生的原因，会带来什么样的危害；
第三段：建议措施，展望未来。最后，提出解决问题的方法，例如低碳生活要采取什么样的措施，我们作为普通人应该如何从一点一滴做起等。
考研成功难又不难，一旦大家开始准备就要全力以赴。自制力差的学生可以找几个研友，互相激励，因为坚持下来也确实不容易，也看个人习惯，有的同学可能一个人学习更有效率；在这个过程中更主要的还有大家坚持的信念，坚持完成一件事情本身就是成功。
在三百多天的日子里，老师会一直陪伴着大家，里边的每条微博、微信、咨询都是温暖大家并激励大家前行的动力。奔跑吧，2016的考生们！
虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。 综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2016考研有个好成绩。
小提示：目前本科生就业市场竞争激烈，就业主体是研究生，在如今考研竞争日渐激烈的情况下，我们想要不在考研大军中变成分母，我们需要：早开始+好计划+正确的复习思路+好的辅导班（如果经济条件允许的情况下）。2017考研开始准备复习啦，早起的鸟儿有虫吃，一分耕耘一分收获。加油！
第13篇：牢记一下考研英语必背英语句型
牢记一下考研英语必背英语句型
1.It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population.
2.It is (has been) estimated that the world\'s population could reach 6 billion by the end of the century.
3.It must be kept in mind that there is
work.4.It can be seen from this thatthere is no difficulty in the world no secret of succe but hard
we can\'t overcome.
5.
6.It is a common saying that man who has a settled purpose As is known man is the product of labour.will surely succeed.
7.
8.It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twentyIt is clear that the enemy has no desire for peace.hours each day.
9.It\'s hard to say whether the plan is practicable.
10.There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.
11.
12.
13.To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could have been avoided.
14.As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.
15.It must be admitted that you haven\'t done what you promised to do.
16.In my opinion, this computer is different from that one you saw.
17.It is certain that we have a long way to go.
18.All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.
19.As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.
20.It has been proved that every substance, no matter what it is, is made up of atoms.
21.It has been decided that we are going to build a railway whose base must be completed within this year.
22.It is obvious (evident) that the succe of the innovation depends on our concerted efforts.
23.To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.It seems certain that they have made a series of experiments.It is said that bats have been using radar for millions of years.
24.It is natural that one may have trouble expreing complicated ideas in simpleEnglish.
25.What is more important, the agreement they have negotiated is being carried out.
26.We will be succeful
27.as long as we persevere.Frankly speaking, what you call the truth may not apply to things happening here.
28.It is true that we must redouble our efforts
catch up with the developed countries.
29.I take it for granted that they will support this idea.
I regard it as natural that they will agree to this idea.
30.;otherwise we cannot In a certain sense, a succeful scientist is a person who is never
31.The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
32.There is no denying the fact that the new management
greatly method has greatly increased the production.33.There is no denying the fact that the new management method has
increased the production.
34.Upon hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn\'t utter a word.
35.As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
36.Our goal must be attained.Our goal can unquestionably be attained.
37.Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.
38.Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, videocorders.
39.No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.
40.It can be said that without knowledge of science and technology, it is impoible to build socialist modernizations.
1、投诉信
开头I am writing to inform you that I am diatisfied with your …
结尾 I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of …
2、询问信
开头I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding/concerning …
I am writing to see if it is poible for you to provide me with information regarding …
结尾 Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.I am looking forward to hearing from you.
3、请求信
开头 I am writing to seek for your aistance in …
结尾 I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.4、道歉信
开头 I am writing to apologize for …
I am writing to say sorry for …
结尾 I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.5、感谢信
开头 I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for …
结尾 I must thank you again for your generous help.6、建议信
开头 I am writing to expre my views concerning …
You have asked me for my advice with regard to … and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.表达建议常用句式和套话 As you may agree that …
I feel that it would be beneficial if … I would like to suggest that …
I would recommend that … If I were you, I would …
You may consider doing … It would seem to me that you could …
结尾 I would be ready to discu this matter to further details.
7、求职信
开头 I am writing to expre my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitre …
结尾 Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to meeting you.If you need to know more about me, please contact me at …
8、推荐信
开头 I would like to present … for your consideration in your search for a qualified manager.With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend … as an ideal candidate.
结尾 Therefore, I don’t hesitate to recommend … as the right person for your consideration.
Any favorable consideration to this letter would be considered a personal favor.
9、寻找失物信
开头 I am writing this letter to see if it is poible for me to have my camera back.
结尾 I would really appreciate it if you could …
10、邀请信
开头 I am writing to invite you to … I wonder if you could come …
结尾 My family and I would feel honored if you could come.
We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.I really hope you can make it.
第14篇：英语面试必背
1、Who do you work for at present？
你现在在哪里工作？
2、Could you tell me about your work experience？
你能否向我说说你的工作经历？
3、Have you ever worked in XXX？
你在XX行业工作过么？
4、Do you have any experience of working as a department manager？
你有没有做过部门经理？
5、Would you please say something about your career experience？
你可以说说你的工作经历吗？
6、What is your chief responsibility working as a XXX in the XX department？你在XX部门做XX职位的时候，主要的工作职责是什么？
7、Have you had any experince working abroad？
你有在国外工作的经历吗？
8、What exactly did you do when you worked as a XX for XX Co.？
你在XX公司做XX职位的时候，工作究竟是怎样做的呢？
一些挑战性强一点的题目：
1、Could you tell me why you want to leave your present job？
你能否告诉我你为什么要离开现在的职位吗？
2、I wonder if you could tell me why you decided to work for XXX？
你是不是可以告诉我你为什么决定来XXX工作？
3、Would you mind telling me why you think you are not suitable for XXX？
你介不介意告诉我，你为什么认为自己不适合在XXX工作？
4、What major problem have you encountered and how did you deal with it？
你曾经遇到过哪些棘手的问题？你是如何处理的？
5、What have you learned from your mistakes？
你从所犯的错误中学到了什么？
在面试官面前用地道流利的英语来“推销”自己非常重要
许多的年轻朋友在外企英语面试的时候都会碰到一连串的面试，其中一个重要的环节就是不能够将自己“推销”给人力资源的面试官。在面试官面前如何的用地道流利的英语来“推销”自己，介绍自己的强项和工作风格非常重要。
其实在这方面有五个必备的自我“推销”的表达方式，而这些表达方式是一定要让面试官了解到的：
第一点：writing a personal miion statement
它的意思是“叙述个人的工作任务说明”。这一点对于应聘者非常重要，能够时常保持对自己岗位和责任的书面陈述是一个有计划、有组织人才的重要体现。所以，在面试时别忘了对面试官提及这一点。
第二点：updating skills through training so that you remain active and marketable这句话的意思是“时常通过职场培训来获取技能，这样就更容易提高工作效率”。也就是说在面试时别忘了提到自己希望能够定期参加培训。这样不仅能够让面试官知道自己很“上进”，同时也能够真正地获取增长技能的机会。
第三点：keeping a work diary
这一点的意思是“坚持书写工作日志”。在对面试官提及自己的强项时，别忘说自己有一个很好的习惯——就是事无巨细的全部记录下来，时时监测自己的工作进度和工作效率，这是一个很好的工作习惯，面试官会对你“青睐有佳”的。
第四点：developing self-awarene
在职场中“不断提高自我意识”这一点是十分重要的。很多大型企业都注重员工的自我意识的培养。所谓的自我意识就是指员工都能够有工作自觉性、自控力，对自我教育和提高有推动作用。人只有意识到自己是谁，应该做什么的时候，才会自觉自律地去行动。所以，千万别忘了在面试时提到自己的“self-awarene”。
第五点：ready to seek help of a mentor
工作中的“把上级当作自己的导师”是一个十分积极的工作态度和上下级的沟通方法。同时，这也是自己能够加速成长，升职加薪的“不二秘籍”。希望各位在职场打拼的朋友都能这一点“心领神会”，尤其是别忘了对面试官提及这一点。
读：下面是会见者在工作面试中可能会问到的一些典型问题和一些典型的回答。一般来说，大部分的面试中都免不了出现类似的问题，怎么准备回答，就要好好策划一下了。
Following are some typical questions that an interviewer may ask during a job interview, and some typical responses:
下面是会见者在工作面试中可能会问到的一些典型问题和一些典型的回答：
Can you tell me a little more about the Canto project that you did at ABC Incorporated?你能更具体地告诉我一些你为ABC公司做的Canto计划的一些情况吗？
Oh, that was a very exciting project.We had to increase sales by 40% during the 2nd quarter, and our results exceeded expectations, even though we were under a lot of preure.
那是个非常激动人心的工程。我们必须在第二季度使销售额增长40%，虽然我们承受着很大的压力，但结果比我们的预期计划要好。
Why should I hire you?
我为什么要雇用你呢？
I feel that my qualifications match your job description.I have a proven track record in resolving problems, multitasking, and dealing with customers, as you can see from my resume.我觉得我的条件正适合你们的工作类型。从我的简历中你可以看到我有一份证实我在解决问题，进行多重任务工作，和处理顾客问题方面能力的证明资料。
What can you offer this company?
你能为公司做出什么贡献呢？
In addition to the skills and experience we discued, I\'m an extremely hard worker, I\'m very thorough and methodical, I get along great with people, and I\'m a quick learner.
除了我们刚才讨论过的技能和经历之外，我是一个工作非常努力的人，我工作很认真，而且很有办法，我能与大家相处得非常好，并且我学得很快。
Can you tell me some of your strengths and weaknees?
你能告诉我你的强项和弱项吗？
I\'m loyal, honest, I manage my time effectively, I always follow through on my work, and I have great computer skills.Umm, I can\'t really say I have any major weakne that affects my performance at work.I believe in continual learning and on-the-job training so that I can perform even better.Sometimes, I think I\'m too hard-working, but I really love my work.
我忠诚，诚实，能有效地利用我的时间，我工作有头有尾，并且我有很强的计算机运用
能力。事实上我没有什么会影响到我的工作表现的重大弱点，我坚信通过不断地学习和在职培训我会表现得更好。有时我工作太疯狂了，但我实在太热爱我的工作了。
Great! So when can you start?
好极啦。你什么时候可以上班呢？
I have to give two weeks’ notice, which is just enough time to complete my current project.I can start any time after that.
我必须提前两周提交辞职报告，在这两周内，我要继续工作并完成目前的任务。两周后，我可以随时上班。
面试的时候，考官很可能会让你叙述一下你的能力。面对这个问题，很多人会不知道怎么组织语言。下面我们就来看一些叙述个人能力的常用句子。
1.I am a good accountant and have a thorough knowledge of the English language.我是一个优秀的会计员，同时有很强的英文功底。
3.I am able to take dictation in English and quickly transcribe into Chinese.
我会英文的口授笔记，同时能立即将其改写成中文。
4.For the past three years, I have served as a private secretary to Mr.Tang whom you know well, and whose public works have been praised all over Hong Kong.
在过去三年，本人一直担任唐先生的秘书。对于唐先生，阁下必定知悉，唐先生的事业早已为市民所赞赏。
5.Being well acquainted with the way an office works, I could make myself generally useful, should there be any opportunity of your requiring my services.
本人对公司一般业务非常熟悉。如有机会为贵公司服务，本人相信，对一般事务必能胜任。
6.I have received an English education, and have a slight knowledge of Spanish.I took a Spanish course in college.
本人接受英文教育，同时略通西班牙文。大学时，我选修了一门西班牙文。
7.I can write shorthand at the rate of 120 words per minute, and typewriting at 55 words per minute in English
本人能速记，每分钟速度为120字，英文打字则每分钟55字。
8.At school I won a scholarship and the first prize in a speech contest.
求学时，我曾获得奖学金及演讲比赛冠军。
9.I have a good knowledge of double-entry bookkeeping.
本人对联单记账十分熟练。
10.For all the time I was in their employ, I had the sole charge of their correspondence.在该公司服务时，本人负责全部对外通信。
第15篇：高考英语必背
对于参加2017高考的同学来说，现在开始复习和背诵英语作文完全来得及，小简老师推荐你高考英语写作优秀范文全集，满满都是套路，掌握后还怕得不了满分吗？
1.感谢信
假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。【优秀满分范文】
Dear Profeor Liang, I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help.You not only wrote a recommendation（推荐） for me to Profeor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.It is your unreserved(无保留的） help that enables me to obtain this splendid（极好的）opportunity of further education.For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回报） your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly, Zhang Ying
2.道歉信
假设你是李华，因弟弟生病住院，你不能参加你好友下星期四晚的生日晚会，请写一封道歉信解释原因，并祝福他生日快乐。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sarah, I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening.That is owing to（因为） the fact that （同位语从句）my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning.I have to go there immediately and take care of him.As told by the doctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my bo for a leave.I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would mi the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends.I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes.Besides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party.
Cordially, （sincerely） Li Hua
3.申请信
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣，要写一封求职信，包括下列要点： 1．年龄：18．
2.学习情况：班级前5，英语口语好 3．兴趣和特长：打字快，喜欢阅读，听音乐
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4．性格特点：积极向上 注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行为连贯；
3．开头语和结束语己为你写好。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sir/ Madam, I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my cla of 50 students.I’m good at English, especially spoken English.I often use the computer and I type very fast.In my spare time, I read a lot.Poems are my favorite.I enjoy music very much too.Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities.Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.I hope I may be granted（授予） an interview, when I can explain my qualifications（资格，条件） more fully.I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely/Yours, LiHua
4.通知
假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来，为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化，学生会将为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示，用英语向他们发出口头通知。 时间：下周五6：00—8：00 地点：教学楼101室
内容：1．唱中国歌 2．比赛用筷子 3．学习包饺子
注意：1．词数不少于50；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数【优秀满分范文】
Good afternoon, everyone.May I have your attention, please? I’m the chairman of the Students’ Union.As the New Year is around the corner（即将到来）, we are going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.During the party, not only can you sing a Chinese song, but you will also compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks.What’s more, you’ll learn at the party how to make dumplings.Sounds great.doesn’t it? The party is scheduled（计划于） in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m.to 8:00 p.m.next Friday.Please make sure you won’t mi it.Thank you for your attention.
5.邀请信
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下： 1.时间：8am—5 pm； 2.集合地点：校门口； 3.交通工具：公交车；
4.携带物品：雨具，午餐，相机。
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注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Chris，
I’m writing to tell you that we intend to climb the Fragrant Hill this Saturday and I sincerely invite you to go with us on behalf of our cla.We are supposed to gather at the school gate and set out at 8:00 am sharp.The bus will serve as our transportation.We will climb to the top of the hill and enjoy our picnic lunch there, so please take some food with you as lunch.At about 2:00 pm.We will go down the hill along another path and return to our school at about5.00pm.You may equip yourself with a camera to record the beautiful scenery and an umbrella or a raincoat is also neceary in case you are caught in a rain.Please spare some time to join us.Your participation can surely add color to our trip and we are all looking forward to your involvement. Yours, Joe
6.建议信
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见．请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：
1．说明你是该报的忠实读者
2．说明该报优点：1)兼顾国内外新闻 2)介绍名人成功故事 3．提出建议： 刊登指导英语学习的文章 注意：1．词数100左右，开头语己为你写好； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Editor-in-Chief, Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror! I’m a regular reader of your newspaper.I like it so much that I hardly mi any copy.
There are many advantages of Global Mirror.Firstly, Global Mirror covers both national and international news.By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad.Besides, the succe stories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them.In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.As a young student, I wish that I can be a master of English language.Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide articles about English learning for us.Finally, I hope that Global Mirror will become more and more popular.Thank you for your time!
Sincerely yours, Li Hua
7.求助信
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛
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(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件： 1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况； 2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙； 3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意: 1.词数:120—150；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Tom，
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing.Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the coming summer vacation.So I’m busy preparing for it.But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to expre my thoughts.Besides, I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation（语调）.Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest.I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua
8.投诉信
你是李华，两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series）昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下： 1.介绍购物情况 2.反映存在问题 3.提出解决方案 注意：
1.词数100词左右
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯 3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词 可能用到的生词：投诉complaint n.【优秀满分范文】 To whom it may concern, I am one of your customers(顾客).I ordered（订购）a set of(一套) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday.And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book miing I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.Besides, I’d like to be informed of the proce of your dealing with my complaint.
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Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely, Li Hua
9.祝贺信
假如你是李华，你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给她写一封祝贺信。
内容包括：1.表达你的愉悦心情；2.向她表示祝贺； 3.请她介绍成功的经验。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Wei Fang, I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news.As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impreion.It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest.Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice.I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua
10.求职信
假如你是李华，从报纸上看到中老年英语培训机构Mid．Senior ESCH面向高中毕业生招聘暑期兼职辅导员，负责学员课间服务事项。请根据下面的广告内容用英语写一份求职信。 ASSISITANTS WANTED Valuable chances are open for high school graduates who are good at English．Their work is to tend the senior students during the break．
Requirements attached：1．Good at English．2．Experienced priority． Contact us by e-mail：Ｅnglishtec@163．com．
注意：1．短文词数100字左右；2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称； 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Director: I’d like to apply for the post of aistant which was advertised in the newspaper.I found this position quite appealing to me.I’ve just graduated from high school.Luckily I am good at English and I can speak English fluently.In addition, I have previous experience.During my stay in middle school, I used to be a volunteer and looked after the old people in a nursing home on weekends.In short, I believe my experience and fluent oral English will be a great help for me in doing the work.I’m
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available for interview at any time.It would be appreciated if I can get your offer. Sincerely, Li Hua
英语写作八个“万能利”
1、挣钱
We can make some pocket money to buy some meaningful and educational books.
2、培养兴趣、开阔视野
Only by doing so can we cultivate our interests and broaden our horizons.
3、提高能力（交际、交流）
Not only our communication ability but also our interpersonal skills can be polished and improved.
4、交朋友
We can make some close friends to share with each other our own life experience.
5、利用时间
We will be able to make the most of our everyday time to do some valuable things.
6、享受生活
It gives you an opportunity to enjoy your life from a different point of view.
7、有意义、有趣
It is not only meaningful but also entertaining.
8、面对挑战、克服困难、达成目标、实现梦想
It can teach us how to face challenges, overcome difficulties, achieve our goals and realize our dream.
书面表达常用词组
首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all 偶然，无意中 by accident 对（于）…很积极 be active in 合计为 add up to 承让错误 admit one's mistake 接受某人的建议 take / follow one's advice 就…提出建议 give advice on 建议某人做某事 advice sb.to do sth.后天 the day after tomorrow 毕竟；终究 after all 违心 against one's will 在…岁时 at the age of 实现目标 achieve one's aim 在空中；悬而未决 in the air 在户外，在露天里 in the open air 在机场 at the airport 火警 the fire alarm 满腔怒火 be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生气 be angry at sth.生某人的气 be angry with sb.通知 make an announcement 相继地，按顺序地 one after another 相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之间） one another 相互（指两者之间） each other
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没有回答 give no answer 为…而担心 be anxious about 急于做某事 be anxious to do sth.分开住 live apart 除了 apart from 因某事向某人认错或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth.与某人争论某事 argue with sb.about sth.放在一边 lay sth.aside 请某人指点 / 帮助 ask sb.for advice / help 惊讶于… be astonished at sth.以前，曾经 at one time 注意 pay attention to 对…抱正确的态度 take a correct attitude towards sth.引起（注意，兴趣等） attract one's attention 仰卧／仰泳 lie / swim on one's back 重感冒 a bad cold 两件行李 two pieces of baggage 保持／失去平衡 keep / lose one's balance 在舞会上 at the ball 洗冷水澡 have / take a cold bath 阵亡 be killed in battle 在海滩 on the beach 整理床铺 make the bed 以…开始 begin with 在…起始，开始 at the beginning of 自始自终 from beginning to end 形成…局面；产生 come into being 安全带 a safety belt 三思而后行。 Second thoughts are best.尽力，尽最大的努力 do / try one's best 尽量利用，善用 make the best of 一切顺利，万事如意 all the best 黑体地，粗体地 in bold 出身于农民家庭 be born in a peasant's family 鞠躬 make a bow 动动脑子 use one's brains 打破纪录 break the record 深吸一口气 take a deep breath 屏息；憋住气 hold one's breath 上气不接下气 out of breath 刷牙 brush one's teeth
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突然哭起来 burst into tears 突然一阵大笑 a burst of laughter 要不是 but for 呼救声 a call for help 保持镇静（别慌） keep calm 保持安静（别吵） keep quiet 保持不动（别动） keep still 保持沉默（别说话） keep silent 夏令营 a summer camp 去野营 go camping 情不自禁… cannot help doing 打牌 play cards 照顾，保管 take care of 医疗护理 medical care 假若那样的话 in that case 以防万一 in case 下倾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs 赶上（或超过） catch up with 偶然 by chance 免费 free of charge 主管，在掌管之下 in charge 由…负责 in the charge of 掌管，负责 take charge 高兴起来 cheer up 童年时 in one's childhood 挑选，选择 make a choice 圣诞节时 at Christmas 去做礼拜 go to church 烟头 cigarette end 为…鼓掌 give sb.a clap 接近get close to 一块桌布 a table cloth 一套衣服 a suit of clothes 童装 children's clothing 集邮 collect stamps 产生，发生 come about （偶然）遇见或发现 come acro 走过来；长出，发芽，上升；抬头 come up 共同，共有 in common 参加比赛 compete in a contest 举办音乐会 give a concert
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条件是 on condition that 祝贺某人 congratulate sb.on sth.相反地 on the contrary 失控 out of control 与…谈话；交谈 have a conversation with sb.在…期间／过程中 in / during the course of 被…覆盖 be covered with 因某事和某人发脾气 be cro with sb.at sth.划掉 cro out 对…残忍 be cruel to sb.立方米 cubic meter 对…感到好奇 be curious about sth.对…造成巨大损害 do great damage to 处境危险 in danger 过时 out of date 在不久前，前几天 the other day 对…充耳不闻 be deaf to sth.对付，应付 deal with 负债 in debt 还清债务 out of debt 做出决定 make a decision 做好事 do good deeds 付诸行动，生效 do the deed 直到深夜 deep into the night 沉思 deep in thought 2017作文核心词汇复习总结
一、如何写长难句How to develop complex sentences.1.写出key words，确认中心骨架 2.逻辑排列，logical arrangements 3.加工润色，colorize 例句：大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
Most of (A majority of) students believe (hold the view) that part-time jobs can provide them with opportunities机会to/and develop (improve/better) communication ability能力(social abilities/interpersonal skills人际关系技巧),which is good for (is beneficial to有益于) their looking for jobs (job-hunting求职) in the future (after their graduation).
二、拓展长句的三大方法
The most important factor因素 we have to take into consideration is sth./that… The most important thing I want to talk about is that…sth./ that… It is also of great importance to pay close attention to…that Besides what is mentioned above上述的,it is neceary to think about…
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In addition to除…之外 what is talked about above, I want to tell you sth.about… 1.写引导词：包括起承转合例(让句子变得高端) 起: in the first place首先, first and foremost首要的, to begin/start with 承: second (ly),in the second place, furthermore而且,此外, moreover而且,此外, what’s more, in addition另外, besides 转:but, however, on the contrary与此相反, in contrast/comparison相比之下, nonethele虽然如此,但是; neverthele尽管如此,然而; 合: last but not least最后同样重要的，so, therefore,
in conclusion最后，综上所述, to conclude最后, in a/one word, in general, 例: for instance, for example, such as,
When it comes to....说起… 经典引导句型
There is no doubt that/in saying that… It is known to us all that, It is well-known that…
It is apparent/obvious显然的 that…it is not hard to understand that… It is not too much to say that…
It is commonly/widely/generally agreed that… (acknowledged公认的 that…/ believed that) 2.写插入语(让句子变得客观) that is to say to a certain extent在某种程度上，to some degree在一定程度上，to a larger degree在很大程度上 for one reason or another因为某种原因, to put it in another way换言之 directly or indirectly 直接或间接 in other words 换句话说 as a matter of fact 事实上
例：English is, to a large degree, important.be后
Computer, directly or indirectly, influences our life.行前
Computer can, as a matter of fact, influence our life.助行间
例句：It is known to us all that, English is, to a large degree, very important due to that English is becoming a global/world language./is becoming more and more (increasingly) popular
There is no doubt in saying that computer, directly or indirectly, to a large degree, influences our life primarily owing to that (computer can make our work and study faster) computer can improve the efficiency of our work and study.
It is hard to understand that doing part-time job can, to a large extent, broaden our horizon in that we can understand more about the society by knowing a lot of people.3.写从句(让句子变得漫长) 名词性定语从句:that, who 时间状语从句:before, when, after, during 地点状语从句:where) 原因状语从句:because, because of that..primarily/mainly owing to that,
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partly/partially due to that, in that 例： I like you in that you are very kind.
假设状语从句:if, on condition that… in case that…
三、精选核心单词 1.好坏与权衡：
reap a lot of benefits from 从…中收获很多
advantage, disadvantage
every coin has its two sides, every thing has two sides
2.允许与禁止：
allow (all+low) : allow sb.to do sth.
permit ( per+mit, ) : permit sb.to do, sb.is permitted to do sth., ask for the permiion from…
forbid禁止: forbid sb.to do…, sth.is forbidden by…
3.学校与课程 ：
in university, on campus, major in主修, minor in辅修,
English course, optional course选修课, required/compulsory course必修课
4.考虑与因素：
take sth.into consideration/account
sth.is the decisive决定性的/ an eential/ the most important factor
5.提及与谈到：
Talking about (the importance of English, three factors should be considered.)
When it comes to (the importance of English, three factors should be considered.)
6.分歧与主张，
There is no agreement on the iue问题 that…
some people hold the view that…, some others hold an opposite view that…
so far as I am concerned, ...in my opinion, from my perspective,
7.反对与拥护：
advocate主张: We advocate the change of the policy.
support the idea that
argue/hold/maintain/deem/that…
8.当今与形势
decade: in recent decades,
nowadays, currently, at the present day/time
with the development of science and technology/economy/culture/society
information technology, more and more people are paying attention to…
close/due attention should be paid to
9.喜好与厌恶
prefer: prefer to do, prefer to do…rather than do, it is my preference, sth.is preferred.
people are reluctant to do…不情愿做某事
10.现象与原因：
phenomenon现象 phenomena复数
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lead to, cause，
So what are the reasons behind this phenomenon?
the reasons behind the phenomenon are as follows
11.影响与趋势：
tend to趋向于
tendency : There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
effects: exert effects on
bring negative/positive influence on带来负面/积极影响
do good/harm to
12.感激与宽恕
be thankful/grateful to sb.for..
to expre one’s gratitude to…
I am writing to you to tell you…/to expre my thanks…
forgive excuse pardon me for what I did
13.举例与说明
for instance, such as…
as far as I am concerned以我为例
14.效率与改善
affect effect
effective efficient efficiency: To make it more efficient/effective.
to enhance/improve sth.
15.联系与期待
Email: e-mail me at the addre:
contact me by the number of…
should there be anything I can help you, never hesitate犹豫 to call me.
I am looking forward to hearing from you; an immediate reply will be fully appreciated.
16.沉溺与控制：
sth.is prevalent普遍的
become addicted to沉溺于abandon/addict oneself to
sth.is under control
prevent sb.from doing sth.
cancel, fight against
17.付出与回报：
No pains, no gains.
take pains to do sth.尽力做某事
reward n./vt.报酬，奖赏 rewarding值得的
Learning English is painstaking and challenging but rewarding.
reap a lot of benefits from…
be benefited to do sth.
18.活动娱乐
recreation activities娱乐活动
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Physical training体育
take part in/participate in
entertainment entertain
19.种类与改变
vary vt./vi改变
very
various: various kinds of,
a variety of, a great number of
20.心里与身体
physically身体上
spiritually精神上
psychologically心理上, psychology心理
mentally心理上, mental health
例：沉溺于网络对身心有害。
Becoming addicted to internet is physically harmful and mentally unhealthy.
21.建议与要求
I suggest that you should…
My suggestion is that people should…
It is important that you should…
eential significant neceary
Due/close attention should be paid to that…
22.个性与美德
be optimistic/peimistic/open-minded
/easy-going/extrovert/introvert
hardworking, diligent(diligence), lazy(lazine), cautious, kind-hearted, warm-hearted, ready to help others, cold-blooded
23.环境与污染
environment pollution, environment protection
ecological balance生态平衡 ecology生态
strike the balance between human society and nature
threaten vt./vi.威胁
pose a threat to human beings对人类构成威胁
punishment, punished, rewarded
例：English may be the most important factor in deciding which countries are leaders in the future.
The language of the most advanced management and technology is undoubtedly English.
Sth/to do sth/doing sth may be the most important factor to sth/in deciding sth.
The sth of sth is undoubtedly sth.
The way to do sth is undoubtedly to do sth.
Being able to do sth is the key to sth/ doing sth.
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高考英语话题作文常用词汇
1.话题:朋友/友谊? 常用词汇:? get to know sb.认识某人 know sb.really well 熟知某人 make friends with sb.和某人交朋友 a strong personality 一个很强的个性 personal matters 隐私 friendship 友谊 friendly 友好的 a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 trust each other 相互信任 precious 珍贵的 worthy 有价值的 understanding 通情达理的 share…with sb.与……分享…… be loyal to 对……忠诚 keep in touch with sb.与……保持联系 keep company with sb.和……结交 stay best friends with sb.和……保持很好的友谊
2.话题:语言学习? 常用词汇:words and expreions 生词和习惯用语 vocabulary词汇量 spelling拼写 pronunciation发音 custom习俗 idiom习语 stre强调 intonation语调 list列表 recite背诵 learning学习approach方法 revision复习discu讨论 discuion讨论 game比赛,游戏 group组 team work合作 make notes做笔记attend a lecture参加讲座 life-long learning终生学习communicate with交流 teach oneself自学 pick up习得 take a course上课 make preparations做准备 make full use of 充分利用 refer to a dictionary查字典? keep a diary记日记 consult an expert 咨询专家? 3.话题:旅游? 常用词汇: Tour旅行,观光 view 风景,视野 travel/trip/visit 旅游 tourist 游客 tourism 旅游业 scenery风景 board 上/船、飞机等 sightseeing 观光 adventure冒险 attractive 有吸引力的 hiking远足 local当地的 luggage行李 souvenir 纪念品 traveler 旅行者 voyage 航行 visa签证 go on a tour去旅行 tourism wave 旅游热 tourist attractions 旅游景点 a busy/low season for tourism 旅游旺/淡季 make a holiday trip 度假旅行 places of interest 名胜
4.话题:文化遗产? 常用词汇:? culture文化 cultural relics文化遗产 ruins废墟 value价值 valuable贵重的 worth值得 design设计 favorite特别受喜爱的 historic有历史意义的 holy神圣的?memorable难忘的 mountainous多山的 primitive原始的 remote遥远的 sacred神圣的 spectacular壮丽的 wonderful美妙的 belong to属于 survive幸存 date back to/from追溯到 has a history of 有……的历史 protect…from…保护…… the past civilization 过去的文明 one of the wonders 奇迹之一 historic relics 历史遗产 tourist attraction 旅游热点? 5.话题:现代技术? 常用词汇:? Science and technology 科学技术 computer电脑 Internet网络 computer games 电脑游戏 email 电子邮件 information信息 meage消息 screen屏幕 mouse鼠标 ? apply应用 application应用 invent 发明 invention发明 electronic电子的 laptop手提电脑 equipment设备 ?equip…with 装备software软件 data数据 database数据库 robot机器人 satellite卫星 battery 电池 chip芯片 digital 数据的 fax 传真 portable手提的 engineer工程师? update更新 download下载 net网 network 网络系统 virus病毒 acce进入 scan浏览 store sound and picture digitally自动贮存声音和图片 deal with处理 the latest version of the software最新版的软件 surf the Internet
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第16篇：高考英语必背
1.A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。
2.Actions speak louder than words.行动比言语更有说服力。
3.All things are diffcult before they are easy.万事开头难。
4.All good things msut come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席。
5.Don\'t bite off more than you can chew.贪多嚼不烂。
6.Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
7.Live and learn.活到老，学到老。
8.Love makes the world go round.爱使世界更美好。
9.A man is as old as he feels.老不老，自已晓。
10.In unity there is strength.团结就是力量。
11.It\'s never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，为时不晚。
12.We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.井干方知水宝贵。
13.One man ,no man.孤掌难鸣。
14.Wonders will never cease.世界真奇妙。
15.A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。
16.Nothing ventured,nothing gained.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
17.The onlooker sees most of the game.旁观者清。
18.Opportunity knocks but once.机不可失，时不再来。
19.Many men,many minds.十个人，十条心。
20.Look before you leap.三思而后行。
21.A good general makes good men.强将手下无弱兵。
22.An outstanding studuent comes from a strict teacher.严师出高徒。
23.To save time is to lengthen life.节约时间等于延长生命。
24.To know everything is to know nothing.事事皆知，一无所知。
25.Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎加勤奋，给人送好运。
26.What\'s done by night appears by day.若要人不知，除非己莫为。
27No sweet without sweat.不吃苦中苦，难得甜中甜。
28.A bird is know by its note ,and a man by his tslk.闻声知鸟，闻言知人。
29.He who has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick.欲加之罪，何患无辞。
30.Bad workmen often blame their tools.拙匠常怪工具差。
31.When the cst\'s away,the mice wilk play.猫儿一跑耗子闹。
32.He that looks not before finds himself hehind.人无远见必落后。
33.Benefits make a man skave.贪图利益，变成奴隶。
34.Knowledge makes humble；ignorance makes proud.知识使人谦虚，无知使人骄傲。
35.United we stand,divided we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。
36.He that nothing questions,nothing learns.什么也不问，什么也学不到。
37.Fish and visitors smell in three days.鱼放三天臭，客住三天嫌。
38.A book remained shut is but a block.书籍若不翻，犹如一块砖。
39.No way is impoible to courage.勇士前面无险路。
40.A good name is better than great riches.美名胜于财富。
富阳实验中学——JEW
第17篇：高考英语必背
1.感谢信
假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。【优秀满分范文】
Dear Profeor Liang, I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help.You not only wrote a recommendation（推荐） for me to Profeor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.It is your unreserved(无保留的） help that enables me to obtain this splendid（极好的）opportunity of further education.For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回报） your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly, Zhang Ying
have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes.Besides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party.
Cordially, （sincerely） Li Hua
3.申请信
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣，要写一封求职信，包括下列要点： 1．年龄：18．
2.学习情况：班级前5，英语口语好 3．兴趣和特长：打字快，喜欢阅读，听音乐 4．性格特点：积极向上 注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行为连贯；
3．开头语和结束语己为你写好。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sir/ Madam,
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.
I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my cla of 50 students.I’m good at English, especially spoken English.I often use the computer and I type very fast.In my spare time, I read a lot.Poems are my favorite.I enjoy music very much too.Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities.Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I hope I may be granted（授予） an interview, when I can explain my qualifications（资格，条件） more fully.I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely/Yours, LiHua 2.道歉信
假设你是李华，因弟弟生病住院，你不能参加你好友下星期四晚的生日晚会，请写一封道歉信解释原因，并祝福他生日快乐。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sarah, I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening.That is owing to（因为） the fact that （同位语从句）my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning.I have to go there immediately and take care of him.As told by the doctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my bo for a leave.I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would mi the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends.I
4.通知
假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来，为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化，学生会将
1 / 4 为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示，用英语向他们发出口头通知。 时间：下周五6：00—8：00 地点：教学楼101室
内容：1．唱中国歌 2．比赛用筷子 3．学习包饺子
注意：1．词数不少于50；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数【优秀满分范文】
Good afternoon, everyone.May I have your attention, please? I’m the chairman of the Students’ Union.As the New Year is around the corner（即将到来）, we are going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.During the party, not only can you sing a Chinese song, but you will also compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks.What’s more, you’ll learn at the party how to make dumplings.Sounds great.doesn’t it? The party is scheduled（计划于） in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m.to 8:00 p.m.next Friday.Please make sure you won’t mi it.Thank you for your attention.
and set out at 8:00 am sharp.The bus will serve as our transportation.We will climb to the top of the hill and enjoy our picnic lunch there, so please take some food with you as lunch.At about 2:00 pm.We will go down the hill along another path and return to our school at about5.00pm.You may equip yourself with a camera to record the beautiful scenery and an umbrella or a raincoat is also neceary in case you are caught in a rain.Please spare some time to join us.
Your participation can surely add color to our trip and we are all looking forward to your involvement. Yours, Joe
6.建议信
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见．请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：
1．说明你是该报的忠实读者
2．说明该报优点：1)兼顾国内外新闻 2)介绍名人成功故事
3．提出建议： 刊登指导英语学习的文章 注意：1．词数100左右，开头语己为你写好； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
I’m a regular reader of your newspaper.I like it so much that I hardly mi any copy.
There are many advantages of Global Mirror.Firstly, Global Mirror covers both national and international news.By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad.Besides, the succe stories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them.In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.
As a young student, I wish that I can be a master 5.邀请信
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下： 1.时间：8am—5 pm； 2.集合地点：校门口； 3.交通工具：公交车；
4.携带物品：雨具，午餐，相机。注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Chris，
I’m writing to tell you that we intend to climb the Fragrant Hill this Saturday and I sincerely invite you to go with us on behalf of our cla.We are supposed to gather at the school gate
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of English language.Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide articles about English learning for us.Finally, I hope that Global Mirror will become more and more popular.Thank you for your time!
Sincerely yours, Li Hua
Li Hua
8.投诉信
你是李华，两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series）昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下： 1.介绍购物情况 2.反映存在问题 3.提出解决方案 注意：
1.词数100词左右
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯 3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词 可能用到的生词：投诉complaint n.【优秀满分范文】 To whom it may concern,
I am one of your customers(顾客).I ordered（订购）a set of(一套) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday.And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book miing
I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.Besides, I’d like to be informed of the proce of your dealing with my complaint.
Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely, Li Hua 7.求助信
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛 (speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：
1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况；2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙； 3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意: 1.词数:120—150；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Tom，
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing.Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the coming summer vacation.So I’m busy preparing for it.But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to expre my thoughts.Besides, I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation（语调）.Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest.I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours,
9.祝贺信
假如你是李华，你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给她写一封祝贺信。
内容包括：1.表达你的愉悦心情；2.向她表示祝贺； 3.请她介绍成功的经验。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；3.可适当增加细节，以使行
3 / 4 文连贯。
参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Wei Fang, I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news.As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impreion.It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest.Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice.I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua
addition, I have previous experience.During my stay in middle school, I used to be a volunteer and looked after the old people in a nursing home on weekends.
In short, I believe my experience and fluent oral English will be a great help for me in doing the work.I’m available for interview at any time.It would be appreciated if I can get your offer. Sincerely, Li Hua
10.求职信
假如你是李华，从报纸上看到中老年英语培训机构Mid．Senior ESCH面向高中毕业生招聘暑期兼职辅导员，负责学员课间服务事项。请根据下面的广告内容用英语写一份求职信。 ASSISITANTS WANTED Valuable chances are open for high school graduates who are good at English．Their work is to tend the senior students during the break． Requirements attached：
1
．
Good
at English．2．Experienced priority．
Contact us by e-mail：Ｅnglishtec@163．com． 注意：1．短文词数100字左右；2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称； 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Director: I’d like to apply for the post of aistant which was advertised in the newspaper.I found this position quite appealing to me.I’ve just graduated from high school.Luckily I am good at English and I can speak English fluently.In
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第18篇：高考英语必背
1.感谢信
假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。【优秀满分范文】
Dear Profeor Liang, I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help.You not only wrote a recommendation（推荐） for me to Profeor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.It is your unreserved(无保留的） help that enables me to obtain this splendid（极好的）opportunity of further education.For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回报） your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly, Zhang Ying
2.道歉信
假设你是李华，因弟弟生病住院，你不能参加你好友下星期四晚的生日晚会，请写一封道歉信解释原因，并祝福他生日快乐。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sarah, I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening.That is owing to（因为） the fact that （同位语从句）my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning.I have to go there immediately and take care of him.As told by the doctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my bo for a leave.I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would mi the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends.I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes.Besides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party.
Cordially, （sincerely）
Li Hua
3.申请信
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣，要写一封求职信，包括下列要点： 1．年龄：18．
2.学习情况：班级前5，英语口语好 3．兴趣和特长：打字快，喜欢阅读，听音乐 4．性格特点：积极向上 注意：1．词数100左右；
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2．可适当增加细节，以使行为连贯；
3．开头语和结束语己为你写好。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Sir/ Madam, I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my cla of 50 students.I’m good at English, especially spoken English.I often use the computer and I type very fast.In my spare time, I read a lot.Poems are my favorite.I enjoy music very much too.Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities.Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.I hope I may be granted（授予） an interview, when I can explain my qualifications（资格，条件） more fully.I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely/Yours,
LiHua
4.通知
假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来，为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化，学生会将为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示，用英语向他们发出口头通知。 时间：下周五6：00—8：00 地点：教学楼101室
内容：1．唱中国歌 2．比赛用筷子 3．学习包饺子
注意：1．词数不少于50；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数【优秀满分范文】
Good afternoon, everyone.May I have your attention, please? I’m the chairman of the Students’ Union.As the New Year is around the corner（即将到来）, we are going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.During the party, not only can you sing a Chinese song, but you will also compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks.What’s more, you’ll learn at the party how to make dumplings.Sounds great.doesn’t it? The party is scheduled（计划于） in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m.to 8:00 p.m.next Friday.Please make sure you won’t mi it.Thank you for your attention.
5.邀请信
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下： 1.时间：8am—5 pm； 2.集合地点：校门口； 3.交通工具：公交车；
4.携带物品：雨具，午餐，相机。注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
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3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Chris，
I’m writing to tell you that we intend to climb the Fragrant Hill this Saturday and I sincerely invite you to go with us on behalf of our cla.We are supposed to gather at the school gate and set out at 8:00 am sharp.The bus will serve as our transportation.We will climb to the top of the hill and enjoy our picnic lunch there, so please take some food with you as lunch.At about 2:00 pm.We will go down the hill along another path and return to our school at about5.00pm.You may equip yourself with a camera to record the beautiful scenery and an umbrella or a raincoat is also neceary in case you are caught in a rain.Please spare some time to join us.Your participation can surely add color to our trip and we are all looking forward to your involvement.
Yours, Joe
6.建议信
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见．请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：
1．说明你是该报的忠实读者
2．说明该报优点：1)兼顾国内外新闻 2)介绍名人成功故事 3．提出建议： 刊登指导英语学习的文章 注意：1．词数100左右，开头语己为你写好； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Editor-in-Chief, Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror! I’m a regular reader of your newspaper.I like it so much that I hardly mi any copy.
There are many advantages of Global Mirror.Firstly, Global Mirror covers both national and international news.By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad.Besides, the succe stories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them.In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.As a young student, I wish that I can be a master of English language.Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide articles about English learning for us.Finally, I hope that Global Mirror will become more and more popular.Thank you for your time!
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
7.求助信
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛 (speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件： 1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况；
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2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意: 1.词数:120—150；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Tom，
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing.Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the coming summer vacation.So I’m busy preparing for it.But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to expre my thoughts.Besides, I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation（语调）.Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest.I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours, Li Hua
8.投诉信
你是李华，两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series）昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下： 1.介绍购物情况 2.反映存在问题 3.提出解决方案 注意：
1.词数100词左右
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯 3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词 可能用到的生词：投诉complaint n.【优秀满分范文】 To whom it may concern, I am one of your customers(顾客).I ordered（订购）a set of(一套) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday.And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book miing I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.Besides, I’d like to be informed of the proce of your dealing with my complaint.Looking forward to your reply.
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Sincerely, Li Hua
9.祝贺信
假如你是李华，你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给她写一封祝贺信。
内容包括：1.表达你的愉悦心情；2.向她表示祝贺； 3.请她介绍成功的经验。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Wei Fang, I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news.As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impreion.It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest.Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice.I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours, Li Hua
10.求职信
假如你是李华，从报纸上看到中老年英语培训机构Mid．Senior ESCH面向高中毕业生招聘暑期兼职辅导员，负责学员课间服务事项。请根据下面的广告内容用英语写一份求职信。 ASSISITANTS WANTED Valuable chances are open for high school graduates who are good at English．Their work is to tend the senior students during the break．
Requirements attached：1．Good at English．2．Experienced priority． Contact us by e-mail：Ｅnglishtec@163．com．
注意：1．短文词数100字左右；2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称； 【优秀满分范文】 Dear Director: I’d like to apply for the post of aistant which was advertised in the newspaper.I found this position quite appealing to me.I’ve just graduated from high school.Luckily I am good at English and I can speak English fluently.In addition, I have previous experience.During my stay in middle school, I used to be a volunteer and looked after the old people in a nursing home on weekends.In short, I believe my experience and fluent oral English will be a great help for me in doing the work.I’m available for interview at any time.It would be appreciated if I can get your offer.
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Sincerely, Li Hua
英语写作八个“万能利”
1、挣钱
We can make some pocket money to buy some meaningful and educational books.
2、培养兴趣、开阔视野
Only by doing so can we cultivate our interests and broaden our horizons.
3、提高能力（交际、交流）
Not only our communication ability but also our interpersonal skills can be polished and improved.
4、交朋友
We can make some close friends to share with each other our own life experience.
5、利用时间
We will be able to make the most of our everyday time to do some valuable things.
6、享受生活
It gives you an opportunity to enjoy your life from a different point of view.
7、有意义、有趣
It is not only meaningful but also entertaining.
8、面对挑战、克服困难、达成目标、实现梦想
It can teach us how to face challenges, overcome difficulties, achieve our goals and realize our dream.
书面表达常用词组
首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all 偶然，无意中 by accident 对（于）…很积极 be active in 合计为 add up to 承让错误 admit one's mistake 接受某人的建议 take / follow one's advice 就…提出建议 give advice on 建议某人做某事 advice sb.to do sth.后天 the day after tomorrow 毕竟；终究 after all 违心 against one's will 在…岁时 at the age of 实现目标 achieve one's aim 在空中；悬而未决 in the air 在户外，在露天里 in the open air 在机场 at the airport 火警 the fire alarm 满腔怒火 be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生气 be angry at sth.生某人的气 be angry with sb.通知 make an announcement 相继地，按顺序地 one after another 相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之间） one another 相互（指两者之间） each other 没有回答 give no answer 为…而担心 be anxious about
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急于做某事 be anxious to do sth.分开住 live apart 除了 apart from 因某事向某人认错或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth.与某人争论某事 argue with sb.about sth.放在一边 lay sth.aside 请某人指点 / 帮助 ask sb.for advice / help 惊讶于… be astonished at sth.以前，曾经 at one time 注意 pay attention to 对…抱正确的态度 take a correct attitude towards sth.引起（注意，兴趣等） attract one's attention 仰卧／仰泳 lie / swim on one's back 重感冒 a bad cold 两件行李 two pieces of baggage 保持／失去平衡 keep / lose one's balance 在舞会上 at the ball 洗冷水澡 have / take a cold bath 阵亡 be killed in battle 在海滩 on the beach 整理床铺 make the bed 以…开始 begin with 在…起始，开始 at the beginning of 自始自终 from beginning to end 形成…局面；产生 come into being 安全带 a safety belt 三思而后行。 Second thoughts are best.尽力，尽最大的努力 do / try one's best 尽量利用，善用 make the best of 一切顺利，万事如意 all the best 黑体地，粗体地 in bold 出身于农民家庭 be born in a peasant's family 鞠躬 make a bow 动动脑子 use one's brains 打破纪录 break the record 深吸一口气 take a deep breath 屏息；憋住气 hold one's breath 上气不接下气 out of breath 刷牙 brush one's teeth 突然哭起来 burst into tears 突然一阵大笑 a burst of laughter
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要不是 but for 呼救声 a call for help 保持镇静（别慌） keep calm 保持安静（别吵） keep quiet 保持不动（别动） keep still 保持沉默（别说话） keep silent 夏令营 a summer camp 去野营 go camping 情不自禁… cannot help doing 打牌 play cards 照顾，保管 take care of 医疗护理 medical care 假若那样的话 in that case 以防万一 in case 下倾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs 赶上（或超过） catch up with 偶然 by chance 免费 free of charge 主管，在掌管之下 in charge 由…负责 in the charge of 掌管，负责 take charge 高兴起来 cheer up 童年时 in one's childhood 挑选，选择 make a choice 圣诞节时 at Christmas 去做礼拜 go to church 烟头 cigarette end 为…鼓掌 give sb.a clap 接近get close to 一块桌布 a table cloth 一套衣服 a suit of clothes 童装 children's clothing 集邮 collect stamps 产生，发生 come about （偶然）遇见或发现 come acro 走过来；长出，发芽，上升；抬头 come up 共同，共有 in common 参加比赛 compete in a contest 举办音乐会 give a concert 条件是 on condition that 祝贺某人 congratulate sb.on sth.
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相反地 on the contrary 失控 out of control 与…谈话；交谈 have a conversation with sb.在…期间／过程中 in / during the course of 被…覆盖 be covered with 因某事和某人发脾气 be cro with sb.at sth.划掉 cro out 对…残忍 be cruel to sb.立方米 cubic meter 对…感到好奇 be curious about sth.对…造成巨大损害 do great damage to 处境危险 in danger 过时 out of date 在不久前，前几天 the other day 对…充耳不闻 be deaf to sth.对付，应付 deal with 负债 in debt 还清债务 out of debt 做出决定 make a decision 做好事 do good deeds 付诸行动，生效 do the deed 直到深夜 deep into the night 沉思 deep in thought
作文核心词汇复习总结
一、如何写长难句How to develop complex sentences.1.写出key words，确认中心骨架 2.逻辑排列，logical arrangements 3.加工润色，colorize 例句：大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
Most of (A majority of) students believe (hold the view) that part-time jobs can provide them with opportunities机会to/and develop (improve/better) communication ability能力(social abilities/interpersonal skills人际关系技巧),which is good for (is beneficial to有益于) their looking for jobs (job-hunting求职) in the future (after their graduation).
二、拓展长句的三大方法
The most important factor因素 we have to take into consideration is sth./that… The most important thing I want to talk about is that…sth./ that… It is also of great importance to pay close attention to…that Besides what is mentioned above上述的,it is neceary to think about…
In addition to除…之外 what is talked about above, I want to tell you sth.about… 1.写引导词：包括起承转合例(让句子变得高端)
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起: in the first place首先, first and foremost首要的, to begin/start with 承: second (ly),in the second place, furthermore而且,此外, moreover而且,此外, what’s more, in addition另外, besides 转:but, however, on the contrary与此相反, in contrast/comparison相比之下, nonethele虽然如此,但是; neverthele尽管如此,然而; 合: last but not least最后同样重要的，so, therefore,
in conclusion最后，综上所述, to conclude最后, in a/one word, in general, 例: for instance, for example, such as,
When it comes to....说起… 经典引导句型
There is no doubt that/in saying that… It is known to us all that, It is well-known that…
It is apparent/obvious显然的 that…it is not hard to understand that… It is not too much to say that…
It is commonly/widely/generally agreed that… (acknowledged公认的 that…/ believed that) 2.写插入语(让句子变得客观) that is to say to a certain extent在某种程度上，to some degree在一定程度上，to a larger degree在很大程度上 for one reason or another因为某种原因, to put it in another way换言之 directly or indirectly 直接或间接 in other words 换句话说 as a matter of fact 事实上
例：English is, to a large degree, important.be后
Computer, directly or indirectly, influences our life.行前
Computer can, as a matter of fact, influence our life.助行间
例句：It is known to us all that, English is, to a large degree, very important due to that English is becoming a global/world language./is becoming more and more (increasingly) popular
There is no doubt in saying that computer, directly or indirectly, to a large degree, influences our life primarily owing to that (computer can make our work and study faster) computer can improve the efficiency of our work and study.
It is hard to understand that doing part-time job can, to a large extent, broaden our horizon in that we can understand more about the society by knowing a lot of people.3.写从句(让句子变得漫长) 名词性定语从句:that, who 时间状语从句:before, when, after, during 地点状语从句:where) 原因状语从句:because, because of that..primarily/mainly owing to that, partly/partially due to that, in that 例： I like you in that you are very kind.
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假设状语从句:if, on condition that… in case that…
三、精选核心单词 1.好坏与权衡：
reap a lot of benefits from 从…中收获很多
advantage, disadvantage
every coin has its two sides, every thing has two sides
2.允许与禁止：
allow (all+low) : allow sb.to do sth.
permit ( per+mit, ) : permit sb.to do, sb.is permitted to do sth., ask for the permiion from…
forbid禁止: forbid sb.to do…, sth.is forbidden by…
3.学校与课程 ：
in university, on campus, major in主修, minor in辅修,
English course, optional course选修课, required/compulsory course必修课
4.考虑与因素：
take sth.into consideration/account
sth.is the decisive决定性的/ an eential/ the most important factor
5.提及与谈到：
Talking about (the importance of English, three factors should be considered.)
When it comes to (the importance of English, three factors should be considered.)
6.分歧与主张，
There is no agreement on the iue问题 that…
some people hold the view that…, some others hold an opposite view that…
so far as I am concerned, ...in my opinion, from my perspective,
7.反对与拥护：
advocate主张: We advocate the change of the policy.
support the idea that
argue/hold/maintain/deem/that…
8.当今与形势
decade: in recent decades,
nowadays, currently, at the present day/time
with the development of science and technology/economy/culture/society
information technology, more and more people are paying attention to…
close/due attention should be paid to
9.喜好与厌恶
prefer: prefer to do, prefer to do…rather than do, it is my preference, sth.is preferred.
people are reluctant to do…不情愿做某事
10.现象与原因：
phenomenon现象 phenomena复数
lead to, cause，
So what are the reasons behind this phenomenon?
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the reasons behind the phenomenon are as follows
11.影响与趋势：
tend to趋向于
tendency : There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
effects: exert effects on
bring negative/positive influence on带来负面/积极影响
do good/harm to
12.感激与宽恕
be thankful/grateful to sb.for..
to expre one’s gratitude to…
I am writing to you to tell you…/to expre my thanks…
forgive excuse pardon me for what I did
13.举例与说明
for instance, such as…
as far as I am concerned以我为例
14.效率与改善
affect effect
effective efficient efficiency: To make it more efficient/effective.
to enhance/improve sth.
15.联系与期待
Email: e-mail me at the addre:
contact me by the number of…
should there be anything I can help you, never hesitate犹豫 to call me.
I am looking forward to hearing from you; an immediate reply will be fully appreciated.
16.沉溺与控制：
sth.is prevalent普遍的
become addicted to沉溺于abandon/addict oneself to
sth.is under control
prevent sb.from doing sth.
cancel, fight against
17.付出与回报：
No pains, no gains.
take pains to do sth.尽力做某事
reward n./vt.报酬，奖赏 rewarding值得的
Learning English is painstaking and challenging but rewarding.
reap a lot of benefits from…
be benefited to do sth.
18.活动娱乐
recreation activities娱乐活动
Physical training体育
take part in/participate in
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entertainment entertain
19.种类与改变
vary vt./vi改变
very
various: various kinds of,
a variety of, a great number of
20.心里与身体
physically身体上
spiritually精神上
psychologically心理上, psychology心理
mentally心理上, mental health
例：沉溺于网络对身心有害。
Becoming addicted to internet is physically harmful and mentally unhealthy.
21.建议与要求
I suggest that you should…
My suggestion is that people should…
It is important that you should…
eential significant neceary
Due/close attention should be paid to that…
22.个性与美德
be optimistic/peimistic/open-minded
/easy-going/extrovert/introvert
hardworking, diligent(diligence), lazy(lazine), cautious, kind-hearted, warm-hearted, ready to help others, cold-blooded
23.环境与污染
environment pollution, environment protection
ecological balance生态平衡 ecology生态
strike the balance between human society and nature
threaten vt./vi.威胁
pose a threat to human beings对人类构成威胁
punishment, punished, rewarded
例：English may be the most important factor in deciding which countries are leaders in the future.
The language of the most advanced management and technology is undoubtedly English.
Sth/to do sth/doing sth may be the most important factor to sth/in deciding sth.
The sth of sth is undoubtedly sth.
The way to do sth is undoubtedly to do sth.
Being able to do sth is the key to sth/ doing sth.
高考英语话题作文常用词汇
1.话题:朋友/友谊?
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常用词汇:? get to know sb.认识某人 know sb.really well 熟知某人 make friends with sb.和某人交朋友 a strong personality 一个很强的个性 personal matters 隐私 friendship 友谊 friendly 友好的 a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 trust each other 相互信任 precious 珍贵的 worthy 有价值的 understanding 通情达理的 share…with sb.与……分享…… be loyal to 对……忠诚 keep in touch with sb.与……保持联系 keep company with sb.和……结交 stay best friends with sb.和……保持很好的友谊
2.话题:语言学习? 常用词汇:words and expreions 生词和习惯用语 vocabulary词汇量 spelling拼写 pronunciation发音 custom习俗 idiom习语 stre强调 intonation语调 list列表 recite背诵 learning学习approach方法 revision复习discu讨论 discuion讨论 game比赛,游戏 group组 team work合作 make notes做笔记attend a lecture参加讲座 life-long learning终生学习communicate with交流 teach oneself自学 pick up习得 take a course上课 make preparations做准备 make full use of 充分利用 refer to a dictionary查字典? keep a diary记日记 consult an expert 咨询专家? 3.话题:旅游? 常用词汇: Tour旅行,观光 view 风景,视野 travel/trip/visit 旅游 tourist 游客 tourism 旅游业 scenery风景 board 上/船、飞机等 sightseeing 观光 adventure冒险 attractive 有吸引力的 hiking远足 local当地的 luggage行李 souvenir 纪念品 traveler 旅行者 voyage 航行 visa签证 go on a tour去旅行 tourism wave 旅游热 tourist attractions 旅游景点 a busy/low season for tourism 旅游旺/淡季 make a holiday trip 度假旅行 places of interest 名胜
4.话题:文化遗产? 常用词汇:? culture文化 cultural relics文化遗产 ruins废墟 value价值 valuable贵重的 worth值得 design设计 favorite特别受喜爱的 historic有历史意义的 holy神圣的?memorable难忘的 mountainous多山的 primitive原始的 remote遥远的 sacred神圣的 spectacular壮丽的 wonderful美妙的 belong to属于 survive幸存 date back to/from追溯到 has a history of 有……的历史 protect…from…保护…… the past civilization 过去的文明 one of the wonders 奇迹之一 historic relics 历史遗产 tourist attraction 旅游热点? 5.话题:现代技术? 常用词汇:? Science and technology 科学技术 computer电脑 Internet网络 computer games 电脑游戏 email 电子邮件 information信息 meage消息 screen屏幕 mouse鼠标 ? apply应用 application应用 invent 发明 invention发明 electronic电子的 laptop手提电脑 equipment设备 ?equip…with 装备software软件 data数据 database数据库 robot机器人 satellite卫星 battery 电池 chip芯片 digital 数据的 fax 传真 portable手提的 engineer工程师? update更新 download下载 net网 network 网络系统 virus病毒 acce进入 scan浏览 store sound and picture digitally自动贮存声音和图片 deal with处理 the latest version of the software最新版的软件 surf the Internet
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第19篇：考研马哲必背
哲学基本问题：（1）思维和存在何为第一性：划分唯物主义、唯心主义
（2）思维和存在有没有同一性：划分可知论、不可知论 回答世界是怎样存在的问题：划分辩证法、形而上学
1.世界的普遍联系与发展
关键点：从“八个统筹”切入谈树立整体性和开放性观念
构建社会主义和谐社会，使发展成果惠及全体中国人民 原理：
（1）联系的普遍性：是指联系是普遍存在的，每一个事物内部的各个要素、部分、方面及其发展的各个阶段、过程都是相互联系的，世界上的一切事物都不能孤立存在，而是与周围的其他事物相联系的，整个世界是一个相互联系的统一整体，任何事物都是统一联系之网上的一个部分或环节。
（2）方法论意义：马克思主义关于事物普遍联系的原理，要求人们要善于分析事物的具体联系，确立整体性、开放性的观念，从动态中考察事物的普遍联系。
2.万能原理：矛盾同一性和斗争性的辩证关系原理
关键点：同中求异，异中求同；一国两制；文化多样性；和实生物，同则不继 原理：（1）含义：矛盾的斗争性：指矛盾的对立双方相互排斥、相互否定
矛盾的同一性：指矛盾的对立双方相互依存、相互贯通
（2）辩证关系：对立统一关系
区别：同一性是相对的，有条件的，暂时的
斗争性是相对的，无条件的，永恒的，不间断的
联系：同一性不能脱离斗争性，没有斗争性就没有同一性；
斗争性不能脱离同一性，没有同一性就没有斗争性。
（3）方法论意义：坚持矛盾的观点，坚持相对与绝对相统一的观点，就要在对立中把握同一，同一中把握对立。
3.矛盾的普遍性和特殊性的辩证关系原理
关键点：因地制宜，因势利导，有区别、有针对地处理问题 原理：（1）含义：矛盾的普遍性：时时有矛盾，事事有矛盾
矛盾的特殊性：矛盾之间或矛盾诸方面之间相互区别的特点
（2）矛盾特殊性的主要表现：矛盾性质特殊
矛盾地位与作用特殊
矛盾解决形式特殊
第一：矛盾的一方克服另一方
第二：矛盾双方“同归于尽”，为新的对立双方所取代
第三：矛盾双方经过一系列的发展而“融合”成一个新事物
（3）矛盾的特殊性和普遍性辩证关系：矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系，就是矛盾的共性和个性的关系，二者对立统一
相互区别：普遍性：即共性，无条件的，绝对的
特殊性：即个性，有条件的，相对的，暂时的
共性比个性深刻，个性比共性丰富
相互联系：共性存在于个性之中，个性体现共性，一定条件下相互转化
（4）方法论意义：坚持矛盾普遍性，正视矛盾，不回避，分析，解决
坚持具体问题具体分析，在矛盾普遍性原理的指导下，具体分析矛盾的特殊性，这是科学地认识事物的基础，也是正确的解决矛盾的关键
坚持把普遍性和特殊性相结合，坚持从个别到一般再到个别的认识秩序，反对教条主义和经验主义
4.矛盾发展的不平衡原理
关键点：统筹兼顾，解决城乡之间，区域之间发展不平衡；“两手抓”；发展经济与保护环境
原理：（1）主要矛盾和非主要矛盾的含义和辩证关系：
含义：主要矛盾：处于领导和支配地位，对事物发展起领导、决定作用
次要矛盾：从属地位，不起决定作用的矛盾
辩证关系：两者对立统一，相互区别，相互作用，一定条件下相互转化
（2）方法论意义：坚持唯物辩证法的两点论和重点论相统一的观点和方法，善于抓关键看主流
5.原因和结果
关键点：凡事预则立，不预则废；“羊吃草”和“割羊草”；摩擦生热；同样的结果但原因不同
原理：（1）含义：原因：引起一定现象的现象
结果：由原因起作用而引起的现象
事物和现象之间引起和被引起的关系，就是因果关系
因果关系特点：前因后果性
因果制约性。引起和被引起的必然联系
（2）辩证关系：对立统一
区分既是确定的，又是不确定的
相互联系，相互作用
（3）方法论意义：因果联系主要有以下几种类型：一因多果，同因异果
一果多因，同果异因
多因多果，符合因果
正确认识和掌握事物的因果联系，可以增强实际工作中的自觉性、预测性、调控性
6.必然性和偶然性辩证关系原理
关键点：中国发展的“重要战略机遇期”
重视机遇的重要作用
原理：（1）含义：必然性：客观事物联系和发展过程中合乎规律的、一定要发生的、确定不移的趋势
偶然性：客观事物联系和发展过程中不一定要发生、可以这样出现也可以那样出现的不确定趋势
（2）辩证关系：对立统一
对立：含义不同，地位不同。
必然性：产生于事物的主要矛盾、根本矛盾，在事物的发展中居于支配地位
偶然性：产生于事物的次要、外部的原因，在事物的发展中居于从属地位
作用不同：必然性决定事物发展的前途和方向
偶然性对事物发展的必然过程起着促进或延缓的作用
统一：相互依赖、相互渗透
必然性通过大量的偶然性表现出来，并为自己开辟道路
偶然性背后隐藏着必然性，偶然性受内部必然性支配
一定条件下相互转化
7.现象和本质
关键点：九方皋相马“在其内而忘其外”
华佗治病透过病症表象直达病因本质
原理：（1）含义：现象：指事物的外部联系、外在表现
本质：指事物的根本性质、内部联系
（2）辩证关系：对立统一
对立：现象：表面的，个别的，可感知的
本质：内在的，共性的，要靠抽象思维把握
统一：本质决定显现
现象表现本质
（3）意义：坚持透过现象看本质
8.万能原理：实践认识的辩证关系原理
关键点：科学发展观形成的科学依据
建设学习型党
读万卷书，行万里路
新民主主义革命新道路选择的过程
没有调查，就没有发言权
原理：辩证关系：实践决定认识：实践是认识的来源
实践是认识发展的动力
实践是检验真理的唯一标准
实践是认识的最终目的
认识反作用于实践：先进的、正确的认识指导实践，促进人类世界的进步与发展
落后的、错误的认识指导实践，破坏人类世界的进步与发展
9.真理的具体性原理：真理和谬误、成功和失败辩证关系原理
关键点：要具体对待真理，不能抽象对待真理 原理：真理和谬误相比较而存在，相斗争而发展
真理是有条件的，超出条件，真理变成谬误；在一定条件下，谬误可以转化为真理。所以要充分发挥人的主观能动性，积极创造条件，使得事物向有利的方向转化。
真理：全面的，历史的，一元的，是一个过程
10.真理与价值
关键点：弘扬科学精神和人文精神
原理：（1）含义：真理：人们对客观事物及其规律的正确的认识
价值：具有特定属性的客体对于主体需要的意义
（2）辩证关系：区别：真理：主观合于客观
价值：客观合于主观
统一：两者密切联系，不可分割
两者相互引导，相互结合
（3）方法论意义：在实践中坚持真理原则和价值原则，实现二者具体的、历史的统一
11.认识与实践的统一，认识世界和改造世界，理论创新和实践创新
关键点：理论联系实际
实践是检验真理的唯一标准
“四个全面”战略布局开拓了马克思主义发展的新境界，是中国特色社会主义理论体系的最新成果，是指导具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争最鲜活的马克思主义
原理：认识世界和改造世界是人类创造历史的两种基本活动。
认识的任务，不仅在于解释世界，更重要在于改造世界。
坚持认识与实践相统一，归根结底是要将认识世界与改造世界结合起来。
相互制约，相互依赖
认识世界是为了更好地改造世界；要有效地改造世界，又必须正确地认识世界。
认识世界和改造世界相统一，决定了认识和实践必须相结合。
理论以实践为基础，实践以理论为指导
理论和实践相结合，是马克思主义的一个最基本的原则。
1.实践是自然界与人类社会分化统一的基础
关键点：自然界和人的关系
人改造自然地物质活动
不当的实践活动会招致自然界的报复
原理：实践是人的存在方式，是自然界和人类社会分化统一的基础。
人在实践活动中创造了人类社会，人类社会的存在和发展，反过来影响和制约自然界，不断改变着自然界。
人与自然的不和谐，是人的不正当实践方式引起的，应当合理调节人与自然之间的物质变换，坚持合规律性和合目的性的统一，实现人与自然和谐统一。
2.主观能动性和客观规律性
关键点：“只有共产党，才能救中国”是历史的客观必然和人民的主体选择 原理：人的实践活动必须首先尊重客观规律
在尊重客观规律的基础上，要充分发挥主观能动性
把事物的发展规律同人的主观能动性统一起来
3.辩证否定观原理
关键点：正确对待当前文化建设的态度
对待中西文化、古今文化的态度
原理：辩证的否定观原理：辩证的否定是事物的自我否定，即事物内部矛盾发展的结果，是扬弃，即克服和保留的统一，是包含着肯定因素的否定。
坚持辩证否定观，反对要么肯定一切，要么否定一切的形而上学否定观
4.事物发展的前进性和曲折性相统一原理（否定之否定原理）
关键点：社会主义初级阶段长期性
人生发展和成功历程
中国共产党成立60周年的辉煌历程
原理：（1）否定之否定规律：事物变化发展的方向和道路是由肯定到否定，再到否定之否定的循环往复的前进过程。
内容上：是自己发展自己，自己完善自己的过程
形式上：事物变化发展是波浪式前进，螺旋式上升的过程
（2）方法论意义：事物的发展趋势总是前进的，道路是曲折的，在曲折中前进
5.感性认识和理性认识及其辩证关系原理；实现认识第一次飞跃的条件
关键点：从现象到本质的认识过程
掌握全面、丰富的感性材料
原理：感性认识和理性认识的辩证关系原理：对立统一
（1）对立：含义不同、地位不同：感性认识：认识的初级阶段
理性认识：认识的高级阶段
作用不同：感性认识：认识事物现象
理性认识：认识事物本质
（2）统一：感性是理性的基础，理性依赖于感性，是认识论的唯物论
感性有待于发展到理性，是认识论的辩证法
两者相互渗透：感性包含理性
理性含有感性
两者统一的基础：社会实践
6.认识的反复性原理
关键点：领导干部要始终坚持，不断调查研究
原理：认识和实践运动是一个实践、认识、再实践、再认识，循环往复，不断前进以至无穷的过程。
一个正确的认识，往往要经过多次反复，才算完成。所以，人们在形成正确认识，即探求真理的过程中，出现失误和错误是在所难免的
7.理性因素和非理性因素在认识过程中的作用
关键点：艺术创作中、个人成功道路上情感、意志、幻想、灵感作用
名人立志故事
原理：（1）含义：理性因素：包括理性直观、理性思维等能力
感性因素：指人的非认识、非逻辑的因素，如情感、意志、幻想、灵感等
（2）作用：理性因素：在人的认识过程中起主要的、主导作用
表现：指导、解释、预见
非理性因素：对认识的发动与停止、主体认识能力的发挥与抑制、认识运动的飞跃上升起十分重要的作用。
表现：动力，诱导，激发
（3）相互补充，共同促成认识的发展
8.人民群众是历史的创造者
关键点：科学发展观的核心是以人为本
坚持群众观点，群众路线
我们党的一切工作的出发点和落脚点 原理：人民群众：物质财富的创造者
精神财富的创造者
推动社会变革和社会进步的决定力量
1.矛盾是事物发展的源泉和动力 2.量变质变规律
3.真理的绝对性和相对性辩证关系原理 4.社会存在与社会意志的辩证关系原理 5.社会基本矛盾是社会发展的根本动力和社会基本矛盾分析方法
第20篇：考研政治时政必背
多项选择题：下列每题给出的四个选项中，至少有两个选项是符合题目要求的,多选或少选均不得分。
1.美国总统奥巴马1月19日在白宫南草坪举行隆重仪式，欢迎国家主席胡锦涛对美国进行国事访问。两国元首随后举行了会谈。双方一致同意，顺应时代潮流，致力于共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的中美合作伙伴关系。强调要建立深入沟通、坦诚对话的高层交往模式。两国元首全面规划了发展今后一个时期中美关系的重点方向和深化双方合作重点领域，达成重要共识，取得丰富成果。胡锦涛就积极推动积极合作全面的中美关系继续向前发展提出一些列建议，其中包括：( )
A.发展求同存异、平等互信的政治关系B.深化全面合作、互利双赢的经济关系 C.开展共同应对挑战的全球伙伴合作。D.推进人民广泛参与的中美友好事业
2.十一届全国人大四次会议3月10日上午在人民大会堂举行第二次全体会议。吴邦国指出，新中国成立以来特别是改革开放30多年来，在中国共产党的正确领导下，经过各方面坚持不懈的共同努力，我国立法工作取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。他庄重宣布，一个立足中国国情和实际、适应改革开放和社会主义现代化建设需要、集中体现党和人民意志的，以宪法为统帅，以宪法相关法、民法商法等多个法律部门的法律为主干，由法律、行政法规、地方性法规等多个层次的法律规范构成的中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成，国家经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设的各个方面实现有法可依。吴邦国强调，中国特色社会主义法律体系的形成，是我国社会主义民主法制建设史上的重要里程碑，具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。主要有：( )
A.中国特色社会主义法律体系是中国特色社会主义永葆本色的法制根基 B.中国特色社会主义法律体系是中国特色社会主义创新实践的法制体现 C.中国特色社会主义法律体系是中国特色社会主义兴旺发达的法制保障 D.中国特色社会主义法律体系能够保证全体公民共同意志得以体现
3.为期两天的欧盟春季峰会3月25日落下帷幕。在这次峰会上，欧盟成员国通过一套应对欧元区主权债务危机的全面方案。欧盟委员会主席巴罗佐认为，这是一次“真正的突破”，将有助于加强欧盟尤其是欧元区经济的治理。为重塑市场信心、帮助欧元区国家最终走出债
务危机奠定了基础。全面方案囊括一整套短期应急措施和长期改革举措。其主要内容有：通过了“升级版欧元公约”;扩大现有救助机制欧洲金融稳定基金的规模和用途，建立欧元区永久性救助机制欧洲稳定机制;开展新一轮银行压力测试，降低希腊等国接受救助的成本;提出6项关于预算与宏观经济监管的立法建议。“升级版欧元公约”是欧元区国家为进一步加强经济融合而作出的承诺。公约为欧元区国家设定了共同政策目标，即：( )
A.巩固财政B.扩大就业C.增强经济竞争力D.维护金融稳定
4.春暖花开时节，坐落在北京海淀区的清华大学迎来了建校100周年。4月24日上午，庆祝清华大学成立100周年大会在人民大会堂隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席胡锦涛在大会上发表重要讲话。他强调，全面建设小康社会，建设社会主义现代化国家，实现中华民族伟大复兴，为我国广大有志青年提供了创造精彩人生的广阔舞台。我国青年一代应该大有作为，也必将大有作为，应该志存高远、脚踏实地，共同为我们伟大祖国、伟大民族更加美好的明天奋斗、奋斗、再奋斗。讲话中，胡锦涛对当代大学生提出了几点希望，即：( )
A.把文化知识学习和思想品德修养紧密结合起来B.把创新思维和社会实践紧密结合起来
C.把全面发展和个性发展紧密结合起来D.把择业和创业结合起来
5.“五四”青年节前夕，中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理温家宝5月3日同20位来自首都各界的青年代表在中南海座谈，共话青年成才之路。温家宝十分关心青年人的成长。 温家宝总理对青年成才提出几点希望，主要有：( )
A.有理想、讲道德B.善学习C.要自立D.勇奋斗
6.中央水利工作会议7月8日至9日在北京举行。胡锦涛温家宝发表重要讲话。胡锦涛强调，加快水利改革发展的主要目标是，力争通过5年到10年努力，从根本上扭转水利建设明显滞后局面。到2020年，基本建成防洪抗旱减灾体系、水资源合理配置和高效利用体系、水资源保护和河湖健康保障体系、有利于水利科学发展的体制机制和制度体系。要坚持原则是 ( )A.民生优先、统筹兼顾B.人水和谐C.政府主导D.改革创新
7.7月11日是第二十二个世界人口日，今年世界人口日的主题是“面对70亿人的世界”。当日，在天津召开的“7·11世界人口日”纪念大会上，国家人口计生委主任李斌表
示，中国占世界人口的比重从改革开放初期的22%下降至2010年的19%，人口增长模式发生转变，生育水平显著下降。新时期人口发展的突出矛盾是：( )
A.老龄化趋势加快B.新生儿缺陷率越来越高 C.出生人口性别比持续偏高D.流动人口规模不断扩大
8.胡锦涛在“七一”讲话中指出，90年来，我们党团结带领人民在中国这片古老的土地上，书写了人类发展史上惊天地、泣鬼神的壮丽史诗，集中体现为完成和推进了大事有：( )
12.******在“七一”讲话中指出，总结90年的发展历程，我们党保持和发展马克思主义政党先进性的根本点是( )
A.坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进，以科学态度对待马克思主义，用发展着的马克思主义指导新的实践，坚持真理、修正错误，坚定不移走自己的路，始终保持党开拓前进的精神动力
B.坚持为了人民、依靠人民，诚心诚意为人民谋利益，从人民群众中汲取智慧和力量，A.新民主主义革命，实现了民族独立、人民解放 B.社会主义革命，确立了社会主义基本制度
C.进行了改革开放新的伟大革命，开创、坚持、发展了中国特色社会主义 D.实现由计划经济体制向市场经济体制转变
9.胡锦涛在“七一”讲话中指出，90年来，中国社会发生的变革，中国人民命运发生的变化，其广度和深度，其政治影响和社会意义，在人类发展史上都是十分罕见的。事实充分证明，在近代以来中国社会发展进步的壮阔进程中，历史和人民：( )
A.选择了中国共产党B.选择了马克思主义C.选择了社会主义道路D.选择了改革开放 10.胡锦涛在“七一”讲话中指出，经过90年的奋斗、创造、积累，党和人民必须倍加珍惜、长期坚持、不断发展的成就是：( )
A.开辟了中国特色社会主义道路B.形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系 C.确立了中国特色社会主义制度D.建成了全面小康社会
11.******在“七一”讲话中指出，中国特色社会主义理论体系，是指导党和人民沿着中国特色社会主义道路实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确理论。我们党坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际结合起来，在推进马克思主义中国化的历史进程中产生了两大理论成果。一大理论成果是毛泽东思想。毛泽东思想是马克思列宁主义在中国的运用和发展，系统回答了在一个半殖民地半封建的东方大国：( )
A.如何实现新民主主义革命和社会主义革命的问题
B.对建设什么样的社会主义、怎样建设社会主义进行了艰辛探索 C.建设什么样的党，怎样建设党D.实现什么样发展，怎样发展
始终保持党同人民群众的血肉联系
C.坚持任人唯贤、广纳人才，以事业感召、培养、造就人才，不断增加新鲜血液，始终保持党的蓬勃活力
D.坚持党要管党、从严治党，正视并及时解决党内存在的突出问题，始终保持党的肌体健康
13.******在“七一”讲话中指出，在世情、国情、党情发生深刻变化的新形势下，提高党的领导水平和执政水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力，加强党的执政能力建设和先进性建设，面临许多前所未有的新情况新问题新挑战,我们党面临的考验主要有：( )
A.执政考验B.改革开放考验C.市场经济考验D.外部环境考验 材料分析题
1.阅读下列材料回答问题。
材料1:外媒热议中国和平发展白皮书 和平发展定义中国模式
中国国务院新闻办公室于日前发表《中国的和平发展》白皮书，引起境外媒体的广泛关注。多家媒体发表评论指出，中国在国际上的经济与外交影响力与日俱增。此次重申“和平发展”原则旨在让全世界“放心”，中国的新型发展道路不会对任何国家构成威胁。
英国广播公司将白皮书称作“一份全面的构想”，阐明了中国在世界未来几十年中的“自我定位”。文章称，这份白皮书用相当坚定的言词表示，中国会摒弃“国强必霸”的老路，希望用和平外交的手段解决不同国家之间的分歧与矛盾。印度亚洲新闻国际通讯社报道称，中国政府在2005年发表《中国的和平发展道路》白皮书后，时隔6年，第二次以白皮书的形式向全世界郑重宣告和平发展是中国的发展模式，表明其愿意履行与国际社会共同努力，
建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界的承诺。在白皮书中，中国首次以书面形式明确界定了六项国家核心利益，并强调中国的和平发展是以不牺牲国家核心利益为前提的。外媒纷纷对中国的这一明确表态做出了阐释。澳大利亚广播公司认为，中国在白皮书中界定核心利益是其对自身立场的一种宣告，反复强调“和平发展”是对其自身定位的一种表达，表明了中国愿在维护自己利益的前提下与世界各国对话。泰国商业新闻网则评价中国所选择的新型发展道路有利于外国政府和民众更准确地解读中国在国际问题上的立场，避免造成对中国外交政策的误读。多家外媒在谈到中国未来的发展时还表示，中国怎样更好地将纸上承诺的“和平”文字应用到经济及外交等领域，正受到全世界的关注。
——摘自2011年09月08日 中国新闻网
材料2:环顾全球，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流没有变，但世界和平与发展面临诸多挑战。共同分享发展机遇，共同应对各种风险，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界，是各国人民的共同愿望。中国共产党和中国人民历来是促进世界和平与发展的积极力量。为人类作出应有贡献，是中国共产党和中国人民早就作出的庄严承诺。我们将坚持不懈为人类和平与发展的崇高事业作出自己的努力，争取对人类作出新的更大的贡献。
——摘自******“七一”重要讲话
材料3:国家主席******2005年4月22日在印度尼西亚雅加达亚非峰会上第一次提出建设和谐世界的理念。在2005年7月1日签署的《中俄关于21世纪国际秩序的联合声明》中，“和谐世界”第一次被确认为国与国之间的共识。2005年9月15日，在纪念联合国成立60周年首脑会议上，******全面阐述了和谐世界理念的深刻内涵。此后，“和谐世界”这个充满东方智慧的新名词，频频出现在重大国际场合，得到越来越多国家的理解和赞同。
材料4:中国外交迈入历史新阶段 “和谐世界”开辟新境界
和谐世界思想是中国外交的战略指导思想，为中国实现和平发展指明了前进方向，也为世界未来发展开辟了光明前景。和谐世界思想为中国的和平发展道路确立了宏伟目标。始终不渝走和平发展道路，是中国政府和人民根据时代发展潮流和自身根本利益作出的战略抉择，是中国实现国家发展和民族复兴的唯一正确选择。和谐世界思想向世界宣告，中国坚持和平发展绝非仅仅着眼于自身利益，而是以实现世界持久和平和共同繁荣为己任。在和谐世界思
想指引下，中国积极引导20国集团机制建设和世界银行、国际货币基金组织改革，成为国际经济治理体系改革的建设性参与者;中国积极参与应对国际金融危机的国际合作，对世界经济增长的贡献率居全球首位，成为各国共同发展的推动者;中国成功举办北京奥运会和上海世博会，与多个国家互办“文化年”、“文化节”，是不同文明对话交流的促进者;中国努力推动朝鲜半岛核问题等热点问题得到妥善解决，积极参与国际反恐、反海盗合作，是地区和世界和平的维护者;中国在应对气候变化、实现联合国千年发展目标等问题上自觉承担相应义务，是处理各类全球性问题的重要贡献者。和谐世界思想标志着中国的和平发展成为人类进步事业的重要组成部分，增强了中国和平发展道路的生命力和影响力，使中国的和平发展道路越走越宽广。
和谐世界思想为世界和谐发展提供了强大动力。中国不仅是和谐世界思想的倡导者，而且是建设和谐世界的实践者。近年来，中国积极推动和谐亚洲建设，大力培育本地区人民共有的亚洲精神，积极推动以“10+1”、“10+3”为主渠道的东亚地区一体化进程，坚持通过对话谈判妥善处理同周边国家的领土和海洋权益争端，全面增进同亚洲各国的人文交往，以开放的姿态同地区外国家就亚洲事务开展对话与合作。在博鳌亚洲论坛2011年年会开幕式上，******同志发出共建和谐亚洲的呼吁，引起热烈反响。在中国和亚洲各国共同努力下，亚洲已由过去战火频仍、矛盾丛生、对外依赖性大的地区演变为总体稳定、协调增多、发展自主性明显增强的地区。建设和谐亚洲是中国推动建设和谐世界的自觉实践，和谐亚洲建设也必将成为推动建设和谐世界的重要契机。
——摘自天山网2011年07月05日 结合材料回答问题：
(1)材料1中白皮书中提到的“国家核心利益”内涵是什么?材料1中说中国会摒弃“国强必霸”的老路,为什么中国崛起后不会在世界上争霸?
(2)结合材料谈谈中国走和平发展道路的依据。
(3)结合材料
3、4，谈谈和谐世界的具体内涵及中国推动和谐世界建设的意义和具体举措。
参考答案：选择题：
1.ABCD，ABC，ABCD，ABC，ABCD。6.ABCD，ACD，ABC，ABCD，ABC 11.AB，ABCD，ABCD 材料分析答案：
1.【参考答案】(1)中国的核心利益包括：国家主权，国家安全，领土完整，国家统一，同文明开展对话、取长补短，倡导开放、包容的精神。④安全方面，提出实行全球新安全观，建立和平、稳定的世界。
意义：①丰富了我国对外政策的宗旨，深化了我国对外战略的基本主张;②表明中国将在国际社会中发挥更大的作用;③体现了中国传统文化和现代民主法制、制度化建设的结合;④有利于提高中国的软实力。
具体途径：构建和谐世界既是一个长期的奋斗目标，也是一项紧迫的外交课题，需要世中国宪法确立的国家政治制度和社会大局稳定，经济社会可持续发展的基本保障。“不当头、不争霸、不称霸”，是我国的基本国策和战略选择。几十年来证明也行之有效：一是坚持按照和平共处五项原则发展同所有国家的关系。不干涉别国内政，不使用或威胁使用武力。二是坚持奉行互利共赢的开放战略。三是坚持以求同存异、对话协商的方式解决矛盾分歧。中国奉行防御性的国防政策，加强国防建设的目的是捍卫国家主权和领土完整，保卫我们的和平建设，而不是出于军备竞赛需要，不是为了争夺霸权，不是追求对外扩张。中国向世界公开宣示永远不称霸，向全世界公开承诺不首先使用核武器，不向无核国家使用或威胁使用核武器。
(2)中国选择走和平发展道路，根本依据在于中国自身的国情和面临的世情。中国是一个有着悠久历史和深厚文化传统的国度，追求和谐、珍视和平历来是中华民族基本的价值取向，“和为贵”、“和而不同”、“和合共生”等传统思想深刻影响着当代中国人的价值观念和行为准则。这是中国走和平发展道路的历史依据。中国又是一个有着13亿多人口的发展中国家。随着改革开放的不断深入和经济社会的不断发展，中国日益融入国际社会，同世界的联系越来越紧密，中国的前途命运日益同世界的前途命运联系在一起。中国的发展离不开世界，世界的繁荣稳定也离不开中国。这是中国走和平发展道路的现实依据。中国还是一个社会主义国家，主张和平是中国特色社会主义的本质属性。这是中国走和平发展道路的制度依据。从世界形势来看，冷战结束后，天下人心思定，尽管还存在局部冲突和战争，但和平与发展的时代主题不可动摇，求和平、谋发展、促合作的时代潮流不可阻挡。
(3)内涵：①政治上，不同社会制度和发展模式应相互借鉴，建设各国和谐共处、公正、民主的世界。②经济上，提倡进行互利合作，实现全球经济和谐发展。③文明方面，提倡不
界各国共同努力。一是高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，同各国相互尊重、扩大共识、和谐相处。二是同各国深化合作，互利共赢，共同发展。三是同不同文明加强交流，增进了解，相互促进，推动人类文明发展进步。四是同各国加深互信，加强对话，增强合作，努力维护世界和平与稳定。
1.阅读材料，回答问题：
材料1近日有报道称，据人力资源和社会保障部统计，目前，电力、电信、金融、保险、材料二在救亡图存运动中，一些先进的中国人曾经把目光转向西方寻求救国救民的道路，在中国发动资产阶级民主革命。1911年中国民主革命的先行者孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，烟草等行业职工平均工资是其他行业职工的2-3倍，如果再加上工资外收入和福利待遇上的差异，实际收入差距可能在5-10倍之间。此外，2000年我国行业最高人均工资水平是行业最低人均工资水平的2.63倍，到2005年这一比例已增至4.88倍，而国际上公认行业收入差距的合理水平在3倍左右，超过3倍则需要加以调控。这些数据再次引发了人们对于收入分配公平的讨论。——摘自《北京日报》2009年5月26日
材料2我们不仅要通过发展经济，把社会财富这个“蛋糕”做大，也要通过合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好，让全体人民都能够共享改革发展成果。逐步形成中等收入者占多数的“橄榄型”分配格局。——摘自******：《论述发展社会事业和改善民生的重大问题》
请回答：
(l)我国收入差距为什么会持续扩大?(4分)
(2)如何改革收入分配制度，规范收入分配秩序?(6分) 2.阅读下列材料：
材料一自从一八四零年鸦片战争失败那时起，先进的中国人，经过千辛万苦，向西方国家寻找真理。洪秀全、康有为、严复和孙中山，代表了在中国共产党出世以前向西方寻找真理的一派人物。那时，求进步的中国人，只要是西方的新道理，什么书也看。向日本、英国、美国、法国、德国派遣留学生之多，达到了惊人的程度。国内废科举、兴学校，好像雨后春笋，努力学习西方。我自己在青年时期，学的也是这些东西。这些是西方资产阶级民主主义的文化，即所谓新学，包括那时的社会学说和自然科学，和中国封建主义的文化即所谓旧学是对立的。学了这些新学的人们，在很长的时期内产生了一种信心，认为这些很可以救中国，除了旧学派，新学派自己表示怀疑的东西很少。要救国，只有维新，要维新，只有学外国。那时的外国只有西方资本主义国家是进步的，它们成功地建设了资产阶级的现代国家。日本人向西方学习有成效，中国人也想向日本学。在那时的中国人看来，俄国是落后的，很少人想学俄国。这就是十九世纪四十年代至二十世纪初期中国人学习外国的情形。
——毛泽东：《论人民民主专政》(1949年6月30日)
终结了统治中国两千多年的君主****制度。但是，辛亥革命后试图模仿西方民主制度模式建立的资产阶级共和国，包括议会制、多党制等，并没有实现中国人民要求独立、民主的迫切愿望，很快就在中外各种反动势力的冲击下归于失败。时人悲愤地感叹道：“无量头颅无量血，可怜购得假共和。”中国人民仍然处于被压迫、被奴役、被剥削的悲惨境地。中国的出路在哪里?中国人民在黑暗中思考着、摸索着、奋斗着。
——中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室：《中国的民主政治建设》(2005年10月19日) 根据上述材料回答以下问题：
(1)试比较康有为、孙中山“向西方寻找真理”的路径和选择有何不同。(5分) (2)为什么辛亥革命“没有实现中国人民要求独立、民主的迫切愿望”?(5分) 3.阅读下列材料：
高某系江苏某理工学院的大三学生，由于其女友对居住的新校区认为没有安全感，经常在其面前哭哭啼啼，高某并盟发了要编造骇人听闻的在该校新校区发生了女生遭****而无人问津的谣言，以引起学校及有关方面的重视的意图，后经与两位同学商量，同学建议将****改成轮奸。于是三人便编造了该校新校区大四女生遭民工轮奸，而学校及公安机关无人问津的谣言并发布在西祠胡同网站某论坛上，然而引起了学生及学生家长的恐慌，公安机关也高度重视，给学校正常的工作、学习、生活秩序造成成了极大的破坏。后经公安机关调查，将目标锁定为高某等三人，后高某等人也对自己编造网络谣言的行为供认不讳。
根据材料回答下列问题：
(1)高明等人的行为是否违法并应受到处罚?为什么?(6分)
(2)作为大学生，结合自己的实际谈谈应该如何合理利用网络，养成科学、文明、健康的上网习惯?(4分)
4.阅读下列材料，并回答问题：
材料一《华盛顿邮报》1月3日发表题为“专家们称中美关系将面临低谷”的文章。文章说，奥巴马政府很可能在今年初批准对中国台湾出售数十亿美元的“黑鹰”直升机和反导导弹，甚至可能包括为台湾设计和建造柴油潜艇的计划。另外，奥巴马还准备会见****。
文章称，尽管奥巴马政府希望与中国发展更紧密的关系，中美双方高层联系也比以往更多，但这些举动很可能会导致中美关系陷入低谷。
——摘自新闻晚报 材料二
第二轮中美对话，双方深入探讨的侧重点依然是共同关心的战略性、全局性和长期性问题。其中美方准备的议题，集中在全球合作，经济再平衡，在保护知识产权、清洁技术和新能源方面的合作等最基本的问题，增添的新内容包括关于中国“自主创新”政策等类似问题。
******说：“无论国际风云如何变幻，无论遇到什么困难、遇到什么干扰，我们都要从战略高度和长远角度出发，牢牢把握和精心维护共同努力建设21世纪积极合作全面的中美关系这一目标，培育战略互信，加强战略合作，妥善处理分歧，促进两国在双边、地区、全球层面的沟通协调、合作。
——摘自第二轮中美战略与经济对话 根据材料回答：
(1)目前中美之间存在的矛盾与问题有哪些?(4分)
(2)中美的共同利益是什么?应该如何推动两国关系实现良性互动?(6分)
1.【答案要点】(1)①体制改革不到位，分配制度改革滞后;②收入分配调控政策不完善、作用发挥不充分，是导致收入差距扩大的重要原因;③收入差距扩大，还与区域之间发展不平衡有关;④收入差距扩大有着深刻的历史原因。比如，城乡二元结构等等。(4分)
(2)深化收入分配制度改革，要坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，健全劳动、资本、技术、管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系，再分配更加注重公平。逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。着力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶贫标准和最
低工资标准，建立企业职工工资正常增长机制和支付保障机制。创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入。保护合法收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入。(6分)
2.【答案要点】(1)康有为和孙中山都是代表资产阶级的利益，都想为资本主义在中国的发展开辟道路，也想通过自己的努力为中国找到出路。但他们在主张与路径选择方面是不同的。康有为作为资产阶级维新派的代表，他主张通过改良的方式，在中国建立君主立宪制。而孙中山则是资产阶级革命派的代表，主张用革命的手段****清政府的统治，建立资产阶级共和国制度。(5分)
(2)辛亥革命有成功的地方，也有失败的地方。虽然它****了统治中国两千多年的封建帝制，****了清王朝的统治，建立了中华民国。但是最终革命果实被袁世凯窃取，没有摆脱帝国主义与封建主义的压迫，反帝反封建的任务并没有完成。因此没有实现中国人民要求独立、民主的迫切愿望。(5分)
3.【答案要点】(1)是违法行为，因为其编造谣言利用网络进行传播，扰乱了公共秩序，对该校的名誉也造成了侵害，故其行为违反了全国人大《维护互联网安全的决定》及《治安管理处罚法》等法律，应该受到相应的处罚，构成犯罪的依法追究刑事责任，不构成犯罪的，也应该受到相应的行政处罚。(6分)
(2)第一，正确使用网络工具;第二，健康进行网络交往;第三，自觉避免沉迷网络;第四，养成网络自律精神。(4分)
4.【答案要点】(1)目前中美之间存在的危机主要有三个，对台军售、南海问题以及贸易摩擦。除此之外，气候变化问题上的互不让步、****、地区政策、汇率政策等的分歧也在影响着两国关系。这些都使两国关系蒙上阴影。(4分)
(2)中美之间在应对金融危机及其之后的全球治理、经济再平衡、反恐、保护知识产权、清洁技术和新能源方面的合作等最基本的问题上存在着许多共同利益。两国应该在积极、合作、全面的基础上，具有长远与战略的眼光，推动两国关系的良性互动。(6分)
