一，形容词 副词
大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级：
原级：比较级： 比较...，更...一些
最高级： 最... （A）1.构成：(规则情况)情况 变 化 方 法 例 词
单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况 加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest 以字母e结尾 加r, st nice-nicer-nicest
重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest 以辅音字母加y结尾
变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest
部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加more, most slowly-more slowly-most slowly
2.不规则变化，须熟记： good/well-better-best
many/much-more-most
far-farther-farthest bad/badly/ill-worse-worst
little-le-least
(B)常见的使用情况
1.as „ as „ 和...一样（中间用原级）
2.not as(so) „ as 和...不一样（中间用原级）
3„ than „...比...（用比较级）
4.有范围修饰的用最高级
如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的
eg.⑴Winter is the coldest season of the year.
⑵This is the best film that I have ever seen .
5.比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越„.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful
6.The+比较级，the+比较级 越„...就越„...
eg:The more, the better.越多越好
(C)注意点：1.形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略。
2.可用much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。
3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
(D)掌握三种同义句转换：
1.He is taller than any other student in his cla.=He is the tallest (student)in his cla.
2.This film is le interesting than that one.=This film isn\'t as interesting as that one. =That film is more interesting than this one.
3.I prefer maths to English.=I like maths better than English.
Which do you like _____, fish, meat _____ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and
此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：
1.形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。
2.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词
enough属例外词：形/副+enough to do enough+名词
例如;She is old enough to go to school.她够上学的年龄了。
3.区别几组易混淆的副词: 也 too用于肯定、疑问句
also 较为正式书面语
either 用于否定句
已经 already 常用于肯定句、疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句
不再 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲
no (not any) more 从动作上讲
如此这样 such 修饰名词 eg: such a big box
so 修饰形容词、副词 eg: so big
单独、独自 alone 作表语 =by oneself 孤独的 lonely 可作表语、定语
eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing ______ over there.(happy)
二,知识拓展：合成形容词
英语中有许多种形式的合成形容词，仅在初中阶段需要学习使用的就达九种。现分述如下：
1．数词＋单数名词。
如：20－minute 20分钟的
It＇s 20－minute walk．步行20分钟的路程。
second－cla 二等的
That＇s the second－cla room．
那是个二等房间。 500－word 五百字的
This is a 500－word composition．
这是一篇5百字的文章。 2．数词＋单数名词＋形容词。
如：8－year－old 八岁的
Mr Green has an 8－year－old child．
格林先生有个八岁的孩子。
3．数词＋名词的ed形式。如：three－legged 三条腿的
Tom bought a three－legged table yesterday．
昨天汤姆买了一张三条腿的桌子。 4．形容词＋名词。如：
round－trip来回的；往返的
Do you need a round－trip ticket﹖
你想要一张往返的车票吗？
part－time 非全部工作时间的；兼职的He found a part－time job．
他找到了一份额外的工作。
5．形容词＋名词的ed形式。
如：kind－hearted 好心的
Father Christmas is very kind－hearted．
圣诞老人的心肠非常好。
6．名词＋过去分词。如：man－made人造的
China has sent up many man－made satellites． 中国已发射了许多人造卫星。 7．名词＋名词的ed形式。如：gla－topped带有玻璃罩的
I want to own a gla－topped table．
我想要一张带有玻璃罩的桌子。 8．副词＋过去分词。如：so－called所谓的
I don＇t like those so－called singers．
我不喜欢那些所谓的歌星。 9．副词＋副词。
如：so－so马马虎虎；不好不坏的
My English is just so－so．
我的英语很一般。． Eg:To an American,a Chinese is a ______.(foreign)
前缀 例词 派生词
un-“不” happy unhappy like unlike usual unusual
friendly unfriendly
im-“不” poible impoible
后缀 例词 派生词
-er“人” teach/play/clean teacher/player/cleaner
drive driver（以e结尾，-r）
run runner（重读闭音节，双写-er)
win winner travel traveller -or“人” invent inventor
visit visitor
-ly（副词后缀）
bad badly
quick quickly careful carefully happy happily
deep deeply
lucky luckily
usual usually
noisy noisily
slow slowly
angry angrily strong strongly quiet quietly
特例：
trueterribly poible - poibly
-ful（形容词后缀）
care careful
help helpful
use useful
forget forgetful
-y （形容词后缀）
rain rainy
luck lucky
cloud cloudy
noise noisy（以e结尾，去e，加-y）
snow snowy
sun sunny （双写，加-y）
wind windy
-ion（名词后缀）
invent invention operate operation
-ne（名词后缀）
busy busine good goodne
一些特例：
动词 形容词
动词 现在分词转化为名词
sleep asleep
boat boating
die dead
build building
enjoy enjoyable begin beginning
cro croing
名词 形容词
meet meeting friend friendly turn turning
south southern shop shopping wool woolen
danger dangerous 动词 过去分词转为形容词
difference different fry
fried
worry worried
动词 名词
break broken
know knowledge lose lost
fly flight
please pleased
please pleasure colour coloured
名词 名词
动词 现在分词、过去分词转为形容词
farm farmer 农夫
follow following
interest interested“感兴趣的” 只作表语，仅用于be interested in develop interesting “有趣的” 可作表语和定语
developed “发达的”
developing “发展中的”
二，形容词 ( ) 1.Let’s go and have a drink.We’ve got ________ time before the train leaves. A.little B.few C.a little D.a few ( ) 2.The ______ you eat, the better your health will be. A.little B.few C.le D.fewer ( ) 3.They have just cleaned the windows, so the room looks _______. A.more brighter B.more bright C.le bright D.much brighter ( ) 4.Which is the _______, the train station, the bus station or the airport? A.far B.farthest C.father D.more far ( ) 5.Now the air in our home town is ________ than it was before.Something must be done. A.much better B.more worse C.more better D.much worse ( ) 6.I was feeling tired last night, so I went to bed _______ than usual. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later ( ) 7.Either of them can take this job, but what I’m interested in is who is _______. A.the most careful B.more careful C.careful D.even careful ( ) 8.In our city, it’s _______ in July, but it is even _______ in August. A.hotter; hottest B.hot; hot C.hotter; hot D.hot; hotter ( ) 9.I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be ______ new star in NBA. A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest ( ) 10.Of the two Australian students, Masha is _______ one.I think you can find her easily. A.tallest B.the taller C.taller D.the tallest ( ) 11.It’s good for your health to do _______ sports. A.much B.least C.more D.most ( ) 12.–Our holiday was _______.–Yes.I’ve never had _______. A.such; a better one B.greatly; a good one C.so great; a better one D.very good; the best one ( ) 13.–Mum, could you buy me a dre like this? --Certainly, we can buy _______ one than this, but ________ this. A.a better; better than B.a worse; as good as C.a cheaper; as good as D.a more important; not as good as ( ) 14.–Why don’t you ask Tom to do it? --I don’t know whether he is ______ to.He sometimes makes things worse. A.poible B.able C.afraid D.easy ( ) 15.Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is ______ city.A.so a beautiful B.very a beautiful C.such beautiful a D.quite a beautiful ( ) 16.If you like the chicken, you may have as _______ as you can.A.much B.many C.more D.little ( ) 17.The Changjiang River is one of _______ rivers in the world.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest ( ) 18.______ children there are in a family, _______ their life will be.A.The le; the better B.The fewer; the better C.Fewer; richer D.More; poorer ( ) 19.The boy is _______ young to carry the box.Let’s go and help him. A.too B.so C.very D.quite ( ) 20.The coat I bought last week is too big for me.I’d like to change it for a _____ one. A.small B.large C.nicer D.smaller ( ) 21.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s ______ than we need.A.far more B.very much C.far le D.very little ( ) 22.China has _______ population in the world. A.bigger B.larger C.the biggest D.the largest ( ) 23.Lucy’s handwriting is good, but Rose’s handwriting is much ______.
A.good B.best C.better D.the best ( ) 24.The day is bright and ______.Let’s go for a walk.
A.sunny B.dark C.cloudy D.windy ( ) 25.As a result, _______ people like to travel by air than before.A.much more B.many more C.more much D.more many ( ) 26.Why not make a kite yourself? You don’t need _______ for it.
A.anything special B.something special C.special anything D.special something ( ) 27.This computer is as good as a new one but _______ expensive.A.much le B.more le C.more much D.much more ( ) 28.The young scientist decided to work _______ in the _______ forest.A.lonely; alone B.alone; lonely C.alone; alone D.lonely; lonely ( ) 29._______ you eat butter, cream and chocolate, _______ you will become.A.The more; the thinner B.The le; the fatter C.More; fatter D.The more; the fatter ( ) 30.The old man next door was found _______ in the living room.Maybe he died from a heart attack. A.dead B.die C.dying D.death ( ) 31.I paid a visit to Mrs Smith yesterday evening.She didn’t look _______, but she said she was getting on all right. A.as worried as ever B.as happy as usual C.happier than D.as happily as usual ( ) 32.The ______ boy had been sent to hospital before his mother got back home. A.ill B.dangerous C.sick D.sleeping ( ) 33.She is ______ she can not reach the top of the blackboard. A.such a tall person that B.much shorter than C.as short that D.so short that ( ) 34.Try to make as _______ mistakes as poible. A.le B.little C.few D.a few
三．副词
( ) 1.They young man is _______ carry that heavy bag. A.strong enough to B.enough strong to C.not strong enough D.strong enough ( ) 2.Yang won the women’s 500 meters in the sports meeting.She did _______ of all. A.best B.better C.well D.good ( ) 3.–It’s so cold today.–Yes, it’s _______ colder than it was yesterday. A.some B.more C.very D.much ( ) 4.--_____ did it _____ the conductor to check the tickets this morning.--Half an hour. A.How soon; take B.How long; cost C.Hoe often; spent D.How long; take ( ) 5.–Excuse me, _______ is the nearest bookshop? --Go down the street and turn left at the second corner. A.how B.what C.where D.who ( ) 6.--_______ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge? --About half an hour’s bus ride.Shall we go and visit it? A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How much ( ) 7.Tom does his homework _______ Lucy. A.as carefully as B.so careful as C.as careful as D.so carefully as ( ) 8.Pa my glaes to me, Jack.I can _______ read the words in the newspapers. A.hardly B.really C.rather D.clearly ( ) 9.–Please write to me when you have time.--Sure.But _______ is your e-mail addre? A.when B.where C.what D.which ( ) 10.–How far is it from your home to your school? --It’s a quarter’s walk, _______. A.here and there B.now and then C.up and down D.more or le ( ) 11.–It’s a nice car._______ have you been in it? --Just to Shanghai. A.How much B.How long C.How soon D.How far ( ) 12.--_______ were you away from school last year? --About two weeks. A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.When ( ) 13.–George looks strong.Has he ever been sick? --He’s a superman! He _______ goes to the doctor. A.already B.even C.often D.seldom ( ) 14.–Does Liu Hua ever gue the meanings of English words? --He _____ guees the meanings of new words.He uses his dictionary all the time. A.usually B.always C.never D.sometimes ( ) 15.You must drive _______ next time, or there may be another accident. A.more carefully B.carefully C.careful D.more careful ( ) 16.--_______ do you go to the library? -- Four times a month. A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How much ( ) 17.I can’t say _______ I want to see you again.It’s a year since I last saw you. A.how long B.how often C.how much D.how soon ( ) 18.Don’t worry, sir.I’m sure I can run _______ to catch up with them. A.slowly enough B.enough slowly C.fast enough D.enough fast ( ) 19.This question is _______ more difficult than that one. A.rather B.quite C.very D.a little ( ) 20.It’s twelve o’clock at night, but he is _______ working. A.already B.ever C.still D.yet ( )21.A noise was coming from _______, and after a while a man in black came downstairs and disappeared in the street.A.the bedroom over B.the bedroom below C.the above bedroom D.the bedroom above ( ) 22.–What a nice motorbike! ________ have you been on it? -- Just to Beijing. A.How long B.How soon C.How far D.How often ( ) 23.All the black people refused to take the city buses.________. A.Neither did some whites B.So some whites did C.Neither some whites did D.So did some whites ( ) 24.–What about having a picnic here, John? --Good idea! I’m feeling ____ hungry, too. A.much B.a bit C.not a bit D.a bit of ( ) 25.It’s a pity that I didn’t think of ringing you _______. A.soon B.sooner C.early D.earlier ( ) 26.–It’s very dark.Let’s go _______.–All right.Let’s return. A.not far B.no far C.no farther D.not farther ( ) 27.I got to the station _______ than Jim. A.early 20 minutes B.earlier 20 minutes C.20 minutes early D.20 minutes earlier ( ) 28.John came to work ______of them all yesterday because his bike had broken down. A.late B.later C.latest D.latter ( ) 29.Asia is _______ the largest continent in the world. A.by far B.far away C.in the distance D.a little ( ) 30.Mike is still _______ with his work as he was when I saw him last. A.more careful B.the most careful C.as careful D.as carefully ( ) 31.There was _______ to weight the elephant. A.nothing enough big B.big nothing enough C.nothing big enough D.big enough nothing ( ) 32.Kate said that she didn’t feel very _______ today.
A.well B.good C.nice D.better ( ) 33.-- _______ will Jim be back? --In five minutes. A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How about ( ) 34.The old gentleman has ________ been to the Great Wall before, has he? A.always B.already C.ever D.not ( ) 35.Now China has joined WTO, so I think English is _______ useful than before. A.more B.most C.much D.many ( ) 36.Jane’s brother didn’t work so _______ as the others did in his cla. A.harder B.hard C.hardest D.hardly ( ) 37.I was ill yesterday.But now I feel much _____.I think I can go to school tomorrow. A.worse B.bad C.better D.well ( ) 38.My parents are _______ busy that they have no time to do housework. A.so B.very C.too D.quite ( ) 39.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _______ to carry all the way home. A.much too heavy B.too much heavy C.heavy too much D.too heavy much
