“I have a dream”修辞手法分析
一． Phonetic figures of speech
1.Alliteration(押头韵)
Dignity and discipline;great trials and tribulations.押头韵法在演讲中的使用增强了语言的节奏感和音律美，使演讲极富表现力，吸引观众的注意力。
二． Syntactic figures of speech
1.Repetition(反复)
I have a dream; we refuse to believe that; we have also come to; one hundred years later; we can never be satisfied; now is the time; free at last.以上句子的反复使用使演讲突出思想，分清层次，节奏感加强，给人留下深刻的印象。2.Parallelism(排比)
ring from the mighty mountains of New York! the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania! Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado! hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.to a beau-tiful symphony of brotherhood.her,to pray together,to struggle together,to go to jail together,to stand up for freedom together,knowing that we will be free one day.
排比句在马丁·路德金讲演中的使用使语言层次分明，结构整齐，节奏鲜明，增强了语言的音律感，使语言读起来朗朗上口，铿锵有力，同时让演讲气势恢宏，调动了底下观众的情感，突出了演讲的内容，极具感染力。3.Antithesis(对照)
Now is the time to rise from the dark andto the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to lift our nation from the solid rock of brotherhood.
以上对照的使用使语言结构整齐，语义对称，色彩鲜明，富有表现力。
三．Semantic figures of speech
1.Simile(明喻)
This momentous decree came gro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It camewe will not be satisfied until justice rolls down .
以上两处运用了明喻，有明显的比喻词“Like”和 “As”, 将法令比喻为希望灯塔的光芒和欢乐的破晓，再把正义比喻为流水和喷泉，比喻贴切形象生动，
化抽象为具体，增强了语言的画面感。
2.Metaphor(暗喻)
One hundred years later,the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by gro lives on It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation,America has given the Negro people a bad check;a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds”.But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.
以上段落运用了暗喻的修辞手法，马丁·路德金将种族隔离和歧视比喻为枷锁，将物质繁荣比喻为海洋，黑人的贫穷比喻为孤岛，还把美国宪法规定的黑人的权利比喻为空头支票。这些暗喻的大量使用使语言非常生动，形象的说明了美国黑人斗争的现状，化抽象为具体，使听者易懂，同时让演讲极具表现力。
四．Logical figures of speech
1.Euphemism(委婉语)
It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have 委婉语的使用使语言非常礼貌，避免了语言使用不当可能造成的冒犯和不愉快，使双方都能接受。
2.Paradox(悖论)
One hundred years later; the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself .
这里悖论的使用初看来不符合逻辑，但却很好的说明了黑人在美国社会的现状，语义强烈，同时起到了一定的讽刺作用。
英语4班 金平
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