大学英语六级作文培训
（教师用） 教学步骤：
1．考试题型和要求
2。 应试策略
3历年题型分析
4。 议论文分类
5。常用句型讲解 6． 作文实践
7。 范文讲解
一、考试题型和要求
目的是测试学生运用英语书面表达思想的一般能力。考试时间为30分钟， 要求写出不少于120个词的短文。六级考试作 文的出题方式有：命题，作文看图画或图表作 文，根据所给文章(英文或中文)写出文章摘要 或大意，给出关键词作文等。考试的作文内容为社会、文化或日常生活的一般常识，不涉及 知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。对作文的要 求是：切题，文理通顺，表达正确，意思连贯，无重大语言错误。内容切题，文字连贯，条理清楚。 一)作文评分标准
1．CET检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规 定的六级教学要求，对作文的评判应以此 要求为准则。
2．CET作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring) 方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Reward Scores)，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。
3．从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评 判。内容和语言是一个统一体，作文应表达题 目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。 要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也 要考虑是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想，也 就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障 碍。
4．避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括 满分；该给低分的给低分，包括0分，一名阅 卷人员在所阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的 几种分数。 (二)作文评分标准 1．本题满分为15分。
2．阅卷标准共分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分 及14分。各有标准样卷
1、2份。 3．阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分， 若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似，即定为该 分数 (即8分)；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，即可加 一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但 不得加或减 半分。
4．评分标准： 2分……条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎 或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分……基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性 差。有较多的严重语言错误。 8分……基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清 楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中 有一些是严重错误。 11分……切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯， 但有少量语言错误。 14分……切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺， 连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小 错。 [注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有 几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。
5．字数不足应酌情扣分 累计字数 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 70-79
1 得分率 100 94 87 80 74 67 60 54 47 40 34 27 20 14 7 从1997年6月起，有“作文最低制”标准，足见教委对作文之重视。作文0分，总分即为0分，作文低于6分，总分中要减去6分，然后再加实得作文分。
二、应试策略
1．） 阅卷老师的弱点：
1，快，要求一分钟一份，实际上有老师50秒一份，字迹潦草很吃亏。 2．好多老师只看第一段、最后一段，或只看前
三、五个句子。
3．对大词、好词的偏爱。如wonderful而不是good，pretty而不是beautiful。
2．）作文题目本身的局限：
1． 字数要求只是泛泛而谈，并不深入，有话可说，不必猜题。
2．规定了主题句，不存在新思想。它说金钱是万恶之源，就批判，说是幸福之本，就推崇。 3． 没必要一定写出自己的观点，可以挑好写的写。如my favourite TV program，最好的新闻、体育，而不是“非诚勿扰”。
3} 保证基本正确
四、六级考生的最大问题不是写得太简单，而是严重错误太多。基础一般的同学即使使用小学或中学词汇和句型，只要使用得基本正确，也可以得到及格分数。考生最常犯的语言错误有三类：语法、拼写、标点。最常犯的语法错误包括：时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数等。
4）争取丰富多变，拿高分
基础较好的同学，要想取得
四、六级写作高分，应做到丰富多变。丰富多变体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好 不要重复出现，应尽量使用同、近义词替换（无法替换的关键词除外）。例如：think可以替换为suppose，reckon, aume, argue等词。如果想不到同、近义词，可以使用上义词进行替换。此外，句型也应富于变化，不要拘泥于主谓宾句型，可以使用主系表、过去分词和现在分词短 语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。
六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主，长短句相结合。句子长度的最佳排列：三长两短，所谓短句是指10个词左右的句子，不能全篇都是
5、6个词的短句。同时，全文应有一定数量的长句，一般15~20词即可，太长则易冗赘。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调；复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描述。
5) 打开思路：第一招问为什么，比如写汽车的坏处，为什么有坏处-太贵-我国经济不发达-处于第三世界-人口多-多修停车场、道路-占耕地、拥挤等等，最后整理一下思路。
第二招，对立统一，先抨击对立面。如“大学生要了解社会”，先说有人认为大学生深入社会是浪费时间、干扰学习，世俗化等。
第三招，用比喻。比如说书的好处，像灯塔导航，像良师益友，像粮食，就生动 第四招，举例子，生动，容易理解。 第五招，用排比。 6）注意起承转合
7）审题、构思、列出可能用到的闪光点（句式）、把想到的好词、好句用上、检查
2 提高英语写作要多读、多背、多写、多改。多读、多背是首要任务，是积累输入的关键。考生应大量积累经典英文句型、表达和范文，平时勤于背诵。
上述的高分策略是提高
四、六级英语写作水平最有效的方法。在练习写作的初始阶段, 可勤查语法书和字典等工具书, 背记常用词和短语，以扩大词汇量，拓展知识面。背单词时要深刻理解所背词语的内在含义，并了解其使用环境。备考时，熟记一些过渡词、句型和范文，并进行仿写。考试时，使用学习过的、熟悉而有把握的词汇和句型，没有把握的句子，尽量采取\"回避政策\"，切忌自编自造汉语式的英语词组和句型.
三、历年题型分析 （1993-2010）
1．Cycles and City Traffic.1.近年来中国城市中的摩托车
2.摩托车的优点和缺点
3.你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法
2.My View on Opportunity.
有些人认为机会是极少的， 另一些人则认为人人都有某种机会。你的看法如何？写出你的观点，说明你的理由并举例。在你的文章结尾处不要忘记写出你的结论。
3．We Need to Broaden Our Knowledge. 1.科学技术是社会发展所不可缺少的
2.社会科学和自然科学相互渗透
3.现代大学生需要广博的知识
4．My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements. 1.现在有些不良的商业广告
2.这些广告的副作用和危害性
3.我对这些广告的态度
5．Should Firecrackers Be Banned? 1.有人认为放鞭炮是好事，为什么？
2.有人认为放鞭炮是坏事， 为什么？
3.我的看法。 (Suggested key words: firecrackers 鞭炮 set off / let off [放鞭炮])
6． Why I Take the College English Test Band 6. 1.有人认为没有必要参加大学英语六级考试（简称CET-6）。
2.我参加CET-6考试的理由。
7。 Health Gains in Developing Countries.
1.以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况。
2.说明引起变化的各种原因。
8。Haste Makes Waste 3 1.为什么说“欲速则不达” 2.试举例说明
9。My View on Job-Hopping
1.有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为...... 2.有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为...... 3.我的看法
10。My View on Fake Commodities
1.假冒伪劣商品的危害。
2.怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品。
11。 1998年
6、Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? 1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。
2.我认为数字和运气无关，......
12、1999年1月Don’t Hesitate to Say \"No\" 1.别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们说\"不\" 2.为什么有些人在该说\"不\"的时候不说\"不\" 3.该说\"不\"时不说\"不\"的坏处
13、Reading Selectively Or Extensively? 1.有人认为读书要有选择
2.有人认为应当博览群书
3.我的看法
14、2000年1月How I Finance My College Education 1.上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决
2.哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）
15、2000年6月 Is a Test of Spoken English Neceary? 1.很多认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是...... 2.也有人持不同意见，...... 3.我的看法和打算
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET).
16、2001年1月How to Succeed in a Job Interview? 1.面试在求职过程中的作用
2.取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是......
17、2001年6月CET作文题目
write a letter.Suppose you are Zhang Ying.Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday.You should write a t least 120 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.
4 1.表示欢迎
2.提出对度假安排的建议
3.提醒应注意的事项
A letter to a Schoolmate
June 23, 2001 Dear Xiao Wang,
Yours,
Zhang Ying
18、2002年1月A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus:
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
January 12th, 2002 Dear Mr.President,
18、2002年6月Student Use of Computers.You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化；
2.请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；
3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
19、2003年1月It Pays to Be Honest 1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象
2.诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实
20、2003年6月Changes of Ownership of Houses in China 图表内容是1990，1995，2000的公房和私房变化柱状表，趋势是公房越来越少，私房越来越多。字数150以上，时间30分钟。 提纲：1.简单描述一下图表内容
2.变化原因
3.这个变化对个人和社会的影响
21、2004年1月Reduce Waste on Campus
1.有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重
2.浪费的危害
3.杜绝浪费, 从我做起
22、2004年６月 设想你买了一本英文词典，发现有这样那样的质量问题，书店的服务态度又不好，因此给报社编辑写信。信中必须包括以下内容：
1、事情的起因
2、与书店交涉的经过
3、呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量
23、2005年1月Your Help Needed
1、对病人的简单介绍：目前的病情和家庭情况
2、目前的困难：无法继续承担医疗费用，需要护理
3、希望捐助，联系方式
23、2005年6月18日 “On Piracy” of no le than 150 words.
1．目前盗版的现象比较严重。
2．造成这种现象的原因及危害
3．我们应该怎么做
Useful words and expreions
盗版piracy (n)
盗版产品pirated products
知识产权intellectual products
侵犯版权infringe sb’s copyright, copyright infringement
24、2006年1月
Directions: For this part.You are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer.You should write at Least 150 words following the outline given below:
1.对公司提供职位表示感谢
2.解释为何不能接受所提供职位的原因
3.希望予以谅解，并表达对公司的良好祝愿.
25、2006年6月题目：国外旅游
1、近十年来某城市越来越多人选择出去旅游
2、出现这种现象的原因
3、这种现象可能产生的影响
26、2006年12月The Importance of Reading Claics阅读经典著作的重要性
1、阅读经典著作对人的成长至关重要
2、现在人们越来越少阅读经典著作，原因是„„
3、作为大学生，你应该怎么做
27、2007年6月Should one expect a reward when doing a good deed 1.有的人认为应该有回报
2.另外的人认为应该象雷锋一样不要回报
3.我的看法
28、2007年12月The digital age 1.如今，数字化产品越来越多，如„
2.使用数字化产品对于人们学习工作和生活的影响
29、2008年6月Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?
1.随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多
2.有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书，理由是„„
3.我的看法
范文一：
The number of E-books is constantly on the rise as a result of the rapid development of information technology.It is thought by some people that E-books might replace traditional books in some time because of various advantages of E-books over paper ones.
A great variety of reasons are held by people with the above viewpoint in which economy is the key factor to make such prediction attainable.To start with, since all E-books could be downloaded from the internet, most of which are free of charge, whereas paper books in book stores are relatively expensive.Besides, the popularity of E-books could reduce or even avoid the waste of paper.Finally, E-books can be easily stored in our computer or other portable disks while paper books usually occupy too much space on our shelves.
In short, E-books have obviously become more and more popular in our daily life.As long as we can ensure the safety of E-books, we can enjoy a better life.
范文二：
With the advancement of science and technology, there’s a steady increase in the number of E-books, or electronic books.
7 Some experts have claimed that these books will be prevalent, thus rendering all traditional ones in disuse, however, other authorities maintain that the traditional books are here to stay.From my perspective, I’m firmly sided with the former.
There are several reasons responsible for my point.For one thing, it is convenient for people to carry E-books around.Therefore, readers will be no longer concerned about the heavy burden within their bag.What’ more, a considerable number of E-books can be stored away altogether in the reading gadget thanks to their digital pattern, which is a huge leap from conventional books given its cost-reducing and space-saving nature.Above all, people might finally find a workable solution to deforestation, a result brought about by paper use.To sum up, traditional books will still be the leading means of reading, however, sooner or later, the age of paper books will be ultimately outlived by E-books.30、2008年12月 How to improve student\'s mental health
1、大学生的心理健康十分重要
2、因此，学校可以......3、我们自己应当......
Students\' mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.Indeed, it is widely accepted that it has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life.There is a general discuion today about the iue of disorder in brains.
Obviously, it is neceary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems.Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation.To begin with, schools, such as colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention.What\'s more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats.Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance.Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time.Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a profeional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others.(学校)
From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can free ourselves from mental illne by taking certain precautions.For example, if you have pains or puzzles in mind, finding a friend to expre these is a good 9 way to release preure.Certainly, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to the iue.(我们)
31、2009年6月
On the Importance of a Name
有人认为名字（名称）不重要；
有人认为非常重要；
你认为呢？
On the Importance of a Name
A name is the representation of a person or an entity.It plays an important role in social recognition, just as the old saying goes: a thing is the entity of a name.However, people have diverse opinions on the importance of a name.Some people say that name is important, while the others maintain the other way round.But I think name is of great importance because it is the symbol that distinguishes one thing or person from the others.
We cannot deny the importance of a name, be it for a person or a thing.In the world today, no one can live without identification because they must get social recognition, and name is the symbol of the identification.Once a person or a thing gets social recognition, people will remember their names, and they will get further improvement.Besides, a good name will bring people some nice aociation.A person with a special name may be easily accepted by a group or a community because of the deep impreion the name leaves.
As for companies or products, a name is also vitally important.Years ago, a computer company spent millions of dollars for the name “Acer”.Since then, the company caught the attention of potential customers and became one of giants in the field.However, another company was facing bankruptcy, for the name of its product implies unfavorable meaning thus cannot be sold out.Can we say that name is not important?
A name may affect the whole life of a person, and a name may also influence the future of a company and its products.Therefore, we must treat names carefully.http://www.daodoc.com/slj/ShowArticle.asp?anclaid=155&nclaid=1377&ArticleId=219566
32、2009年12月should parents send their kids to art claes? 1现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班 2对这种做法有人表示支持，有人并不赞成 3我认为
范文(1) Should parents send their kids to art claes?
With the development of our society and economy, parents become more concerned
10 about the future competition of children , so more and more parents manage kinds of ways to enhance the ability of children in every aspects , like they sent their children to art cla after schoo or at weekends in order to promise their kids a more competitive future.
The majority parents have the above view on this iue, beliving it is a good way to cultivate the children’s interests and hobbies, paving their future path in life .while there are also some people who think that this will give kids heavy burden, not really good for their growth.
In my opinion, we should respect our kids and do something to child\'s own interests and hobbies rather than blindne.Second, do not give too much preure on kids, giving them a healthy environment for growth is much more than attending art claes.
范文(2) Should parents send their kids to art claes?
Nowadays，it has been common that parents send their kids to various art claes such as music, drawing dancing ,etc.at weekend or during holiday。
Some people take it for granted and think through this method, their kids can make use of leisure time to learn more skills and be prepared for the future fierce competition in the adult world.Neverthele, there are still some sounds against this phenomenon, saying that it shouldn’t be encouraged。
As far as I’m concerned, I stand by the latter side, because its disadvantages far outweigh than the advantages.Above all, for children, play is their nature.It will do great harm to both their physical and mental health if they are deprived of the right to have enough free time.For another thing, most kids are sent to art schools to learn thing they are not even interested in.Consequently, they will be reluctant to cooperate with the teachers resulting only in the waste of time and energy.Thus, obviously, it is better to set children free to do things in which they paion actually lies, rather than forcing then to go to art claes
33、2010年6月 Due Attitude Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese
1、近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文的现象
2、出现这种现象的原因和后果
3、为了改变这种状况，我认为„„
In recent years, the ignorance of Chinese has been prevailing among the students.In contrast, more and more students attach great importance to foreign languages 11 since the economic globalization.In this eay, I will discu the factors and consequences of this phenomenon and offer my own view on it.
There are a number of factors which can be attributed to this situation.One of the most common factors is that the majority of people hold a view that English is the dominant language in the world and we should give priority to it.Moreover, although Chinese is a compulsory course in higher education, most profeors and students haven’t given due attitude to it as fewer courses and credits are distributed to Chinese and fewer students attend the cla or choose it as their major.And the fundamental factor is that most students take it for granted that Chinese is their mother tongue and they’ve already mastered it.
As far as I’m concerned, this ignorance may be the very first step to furthermore overlook Chinese cultures and in order to avoid this consequence-- to the students, they should read more Chinese articles not only to gain knowledge but also to broaden their scope; to the schools and colleges, they should alter the traditional teaching approaches to interest more students to study Chinese such as speeches and dramas.To live, to learn, our Chinese still need to be promoted.总结：以论说文居多，少数有信件和图表作文。六级考试写作主题大多是校园生活，其次是和人们日常生活相关的热门话题。其实考什么不重要。 重要的是从不同的题目中找到写作共同的规律。分析以往试题，大多文章的结构一般是简要描述现象，主体部分是分析原因或者列举影响，最后大多是总结和建议。有时会有一些变动，基本结构是类同。
作文的主题也不是考生担心的问题，因为考试的中心是语言，内容不偏题就行。在我们课堂讲解中，对于这种文章大家都会有一些成熟的句型或模式，关键是灵活应用这些句型，另外英语重变化，课堂中教的加法句、减法句、插入句等等都是可以用的。最后要提醒的是减少语言错误。
四、议论文分类
信件：注意主题、信件格式（称呼、语气、结束）
图表：把图表转化成文字，信息，说明什么问题，表达观点 论说文：解决问题（how to），正反观点、陈述型
五、常用句型讲解
六、作文实践
七、范文讲解
