A brief introduction to Tiantan
(a) content
1, Tiantan, \"the world\'s most\" sentence attribute
2, the construction time of Tiantan
3, the location of the Tiantan
4, park overview
5, historical evolution
(two) the location: Tiantan South Gate profile board
(three) the tour guide word
Dear friends, now we come to the temple of heaven, first of all, I to you a simple introduce, Temple of heaven is the existing largest ancient imperial worship architecture group in the world, it is the Ming and Qing dynasties emperor worship, pray Valley and rain.The temple was completed in 1420 ad, is located in the southeast of the Forbidden City, the park covers an area of 273 hectares, is four times the area of the Forbidden City.There are three groups of important buildings in the central axis from south to north, followed by the Circular Mound Altar and the imperial vault of heaven and qiniandian.In addition, in the garden of the west side of fasting palace building, the whole garden planted pines, solemn, is an ideal place of worship.
In the Ming Dynasty, the temple of heaven is built at the beginning of the implementation of heaven and earth worship, not only worship and sacrifice, the location is the hall of prayer for good harvests.Located in the altar of prayer for good harvests.Later, in the north of the capital design Ditan, special sacrifice, and on the south side of the hall of prayer for good harvests built the Circular Mound Altar and the imperial vault of heaven, special worship, which formed today\'s pattern and scale.In 1900, allied forces invaded Beijing, Tiantan has not survived.In this play the gangster stole and destroyed invaders, numerous precious cultural relics, the unpardonable crime.
Finally a kleptocrats Yuan Shikai in heaven here, but the days are not people\'s wishes, Yuan Mou only 83 day emperor addiction will die.After the liberation, the state repeatedly funding to rebuild the temple of heaven, but is no longer in order to heaven, but to to the world, to the world left a legacy.
1998 Tiantan was listed as a UNESCO heritage list.Good! Now I\'ll show you around.
Two, the Circular Mound Altar
(a) content
1, the role of the Circular Mound Altar
2, the construction of time and place
3, architectural features
4, around the display
5, Tianxin stone
(two) the position: the Circular Mound Altar in the corner of the door
(three) the tour guide word
Everybody Now we come to the Circular Mound Altar area.As a matter of fact, it is real \"Temple of heaven\", because this is used by the emperor in the winter solstice heaven offering roof.The Circular Mound Altar was built in the Ming Jiajing years, namely ad 1530, located at the southern tip of the courtyard, I first give you introduce the furnishings of the Circular Mound Altar in the courtyard.Please see the west, there is a very high bar of wood, it is called at the poles, is the time used for hanging lantern.You may ask: what heaven hanging lanterns? Of course I have to hang up! When Heaven time is not in the daytime, but at the moment is seven before sunrise, the morning four fifteen.You see, in a dark winter night, when people are in bed sleeping, emperor worship of heaven, it is hard enough, hang a lantern light, not too right? However, the emperor light is unusual, it must be \"Kyrgyzstan light is shining\".So now, please gue what the lamp pole is how high? Now I announced the correct answer: pole height is nine feet nine feet nine inches, why not add enough 10 feet? Certainly a reason, good, please first gue, I\'ll tell you later.Not only the pole is not in general, the lantern is not general, two meters high, two meters in diameter six, enough style! But the general have to say the lantern Beaulieu Tunghsiao treasure wax with a three meters, 30 cm in diameter, 12 hours of continuous combustion, neither cut Lahua, also does not flow wax oil, is the year of emperor worship special treasure wax.
Look at the east of the green building, its name is firewood stove is in sacrificial ceremony after the end of the burning wish board and sacrifice.This is the fetters of iron furnace, were ceremony when furnace burning pine rod, pine and cypre, and burn some sandalwood, a time flames and smoke, which not only increases the solemn mystery of atmosphere and in the cold winter night to the emperor brought a glimmer of warmth, really serve multiple purposes!
Now, without further ado, I give you introduce the Circular Mound Altar, it is a three story circular Shitai, why to be offering roof design into a round it? Because the ancient people think that the day is round, the ground is square, since it is the roof, the natural to be designed into a round.Ordinary people see this offering roof with marble construction of, but designers is digital \"Nine\" built the roof of the mysterious offerings.Now we are going to look for those mysterious \"Nine\" they hide in where.
(near the Circular Mound Altar Huanqiu altar in front)
Hearsay is true, seeing is real, here we may wish to a pedal for, please side board on which a set of steps, while counting the steps have how many levels (from the ground floor room in the end layer, because there are fewer people, large area) one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, just nine steps (the guests exactly the east side of the platform layer).Upwards and two set of steps (it is also one of the nine grade, the Huanqiu Tandong, South, West, north of the mouth, each register altar mouth has upper, middle and lower three steps, each step is nine grade.Now we have found the 12 \"Nine\".We look again, at the foot of the bottom of the altar altar diameter 21 feet, there is no \"Nine\", middle diameter of 15 feet, there is no \"Nine\", \"nine top\" Zhang, a \"Nine\", if the three layer diameter additive is 45, 59415.It not only has \"Nine\" and \"Five\", a symbol of the emperor\'s \"Ninth Five Year Plan\" on the respect.It is Art beats nature! So, other places also have \"Nine\"? Yes Please get on the two level \"Nine\", we take a look at the top.
(on the east side of the Circular Mound Altar top, no place)
Ladies and gentlemen, do you feel the smell of \"Nine\" is thicker now? Please look at the center of the surface of the altar, a circular stone blocks, it is called heavenly center stone.Surrounded by a layer of a layer of the fan-shaped slabs, the first ring\'s nine dollars, and the second is \"Nine\" Eighteen block.The third ring is 999 27 block until the edge of a ring for 9981 block.Look in the middle, it consists of ten nine blocks to eighteen nine block, bottom to nineteen nine blocks to 27 a nine block, namely three altar, each layer paving slate of nine rings, each ring of stones are multiples of nine, since a times to 27 times, so that, and three layer altar is paved 3402 pieces, namely 378 \"Nine\".
Remember? We have just seen at the pole high nine Zhangting nine feet nine inches, firewood stove steps on both sides to the nine grade, the emperor was not enough, heaven also drank a toast to the heaven of God, visible emperor worship to nine.Why? Let\'s get down to the altar.
(Tianxin stone explain)
You see, in offering Tiantai center have a projection of the circular stone, it is called \"the heavenly center stone, is also called\" King billion trillion from the stone \", why is it called the heavenly center stone? It is said that the stone is the center of the universe, is the emperor and the gods are mutual exchange of \"heaven\", so heart Lingxi, in this exchange with the \"God\".Then why is it called \"Yi Zhaojing from the stone\"? \"Trillion\" is much more fun, \"scene from\" is like a shadow as entourage, so plainly \"Yi Zhaojing from the stone\" is \"Yihubaiying stone\", which is a group of wonderful acoustic phenomena, namely when you stand in the center of a circle of stone, whispering, the sound not only grand and resonance and echo.So, what is the cause of the phenomenon? See, because of the altar is very smooth, the sound wave is transmitted to the surrounding fence rod can quickly be reflected back, according to experts to test the acoustics, from pronunciation to the acoustic back to the center of a circle of stone is only 0.07 seconds, the speaker cannot distinguish it is the vowel sound and echo, so Yihubaiying feeling.When the emperor stood in the heavenly center stone talk, feel not only help God -- loud, and help others, Yihubaiying, Jun the the Yihubaiying the echo as the world peoples of his boundle loyalty and consistent response.Before only the emperor could stand here and talk to me now?And tip edge send salty simmer neon cave chaos Huan Luo basket rose brain pole 2 is the babbler target mode cough crisp shortage benzyl cave chaos Huan bream brain Fu Zhong breakwater Yi Qiao by Siki magic one bribe duh o scold shout.Salt Yi contingent beetle relies on Dang perch went to Sang?
(nine inside, in the northeast side of the Circular Mound Altar down after explanation)
Dear friends, it is time for us to unlock the secrets of the \"Nine\".I ask you, what is the biggest thing in nature? By the day, what is the largest number in the natural number? Is \"nine\"\".According to the theory of yin and Yang, in between heaven and earth, the sky is Yang, yin; in digital odd Yang, even for cloudy; in the direction of South to Yang, Yin north, so \"Nine\" and \"day\" belong to the Yang, is the oldest, so ancient \"Nine\" is the symbol of days, then use the \"Nine\" to build offering roof was granted the.
After sacrifice, the emperor back to the palace, the Emperor \'s decide on what path to follow? Of course, also want to back to the palace, but it can not return to the world of the palace, but this temple, where is it? That is we in front of the building, the imperial vault of heaven, good! We went to visit the emperor temple.
Three, the imperial vault of heaven
(a) content
1, the role of the imperial vault
2, the hospital building
3, echo wall
Three, 4 sound stone
5, dialogue stone
(two): the position of the imperial vault of the southeast corner
(three) the tour guide word
Dear friends, now we come to the imperial vault.Here is the heaven of God and other deities tablets stored in the sacrificial ceremony, the heaven of God and the gods of the palace, in addition to the ceremony, the rest of the time, the gods will here rest, namely human \"paradise\".Imperial vault was built in 1530 years, located in the north of the Circular Mound Altar, the whole group of buildings by a blocking rounded walls surrounded, the hospital has three buildings, which is stored heaven God tablets of the main hall, the imperial vault of heaven and storage of the sun and the moon and the stars, wind and thunder gods memorial tablets of the East-West side hall in a Palace.
In the main hall of the imperial vault of heaven like a huge umbrella, the top of the temple is circular, the base for the round courtyard of the enclosure is circular, these \"circle\" is Tianli God\'s symbol of respect, but it is the \"circle\" and construction, has created a miracle, that is, within the imperial vault hospital three acoustic phenomena.First of all, we have a look at the round wall of the courtyard, which is known as the echo wall.Then what is the magic of the echo wall? The phenomenon is this: if two people stand in the walls of the two side hall in a palace, north face to the wall in a low voice speak, can hear each other speak very clearly.This is why? Because ah, the entire wall is circular, and rubbed brickwork, the surface is very smooth, and on the top of the wall covered with eaves tile, sound is not lost and waves along the circular diaphragm wall reflection and echo.You can give it a try, we five minutes after to before the imperial vault collection.
Please look at the following second interesting phenomena.Please see the imperial vault dan your majesty has three pieces of stone, if clap on the first stone, hear an echo; if clap in the second block of stone station can hear the echo; if clap in the third stone station can hear the echo, so this stone for the triple sound stones.The evidentiality acoustic measurement experts, if there is a quiet enough, in the triple sound stone clap your hands, the echo is unlimited, but we human beings can only be heard three times.This is why? The reason is very simple, if you stand on the three tone stone look around, you will find, oh! Originally I stood in the center of the whole courtyard, where is the best location for the echo.
The third interesting place is from the population in the south of Danbi 18 of the stone, it is called dialogue stone, its uniquene is: if a person standing in the stone.The other two were standing in the East-West side hall in a palace of the northwest corner and northeast corner, that the three men softly talking like call clear.This is because the three of them happened to be a side length of 36 meters of the equilateral triangle three top, thus producing the this strange phenomenon.In this full of magic in a small courtyard, there will be other \"secret\" waiting for us to discover, perhaps you are found, good! Please feel wit three sound stone stone and dialogue, 5 minutes after we meet at the gate.
(China guide bar www.daodoc.com China tour guide resources)
Four, nine.
(a) introduction to the location: Kowloon Park
(two) the tour guide word 1, dear friends, there are trees, named nine Longbai, due to the shape of the trunk like nine hovering flying dragon named, the tree had been there before the construction of the temple of heaven, with nine years of age, is said to be specifically on this Hou Jia, and this book is called \"Jiulong Ying Shengbo\".
Five, Danbi Bridge
(a) content
Use 1, Danbi Bridge
2, jufutai
3, the \"gate of hell\"
(two) location: South Danbi Bridge
(three) the tour guide word
Everybody please see! A flat, wide road suddenly appear in front of us, it is called the sea Fuman Avenue, called Danbi bridge.It is the main axis of the altar in the temple of heaven, plays a role in connecting at the southern end of the Circular Mound Altar and at the north end of the altar of prayer for good harvests of two groups of buildings, length 360 meters, 30 meters wide, divided into three road, the broad middle road Shinto, even the emperor cannot walk, on the eastern side of the narrow road \"Royal\", for the emperor dedicated, the west side is the \"King\" for along with the emperor worship, civil and military ministers and design.The bottom of the road from south to north gradually increased, the northernmost and southernmost difference of 2 meters, and the upper part of the road looks flat, the beauty of this design method is a symbol of the emperor increased step by step, and combine the heaven and pray.And not really let the emperor \"increased step by step\" go slope and involvement, so take the form of \"flat inclined\", both for the emperor comfortable walking Ping Road, is removed from the bitter, climb, and does not lose its \"Climbing\", is really stunning!
Here, we might be a little puzzled, this is clearly a wide road, how can you call it a bridge? In fact you don\'t understand.\"The arches\" in front of the bridge, not a misnomer, and indeed is the bridge, why a \"bridge\", say you.Don\'t be afraid.The arches of the bridge called the \"gate of hell\".The thing is, in the Danbi bridge on the west side of the is a specifically for sacrifice and animal feeding mechanism, called \"sacrifice\", in Danbi bridge on the east side and a special ritual slaughter of animals, said \"the slaughter Pavilion\".In front of the worship to the western side sacrifice in feed the animals arrived on the eastern side of the slaughter Pavilion slaughter, made offerings, from west to East Road, and not let the priests with cattle, sheep walk Danbi bridge defiled and artificial neural network, so under the bridge open a hole, let the waiting is the slaughter of animals.As long as the animal through aperture will die, were never made offerings, there are survivors.So we are not misnomer, and indeed is the bridge, called it the \"gate of hell\", too! Good! Now I\'ll take you to see the emperor\'s Palace \"\".
(in service stage)
Everybody Here is the service desk, in the worship ceremony held at the makeshift tent, called \"small palace\".So, what is the role of the small palace? Original ah, emperor in front of the ceremony to change your clothes in here, take off the yellow robes and blue vestments to show respect to heaven, God.In addition, the emperor also began to wash their hands, waiting for the ceremony.\"Mirage\" to set up the throne, treasure table, incense burners, carbon disk, after the completion of the ceremony will \"mirage\" removed, leaving only a empty jufutai the.Good! Now please come with me, we go to visit Tiantan in the best part --- qiniandian scenic area.
Six, qiniandian
(a) content
Use 1, qiniandian
2, historical evolution
3, symbolic significance (internal and external)
4, about Peidian furnishings
(two) the location: in the southeast corner of Temple hospital
?To be in the open and not?
Dear friends, now we come to the temple area, it is the emperor in place in the rain.Tiantan is located at the northern end of the entire area, by qiniandian and Liangxiang Peidian composition yard.Hall of prayer for good harvests is a claic works of Chinese ancient architecture, built in the Ming Yongle years, the year of the hall of prayer for good harvests is a rectangular hall, because at that time the heaven and earth worship, so here is not only prays the valley place but also worship places.Since 1530, Ming Jiajing after nine years of implementation of the world offering, the Circular Mound Altar located in the southern end of the temple of heaven, and in the northern suburb of design Fangze altar, this will become the altar of prayer for good harvests, but also changed the original rectangular hall we see today round the hall.The Qing Dynasty, the temple was destroyed by lightning, and later rebuilt.After the liberation, the government of the were a number of renovations, makes the hall of prayer for good harvests glow of brilliance and more beautiful than the past, has become a symbol of Beijing tourism.
You see, towering qiniandian sitting on the three layers of white marble built six metre high altar of prayer for good harvests, high house 32 meters, 30 meters in diameter, three layers of circular Temple top on all over the shop blue glazed tile, with blue sky as the background is harmonious and beautiful.The original three floors of the top of the tile roof tiles from top to bottom for blue, yellow, green three colors, a symbol of heaven, earth and all things, and later in order to highlight the meaning of the day, all replaced by a blue.Qiniandian not only beautiful appearance, the content structure is extraordinary.The entire hall commonly known as no beam house, completely rely on 28 Optimus Prime support, no more nails, cement and other building materials, by wood mortise joint, domestic and foreign visitors are amazed.
The hall of prayer for good harvests East-West side hall in a palace is the place to store the sun and the moon and the stars and the winds and thunderstorms gods, the main hall is in the sacrificial ceremony of the Gong put heaven God tablets.Not only that, there are many of the furnishings inside, especially supporting the main hall of the giant column.Each has said, once in a while, we go to the altar of prayer for good harvests for everyone to explain carefully.Now you can stay here in a shadow, this is according to the best position of the hall of prayer for good harvests.
(on the altar of prayer)
Everybody Now please look at the inside of the landscape, the middle of the hall dedicated to the emperor of the tablets, things on both sides of a total of 8 coordination, is dedicated to the emperor of the Qing Dynasty of ancestor place in typical prayer ceremony as a God before Peiji, each table, display 24 kinds of food and the calf and the grain.The hall has four gilded pillars, called Long Jingzhu, commonly known as Qualcomm Tianzhu, symbolizing the four seasons a year, the middle twelve red column symbols of the twelve months of the year, the outer layer of the twelve red paint column symbol of the twelve moment of the day, the middle 12 columns and 12 red paint outer root red paint the column is added to 24, representing the 24 solar term of the year, with 4 middle root is 28, the symbol of heaven 28 stars and above the hall on the 8 called the boy column short column, a total of 36, thirty-six under the symbol of Tiangang Ding, Lei Gongzhu A symbol of the emperor unified.
What about? Great bar! The entire hall building is not only beautiful, but also profound meaning, visible Chinese ancient culture is broad and profound, we are not for the body for the descendants of the Yellow Emperor and proud of it?
Seven, the Imperial Palace
(a) the position in the imperial temple: dry
(three) the tour guide word
Dear friends, here is the emperor dry palace, prays the valley ceremony after Christine put heaven God and ancestral tablets, also known as the altar of prayer for good harvests palace.
Well, the central axis of the building we introduced here, and finally we go to visit the Seven Star stone\".
Eight, seven star stone
Introduction to the location: the side of the seven star stone scene
(two) the tour guide word
Dear friends, here is the last landscape we want to visit - Seven Star stone, the legend of it can be quite a lot, and now I will tell you a story.According to legend, the Yongle Emperor moved the capital to Beijing to find a place to build the temple of heaven, but always can not find a suitable location, are worried.One day a dream, suddenly see the sky Tianmen\'s open, the Big Dipper falls in the southeast of the forbidden city.According to the theory of yin and Yang Nan Yang, Yang day, is the ideal place for the construction of the Tiantan, the Tiantan in the repair order.In fact ah! This seven stone is the Ming Dynasty by artificial Diaozao on here, some of you may ask, right! How do I number to the number is eight rather than seven! You have the wrong number, then why is the seven stone into eight blocks? The rulers of the Qing Dynasty in order to commemorate the ancestors of merit, and in the northeast of the other seven stone placed a small stone.Why do you put it in the northeast corner? Because of the Qing Dynasty in Northeast China is the growth and development of a nation.
Well! Dear friends, Tiantan to explain to this end, thank you for your support and aistance to my work, in the explanation of the deficiencies, please give more valuable advice, thank you
