如何写英文论文
一、开头段常用思路
1.介绍当前背景、现象、形势+说出自己的观点
2.介绍双方观点+说出自己的观点
3.提个问题+介绍双方观点+说出自己的观点
4.介绍当前背景、现象、形势+介绍双方观点+说出自己的观点
5.说个与题目相关的故事+说出自己的观点
6.介绍当前背景+介绍对方观点+说出自己的观点
7.连续发问式
8.说出名人名言或谚语+介绍当前背景、现象、形势+说出自己的观点
9.以调查数据为佐证
10.以典型事实为佐证
二、理由常用思路
1.说出自己观点的好处或赞成这种观点的原因
2.批驳对方观点的弱点
3.为自己观点的不足做辩解
4.结合当前的背景和现象
5.围绕涉及不同对象
三、段落展开方法
1.列举事实法
2.举例子论证法
3.对比论证法
4.类比论证法
5.假设论证法
6.结合统计数据，名人名言和谚语，专家和权威的观点
四．结尾段常用思路
1.重申观点
2.重申观点+改写各理由段理由
3.灵活的结尾
4.重申观点+灵活结尾
5.让步+重申观点
文章写得连贯 关联词
并列和递进
And moreover further furthermore also likewise similarly tooin like manneragainin the same waybesidesin addition
转折和让步
But neverthele otherwiseon the other handconverselyon the contraryhowever yet stillin spite ofall the sameeven soafter allalthougheven if
原因和结果
Because since as forbecause ofhenceconsequentlythuofor this reasonaccordinglythereforeas a resultit follows that
比较与对照
Similarlylikewiseequally importantin factat the same timeaccordinglyin the same waylikeon the contrary
different fromin contrastin comparisondespiteyetbuthoweverunlikenot only but alsoyears ago…today
the former…the latterthe first…whereas the secondwhereasnevertheleinsteadhere…therethis…thatthen…now
some…othersonce…now
提示陈述顺序
Firstto begin withto start within the first placenextsecondthirdin the second placebesidesin additionwhat’s morefurthermoremoreoverto make matters worsefinally
Last but not least
举例
For instancefor exampleto illustrateas an illustration
结论
In a wordin shortin briefto sum upin summary
in conclusionto conclude
表明时间顺序
Thennowcurrentlyat presentsomewhat laterpresentlyThereuponthereaftereventuallyat the same timemeanwhile First secondin the mean timesoonnextfinallyat last 复述
Brieflythat is to sayin factindeedin other words 表明方位
To the rightin the distancestraight aheadon the left belowbetweenadjacent tounderbeyondaround close toopposite toon top ofoveracro from
above next to
