西安英文（精选多篇）

发布时间：2022-04-26 06:00:07 来源：其他范文收藏本文下载本文手机版

推荐第1篇：英文介绍_英文介绍西安

西安英文简介

Xi\'an, the eternal（永恒的） city, records the great changes of the Chinese nation just like a living history book, Called Chang\'an in ancient times.Xian is one of the birthplaces of the ancient civilization in the Yellow River Basin area of the country.During Xi\'an\'s 3,100 year development, 13 dynasties such as Western Zhou (11th century BC206 BC), Western Han (206 BC907) placed their capitals here.So far, Xi\'an enjoys equal fame with Athens, Cairo, and Rome as one of the four major ancient civilization capitals.Xi\'an is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain.With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills.It has a semi-moist monsoon climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons.Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.

The cultural and historical significance of the area, as well as the abundant relics and sites(遗迹),help Xi\'an enjoy the laudatory title(美称) of \'Natural History Museum\'.The Museum of Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses(兵马俑) is praised as \'the eighth major miracle of the world\', Mausoleum (陵墓)of Emperor Qin Shi Huang is listed on the World Heritage List(世界遗产名录) , and the City Wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368Chang\'an District due to the lack of space within the city.

As tourist development grows in Xi\'an, the hotel industry flourishes(茂盛，繁荣) more and more.It is very easy to find a hotel in Xi\'an, ranging from 5 star hotels to youth hostels.Of course, it will be any traveler\'s first choice to stay in the city center due to the superior geographical location and the convenient transportation.

Praised as \'the capital of table delicacies\', Xi\'an has been rich in the delicious Shaanxi snack(小吃), delicate Guangdong Cuisine, various kinds of fashionable foreign delicacies, and popular Sichuan Cuisine such as the hot pot.Among all the delicacies, the most famous and popular one is the Muslim Snack Street.

Xi\'an is the most important city in northwest China, and so there are a lot of shopping outlets for locals and tourists alike.There are many big shopping centers, department stores and supermarkets in and around Xi\'an city - the biggest and most comprehensive being Kai Yuan Shopping Mall and Century Ginwa Shopping Mall.

The night life in Xi\'an has a unique glamour(魅力).Traditional ways include enjoying the night scenery around the Bell Tower, taking part in a Tang Dynasty Dinner Show, strolling on the ancient Big Wild Goose Pagoda Square and watching the music fountain performance.More modern and fashionable ways include singing in the KTV, hanging out in a bar, or dancing in a Disco.All in all, any experience in this ancient city will bring you fun and poibly a little surprise!

推荐第2篇：英文介绍西安

Xi\'an (Chinese: 西安), is the capital of the Shanxi province in the People\'s Republic of China .As one of the oldest cities in Chinese history, Xi\'an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China because it has been the capital of 13 dynasties ,including the Zhou, Qin, Han, the Sui, and Tang dynasties.Xi\'an is the eastern end of the Silk Road .The city has more than 3,100 years of history, and was known as Chang\'an (traditional Chinese: 长安).Long holidays are usual during Spring Festival, Labor Holiday (1-7 May), and National Holiday (1-7 October).The number of travellers is often greater during Summer (May-August), although the most pleasant season for visiting Xi\'an is Autumn.

Xi\'an is a beautiful city with a very colorful history.There are so many famous buildings in xian,such as clay sulelievs,Banpo village museum and so on.If one day you come to Xi\'an,you\'d better visit some places of interest,so that you can learn more knowledges about this city.At last,I\'m sure that you can have a great time in Xi\'an.

译：西安是座有着悠久历史的城市，这里有许多的著名建筑，比如说兵马俑，半坡博物馆等等。如果有天你来到西安，你最好去参观名胜古迹，以便你可以学到更多有关于这座城市的知识。最后，我相信你在西安会玩的开心

As one of the most important cities in Chinese history, Xi\'an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China for , including the Zhou, Qin, Han, and the Tang.Xi\'an is also renowned for being the eastern terminus of the Silk Road and for the location of the Terracotta Army from Qin Dynasty.The city has more than 3,100 years of history.It was called Chang\'an in ancient times.Since 1990s, as part of the economic revival of interior China, especially the central and northwest regions, in addition to a history of manufacturing and solid industrial establishments, Xi\'an has become an important cultural, industrial and educational center of the central-northwest region, with facilities for research and development, national security and China\'s space exploration program.大雁塔

Great Wild Goose Pagoda

小雁塔

Small Wild Goose Pagoda

秦始皇兵马俑博物馆

Museum of Emperor Qinshihuang’s Tomb Figures of Soldiers and Horses

秦始皇陵

The Tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang

黄帝陵

The Huangdi Tomb

鼓

楼

The Drum Tower

钟

楼

The Bell Tower

西安城墙

The Xi’an Circumvallation

华清池

The Huaqing Pond

乾

陵

The Qian Tomb

法门寺

The Famen Temple

黄河壶口瀑布

The Huanghe

Hukou Waterfall

大唐芙蓉园

Lotus palace of Tang Dynasty

华山—兵马俑—大、小雁塔—钟、鼓楼

Huashanbig, Small Goose Pagoda - Bell, Drum Tower 餐饮

Food & Beverage 西安人钟爱的羊肉泡馍

Xi\'an people love hot steamed mutton

还有梆梆面、柿面糊塌、凉皮、炒粉鱼、锅盔、千层油酥饼等特色小吃

There梆梆face, persimmon batter down,凉皮,炒粉fish,锅盔, Melaleuca Oil and other special snacks pastries

most well-known sites in Xi\'an are:The city is surrounded by a well-preserved City wall of Xi\'an which was re-constructed in the 14th century during the early Ming Dynasty and was based on the inner imperial palace of Tang Dynasty.The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and his Terracotta Army are located 40 km to the east of the city centre, in the city\'s suburbs.The Bell Tower and Drum Tower, both are located at the city\'s central axis.The city\'s Muslim quarter, which is home to the Great Mosque of Xi\'an.The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda and Small Wild Goose Pagoda are both spectacular towers and both are well over 1,000 years old and have survived great earthquakes.The former is next to a large square with the largest fountain in Asia which projects water high into the air, rising and falling in time to music during one of the daily performances (usually at noon and soon after sunset).They protected Buddhist writings in the past.The Stele Forest is famous for its numerous historic inscriptions and stoneworksThe Famen Temple and its towering pagoda located on the city\'s outskirtXi Ming TempleWolong Temple at Kaitong laneXingjiao Temple at Shaolin Yuan (where Xuanzang\'s Tomb lies)Jianfu TempleBlue Dragon TempleWangji TempleThe Banpo Neolithic village is located on the outskirt of the city properThe Qianling Mausoleum, one of the many Tang Dynasty era tombs located in Xi\'anThe Shaanxi History Museum has a large collection of artifacts both modern and ancient.Mount Hua is one of the most visited and steepest mountains in the countryMount Zhongnan (终南山)Mount TaibaiMount LiHuaqing Hot Springs (华清池), at the foot of Mt.Lishan, have a history of 6,000 years, the adjacent Huaqing Palace has a history of 3,000 years.Ranked among the Hundred Famous Gardens in China, it also has the status as a National Cultural Relic Protection Unit and a National Key Scenic Area.

推荐第3篇：西安英文介绍

Shaanxi is the most important Chinese civilization, the birthplace of one of the most concentrated, as early as 100 million years ago in Lam Tin live and work here, from the 11th century BC, one after another in the history of 13 dynasties established their capitals here.

Shaanxi is China\'s cultural relics and cultures meet, there is a \"natural History\": a relic of the ancient city of Chang\'an, known as the Eighth Wonder of the World\'s Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang, the size of the grand spectacular 72 ......broad Mausoleum of Chinese civilization so distant Every one of the early Shaanxi consciously digging deep inside You think the tone.

Shaanxi is not only the many cultural relics, natural scenery and beautiful: There are inspiring area of natural and dangerous Xiyue Huashan Lintong Lishan; there is surging white water of the Yellow River\'s Hukou waterfall; also for the protection of rare animals such as giant pandas-based eco-tourism area.

Plateau in northern Shaanxi is China\'s only revolutionary base, but also in Shaanxi Province is the birthplace of customs: the resounding Shaanxi Opera, paionate percuion, exquisite paper-cut and very breath of life of farmers such as painting, and all of its heavy and unique culture at the end of rhyme The Loe style has attracted more and more attention.

The full name of the Wild Goose Pagoda \"En Wild Goose Pagoda Temple\", located 4 kilometers away from Xi\'an area of the Grace Temple, built in 652 AD, according to legend Grace Temple is the first abbot presided over the Master Xuan (Tang Sancang) from India after the return of the country, in order to Dedicated to storage and claical Sanskrit and Buddhist relics and other objects Duzao personally designed and built.

Huaqing Pool is located in Xi\'an Lintong district on the north side of Lishan, 30 km east of Xi\'an.Huaqing Pool because of the emperor and Yang legend and reputation spread far and wide, in fact, the Huaqing Pool is a long history, legend, in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou You Wang Jian Li was in the palace; generations of the First Qin Emperor, Emperor also set up here Palace; more large-scale construction of the Tang Dynasty, in particular the emperor Tianbao years to build a more luxurious palace pavilion, and changed its name to the official \"China Palace.\"

Terracotta warriors and horses is the only imperial tombs from the ma grave, located on the eastern side of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum of about 1 kilometer and a half, was found in 1974, is the most important archaeological discoveries of.One pit was discovered when local farmers digging, drilling after another has found that two pit on the 3rd, one of which pits the largest, covering an area of 14,260 square meters.A total of three pits excavated more than 700 pieces of pottery figurine, by more than 100 tanks, more than 400 horses Ma Tao, more than 100,000 pieces of weapons.Pottery figurine at the height of 1 meter 75-1 m 85, according to dre, look, the style, can be divided into general figurines, warrior figurines, figurines, and other vehicles with disabilities.There are also excavated pit sword, spear, halberd, bronze weapons such as machetes, although buried in the soil in more than two thousand years, the blade is still sharp, sparkling, can be seen as a miracle in the history of metallurgy in the world.Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang large-scale, powerful scenes, with high artistic value.

Clock Tower is located in Xi\'an city of the North and the South East and West Main Street, four of the interchange.Ming Hongwu 17 years before, the site of the Xi\'an Guangji in this corner, Wanli next 10 years to move the site of the Qing Emperor Qianlong had five-year renovation.Bronze bell hanging on the clock tower to time, the clock tower named.Drum Tower in Xi\'an is located in North and West Main Street Interchange house, the Clock Tower in the east every other acro the square, the Drum Tower Ming Hongwu 13 years, twice rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty.The original one upstairs giant drum, drumming in the evening time, the Drum Tower named.

陕西是华夏文明最重要、最集中的发源地之一，早在100万年前就有蓝田人在此生息劳作，从公元前11世纪起，历史上先后有13个朝代在此建都。

陕西省是我国文物古迹荟萃之地，有“天然历史博物馆”之称：古长安城的遗迹、号称世界第八大奇迹的秦始皇兵马俑、壮观雄伟的大小72座帝陵„„博大悠远的华夏文明使每一个初到陕西的人都不自觉地挖掘内心深处的怀古悠思。

陕西不仅文物古迹众多，而且自然风光绮丽：有灵秀险峻的西岳华山和临潼骊山；有激流澎湃的黄河壶口瀑布；还有以保护大熊猫等珍稀动物为主的生态旅游区。

陕北高原不仅是中国革命的根据地，更是陕西民俗风情的发源地：高亢的秦腔、激昂的锣鼓、精湛的剪纸和极富生活气息的农民画等，无不以其厚重的文化底韵和独特的黄土风情吸引了越来越多关注的目光。

大雁塔全称“慈恩寺大雁塔”，位于距西安市区4公里的慈恩寺内，始建于公元652年，相传是慈恩寺的第一任主持方丈玄奘法师（唐三藏）自天竺国归来后，为了供奉和储藏梵文经典和佛像舍利等物亲自设计并督造建成。

华清池位于西安市临潼区骊山北侧，东距西安30公里。华清池因为有唐玄宗和杨贵妃的传说而名声远播，其实华清池的历史非常悠久，相传早在西周时期，周幽王就曾在此建骊宫；后世的秦始皇、汉武帝也都在这里建立行宫；唐代更是大兴土木，特别是唐玄宗天宝年间修建的宫殿楼阁更为豪华，并正式改名为“华清宫”。

兵马俑是始皇陵的从葬坑，位于秦始皇陵东侧约1公里半处，发现于1974年，是当代最重要的考古发现之一。一号坑是当地农民打井时发现的，后经钻探又先后发现

二、三号坑，其中一号坑最大，面积达14260平方米。三个坑共发掘出700多件陶俑、100多乘战车、400多匹陶马、10万多件兵器。陶俑身高在1米75至1米85之间，根据装束、神态、发式的不同，可以分为将军俑，武士俑，车士俑等。坑内还出土有剑、矛、戟、弯刀等青铜兵器，虽然埋在土里两千多年，依然刀锋锐利，闪闪发光，可以视为世界冶金史上的奇迹。秦始皇兵马俑规模宏大，场面威武，具有很高的艺术价值。

钟楼位于西安城内东西南北四条大街的交汇处。始建于明洪武十七年，原址在今西安市广济街口，明万历十年移于现址，清乾隆五年曾经重修。钟楼上悬挂铜钟，用以报时，故名钟楼。鼓楼位于西安市西大街与北院门交汇处，东于钟楼隔广场相望，鼓楼建于明洪武十三年，清代曾两次重修。楼上原有巨鼓一面，傍晚击鼓报时，故名鼓楼。

推荐第4篇：西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙又称西安明城墙，是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代城垣，是第一批全国重点文物保护单位、国家AAAA级旅游景区。广义的西安城墙包括西安唐城墙和西安明城墙，但一般特指狭义上的西安明城墙。下面是小编带来的西安城墙景点导游词，希望可以帮到大家。西安城墙英文导游词篇一

China has hundreds of ancient city wall, which with the biggest scale of ancient city wall in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi\'an, but Beijing, the ancient city wall of Nanjing has been destroyed or badly damaged, and was founded in the year 1370 of ancient city wall of Xi\'an so far are still intact.Japanese Emperor\'s visit to Xian, put \"the eighth wonder of the world,\" Qin terracotta pit can not, they boarded the 600 years ago Westgate tower built in the, a taste of the ancient city wall majestic appearance.Please follow me to visit the ancient city wall of Xi\'an.

For visitors, these days we have been in the garage or enjoy the sunset in the dawn of the ancient city walls are colorful and ancient deep.Now we come to the foot of the wall, please go to the city wall tour.

Fellow tourists, then the city wall of Xi\'an in the end how much it.Its structure is how? According to estimates, Xi\'an city wall circumference of 11.9 kilometers, the east wall 2590 meters, west wall 2631.2 meters, south wall 3441.6 meters, north wall 3241 meters.Such a scale is relatively rare at home and abroad.

We saw the walls built outside the four guard gates of the town, called the urn.The so-called urn, meaning for the enemy once inside, will be the Barbican wall above the attack from all sides, like bottled up, unable to escape.Wengcheng also built a guard in the town, called the goat horse.Ancient gate Kai has closed the stipulated time, shut the gate after has not been returned to town can be together with holding his sheep, drive the horses into the sheep in Oklahoma City and modern city park area rest, waiting to open the gates to the city.Xi\'an city has been completely destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty in sheep.Remember in 1986 in Xi\'an City Andingmen (Simon) Barbican outside the north about 17.5 meters place found sheep Oklahoma City on the north side of the doorway, 5.5 meters long, 2.4 meters wide.Now we can see the gate Wengcheng lateral repaired sheep Macheng, wall 198 meters long, 9.5 meters high.

西安城墙景点英文导游词篇二

Xi\'an is located in the downtown area, rectangular, wall 12 meters high, 18 meters wide at the bottom, top width of 15 meters, 2590 meters long west east wall, south wall wall of 2631.2 meters long, 3441.6 meters long, the north wall is 3241 meters long, the total circumference of 11.9 km.There are four gate: East Gate of Changle, Xi\'an door, South Yongning gate, north of the town, each of the Shing Mun are by the watchtower and the tower.

Xi\'an city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years in policy of Zhu Yuanzhang \"high walls, wide accumulate grain, slow the guidance of kings\" under, built on the basis of the Tang imperial.Completely around the \"defense\" strategy system is greater than the thickne of the wall height, solid as a mountain, the top of the wall and practicing sports can.Walls include moat, drawbridge, building gate, watchtower, is buildings, towers, fortrees, parapet, forts and other a series of military facilities.Since the completion of the wall after three major renovations.Longqing two years (1568), Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over the restoration of Tucheng first into brick city; Qing Emperor Qianlong 46 years (1781), Shaanxi governor, Bi source host on the walls and towers were renovated; since 1983, in Shaanxi Province and Xi\'an Municipal People\'s Government of the city wall the large-scale renovation, construction has been the demolition of the east gate, north gate of the watchtower, on the South Gate building, suspension bridge, and built around the park, so that this ancient building glow in the old style, has become a tourist attraction for visitors in Xi\'an.

西安城墙英文导游词篇三

First of all we see is the moat, also called the \"moat\", it is the first line of defense to prevent the enemy attack.Acro the moat only channel is our immediate suspension.The bridge in the past by the soldiers guard the gates in charge, they obey the command timing lifting morning bell and evening drum -- reminders \".Once the war is coming, the bridge was high up, the whole city will become a closed fortre.Just a friend of mine asked where control of suspension bridge, this is what we are here to visit the gates of, the above is building gate, namely lift bridge between control.Shing Mun is a very important part of the defense facilities, so now, please follow me into the Shing Mun, to understand the walls of the other part of the.

In fact, the perfect gate is composed of gate building, floor, watchtower.We see the outside is a building gate, lifting its most important role is to control the suspension bridge, and also has the night watchman role.Gate building is two story mount structure, although the form is very simple, but has a decisive role.This is the two line of defense of the city.

In front of the building to see the watchtower.A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.

The tall gate, the gate is the struggle between the two sides fighting the weak link, is also the ruler built defense key.Built in the Ming Dynasty wall, attaches great importance to the defense function of gate.Where they have a very high technological breakthrough, breaking the began in the Western Han Dynasty follows the 1500 year old \"lintel\" Gates, the biggest drawback is the fire attack, so there is \"gates of fire, disaster and later Fish\" story.Ming Dynasty city gate the coupons arch openings, can effectively resist incendiary attacks, so greatly improve the defense ability of the walls.Xi\'an city wall door from top to lower transverse hoop 9 width 15 cm of iron bars, the 1800 mushroom nailing, strengthen the intensity of the door leaf, make arrows cannot be launched into the door, so as to strengthen the attack against the gates of.This is the third line of the city wall.

We can see a few words Yongning gate gate.In the Ming city wall of Xi\'an East, West, North and south each have a city gate.South Gate, Yongning gate, mean south is Vulcan is located, is not to fire prayer, fires, eternal peace.East Gate of Changle gate, Hetuvidya capital city, Nanjing is located in the east of Xi\'an, the word \"Changle\" with prayer wish Daming Jiangshan million years is not bad, long happy desire.Simon to Andingmen, suggesting that western frontier Aetna Kangding.The north gate of ANN Town, northern frontier means long-term stability, not war.

Now we have to climb the wall, to feel his magnificent momentum.The bottom wall with lime, loe, glutinous rice juice and stir ramming, after drying, as hard as stone.The history of the wall had several repairs, two of the most famous.The first is in Ming Longqing 2002 (1568 AD), at the Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang worshiped at the bottom of the wall top surface and an external wall are package to build the brick make the walls look magnificent and majestic.During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, at the Shaanxi governor, Bi Yuan and the walls were large-scale maintenance, reinforcement, will brick package thickening, the laying of sea of plaster, and upgrading the drainage system.The top of the walls on the plane is a sea of plaster, it is raised the city soldiers puta will channel, with tabia bottom covered with two layers of bricks and into, can be convenient to the city traffic and prevent water infiltration.Sea of plaster from outside to inside is 5 degrees of inclination, the rain quickly into the city inside the gutters, effectively protect the wall are not immersed in water to protect the wall.Walls of each separated by 40 - 60 meters a sink.They masonry structure, attached on the inside walls, direct from the top of the wall to wall, communicated and ditches.Xi\'an city wall is preserved, the complete drainage system has played a significant role.

In order to ensure soldiers and chariot safe walking in the city, at the top of the wall built along the wall yu.In order to facilitate observation, and on the outer edge of the building wall.Square hole in the wall at the bottom of the eye is also called hanging out, a glimpse of soldiers shooting place.

A solid pier projecting along the outer wall called the Barbican, commonly known as navodon.On the wall a total of 98.The towers are 120 meters apart, the distance and the weapons of the past are related, the midpoint of 120 meters is 60 meters.

推荐第5篇：西安兵马俑导游词英文

西安兵马俑位于今陕西省西安市临潼区秦始皇陵以东1.5千米处的兵马俑坑内。如下小编就为大家收集了西安兵马俑导游词英文，欢迎阅读！

篇1：西安兵马俑导游词英文

Dear tourist friends:

Hello, welcome to the ancient city of Xi\'an.I am the tour guide for your trip to Xi\'an.My name is Chen.Everybody called me Chen guide.One of the first attractions is the world cultural heritage today we visit the Qin yong.The scenic spot is located in Xi\'an Lintong, it takes about forty minutes, when we get there, you can see in the Terracotta Army of qin.

Do you know the origin of the Qin Terracotta Army? The original in the previous dynasties, the emperor after the death of all the living dead, and later to the Qin Dynasty, a minister of the Qin Dynasty said: \"before is the living dead, this is not very appropriate for you, let the skilled craftsmen to build a made of clay that you nanzhengbeizhan, all conquering Army how?\" Qin Shihuang agreed that the idea was a good idea.In fact, it was not Qin Shihuang\'s nod to agree that there was no today\'s magnificent Qin Terracotta Army.

Well, we are now in the mausoleum of the Qin Shihuang.Please get off in turn.Terracotta Army is grand.Three pits have been excavated, a total area of nearly 2000 square meters, almost as big fifty basketball courts, a pit of Terracotta Army eight thousand.

Now we are in the No.1 pit.In three a pit, a pit is the largest, that is 230 meters long, 62 meters wide north-south, a total area of 1426 square meters; the pit of Terracotta Army is also up, more than 6000.On the top of the No.1 pit, a huge arched hall was built.We can walk into the hall in the tour should also visit carefully, Caution! Oh!

Please look at the tall, wearing Heguan, wearing armor, with a sword in hand, the general will go with head high and chest out.The look of the spirit, as soon as you see, is a long period of sand field and a heavy responsibility in the shoulder.There are many wonderful Samurai figurines, horse cavalry, commiion.These Terracotta Army a look different and wonderful, it is a feast for the eyes to see.

The Qin Terracotta Army is unique in the history of the ancient and modern sculpture.It\'s a vivid simulation arrangement, display the image of the Chinese nation powerful and heroic.

Dear tourist friends, the time has paed quickly, and the tour of the Qin Terracotta Army is also at the end of today.I wish you a pleasant journey.

篇2：西安兵马俑导游词英文

Visitors:

Hello, welcome to the Terracotta Army of Qin Dynasty.My name is Zhang Junwei.It is your tour guide.Everyone calls me Zhang guide.The Qin Terracotta Army was unearthed in Lintong, Xi\'an, China.

Visitors, we are now in the three pit Terracotta Army of Qin, Qin Terracotta Army grand scale, three pits have been excavated, a pit, things 230 meters long, 60 meters wide north-south, a total area of about 14260 square meters, it is the history of the world a great miracle.

Terracotta Army is not only large in size, but also in many types and distinct in personality.Study abroad network

Please look at these big men.Please gue what these figures are.Yes, they are strong, dreed in robes and armed with weapons.

Then continue to look at the cavalry figurines, careful observation, they wore a short pants, tight mouth pants, seemed to start at any time to kill.

No war, no mark, please look forward, a horse body strong, like the order, sakaisidi will embark on the journey, into the sky.

You see, this is known to the world the Terracotta Army of Qin, some nodded thoughtfully, as if her, considering how to defeat the enemy; some eagle-eyed, solemn, clear in the dark to unify the world pledged to fight; some clenched fists, ready to.

The tourists, I introduced so far, there are a variety of Terracotta Army there, please feel free to watch, but do not litter, do not take photos.

推荐第6篇：西安钟鼓楼英文导游词

西安鼓楼始建于明洪武十三年（公元1380年），比钟楼的建造时间稍早。鼓楼建于高大的长方形台基之上，台基下辟有高和宽均为6米的南北向券洞。以下是西安钟鼓楼英文导游词，欢迎借鉴！

西安钟鼓楼英文导游词

Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

Today we will have three places to visit—the Bell Tower the Drum Tower and the City Well.First we come to the Bell Tower.The Bell Tower, a claical building with carved beams and painted rafters, has been served as the symbol of Xi’an.It stands in the center of the downtown area where the north street, the south street, the west street and the east street meet.And the tower house a huge bell which in ancient times was use to strike the time every morning.This is how the tower got its name.now it is an important historical monument in shaanxi Province.

The Bell tower was first built in Ying Xiang temple in 1384 during the Ming dynasty.It was moved to its present site in 1582 as a result of the city‘s expansion program.

Ladies and gentlemen, There is a story about the Bell Tower.It’s said that the first emperor of Ming dynasty , Zhu yuanzhang , he was born in a poor family.Both his parent died when he was young, and he had to live a hard life.Later, he went to a temple to become a monk.When he ascended the throne, he was afraid of being deposed by someone of “real dragon”.Therefore, he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repre the “dragon spirits”.Xi’an has been the imperial capital city since ancient times.So the “dragon spirits ” must be very strong here.That’s why the bell tower in Xi’an was not only built earlier, but also bigger than the other ones in the country.The base of the tower is 1,337.4 square meters in size, 8.6 meters high and 35.5 meters wide.It was laid with blue bricks all over.The whole building is 36 meters above ground.It is a brick-and –wood structure.The eaves are supported by colored “dou gong” a traditional structural system in which brackets are used to join columns and crobeams, the use of dou gong made the whole building firm and beautiful.

Well, next we will visit the Drum Tower nearly.

The Drum Tower stands 500 meters to the northwest of the Bell Tower.It was built in 1380.There used to be a huge drum in the tower, which told the time at dark, and that is how the tower got its present name.Besides marking the time, the drum was also used to give warnings to people in times of war.The base of The Drum Tower is 1,924 square meters in size, and 34 meters in height.It was built with blue bricks.The Drum Tower has a rectangular shape and shows tier and the outside eaves are decorated with networks of wood arches.

At last, we will visit the famous city wall of Xi’an.The most complete and the best preserved city wall in china.

The city wall of Xi’an is an extension of the prior Tang dynasty structure.It was stared in 1370 and finished in 1378 and has a rectangular –shaped construction.It is over 4 kilometers from the east to west and about 3 kilometers from the north to south.And the total length is 13.7 kilometers.It stands 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide acro the top and 15-18 meters thick at the button.On the top of the city wall, there is a rampart every 120 meters, which extends out from the main wall.The top of the rampart is at the same level as the top of the wall.The ramparts were built to allow soldiers to see those enemies who would try to climb up the wall.The distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of arrow shot from either side.This allowed soldiers to protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy.There are altogether 98 of them on the city wall and each has a sentry building on top of it.

There are four main gates of the city wall-one on each side-named the east gate, the west gate, south gate and north gate.The four gates of the city wall were the only way to go into and out of town.In Xi’an, each of the four gates consists of three gate towers.The main gate tower is called ZhengLou which is located on top of the main part of the city wall.It is the inner one and is also the main entrance to the city.Zha lou is the gate tower which a suspension bridge and located outside of the city wall.It’s used to lift and lower the suspension bridge.Jian lou is the arrow tower and located in between the Zhenglou and Zhaloutowers.There are square windows in the front and on the two sides to shoot arrows.Jianlou and Zhenglou are connected by walls and the encircled area is called Wongcheng in which soldiers could be stationed.From Wongcheng, there are also horse paages leading to the top of the wall.There are altogether eleven horse paages around the city.

A watch tower is located on each of the four corners of the wall.The one at the southwestern corner is round, probably after the model of the imperial city wall of the Tang dynasty.But the other three are square and are higher and larger than the sentry building on the ramparts.This shows the strategic importance of the corners of the city wall.

All right, we have finished visiting the famous city wall of Xi’an.Thank you.

西安钟鼓楼简介

西安鼓楼是所存在中国最大的鼓楼，位于西安城内西大街北院门的南端，东与钟楼相望。鼓楼始建于明太祖朱元璋洪武十三年，清康熙三十八年和清乾隆5年先后两次重修。楼上原有巨鼓一面，每日击鼓报时，故称“鼓楼”。

鼓楼横跨北院门大街之上。鼓楼和钟楼是一对孪生兄弟，相距仅半里，互相辉映，为古城增色。鼓楼是明洪武十三年（公元1380年）建成的，比当初的钟楼早建4年。楼基面积比钟楼楼基大738.55平方米，通高34米，雄杰秀丽不亚于钟楼。古时楼上悬挂一面大鼓，傍晚时击鼓向全城居民报时，故称鼓楼

古时击钟报晨，击鼓报暮，因此有“晨钟暮鼓”之称。同时，夜间击鼓以报时，“三鼓”，就是“三更”，“五鼓”就是“五更”，一夜共报5次。明代的西安城周长11.9公里，面积是8.7平方公里，鼓楼地处西安城中部偏西南，为使鼓声能传遍全城，就必须建造高楼，设置大鼓。明、清两代，鼓楼周围大多是陕西行省、西安府署的各级衙门，这些衙门办公和四周的居民生活都离不开鼓声，鼓声亦成为当时人们最熟悉的悦耳之声了。李允宽所书写的“声闻于天”的匾额，画龙点睛，说明了鼓楼的实际意义。

现在楼内设有楼梯，登临楼上，凭栏便能眺望全城景色。西安鼓楼是城内明清建筑物的主要标志和代表之一。

从50年代开始，人民政府曾多次修缮鼓楼，90年代又贴金描彩，进行了大规模的维修，为进一步开发和利用文物资源，促进文化旅游事业的发展，恢复 “晨钟暮鼓”，1996年西安市决定重制鼓楼大鼓。重制的大鼓高1.8米，鼓面直径为2.83米，系用整张优质牛皮蒙制而成。鼓腹直径3.43米，重1.5 吨。上有泡钉1996个，寓意1996年制，加上4个铜环共2000年，象征公元2000年，催人奋进，跨入二十一世纪。该鼓声音洪亮、浑厚，重槌之下，十里可闻，是中国最大的鼓。在钟楼和鼓楼之间，开辟为钟鼓楼广场，绿草红花点缀其间，造型独特的声光喷泉不时变换，是古城人民休闲、娱乐的好去处。

推荐第7篇：西安钟楼英文导游词

导语：西安钟楼位于西安市中心，明城墙内东西南北四条大街的交汇处，是中国现存钟楼中形制最大、保存最完整的一座。以下是小编整理西安钟楼导游词的资料，欢迎阅读参考。

Today we will visit the city wall, the bell tower and the drum tower.It\'s my pleasure to serve you.

The ancient castle we now see is the Ming xi \'an city wall, which was built on the foundation of the imperial city of tangan in the early Ming dynasty.It is one of the most famous cities in the late middle ages of China, and it is the largest and most complete defense facility of ancient military castles in the world.

Xi \'an, as the ancient capital of the millennium, has built the wall many times in the past.Most of them are buried by the dust of history.The walls we see now go back to the sui dynasty.In 1369, the Ming dynasty moved xu da from shanxi to shaanxi, and changed the original fengtian road to xi \'an, meaning \"western lasting peace and stability\".It was the prelude to the construction of the wall in xi \'an.The eightold wall shape is a rectangle.The wall is 15 meters high, 12 to 14 meters wide, 16 to 18 meters wide and 13.9 kilometers in circumference.The bottom layer is mixed with lime and glutinous rice juice.After drying, it is exceptionally strong.

The ancient city wall of xi \'an includes a series of military installations including moat, suspension bridge, gate building, archery building, zhenglou, tower, enemy building, parapet and crenel.Well, now let\'s feel the scientific, rigorous and complete military defense system in person.

The periphery of the wall is the moat, also known as the moat, which is the first line of defense of the wall.It can block an enemy\'s attack, or even take advantage of the terrain to destroy the enemy.The moat around the city wall of xi \'an is 20 meters wide, and the gate is croed over the moat, and the only acce to the moat and the gate is the drawbridge.At ordinary times, the soldiers in the city of the city listened to the commander of the morning bell, lowered the drawbridge in the morning and opened the city gates.Hoist the bridge at night and cut off traffic.Once a war has occurred, the drawbridge rises, the gates are closed, and the gates become fortified and enclosed fighting fortrees.

The city gate is the focal point of the city defense system, also is the weak spot.At ordinary times, it is a paageway to and from the city.In war, it is also the primary goal of defending the two sides.Therefore, the Ming dynasty attached great importance to improving the city gate defense facilities.One of the most notable technological breakthroughs is the use of the arch gate to prevent enemy fire.Ming xian city gate is very solid, door leaf with 16 cm thick boards, a fan gate 2.8 cubic meters with wood, door leaf horizontal turn up and down the iron bar reinforcement, the interval of each two bars, 180 iron needle mushrooms nails.There are 1,800 iron mushroom needles on the door.This compels the wood of the door, increasing the rigidity of the door, so that the arrow can\'t be shot in.

In order to improve the insurance coefficient of the city gate defense, the gate is actually made up of three parts, namely, gate building, archway and main building.The gate tower is the most outside, its function is the lift suspension bridge.It\'s used to make more.The enemy entered the gate of the gate, as if entering the urn, and would be attacked from all sides, so this space downstairs is also called \"wengcheng\".The archery is in the middle, with Windows on both sides, for archery.The wall between the archery and the archery is also called \"weng city\", which can be tunneled.The building is the main building of the city gate, which is the main building of the city.On the outside of the wall, there is an enemy stand outside the main body, commonly known as the \"horse face\", every 120 meters.There are 98 horses on the whole wall, the building on the horse\'s face is called the enemy building, and the two towers are 120 meters apart, and the other side is 60 meters, which is \"a stone\'s throw away\".This layout makes it easy to shoot the enemy from the side.Therefore, the ancients commented, \"there is a city without a platform, and without a city, it is a city, so the guard is there, and so is the city.\" On the outside of the wall there are short pheasants, also known as \"battlements\", with crenel and square holes for archery and lookout.The inside wall, called the parapet, is designed to prevent soldiers from falling into the wall while they walk.At the four corners of xi \'an city, there is a tower called the \"turret\".In the city of weng, which is formed in the archery and the building, there is a horse road leading to the head, which is convenient for the horse and the horse.During the war, this is the key point for the mobilization of troops, and must be kept clear.So the guards are extremely strict.

As the years change, now we can see changle of xi \'an city wall gate, AnDingMen, rosefinch door, including door, jade auspicious door light, etc., the origin of these names from one side also reflects the ancient city of ups and downs failure.The city wall of Ming xian shows the wisdom and wisdom of the ancient working people in China.Well, the city wall of xi \'an is here, and we will continue to take you to the bell tower.

Bell tower and drum tower are the unique buildings of ancient Chinese cities.Bells and drums were the earliest percuion instruments in China, with a history of more than 3,000 years.Originally as a ritual instrument and musical instrument.Since the spring and autumn period, it has been used for military command.The ancient Chinese cities had the nature of military castles.Besides the city walls, excavating the moat and setting up the suspension bridge, they also built the bell tower in the center of the city as the command center.At ordinary times, with the morning clock, the time of the report, the time to open and close the suspension bridge, the emergency condition is used to alert the police, command the city defense.This rigorous urban defense system reached its peak in the Ming dynasty.Xi \'an is a military and political town in the northwest of the Ming dynasty.Its bell tower and drum tower are the most similar buildings in the country, regardle of its size, historical value or artistic value.

What we see now is the bell tower, the building is located in xi \'an, north and south, east and west four street interchange, it was built in Ming hongwu seventeen years, the original is located in the west street meet auspicious view, with the shift in the centre of the city, in the Ming wanli decade, god will tower to a whole demolition, moved to addre today.

The bell tower is typical of the Ming dynasty architectural style, the building is 36 meters high, the heavy eaves and arch, magnificent and solemn.It consists of a base, a building and a roof.The base is square, all made of blue bricks.The building, as a square wooden structure, is surrounded by a cloister, which is a two-story building with wooden ladders circling overhead.Inside and below the building inside two floors square hall, display the Ming dynasty since the Ming dynasty all kinds of precious porcelain and red nanmu furniture, all around the door is full of relief painting, the style is simple and vivid.The top of the building is a four-corner structure, covered with a green glazed tile, the top of the dome is 5 meters high, glittering and brilliant.

On the northwest corner of the bell tower is a Ming dynasty iron bell, weighing 5 tons.It is much smaller than the bronze bell that hung from the clock tower.The clock tower, which was originally hung, was a \"jingyun bell\" cast during the tang dynasty.Now the clock is in xi \'an stele forest.It is said that, although the style of the tower has not changed since it was moved to the present site, the jingyun bell is not going to sound.There is no alternative but to change.In order to move the jingyun clock to the new clock tower, an inclined bridge was built on the west side of the west street, and the jingyun clock was transported to the bell tower using the ramp.It is said that the \"bridge\" also got its name.

On the west wall of the clock tower, there are \"bell tower song\" and \"bell tower\" inscription.\"Zhong Lou ge\" is the shaanxi governor who built the bell tower in the same year.In the poem, the bell tower was praised enthusiastically.\"The bell tower\" is the governor of the bell tower, detailed description of the clock tower.On the door of the bell tower, there are 64 stories of carved wooden relief, including magnolia from the army, the moon and the moon, the book of liu yi, the sea of eight, and so on.After the founding of the People\'s Republic of China, the people\'s government of xi \'an made three major repairs to the clock tower, which restored the ancient architecture to its former glory.

Compared with the bell tower, it is the drum tower.The entrance of the building is south to north, north to north gate and south west street.The drum tower was built in Ming hongwu for 13 years, and the bell tower is the sister building.On the north side of the drum tower, there is a huge drum, and the morning bell on the bell tower is known as the drum tower.The building is rectangular, with a height and width of 6 meters and a depth of 38 meters.The drum tower is a heavy eaves, glazed tile roof, heavy eaves and three drops of water.The building is divided into two layers.Under the eaves of the north and south, there was a plaque, which was written by emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty: \"wenwu shengdi\", which was written by li yunkuan, a scholar in xianning county.The outer eaves of the drum tower are decorated with dougong.Paint on the ceiling painted cloud patterns, antique, very beautiful.The bell and drum tower meet, making the ancient city of xi \'an more beautiful and spectacular.Well, this is the end of the bell tower tour.Thank you!

推荐第8篇：西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙是明朝出年在明太祖朱元璋的政策\"高筑墙、广积粮、缓称王\"的指导下，在唐皇城的基础上建成的。下面是西安城墙景点导游词，希望可以帮到大家。

篇1：西安城墙英文导游词

All visitors:

You must want to know what the real meaning of the city wall is.The word \"city wall\" was originally derived from the word \"city\".\"City\" according to the \"Shuowen\" explains, phonetic loan characters \"Sheng\", \"Sheng\" is satisfied that the people, so the original meaning of the word \"city\" is soil around the people and country, which leads to the walls of righteousne.Known as the backbone of the Chinese nation\'s \"the Great Wall city\" Yu, is also the meaning of the wall.Just later with the development of society, the word \"city\" also contains the interpretation of today\'s city.\"City\" first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty of Jin Wenzhong, see the physical embodiment of the military use of the ancient city wall from the shape.Military role of walls is protecting private ownership, and in ideology, wall body size and patriarchal clan system strictly reflect.Obviously the ruler is to create the wall, use it to protect themselves, that paul.Now we see the walls of Xi\'an, is one of the most famous Chinese wall construction history.It from the Ming Hong Wu for three years (year 1370) Zhu Yuanzhang, iued an edict to repair the city to start, to Hong Wu eleven years (1378 AD) completed, which lasted 8 years is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the imperial city building expansion and, after succeive repairs, basically maintained complete feudal society the walls of the building appearance, reflecting the outstanding achievement of Chinese ancient fortification technology.

篇2：西安城墙英文导游词

First of all we visited is a magnificent momentum of the city wall of the Ming dynasty.The walls of our eyes are bright.Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang believes that \"such as landscape solid, non storage by deep trenches and high ramparts, and not for security.\" So from the Ming Hong Wu for three years (year 1370) Xiazhao repair the city commenced, took eight years to complete, is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the Imperial City, to the North East, each expansion of the 1 / 4 points to build a form today\'s walls.Now we see the city wall is a thing long, short and long rectangular, 13.79 km circumference, an area of 11.5 square kilometers.Is a function of careful design, form the magnificent military defense facilities.I will give you down respectively building structure of the various parts of both the one one walls were introduced:

In front of the building to see the watchtower.A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.

Between the gate and building the watchtower, the formation of the half space, we called the barbican.Its role is if the enemy invaded the gates into the urn, when attacked by 4 urn face condescending, like wengzhongzhuobie.

We can see on the opposite side of the building is building, it is the innermost layer of the wall of building construction.Is building form style chongyanxieshan, he took command of the garrison is wartime command.

篇3：西安城墙景点简介

推荐第9篇：西安大清真寺英文导游词

¡¡¡¡the great mosque at huajue lane ¡¡¡¡the mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 moslems in xi¡¯an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the provincial people¡¯s government.unlike the arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the mosque here in xi¡¯an poees much chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to islamic mosques, this mosque also holds characteristics of chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.¡¡¡¡however, any further discuion about the mosque will be futile unle anything of the introduction of islam into china is brought up.¡¡¡¡islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century a.d.and was introduced to china in the mid-600s.at that time, arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of china by way of persia and afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with china.in the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through bangladesh bay and the malacca strait to china¡¯s guangzhou, quanzhou, huangzhou, yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became moslems.¡¡¡¡however, maive immigration of the moslems to china did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when genghis khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from central asia to eastern europe, including the north of iran.many of the moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in china.¡¡¡¡among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the hui people in the history books on the yuan dynasty.the hui people later followed kublai khan down to the south, helping him unifying china and then establish the yuan dynasty.in the wake of the conquest, islam spread all over china and mosques began to appear everywhere.in the yuan dynasty, many moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.and a lot of the moslems took part in zhu yuanzhang¡¯s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the ming dynasty.therefore, all the emperors of the dynasty iued mandates to protect islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the moslems for their feats.in the early 16th century, islam predominated qinghai on the minority nationalities including the huis, the uygurs, the kazaks, the kirgizes, the tajiks, the tartars, the ozbeks, the dong xiangs, the salars and the bonans.the moslems in xi¡¯an are mainly the huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in china.1 2 3

推荐第10篇：西安旅游景点英文介绍

西安旅游景点英文介绍

大雁塔 Great Wild Goose Pagoda

小雁塔 Small Wild Goose Pagoda

秦始皇兵马俑博物馆

Museum of Emperor Qinshihuang’s Tomb Figures of Soldiers and Horses

秦始皇陵 The Tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang

黄帝陵 The Huangdi Tomb

鼓楼 The Drum Tower

钟楼 The Bell Tower

西安城墙 The Xi’an Circumvallation

华清池 The Huaqing Pond

乾陵 The Qian Tomb

法门寺 The Famen Temple

黄河壶口瀑布 The Huanghe Hukou Waterfall

大唐芙蓉园 Lotus palace of Tang Dynasty

秦始皇陵兵马俑英文导游辞

Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum Emperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name.He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22.By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China\'s history. In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor.He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system.Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China\'s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor. After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system.He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures.To protect against harament by the Hun aristocrats.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built.All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture.They had a great and deep influence upon China\'s 2,000 year old feudal society. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty\'s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field.As a result, China\'s ancient claics had been devastated and destroy.Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive.Those events were later called in history “the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.”

Emperor Qin Shihuang, for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain.These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other.Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive. Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated.What looks like inside could only be known when it is opened.However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warrior excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s Mausoleum was. No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum.In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey.The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum.This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad.In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permiion of the State Council.The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979. No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep, covering a total area of 14,260 square meters.It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel.There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively.The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks.Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth.The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east.In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces.They are supposed to be the van of the formation.Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long.They are probably the main body of the formation.There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards.They are probably the flanks and the rear.There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is aumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit. No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed.The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten.But their shafts, cro yokes, and wheels, etc.left clear impreions on the earth bed.The copper parts of the chariots still remain.Each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long.According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor.The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirrups. No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation.Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits.The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick.In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken.Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army.All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country. The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest.They look healthy and strong and have different facial expreions.Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasty.They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on.The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted.As the terra-cotta figures have been burnt and have gone through the natural proce of decay, we can\'t see their original gorgeous colours.However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new.They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours. Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crobows and arrowheads.These weapons were exquisitely made.Some of themes are still very sharp; analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals.Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years.This indicates that Qin dynasty\'s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level. In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s Mausoleum.These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy.The four horses harneed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall.The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size. The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background.They have been fitted with more than 1,500 pieces of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful.Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang\'s soul to go on inspection.The bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology.For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation.According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling.The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty. No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated.After two-and-half years\' careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983.No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.大雁塔英文导游词

As the symbol of the old-line Xian, Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a well-preserved ancient building and a holy place for Buddhists.It is located in the southern suburb of Xian City, about 4 kilometers (2.49 miles) from the downtown of the city.Standing in the Da Ci\'en Temple complex, it attracts numerous visitors for its fame in the Buddhist religion, its simple but appealing style of construction, and its new square in front of the temple.It is rated as a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve as well as an AAAA Tourist Attraction.

This attraction can be divided into three parts: the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Da Ci\'en Temple, and the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

Big Wild Goose Pagoda

Originally built in 652 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.

Xuanzang started off from Chang\'an (the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism.Enduring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics.Having gotten the permiion of Emperor Gaozong (628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci\'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it.With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation.Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled \'Pilgrimage to the West\' in the Tang Dynasty, to which scholars attached great importance.

First built to a height of 60 meters (197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters (211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories.It was said that after that addition came the saying-\'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda\'.Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction.Built of brick, its structure is very firm.Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey.On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty.Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.

As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend.According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo.One day, they couldn\'t find meat to buy.Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself: \'Today we have no meat.I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.\' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground.All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious.They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped eating meat.Hence it got the name \'Big Wild Goose Pagoda\'.

Da Ci\'en Temple

Da Ci\'en Temple is the home of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.In 648, to commemorate the dead virtuous queen, royalty ordered the building of a temple named \'Ci\'en\' (Mercy and Kindne), for which the status and scale far exceeded all others.Today, with an area of 32,314 square meters (38,648.5 square yards), one seventh of the original area, it still retains its grandeur.

Before the temple, there stands a statue of hierarch Xuanzang, the meritorious hierarch.Walking on and acro a small bridge, visitors will see the gates of the temple.With guarding lions, the temple seems stately for lions were said to function as talismans.

Entering the temple you will see two buildings-Bell Tower in the east and Drum Tower in the west.Inside the Bell Tower hangs an iron bell 15 tons (14.76 gro tons) in weight.It was molded in 1548 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).Along the central axis are arranged the Hall of Mahavira, Sermon Hall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang.In the Hall of Mahavira are three carved statues of Sakyamuni, and 18 arhats as well as Xuanzang.The Sermon Hall is where Buddhist disciples would listen to a sermon.A bronze statue of Amitabha is dedicated and a Buddha statue is collected by Xuanzang as oblation.The Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang is north of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.In this hall are Xuanzang\'s relic and a bronze statue of a seated Xuanzang.The inner wall is chiseled with murals depicting this hierarch\'s story.Renowned as the contemporary Dunhuang Buddhist storehouse praised by UNESCO, it is the biggest memorial of Xuanzang.

North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda

Surrounding Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the scenery is also quite charming, especially the square north of the Da Ci\'en Temple.Covering about 110,000 square meters (131563 square yards) plus 20,000 square meters (23920.6 square yards) of water area, it holds many records: in Asia, it is the biggest Tang-culture square, the biggest fountain and waterscape square, and the largest-scale sculptures area.In the world, it has the most benches, the longest light-belt, and the largest-scale acoustic complex.

The entire square is composed of waterscape fountains, a cultural square, gardens and tourist paths.There you can taste real Chinese culture and traditions and fully enjoy the truly attractive views.With reliefs on the theme of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, 200-meter-long (656-foot-long) sculpture groups, 8 groups of sculpted figures, 40 relievos on the land, and 22 styles of musical fountains, it has become a must-see when you visit Big Wild Goose

第11篇：陕西西安华清池英文导游词

陕西西安华清池英文导游词

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of

Xi’an.Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction

of the Li Palace on the spot.In the Qin dynasty a pool was built

with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot

Spring).The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and

renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace).In the Tang dynasty, Li

Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring

Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around

Lishan Mountain in the year of 747.It was known as the Huaqing

Palace.It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location

on the hot springs.

Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a

branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high.It

is covered with pines and cyprees, looking very much like a like a

dark green galloping horse from a long distance.So it has the name

of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).

The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang

Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter

days.When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and

everything in sight was white.However, they came into thaw

immediately in front of the hall.It owed a great deal to the luke

warm vapour rising out of the hot spring.This is the Frost Drifting

Hall that greets us today.

Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool.

According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by

a severe drought in the very remote past.Thus, by the order of the

Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at

the head of eight young ones, and made rain here.Yet when the

disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it

became serious again.In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the

young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow

Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it

respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day

long to meet the needs of local irrigation.Besides, he had the old

dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside

Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged

him to exercise control over the young.

The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly

to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water

surface.In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine

Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths).At

the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would

come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of

the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to

its close.The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with

crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish,

dragons, birds and flowers.In it twin lotus flowers also carved

with white jade could be seen as well.The spring water welled from

the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers.

Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).

The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan

Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath.It was originally built

with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water

like a spring.The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering

crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring

or the Lotus Hot Spring..

Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to

air her hair after a bath.Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing

Pavilion.Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was

aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.

Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built

pavilion.On its head three big Chinese characters “Xi Jia Lou”

(Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of

the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated

Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring

water.

At this spa there are four hot springs.They have an hourly flow

of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C.The spring water

contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals,

which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of

quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and

muscular pain.The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first

source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years

ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Its water flow averages 25

tons per hour.

Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will

gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a

temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.

The Xi’an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also

known as the Double Twelfth Incident.After the Incident of

September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three

provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of

North China.This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation.

Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his

reactionary policy “domestic tranquility is a must for the

resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast

Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and

Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.

Inspired by our Party’s policy “let us stop the internal war and

unit to resist the Japanese aggreors,” those two generals made to

Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the

Communist Party for the resistance.Not only did he reject the

proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the “suppreion of the

Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth.Out of

patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi’an Incident.

Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was

impending.Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a

squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool.They fought a

fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one

vigorous effort.The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he

was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown

and slippers only.What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost

one of his slippers while croing over the back wall.He staggered

up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice

halfway on it.Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain

immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find

that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt

remained warm.In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus

escorted him to Xi’an.

In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national

united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf

of the C.C.P.C.insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident.

Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an.Zhou

Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took

everything poible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang

Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals.On December 25,

Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing.The Xi’an Incident was

so peacefully settled.

The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal

war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation

and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese

drive.Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships

between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage.It

marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.

In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a “National

Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek

had hidden himself in the Incident.It was also called “Vital Energy

Pavilion”.After the national liberation it was renamed “Catching

Chiang Pavilion”.Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which

carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident.Iron chains and

rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can

climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.

Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch

sight of a bridge-like construction.It shines regularly with a

myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very

much like rainbow.So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.

Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the

Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou

Dynasty seem easy to identify.

The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to

give border alarm in ancient times.It was constantly under special

control.Once the enemies were preing on towards the border, the

beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the

daytime while set on fire at night.

The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was

highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile.King You tried many

ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again.

He “called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and she

pulled a long face.Then the band were asked to “play the bamboo

flute and strings” and she remained displeased.Afterwards, “maids

of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did

not let out a smile at all.

“You don’t like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King

asked.

“I nearly have a liking for nothing.But I can still well remember

I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk

when I was a child.It was clear anf melodious,” she replied.King

You said in excitement, “That is very simple.How come you didn’t

let me know it earlier?”

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer

coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear

it into pieces.Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly

torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.

“Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.

“I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.

The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in

the end he gave orders, “Anyone both in and out of court who can

amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and

offered advice: “Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your

sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan

Mountain by carriage, and gave the order.In the split second the

flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved

their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain.There they found

nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively.The

King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that “Everything

should have been all right.I have just been joking with you.” When

they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left

disappointed.Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her

hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily.

Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold.

Later on King You did so more often than not.In 771 B.C.Quan Rong

(a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the

Western Zhou Dynasty.King You ordered urgently to set the beacon

tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved.

Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away.The

Western Zhou dynasty vanished.Herein come the Chinese idiom “A

single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and “The sovereign

rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.\"

第12篇：陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government.Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an poees much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

However, any further discuion about the Mosque will be futile unle anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.

Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D.and was introduced to China in the mid-600s.At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China.In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, maive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran.Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.

Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty.The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty.In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere.In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty.Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty iued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats.In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans.The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.

The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.

According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty.However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a poible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty.The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures.The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years.The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque.On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty.They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy.At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored.It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty.A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship.Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out.The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services.And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services.The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings.The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name.Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2.Acro both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once.There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings.The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.

The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world.They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night.Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home.Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes.They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”.According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out.However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veile when they go out.Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinle in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.

The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted.And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

第13篇：陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

TheGreatMosqueatHuajueLane

TheMosqueisamajorspotforreligiousactivitiesofover60.000MoslemsinXi’an,likewise,animportantculturalrelicprotectedbytheprovincialpeople’sGovernment.UnliketheArabicmosques,withsplendiddomes,theminaretsreachingintotheclouds,thecoulourfulengravedsketcheswithdazzlingpatterns,theMosquehereinXi’anpoeesmuchChinesetraditionaltouchinbothitsdesignandartisticoutlook;besidesthestylepeculiartoIslamicmosques,thisMosquealsoholdscharacteristicsofChinesepavilionswithpaintedbeamsandengravedridgepoles.

However,anyfurtherdiscuionabouttheMosquewillbefutileunleanythingoftheintroductionofIslamintoChinaisbroughtup.

Islamasareligiousorderwasfoundedintheearlyperiodofthe7thcenturyA.D.andwasintroducedtoChinainthemid-600s.Atthattime,ArabianmerchantsandtravelerscametothenorthwestofChinabywayofpersiaandAfghanistanandthusestablisheddiplomatic,trade,andmilitarycontactswithChina.Inthemeantime,anotherroutesawabatchofseavoyagersthroughBangladeshBayandtheMalaccaStraittoChina’sGuangzhou,Quanzhou,Huangzhou,YangzhouandothercitieswheremanyofthemsettleddownandmarriedthelocalwomenwholatergavebirthtobabieswhothenbecameMoslems.

However,maiveimmigrationoftheMoslemstoChinadidnottakeplaceuntilaslateastheearlyperiodofthe13thcentury,whenGenghisKhan,asaresultofhisexpeditionagainstthewest,hadconqueredvastexpansesoflandstretchingfromCentralAsiatoEasternEurope,includingthenorthofIran.ManyoftheMoslemsintheconqueredareaswerethusforcedtoenlistandlatersettledinChina.

Amongtheenlistedmanyweresoldiers,andsomeweresmithsandofficialswhowerecalledtheHuipeopleinthehistorybooksontheYuandynasty.TheHuipeoplelaterfollowedKublaiKhandowntothesouth,helpinghimunifyingChinaandthenestablishtheYuandynasty.Inthewakeoftheconquest,IslamspreadalloverChinaandmosquesbegantoappeareverywhere.IntheYuandynasty,manyMoslemsheldpositionsbothinthemilitaryandcivilianorgansofthecountry.AndalotoftheMoslemstookpartinZhuYuanzhang’suprisingintheearly14thcenturyandmadegreatcontributionstothefoundingoftheMingDynasty.Therefore,alltheemperorsoftheDynastyiuedmandatestoprotectIslam,andtosetupmosquesinpraiseoftheMoslemsfortheirfeats.Intheearly16thcentury,IslampredominatedQinghaiontheminoritynationalitiesincludingtheHuis,theUygurs,theKazaks,theKirgizes,theTajiks,theTartars,theOzbeks,theDongXiangs,theSalarsandtheBonans.TheMoslemsinXi’anaremainlytheHuis,beingasmallportionoutofthetenmillioninChina.

TheMosqueatHuaJueLaneisthelargestinXi’an,andatthesametime,itisalsooneoftheearliestbuiltonacomparativelylargescale,andwellpreservedmosquesinChina.

Accordingto“theSteleontheBuildingoftheMosque”,themosqueiaidtobebuiltintheTangDynasty.However,thearchitecturalstyleofthemosquesuggestsapoiblebuildingdatingbacktotheMingDynasty.Thefourcourtyardsofthemosquecoveranareaofmorethan12,000squaremeters,outofwhichabout4,000areoccupiedbyvarioutructures.Thestillintactwoodenfrontmemorialgatewayofthefrontyard,builtattheturnofthe17thcentury,withglazedtilesonthetop,spectacularcornersandupturnedeaves,isabout9metreshigh,andhasahistoryofabout360years.Thestonememorialgatewayinthecenterofthesecondcourtyardisflankedwithatailsteleoneithersidewithdragonscarvedoneach,recordingtherepairworkeversincethebuildingoftheMosque.OnthebackofoneofthestelesareengravedcharactersbythemastercalligrapherMiFu,“MayBuddhismFilltheUniverse”,ontheother,“Royal-Bestowed”byDongQichang,anothermasterofthesameartoftheMingdynasty.TheyaretreasuresinChinesecalligraphy.Attheentranceofthethirdcourtyardisanimperialbuilthall,wherea“monthtablet”,showingthecalculationoftheHuiCalendarsinArabic,itored.ItwascompiledbyamaninchargeofthemosquecalledXiaoMiningintheearlyperiodoftheQingdynasty.Athree–storeyedoctagonalwoodenstructurecalled“RetrospectionTower”alsostandsinthecenterofthecourtyard,whichhasthesamefunctionastheminaretinIslamictemplesinArabiccountries,andwhichisaplacefromwhereordersweresenttocalltheMoslemstocometoworship.Respectively,onthesouthandnorthwingsofthetower,areareceptionchamberandaScriptureChamber,bothelegantlylaidout.Thefivewoodenhouses,whicharecalled“WaterHouses”inthesouthwestsectionoftheMosquearetheplacewherethebelieversbathethemselvesbeforetheyattendtheirservices.Andinsidethefourthcourtyardthereisastructurecalled“thepavilionofphoenix”,aplacewheretheworshipersusedtowaitfortheservices.Thepavilion,infact,isacompoundstructureofthreesmallbuildings.Thesix-gabledstructureofthecentralpart,adjoiningthetwothree-gabledbuildingsoneachsidelooksverymuchlikeaflyingphoenix,andhenceitsname.Justatthebackofthepavilion,thereisafishpond,beyondwhichisaplatformoccupyinganareaaslargeas700m2.Acrobothendsoftheplatformstandsthe1,300squaremeteredservicehall,holdingoverathousandworshipersatonce.Thereareoversixhundredsunkpanelswellasthesunkpanels,aredecoratedwithpatternsofpaintedtrailingplantsandArabicletterings.Theimamleadshisgroupofworshipers,whilefacinginthedirectionofMecca,tochantinKoranandtopaytheirreligioushomage.

TheMoslemsinChinashareverymuchthesamecustomswiththeirbrothersandsisterselsewhereintheworld.Theyworshipfivetimesaday:atdawn,atnoon,intheafternoon,atdusk,andatnight.Femaleworshipersattendtheirservicesinaseparatedplacefromtheirbrothers,usuallyathome.Moslemspayspecialattentiontotheirhealthandseethattheyalwayswearcleanclothes.Theyareteetotalersnotonlyofwine,butalsoofporkandanimalbloodforinKoranpigshavebeenmentionedfourtimesasbeing“unclean”.AccordingtoKoran,amancanhavefourwivesandwomenshouldwearveilswhentheygoout.However,exceptafewplacesinXinjiang,theChinesepractisemonogamyandwomenareveilewhentheygoout.Uponhisdeath,aMoslemhastobe“thoroughlycleaned”(thoroughlybathed),hastobeputon“KeFan”(tobeshroudedwithapieceofwhitecloth)andhastobeburiedcoffinleintheground,withanimamrecitingScripturesatthefuneral.

TheChineseconstitutionpromulgatesthatfreedomofreligionofeachcitizenandfreedomofpreservingorreforminglocalcustomsforeverynationalityarepermitted.Andofcourse,theMoslemsinChinaenjoyequalrightswithpeoplesofothernationalitiesandtheirreligiousbeliefsandcustomsarerespectedeverywhereinthecountr

第14篇：陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词

陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词

Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum Emperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name.He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22.By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor.He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system.Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system.He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures.To protect against harament by the Hun aristocrats.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built.All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture.They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field.As a result, China’s ancient claics had been devastated and destroy.Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive.Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.” Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain.These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other.Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated.What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened.However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.

No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum.In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey.The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum.This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad.In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permiion of the State Council.The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979.No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters.It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel.There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively.The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks.Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth.The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east.In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces.They are supposed to be the van of the formation.Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long.They are probably the main body of the formation.There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards.They are probably the flanks and the rear.There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is aumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed.The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten.But their shafts, cro yokes, and wheels, etc.left clear impreions on the earth bed.The copper parts of the chariots still remain.Each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long.According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor.The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.

No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation.Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits.The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick.In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken.Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army.All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest.They look healthy and strong and have different facial expreions.Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy.They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on.The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted.As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural proce of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours.However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new.They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crobows and arrowheads.These weapons were exquisitely made.Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals.Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years.This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.

In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum.These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy.The four horses harneed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall.The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background.They have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful.Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection.The bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology.For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation.According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling.The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty.No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated.After two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983.No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.

第15篇：西安碑林博物馆英文导游词(最新)

西安碑林

Good morning, Ladies and gentlemen.Today we are going to visit the treasure house of ancient calligraphy and stone carving art of China, the Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets, which is located at the site of Confucian temple in SanXue Street, Xi’an.This museum was set up in 1087 and it collected more than 3000 stone tablets from the Han dynasty through the Qing dynasty.The whole area consists of 3 parts: Confucian temple, exhibition of stone tablets and stone carvings.//总述

Here we can see this museum is very beautiful because it used the tradition Chinese courtyard style.So compared with other places, this museum is always quite peaceful and very silence.Now I’d like to take this temple as an example to talk a little bit about Confucian, the great philosopher, educationist, politician in feudal society.And he was highly respected by Chinese.In order to show the respect for him, all the Confucian temple have no gate facing south, as this one showing only the gate open to the east and west what we called the gate of righteousne and courtesy respectively.//简介孔子

Ok, now this way please.Inside this museum, we can see a wooden Memorial arch standing here; its Chinese name is “PaiLou”.It is set up to honor or commemorate a distinguished person; as we continue our walking, now we are on the bridge over pond in half circle which is special structure of Confucian temple, in the ancient time only those students who paed state examination would be allowed to pa here.//太和元气坊，畔池

Now let’s go through the stone gate in the middle which was only for high ranks in the past.Here we can see two national treasures.On the west side there is a stone horse which was one of few relics of DaXia short period.The Da xia period is a very short period in Chinese history, and there are lots of wars at that time.It’s difficult to find relics of this time, so it’s very precious.In the east pavilion there is the JingYun Bell which was cast in 711AD and was moved here from JingLong Taoist temple.This Bell is unique in 3 aspects: first: it has exquisitely carving with phoenix and dragons.Second, it has beautiful sound which was recorded by CCTV and was played on New Years’ eve to welcome the New Year’s coming.Third, it has unique epigraph.//大夏石马，景云钟

Now we are going to visit 7 major stone tablet exhibition rooms.In front of the first exhibition room, we can see the stone-base Claic of Filial piety which is the largest and earliest one in this museum.It stands about 6 meters high and was made up of 35 pieces of blue stones.It was engraved in 745AD and annotated by LiLongJi(the 7th emperor of Tang dynasty).He wrote the preface to show his wish to manage the country by advocating the principles of Filial piety.//石台孝经

In the first room, let’s see the most completed and heaviest books in the world “The KaiCheng stone Claics” which was the doctrine of the Confucius and “must readings” for all the intellectuals in feudal society.In the past, copying was the popular way for students who study the doctrines.To prevent copying errors, emperor Tang Wenzong employed many sculptors to carve the 12 claics on stone tablets for the students to get the rubbings from them.With another claic “Mencius” carved in Qing dynasty together we call “13 claics”.//开成石经

In the second room, we can see many stone tablets of calligraphy in Tang dynasty.And the most famous one is the Nestorian Tablet.This tablet is also a national treasure, as it was the first one in Syrian characters that recorded Nestorians (one sect of Christianity) was introduced into China from Roman Empire in 635AD.It describes its eence, ceremony, and activities in China.//大秦景教流行中国碑 In the third room, various style of Chinese calligraphy can be seen on stone tablets such as the seal script, the official script, regular script, running hand and cursive hand.Let me give you very brief introduction of the development of Chinese characters.The seal scripts were only popular in Qin dynasty, and it was difficult for us to reading and writing.Based on that, new forms were created: they are the official and regular scripts.This was easy to remember because today we are still using it and it is popular to everybody.Running and cursive hand were also boldly used by some calligraphers at that time, it is quite different to control.//中国文字字体发展简史 The rest exhibition rooms house calligraphy and paintings, literatures and poems from different dynasties, And in the court yard you can see many stone stakes with animals or figures carved on the top.In the past, they are for tying horses as well as for decoration.Ok, this way please.We are going to see the stone carving gallery.The stone carvings here are the masterpiece of stone arts from Han and Tang dynasty that arranged in chronological order.It can be divided into two parts: those are found from tombs and those are related to religions.Here, I’d like to introduce the six famous steeds for you.They are so beautiful and vivid, also, they were the best friends of Tang emperor Tai zong (the second emperor of Tang dynasty), because they kept their master in safe each time when they wounded with arrows on battle.In memory of his horses, Tang emperor Tai zong had them carved in relief to company his tomb.However, it’s very pity that two of the pieces were miing; now they are kept in the museum of university of Pennsylvania.//石刻艺术室(昭陵六骏) Ok, everyone, so much for this today.We still have some free time.So next, you may look around and take some pictures.We’ll leave at 11o’clock, so please don’t be late.You know I will mi you.And I’ll stay here, if you have any question, please ask me.By the way, watch your step please! So next, it’s your turn.Enjoy yourself and thank you for listening.//结束

第16篇：西安碑林英文导游词Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets

Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets Good morning, Ladies and gentlemen.I am your local guide.Today we are going to visit the treasure house of ancient calligraphy and stone carving art of China, the Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets, which is located at the site of Confucian temple in San Xue Street, Xi’an city.This museum collected more than 3000 stone tablets from the Han dynasty through the Qing dynasty.The whole area consists of 3 parts: Confucian temple, exhibition of stone tablets and stone carvings.//总述

As we all know, the Confucius, the great philosopher, educationist in feudal society.And he was highly respected by Chinese.In order to show the respect for him, all the Confucian temple have no gate facing south, the gate open to the east and west what we called the gate of righteousne and courtesy respectively.//简介孔子

Ok, now this way please.now, we can see a wooden Memorial arch standing here; its Chinese name is “PaiLou”.It is set up to commemorate a distinguished person; as we continue our walking, now we are on the bridge over pond in half circle It is a special structure of Confucian temple.In the ancient time only those students who paed the state examination would be allowed to pa here.//太和元气坊，畔池

Now let’s go through the stone gate in the middle which was only for high ranks in the past.Here we can see two national treasures.On the west side there is a stone horse which was one of few relics of DaXia short period.In the east pavilion there is the JingYun Bell .This Bell is unique in 3 aspects: first: it has exquisitely carving with phoenix and dragons.Second, it has beautiful sound which was recorded by CCTV and was played on New Years’ eve to welcome the New Year’s coming.Third, it has unique epigraph.//大夏石马，景云钟

Ok , now we are going to visit 7 major stone tablet exhibition rooms.In front of the first exhibition room, we can see the stone-base Claic of Filial piety which is the largest and earliest one in this museum.It stands about 6 meters high and was made up of 35 pieces of blue stones.It was engraved and annotated by LiLongJi.He wrote the preface to show his wish to manage the country by advocating the principles of Filial piety.//石台孝经

In the first room, we will see the most completed and heaviest books in the world “The KaiCheng stone Claics” which was the doctrine of the Confucius and “must readings” for all the intellectuals in feudal society.In the past, copying was the popular way for students who study the doctrines.To prevent copying errors, it was carved on stone tablets.With another claic “Mencius” carved in Qing dynasty together we call it “13 claics”.//开成石经

In the second room, we can see many stone tablets of calligraphy written by famous calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty.Up to today, these tablets have served as models for learners of calligraphy to follow.For example, the“ Tablet to Doubao Pagoda ” by Yan Zhenqing (颜真卿多宝塔碑).And the world famous tablet is “the Nestorian Tablet” which was recorded the spread of Nestorians into China from Roman Empire.It provides valuable data for the study of the cultural exchanges between China and other countries.It decribes the Nestorian eence, ceremony, and activities in China during the Tang dynasty.It also bears the names of many miionaries(传教士) and records some incidents by Syrian.//大秦景教流行中国碑

In the third room, various style of Chinese calligraphy can be seen on stone tablets such as the seal script, the official script, regular script, running hand and cursive hand.Let me give you very brief introduction of the development of Chinese characters.The seal scripts were only popular in Qin dynasty, and it was difficult to read and write.Based on that, new forms were created: they are the official and regular scripts.This was easy to remember and today we still use them.Running and cursive hand were also boldly used by some calligraphers at that time.The“Tablet to Cao Quan”(汉曹全碑) was inscribed in official script.And this is the 1, 000-character Stone Tablet(断千字文) in cursive script from Monk huai su.//中国文字字体发展简史

The rest exhibition rooms house calligraphy and paintings, literatures and poems from different dynasties, such as Kuixing Diandou Tu, Guandi Shizhu Tu.And in the court yard, you can see many stone stakes with animals or figures carved on the top.In the past, they are for tying horses as well as for decoration.Ok, now we are in the stone carving gallery.It can be divided into two parts: mausoleum carvings and religious carvings.The pair of stone

animals,called “pi xie(辟邪)” and “tian lu”(天禄)，used to be placed in front of a mausoleum to protect it from the attack of evils.Here, I’d like to introduce the six famous steeds for you.They were sculpted in memory of the six horses, which had served the emperor,li shimin ,in constant wars.In memory of his horses, emperor Tang Tai zong had them carved to company his tomb.Two of the horses, known as \"Saluzi\" and \"Quanmaogwa”, are reproductions.The original works are now displayed in the Museum of Pennsylvania.//石刻艺术室(昭陵六骏) Now we come to the last section with both Buddhist and Taoist sculptures.Here, this carving of Bodda(菩萨像) belongs to the Sui Dynasty.And this is a statue of Li Er（老君像）, the founder of the theory of Taoism, a religion of the Han nationality. Ok, everyone, so much for this today.We still have some free time.We’ll leave at 2 o’clock, so please do not be late! And I’ll stay here, if you have any questions, you can ask me.By the way, watch your step please! Ok, it’s your turn.You can look around and enjoy yourselves.Thank you for lestening.

第17篇：西安

西安

西安，是一座历史悠久的城市。漫步西安，气象万千的名胜映入眼帘：新石器时代的村落遗址半坡博物馆，世界八大奇迹秦始皇兵马俑，佛教古刹大雁塔，中国先保存最完整的城墙明城墙。这些，都充分展现出西安丰厚的文化底蕴。

西安，是座美丽的城市。它它依山傍水，北临渭河，南依终南山。以险峻着称的西岳华山就坐落在它的东称的西岳华山就坐落在它的东北方。西安城内，有古香古色的钟楼、鼓楼，有蕴涵书法艺术精髓的碑林。长安八景和山水园林交织，装点着这座美丽的城市。

西安，是座繁华的城市。高新技术开发区有鳞次节比的工厂、商店。西安还有风味独特的小吃：牛羊肉泡馍、葫芦头等。当夜幕降临的时候，五颜六色的霓虹灯争放异彩，把西安点缀得更加美丽。

西安，我爱你。我爱你悠久的历史，爱你秀丽的风景，更爱你欣欣向荣的今天。

第18篇：西安

西安

西安是一座美丽的城市，是陕西省省会。

钟楼在西安市的中心，灰墙。绿瓦。又高又大。钟楼四周围绕着东大街。西大街。南大街。北大街。东大街人山人海，有的人在买包。有的人在买衣服。有的人在买鞋子。还有的人在逛商场。

西安有许多名胜古迹，比如大雁塔。小雁塔。大雁塔的外观跟小雁塔的很相似，它们俩像姊妹。城墙上，是明朝防御敌人修建的。它弯弯曲曲，真像一条清澈见底的河。

大雁塔广场上有各种各样的喷泉，有像彩虹的喷泉。有像花炮的喷泉，有的小喷泉突然蹦出来像小蘑菇一样吓人一跳。喷泉随着响亮的音乐一起一伏。夏天的晚上广场上来来往往的人数也数不清，热闹极了。

西安真美呀！我们爱西安，我们爱我们的家乡！

西安市新城区公园北路昆仑小学二年级∶崔陶然

指导老师：薛艳

第19篇：西安

外地户口在西安市办理二手房过户需要哪些手续？提问时间：2013-08-02 11:21:32 您好！在西安市购买二手房，首先需要进行购房资格审核，审核通过后，才能办理房屋过户手续。目前，西安市二手房过户流程如下：

1、甲乙双方在敲定房屋成交价格、交房日期、过户时间后首先应填写制式的房地产买卖契约。

2、申请人填写西安市私有房屋权属登记申请书，按房产证内容填写房屋权属情况。

3、权利人或申请人持房产证所有权证，身份证到房管局二楼进行查档，然后调取房屋分层分户平面图。

4、持上述所有资料到西大街116号西安市房地产交易中心一楼大厅私房科办理房产过户手续。要求权利人（持身份证、结婚证）和共有人（持身份证、结婚证）、申请人（持身份证、结婚证）到场，填写询问笔录并在工作人员面前签字按手印，工作人员进行录入，受理。然后领取房屋权属转移登记业务受理单，凭此单在20个工作日后缴纳契税、鉴证费后领取房屋所有权证。

西安办理二手房过户手续必须夫妻二人均在场

2013年03月08日07:37阳阳光讯近日，由于二手房交易税将要提高，很多市民为了在新政还没有落实执行前降低成本，抓紧办理过户手续。

那么二手房过户流程有哪些？昨日，记者前去西安市二手房交易中心询问了工作人员及刚刚办理完过户手续的市民。

二手房过户，需夫妻到场

昨日，记者在西安市二手房交易中心，工作人员表示:办理二手房过户，卖方需要的材料有夫妻双方身份证、结婚证、私章、房产证、双方到场。买方需要的材料有，身份证、结婚证（未婚者，需要出示单身证明），户口本和户口本复印件，个人私章。“把这些材料带齐了，就可以了”工作人员说道。同时，刚办完二手房过户手续的王先生对记者说：“我刚买了一套二手房，对这些流程很清楚。” 房管中心延至18时下班

记者获悉，近日为缓解骤然增大的二手房转移登记压力，房产交易管理中心启动应急预案。新增两个二手房转移登记窗口，缩短群众等候时间；下班时间由17时推迟至18时，力争做到当天受理，加快办理，不拖件，不压件；新增一台叫号机，分流办件群众；为大厅一楼咨询台增加3名工作人员，在大厅二楼增设税收政策咨询台，及时解答群众咨询；增加安保力量，维护场内秩序，防范突发事件，确保大厅工作安全有序运行。办理二手房过户程序二手房交易如此过户

第一步：买方去二手房交易中心申请购房资格证明。

第二步：审批过后第三天，买方持夫妻双方的身份证、结婚证（未婚者，需要出示单身证明），户口本和户口本复印件，个人私章，购房具体地址（精细到几栋几单元几户），去二手房交易中心领取《二手房购房申请表》。

第三步：办理完手续后，和卖方一起去二手房交易中心办理过户转让手续，需要签署转让房屋合同，卖方和买方携带详细齐全的的材料。

第四步：二手房交易中心现场查档，查房屋产权是否清晰、有无抵押、查封。

第五步：购房未满五年，买方需根据房子大小缴纳营业税、个税、契税。（交易中心二楼办理地税）第六步：需要20个工作日后，买方拿身份证原件取房证。

二手房交易税费二手房交易税费是指在二手房交易中，税务部门向卖方征收交易所产生的差价获得的收入。各类税收共有8种，包括：营业税、个人所得税、土地增值税、印花税、城建税、教育附加税、地方附加税、契税。

第20篇：西安考察报告

西安考察报告

6月21日凌晨我们坐上了驶向西安的火车，开始了我们大学生涯的最后一次写生考察。记得一句话“一座城市的历史就是一个民族的历史”。西安，这座中国历史文化的首善之都，以世代传承的雍容儒雅，博学智慧，大气恢弘，成为中国历史的底片，中国文化的名片之一。一直就想去西安，看看13朝古都，拥有着在古历史上“西罗马，东长安”的地位的西安，而今作为旅游者的我们能体会到多少。

6月23日上午，将近两天的旅途，列车到达古都西安，当我们走出西安火车站，古城墙立即映入眼帘，立刻感受到西安难掩的王城气概，一扫旅途的劳累，充满新奇和期待，很快的融入这古都的大气、厚重的历史氛围之中。

很快我们就坐上了回宾馆的公交上，经过多年的发展，西安已经从一个单纯的充满文化气息的古城，衍变成了又充满着时尚氛围的现代化大都市，穿越城墙，看着城内城外，古老与现代在这里结合出特别的风格。到达宾馆后我们组收拾好行装先行踏上了西安这片旅程。我们到达西安的第一站就是位于古城西安中部的钟楼，也许比较幸运，刚进入钟楼我们就欣赏到钟楼里面具有特色的表演，大家都不约而同的拿起手中的各种拍摄工具记录着这一刻，即使表演的时间不是很长，但是大家都很有感触。接着我们一行人来到了大雁塔——思古人初到西安这样的大城市,完全迷失于这城市的古韵之中,大雁塔是现存最著名的古塔,被视为古城的象征。在塔中随处可见古人的留诗题名。在唐代“雁塔题名”是学子们的梦想。每次科举考试之后,新科进士除了戴花骑马游遍长安之外,还要雁塔等高,象征由此步步升高,平步青云。唐代伟大诗人白居易考中进士,登上雁塔,写下了“慈恩塔下提名处,十七人中最少年”。站到最高层,分别四个不同的角度往外看去,各拥有独特的风景,古长安的棋盘状的形状映入眼帘,不得感叹这是一座特别的古城。

第二天，我们在老师的带领下兴致勃勃的来到了大明宫国家遗址公园参观学习，感受至深的就是大明宫的宏伟气势，仅核心区域就占地3.5平方公里，相当于现今北京故宫的4.5倍。原宫墙周长为7.6公里，四面共有11座门，已探明的殿台楼亭等遗址有40余处。不仅是唐长安城规模最大的一处宫殿区。大明宫也是历代规模最大、建设最完备、皇帝朝寝时间最长的宫城，是国家统治中心和象征，是唐代建筑文化和宫室制度的典型代表。但是唯一遗憾的是我们组没有赶上大明宫里面的表演，听说表演很震撼所以我们甚是遗憾。

第三天我们参观了秦兵马俑，法国总统希拉克曾留言说过：“世界上原有七大奇迹，秦兵马俑的发现，可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔．不算真正到过埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”美国前副总统蒙代尔也说；“这是真正的奇迹。全世界人民都应该到这里看一看。”从这些高度凝练的话语中，我们不难看出秦俑的历史价值及艺术价值。观看后秦始皇兵马俑,你就不能感叹古人那超越的智慧,同时也为身为今人的自己感到强烈的自卑和鄙视。秦始皇兵马俑的发现同样具有很强的偶然性,或许是秦始皇想早点让世人见识下秦代的繁荣和昌盛吧,刚出土的陶俑和铜马车,颜色鲜明,形象逼真,连头发丝都可清晰可见,我们不得感叹到现今的我们为何就再也建造不出这么高技术含量的工艺品呢？带着这个问题,我恋恋不舍地离开了秦始皇兵马俑。

接下来的几天我们依次参观了华清池、历史博物馆、大唐芙蓉园、骊山、西安世博园、回民街等等。说道回民街不得不说说这里的小吃了，回民街是西安最著名的小吃街，南北走向平行的巷子两条，之间还有两条东西走向的平行巷子(北端一条叫大皮院，中间一条叫羊市口)。四条连在一起大体像个“門”字。来到这里不得不吃泡馍不过这里的泡馍我觉得有点贵要20多元一碗，建议大家去的时候尝尝就行了，再就是盛家麻酱酿皮——西安市最好吃的凉皮。大皮院最西头。每到中午一点多就打烊了。卖完为止。4元一份，实惠好吃。这家店做凉皮用的麻汁特别香，定家小酥肉——紧挨着盛家凉皮，也在大皮院最西头。有点像把肉炸过再加工，有点油但肉很嫩，16块一份，米饭1元。一般都是酿皮+小酥肉一起吃，所以三个女生的话一般是各要一份就够了。很划算滴，小贾家八宝粥——大皮院东段路北边。吃完酿皮往东走，走5分钟左右，快到巷子口了。这家店的酸梅汤味道相当正啊!是用酸梅熬出来的，不是用酸梅粉泡的——泡的一般发黑色。贾三灌汤包——回民街主街，鼓楼往北走，路东。好多名人吃过的店。其实个人感觉一般般。朋友很喜欢吃。没有很惊喜的味道，但是也不会失望。提醒各位夹那块面疙瘩，比较不容易把包子弄破，包子皮太薄了。三德隆——回民街主街北端，路东。做炒菜不错，菜单与实物十分符合，所以按照菜单点就可以了。强烈推荐“醋粉”。凉糕——大米蒸出来的，一共两种。一种是白米、另一种是夹豆沙还是枣泥的，外面沾满了芝麻。用绳子切断。浇上玫瑰酱和蜂蜜，香香甜甜的。没有店面，推三轮车上面加个玻璃柜台的就是。常常在羊市口东头那个阿姨那里买。刘纪孝腊牛羊肉——羊市口最西端，每天都排着长队啊。如果想带回家，可以抽成真空包装。接下来再说说，口碑相传很不错的店：东南亚甑糕——像粽子一样，但有好多的枣。放在比缸还大的锅里蒸出来的，觉得没有以前好吃了。羊市口最西头。文文烤肉——大皮院中段，路南。麻乃混沌——大皮院中段，路南。红红酸菜炒米——就是炒米饭里加了些酸菜，个人不喜欢。老马家腊牛羊肉、贾永信腊牛羊肉——没吃过，但都说不错。

西安，这座历史古城、中原文化的发祥地、历代王朝竞相建都的地方，短短的几天时间，确实无法领略全部的旅游景点，但是我们有了不小的收获。而这次考察亦给我们留下了深刻的印象。不仅提升了我们对古代伟大的艺术珍品观光和欣赏，而且对我们的艺术欣赏观和审美观都有很大的帮助。也正因为如此，才让我对古城艺术更加的了解，不仅仅从中学习到，雕刻美，书法美，绘画美，图案美等等。以后的创作中也回有所感悟，将明间艺术与我们的作品相结合，这样我们的作品才有品位。

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