河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
轴载与胎压对轮胎接地行为影响研究
摘 要
轮胎是汽车唯一的接地部件，其主要功能是支承负载，向地面传递制动力、驱动力和转向力，以及缓冲减振。随着国民经济的飞速发展和车辆制造水平的提升，我国公路上行驶车辆的轴载特性也发生了很大变化。轴载的增加导致一个直接后果就是轮胎胎压的相应提高，轮胎胎压的变化直接影响到轮载作用于路面的压力分布,这不仅影响轮胎及汽车的使用性能，而且还会影响道路的使用寿命。充气内压左右着轮胎的使用寿命和各种特性,并对汽车性能产生重要影响。车辆的导向和操纵要通过轮胎与地面之间的相互作用才能实现，轮胎的接地行为对汽车性能有重要的影响，研究轮胎接地行为对轮胎性能的评价和胎面橡胶块的设计具有重要的意义。
本课题主要研究轴载与胎压对轮胎接地行为的影响，即研究轮胎胎体所受胎压、轴载与其接地面积的关系。通过负载实验得到轮胎在一定胎压下，轮胎所承受得载荷和其接地面积的数据，并绘制成曲线图，进而得到二者之间的相互关系。综合试验数据及文献统计资料，对轮胎接地行为特性进行剖析，将实验数据及结果与传统分析方法进行对比分析得出结论。
关键词：轴载，胎压，接地面积，接地行为
RESEARCH ON AXLE LOAD AND TIRE
PRESSURE ON THE IMPACT OF THE
BEHAVIOR IN THE CONTACT
GROUND
ABSTRACT
Tire was the only vehicle components that could make cars contact ground.Its main functions were to support the load and transmit the braking force、the driving force and stering force,as well as damping buffer.Along with the rapid development of the national economy and upgrade the level of vehicle manufacturers,the characteristics of axle load of China’s vehicles traveling on highway had great changes.The increase in axle load leaded to a direct consequence of a corresponding increase in tire preure.The change of tire preure was in a direct impact on the distribution of wheel load acting on the surface of the road, which affected not only the use performance of tire and vehicle, but also impact on the life of the road.Normal use of the tire needed the internal preure of inflatable tires for protection.The internal preure of inflatable tires resolved using life and various characteristics of tire, and had an important impact on vehicle performance.Vehicle guidance and control could be achieved through the interaction between tire and ground.The grounding behavior of tires had important implications to the performance of the car.Researching on the behavior of tire contacting ground was of great significance for evaluation of performance of tire and design of the tread rubber.
It was considered as the main research in this topic that axle load and tire preure on the impact of the behavior of tire contacting ground,
which studyed of the relation between tire preure that the carca supported and the contact area and the relation between alxe load that the carca supported and the contact area.Through the load experiment, data about preure that tire support and the tire contact area with the ground ccould be obtained, and acurve about the data could be mapped,which had been the relationship between them.Comprehensive experimental data and literature statistics, the characteristics of the grounding acts of tire could being analysised,and comparative experimental results with the methods of traditional analysis, and some conclusions could be gained.
KEY WORDS: axle load, tire preure, contact area, the behavior in the contact ground
目 录
前 言....................1
第1章 概 述 .....................3
§1.1国内外同类研究的综述 ...............3
§1.2研究的依据与意义 ...............7
第2章 实验装置设计 .............20
§2.1 现有测试装置的评述 ...............20
§2.2 轮胎接地行为试验设备概述............23
§2.3 轮胎接地行为实验装置的设计 ........27
§2.2.1 轮胎的基础知识 ...............28
§2.2.2 试验装置的设计 ...............29
§2.2.3有关取实验结果的方法和卡具安装.........38
§2.3 被测轮胎的选取................39
§2.4 轮胎胎压的测量方法 ...............39
§2.5 测试方法和测试过程..............39
第3章 试验结果与分析 ..........41
§3.1 10.00-20型半旧轮胎柔性基础试验数据与分析 ...41
§3.1.1 10.00-20型半旧轮胎柔性基础试验结果.......41
§3.1.2 试验结果分析 ............49
§3.2 10.00-20型半旧轮胎刚性基础试验数据与分析 ...49
§3.2.1 10.00-20型半旧轮胎刚性基础试验结果.......49
§3.2.2试验结果分析 .............57
§3.3 11.00R20型旧轮胎柔性基础试验数据与分析 .......58
§3.3.1 11.00R20型旧轮胎柔性基础试验结果 ..........58
§3.3.2试验结果分析 .............62
§3.4 11.00R20型旧轮胎刚性基础试验数据与分析 .......63
§3.4.1 11.00R20型旧轮胎刚性基础试验结果 ..........63
§3.4.2试验结果分析 .............67
§3.5 11.00-20型新胎柔性基础试验结果与分析 ..........68
§3.5.1 11.00-20型新胎柔性基础试验结果 .......68
§3.5.2试验结果分析 .............75
§3.6 11.00-20型新胎刚性基础试验结果与分析 ..........76
§3.6.1 11.00-20型新胎刚性基础试验结果 .......76
§3.6.2试验结果分析 .............82
结 论..................84
参考文献 ...................86
致 谢..................90
