一、
1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.
2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glaes, boxes, brushes, matches.
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies.以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:
如: boy-boys monkey---monkeys
holiday---holidays 4)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es,
如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; 但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs.5)以o结尾的名词,有些加es: heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos.6)不规则名词:foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice.
7)某些外来词变复数:datum→data, medium→media, bacterium→bacteria, curriculum→curricula, criterion→criteria, phenomenon→phenomena.
analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, diagnosis→diagnoses.(is→es)
8)复合名词变复数:以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如:homework.
以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数,前后两个名词都变复数, 如:manservant→menservants, woman student → women students.
其它复合名词变复数:grown up→grown ups, brother in law→brothers in law, stand by→stands by.
9)复合形容词做定语时,其中的名词保持单数: a six year old boy,a two hundred page book people police cattle 等本身就是复数
10) foot-feet 脚
tooth-teeth 牙齿
mouse-mice 老鼠
man-men 男人
woman-women 女人
policeman-policemen 警察
sheep-sheep 绵羊
deer-deer 鹿
child-children 孩子
ox-oxen 公牛
10) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glaes (眼镜), trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双)、suit(套),a pair of glaes; two pairs of trousers 11) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼