地震英语词汇
aftershock余震
airdropped goods空投物资
armed police武警
casualties伤亡人数
charity organization慈善组织
charity performance义演
cla resumption复课
cla suspension停课
collapsed building倒塌房屋
death toll死亡人数
debris / rubble废墟
earthquake-hit region受灾地区
earthquake monitoring地震监控
earthquake relief抗震救灾
emergency measure紧急措施
epicenter震中
eentials /neceities生活必需品
evacuation evacuee 撤离者,疏散者撤离
field hospital野战医院
first-aid急救
fundraise:raise money for a cause or project募捐
green channel绿色通道(China\'s banking regulators Wednesday ordered all the banks to open a \"green channel\" disaster relief donations from home and abroad and scrape the remittance charge.银监会周三要求各银行金融机构开辟抗震救灾捐款快速通道，不得向境内外汇往灾区的捐款收取手续费。)
international aid国际援助
international maritime 海的,海上的,海事的satellite telephone国际海事卫星电话
landslide山体滑坡
life detector生命探测器
life line生命线
makeshift临时措施
a.临时的house 简易房屋
medical team医疗队
mud flow泥石流debris flow
national mourning day国家哀悼日
Non-Governmental Organization(NGO)非政府组织
power restoration恢复供电
prime time for rescue救援黄金时间
relief materials救灾物资
rescue effort救援行动
rescue team救援队
rescue worker救援人员
Richter Scale里氏震级
search and rescue work搜救行动
seismographer [ saiz\'mɔgrəfə ] .地震学家
sniffer 嗅探者,嗅探器 dog / rescue dog / search dog救援犬
survivor幸存者
temporary shelter camp临时避难所
trapped person被困人员
victims受灾群众
civic 公民的
It\'s a civic pride to have a champion.
拥有世界冠军是我们每个公民的骄傲。
cyclone 飓风
daunting 使人畏缩的The prospect of meeting the President is quite daunting.
一想到要会见总统就足以令人心悸.dire 迫切的可怕的,悲惨的,阴惨的They are in a dire extremity.他们在悲惨的穷途末路。
dub 授予称号
fragile 虚弱的
hitch 搭便车
junta 军政府
impel 激励
mobilize 动员
orphan 孤儿
philanthropy 善心
tremor 震动
unprecedented 史无前例的
hands-on
亲自动手的
He adopts a hands-on approach to solving the company\'s financial problems.
他亲自动手解决公司的财务问题。
表示地震的词：
earthquake
quake
shake
shock
tremor
temblor [美语] (pl.-s, -blores )
（地震）发生于...：
hit...袭击，打击，使遭受
strike...突然发生
shake...摇；摇动；摇撼
jolt...使颠簸，摇晃
rock...摇，摇动，使振动
roll acro...波动，起伏，横摇
rip through...裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯
破坏程度（小→大）
damage 损害，损伤；〔口语〕伤害，毁坏。
destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残。
shatter .破坏；捣毁；破灭。
devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭。
level 推倒，夷平。
flatten 夷为平地。
地震学相关词汇：
seismological 地震学上的
seismology 地震学
seismograph 地震仪
seismographer 地震学家
aftershock 余震
smaller tremors 小地震
epicenter 震中
magnitude 震级
Richter Scale(1—10) 里氏震级
earthquake monitoring 地震监控
tsunami 海啸
tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统
tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮
natural disaster 自然灾害
tragedy 灾难
wreckage 残骸
death toll 死亡人数
survivors 幸存者
victims 受灾者
international contributions 国际援助
evacuation 撤离
rescue team 救援小组
China has mobilized动员 130,000 army and paramilitary[ ,pærə\'militəri ] 准军事性的,起军事辅助作用的 troops 准军事部队to the disaster area, but the quake buckled roads and triggered mountain landslides, meaning that relief supplies and rescuers have struggled to reach the worst-hit areas.Mobilize是一个平时不太常用的单词
地震灾难发生之后，全世界对于中国政府mobilize抗震救灾力量的效率给予了好评，我们也可以对mobilize有一个全新的认识与了解。
中国政府此次动员的抗震救灾力量主要来自军警，上述文字中的
paramilitary troops就是“准军事部队”的意思，也就是警察，包括武警。Paramilitary是西方国家通常用来表达警察和武警部队的英语词汇，在我国的汉英词典中，“武警”的译文通常是armed police，但这个表达远不如
paramilitary在英语国家中用的普遍。中国政府此次出动的抗震救灾力量中除了军人之外还有大量武警、森林警察、消防警察和普通公安干警，这些警力在英语中可以统称为paramilitary troops。
Buckled roads就是“阻挡道路”的意思，其中buckle这个单词在这里使用得十分生动形象，因为“阻挡道路”我们一般是表达为block road的，而buckle的意思是“使扭曲”，“使弯曲”，“使变形”，对于在汶川地震中毁坏的公路来说，buckle这个词显然是再形象不过的了。
triggered mountain landslides就是“引发山体滑坡”的意思，其中的mountain landslide就是“山体滑坡”的意思。slide属于美国英语用法，指的是(土、石、雪等的)崩落，崩塌。常见派生用法有landslide(山崩，滑坡，塌方)，mud slide就是“泥石流”。Trigger这个词用在这里也十分形象，因为它通常表示由于外来力量的作用而造成的某种后果。
在美联社的另外一篇报道中，“引发”的英语对应词汇用的spark，其释义与trigger相似，如A strong aftershock sparked landslides near the epicenter of this week\'s powerful earthquake Friday, burying vehicles and again cutting off ravaged areas of central China.
我们抗震救灾中所急需的各类“救灾物资”就是relief supplies。说到与“救”相关的词汇，我们往往会条件反射想到save，其实不然。在各种灾难救援行动中，rescue是一个更常用的词汇，下文的rescuers就是“救援人员”的意思，而“救援行动”本身在英语中就是relief。“救援人员”还可以表达为
relief workers，如美联社的这篇报道中就提到了以下一句话：Relief workers said food, water and tents were urgently needed.上文中的worst-hit areas指的就是此次地震灾害中受灾最严重的地区，比如说汶川，北川和青川等地。 此次汶川地震造成的严重后果之一就是大量人员、尤其是正在学校上学的孩子们被掩埋在建筑物坍塌之后的废墟之中，在表示“废墟”的时候，英语中通常使用debris和rubble这两个单词。
如美联社的这篇报道提到：Rescuers saved a child from the debris of a school in the town of Beichuan 80 hours after the quake struck.They said they could hear weak calls for help from amid the rubble, Xinhua said.其中，debris所涵盖的范围比rubble更广泛，它可以泛指一切物体解体之后形成的碎片或者残骸，比如说飞机发生空难之后的残骸the debris of a plane，又如，The beach was littered with debris(海滩上到处都是残骸)。必须指出的是，debris是不可数名词。相对而言，rubble用在此次
Below is a special report on the earthquake and the rescue operations taking place.
Rescue efforts are underway in China\'s Sichuan province following
Monday\'s devastating earthquake 灾难性的地震, which measured 7.8 on the Richter Scale 里氏震级.
According to Xinhua news agency, nearly 15,000 people have died in the disaster, with as many as 24,000 more trapped under rubble 碎石，碎砖 from collapsing buildings and another 14,000 declared miing 申报失踪.Prime Minister Wen Jiabao has visited the area to personally oversee relief work （抗震）救灾工作, and is flying to the epicentre 震中 of the earthquake today.
Chinese troops have been mobilised 调动 to carry out rescue operations and emergency aid 紧急救护 has been air-dropped 空降 into areas that have been cut off by the disaster.
Bad weather has hampered 阻碍 relief efforts and in some cases rescuers have had to trek into the disaster area 受灾地区 by foot and search for trapped survivors 生还者 by hand as roads have been blocked by debris 瓦砾碎片.
Some residents of the provincial capital 首府 Chengdu have chosen to sleep in tents and government shelters for fear of aftershocks 余震 causing more damage.
One witne in Chengdu told the BBC the city\'s population is helping the relief work by donating 捐献 food and water for those affected in the surrounding countryside.
Financial aid 经济救助 has been pouring in 大量涌进 from all over China, with the Chinese government pledging hundreds of millions of dollars.Substantial donations from other countries and humanitarian
organizations have also been pledged 承诺，给予（援助）.
