The view of marriage in Pride and Prejudice [Abstract] British novelist Jane Austen\'s \'Pride and Prejudice\' is based on the daily life of material, a vivid reflection of the 18 century to the early 19th century in a conservative and isolated state of the British town life and the world state of human feeling.In this paper, the novel character of marriage in the development proce of the main line, through the five Bennet daughters of the different attitudes of love and marriage iues, explores the ideal marriage of Jane Austen, and pointed out that the novel practical significance.1 Pride and Prejudice\' is the Austin representative.This reflects the marriage of the novel the reader a vivid demonstration of the 18 century to the early 19th century in a conservative and isolated state of the British town life and the world state of human feeling.Today, the novel continues to attract many readers, inciting the observation of human nature and unlimited thinking.Austen\'s novels are mostly described the theme of marriage between ladies and gentlemen and love affair.Discuion of \'reason\' and \'emotional\' confrontation between the heroine are young lady, how the story in general is that they live, and how the transition from emotion to reason and eventually find their own Mr.Right, the outcome of his novel is perfect Therefore, people are always satisfied.Because Austin\'s autobiography very little, people will not consciously Austin\'s life and her art world to be confused, and these two worlds
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seems to be the same brisk comedy of the world.Through the works of Austin to show us around the social circle of her marriage to the standards and moral life, love story in describing the same time, revealed the nature of the bourgeois institution of marriage.This paper young men and women from different views on marriage and human two-pronged approach, thinking \'Pride and Prejudice\' in the marital choices of different people and characters motivation and behavior goes against the wishes of reasons.2 Austin, in this novel reflects the variety of characters on marriage.Through the five Bennet daughters marriage is to treat the different treatments, showing the township middle-cla family background of young girls for marriage, love the different attitude towards the problem.In the novel, the authors propose a new idea of marriage: In order to property, money and status of marriage is wrong; the marriage does not take into account the factors mentioned above is also foolish.Therefore, she not only opposed to marry for money, but also opposed to the marriage, child\'s play.She streed the importance of an ideal marriage, and to the feelings of both men and women as the cornerstone of the conclusion of an ideal marriage.This new concept is closer to the time of marriage, social life, which makes \'Pride and Prejudice\' a book, thinking beyond the contemporary achievements of love story.3.Works in a different marital status.Bennet family\'s eldest daughter
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Jane good demure, but the modesty of the personality and lady made her own specifications feelings hidden, she was fully in line with the combination of Bingley \'ceremony\', is the bourgeois \'freedom of choice\', \'there is love\' marriage \'model\'.Ban House Lydia naturally frivolous by a foul within the officers misled by Wickham, but is not married to each other soul to post.Squander their lives as sex, make ends meet, their marriage is not based on mutual respect and sympathy and affection of the foundation.In this, the author clearly indicates his own point of view: There is no love, marriage is not happy.Lu House, Charlotte Lucas, the eldest and Lydia On the contrary, is an extremely realistic and rational people.Social status, economic conditions, and her appearance is not the ideal that inspired her to choose a little bit of property but there is no love marriage.Elizabeth is a claic with a rebellious woman.When Darcy, the arrogant and put away, Elizabeth, to eliminate prejudice.They had a sincere mutual love and eventually formed a happy marriage.Jane Austen by Elizabeth and Darcy\'s marriage, he streed again: happy marriage must be built on the basis of love for the people of the world has set a wonderful example of marriage.4 The reasons for the formation of different marital status.First, educated with a ceremony; 18 century politicians, thinkers, Bo-off had written the words: \'upbringing more important than the law in accordance with their own performance, or promote the moral, or contributed to the
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moral, ethical or completely destroyed.\'Can be seen that the prevailing social, education plays an important role in life.Second, vain and impulsive hasty combination of; Mr.Bennet that year because of reluctant to part with young beauty, married a poor but narrow-minded intellectual woman, husband and wife soon after marriage of mutual respect and trust vanished.It is clear that their marriage was due to rash incurred in an unhappy marriage.Third, financial transactions, a combination of the interests of; By Charlotte through the description of marriage, reflecting the sad fate of women at the time, for those forced by economic married women expreed great sympathy.She deeply understood: social environment in which everyone \'in the material you can not escape, you can not independently of their psychological and outside.Fourth, the perfect combination of love; Writers Elizabeth Bennet is the ideal image of women is also a novel image of the most charming personality.She came from the bourgeois intellectual family, wealthy individuals, the spirit of resistance.She was in her wisdom, noble spiritual realm everywhere to look down on her upper cla social challenges.From Elizabeth\'s love and marriage reflects Austen\'s marriage: \'Marriage is wrong for the money, but marriage is not the money is foolish.\'Elizabeth and Darcy\'s marriage is not only there is a love marriage, but also there is a money marriage.In addition to elegance, nothing was married to Elizabeth the richest and most handsome man.Her mother to look with
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satisfaction the merchants said that this is not a bad trade; and has been very smart for her daughter\'s father has never expected that appreciation, he paid to her education in the marriage market with a high exchange value.5 Elizabeth and Darcy is a novel combination of the most happine, the ideal marriage of.Their love and marriage love and respect for the proce is the organic integration, reflecting the \'need for self-realization\'.I do not want to say anything about their marriage, because no matter everyone feel that they are right.I want to say is that the book the other two pairsreason is a human virtue.True happine can be obtained only through the intellect; while reason is the need for a comprehensive understanding of the individual results.Authors by Lydia and Wickham, Charlotte and Collins description of married life, to show the reader the failure of their marriage, with Elizabeth\'s \'reason\' in stark contrast.
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8 Personal motivations and aspirations of departure is the human self-deception and deceptive results.\'Pride and Prejudice\' not only puts forward a new idea of marriage, at the same time shaping the characters through the novel, the complexity of human nature also conducted in-depth analysis.Thus reveal human nature in the self-deception and deceptive, leading to the motives and results of people\'s behavior deviated from the reasons.
9 In the novel, various characters by the outward appearance, camouflage themselves and fool others and deceive ourselves.The beautiful Jane and Mr.Bingley\'s gentle love each other.However, she deliberately conceals their fervent love, resulting in misunderstanding Bingley Jane does not love him, and he listened to the advice of his friend, Darcy, and Jane alienation.Wickham clever use of his own ability to flattery, as well as a \'pleasant\' appearance, fascinated Elizabeth, kept for their own washing grievances, libelous Darcy.His words filled with flaws, but extremely intelligent Elizabeth, who managed to argue with Mi Bingley, and Lady Catherine contradict, but is still being led by the nose Wickham.Mr.Darcy arrogant, rude look like well into Elizabeth\'s mind, puzzled by the appearance of Elizabeth, believing Wickham\'s bias against Mr.Darcy.On the surface it often and not the same as when she was touched by the sincere Darcy only after find out that they love him.Truth is always with a mask made by the wrong people to judge.People always
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have a misconception because the starting point of their behavior is wrong.By wrongful act by making the results of characters climax to reveal the reasons leading to such illusions in the hypocritical side of human nature, camouflage results.
10 Because they were confused by their own judgments, Elizabeth Wickham and Darcy looked wrong.Things and her vision of the opposite.Is ironic is that Elizabeth is based on their wisdom and insight be proud of.Lady Catherine in her pride in the social status of noble, while the simple-minded and lacking in upbringing has repeatedly shown that there is no basis for this pride.Catherine suggested that she is better than Mi Bennet family, but her pursuit of explicit Darcy exposed the vulnerability of her claiming to be educated and hypocrisy.
11 People\'s behavior is often used to mask the real intention.Charlotte Collins\'s concern on the surface, is to help get rid of Elizabeth Collins, the troubled courtship, it seems to be Elizabeth the Thanksgiving should be but in fact, Charlotte is secretly for their own \'set\' husband.Because people are always from the wrong premise, deceiving themselves or deceiving a result, their actions are always counterproductive.Catherine his wife to stop this is a marriage, but precisely as its cause.Catherine intended to provoke Darcy acts against Elizabeth, made him think of to share with Elizabeth off intimacy.Darcy misled by the appearance of Elizabeth that Darcy dislike her, and
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prejudices so that Elizabeth can not see the truth, but use words to condemn him, but it actually attracted the attention of Darcy.Through these figures, we see the reality of hypocrisy and behavioral results of arrogance and vanity of punishment.12 Jane Austen that has a perfect harmony of love and marriage relationships, but also money in marriage also has a pivotal position.If a person is to be love, but also received money, then he got a happy marriage, he would live happy.In marriage, love is the most important.From the novel, we everywhere can see the importance of love in marriage, love is the basis of matrimony.In order to property, money and status of marriage is wrong; the marriage does not take into account the factors mentioned above is also foolish.Jane Austen\'s novels to tell people through action and self-examination must have hope, human dignity is obtained from the action and self-examination.
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《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻价值取向
【摘 要】英国小说家简•奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》是以日常生活为素材，生动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。本文以小说中人物婚姻的发展过程为主线，通过班纳特五个女儿对婚姻爱情问题的不同态度，探究了简•奥斯丁理想的婚姻观，并指出了小说的现实意义。
1《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯汀的代表作。这部反映婚姻问题的小说为读者生动的展现了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。时至今日，这部小说仍然吸引着众多读者，引发人们对人性本质的观察和无限思考。奥斯汀的小说主题大都是描写绅士淑女间的婚姻和爱情**。讨论“理智”与“情感”的对立，女主人公大多是年轻的小姐，故事情节一般是她们怎样生活，怎样从情感向理智过渡，最终找到自己的如意郎君，其小说的结局都是完美的，所以总是会让人感到满意。因为奥斯汀的自传很少，人们便不自觉地将奥斯汀的生活和她的艺术世界相混淆了，这两个世界似乎是同样轻快的喜剧世界。通过作品，奥斯汀向我们展示了她周围社会圈子的婚姻标准和道德生活，在描写爱情故事的同时，揭露了资产阶级婚姻制度的本质。本文试从不同青年男女的婚姻观和人性两个方面入手，思考《傲慢与偏见》中不同人物的婚姻选择及人物行为动机与意愿相背离的原因。
2奥斯汀在这部小说中反映了各种各样人物的婚姻观。通过班纳
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特五个女儿对待终身大事的不同处理，表现了乡镇中产阶级家庭出身的少女对婚姻、爱情问题的不同态度。在小说中作者提出了新的婚姻观：为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的；而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。因此，她既反对为金钱而结婚，也反对把婚姻当儿戏。她强调理想婚姻的重要性，并把男女双方感情作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。这种新的婚姻观更接近当时的社会生活，这使得《傲慢与偏见》一书的思想成就超越了同时代的爱情故事。
3作品中不同的婚姻状态。班纳特家的大女儿简善良娴静，但矜持的个性和淑女规范使她将自己的感情深藏不露，她与彬格莱的结合完全合乎“仪式”，是资产阶级“自由选择”、“有爱情”的婚姻的“典范”。 班府的丽迪雅生性轻率，受了败絮其中的军官韦翰所迷惑，但婚后彼此用情不专。生活上挥霍成性，入不敷出，他们的婚姻没有建立在相互尊敬和爱怜的基础上。在此，作者明确地表明了自己的观点：没有爱情的婚姻是不会幸福的。卢府的大小姐夏绿蒂•卢卡斯与丽迪雅相反，是个极为现实与理性的人。社会地位、经济条件及她不理想的外貌促使她去选择了一个有点财产但没有爱情的婚姻。伊丽莎白是典型的具有反抗精神的女性。当达西把傲慢收起，伊丽莎白消除了偏见。他们相互间产生了诚挚的爱情，最终结成了美满的婚姻。简•奥斯汀通过伊丽莎白与达西的婚姻，再次强调：幸福美满的婚姻必须建立在爱情的基础上，为世人树立了美满姻缘的榜样。
4不同婚姻状态形成的原因。一，教养的仪式结合；十八世纪末政治家、思想家勃客曾写过这样的话：“教养比法律还重要„„它们
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依着自己的性能，或推动道德，或促成道德，或完全毁灭道德。”可见，当时的社会，教养在生活中起着重要作用。 二，虚荣和沖动的草率结合；班纳特先生当年因为贪恋青春美貌，娶了一个智力贫乏而又心胸狭窄的女人，婚后不久夫妇间的相互尊重和信任荡然无存。很显然，他们的婚姻是由于轻率而招致的不幸婚姻。三，金钱交易、利益的结合；作者通过对夏绿蒂婚姻的描写，反映了当时妇女的可悲命运，对那些为经济所迫而嫁人的妇女表示了极大的同情。她深切地懂得：社会环境使人“在物质上你无法逃脱，在心理上你无法独立于其外的”。 四，爱情的完美结合；伊丽莎白•班纳特是作家笔下理想的女性形象，也是小说中最富个性魅力的形象。她出身于资产阶级知识分子家庭，富有个人反抗精神。她以她的聪明才智，高尚的精神境界处处向瞧不起她的上流社会挑战。从伊丽莎白的爱情和婚姻上，体现了奥斯丁的婚姻观：“结婚为钱是错误的，而结婚得不到钱则是愚蠢的。”伊丽沙白和达西的婚姻不仅是一桩有爱情的婚姻，也是一桩有金钱的婚姻。除了高雅，一无所有的伊丽莎白却嫁给了最有钱、最英俊的男子。她母亲以商人眼光满意地说这是一宗不坏的买卖；而对女儿的聪明一直非常贊赏的父亲却未曾料到，他给予她的教育在婚姻市场具极高的交换价值。
5伊丽莎白和达西的结合是小说中最幸福、理想的婚姻了。他们的婚恋过程是爱情与尊重的有机结合，体现了“自我实现的需要”。我并不想就他们的婚姻发表什麽看法，因为无论谁都觉得他们是对的。我想说的是书中的另外两对——夏洛特和柯林斯之间以及丽迪雅
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和韦翰之间的婚姻。作为陪衬，奥斯汀写了伊丽莎白女友的婚事，用来与女主人公理想的婚姻相对照。夏洛特一个二十七岁的女孩相貌平平，与一位收入不错的乡村牧师的结合算得上是一桩“成功”的婚姻了。但我们发现，夏洛特选择她的客厅时，有意避开她的丈夫。夏洛特和柯林斯尽管婚后过着舒适的物质生活，但他们之间没有爱情，这种婚姻实际上是掩盖在华丽外衣下的社会悲剧。奥斯汀对夏洛特的婚姻观给出了极具讽刺意味的评价，结婚只是为了寻找一个归宿、一个不愁吃穿的“储藏室”，这样的婚姻根本没有感情可言。爱情是理想婚姻的基石，没有爱情的婚姻是草率的、实际上是不理智的表现。柯林斯这种人根本不懂得爱情，他结婚好像只是为了要完成任务。这种婚姻只是出于对“生理需要”与“安全需要”的满足，在这样的夫妻之间剩下的只有责任和无尽的互相责备。
6应该说丽迪雅对韦翰是怀着爱情的，但这是一见钟情的爱情，没有深思熟虑、一时沖动的爱情。算起来丽迪雅爱上韦翰的时间，竟然还不足两个礼拜。她根本不了解韦翰的为人，就草率地决定了自己的婚姻大事，还以为自己深爱着对方而对方也一样。这样的婚姻当然是不“理智”的，是不能长久的。丽迪亚的婚姻，象在她之前的，她的父亲的婚姻一样：轻率、缺乏判断、不明智，听从沖动和情感的驱使。丽迪雅与韦翰的结合纯属“生理需要”层次的沖动。
7奥斯汀的作品给我们一个很重要的启示，那就是理智的问题。从她的作品中，我们很容易得到结论——理智是人的美德。真正的幸福只有通过理智才能获得；而理智是对个体需要全面认识的结果。作
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者通过丽迪雅和韦翰、夏洛特和柯林斯婚后生活的描写，向读者展示他们婚姻的失败，与伊丽莎白的“理智”形成鲜明的对比。
8个人行为动机和意愿的背离，是人性自欺和欺人的结果。《傲慢与偏见》不仅提出了新的婚姻观，同时通过小说中人物的塑造，对人性的復杂也进行了深入地剖析。由此揭示出人性中的自欺和欺人，是导致人们行为动机和结果背离的原因。
9在小说中，各种人物受外表迷惑，伪装自己，愚弄他人，欺骗自己。美丽温柔的吉英与彬格莱先生彼此相爱。但她却刻意掩饰着自己热切的爱，结果使彬格莱误会吉英不爱自己，而听从了其朋友达西的劝导，与吉英疏远。韦翰巧妙地利用了自己的奉承能力，以及一幅”讨人喜欢”的仪表，迷住了伊丽莎白，不停地为自己洗刷冤情，中伤达西。他的话里充满破绽，而聪明过人的伊丽莎白虽能与彬格莱小姐辩驳，与咖苔琳夫人顶撞，却还是被韦翰牵着鼻子走。达西先生傲慢、无礼的样子早已进入伊丽莎白的头脑，受外表迷惑的伊丽莎白，听信韦翰而对达西先生心存偏见。事情往往和表面看起来的不一样，当她被达西的真诚感动以后，才发现自己原来深爱着他。真相总是带着假面具让人做出错误的评判。人们总是产生错觉，因为他们的行为出发点就是错误的。作者通过使人物错误行为的结果达到高潮，来揭露出导致这些错觉的原因是人性中虚伪的一面，伪装的结果。
10因为被自己的判断所迷惑，伊丽莎白错看了韦翰和达西。事情和她想象的正相反。更具讽刺意味的是伊丽莎白是以自己的智慧和洞察力引以为荣的。凯瑟琳夫人以她的社会地位高贵为荣，而头脑简
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单和缺乏教养一再表明这种骄傲是毫无基础的。咖苔琳小姐暗示她优越于班纳特家人，但她对达西露骨的追求暴露出她自称教养的脆弱和虚伪。
11人们的行为表现常常用来掩盖真正的意图。夏洛特对柯林斯的关註，表面是帮伊丽莎白摆脱柯林斯求婚的困扰，似乎应是伊丽莎白该感恩才对，但实际上夏洛特是在偷偷的为自己“套”老公。由于人们总是从错误的前提出发，欺骗自己或被欺骗，致使他们的行 动总是事与愿违。凯瑟琳夫人本是去阻止一个婚姻，却恰恰成为了它的起因。咖苔琳意图激起达西反对伊丽莎白的行为，却使他想起与伊丽莎白分享过的亲热。伊丽莎白受到达西外表的误导，认为达西厌恶她，偏见使伊丽莎白无法看到真相，而用言语谴责他，但这样做实际上更吸引了达西的註意。透过这些人物，我们看到了现实的虚伪以及行为结果对傲慢与虚荣的惩罚。
12简•奥斯汀认为爱情与婚姻有着水乳交融的关系，而且金钱在婚姻中也有着举足轻重的地位。假如一个人得到爱情的同时也得到了金钱，那麽他就获得了一个美满的婚姻，他就会生活得幸福。在婚姻生活中，爱情是最为重要的。从小说中，我们随处都可以看到爱情在婚姻中的重要，爱情是婚姻的基础。为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的；而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。简•奥斯丁通过小说告诉人们必须行动和自省才有希望，人的尊严是从行动和自省中获得。
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