精品文档
一、时态和语态
1.如何解答时态问题
例1You’ve already mied too many claes this term.You ______ just last week.
A.mied B.would mi C.had mied D.have mied
例2Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A.when he left B.where he had left C.how he left
D.why did he left
2.与完成时 有关的时态
★现在完成时 (have done)
since, for/ in the past few months, up to now
例1Collecting
toy cars as a hobby becomes increasingly popular during the past fifty years.
A
B
C
D
例2English ______ in a new way at my college in the past few years.
A.has been taught
B.was being taught
C.has been taught
D.had been taught.
★过去完成时 (had done)
例3Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A.when he left B.where he had left C.how he left
D.why did he left
例4The chemistry cla_____ for five minutes when we hurried there.
A.had been on B.had begun C.has been on
D.would began
★将来完成时 (will have done)
by
例5We’re late I expect the film_____ by the time we get to the cinema.
A.had already started
B.have already
C.will already have started
D.have already been started.
★现在完成进行时 (have been doing)
例6It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We\'ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A.had leaked B.is leaking
C.leaked
D.has been leaking
★过去完成进行时 (had been doing)
★
将来完成进行时(will have been doing )
做最好的自己
精品文档
例7By the time you arrive this evening, _______for two hours.
A.I will study
B.I will have been studied
C.I had studied D.I will have been studying. 3.在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态
▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时
例1When the mixture_____, it will give off a powerful force.
A.will heat B.will be heated C.is heated D.has heated
例2please be sure to telephone me the next time you ______.
A.will come B.would come C.shall come D.come
▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时
例3Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_______ military service.
A.will finish B.has finished C.finish D. would finish
例4No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she______ them.
A.tries B.will try C.are trying D.have tried 4.考试小窍门
案。
二、情态动词
1.几个情态动词的否定式的含义
can’t
may not mustn’t need’t
2.表示推测的几个情态动词用法
★must
+do
对现在情况的推测
must
+have done
对过去情况的推测
例1I ________ asleep in the corner, for I remember nothing of what happened during the night A.might fall B.must fall C.must have fallen
D.can have fallen
★ can’t/could’t
+do
对现在情况的推测
can’t/couldn’t
做最好的自己
精品文档
+have done
对过去情况的推测
★ may/might not
+do
对现在情况的推测
may/might
+have done
对过去情况的推测
3.情态动词的完成时虚拟语气的用法
needn’t have done should have done should not have done ought to have done could have done
4.考试小窍门
词加完成时是正确答案。
× Must do
√ Must have done
三、虚拟语气
1.条件句中的虚拟语气
I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.
A.had known B.have known C.knew D.would know
If a better material ______, the strength of the part would have
been increased.
A.had been used B.had been using C.being used
D.using
? 如果条件句中有were, had, shouldif
例3_____ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy lo in his busine.
A.If he took B.if he should take
C.Were he to take D.Had he taken
? 含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的应用
But for/without
„„, otherwise/or„
„„, but/though„.
做最好的自己
精品文档
But for your help, I _____ the work in time.
A.did not finish B.could not finish
A.will not finish D.would not have finished
Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today.
A.is B.will be C.would have been
D.would be
He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he_____ to the meeting.
A.would have come B.would come C.could come D.had come
We would have made a lot of money, but we
halfway
A.gave up B.had given up C.would give up D.were to give up
? 错综时间条件句
If I were you, I would not have mied the film last night.
2.(should )+动词原形在某些从句中的应用
(1)当宾语从句从的谓语是suggest, request, insist, desire , demand, propose, order, command, arrange等动词时,如:
I suggested that we should go there on foot.
注意:当insist表示坚持认为之意时, 不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money
( 2) It is ordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/ 等后的主语从句中
It is desired that we should get everything ready tonight
( 3) advice, idea, order, plan, demand, proposal, suggestion, request 等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:
My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting this evening
3.wish后的宾与从句中应当用虚拟语气
4.if only 引导的感叹句中
5.as if/as though引导的状语从句中
6.would rather后的句子的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式
7.it is (high) time that „.句型中, 从句的谓语动词用过去式
四、非谓语动词
1.不定式
?不定式的逻辑主语
The road is wild enough for cars to pa by.
It is important for you to work hard.
It is kind of you to help me.
?不定式的时态和语态
做最好的自己
精品文档
The magnificent museum is said _____ about a hundred years ago.
A.to be built B.to have been built
C.to have built D.to have being built
?使用不带to的不定式
1)why not do表示委婉的建议
Why not_____Profeor Li for help? He is kind-hearted and willing
to help.
A.ask B.you ask C.to ask D.your asking
2)使役动词have, make, letto的不定 式。
例The teacher has the students _____ a composition every other week.
A.to write B.written
C.writing D.write
While he was climbing the high mountain, he had his leg_____
A.broke B.break C.broken D.breaking
There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make
himself_____
A.hearing B.being told C.to hear
D.heard
3)表示生理感觉的动词如see, watch, notice, observe, hear后面接不定式做
to的不定式。
With tears on her face, the old lady watched the little boy_____ to a hospital.
A.send B.to be sent C.being sent D.sending 4)do something but/except do
There is nothing we can do _____ wait.
A.but B.rather than
C.in spite of C. besides.
5)记住下列不带to的短语
can’t but
can’t help but
had better 2.动名词
1.
remember
forget regret
stop go on
mean
2.后面跟动名词的固定句式
have trouble/problems/difficult doing something
做最好的自己
精品文档
feel like
spend/waste„doing something can’t help
need/deserve/want be worth
what about/how about 3.分词
分词作表语
独立主格结构
例1During the discuion , Mr Boyd remained silent when asking his
opinion.
A
B
C
D
例2Your experiment reports must be checked with care before_______ A.handed them in
B.them handing in
C.being handed in
D. handing them in
_______ in the air fuels give off heat.
A.T burn
B.Burned
C.T be burned
D.Being burned
五、状语从句
赵文通
1 时间状语从句
★
while/ when/ as/ until
★
一„就„
no sooner„than/ hardly„when/ scarcely„when
★
the moment the minute the instant
★
固定句型
It is/has been „.since„
1.原因状语从句
now that
in that
做最好的自己
2.条件状语从句
unle
as long as
provided that 3.让步状语从句
as
though although even if
even though while whatever
六、平行结构
and, or, but Prefer
Prefer something to something
Prefer doing something to doing something
Prefer to do something rather than do something Prefer
Prefer somebody to do something
e.g : I prefer you to speak English in the cla.
1、a number of, the number of
a number of +
the number of +
2、able, capable, competent
able be able to do s.thA cat is able to see in the dark.
capable be capable of +doing。
competent
A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases.
3、above allafter allat all; in all above all
But above all tell me quickly what I have to do 做什么。
after all 可位于句首、句中或句末。如After allyour birthday is only two weeks away后就是你 的生日。
做最好的自己
精品文档
精品文档
He isafter allHe failed after allat alla small child
He doesn’t like you at all
Are you going to do it at all
If you do it at alldo it well
I was surprised at his coming at all
in all
There are 25,000 Inuit in all(In all, there are 25,000 Inuit) 这儿共有25,000因努伊特人。
4、aboard, abroad, board, broad aboard I never went aboard a ship. abroad He often goes abroad. board The paengers are boarding the plane now. broad He has very broad shoulders.
5、accept, receive accept receiveI received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it.
6、accident, incident, event
accidenta traffic accident
incident
event 也指国家和社会的事件。
7-accurate, correct, exact, precise accurateClocks in railway stations should be accurate.correct 的反义词是incorrect, wrong. exact 差”。它的反义词是inexact。
precise
8、accuse, charge, sue accuse of His boaccused him of carelene. charge 常与withThe police charged the driver with reckle driving. sue 常与for Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house
9、acquire, require, inquire acquireacquire knowledge
做最好的自己
精品文档
inquireinquire a person’s name
requireWe require more help.
10、adopt, adapt adopt Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl.
He adopted our suggestion.
adopt与adapt
11、advantage, benefit, profit advantage
He had the advantage of good education.
profit 多指报偿或报偿性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year?
benefit I get no personal benefit from the busine.12、1affect, effect affectSmoking affects health. effectGovernment policy will not have any effect on us.
13、afford, provide, supply
afford一般只用于抽象事物。
provide 和supplywithprovide /supply somebody with something的结构。
14、ago, before ago
before 可以单独使用。
I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分钟之前看到的他。
He told me that he had seen the film before.他告诉我他以前看过 这场电影。
15、agree onagree toagree with
agree on
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month
agree to
其一是to
解。 健康文档
做最好的自己
放心下载 放心阅读
精品文档
做最好的自己
