Unit 1 1.当今的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的。（establish oneself）
Today\'s university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future.2.一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我。(transcend) A man cannot realize his values without finding a center beyond him.So the idealistic of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.3.我们强烈地希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用。（reveal oneself） We eagerly hope that the leons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.4.四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的。（go unchallenged） It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to succe in life.5.在对一个关键的问题做结论时，如果只相信所谓的专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据实验的数据，那是在冒险。（run the risk of;blind faith in）
We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in profeed experts.
6.我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设。（band together ; participate in）
Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations.7.如果这所新学校要有生命力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟悉的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。（be to endure ;commit oneself）
If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a solid basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.8.如果大学生对考试过于投入，就有可能把能力与风险放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分。（push to the fringes）
It is not too much to say that if undergraduates exceively devote themselves to examinations, they will push competence and commitment to the fringes.
9.我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建问题。（much le） I didn\'t even speak to him, much le discu the reconstruction of your school with him.10.有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题——考试对教育有什么影响？（open question）
Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages.Examinations leave us an open eential question --- what influence do examinations exert on education?
Unit 2 1.他不但是位出色的银行家和公认的贸易专家，而且还是位经验丰富的企业主管。(not to mention) He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2.意大利一个和平组织的志愿者不顾危险，已开赴伊拉克首都巴格达，组成“人体盾牌”，以阻止美国轰炸该地。（regardle of）
Regardle of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a \"body shield\" for the purpose of preventing the U.S.from bombing the place.3.在这个家庭里，没有人比朱蒂更能致力于经营房地产生意。（be dedicated to） Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate busine than Judy.4.由于经济不景气，房地产经纪人正处于或降低房价或减少销售量的两难境地。(dilemma) Because of the economic depreion, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5.史密斯先生往往靠慎重投资而获取巨额利润。(more ofen than not) More often than not, Mr.Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6.约翰在学校里各门功课的成绩都不怎么样，但在体育方面倒是身手非凡。(excel at) John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.有条不紊的职责交接是家庭企业长期繁荣的一个条件。(transition ;longrange) Orderly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family busine.8.在制定投资计划之前，你最好对投资前景有个清楚地了解。(have a clear picture of) You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9.尽管雕塑费时，但是仍有一些人以雕塑为职业。(timeconsuming) Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profeion.10.这家电脑软件公司正处于从独资经营到合资经营的转化过程中。(in the midst of) The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.
Unit 3
1.汽车诞生后发展很快，不就就替代了马。(displace) The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.2.由于汽车污染环境并严重伤害人体，甚至杀人，我们可能不得不削减私人拥有汽车的数量而更多地依赖公共交通系统。(ma transit systems) We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on ma transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.3.汽车轮子给我们带来了更好、更为便利的交通时，它也应对诸如空气污染、交通事故、交通拥挤之类的许多问题负责。(be guilty of) While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.4.美国人对汽车的热爱以及他们较大的工作流动性是出了名的。(be noted for) Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.5.要是燃料质量和效率的提高和技术的进步能大大减少汽车的排放量，那该多好啊。(if only) If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emiions from automobiles.6.在美国，高速发达的公路网使在各地之间来来往往成为可能。(from coast to coast) A highly developed highway network has made poible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.7.一想到这条林荫大道的建设速度，参观者都感到很吃惊：这条路不久前还在开挖及铺设排水管。(the very thought of;tear up) The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.8.环境保护主义者严厉谴责了汽车，认为汽车是产生空气污染的主要因素。(denounce) Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9.由于有便利的公共交通，在大都市的市郊，许多新建的住宅群拔地而起。(rise up,complex) Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10.尽管非常喜欢汽车，许多人还是相信广泛的使用公共交通系统能缓解交通拥挤。（lend credence to）
Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.
Unit 4 1.一些职业观察家认为，现在的年轻人不再对政治和事业感兴趣，他们越来越关注与他们自身关系更为密切的问题。(preoccupied with) Some profeional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with iues closer to themselves.2.一个妇女所获得的教育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭这个环境，到社会上去实现自我。（be likely to,realize oneself）
The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3.就我而言，一些已婚夫妇做出选择不要小孩的真正原因是他们非常自恋，以至于他们没有多余的爱给别人。(start a family,lie behind,have no margin of,spare) As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narciistic and have no margin of love to spare others.4.这家公司甚至在未征求发明人同意的情况下，就将其一项注册过的新发明投放市场。这一行为违反了专利法。(go against) The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventor’s permiion, which goes against the patent law.5.在一些国家的敦促下，联合国对该国施加压力，迫使其放弃研制和使用核武器。（preure sb to do） Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has preured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6.按照每个会员必须是无子女的这一规定，怀特先生及其太太只好退出Non-Parent协会，因为他们很快就要当父母了。(alternative,parenthood) According to the rule that every member should remain childle, Mr.And Ms.white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Aociation, for they will attain parenthood soon.7.他期望通过上演一部肥皂剧来揭示现实生活所固有的复杂性。(implicit) He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8.几乎在每个国家，嗜用麻醉品，酗酒和摧残儿童都有变为最令人深思的社会问题的趋势。(loom as) In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loom as most challenging social problems.9.在接受来访时，这些老年人合理地解释了为什么会对当今青年人产生矛盾心理的原因。(be ambivalent about,rationalize) When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about today’s young people.10.不少大学生更关心怎样在毕业后谋得一份报酬优厚工作，怎样在这个充满竞争的社会里迅速得到提升。(be concerned with) Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.
Unit 5
1.总的来说，人变得越来越有同情心；不少家庭收养了来自市孤儿院的孤儿。(take in,orphanage) Generally, people have become more compaionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.
2.一个有工作的妇女既要照顾她的孩子和和老人，又要设法保有这份工作，是一件非常困难的事情。(hold down) It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.3.起先，我们对他们初次在异国他乡生活感到担忧，但是结果他们在那个国家生活得相当不错。(work out) At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country, but things there worked out much better for them.
4.今天，中年人的孩子比他们父母的孩子要少得多；40年后人口老化问题可能成为他们孩子的沉重负担。(weigh on) Today\'s middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did, and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.
5.希望目前的教育改革能为学生更好地迎接社会的挑战做好准备。(set up) It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society. 6.政府想把一部分健康护理的负担转嫁给个人；但是家庭成员并不总是有空的，因为他们不能离开工作来照顾生病的老人。(break away from) The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family; but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly. 7.对养老院床位的需求越来越大，我们不得不想尽一切办法腾出床位。(free up) There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every poible means to free them up.
8.随着该国老年人的日益增多，为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能使政府感到恐惧。(scare the devil out of) With the increase of elderly population in this country, financing health care and pensions could scare the devil out of the government.
9.这对年轻夫妇不得不做出牺牲，以避免使他们年迈的慈父伤心。（let down） The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down.
10.他们在照顾年迈多病的老父时所经历的一切使他们更具有同情心并向养老院捐了款。(go through) What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compaionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home
