一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dre ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No.1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成
1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加\"-s\"或\"-es\"。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes.I am./ No, I\'m not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don\'t( doesn\'t ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I don\'t like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn\'t构成否定句。如： He doesn\'t often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：Yes, I do./ No, I don\'t. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：Yes, she does./ No, she doesn\'t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：gue-guees, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pa_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.He often ________(have) dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Cla One.3.We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6.What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7._______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9.She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10.There ________(be) some water in the bottle.11.Mike _______(like) cooking.12.They _______(have) the same hobby.13.My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.14.You always _______(do) your homework well.15.I _______(be) ill.I’m staying in bed.16.She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.18.The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight leons this term.20.－What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2.Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the claroom . 3.My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4.What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5.Look .They _______________( have) an English leon . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the claroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9.It’s 5 o’clock now.We_____(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1.They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the claroom .( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________ 4．Tom is reading books in his study .(对划线部分进行提问)
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。
一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon. 2.
问干什么。What „ do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this
afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.
问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going
to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习： 填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. =I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2.
下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
=What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball. 3.
你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4.
你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them.
7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.Today is a sunny day.We _____ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12.My brother ____ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13.Tom often _____(go) to school on foot.But today is rain.He _____ (go) to school by bike.
14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _____ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15.
It’s Friday today.What _____she ______ (do) this weekend? She ________ (watch) TV and ________ (catch) insects.
16.What _______ (d0) you do last Sunday?
I _______ (pick) apples on a farm.What ________ (do) next Sunday? I _______ (milk) cows.
17.Mary ________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18.Liu Tao _________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19.David ___________ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20.I ___________ (plan) for my study now
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is/am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pa_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.
I _______ at school just now.2.
He ________ at the camp last week. 3.
We ________ students two years ago.
4.
They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.
Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6.
There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7.
There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8.
The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、句型转换
1.It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 3.They were in his pocket.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.
I ______ an English teacher now. 2.
She _______ happy yesterday.3.
They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4.
Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 5.
The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6.
Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7.
There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8.
Today _____ the second of June.Yesterday ______ the first of June.Children’s Day.All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换
1.There was a car in front of the house just now.
It _____ 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
___________________________________________________________ 2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
___________________________________________________________ 3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
行为动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1.He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2.The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night. 3.We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4.Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5.I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6.They ________ (play) che in the claroom last PE leon. 7.My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8.The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
二、句型转换
1.Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.Nancy went to school early.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 3.We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2.Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3.We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park.(go) 4.______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5.______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6.Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7.I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8.What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换
1.They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英
1.格林先生去年住在中国。
________________________________________________________ 2.昨天我们参观了农场。
________________________________________________________ 3.他刚才在找他的手机。
________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday. 2.We all ______ (have) a good time last night. 3.He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4.Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5.She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday.(read) 6.He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now.(play) 7.Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8._______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____. 9.I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10.We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、中译英
1.我们上周五看了一部电影。
_________________________________________________________ 2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。
_________________________________________________________ 3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。
_________________________________________________________ 4.你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。
_________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（2）
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2.Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 3.Don’t ______ the house.Mum _______ it yesterday.(clean)
4.What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework.(do) 5.They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6.I want to ______ apples.But my dad _______ all of them last month.(pick) 7._______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____.(water) 8.She ____ (be) a pretty girl.Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances. 9.The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows.(milk)
二、中译英
1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。
_________________________________________________________ 2.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。
_________________________________________________________ 3.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。
_________________________________________________________
六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ； ⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； ⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
三、练习
一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old__________
young________
tall_______
long________
short________
strong________
big________
small_______
fat_________
thin__________
heavy______
light________
nice_________
good_________
beautiful__________________
low__________
high_________
slow_______
fast________
late__________
early_________
far_________
well_______ 二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1.My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2.Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3.Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4.Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is. 5.Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6.Mary’__________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his cla.8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______. 14.Jim runs _____(slow).But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students. 三)、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
________ is _________than Jim？
________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
s hair is as ________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？
我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______? My ____________ ___________.
5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.
6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.
7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______? No, _________ _________ than him.8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______
________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____
_____ than you?No,he _______.He_____ as_____ as_____. 11.多做运动，你会更强壮。
________ more exercise,you’ll ________
_________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___. 14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.All my______
_______ _______than me. 15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____ _____ up _____than me. 16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。
____the girls______
______
______the boys? Yes,they ____. 17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn’t ____
_____ in PE.But I don’t
______
_____than_____. 18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your clamates?No,they____as____as me. 19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____
_____
______than my ______. 20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dre_____ too_____.I want to _____a______one.
22.I\'m taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较) I\'m _________ as ________ as Mike .
七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is 主语是复数，be 动词用are 有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。如
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What’Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are” 1.I________a good father and a good mother.
2.____________a telescope on the desk.
3.He_________a tape-recorder.
4._____________a basketball in the playground.
5.She__________some drees.
6.They___________a nice garden.
7.What do you___________?
8.______________a reading-room in the building?
9.What does Mike___________?
10.______________any books in the bookcase?
11.My father_________a story-book.
12._______________a story-book on the table.
13._______________any flowers in the vase?
14.How many students____________in the claroom?
s + 介词短语？
15.My parents___________some nice pictures.
16._____________some maps on the wall.
17.______________a map of the world on the wall.
18.David__________a telescope.
19.David’s friends___________some tents.
20.______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There_______a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There
some milk in the gla.
3、There
some people under the the big tree.
4、There
a picture and a map on the wall.
5、There
a box of rubbers near the books.
6、There
lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There
a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There
four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1.
I_________ a nice puppet. 2. He_________a good friend. 3.
They__________ some masks. 4.
We___________some flowers. 5.
She___________ a duck.
6.
My father____________ a new bike. 7.
Her mother___________a vase. 8.
Our teacher_________ an English book. 9.Our teachers___________a basketball.10.
Their parents___________some blankets 11.
Nancy_________many skirts. 12.
David__________some jackets. 13.
My friends__________a football. 14.
What do you__________? 15.
What does Mike__________?
16.
What do your friends___________? 17.
What does Helen___________? 18.
His brother________a basketball. 19.
Her sister_________a nice doll.
20.
Mi Li__________an English book.
